高中英语2022-2023学年高三下学期开学摸底考试卷A（全国甲卷）（含小段音频）

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高中英语2022-2023学年高三下学期开学摸底考试卷A（全国甲卷）（含小段音频）
一、听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
1．（2023高三下·开学考）What does the man suggest the woman buy for Thomson
A．A music CD B．A book of poetry. C．An English novel.
2．（2023高三下·开学考）Where does the man want to go
A．A bus station. B．A palace. C．A bookstore.
3．（2023高三下·开学考）How long does the man have to wait for the next train
A．5 minutes. B．45 minutes. C．50 minutes.
4．（2023高三下·开学考）What does the woman ask the man to do
A．Take the fitness class.
B．Pick up Peter.
C．Give her a ride.
5．（2023高三下·开学考）What does the woman mean
A．Anne is cleverer and more diligent than Julia.
B．Julia doesn't want to be a dancer.
C．Anne and Julia are both famous.
二、听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
（2023高三下·开学考）
听材料，回答问题。
6．Where does the conversation probably take place
A．In a car. B．At home. C．In a hotel.
7．What will the speakers do next
A．Check a map. B．Find another route. C．Book a room.
（2023高三下·开学考）
听材料，回答问题。
8．Why does the man call the woman
A．To make an appointment.
B．To put off an appointment.
C．To confirm an appointment.
9．What will the woman do tomorrow morning
A．Attend a meeting. B．Receive a visitor. C．Work on a report.
10．When will the woman see Dr. Parker
A．At 1:15 p.m. B．At 2:00 p.m. C．At 4:00 p.m.
（2023高三下·开学考）
听材料，回答问题。
11．What does the woman say about the apartment
A．It is a little expensive.
B．Its rent includes electricity.
C．It doesn't have an elevator.
12．What is the man going to do next
A．See the apartment. B．Go to the gym. C．Work overtime.
13．What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Husband and wife. B．Friends. C．Landlord and renter.
（2023高三下·开学考）
听材料，回答问题。
14．What are the speakers mainly talking about
A．The landscapes in their countries.
B．The famous scenic spots in their countries.
C．The good places for sports in their countries.
15．What are the hills like in the man's country
A．They are extremely high.
B．They are in the southwest of the country.
C．They are all less than 1,000 meters high.
16．What does the woman think of her country's coast
A．It is long. B．It is varied. C．It is flat.
17．What does the man's country have
A．Many lakes. B．Many waterfalls. C．Many rivers.
（2023高三下·开学考）
听材料，回答问题。
18．When was Tommy born
A．In 1898. B．In 1909. C．In 1911.
19．To what does Sheila owe Tommy's health
A．Help from the vet.
B．Large amounts of nursing fee.
C．Love and a healthy diet.
20．What do we know about Hermann's tortoises
A．They are endangered now.
B．They aren't close to their owners.
C．Most of them typically live to be 100.
三、阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
（2023高三下·开学考）阅读理解
4
Study and Homework Apps for Android!
Brainly
Price: Free/$15per 3 months/$24 per year
Brainly is a social network for learners.
You sign up, ask questions, and get answers (usually). Additionally, you can browse
the site, answer other people's questions, and help them out as well. They charge
on a quarter basis ($15) or a yearly basis ($24).
Forest
Price: Free/Up to $1.99
Forest is a different type of app. One of
the biggest distractions during study is your smartphone. Forest helps put a stop
to that. You open the app and a tree grows. The tree dies if you leave the app.
Thus, there is a little motivation to leave the thing alone while you study or do
homework.
Google Play Books
Price: Free app, book costs vary
Google Play Books is an excellent source
of learning material. Sometimes your textbook just isn't enough and apps like this
have plenty of additional resources. Books cost money obviously. However, you only
pay for them once. Books are available offline on your smartphone or tablet.
Quizlet
Price: Free/$19.99 per year
Quizlet is one of the most popular flashcard
apps for language learning. You can create flashcards play memory games, and even
share flashcards with classmates. It also supports 18 languages for about any subject
or topic. The free version should work just fine for simple uses, though. The premium
version costs $19.99 per year, which isn't expensive for a study aid.
21．What is special about Forest
A．It answers your questions.
B．It helps keep you focused.
C．It provides textbooks for your study.
D．It motivates you to plant more trees.
22．Which app can you choose to learn languages
A．Brainy B．Forest
C．Quizlet D．Google Play Books
23．What do these apps have in common
A．They have enough learning resources.
B．They are designed to do homework quickly.
C．They have no advertisements
D．They charge for some services.
（2023高三下·开学考）阅读理解
While Disney animations are
successful in moving their audiences, their subsidiary (子公司) Pixar
is expert at creating tear-jerking movies as well.
At first sight, it is remarkable
that these movies make us cry—the main characters are cartoon characters, in most
cases not even human beings, who do things that could evidently never happen in
the real world: toys come to life, monsters are to scare sleeping children, and
helium-balloon-powered houses travel the world. How can a story so unrealistic make
us care so much about their animated main characters
The Pixar creators explained
that their stories often reflect their own personal lives. Whereas the animated
characters are far from real, their lives are relatable. The magical ingredient
is the realistic portrayal of the complex emotional lives of the characters.
As Pixar director Pete Doctor
explains: "What you're trying to do, when you tell a story, is to write about
an event in your life that made you feel a particular way. And what you're trying
to do, when you tell a story, is to get the audience to have that same feeling.
While this is true for storytelling in general, it is especially important in Pixar
movies, given that the basic plots of their movies cannot happen in real life."
What makes Pixar's highly unrealistic
stories believable is the fact that they address problems that are central to our
own lives. Pixar addresses real human matters such as family, friendship, death,
loss, and the highly realistic emotions that such events evoke in our life.
The effect of the story thus
depends on the human capacity to empathize with others: to recognize which emotions
others experience, and to understand why others feel how they feel. The fact that
empathy is learned and developed through life may well be the reason why these movies
are entertaining for kids but rather devastating and heart-crushing for adults.
Every Pixar movie has the moment
when we cry. We learn and feel with the characters through the realistic portrayal
of their emotional lives. The stories appeal to our deepest emotions and, thus,
make us cry. Because, essentially, Pixar stories are about us.
24．Which real issue may not be dealt with in Pixar's movies
A．Family conflicts. B．Romantic love.
C．A political issue. D．The betrayal of a friend.
25．What can be inferred from the passage
A．The Pixar's movies are not only entertaining for kids but also heart-breaking for adults.
B．Pixar can create touching movies because of the support from Disney.
C．Both the realistic emotions and real human matters are shown vividly in Pixar's tear-jerking movies.
D．People can find empathy more easily in animation movies than in any other movies.
26．The key reason for the success of Pixar's movies lies in _________.
A．empathy of the audience B．the delicate film design
C．the adorable cartoon characters D．good taste of the audience
27．What's the best title of the passage
A．How to Make Unrealistic Stories Believable
B．How Do Disney Pixar Movies Make Us Cry
C．Why Are Human Easily Attracted by Movies
D．What Makes Disney Pixar Movies Successful
（2023高三下·开学考）
阅读理解
City parks have long been a place for urban
residents to get a small amount of green. As cities increasingly feel the impacts
of rising seas and temperatures, people are rethinking the roles of urban parks.
All of the dark-gray asphalt (沥青) in cities collect heat.
Dallas is one of the country's fastest-warming cities thanks in part to its extensive
impervious (不透水的) surfaces, but with a new $312 million
bond package, the city is hoping to change that. Using satellite data, the city
is able to see what neighborhoods most need the cooling effect of green spaces.
Cities are increasingly flooding and city
planners think parks can help with this issue too. A report published in February
by The Nature Conservancy looked at the best ways to deal with flooding in Houston,
a city with many neighborhoods built on floodplains and regularly flooded by rising
waters. Offering affected homeowners buyouts and transforming homes into green spaces
would save more money than installing infrastructure (基础设施) like pipes, they
found.
Brendan Shane, a climate program director,
says parks can create opportunities for people to exercise and play, in addition
to cooling neighborhoods and absorbing floodwater. "The stronger the bonds
are from neighbor to neighbor, the better they are able to react to a shock,"
he says.
"Not a single solution by itself will
avoid the climate crisis. We see parks as an important part of it, but there isn't
a silver bullet," says Diane Regas, CEO of The Trust for Public Land.
"Parks are an example of what we in the environmental community need to do
to reach solutions that address climate change at the same time and make people's
lives better."
28．What does the city Dallas want to deal with
A．The lack of green spaces. B．The way of collecting heat.
C．The effect of rising seas. D．The bond between neighborhoods.
29．What can be inferred from the report by The Nature Conservancy
A．Cities in the world are frequently flooded.
