新高考（公共版）2022-2023学年高一下学期开学考试英语试卷【笔试部分】

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新高考（公共版）2022-2023学年高一下学期开学考试英语试卷【笔试部分】
一、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
（2023高一下·山东开学考）阅读理解
Poland is known for food that is rich in meat. But as in
many countries across the world, recent years have seen a rise in plant-based
living. If you're a vegetarian traveller in Gdańsk looking for some meat-free
options, make sure to pay these restaurants a visit!
Pierogarnia Mandu
A trip to Gdańsk would be incomplete without pierogi, dumplings
containing sweet fillings. They're the ultimate Polish comfort food! This restaurant
specializes in pierogi. You'll also get to watch the pierogi being made in full
view of the restaurant. It's worth booking in advance as it's very popular.
Avocado Vegan Bistro
It is a small, comfortable cafe with a menu that includes
classics like dumplings as well as daily specials. It can get pretty busy, so
you may have to choose for takeaway rather than eating in, but the food is
fresh and tasty. There is also a great selection of vegan (严格素食主义者) cakes and desserts
to choose from, so it's worth a visit even if you've already eaten.
Zakwasownia
Also in Wrzeszcz is Zakwasownia, a vegan organic
restaurant. The menu is not huge, but you can expect quality rather than
quantity with dishes. There is a lot of attention to detail in the way that dishes
are plated, creating a dining experience that feels a little fancy — perfect
for a date night or a special occasion. There is also a children's menu, so
it's family friendly, too.
Manna 68
Also in the Old Town is Manna 68, an only vegan
restaurant. The menu is varied. Its central location makes it a perfect pit
stop (短暂休息) after a day of exploring the streets of the Old Town. That also
means it's a little pricier, but for quality food, friendly service and a
comfortable atmosphere, it's worth it.
1．What can travelers experience in Pierogarnia Mandu
A．Choose for takeaway.
B．Buy free comfort food.
C．Make dumplings with families.
D．Enjoy the process of making dumplings.
2．Which restaurant suits a young couple with a kid
A．Manna 68. B．Zakwasownia.
C．Pierogarnia Mandu. D．Avocado Vegan Bistro.
3．Where is the text probably taken from
A．A textbook. B．An art magazine.
C．A travel brochure. D．An academic article.
（2023高一下·山东开学考）
阅读理解
Shirley Raines makes the homeless community in Los Angeles's
skid row (贫民区) neighborhood feel human. She is the founder of Beauty 2 The
Streetz, a nonprofit that provides free food, clothing, hair, and makeup services
to the homeless. And Shirley is now the CNN Hero of the Year!
In 1990, Raines' 2-year-old son Demetrius passed away from
accidental poisoning while at his grandma's house. This event created a lot of
pain for Shirley Raines. The pain lasted for many years. And she did not know
what to do about it. She struggled to understand what her purpose was in life.
Until one day ...
Six years ago, Shirley visited skid row with a friend from
church who asked her to volunteer. She met a lot of homeless people and
realized how much help they needed. Not just in finding a home, but in finding
themselves and their own worth and beauty.
Shirley started to volunteer each Saturday. As she got to
know the homeless, they often praised her makeup, hair, and style. She started
to offer to "make up" the homeless. They loved it, she loved it, they
loved her and she loved them. She found purpose. So she started an outdoor
beauty salon to serve the homeless, which took most of her spare time.
Raines started sharing her efforts on Instagram with
photos and even live-streaming some of her events. Things took off. She formed
her nonprofit, Beauty 2 The Streetz, and her followers quickly began donating
to grow Shirley's impact. Her followers grew to over 200,000 people, including
many beauty professionals such as licensed hairstylists, barbers, make-up
artists. Many of them regularly donate money to keep the services rolling.
Others donate their time to help Shirley serve the homeless.
Shirley's boldness, caring, courage, consistency (连贯性), and desire to
take action have led to making a real impact on people's lives. And she also
served as a role model and inspiration to others.
4．What do we know about Beauty 2 The Streetz
A．It is formed by Shirley and other kind people.
B．It aims to serve the homeless in several ways.
C．It records some of Shirley's photos and events.
D．It is a government organization that helps the homeless.
5．What did Shirley mainly do to help the homeless
A．Find them homes. B．Help them make up.
C．Donate money to them. D．Share their lives on Instagram.
6．What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A．Shirley's impact on her community.
B．The ways in which people help Shirley.
C．How Shirley founded Beauty 2 The Streetz.
D．The growing impact of Beauty 2 The Streetz.
7．Which words can best describe Shirley
A．Brave and bright. B．Selfless and caring.
C．Selfless and independent. D．Ambitious and determined.
（2023高一下·山东开学考）
阅读理解
Whether it's a tricky maths problem or an unexpected bill,
life is full of stressful experiences. Now researchers have found that humans
produce a different odour (气味) when under pressure and dogs can sniff it out.
While previous studies have suggested dogs might pick up
on human emotions, possibly through smell, questions remained over whether they
could detect (察觉) stress and if this could be done through scent.
Writing in the journal Plos One, Clara Wilson, a
PhD student at Queens University Belfast and the first author of the research,
and her colleagues report how they first constructed a stand bearing three
containers, each topped by a lid with holes. The researchers were able to train
four dogs to point out the container that was holding a particular breath and
sweat sample taken at a different time of day, even when the lineup included
unused gauze (纱布).
With the team confident that the dogs understood the
approach, they turned to breath and sweat samples from 36 people who had been
asked to count backwards from 9,000 in units of 17. The participants reported
feeling stressed by the task and for the 27 who carried it out in the lab,
their blood pressure and heart rate rose.
The dogs were taught to pick out samples taken just after
the task from a lineup that included two containers holding unused gauze. The
researchers then tested whether the dogs could do the same when the lineup
included not only unused gauze but samples taken from the same participant just
before the task, when they were more relaxed. Each set of samples was shown to
a single dog in 20 trials. The results show that the dogs chose the
"stressed" sample in 675 out of the 720 trials.
"It was pretty amazing to see them be so confident in
telling me ‘nope, these two things definitely smell different'," said
Wilson. While it was unclear what chemicals the dogs were picking up on, the
study shows humans produce a different odour when stressed. Wilson said it was
possible that even untrained pet dogs might detect changes in odour when a
human became stressed.
8．What did dogs detect human emotions by according to previous studies
A．Smell. B．Taste. C．Expression. D．Hearing.
9．Why did the researchers use three containers at first
A．To have the dogs more confused.
B．To hold the breath more stably.
C．To let the dogs know the approach.
D．To increase the reliability of containers.
10．What's the attitude of Clara Wilson towards the result of the test
A．Doubtful. B．Convinced. C．Indifferent. D．Negative.
11．Which may be the best title for the text
A．Your Smell Will Change When You Feel Nervous
B．Dogs Know Why You Are Relaxed
C．Your Emotional State Can Be Detected by Odour
D．Dogs Can Sniff out When You Are Stressed
（2023高一下·山东开学考）
阅读理解
The UK's largest and most advanced robotics centre, the
National Robotarium, opened on Sep. 28th, 2022 in Edinburgh, is aimed to be a world-leading
centre for robotics and artificial intelligence. It's hosted by Heriot-Watt
University and the University of Edinburgh and received 21 million in funding
from the UK government as well as 1.4 million from the Scottish government.
Stewart Miller, the chief executive of the National
Robotarium has said that society needs to prepare for the increased integration
(融合) of
robots but shouldn't fear the rise of artificial intelligence (AI). He told
Sky News that "Necessarily there will be more robots in everybody's
life. They'll be helping you at home, when you go out shopping, when you go to
a hotel, they'll serve you, when you go to a theatre, everything. And in your
working life."
Internationally, some scientists have expressed concerns
over rapid progress in the field of artificial intelligence. A new survey of
researchers from the New York University Centre for Data Science found that
more than a third (36%) of respondents that had published recent papers in the
field thought that AI could produce catastrophic outcomes in this
century, "on the level of all-out nuclear war".
Mr. Miller said, "The thing to remember is that we,
the humans, are in control. We decide how far it goes and doesn't go". He
added, "A lot of people have already been working on making sure the software
sitting behind AI has safeguards built into it." To make sure that,
particularly when it's running on a robotic platform, it can't do any harm or
at least we make sure it does as minimal harm as we possibly can. So those
kinds of safeguards will be built in by the engineers. "We will have to
put safeguards in place and make sure we have good controls around it, because
artificial intelligence is a very powerful technology. But I think it has more
things to bring that will be good than we have to worry about."
12．What can we learn about AI from paragraph 2
A．It brings fear to the whole society.
B．It takes place of human labour.
C．It helps human in many ways.
D．It's generally applied to service industry.
13．What does the underlined word "catastrophic" mean in paragraph 3
A．Disastrous. B．Dramatic. C．Surprising. D．Promising.
14．What measures have been taken to avoid the threat from AI
A．Hiring safeguards. B．Setting up a security website.
C．Purchasing security systems. D．Putting security software in place.
15．What's the text mainly about
A．Security defense of artificial intelligence.
B．No need to worry about artificial intelligence.
C．Wide application of artificial intelligence.
D．No need to depend more on artificial intelligence.
二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
（2023高一下·山东开学考）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do you have days when you can't help but feel like something is missing It's almost like a tiny voice is reminding you to make full use of your ability. That means telling you to become the best version (版本) of yourself. 　16． 　
● Set goals. If you don't have either a list of your short-term or long-term goals, you'd better start thinking and writing them down. Think of goals as more like a roadmap leading to your final destination, which is becoming your best version. 　17． 　 It means specific, measurable, attainable (可实现的), relevant, and time-bound.
● 　18． 　 Someone who hates himself/herself can never become his/her best version because he/she is yet to fully understand their identity. Quit shying away from who you are and embrace (拥抱) every part of you, including your weaknesses. There is only one YOU in the world, so show yourself the most love.
● Don't be scared to try new things. In life, there are two types of people: the ones who try and the ones who don't try. Trust us, you don't want to be part of the latter. Try to open yourself to exploring new opportunities because only then can you be able to discover yourself and know what your best version of yourself might be. 　19． 　
● Surround yourself with a good circle. 　20． 　 Sometimes, what you think is the best version might not be until you change your circle. For example, you wish to one day live a peaceful and successful life, yet you surround yourself with wrongdoers. It is highly doubtful that you will get to attain that goal because the people around you are going to keep holding you down.
A. Love yourself.
B. Work towards it.
C. Accept your shortcomings.
D. Every goal you set must be SMART.
E. Here are some tips to become the best version of yourself.
F. As we know, you are as good as the people you hang out with.
G. Understand yourself fully, or people around you may affect you.
三、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
（2023高一下·山东开学考）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Eleven days ago my brother was in an accident. We do not
really know the full story, only knowing that he was on an electric scooter (电瓶车) and flew off,
landing on his 21． . He had a head injury and we had no idea
if he was going to 22． . Twenty years ago we lost our mom to a
head injury so it was really 23． because I know what the worst can be.
My partner and I went to the hospital to join my
stepmother at my brother's bedside. My brother looked much better than I
feared, so I started feeling 24． .
Then he 25． the nurses while they tried to clean him a
little. So they sedated (打镇静剂) him in 26． of
the recovery of his brain.
He was awake the next day but his personality was off, 27． severe brain damage. But I
28． to wish for good luck and just thought of him
living 29． . I
just worked on feeling gratitude for his 30． and recovery.
He was 31． a
few days later. Yesterday, he had a doctor's 32． to do some routine examinations about two
thirds of the way between our homes, so he took a bus the rest of the way and I
picked him up at the bus stop. He got to see my new home and play with my cat
and we
33． old family pictures. His 34． was 100% back to normal!
He needs to rest and to not work for a few months, but he
is going to be fine. He has learned a few life lessons and the 35． of cherishing life.
21．A．face B．bottom C．feet D．knees
22．A．leave B．succeed C．hurt D．survive
23．A．awkward B．impressive C．frightening D．confusing
24．A．regretful B．delightful C．hopeful D．stressful
25．A．transported B．fought C．pleased D．controlled
26．A．advance B．case C．memory D．consideration
27．A．meaning B．causing C．preventing D．demanding
28．A．decided B．continued C．expected D．offered
29．A．fortunately B．calmly C．normally D．cautiously
30．A．fame B．future C．luck D．health
31．A．discharged B．delivered C．fired D．accepted
32．A．order B．appointment C．wish D．forgiveness
33．A．looked through B．held up C．learned about D．picked out
34．A．confidence B．spirit C．energy D．personality
35．A．matter B．responsibility C．significance D．business
四、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2023高一下·山东开学考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Here are some things about Cold Dew (寒露). The year 　36． 　 (divide) into 24 solar terms by the traditional Chinese lunar calendar. Cold Dew, the 17th solar term of the year, begins this year on Oct. 8 　37． 　 ends on Oct. 22.
At this time, temperatures are much lower and the dew is greater and colder and there will be　38． 　 (little) rain. People always say that fishing in shallow water in autumn makes sense. That's because during the Cold Dew period, temperatures fall 　39． 　 (sharp) and sunshine doesn't reach deep water thoroughly. Fish swim to shallow water areas 　40． 　 the water temperature is relatively high.
During Cold Dew, North China takes on a look of late autumn with red 　41． 　 (leaf), white clouds and early frost. People often climb hills to drive away evils. Though 　42． 　 (date) back to the Eastern Han Dynasty, it's still a custom people observe today.
Besides, many regions in China have 　43． 　 custom of drinking chrysanthemum (菊花) wine to prevent autumn dryness. This is also a tradition of the Double Ninth Festival, which falls　44． 　 the ninth day of the ninth month in the Chinese calendar. It is said that drinking the wine　45． 　 (make) with chrysanthemums can help people keep young forever.
五、写作（共两节，满分40分）
46．（2023高一下·山东开学考）假定你是学生会主席李华，你校下周将在学生活动中心举办主题为"The Importance of Failure"的英文演讲比赛，请给外教Mr. John写一封邮件，邀请他担任评委，内容包括：
1）比赛时间、地点、主题；
2）评委职责、评分标准（judging standards）；
3）进一步讨论细节。
注意：
1）词数80左右；
2）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
3）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr. John, …… Yours sincerely, Li Hua
47．（2023高一下·山东开学考）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When my mother first got into tarot (塔罗牌), I kept my
distance. I believed there was no realistic explanation for predicting
someone's life through a pack of cards. Then one day, during the COVID-19 pandemic
(新冠疫情), driven half out of boredom and half out of
curiosity, I asked my mom to give me a reading. It was surprisingly accurate (准确的). She predicted the outcomes of various periods of time in my life
and gave me advice based on her readings.
In a tarot reading, the participant asks a question, and the
reader will turn over a series of cards, explaining an answer based on each
card's meaning. My mom examined the cards, pointing out their meanings as she
worked to build the important message in response.
My mom didn't believe in fortune telling. For her, that's
not what tarot cards are about. She used tarot to offer insight, understanding,
new viewpoints, or renewed hope on challenges the person she was reading for
may be facing. The cards provide a space for deeper self-reflection and give
the participant an opportunity to ask questions about situations they are
currently struggling with. She said it was like a fun way of doing therapy (疗法) — instead of
talking to a medical professional, you're playing a card game.
For me, it's given me a way to open up to my mom again.
When I moved away to college a few years later, we grew apart. Sometimes we
wouldn't talk for a couple of weeks. When we did talk, I often felt like she
couldn't offer me the advice I needed because my life had taken its own course.
The next year I felt worn out, rearranging my role on the school newspaper with
sports, work and classes. Over the phone, my mom advised me to drop some unpaid
work with the newspaper, so I would have more time to manage everything else.