B．City parks may help prevent city flooding.
C．Cities needn't invest much money in infrastructure.
D．City parks affect people's choice of a neighborhood.
30．What does Brendan Shane say about parks
A．They can enable people to get over a shock.
B．They can reduce air pollution effectively.
C．They can perform positive social functions.
D．They can help people to keep a cool head.
31．What does the underlined phrase "a sliver bullet" in Paragraph 5 mean
A．A fast and effective solution. B．A successful example.
C．An immediate and clear cause. D．An impractical method.
（2023高三下·开学考）
阅读理解
In a study published in Nature Machine Intelligence, researchers
at Ohio State University show how artificial intelligence (AI) can follow clinical
trials to identify drugs for repurposing, a solution that can help advance innovative
treatments.
Repurposing drugs is legal and
not unusual. When doctors prescribe drugs that have been approved by the Food and
Drug Administration (FDA) for purposes different from what is printed on the labels,
the drugs are being used "off - label". Just because a drug is FDA - approved
for a specific type of disease does not prevent it from having possible benefits
for other purposes.
For example, Metformin, a drug
that is FDA - approved for treating type 2 diabetes, is also used to treat PCOS
(a disease of women), and other diseases. Trazodone, an anti - depressant with FDA
- approval to treat depression, is also prescribed by doctors to help treat patients
with sleep issues.
The Ohio State University research
team created an AI deep learning model for predicting treatment probability with
patient data including the treatment, outcomes , and potential confounders (干扰因素).
Confounders are related to the
exposure and outcome. For example , a connection is identified between music festivals
and increases in skin rashes (红疹). Music festivals do not directly cause skin rashes.
In this case, one possible confounding factor between the two may be outdoor heat,
as music festivals tend to run outdoors when the temperature is high, and heat is
a known cause for rashes. When working with real - world data, confounders could
number in the thousands. AI deep learning is well-suited to find patterns in the
complexity of potentially thousands of confounders.
The researcher team used confounders
including population data and co-prescribed drugs. With this proof -of-concept,
now clinicians have a powerful AI tool to rapidly discover new treatments by repurposing
existing medications.
32．What do we know about a drug used off-label
A．It is sold without a label.
B．It is available at a low price.
C．Its uses extend beyond the original.
D．Its clinical trials are rejected by doctors.
33．What do Metformin and Trazodone have in common
A．They are used off-label. B．They treat rare diseases.
C．They result in sleep issues. D．They are medical breakthroughs.
34．What can be inferred about "confounders"
A．They are possible treatments.
B．They are environmental factors.
C．They can be easily recognized in data.
D．They should be taken into consideration.
35．What is the main idea of the text
A．AI examines benefits of existing drugs.
B．AI identifies off-label uses for drugs.
C．AI proves the power of drug research.
D．AI finds new drugs for common diseases.
四、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
（2023高三下·开学考）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ways to Improve Yourself by 1% Each Day
Many people treat "life" as something that happens to them. They are the victim. 　36． 　 And then there are those who are clear on their goals. When something goes wrong, they are the first to admit where they went wrong. How can you live a life by design instead of by default
Set goals and actually achieve them
　37． 　 "New Year's Resolutions" are the worst (or best) example of this. It's easy to set goals, but very few people follow through with them to the end. People who live by design practice the habit of setting goals and actually achieving them. This constant practice is what allows them to set bigger and bigger goals and see them through to completion.
Surround yourself with people you want to be like
Choose your friends carefully. As they say, "　38． 　" Make sure that the individuals who occupy your life and time share your values. Ideally, these people should even be a little bit ahead of you, forcing you to stretch and continue to grow in the direction you'd like to go.
Don't be afraid to go your own way
When you go your own way, everyone will tell you that you're wrong at first. Everyone will point and share their opinion and then somewhere down the line, they will all come back around. 　39． 　 And they will ask you how you did it.
Practice discipline
In order for you to get to where you know you can go, you have to say "no" a hundred times more than you say the word "yes". 　40． 　 And the only way to do so is to have a strong sense of self-awareness and discipline.
A. Everybody sets goals.
B. They create the life they want to live.
C. Some people just don't know when to quit.
D. They will see the life you've built for yourself.
E. You must be faithful to yourself and your goal.
F. When things go wrong, it's someone else's fault.
G. You are a reflection of those who you spend the most time with.
五、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
（2023高三下·开学考）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Many years ago, I was working in an office in Halifax, Nova Scotia.
We had large 41． that
look out over a busy street. I was standing by one of those windows one day when
a woman in a 42． car
looked up and made eye contact. Naturally I 43． . As she turned and tried to identify me, a quiet laugh 44． my lips.My co-workers began taking
an interest, and stood back watching the 45． I received, and laughing happily.
Then the stress of work 46． away.
Christmas approached, and job 47． were announced. Several of my
co-workers were losing their jobs, and everyone was 48． . While I was working a night shift, a red jacket , a box of foam (泡沫橡胶) packing and strips
of tape in the corner attracted my 49． . They could be Santa's jacket and beard! Then I folded a red file into
a 50． and tied the beard to it.
The next day I walked 51． down into the office in the costume. My co-workers 52． around me and laughed for the first time in weeks. Suddenly, my boss
came to me, 53． , shook his head and then left. I feared
54． . Then the phone rang.
With a bead of sweat 55． my forehead, I entered the boss' office. 56． , he laughed: "Thanks, Mike! It's been hard to enjoy the Christmas
season. Thanks for the laugh. I 57． it."
That evening, I stood 58． by the window and waved at my
fans, with my heart 59． with joy. For a few minutes of that day, we'd been
able to forget our 60． .
41．A．balcony B．windows C．roof D．curtain
42．A．working B．wandering C．passing D．following
43．A．waved B．welcomed C．shouted D．shook
44．A．obtained B．locked C．grasped D．escaped
45．A．concerns B．feelings C．reactions D．actions
46．A．gave B．turned C．washed D．carried
47．A．loads B．time C．arrangement D．cuts
48．A．depressed B．excited C．confused D．awkward
49．A．notice B．attention C．appreciation D．consideration
50．A．jacket B．tie C．vest D．hat
51．A．sadly B．nervously C．embarrassedly D．bravely
52．A．got B．gathered C．turned D．presented
53．A．approached B．backed off C．stepped in D．paused
54．A．closure B．difficulty C．trouble D．mistake
55．A．pulling B．rolling down C．flowing D．moving on
56．A．lastly B．Thus C．Instead D．However
57．A．needed B．claimed C．declared D．shared
58．A．proudly B．carefully C．hopefully D．silently
59．A．filled B．covered C．equipped D．loaded
60．A．weakness B．faults C．losses D．changes
六、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2021·金华模拟）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Coffee
is probably world's least expensive success power tool to increase focus, drive
and even the life span. 　61． 　(fortunate)
we may not be enjoying its benefits or pleasure too much longer. According to
ecologists，there is a good chance 　62． 　 the varieties of coffee that we drink today 　63． 　(be) extinct in 20 or 30 years. The
problem, of course, is the pace of climate change.
Coffee
is a crop that is only grown in a thin band 　64． 　(call) the "coffee belt"
close to equator(赤道), which is extremely
vulnerable(易受...伤害的) to climate
change. If the air is too hot 　65． 　 too cold, it prevents the growth of coffee
plant. Climate change also creates 　66． 　(environment) stress, which spreads
pests and plant diseases. Almost all the coffee grown in the world today is one
of two species, arabica or robuasta, both of 　67． 　 might be wiped out in this way. There are
other species existing only in Ethiopia, 　68． 　country that climate change is
happening. In other words, climate change is eating away the root source that
we might turn to 　69． 　replacement
species.
What
to do Well, take the time 　70． 　(enjoy)
each cup of coffee you drink.
七、短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
71．（2023高三下·开学考）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1）每处错误及其修改均限一词。
2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
To enrich students school life and help us learn more about space exploration, our school organized a visit to the City Museum on the other day.
At the beginning, some pictures and videos about space exploration were shown to them. By watching them, we learned a lot about many great achievement that had been made in our country. The astronauts' devotion to the space exploration of our country leaves a deep impression on us. Afterwards, we experienced a life and work of astronauts, like how they do in our space station. All the teachers and students were very excited, try and touching everything.
Such a great success the activity that it was highly spoken of. Hopeful, there will be even more activities like this.
八、书面表达（满分25分）
72．（2023高三下·开学考）
假定你是李华，最近在准备英语课的演讲，主题为英国小说。请给你的英国朋友Mike写一封信，让他推荐一些阅读英国小说的网站，内容包括:
1）演讲主题；
2）对网站的要求；
3）期待回复。
注意:
1）写作词数应为80左右；
2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
答案解析部分
1．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Thomson helped me so much that I'm thinking of buying him a book of poetry.