注意：
1）续写词数应为150左右；
2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I told her
that was unreasonable. …… In our tarot readings, my
cards kept telling me to be patient with my study.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．D
2．B
3．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了位于波兰Gdańsk的四家值得素食旅行者去用餐的素食餐厅的相关情况。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据Pierogarnia Mandu部分中的"You'll also get to watch the pierogi being made in full view of the restaurant."可知，游客可以在Pierogarnia Mandu看到制作饺子的过程。故选D。
2．考查细节理解。根据Zakwasownia部分中的"There is also a children's menu, so it's family friendly, too."可知，Zakwasownia餐厅适合一对带着孩子的年轻夫妇去用餐。故选B。
3．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"If you're a vegetarian traveller in Gdańsk looking for some meat-free options, make sure to pay these restaurants a visit!"如果你是Gdańsk的素食旅行者，正在寻找一些无肉的选择，请务必光顾这些餐厅！可知，本文主要介绍了位于波兰Gdańsk的四家值得素食旅行者去用餐的素食餐厅的相关情况。可推知，本文可能出自一本旅游小册子。故选C。
【答案】4．B
5．B
6．D
7．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Shirley Raines成立非营利机构来帮助流浪者的故事。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"She is the founder of Beauty 2 The Streetz, a nonprofit that provides free food, clothing, hair, and makeup services to the homeless."可知，Beauty 2 The Streetz是由Shirley Raines建立的非营利组织，它为流浪者们提供免费的食物、衣服、发型和化妆服务。eauty 2 The Streetz旨在以若干方式为流浪者服务。故选B。
5．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"So she started an outdoor beauty salon to serve the homeless, which took most of her spare time."可知，Shirley Raines创办了一家户外的美容院来为流浪者服务，这占据了她大部分的空闲时间。Shirley Raines主要通过为流浪者们打扮来帮助他们。故选B。
6．考查段落大意。根据第五段可知，本段主要讲述了Shirley Raines在建立Beauty 2 The Streetz后，该非营利组织获得了越来越多人的支持与帮助。可推知第五段主要介绍了Beauty 2 The Streetz日益增长的影响力。故选D。
7．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"So she started an outdoor beauty salon to serve the homeless, which took most of her spare time."可知，Shirley Raines用自己的大部分空闲时间来为流浪者服务，即她是一个无私奉献的人；以及最后一段中的"Shirley's boldness, caring, courage, consistency (连贯性), and desire to take action have led to making a real impact on people's lives."可知，她是一个有爱心的人。故选B。
【答案】8．A
9．C
10．B
11．D
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明狗能嗅出人在压力下散发出的与平常不同的气味。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"While previous studies have suggested dogs might pick up on human emotions, possibly through smell"此前的研究表明，狗可能会通过嗅觉来感知人类的情绪可知，先前的研究表明狗可能通过嗅觉来分辨出人类的情绪。故选A。
9．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"With the team confident that the dogs understood the approach"可知，研究人员训练四只狗去分辨装有一天中不同时间采集的气体和汗液样本的容器。而且研究团队确信狗是理解这种实验方式的。可推知，起初研究人员使用三个容器的目的在于训练狗，以使它们了解展开实验的方式。故选C。
10．考查推理判断。根据最后一段内容可知，Wilson说："看到它们如此自信地告诉我‘不，这两种东西闻起来肯定不一样'，这真是太神奇了。"虽然还不清楚狗闻到了什么化学物质，但研究表明，人类在压力下会散发出不同的气味。即使是未经训练的宠物狗也有可能察觉到人在感到压力时气味的变化。由此可推知，Wilson对研究结果坚信不疑。故选B。
11．考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文介绍了一项研究，该研究表明狗能嗅出人在压力下散发出的与平常不同的气味。“当你感到压力时，狗能嗅出气味”概括了本文主旨，最适合作本文标题。故选D。
【答案】12．C
13．A
14．D
15．B
【知识点】主旨大意题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了没必要担忧人工智能可能给人类带来危险的原因。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"He told Sky News that ‘Necessarily there will be more robots in everybody's life. They'll be helping you at home, when you go out shopping, when you go to a hotel, they'll serve you, when you go to a theatre, everything. And in your working life.'"可知，Stewart Miller表示，每个人的生活中必然会有更多的机器人。当你外出购物时，当你去酒店时，他们会为你服务，当你去剧院时，他们会为你提供周到的服务。在你的工作中也是如此。由此可知，人工智能会在许多方面帮助人类。故选C。
13．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的"on the level of all-out nuclear war"推知，"达到全面核战争的水平"是对画线词的补充描述。因此，画线词catastrophic应意为"灾难性的"，故选A。
14．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"We will have to put safeguards in place and make sure we have good controls around it, because artificial intelligence is a very powerful technology."我们必须建立安全措施，并确保对其进行良好控制，因为人工智能是一项非常强大的技术。可知，我们已经采取了通过安装安全软件来避免人工智能威胁的措施。故选D。
15．考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的"Stewart Miller, the chief executive of the National Robotarium has said that society needs to prepare for the increased integration (融合) of robots but shouldn't fear the rise of artificial intelligence (AI)."国家机器人博物馆的首席执行官Stewart Miller表示，社会需要为机器人的日益融合做好准备，但不应害怕人工智能的崛起；以及第四段中的"Mr. Miller said, ‘The thing to remember is that we, the humans, are in control. We decide how far it goes and doesn't go'."米勒先生说，“需要记住的是，我们，人类，在控制之中。我们决定它能走多远，不能走多远。”可知，本文主要阐述了没必要担忧人工智能可能给人类带来危险的原因。故选B。
【答案】16．E；17．D；18．A；19．B；20．F
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，就如何成为最好的自己提供了四条建议。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读， 要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"That means telling you to become the best version (版本) of yourself."这意味着告诉你去成为最好的自己；下文主要介绍了四条如何成为最好的自己的建议。 E. Here are some tips to become the best version of yourself. "这里有一些成为最好的自己的建议"承上启下，符合语境。故选E。
17．根据空前"Set goals."可知，本段主要介绍要设定目标；根据空后"It means specific, measurable, attainable (可实现的), relevant, and time-bound."它的意思是具体的、可衡量的、可实现的、相关的和有时限的。 D. Every goal you set must be SMART. "你设定的每个目标都必须是SMART的"符合语境，且SMART的每个字母指代的分别是下文中的"specific" "measurable" "attainable" "relevant" "time-bound"。故选D。
18．根据空后"Someone who hates himself/herself can never become his/her best version because he/she is yet to fully understand their identity."讨厌自己的人永远不可能成为最好的自己，因为他／她还没有完全了解自己的本性；以及"There is only one YOU in the world, so show yourself the most love."世界上只有一个你，所以给自己最多的爱。 A. Love yourself. "爱你自己"统领本段，符合语境。故选A。
19．根据空前"Don't be scared to try new things."可知，本段主要介绍不要害怕尝试新事物；以及"Try to open yourself to exploring new opportunities because only then can you be able to discover yourself and know what your best version of yourself might be."试着敞开心扉去探索新的机会，因为只有这样你才能发现自己，弄清楚最好的自己可能是什么样子的。 B. Work towards it. "朝着它努力"承接上文，符合语境。故选B。
20．根据空前"Surround yourself with a good circle."用一个好的圈子包围自己。可知，本段主要介绍要让自己有一个优秀的（社交）圈子。F. As we know, you are as good as the people you hang out with."正如我们所知，近朱者赤"承接上文，符合语境。故选F。
【答案】21．A；22．D；23．C；24．C；25．B；26．D；27．A；28．B；29．C；30．D；31．A；32．B；33．A；34．D；35．C
【知识点】记叙文；人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的哥哥/弟弟在一次事故中头部受了重伤后幸存下来并恢复健康，以及他从此次事故中吸取到了要珍惜生命的教训的故事。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：我们真的不知道整个经过，只知道他坐在一辆电动滑板车上，然后飞了出去，脸着地。A：face“脸”；B：bottom“底部”；C：feet“脚”；D：knees “膝盖”。根据下文"He had a head injury"可知，作者的哥哥/弟弟头部受了伤。可推知，他是脸着地摔了下来。故选A。
22．句意：他头部受伤，我们不知道他是否能活下来。A：leave“离开”；B：succeed“成功”；C：hurt“伤害”；D：survive “幸存”。根据下文"Twenty years ago we lost our mom to a head injury"可知，20年前，作者的母亲因头部受伤去世。因此，此处表示他们不知道作者的哥哥/弟弟是否能够活下来。故选D。
23．句意：20年前，我们的母亲因头部受伤而去世，所以这真的很可怕，因为我知道最糟糕的情况是什么。A：awkward“尴尬的”；B：impressive“印象深刻的”；C：frightening“令人害怕的”；D：confusing“令人困惑的”。 根据空后"because I know what the worst can be"及语境可知,当时真的很吓人，因为作者知道最糟糕的情况是什么。故选C。