M: I think you should get him a music CD. Just because he's an English teacher doesn't mean that all he does is read.
【分析】问题：男士建议女士给汤姆森买什么？根据“I think you should get him a music CD. ”我认为你应该给他一张音乐CD。故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
2．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: How far is this address from here, please
W: Turn left and you'll see a bus stop. Wait for Bus 4 and get off at the palace. The bookstore is next to the palace. You won't miss it.
【分析】问题：男士想去哪里？根据“The bookstore is next to the palace. You won't miss it.”书店在宫殿的旁边。你不会错过的。故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地去抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
3．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: When does the next train leave
W: You've just missed one by five minutes. Trains leave every 50 minutes, so you will have to wait for a while.
【分析】问题：男士要等多久才能等到下一班火车？根据“You've just missed one by five minutes. Trains leave every 50 minutes, so you will have to wait for a while.”你只差五分钟就错过了一次。火车每50分钟一班，所以你得等一会儿。故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，听录音前快速浏览选项，听录音时抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
4．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: I must be going now—I promised to pick up Nancy.
W: Since you're going to pick up Nancy from the fitness class, why don't you kill two birds with one stone and pick up Peter after his ballet class
【分析】问题：女士要求男士做什么？根据“why don't you kill two birds with one stone and pick up Peter after his ballet class ”你为什么不一举两得，在彼得上完芭蕾课后去接他呢？故选B。
【点评】考查对话型听力题。听前要快速浏览答语，理解答语意思，听时要注意力集中，选出答案。
5．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Julia and Anne have both taken dance lessons. They want to be a famous dancer, I think.
W: Yet Julia is not a patch on Anne because she's not as diligent and clever as Anne.
【分析】问题：女士是什么意思？根据“Yet Julia is not a patch on Anne because she's not as diligent and clever as Anne.”朱莉娅根本比不上安妮,因为她的刻苦和悟性都不如安妮，故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地去听关键词。
【答案】6．A
7．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Ahh! Can't these vehicles move any faster
W: No, not in a traffic jam like this. We are going nowhere.
M: It's getting late. We might have to spend a night in a motel.
W: We took a trip to New York City two years ago. Was there this much traffic
M: Not that I can remember. It's gotten worse.
W: I know. Check your phone and see if you can find a detour (绕道).
M: Let me see. OK, if we take exit 38 in two miles, there's another route.
W: Great! Let's do it.
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
6．问题：对话可能发生在哪里？根据“Ahh! Can't these vehicles move any faster ”Ahh！这些车辆不能再快一点吗？；以及“No, not in a traffic jam like this. We are going nowhere.”不，不是在这样的交通堵塞中。我们哪儿也不去。可推知他们在车里，故选A。
7．问题：谈话人接下来将做什么？根据“OK, if we take exit 38 in two miles, there's another route.”好的，如果我们在两英里内走38号出口，还有另一条路；以及“Great! Let's do it.”太棒了！我们来进行吧。故选B。
【答案】8．C
9．B
10．A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Hi Doris, this is Mike calling from Parker's Dentistry. I'm calling to confirm your appointment for tomorrow morning at 9 a.m. with Dr. Parker.
W: Oh, I almost forgot. Thank you for calling to remind me. Actually I do need to change the time of my appointment. I have an unexpected visitor tomorrow morning, and then a lunch meeting. Do you have anything available before 2 o'clock
M: Sorry ma'am. The only opening we have after lunch is 1:15, but I might be able to put you in after 4. Would that be a better time
W: Sorry, I have to make a daily report to my boss then. I think I should be able to make it at 1:15. Can you put me down for that time slot (时间空档)
M: No problem.
W: Thanks very much.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先阅读题目，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
8．问题：男士为什么给女士打电话？根据“ I'm calling to confirm your appointment for tomorrow morning at 9 a.m. with Dr. Parker.”我打电话是想确认你明天上午9点与帕克医生的预约。故选C。
9．问题：这位女士明天早上要做什么？根据“ I have an unexpected visitor tomorrow morning”明天早上我有个不速之客，故选B。
10．问题：女士什么时候去见帕克医生？根据“ I think I should be able to make it at 1:15. Can you put me down for that time slot (时间空档) ”我想我应该能在1点15分赶到。你能把我安排在那个时段吗？；以及“ No problem.”没问题，故选A。
【答案】11．C
12．B
13．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Hey, Rob. I just got a call from a friend. She wants to rent out her apartment.
M: Really How much is it
W: It's dirt cheap, only $100 a month, although that doesn't include electricity.
M: Fantastic. When can I take a look
W: Tonight if you want. However, there's one drawback.
M: What is it
W: It's on the sixth floor and the building doesn't have an elevator, just stairs.
M: Damn.
W: Look on the bright side. You'll get exercise running up and down all those steps.
M: I don't know. I hate climbing stairs. Tell you what, I'm off to the gym. I'll think about it while I'm doing my work out and get back to you tomorrow.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
11．问题：关于公寓，女士说了什么？根据“It's on the sixth floor and the building doesn't have an elevator”它在六楼，大楼没有电梯，故选C。
12．问题：男士下一步要做什么？根据“Tell you what, I'm off to the gym.”告诉你，我要去健身房了。故选B。
13．问题：谈话人之间可能的关系是什么？根据对话内容可知，他们是朋友，故选B。
【答案】14．A
15．C
16．B
17．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Both our countries are quite small. How would you describe the landscape in your country
M: My country is well known for being very flat. There're some hills in the southeast of the country. The hills rise to a height of a few hundred meters. There're mountains over 1,000 meters high in your country.
W: Yes, there are. They are not very big compared with the mountains in other countries.
M: The coast of your country is very varied. The coast of my country is just made up of sandy beaches.
W: That doesn't sound too bad. Great for sunbathing! The coast of my country changes even within a few kilometers. There are cliffs, then sandy beaches, then rocks.
M: There're many lakes and rivers in your country too. We also have many rivers, but only a few lakes.
W: We also have waterfalls in the mountains. They make the landscapes look very scenic.
【点评】考查细节理解，首先理解题干，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
14．问题：谈话人主要谈论什么？根据“How would you describe the landscape in your country ”你如何描述贵国的风景？故选A。
15．问题：男士的国家的山是什么样的？根据“ The hills rise to a height of a few hundred meters. ”这些山高达几百米。故选C。
16．问题：这位女士对她的国家海岸有什么看法？根据“The coast of your country is very varied.”你们国家的海岸线千姿百态。故选B。
17．问题：男士的国家有什么？根据“The coast of my country changes even within a few kilometers. There are cliffs, then sandy beaches, then rocks.”我国的海岸甚至在几公里内就发生了变化。有悬崖，然后是沙滩，然后是岩石；以及“We also have many rivers, but only a few lakes.”我们也有很多河流，但仅有几个湖泊。故选C。
【答案】18．A
19．C
20．A
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】 W: A tortoise named Tommy has become the world's oldest living pet after celebrating her 121st birthday this week. The endangered Hermann's tortoise has been in the same British family since she was purchased for 1 in 1909. It was when Tommy was 11 years old that she was purchased by Sheila's grandmother Margaret Cloonan. Sheila Floris has been caring for Tommy since she was 5 years old and said the beloved pet was mistaken for a boy until she began laying eggs. Sheila says Tommy has never been taken to the vet, and she owes Tommy's excellent bill of health to plenty of love and a healthy diet of garden weeds.
Most Hermann's tortoises typically live to be 50 and are native to Turkey, eastern Italy and Greece. They were listed as an endangered species in 2012 and are known for having individual personalities and developing a bond with their owners, according to .