24．句意：我哥哥看起来比我担心的要好得多，所以我开始感到充满希望。A：regretful“后悔的，遗憾的”；B：delightful“高兴的”；C：hopeful“充满希望的”；D：stressful “有压力的”。根据空前"My brother looked much better than I feared"可知，作者的哥哥/弟弟看起来比作者担心的情况好一些，所以作者开始觉得有希望。故选C。
25．句意：然后，他和护士们打了起来，护士们试图给他清洗一点。A：transported“运输”；B：fought“打仗，反抗”；C：pleased“使高兴”；D：controlled “控制”。根据下文"they sedated (打镇静剂) him"及语境可知，作者的哥哥/弟弟在护士试图给他做清洁时极力反抗，所以他们给他打了镇静剂。故选B。
26．句意：因此，考虑到他的大脑恢复，他们给他注射了镇静剂。A：advance“前进”；B：case“情况，案例”；C：memory“记忆”；D：consideration “考虑”。根据空前"they sedated (打镇静剂) him"可知，护士给他打了镇静剂是考虑到他头部的恢复。in consideration of固定短语，"考虑到"，故选D。
27．句意：第二天他醒了，但他的性格却不好，这意味着严重的大脑损伤。A：meaning“意思是，意味着”；B：causing“造成，引起”；C：preventing“预防，阻止”；D：demanding “要求”。根据空前"his personality was off"可知，作者的哥哥/弟弟的性格变了，这意味着他受到了严重的脑损伤。故选A。
28．句意：但我仍然希望好运，只想到他生活正常。我只是对他的健康和康复感到感激。A：decided“决定”；B：continued“继续”；C：expected“期待”；D：offered “提供”。根据语境可知，作者的哥哥的性格变了，这意味着他受到了严重的脑损伤。但作者继续为他祈求好运。故选B。
29．句意：但我仍然希望好运，只想到他生活正常。A：fortunately“幸运地”；B：calmly“镇静地”；C：normally“正常地”；D：cautiously“继续”。根据空前"wish for good luck"及语境可知，作者继续为他的哥哥祈求好运，希望他能够正常地生活。故选C。
30．句意：我只是对他的健康和康复感到感激。A：fame“声誉”；B：future“将来”；C：luck“运气”；D：health “健康”。根据语境可知，作者继续为他的哥哥/弟弟祈求好运，希望他能够正常地生活。作者对他的哥哥能拥有健康而且能够康复心存感激。故选D。
31．句意：几天后他出院了。A：discharged“准许.....出院”；B：delivered“派送”；C：fired“解雇”；D：accepted“接受”。 根据下文"he took a bus the rest of the way and I picked him up"及语境可知，几天后，作者的哥哥出院了。故选A。
32．句意：昨天，他约了医生，在我们家之间三分之二的路程上做一些常规检查，所以他在剩下的路程上坐了一辆公共汽车，我在公共汽车站接他。A：order“命令”；B：appointment“约定，约会”；C：wish“希望”；D：forgiveness “原谅”。根据空后"to do some routine examinations"及语境可知，此处表示作者的哥哥/弟弟和医生约好做一些常规检查。故选B。
33．句意：他看到了我的新家，和我的猫玩，我们翻看了旧的家庭照片。A：looked through“浏览”；B：held up“举起，延误”；C：learned about“了解”；D：picked out “挑选出”。根据空后"old family pictures"及语境可知，作者和哥哥/弟弟一起浏览家里的老照片。故选A。
34．句意：他的性格100%恢复正常！A：confidence“信心”；B：spirit“精神”；C：energy“精力，能量”；D：personality “个性”。根据上文"He was awake the next day but his personality was off"和空后"was 100% back to normal"及语境可知，此处表示作者哥哥的性格又回到了正常状态。故选D。
35．句意：他学到了一些人生的教训和珍惜生命的意义。A：matter“问题”；B：responsibility“责任”；C：significance“重要性”；D：business“商务”。 根据空前"He has learned a few life lessons"及语境可知，作者的哥哥/弟弟通过这次事故吸取到了一些教训，也懂得了珍惜生命的重要性。故选C。
【答案】36．is divided；37．and；38．less；39．sharply；40．where；41．leaves；42．dating；43．the；44．on；45．made
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了二十四节气之一的寒露及相关风俗。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，连词，形容词，副词，定语从句，名词，非谓语动词，冠词，介词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：中国传统农历将一年分为24个节气。此处是谓语动词，陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；且主语The year和动词divide之间构成被动关系，应用被动语态，故填is divided。
37．句意：寒露是一年中的第17个节气，从今年10月8日开始，到10月22日结束。此处应用并列连词and连接前后两个并列的谓语。故填and。
38．句意：在这一时期，气温骤降，晨露更重且更凉，降雨也会更少。根据上文中的“much lower”和“greater and colder”可知，此处应用形容词的比较级形式，故填less。
39．句意：那是因为在寒露时期，气温急剧下降，阳光无法完全到达深水。此处应用副词修饰动词fall。故填sharply。
40．句意：鱼游到水温相对较高的浅水区。 the water temperature is relatively high 是限制性定语从句，先行词是shallow water areas，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导，故填where。
41．句意：寒露时节，华北呈现出深秋的景象，红叶、白云和初霜。leaf为可数名词，且其前无冠词修饰，此处应用其复数形式。故填leaves。
42．句意：虽然可以追溯到东汉，但这仍然是人们今天遵守的习俗。Though (date) back to the Eastern Han Dynasty作状语。其中的动词date的逻辑主语是it，二者是主动关系，因此应用date的现在分词形式。故填dating。
43．句意：此外，中国许多地区都有喝菊花酒以防秋燥的习俗。此处特指喝菊花酒的风俗，应用定冠词，故填the。
44．句意：这也是重阳节的一个传统，重阳节在中国农历九月初九。在具体的某一天前，应用介词on，fall on固定短语，"适逢（日期）"，故填on。
45．句意：据说喝菊花酿的酒可以帮助人们永葆青春。逻辑主语wine与动词make之间构成动宾关系，此处应用过去分词作后置定语。故填made。
46．【答案】Dear Mr. John,
I'm writing on behalf of the school's Student Union to invite you to judge a public speaking competition.
The competition will be held at the Student Center on April 18th next week. Students have to give a five-minute speech on the topic The Importance of Failure. As a judge, you will rate each of the ten speeches in terms of the speakers' pronunciation, fluency and audience engagement.
I'm looking forward to your reply so that we can further discuss the details.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以学生会主席李华的身份给外教Mr. John写一封邮件，邀请他担任评委 。写作背景： 你校下周将在学生活动中心举办主题为"The Importance of Failure"的英文演讲比赛 。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）比赛时间、地点、主题；2）评委职责、评分标准（judging standards）；3）进一步讨论细节。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：I'm writing on behalf of the school's Student Union to invite you to judge a public speaking competition.运用了不定式作目的状语，不定式作宾补；The competition will be held at the Student Center on April 18th next week. 运用了被动语态；I'm looking forward to your reply so that we can further discuss the details.运用了目的状语从句。
47．【答案】Paragraph 1:
I told her that was unreasonable. She didn't understand how important the newspaper was to me. Her advice made me resistant to examining my problem from a new angle, even if it could have been helpful. It seemed to me that working on the school newspaper could bring much working experience so that I could prepare for the future career. However, rather to my surprise, I had some difficulty with my study. I had to turn to my mom who played tarot for me again.
Paragraph 2:
In our tarot readings, my cards kept telling me to be patient with my study. Even though I'm usually extremely impatient, I took her advice and held off on making unwise decisions. Then I had to quit the unpaid work on the school newspaper and focused my attention on my study. I also tried to search for the support from my instructor, who offered me quite a few practical instructions. It was my mom who probably knew me better. And thanks to tarot, I knew her better.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；半开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，作者讲述了母亲玩塔罗牌，这种游戏提供洞察力、理解力、新观点，给面临挑战的人燃起希望。这些卡片为参与者提供了一个更深入的自我反思的空间，并让参与者有机会就他们目前所面临的情况提出问题。续写第一段开头为：我告诉她那是不合理的。......后面应该写不合理的理由。续写第二段开头为：在塔罗牌阅读中，我的卡片一直告诉我要耐心学习。......后面应该写塔罗牌给作者的启示。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：She didn't understand how important the newspaper was to me.运用了宾语从句； Her advice made me resistant to examining my problem from a new angle, even if it could have been helpful.运用了让步状语从句； It seemed to me that working on the school newspaper could bring much working experience so that I could prepare for the future career. 运用了表语从句，目的状语从句；I had to turn to my mom who played tarot for me again.运用了限制性定语从句； Even though I'm usually extremely impatient, I took her advice and held off on making unwise decisions.运用了让步状语从句； I also tried to search for the support from my instructor, who offered me quite a few practical instructions.运用了非限制性定语从句； It was my mom who probably knew me better. 运用了强调句。
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新高考（公共版）2022-2023学年高一下学期开学考试英语试卷【笔试部分】
一、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
（2023高一下·山东开学考）阅读理解
Poland is known for food that is rich in meat. But as in
many countries across the world, recent years have seen a rise in plant-based
living. If you're a vegetarian traveller in Gdańsk looking for some meat-free
options, make sure to pay these restaurants a visit!