【点评】考查听力理解能力，首先看懂问题，然后根据问题在文中找出依据，选出正确答案。
18．问题： Tommy 是什么时候出生的？根据“The endangered Hermann's tortoise has been in the same British family since she was purchased for 1 in 1909. It was when Tommy was 11 years old that she was purchased by Sheila's grandmother Margaret Cloonan. ”这只濒临灭绝的赫尔曼龟自1909年以1英镑的价格被收购以来，一直属于同一个英国家庭。当Tommy11岁时，她被希拉的祖母玛格丽特·科洛南买下。可推知Tommy出生在1898年，故选A。
19．问题： Sheila 把 Tommy 的健康归功于什么？根据“and she owes Tommy's excellent bill of health to plenty of love and a healthy diet of garden weeds.”她把Tommy的健康账单归功于充足的爱和花园杂草的健康饮食。故选C。
20．问题：我们对赫尔曼的龟有什么了解？根据“They were listed as an endangered species in 2012 ”2012年，它们被列为濒危物种，故选A。
【答案】21．B
22．C
23．D
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个安卓系统的学习应用程序。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
21．考查细节理解。根据Forest部分中的"One of the biggest distractions during study is your smartphone. Forest helps put a stop to that.”学习时最大的干扰之一就是你的智能手机。Forest有助于阻止发生这种情况)"可知，Forest的特别之处是能够帮助你集中注意力。故选B。
22．考查细节理解。根据 Quizlet 部分中的"Quizlet is one of the most popular flashcard apps for language learning.” Quizlet是最受欢迎的语言学习抽认卡应用程序之一，可知，Quizlet是为语言学习者设计的。故选C。
23．考查细节理解。根据 Brainly 部分中的"Price: Free/15per3months/24 per year”价格: 免费/3个月15美元/每年24美元； Forest 部分中的"Price: Free/Up to 1.99”价格: 免费/最高1.99美元； Google Play Books 部分中的"Price: Freeapp, bookcostsvary”价格: 免费的应用程序，书的价格不同；以及 Quizlet 部分中的"Price:Free/19.99 per year”价格: 免费/$19.99每年。可知，这四个应用程序的共同点是都要收取一些服务费。故选D。
【答案】24．C
25．C
26．A
27．B
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了皮克斯电影感动观众的原因。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
24．考查细节理解。根据第五段中的"the fact that they address problems that are central to our own lives. Pixar addresses real human matters such as family, friendship, death, loss, and the highly realistic emotions that such events evoke in our life.”他们解决的问题与我们的生活息息相关。皮克斯讲述的是真实的人类问题，如家庭、友谊、死亡、失去，以及这些事件在我们生活中唤起的高度现实的情感。可知，皮克斯电影解决的问题都是围绕着我们的生活，讨论真正与人有关的问题，如家庭、友谊、死亡、失去和一些尤为真实的情感。而 political issues“政治问题”，文章中未提及其是否在皮克斯电影中有所涉及。故选C。
25．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"The magical ingredient is the realistic portrayal of the complex emotional lives of the characters.”其神奇之处在于对人物复杂情感生活的逼真刻画；以及第五段中的"What makes Pixar's highly unrealistic stories believable is the fact that they address problems that are central to our own lives.”皮克斯极不现实的故事之所以可信，是因为它们解决了我们生活中的核心问题。可知，在皮克斯电影中，人类复杂的情感生活和生活中出现的真实问题都展现得淋漓尽致。故选C。
26．考查细节理解。根据第六段中的"The effect of the story thus depends on the human capacity to empathize with others.”因此，故事的效果取决于人类对他人的移情能力；以及"The fact that empathy is learned and developed through life may well be the reason why these movies are entertaining for kids but rather devastating and heart-crushing for adults.”同理心是在生活中学习和发展的，这可能就是为什么这些电影对孩子来说很有趣，但对成年人来说却是毁灭性和心碎的原因。可知，皮克斯电影获得成功的关键原因很可能是观众具备共情的能力。故选A。
27．考查主旨大意。从第三段开始讨论的都是皮克斯电影之所以让人动情的原因；以及最后一段中的"The stories appeal to our deepest emotions and, thus, make us cry. Because, essentially, Pixar stories are about us.”这些故事触动了我们最深层的情感，因此，让我们哭泣。因为，本质上，皮克斯的故事是关于我们的。“迪士尼皮克斯电影是如何让我们哭的？"概括了文章主要内容，适合做文章的标题。故选B。
【答案】28．A
29．B
30．C
31．A
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；日常生活类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，随着城市出现的问题，人们正在重新思考城市公园的作用，让公园成为人们锻炼和玩耍、为社区降温和吸收洪水的地方。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
28．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"All of the dark-gray asphalt (沥青) in cities collect heat. Dallas is one of the country's fastest-warming cities thanks in part to its extensive impervious (不透水的) surfaces ”城市里所有的深灰色沥青都会收集热量。达拉斯是美国变暖速度最快的城市之一；以及"Using satellite data, the city is able to see what neighborhoods most need the cooling effect of green spaces.”利用卫星数据，该市能够看到哪些社区最需要绿地的降温效果。可知，达拉斯是美国变暖速度最快的城市之一，需要绿地来降温，可得出达拉斯市要应对缺乏绿地的问题。故选A。
29．考查推理判断。根据第三段"Cities are increasingly flooding and city planners think parks can help with this issue too. A report published in February by The Nature Conservancy looked at the best ways to deal with flooding in Houston, a city with many neighborhoods built on floodplains and regularly flooded by rising waters. Offering affected homeowners buyouts and transforming homes into green spaces would save more money than installing infrastructure (基础设施) like pipes, they found. ”城市越来越多地被洪水淹没，城市规划者认为公园也可以帮助解决这个问题。2月，自然保护协会发布了一份报告，探讨了应对休斯敦洪水的最佳方法，休斯敦市的许多社区都建在洪泛平原上，经常被上涨的洪水淹没。他们发现，与安装管道等基础设施相比，为受影响的房主提供买断，并将房屋改造成绿色空间，将节省更多资金。可知，针对像休斯敦这样容易被洪水淹没的城市，应对洪水的最佳方法是建设更多的绿色空间，可得出城市公园可能有助于防止城市洪水。故选B。
30．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"Brendan Shane, a climate program director, says parks can create opportunities for people to exercise and play, in addition to cooling neighborhoods and absorbing floodwater.”气候项目主任布伦丹·沙恩说，公园可以为人们创造锻炼和玩耍的机会，此外还可以为社区降温和吸收洪水。可知，布伦丹·沙恩认为城市公园于人与社会都有好处，城市公园可以发挥积极的社会功能。故选C。
31．考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的"Not a single solution by itself will avoid the climate crisis. We see parks as an important part of it, but there isn't a silver bullet ”没有一个单一的解决方案能够避免气候危机。我们认为公园是其中的一个重要部分，但没有什么a silver bullet；以及"Parks are an example of what we in the environmental community need to do to reach solutions that address climate change at the same time and make people's lives better.”公园是我们环保界需要做的事情的一个例子，以达成解决方案，同时应对气候变化，改善人们的生活。可知，应对气候危机没有单一的解决方案，建设城市公园只是应对气候危机的一环，总之没有快速有效的解决方案，a sliver bullet在此处意为"快速有效的解决方案。故选A。
【答案】32．C
33．A
34．D
35．B
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在《自然机器智能》杂志上发表的一项研究中，俄亥俄州立大学的研究人员展示了人工智能（AI）如何能够跟踪临床试验，识别用于重新使用的药物，这一解决方案有助于推动创新治疗。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
32．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"When doctors prescribe drugs that have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for purposes different from what is printed on the labels, the drugs are being used "off - label". Just because a drug is FDA - approved for a specific type of disease does not prevent it from having possible benefits for other purposes.”如果医生开出的药物是经食品和药物管理局（FDA）批准的，其目的与标签上的目的不同，那么这些药物就被"标示外"使用了，仅仅因为一种药物被FDA批准用于特定类型的疾病并不妨碍它在其他用途上可能产生的益处。可推断，"标示外"药物的用途超出了原来的用途。故选C。