Pierogarnia Mandu
A trip to Gdańsk would be incomplete without pierogi, dumplings
containing sweet fillings. They're the ultimate Polish comfort food! This restaurant
specializes in pierogi. You'll also get to watch the pierogi being made in full
view of the restaurant. It's worth booking in advance as it's very popular.
Avocado Vegan Bistro
It is a small, comfortable cafe with a menu that includes
classics like dumplings as well as daily specials. It can get pretty busy, so
you may have to choose for takeaway rather than eating in, but the food is
fresh and tasty. There is also a great selection of vegan (严格素食主义者) cakes and desserts
to choose from, so it's worth a visit even if you've already eaten.
Zakwasownia
Also in Wrzeszcz is Zakwasownia, a vegan organic
restaurant. The menu is not huge, but you can expect quality rather than
quantity with dishes. There is a lot of attention to detail in the way that dishes
are plated, creating a dining experience that feels a little fancy — perfect
for a date night or a special occasion. There is also a children's menu, so
it's family friendly, too.
Manna 68
Also in the Old Town is Manna 68, an only vegan
restaurant. The menu is varied. Its central location makes it a perfect pit
stop (短暂休息) after a day of exploring the streets of the Old Town. That also
means it's a little pricier, but for quality food, friendly service and a
comfortable atmosphere, it's worth it.
1．What can travelers experience in Pierogarnia Mandu
A．Choose for takeaway.
B．Buy free comfort food.
C．Make dumplings with families.
D．Enjoy the process of making dumplings.
2．Which restaurant suits a young couple with a kid
A．Manna 68. B．Zakwasownia.
C．Pierogarnia Mandu. D．Avocado Vegan Bistro.
3．Where is the text probably taken from
A．A textbook. B．An art magazine.
C．A travel brochure. D．An academic article.
【答案】1．D
2．B
3．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了位于波兰Gdańsk的四家值得素食旅行者去用餐的素食餐厅的相关情况。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据Pierogarnia Mandu部分中的"You'll also get to watch the pierogi being made in full view of the restaurant."可知，游客可以在Pierogarnia Mandu看到制作饺子的过程。故选D。
2．考查细节理解。根据Zakwasownia部分中的"There is also a children's menu, so it's family friendly, too."可知，Zakwasownia餐厅适合一对带着孩子的年轻夫妇去用餐。故选B。
3．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"If you're a vegetarian traveller in Gdańsk looking for some meat-free options, make sure to pay these restaurants a visit!"如果你是Gdańsk的素食旅行者，正在寻找一些无肉的选择，请务必光顾这些餐厅！可知，本文主要介绍了位于波兰Gdańsk的四家值得素食旅行者去用餐的素食餐厅的相关情况。可推知，本文可能出自一本旅游小册子。故选C。
（2023高一下·山东开学考）
阅读理解
Shirley Raines makes the homeless community in Los Angeles's
skid row (贫民区) neighborhood feel human. She is the founder of Beauty 2 The
Streetz, a nonprofit that provides free food, clothing, hair, and makeup services
to the homeless. And Shirley is now the CNN Hero of the Year!
In 1990, Raines' 2-year-old son Demetrius passed away from
accidental poisoning while at his grandma's house. This event created a lot of
pain for Shirley Raines. The pain lasted for many years. And she did not know
what to do about it. She struggled to understand what her purpose was in life.
Until one day ...
Six years ago, Shirley visited skid row with a friend from
church who asked her to volunteer. She met a lot of homeless people and
realized how much help they needed. Not just in finding a home, but in finding
themselves and their own worth and beauty.
Shirley started to volunteer each Saturday. As she got to
know the homeless, they often praised her makeup, hair, and style. She started
to offer to "make up" the homeless. They loved it, she loved it, they
loved her and she loved them. She found purpose. So she started an outdoor
beauty salon to serve the homeless, which took most of her spare time.
Raines started sharing her efforts on Instagram with
photos and even live-streaming some of her events. Things took off. She formed
her nonprofit, Beauty 2 The Streetz, and her followers quickly began donating
to grow Shirley's impact. Her followers grew to over 200,000 people, including
many beauty professionals such as licensed hairstylists, barbers, make-up
artists. Many of them regularly donate money to keep the services rolling.
Others donate their time to help Shirley serve the homeless.
Shirley's boldness, caring, courage, consistency (连贯性), and desire to
take action have led to making a real impact on people's lives. And she also
served as a role model and inspiration to others.
4．What do we know about Beauty 2 The Streetz
A．It is formed by Shirley and other kind people.
B．It aims to serve the homeless in several ways.
C．It records some of Shirley's photos and events.
D．It is a government organization that helps the homeless.
5．What did Shirley mainly do to help the homeless
A．Find them homes. B．Help them make up.
C．Donate money to them. D．Share their lives on Instagram.
6．What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A．Shirley's impact on her community.
B．The ways in which people help Shirley.
C．How Shirley founded Beauty 2 The Streetz.
D．The growing impact of Beauty 2 The Streetz.
7．Which words can best describe Shirley
A．Brave and bright. B．Selfless and caring.
C．Selfless and independent. D．Ambitious and determined.
【答案】4．B
5．B
6．D
7．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Shirley Raines成立非营利机构来帮助流浪者的故事。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"She is the founder of Beauty 2 The Streetz, a nonprofit that provides free food, clothing, hair, and makeup services to the homeless."可知，Beauty 2 The Streetz是由Shirley Raines建立的非营利组织，它为流浪者们提供免费的食物、衣服、发型和化妆服务。eauty 2 The Streetz旨在以若干方式为流浪者服务。故选B。
5．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"So she started an outdoor beauty salon to serve the homeless, which took most of her spare time."可知，Shirley Raines创办了一家户外的美容院来为流浪者服务，这占据了她大部分的空闲时间。Shirley Raines主要通过为流浪者们打扮来帮助他们。故选B。
6．考查段落大意。根据第五段可知，本段主要讲述了Shirley Raines在建立Beauty 2 The Streetz后，该非营利组织获得了越来越多人的支持与帮助。可推知第五段主要介绍了Beauty 2 The Streetz日益增长的影响力。故选D。
7．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"So she started an outdoor beauty salon to serve the homeless, which took most of her spare time."可知，Shirley Raines用自己的大部分空闲时间来为流浪者服务，即她是一个无私奉献的人；以及最后一段中的"Shirley's boldness, caring, courage, consistency (连贯性), and desire to take action have led to making a real impact on people's lives."可知，她是一个有爱心的人。故选B。
（2023高一下·山东开学考）
阅读理解
Whether it's a tricky maths problem or an unexpected bill,
life is full of stressful experiences. Now researchers have found that humans
produce a different odour (气味) when under pressure and dogs can sniff it out.
While previous studies have suggested dogs might pick up
on human emotions, possibly through smell, questions remained over whether they
could detect (察觉) stress and if this could be done through scent.
Writing in the journal Plos One, Clara Wilson, a
PhD student at Queens University Belfast and the first author of the research,
and her colleagues report how they first constructed a stand bearing three
containers, each topped by a lid with holes. The researchers were able to train
four dogs to point out the container that was holding a particular breath and
sweat sample taken at a different time of day, even when the lineup included
unused gauze (纱布).
With the team confident that the dogs understood the
approach, they turned to breath and sweat samples from 36 people who had been
asked to count backwards from 9,000 in units of 17. The participants reported
feeling stressed by the task and for the 27 who carried it out in the lab,
their blood pressure and heart rate rose.
The dogs were taught to pick out samples taken just after
the task from a lineup that included two containers holding unused gauze. The
researchers then tested whether the dogs could do the same when the lineup
included not only unused gauze but samples taken from the same participant just
before the task, when they were more relaxed. Each set of samples was shown to
a single dog in 20 trials. The results show that the dogs chose the
"stressed" sample in 675 out of the 720 trials.