33．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"the drugs are being used‘off - label’. Just because a drug is FDA - approved for a specific type of disease does not prevent it from having possible benefits for other purposes.”这些药物被"标示外"使用，仅仅因为一种药物被FDA批准用于某种特定类型的疾病，并不妨碍它在其他用途上可能有好处；以及第三段"For example, Metformin, a drug that is FDA - approved for treating type 2 diabetes, is also used to treat PCOS (a disease of women), and other diseases. Trazodone, an anti - depressant with FDA - approval to treat depression, is also prescribed by doctors to help treat patients with sleep issues.”例如，FDA批准用于治疗2型糖尿病的药物二甲双胍，也用于治疗多囊卵巢综合征（一种女性疾病）和其他疾病。曲唑酮是一种经美国食品及药物管理局（FDA）批准用于治疗抑郁症的抗抑郁药，医生也会开它来帮助治疗睡眠问题患者。可知，二甲双胍和曲唑酮的相似之处是这两种药物都在适应症外使用（标示外使用）。故选 A。
34．考查推理判断。根据第五段中的"When working with real - world data, confounders could number in the thousands. AI deep learning is well-suited to find patterns in the complexity of potentially thousands of confounders.”在处理真实世界的数据时，干扰因素可能多达数千个。AI深度学习非常适合在潜在的成千万的干扰因素混合物中寻找模式。可推断，干扰因素应该被认真地考虑。故选D。
35．考查主旨大意。根据第一段"In a study published in Nature Machine Intelligence, researchers at Ohio State University show how artificial intelligence (AI) can follow clinical trials to identify drugs for repurposing, a solution that can help advance innovative treatments.”在《自然机器智能》杂志上发表的一项研究中，俄亥俄州立大学的研究人员展示了人工智能（AI）如何能够跟踪临床试验，识别用于重新使用的药物，这一解决方案有助于推动创新治疗。再结合下文内容可知，文章主要讲述人工智能识别药物标示外用途。故选B。
【答案】36．F；37．A；38．G；39．D；40．E
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了四个每天提高自己1%的方法。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读， 要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
36．根据空前"Many people treat "life" as something that happens to them. They are the victim.”许多人把"生活"看成发生在他们身上的事情。他们是受害者；以及空后"And then there are those who are clear on their goals. When something goes wrong, they are the first to admit where they went wrong. ”还有一些人很清楚自己的目标。当出现问题时，他们是第一个承认错误的人。可知，上文提到许多人把自己当成受害者，后文则提到了主动承认错误的人，即本句承接上文进一步解释: 当事情出错时，都是别人的错。F. When things go wrong, it's someone else's fault."当事情出错时，是别人的错"符合语境，故选F。
37．根据空后"‘New Year's Resolutions’ are the worst (or best) example of this. It's easy to set goals, but very few people follow through with them to the end. People who live by design practice the habit of setting goals and actually achieving them. This constant practice is what allows them to set bigger and bigger goals and see them through to completion.”"新年决心"是最坏（或最好）的例子。设定目标很容易，但很少有人会坚持到底。设计型的人养成了设定目标并实现目标的习惯。这种持续的练习能让他们设定越来越大的目标，并坚持到底。可知，本段主要是关于设定目标并实现的问题，A选项中sets goals对应后文中set goals。 A. Everybody sets goals. "每个人都有自己的目标"符合语境，故选A。
38．根据空前"Choose your friends carefully.”慎重选择你的朋友；以及空后"Make sure that the individuals who occupy your life and time share your values. Ideally, these people should even be a little bit ahead of you, forcing you to stretch and continue to grow in the direction you'd like to go.”确保那些占据你生活和时间的人与你有共同的价值观。理想情况下，这些人甚至应该走在你前面一点，迫使你伸展并继续朝着你想要的方向发展。可知，本段指出交友慎重，选择自己想成为那样子的人作为朋友，所以此处应该填: 你经常相处的朋友能看出你是一个怎样的人或者想成为怎样的一个人。 G. You are a reflection of those who you spend the most time with. "你能反映出你和谁在一起的时间最多"符合语境，故选G。
39．根据空前"When you go your own way, everyone will tell you that you're wrong at first. Everyone will point and share their opinion and then somewhere down the line, they will all come back around.”当你走自己的路时，每个人一开始都会说你错了。每个人都会指出并分享他们的观点，然后在某个时候，他们都会回过头来；以及空后"And they will ask you how you did it.”他们会问你是怎么做到的。可知，从上文可知，不要拘泥于别人的说辞，要坚持自己的选择。那些最初极力反对的人后来也会见证你的选择，并惊叹你所做到的一切。 D. They will see the life you've built for yourself. "他们会看到你为自己建立的生活"符合语境，故选D。
40．根据空前"In order for you to get to where you know you can go, you have to say ‘no’ a hundred times more than you say the word ‘yes’.”为了让你到达你知道你能到达的地方，你说"不"的次数要比你说"是"的次数多百倍；以及空后"And the only way to do so is to have a strong sense of self-awareness and discipline.”而要做到这一点，唯一的方法就是要有强烈的自我意识和纪律性。可知，本段主旨是要忠于做自己，忠于既定目标，我们必须要有强烈的自我意识和原则性纪律性。 E. You must be faithful to yourself and your goal. "你必须忠于你自己和你的目标"符合语境，故选E。
【答案】41．B；42．C；43．A；44．D；45．C；46．C；47．D；48．A；49．B；50．D；51．D；52．B；53．D；54．C；55．B；56．D；57．A；58．A；59．A；60．C
【知识点】记叙文；人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者由于工作的地方靠着一条繁忙的街道，并且办公室有一个大的窗子，所以他可以通过窗子向下俯瞰。因此在不忙时，他和路人打招呼。临近圣诞节，公司裁员，同事们都很沮丧，但作者用红色的夹克衫改做了一件圣诞老人的衣服，到公司穿上给同事和老板带来了快乐，也缓解了公司同事因裁员带来的紧张感。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
41．句意：我们有可以俯瞰繁忙街道的大窗户。A. balcony“阳台”；B. windows“窗户”；C. roof“房顶”；D. curtain“窗帘”。根据下文“I was standing by one of those windows”我站在一扇窗户旁边，可知此处指窗户，故选B。
42．句意：有一天我正站在一扇窗户的旁边，突然一位坐在经过车辆中的女士和我对视了。A. working“工作的”；B. wandering“游荡的”；C. passing“经过的”；D. following“尾随的，接下来的”。根据上文“a busy street”. 可知此处指经过的车辆，故选C。
43．句意：自然而然地，当她转过来并且试图认出我时，我向她挥手，同时我的嘴角不自觉地上扬。A. waved“挥手”；B. welcomed“欢迎”；C. shouted“大叫”；D. shook“摇动”。根据下文“I stood 18 by the window and waved at my fans可知此处指挥手，故选A。
44．句意：自然而然地，当她转过来并且试图认出我时，我向她挥手，同时我的嘴角不自觉地上扬。A. obtained“获得”；B. locked“锁”；C. grasped“抓”；D. escaped“声音不自觉的发出来”。根据下文”and laughing happily”可知作者笑了，此处用 “不自觉地嘴角上扬”，故选D。
45．句意：我的同事开始感兴趣，都站到我身后观察我得到的回应，然后愉快地笑了。A. concerns“担心”；B. feelings“感情”；C. reactions“反映，回应”；D. actions“行为”。根据上文的“Naturally I 3 as she turned and tried to identify me, a quiet laugh 4 my lips. ”可知作者和女士有互动，所以同事过来看她的回应。故选C。
46．句意：然后一整天的工作压力都被消除了。A. give“给”；B. turned“翻转”；C. washed“洗”；D. put“放。根据下文“Several of my co-workers were losing their jobs”可知作者和同事最近压力比较大，能够通过这件事开心一笑，所有的压力都消除。wash away固定短语，“清除”，故选C。
47．句意：圣诞节临近了，公司宣布了裁员。A. loads“负荷”；B. time“时间”；C. arrangement“安排”；D. cuts“消减”。根据下文的“Several of my co-workers were losing their jobs”可知作者的公司在裁员。故选D。
48．句意：我的几个同事都失去了工作，每个人都很压抑。A. depressed“沮丧的”；B. excited“兴奋的”；C. confused“困惑的”；D. awkward“尴尬的”。根据空前“Several of my co-workers were losing their jobs”可知此处用 “失落的/压抑的” 符合语境。故选A。
49．句意：当我值夜班的时候，在角落里的一件红色夹克，一盒泡沫包装和几条胶带引起了我的注意。A. notice“注意到”；B. attention“关注”；C. appreciation“感激，欣赏”；D. consideration“考虑”。attract one's attention固定短语，“吸引某人的注意力”。故选B。
50．句意：然后我把一张红色的文件纸折成一顶帽子然后把胡须系在上面。A. jacket“夹克”；B. tie“领带”；C. vest“背心”；D. hat“帽子”。根据语境可知作者在制作圣诞老人的穿着，帽子上要贴上胡子。故选D。
51．句意：第二天我穿着圣诞老人的服装勇敢地走进办公室。A. sadly“悲伤地”；B. nervously“紧张地”；C. embarrassedly“尴尬地”；D. bravely“勇敢地”。根据语境可知，此处指勇敢地走进办公室，故选D。
52．句意：我的同事都聚过来看我，这是几个星期来第一次笑。A. got“得到，变得”；B. gathered“聚集”；C. turned“转身”；D. presented“呈现”。根据语境，因为作者的穿着很特别，所以大家都围聚过来看他。故选B。
53．句意：突然老板朝我走来，暂停了一下，摇摇头然后就走了。A. approached“接近”；B. backed off“后退”；C. stepped in“踏入”；D. paused“暂停”。根据下文的“I feared”可推测老板特意停下来观察了作者，让作者误以为老板生气了，所以很害怕。故选D。
54．句意：我担心会有麻烦。A. responsibility“责任”；B. difficulty“困难”；C. trouble“麻烦”；D. mistake“错误”。根据语境，老板看到作者扮成圣诞老人，作者担心惹麻烦。故选C。
55．句意：我进入老板的办公室，大滴的汗珠从额头上滚下来。A. pulling“拉”；B. rolling down“滚下”；C. flowing“流”；D. move on“继续前进”。根据上文的：“I feared 14 　. “可知此处指汗珠滚下来，故选B。
56．句意：然而他却笑着说：“谢谢你，迈克！” A. Lastly“最终”；B. Thus“因此”；C. Instead“相反地”；D. However“然而”。根据上文“With a bead of sweat 15 my forehead”, 和此句是转折关系。故选D。