"It was pretty amazing to see them be so confident in
telling me ‘nope, these two things definitely smell different'," said
Wilson. While it was unclear what chemicals the dogs were picking up on, the
study shows humans produce a different odour when stressed. Wilson said it was
possible that even untrained pet dogs might detect changes in odour when a
human became stressed.
8．What did dogs detect human emotions by according to previous studies
A．Smell. B．Taste. C．Expression. D．Hearing.
9．Why did the researchers use three containers at first
A．To have the dogs more confused.
B．To hold the breath more stably.
C．To let the dogs know the approach.
D．To increase the reliability of containers.
10．What's the attitude of Clara Wilson towards the result of the test
A．Doubtful. B．Convinced. C．Indifferent. D．Negative.
11．Which may be the best title for the text
A．Your Smell Will Change When You Feel Nervous
B．Dogs Know Why You Are Relaxed
C．Your Emotional State Can Be Detected by Odour
D．Dogs Can Sniff out When You Are Stressed
【答案】8．A
9．C
10．B
11．D
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明狗能嗅出人在压力下散发出的与平常不同的气味。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"While previous studies have suggested dogs might pick up on human emotions, possibly through smell"此前的研究表明，狗可能会通过嗅觉来感知人类的情绪可知，先前的研究表明狗可能通过嗅觉来分辨出人类的情绪。故选A。
9．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"With the team confident that the dogs understood the approach"可知，研究人员训练四只狗去分辨装有一天中不同时间采集的气体和汗液样本的容器。而且研究团队确信狗是理解这种实验方式的。可推知，起初研究人员使用三个容器的目的在于训练狗，以使它们了解展开实验的方式。故选C。
10．考查推理判断。根据最后一段内容可知，Wilson说："看到它们如此自信地告诉我‘不，这两种东西闻起来肯定不一样'，这真是太神奇了。"虽然还不清楚狗闻到了什么化学物质，但研究表明，人类在压力下会散发出不同的气味。即使是未经训练的宠物狗也有可能察觉到人在感到压力时气味的变化。由此可推知，Wilson对研究结果坚信不疑。故选B。
11．考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文介绍了一项研究，该研究表明狗能嗅出人在压力下散发出的与平常不同的气味。“当你感到压力时，狗能嗅出气味”概括了本文主旨，最适合作本文标题。故选D。
（2023高一下·山东开学考）
阅读理解
The UK's largest and most advanced robotics centre, the
National Robotarium, opened on Sep. 28th, 2022 in Edinburgh, is aimed to be a world-leading
centre for robotics and artificial intelligence. It's hosted by Heriot-Watt
University and the University of Edinburgh and received 21 million in funding
from the UK government as well as 1.4 million from the Scottish government.
Stewart Miller, the chief executive of the National
Robotarium has said that society needs to prepare for the increased integration
(融合) of
robots but shouldn't fear the rise of artificial intelligence (AI). He told
Sky News that "Necessarily there will be more robots in everybody's
life. They'll be helping you at home, when you go out shopping, when you go to
a hotel, they'll serve you, when you go to a theatre, everything. And in your
working life."
Internationally, some scientists have expressed concerns
over rapid progress in the field of artificial intelligence. A new survey of
researchers from the New York University Centre for Data Science found that
more than a third (36%) of respondents that had published recent papers in the
field thought that AI could produce catastrophic outcomes in this
century, "on the level of all-out nuclear war".
Mr. Miller said, "The thing to remember is that we,
the humans, are in control. We decide how far it goes and doesn't go". He
added, "A lot of people have already been working on making sure the software
sitting behind AI has safeguards built into it." To make sure that,
particularly when it's running on a robotic platform, it can't do any harm or
at least we make sure it does as minimal harm as we possibly can. So those
kinds of safeguards will be built in by the engineers. "We will have to
put safeguards in place and make sure we have good controls around it, because
artificial intelligence is a very powerful technology. But I think it has more
things to bring that will be good than we have to worry about."
12．What can we learn about AI from paragraph 2
A．It brings fear to the whole society.
B．It takes place of human labour.
C．It helps human in many ways.
D．It's generally applied to service industry.
13．What does the underlined word "catastrophic" mean in paragraph 3
A．Disastrous. B．Dramatic. C．Surprising. D．Promising.
14．What measures have been taken to avoid the threat from AI
A．Hiring safeguards. B．Setting up a security website.
C．Purchasing security systems. D．Putting security software in place.
15．What's the text mainly about
A．Security defense of artificial intelligence.
B．No need to worry about artificial intelligence.
C．Wide application of artificial intelligence.
D．No need to depend more on artificial intelligence.
【答案】12．C
13．A
14．D
15．B
【知识点】主旨大意题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了没必要担忧人工智能可能给人类带来危险的原因。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"He told Sky News that ‘Necessarily there will be more robots in everybody's life. They'll be helping you at home, when you go out shopping, when you go to a hotel, they'll serve you, when you go to a theatre, everything. And in your working life.'"可知，Stewart Miller表示，每个人的生活中必然会有更多的机器人。当你外出购物时，当你去酒店时，他们会为你服务，当你去剧院时，他们会为你提供周到的服务。在你的工作中也是如此。由此可知，人工智能会在许多方面帮助人类。故选C。
13．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的"on the level of all-out nuclear war"推知，"达到全面核战争的水平"是对画线词的补充描述。因此，画线词catastrophic应意为"灾难性的"，故选A。
14．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"We will have to put safeguards in place and make sure we have good controls around it, because artificial intelligence is a very powerful technology."我们必须建立安全措施，并确保对其进行良好控制，因为人工智能是一项非常强大的技术。可知，我们已经采取了通过安装安全软件来避免人工智能威胁的措施。故选D。
15．考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的"Stewart Miller, the chief executive of the National Robotarium has said that society needs to prepare for the increased integration (融合) of robots but shouldn't fear the rise of artificial intelligence (AI)."国家机器人博物馆的首席执行官Stewart Miller表示，社会需要为机器人的日益融合做好准备，但不应害怕人工智能的崛起；以及第四段中的"Mr. Miller said, ‘The thing to remember is that we, the humans, are in control. We decide how far it goes and doesn't go'."米勒先生说，“需要记住的是，我们，人类，在控制之中。我们决定它能走多远，不能走多远。”可知，本文主要阐述了没必要担忧人工智能可能给人类带来危险的原因。故选B。
二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
（2023高一下·山东开学考）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do you have days when you can't help but feel like something is missing It's almost like a tiny voice is reminding you to make full use of your ability. That means telling you to become the best version (版本) of yourself. 　16． 　
● Set goals. If you don't have either a list of your short-term or long-term goals, you'd better start thinking and writing them down. Think of goals as more like a roadmap leading to your final destination, which is becoming your best version. 　17． 　 It means specific, measurable, attainable (可实现的), relevant, and time-bound.
● 　18． 　 Someone who hates himself/herself can never become his/her best version because he/she is yet to fully understand their identity. Quit shying away from who you are and embrace (拥抱) every part of you, including your weaknesses. There is only one YOU in the world, so show yourself the most love.
● Don't be scared to try new things. In life, there are two types of people: the ones who try and the ones who don't try. Trust us, you don't want to be part of the latter. Try to open yourself to exploring new opportunities because only then can you be able to discover yourself and know what your best version of yourself might be. 　19． 　
● Surround yourself with a good circle. 　20． 　 Sometimes, what you think is the best version might not be until you change your circle. For example, you wish to one day live a peaceful and successful life, yet you surround yourself with wrongdoers. It is highly doubtful that you will get to attain that goal because the people around you are going to keep holding you down.