57．句意：谢谢给我带来的笑容，我需要它。A. needed“需要”；B. claimed “宣称”；C. declared“宣布”；D. shared“分享”。根据上文“It's been hard to enjoy the Christmas season. Thanks for the laugh”可知此处指我需要它，故选A。
58．句意：那天傍晚，我骄傲地站在窗前，朝我的粉丝挥手，我的内心充满了喜悦。A. proudly“骄傲地”；B. carefully“仔细地”；C. hopefully“充满希望地”；D. silently“安静地”。根据上文“Thanks for the laugh. I 17 it.”可知作者受到了老板的表扬，所以此处表示骄傲地，故选A。
59．句意：那天傍晚，我骄傲地站在窗前，朝我的粉丝挥手，我的内心充满了喜悦。A. filled“充满”；B. covered“覆盖”；C. equipped“装备”； D. loaded“装载”。根据语境，因为受到表扬所以内心充满喜悦。故选A。
60．句意：那天有那么几分钟我们忘记了我们失去的东西。A. weakness“弱点”；B. faults“错误”；C. losses“失去”；D. changes“改变”。根据上文的“Several of my co-workers were losing their jobs”可知此处表示失去的东西。故选C。
【答案】61．Unfortunately；62．that；63．will be；64．called；65．or；66．environmental；67．which；68．a；69．for；70．to enjoy
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了气候变化对咖啡树的影响，有可能导致咖啡二三十年后灭绝。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及副词，同位语从句，时态，非谓语动词，连词，形容词，定语从句，冠词，介词等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
61．句意：咖啡可能是世界上最便宜的成功工具，可以增加注意力、动力，甚至延长寿命。不幸的是，我们可能不会享受它的好处或快乐太久。修饰整句应用副词，根据“we may not be enjoying its benefits or pleasure too much longer”句意可知，应是“不幸的是”。大写句子首字母，故填Unfortunately。
62．句意：生态学家认为，我们今天喝的各种咖啡很有可能在二三十年后灭绝。分析句子可知，空格处引导同位语从句，作chance的同位语，同位语中结构完整，应用没有实际意义的that引导，不可省略。故填that。
63．句意：生态学家认为，我们今天喝的各种咖啡很有可能在二三十年后灭绝。根据句意和时间状语in 20 or 30 years可知，应用一般将来时，will+动词原形，表示将来要发生的事情。故填will be。
64．句意：咖啡是一种只生长在赤道附近被称为“咖啡带”的狭长地带的作物，这一地带极易受到气候变化的影响。call和所修饰的名词短语a thin band之间是被动关系，用其过去分词作后置定语。故填called。
65．句意：如果空气太热或太冷，都会阻碍咖啡树的生长。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处应用连词or“或者”连接两个表语，符合句意。故填or。
66．句意：气候变化还造成环境压力，从而传播病虫害和植物疾病。根据空格后名词stress可知，此处应用environment的形容词作定语修饰名词。故填environmental。
67．句意：今天世界上几乎所有的咖啡都是两种咖啡中的一种，阿拉比卡咖啡和罗布阿斯塔咖啡，这两种咖啡都可能以这种方式被消灭。分析句子可知，第二个逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词为two species, arabica or robuasta,关系代词which替代先行词，指物，作介词of的宾语，both of which在从句中作主语。故填which。
68．句意：其他物种只存在于埃塞俄比亚，一个正在发生气候变化的国家。名词country“国家”为可数名词单数泛指概念，应用不定冠词限定，因以辅音音素开头，故填a。
69．句意：换句话说，气候变化正在侵蚀我们可能寻求（转向）替代物种的根源。分析句子可知，that引导定语从句，先行词为the root source，拆解定语从句为：we might turn to the root source 6 replacement species，turn to sb/sth for sth固定短语，“为某事寻求某人或某物（帮忙）”，故填for。
70．句意：要做什么吗？好吧，花时间享受你喝的每一杯咖啡。根据句意可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，take time to do sth，固定短语，“花时间做........”。故填to enjoy。
71．【答案】①students →students' ②删除on ③them →us ④achievement →achievements ⑤leaves →left ⑥a →the ⑦how →what ⑧try →trying ⑨success后添加was ⑩Hopeful →Hopefully
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者学校一次参观城市博物馆的活动。①句意：为了丰富学生的校园生活，帮助我们更多地了解太空探索，我们学校前几天组织了一次参观城市博物馆的活动。此处students与school life为所属关系，应用名词所有格。故students改为students'。
②句意：为了丰富学生的校园生活，帮助我们更多地了解太空探索，我们学校前几天组织了一次参观城市博物馆的活动。结合句意表示"前几天"短语为the other day，前面不需要介词。故删除on。
③句意：一开始，我们看到了一些关于太空探索的图片和视频。此处指"我们看到"应用代词us。故them改为us。
④句意：通过观看他们，我们了解了我们国家许多伟大的成就。achievement为可数名词，由many修饰，应用复数形式。故achievement改为achievements。
⑤句意：宇航员对我国太空探索的奉献给我们留下了深刻的印象。句子描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故leaves改为left。
⑥句意：之后，我们体验了宇航员的生活和工作，比如他们在我们的空间站做什么。此处特指宇航员的生活和工作，应用定冠词。故a改为the。
⑦句意：之后，我们体验了宇航员的生活和工作，比如他们在我们的空间站做什么。此处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指事情，应用what。故how改为what。
⑧句意：所有的老师和学生都很兴奋，尝试和触摸一切。try在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语All the teachers and students构成主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故try改为trying。
⑨句意：活动取得了巨大的成功，受到了高度评价。此处主句缺少谓语，表示"巨大成功"短语为be a great success，主语为the activity，时态为一般过去时。故success后添加was。
⑩句意：希望今后还会有更多这样的活动。修饰后文整个句子，应用副词hopefully。故Hopeful改为Hopefully。
【点评】考查短文改错，本题考点涉及名词，介词，代词，时态，冠词，宾语从句，非谓语动词以及副词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
72．【答案】Dear Mike,
How is everything going I've been occupied with the preparation for a speech in my English class, whose theme is about British novels and I badly need your help to recommend a website to me.
The website should focus on British novels, which exposes readers to classic British novels with their authors and creation background included. Also texts about some famous chapters with relevant pictures and videos are preferred. Of course, what's on the website is expected to be easily accessible and downloaded.
Thanks in advance and I'm looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份给你的英国朋友Mike写一封信，让他推荐一些阅读英国小说的网站 。写作背景： 最近在准备英语课的演讲，主题为英国小说。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）演讲主题；2）对网站的要求；3）期待回复。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：I've been occupied with the preparation for a speech in my English class, whose theme is about British novels and I badly need your help to recommend a website to me.运用了非限制性定语从句，宾语从句；The website should focus on British novels, which exposes readers to classic British novels with their authors and creation background included. 运用了非限制性定语从句； Of course, what's on the website is expected to be easily accessible and downloaded.运用了主语从句，被动语态；Thanks in advance and I'm looking forward to your early reply.运用了并列句。
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高中英语2022-2023学年高三下学期开学摸底考试卷A（全国甲卷）（含小段音频）
一、听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
1．（2023高三下·开学考）What does the man suggest the woman buy for Thomson
A．A music CD B．A book of poetry. C．An English novel.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Thomson helped me so much that I'm thinking of buying him a book of poetry.
M: I think you should get him a music CD. Just because he's an English teacher doesn't mean that all he does is read.
【分析】问题：男士建议女士给汤姆森买什么？根据“I think you should get him a music CD. ”我认为你应该给他一张音乐CD。故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
2．（2023高三下·开学考）Where does the man want to go
A．A bus station. B．A palace. C．A bookstore.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: How far is this address from here, please
W: Turn left and you'll see a bus stop. Wait for Bus 4 and get off at the palace. The bookstore is next to the palace. You won't miss it.
【分析】问题：男士想去哪里？根据“The bookstore is next to the palace. You won't miss it.”书店在宫殿的旁边。你不会错过的。故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地去抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
3．（2023高三下·开学考）How long does the man have to wait for the next train
A．5 minutes. B．45 minutes. C．50 minutes.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: When does the next train leave
W: You've just missed one by five minutes. Trains leave every 50 minutes, so you will have to wait for a while.
【分析】问题：男士要等多久才能等到下一班火车？根据“You've just missed one by five minutes. Trains leave every 50 minutes, so you will have to wait for a while.”你只差五分钟就错过了一次。火车每50分钟一班，所以你得等一会儿。故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，听录音前快速浏览选项，听录音时抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
4．（2023高三下·开学考）What does the woman ask the man to do
A．Take the fitness class.
B．Pick up Peter.
C．Give her a ride.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: I must be going now—I promised to pick up Nancy.
W: Since you're going to pick up Nancy from the fitness class, why don't you kill two birds with one stone and pick up Peter after his ballet class
【分析】问题：女士要求男士做什么？根据“why don't you kill two birds with one stone and pick up Peter after his ballet class ”你为什么不一举两得，在彼得上完芭蕾课后去接他呢？故选B。
【点评】考查对话型听力题。听前要快速浏览答语，理解答语意思，听时要注意力集中，选出答案。
5．（2023高三下·开学考）What does the woman mean
A．Anne is cleverer and more diligent than Julia.
B．Julia doesn't want to be a dancer.
C．Anne and Julia are both famous.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Julia and Anne have both taken dance lessons. They want to be a famous dancer, I think.
W: Yet Julia is not a patch on Anne because she's not as diligent and clever as Anne.
【分析】问题：女士是什么意思？根据“Yet Julia is not a patch on Anne because she's not as diligent and clever as Anne.”朱莉娅根本比不上安妮,因为她的刻苦和悟性都不如安妮，故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地去听关键词。
二、听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
（2023高三下·开学考）
听材料，回答问题。
6．Where does the conversation probably take place
A．In a car. B．At home. C．In a hotel.
7．What will the speakers do next
A．Check a map. B．Find another route. C．Book a room.
【答案】6．A
7．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Ahh! Can't these vehicles move any faster
W: No, not in a traffic jam like this. We are going nowhere.
M: It's getting late. We might have to spend a night in a motel.
W: We took a trip to New York City two years ago. Was there this much traffic
M: Not that I can remember. It's gotten worse.
W: I know. Check your phone and see if you can find a detour (绕道).
M: Let me see. OK, if we take exit 38 in two miles, there's another route.
W: Great! Let's do it.
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
6．问题：对话可能发生在哪里？根据“Ahh! Can't these vehicles move any faster ”Ahh！这些车辆不能再快一点吗？；以及“No, not in a traffic jam like this. We are going nowhere.”不，不是在这样的交通堵塞中。我们哪儿也不去。可推知他们在车里，故选A。
7．问题：谈话人接下来将做什么？根据“OK, if we take exit 38 in two miles, there's another route.”好的，如果我们在两英里内走38号出口，还有另一条路；以及“Great! Let's do it.”太棒了！我们来进行吧。故选B。
（2023高三下·开学考）
听材料，回答问题。
8．Why does the man call the woman
A．To make an appointment.
B．To put off an appointment.
C．To confirm an appointment.
9．What will the woman do tomorrow morning
A．Attend a meeting. B．Receive a visitor. C．Work on a report.
10．When will the woman see Dr. Parker
A．At 1:15 p.m. B．At 2:00 p.m. C．At 4:00 p.m.
【答案】8．C
9．B
10．A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Hi Doris, this is Mike calling from Parker's Dentistry. I'm calling to confirm your appointment for tomorrow morning at 9 a.m. with Dr. Parker.
W: Oh, I almost forgot. Thank you for calling to remind me. Actually I do need to change the time of my appointment. I have an unexpected visitor tomorrow morning, and then a lunch meeting. Do you have anything available before 2 o'clock
M: Sorry ma'am. The only opening we have after lunch is 1:15, but I might be able to put you in after 4. Would that be a better time
W: Sorry, I have to make a daily report to my boss then. I think I should be able to make it at 1:15. Can you put me down for that time slot (时间空档)
M: No problem.
W: Thanks very much.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先阅读题目，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
8．问题：男士为什么给女士打电话？根据“ I'm calling to confirm your appointment for tomorrow morning at 9 a.m. with Dr. Parker.”我打电话是想确认你明天上午9点与帕克医生的预约。故选C。
9．问题：这位女士明天早上要做什么？根据“ I have an unexpected visitor tomorrow morning”明天早上我有个不速之客，故选B。
10．问题：女士什么时候去见帕克医生？根据“ I think I should be able to make it at 1:15. Can you put me down for that time slot (时间空档) ”我想我应该能在1点15分赶到。你能把我安排在那个时段吗？；以及“ No problem.”没问题，故选A。
（2023高三下·开学考）
听材料，回答问题。
11．What does the woman say about the apartment
A．It is a little expensive.
B．Its rent includes electricity.
C．It doesn't have an elevator.
12．What is the man going to do next
A．See the apartment. B．Go to the gym. C．Work overtime.
13．What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Husband and wife. B．Friends. C．Landlord and renter.
【答案】11．C
12．B
13．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Hey, Rob. I just got a call from a friend. She wants to rent out her apartment.
M: Really How much is it
W: It's dirt cheap, only $100 a month, although that doesn't include electricity.
M: Fantastic. When can I take a look
W: Tonight if you want. However, there's one drawback.
M: What is it
W: It's on the sixth floor and the building doesn't have an elevator, just stairs.
M: Damn.
W: Look on the bright side. You'll get exercise running up and down all those steps.
M: I don't know. I hate climbing stairs. Tell you what, I'm off to the gym. I'll think about it while I'm doing my work out and get back to you tomorrow.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
11．问题：关于公寓，女士说了什么？根据“It's on the sixth floor and the building doesn't have an elevator”它在六楼，大楼没有电梯，故选C。
12．问题：男士下一步要做什么？根据“Tell you what, I'm off to the gym.”告诉你，我要去健身房了。故选B。
13．问题：谈话人之间可能的关系是什么？根据对话内容可知，他们是朋友，故选B。
（2023高三下·开学考）
听材料，回答问题。
14．What are the speakers mainly talking about
A．The landscapes in their countries.
B．The famous scenic spots in their countries.
C．The good places for sports in their countries.
15．What are the hills like in the man's country
A．They are extremely high.
B．They are in the southwest of the country.
C．They are all less than 1,000 meters high.
16．What does the woman think of her country's coast
A．It is long. B．It is varied. C．It is flat.
17．What does the man's country have
A．Many lakes. B．Many waterfalls. C．Many rivers.
【答案】14．A
15．C
16．B
17．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Both our countries are quite small. How would you describe the landscape in your country
M: My country is well known for being very flat. There're some hills in the southeast of the country. The hills rise to a height of a few hundred meters. There're mountains over 1,000 meters high in your country.
W: Yes, there are. They are not very big compared with the mountains in other countries.
M: The coast of your country is very varied. The coast of my country is just made up of sandy beaches.
W: That doesn't sound too bad. Great for sunbathing! The coast of my country changes even within a few kilometers. There are cliffs, then sandy beaches, then rocks.
M: There're many lakes and rivers in your country too. We also have many rivers, but only a few lakes.
W: We also have waterfalls in the mountains. They make the landscapes look very scenic.
【点评】考查细节理解，首先理解题干，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
14．问题：谈话人主要谈论什么？根据“How would you describe the landscape in your country ”你如何描述贵国的风景？故选A。
15．问题：男士的国家的山是什么样的？根据“ The hills rise to a height of a few hundred meters. ”这些山高达几百米。故选C。
16．问题：这位女士对她的国家海岸有什么看法？根据“The coast of your country is very varied.”你们国家的海岸线千姿百态。故选B。
17．问题：男士的国家有什么？根据“The coast of my country changes even within a few kilometers. There are cliffs, then sandy beaches, then rocks.”我国的海岸甚至在几公里内就发生了变化。有悬崖，然后是沙滩，然后是岩石；以及“We also have many rivers, but only a few lakes.”我们也有很多河流，但仅有几个湖泊。故选C。
（2023高三下·开学考）
听材料，回答问题。
18．When was Tommy born
A．In 1898. B．In 1909. C．In 1911.
19．To what does Sheila owe Tommy's health
A．Help from the vet.
B．Large amounts of nursing fee.
C．Love and a healthy diet.
20．What do we know about Hermann's tortoises
A．They are endangered now.
B．They aren't close to their owners.
C．Most of them typically live to be 100.
【答案】18．A
19．C
20．A
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】 W: A tortoise named Tommy has become the world's oldest living pet after celebrating her 121st birthday this week. The endangered Hermann's tortoise has been in the same British family since she was purchased for 1 in 1909. It was when Tommy was 11 years old that she was purchased by Sheila's grandmother Margaret Cloonan. Sheila Floris has been caring for Tommy since she was 5 years old and said the beloved pet was mistaken for a boy until she began laying eggs. Sheila says Tommy has never been taken to the vet, and she owes Tommy's excellent bill of health to plenty of love and a healthy diet of garden weeds.