A. Love yourself.
B. Work towards it.
C. Accept your shortcomings.
D. Every goal you set must be SMART.
E. Here are some tips to become the best version of yourself.
F. As we know, you are as good as the people you hang out with.
G. Understand yourself fully, or people around you may affect you.
【答案】16．E；17．D；18．A；19．B；20．F
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，就如何成为最好的自己提供了四条建议。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读， 要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"That means telling you to become the best version (版本) of yourself."这意味着告诉你去成为最好的自己；下文主要介绍了四条如何成为最好的自己的建议。 E. Here are some tips to become the best version of yourself. "这里有一些成为最好的自己的建议"承上启下，符合语境。故选E。
17．根据空前"Set goals."可知，本段主要介绍要设定目标；根据空后"It means specific, measurable, attainable (可实现的), relevant, and time-bound."它的意思是具体的、可衡量的、可实现的、相关的和有时限的。 D. Every goal you set must be SMART. "你设定的每个目标都必须是SMART的"符合语境，且SMART的每个字母指代的分别是下文中的"specific" "measurable" "attainable" "relevant" "time-bound"。故选D。
18．根据空后"Someone who hates himself/herself can never become his/her best version because he/she is yet to fully understand their identity."讨厌自己的人永远不可能成为最好的自己，因为他／她还没有完全了解自己的本性；以及"There is only one YOU in the world, so show yourself the most love."世界上只有一个你，所以给自己最多的爱。 A. Love yourself. "爱你自己"统领本段，符合语境。故选A。
19．根据空前"Don't be scared to try new things."可知，本段主要介绍不要害怕尝试新事物；以及"Try to open yourself to exploring new opportunities because only then can you be able to discover yourself and know what your best version of yourself might be."试着敞开心扉去探索新的机会，因为只有这样你才能发现自己，弄清楚最好的自己可能是什么样子的。 B. Work towards it. "朝着它努力"承接上文，符合语境。故选B。
20．根据空前"Surround yourself with a good circle."用一个好的圈子包围自己。可知，本段主要介绍要让自己有一个优秀的（社交）圈子。F. As we know, you are as good as the people you hang out with."正如我们所知，近朱者赤"承接上文，符合语境。故选F。
三、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
（2023高一下·山东开学考）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Eleven days ago my brother was in an accident. We do not
really know the full story, only knowing that he was on an electric scooter (电瓶车) and flew off,
landing on his 21． . He had a head injury and we had no idea
if he was going to 22． . Twenty years ago we lost our mom to a
head injury so it was really 23． because I know what the worst can be.
My partner and I went to the hospital to join my
stepmother at my brother's bedside. My brother looked much better than I
feared, so I started feeling 24． .
Then he 25． the nurses while they tried to clean him a
little. So they sedated (打镇静剂) him in 26． of
the recovery of his brain.
He was awake the next day but his personality was off, 27． severe brain damage. But I
28． to wish for good luck and just thought of him
living 29． . I
just worked on feeling gratitude for his 30． and recovery.
He was 31． a
few days later. Yesterday, he had a doctor's 32． to do some routine examinations about two
thirds of the way between our homes, so he took a bus the rest of the way and I
picked him up at the bus stop. He got to see my new home and play with my cat
and we
33． old family pictures. His 34． was 100% back to normal!
He needs to rest and to not work for a few months, but he
is going to be fine. He has learned a few life lessons and the 35． of cherishing life.
21．A．face B．bottom C．feet D．knees
22．A．leave B．succeed C．hurt D．survive
23．A．awkward B．impressive C．frightening D．confusing
24．A．regretful B．delightful C．hopeful D．stressful
25．A．transported B．fought C．pleased D．controlled
26．A．advance B．case C．memory D．consideration
27．A．meaning B．causing C．preventing D．demanding
28．A．decided B．continued C．expected D．offered
29．A．fortunately B．calmly C．normally D．cautiously
30．A．fame B．future C．luck D．health
31．A．discharged B．delivered C．fired D．accepted
32．A．order B．appointment C．wish D．forgiveness
33．A．looked through B．held up C．learned about D．picked out
34．A．confidence B．spirit C．energy D．personality
35．A．matter B．responsibility C．significance D．business
【答案】21．A；22．D；23．C；24．C；25．B；26．D；27．A；28．B；29．C；30．D；31．A；32．B；33．A；34．D；35．C
【知识点】记叙文；人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的哥哥/弟弟在一次事故中头部受了重伤后幸存下来并恢复健康，以及他从此次事故中吸取到了要珍惜生命的教训的故事。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：我们真的不知道整个经过，只知道他坐在一辆电动滑板车上，然后飞了出去，脸着地。A：face“脸”；B：bottom“底部”；C：feet“脚”；D：knees “膝盖”。根据下文"He had a head injury"可知，作者的哥哥/弟弟头部受了伤。可推知，他是脸着地摔了下来。故选A。
22．句意：他头部受伤，我们不知道他是否能活下来。A：leave“离开”；B：succeed“成功”；C：hurt“伤害”；D：survive “幸存”。根据下文"Twenty years ago we lost our mom to a head injury"可知，20年前，作者的母亲因头部受伤去世。因此，此处表示他们不知道作者的哥哥/弟弟是否能够活下来。故选D。
23．句意：20年前，我们的母亲因头部受伤而去世，所以这真的很可怕，因为我知道最糟糕的情况是什么。A：awkward“尴尬的”；B：impressive“印象深刻的”；C：frightening“令人害怕的”；D：confusing“令人困惑的”。 根据空后"because I know what the worst can be"及语境可知,当时真的很吓人，因为作者知道最糟糕的情况是什么。故选C。
24．句意：我哥哥看起来比我担心的要好得多，所以我开始感到充满希望。A：regretful“后悔的，遗憾的”；B：delightful“高兴的”；C：hopeful“充满希望的”；D：stressful “有压力的”。根据空前"My brother looked much better than I feared"可知，作者的哥哥/弟弟看起来比作者担心的情况好一些，所以作者开始觉得有希望。故选C。
25．句意：然后，他和护士们打了起来，护士们试图给他清洗一点。A：transported“运输”；B：fought“打仗，反抗”；C：pleased“使高兴”；D：controlled “控制”。根据下文"they sedated (打镇静剂) him"及语境可知，作者的哥哥/弟弟在护士试图给他做清洁时极力反抗，所以他们给他打了镇静剂。故选B。
26．句意：因此，考虑到他的大脑恢复，他们给他注射了镇静剂。A：advance“前进”；B：case“情况，案例”；C：memory“记忆”；D：consideration “考虑”。根据空前"they sedated (打镇静剂) him"可知，护士给他打了镇静剂是考虑到他头部的恢复。in consideration of固定短语，"考虑到"，故选D。
27．句意：第二天他醒了，但他的性格却不好，这意味着严重的大脑损伤。A：meaning“意思是，意味着”；B：causing“造成，引起”；C：preventing“预防，阻止”；D：demanding “要求”。根据空前"his personality was off"可知，作者的哥哥/弟弟的性格变了，这意味着他受到了严重的脑损伤。故选A。
28．句意：但我仍然希望好运，只想到他生活正常。我只是对他的健康和康复感到感激。A：decided“决定”；B：continued“继续”；C：expected“期待”；D：offered “提供”。根据语境可知，作者的哥哥的性格变了，这意味着他受到了严重的脑损伤。但作者继续为他祈求好运。故选B。
29．句意：但我仍然希望好运，只想到他生活正常。A：fortunately“幸运地”；B：calmly“镇静地”；C：normally“正常地”；D：cautiously“继续”。根据空前"wish for good luck"及语境可知，作者继续为他的哥哥祈求好运，希望他能够正常地生活。故选C。
30．句意：我只是对他的健康和康复感到感激。A：fame“声誉”；B：future“将来”；C：luck“运气”；D：health “健康”。根据语境可知，作者继续为他的哥哥/弟弟祈求好运，希望他能够正常地生活。作者对他的哥哥能拥有健康而且能够康复心存感激。故选D。
31．句意：几天后他出院了。A：discharged“准许.....出院”；B：delivered“派送”；C：fired“解雇”；D：accepted“接受”。 根据下文"he took a bus the rest of the way and I picked him up"及语境可知，几天后，作者的哥哥出院了。故选A。
32．句意：昨天，他约了医生，在我们家之间三分之二的路程上做一些常规检查，所以他在剩下的路程上坐了一辆公共汽车，我在公共汽车站接他。A：order“命令”；B：appointment“约定，约会”；C：wish“希望”；D：forgiveness “原谅”。根据空后"to do some routine examinations"及语境可知，此处表示作者的哥哥/弟弟和医生约好做一些常规检查。故选B。
33．句意：他看到了我的新家，和我的猫玩，我们翻看了旧的家庭照片。A：looked through“浏览”；B：held up“举起，延误”；C：learned about“了解”；D：picked out “挑选出”。根据空后"old family pictures"及语境可知，作者和哥哥/弟弟一起浏览家里的老照片。故选A。
34．句意：他的性格100%恢复正常！A：confidence“信心”；B：spirit“精神”；C：energy“精力，能量”；D：personality “个性”。根据上文"He was awake the next day but his personality was off"和空后"was 100% back to normal"及语境可知，此处表示作者哥哥的性格又回到了正常状态。故选D。
35．句意：他学到了一些人生的教训和珍惜生命的意义。A：matter“问题”；B：responsibility“责任”；C：significance“重要性”；D：business“商务”。 根据空前"He has learned a few life lessons"及语境可知，作者的哥哥/弟弟通过这次事故吸取到了一些教训，也懂得了珍惜生命的重要性。故选C。
四、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2023高一下·山东开学考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Here are some things about Cold Dew (寒露). The year 　36． 　 (divide) into 24 solar terms by the traditional Chinese lunar calendar. Cold Dew, the 17th solar term of the year, begins this year on Oct. 8 　37． 　 ends on Oct. 22.
At this time, temperatures are much lower and the dew is greater and colder and there will be　38． 　 (little) rain. People always say that fishing in shallow water in autumn makes sense. That's because during the Cold Dew period, temperatures fall 　39． 　 (sharp) and sunshine doesn't reach deep water thoroughly. Fish swim to shallow water areas 　40． 　 the water temperature is relatively high.
During Cold Dew, North China takes on a look of late autumn with red 　41． 　 (leaf), white clouds and early frost. People often climb hills to drive away evils. Though 　42． 　 (date) back to the Eastern Han Dynasty, it's still a custom people observe today.
Besides, many regions in China have 　43． 　 custom of drinking chrysanthemum (菊花) wine to prevent autumn dryness. This is also a tradition of the Double Ninth Festival, which falls　44． 　 the ninth day of the ninth month in the Chinese calendar. It is said that drinking the wine　45． 　 (make) with chrysanthemums can help people keep young forever.
【答案】36．is divided；37．and；38．less；39．sharply；40．where；41．leaves；42．dating；43．the；44．on；45．made
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了二十四节气之一的寒露及相关风俗。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，连词，形容词，副词，定语从句，名词，非谓语动词，冠词，介词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：中国传统农历将一年分为24个节气。此处是谓语动词，陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；且主语The year和动词divide之间构成被动关系，应用被动语态，故填is divided。
37．句意：寒露是一年中的第17个节气，从今年10月8日开始，到10月22日结束。此处应用并列连词and连接前后两个并列的谓语。故填and。
38．句意：在这一时期，气温骤降，晨露更重且更凉，降雨也会更少。根据上文中的“much lower”和“greater and colder”可知，此处应用形容词的比较级形式，故填less。
39．句意：那是因为在寒露时期，气温急剧下降，阳光无法完全到达深水。此处应用副词修饰动词fall。故填sharply。
40．句意：鱼游到水温相对较高的浅水区。 the water temperature is relatively high 是限制性定语从句，先行词是shallow water areas，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导，故填where。
41．句意：寒露时节，华北呈现出深秋的景象，红叶、白云和初霜。leaf为可数名词，且其前无冠词修饰，此处应用其复数形式。故填leaves。
42．句意：虽然可以追溯到东汉，但这仍然是人们今天遵守的习俗。Though (date) back to the Eastern Han Dynasty作状语。其中的动词date的逻辑主语是it，二者是主动关系，因此应用date的现在分词形式。故填dating。
43．句意：此外，中国许多地区都有喝菊花酒以防秋燥的习俗。此处特指喝菊花酒的风俗，应用定冠词，故填the。
44．句意：这也是重阳节的一个传统，重阳节在中国农历九月初九。在具体的某一天前，应用介词on，fall on固定短语，"适逢（日期）"，故填on。
45．句意：据说喝菊花酿的酒可以帮助人们永葆青春。逻辑主语wine与动词make之间构成动宾关系，此处应用过去分词作后置定语。故填made。
五、写作（共两节，满分40分）
46．（2023高一下·山东开学考）假定你是学生会主席李华，你校下周将在学生活动中心举办主题为"The Importance of Failure"的英文演讲比赛，请给外教Mr. John写一封邮件，邀请他担任评委，内容包括：
1）比赛时间、地点、主题；
2）评委职责、评分标准（judging standards）；
3）进一步讨论细节。
注意：
1）词数80左右；
2）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
3）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr. John, …… Yours sincerely, Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. John,
I'm writing on behalf of the school's Student Union to invite you to judge a public speaking competition.
The competition will be held at the Student Center on April 18th next week. Students have to give a five-minute speech on the topic The Importance of Failure. As a judge, you will rate each of the ten speeches in terms of the speakers' pronunciation, fluency and audience engagement.
I'm looking forward to your reply so that we can further discuss the details.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以学生会主席李华的身份给外教Mr. John写一封邮件，邀请他担任评委 。写作背景： 你校下周将在学生活动中心举办主题为"The Importance of Failure"的英文演讲比赛 。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）比赛时间、地点、主题；2）评委职责、评分标准（judging standards）；3）进一步讨论细节。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：I'm writing on behalf of the school's Student Union to invite you to judge a public speaking competition.运用了不定式作目的状语，不定式作宾补；The competition will be held at the Student Center on April 18th next week. 运用了被动语态；I'm looking forward to your reply so that we can further discuss the details.运用了目的状语从句。
47．（2023高一下·山东开学考）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When my mother first got into tarot (塔罗牌), I kept my
distance. I believed there was no realistic explanation for predicting
someone's life through a pack of cards. Then one day, during the COVID-19 pandemic
(新冠疫情), driven half out of boredom and half out of
curiosity, I asked my mom to give me a reading. It was surprisingly accurate (准确的). She predicted the outcomes of various periods of time in my life
and gave me advice based on her readings.
In a tarot reading, the participant asks a question, and the
reader will turn over a series of cards, explaining an answer based on each
card's meaning. My mom examined the cards, pointing out their meanings as she
worked to build the important message in response.
My mom didn't believe in fortune telling. For her, that's
not what tarot cards are about. She used tarot to offer insight, understanding,
new viewpoints, or renewed hope on challenges the person she was reading for
may be facing. The cards provide a space for deeper self-reflection and give
the participant an opportunity to ask questions about situations they are
currently struggling with. She said it was like a fun way of doing therapy (疗法) — instead of
talking to a medical professional, you're playing a card game.
For me, it's given me a way to open up to my mom again.
When I moved away to college a few years later, we grew apart. Sometimes we
wouldn't talk for a couple of weeks. When we did talk, I often felt like she
couldn't offer me the advice I needed because my life had taken its own course.
The next year I felt worn out, rearranging my role on the school newspaper with
sports, work and classes. Over the phone, my mom advised me to drop some unpaid
work with the newspaper, so I would have more time to manage everything else.
注意：
1）续写词数应为150左右；
2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I told her
that was unreasonable. …… In our tarot readings, my
cards kept telling me to be patient with my study.
【答案】Paragraph 1:
I told her that was unreasonable. She didn't understand how important the newspaper was to me. Her advice made me resistant to examining my problem from a new angle, even if it could have been helpful. It seemed to me that working on the school newspaper could bring much working experience so that I could prepare for the future career. However, rather to my surprise, I had some difficulty with my study. I had to turn to my mom who played tarot for me again.
Paragraph 2:
In our tarot readings, my cards kept telling me to be patient with my study. Even though I'm usually extremely impatient, I took her advice and held off on making unwise decisions. Then I had to quit the unpaid work on the school newspaper and focused my attention on my study. I also tried to search for the support from my instructor, who offered me quite a few practical instructions. It was my mom who probably knew me better. And thanks to tarot, I knew her better.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；半开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，作者讲述了母亲玩塔罗牌，这种游戏提供洞察力、理解力、新观点，给面临挑战的人燃起希望。这些卡片为参与者提供了一个更深入的自我反思的空间，并让参与者有机会就他们目前所面临的情况提出问题。续写第一段开头为：我告诉她那是不合理的。......后面应该写不合理的理由。续写第二段开头为：在塔罗牌阅读中，我的卡片一直告诉我要耐心学习。......后面应该写塔罗牌给作者的启示。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：She didn't understand how important the newspaper was to me.运用了宾语从句； Her advice made me resistant to examining my problem from a new angle, even if it could have been helpful.运用了让步状语从句； It seemed to me that working on the school newspaper could bring much working experience so that I could prepare for the future career. 运用了表语从句，目的状语从句；I had to turn to my mom who played tarot for me again.运用了限制性定语从句； Even though I'm usually extremely impatient, I took her advice and held off on making unwise decisions.运用了让步状语从句； I also tried to search for the support from my instructor, who offered me quite a few practical instructions.运用了非限制性定语从句； It was my mom who probably knew me better. 运用了强调句。
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