Most Hermann's tortoises typically live to be 50 and are native to Turkey, eastern Italy and Greece. They were listed as an endangered species in 2012 and are known for having individual personalities and developing a bond with their owners, according to .
【点评】考查听力理解能力，首先看懂问题，然后根据问题在文中找出依据，选出正确答案。
18．问题： Tommy 是什么时候出生的？根据“The endangered Hermann's tortoise has been in the same British family since she was purchased for 1 in 1909. It was when Tommy was 11 years old that she was purchased by Sheila's grandmother Margaret Cloonan. ”这只濒临灭绝的赫尔曼龟自1909年以1英镑的价格被收购以来，一直属于同一个英国家庭。当Tommy11岁时，她被希拉的祖母玛格丽特·科洛南买下。可推知Tommy出生在1898年，故选A。
19．问题： Sheila 把 Tommy 的健康归功于什么？根据“and she owes Tommy's excellent bill of health to plenty of love and a healthy diet of garden weeds.”她把Tommy的健康账单归功于充足的爱和花园杂草的健康饮食。故选C。
20．问题：我们对赫尔曼的龟有什么了解？根据“They were listed as an endangered species in 2012 ”2012年，它们被列为濒危物种，故选A。
三、阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
（2023高三下·开学考）阅读理解
4
Study and Homework Apps for Android!
Brainly
Price: Free/$15per 3 months/$24 per year
Brainly is a social network for learners.
You sign up, ask questions, and get answers (usually). Additionally, you can browse
the site, answer other people's questions, and help them out as well. They charge
on a quarter basis ($15) or a yearly basis ($24).
Forest
Price: Free/Up to $1.99
Forest is a different type of app. One of
the biggest distractions during study is your smartphone. Forest helps put a stop
to that. You open the app and a tree grows. The tree dies if you leave the app.
Thus, there is a little motivation to leave the thing alone while you study or do
homework.
Google Play Books
Price: Free app, book costs vary
Google Play Books is an excellent source
of learning material. Sometimes your textbook just isn't enough and apps like this
have plenty of additional resources. Books cost money obviously. However, you only
pay for them once. Books are available offline on your smartphone or tablet.
Quizlet
Price: Free/$19.99 per year
Quizlet is one of the most popular flashcard
apps for language learning. You can create flashcards play memory games, and even
share flashcards with classmates. It also supports 18 languages for about any subject
or topic. The free version should work just fine for simple uses, though. The premium
version costs $19.99 per year, which isn't expensive for a study aid.
21．What is special about Forest
A．It answers your questions.
B．It helps keep you focused.
C．It provides textbooks for your study.
D．It motivates you to plant more trees.
22．Which app can you choose to learn languages
A．Brainy B．Forest
C．Quizlet D．Google Play Books
23．What do these apps have in common
A．They have enough learning resources.
B．They are designed to do homework quickly.
C．They have no advertisements
D．They charge for some services.
【答案】21．B
22．C
23．D
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个安卓系统的学习应用程序。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
21．考查细节理解。根据Forest部分中的"One of the biggest distractions during study is your smartphone. Forest helps put a stop to that.”学习时最大的干扰之一就是你的智能手机。Forest有助于阻止发生这种情况)"可知，Forest的特别之处是能够帮助你集中注意力。故选B。
22．考查细节理解。根据 Quizlet 部分中的"Quizlet is one of the most popular flashcard apps for language learning.” Quizlet是最受欢迎的语言学习抽认卡应用程序之一，可知，Quizlet是为语言学习者设计的。故选C。
23．考查细节理解。根据 Brainly 部分中的"Price: Free/15per3months/24 per year”价格: 免费/3个月15美元/每年24美元； Forest 部分中的"Price: Free/Up to 1.99”价格: 免费/最高1.99美元； Google Play Books 部分中的"Price: Freeapp, bookcostsvary”价格: 免费的应用程序，书的价格不同；以及 Quizlet 部分中的"Price:Free/19.99 per year”价格: 免费/$19.99每年。可知，这四个应用程序的共同点是都要收取一些服务费。故选D。
（2023高三下·开学考）阅读理解
While Disney animations are
successful in moving their audiences, their subsidiary (子公司) Pixar
is expert at creating tear-jerking movies as well.
At first sight, it is remarkable
that these movies make us cry—the main characters are cartoon characters, in most
cases not even human beings, who do things that could evidently never happen in
the real world: toys come to life, monsters are to scare sleeping children, and
helium-balloon-powered houses travel the world. How can a story so unrealistic make
us care so much about their animated main characters
The Pixar creators explained
that their stories often reflect their own personal lives. Whereas the animated
characters are far from real, their lives are relatable. The magical ingredient
is the realistic portrayal of the complex emotional lives of the characters.
As Pixar director Pete Doctor
explains: "What you're trying to do, when you tell a story, is to write about
an event in your life that made you feel a particular way. And what you're trying
to do, when you tell a story, is to get the audience to have that same feeling.
While this is true for storytelling in general, it is especially important in Pixar
movies, given that the basic plots of their movies cannot happen in real life."
What makes Pixar's highly unrealistic
stories believable is the fact that they address problems that are central to our
own lives. Pixar addresses real human matters such as family, friendship, death,
loss, and the highly realistic emotions that such events evoke in our life.
The effect of the story thus
depends on the human capacity to empathize with others: to recognize which emotions
others experience, and to understand why others feel how they feel. The fact that
empathy is learned and developed through life may well be the reason why these movies
are entertaining for kids but rather devastating and heart-crushing for adults.
Every Pixar movie has the moment
when we cry. We learn and feel with the characters through the realistic portrayal
of their emotional lives. The stories appeal to our deepest emotions and, thus,
make us cry. Because, essentially, Pixar stories are about us.
24．Which real issue may not be dealt with in Pixar's movies
A．Family conflicts. B．Romantic love.
C．A political issue. D．The betrayal of a friend.
25．What can be inferred from the passage
A．The Pixar's movies are not only entertaining for kids but also heart-breaking for adults.
B．Pixar can create touching movies because of the support from Disney.
C．Both the realistic emotions and real human matters are shown vividly in Pixar's tear-jerking movies.
D．People can find empathy more easily in animation movies than in any other movies.
26．The key reason for the success of Pixar's movies lies in _________.
A．empathy of the audience B．the delicate film design
C．the adorable cartoon characters D．good taste of the audience
27．What's the best title of the passage
A．How to Make Unrealistic Stories Believable
B．How Do Disney Pixar Movies Make Us Cry
C．Why Are Human Easily Attracted by Movies
D．What Makes Disney Pixar Movies Successful
【答案】24．C
25．C
26．A
27．B
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了皮克斯电影感动观众的原因。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
24．考查细节理解。根据第五段中的"the fact that they address problems that are central to our own lives. Pixar addresses real human matters such as family, friendship, death, loss, and the highly realistic emotions that such events evoke in our life.”他们解决的问题与我们的生活息息相关。皮克斯讲述的是真实的人类问题，如家庭、友谊、死亡、失去，以及这些事件在我们生活中唤起的高度现实的情感。可知，皮克斯电影解决的问题都是围绕着我们的生活，讨论真正与人有关的问题，如家庭、友谊、死亡、失去和一些尤为真实的情感。而 political issues“政治问题”，文章中未提及其是否在皮克斯电影中有所涉及。故选C。
25．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"The magical ingredient is the realistic portrayal of the complex emotional lives of the characters.”其神奇之处在于对人物复杂情感生活的逼真刻画；以及第五段中的"What makes Pixar's highly unrealistic stories believable is the fact that they address problems that are central to our own lives.”皮克斯极不现实的故事之所以可信，是因为它们解决了我们生活中的核心问题。可知，在皮克斯电影中，人类复杂的情感生活和生活中出现的真实问题都展现得淋漓尽致。故选C。
26．考查细节理解。根据第六段中的"The effect of the story thus depends on the human capacity to empathize with others.”因此，故事的效果取决于人类对他人的移情能力；以及"The fact that empathy is learned and developed through life may well be the reason why these movies are entertaining for kids but rather devastating and heart-crushing for adults.”同理心是在生活中学习和发展的，这可能就是为什么这些电影对孩子来说很有趣，但对成年人来说却是毁灭性和心碎的原因。可知，皮克斯电影获得成功的关键原因很可能是观众具备共情的能力。故选A。
27．考查主旨大意。从第三段开始讨论的都是皮克斯电影之所以让人动情的原因；以及最后一段中的"The stories appeal to our deepest emotions and, thus, make us cry. Because, essentially, Pixar stories are about us.”这些故事触动了我们最深层的情感，因此，让我们哭泣。因为，本质上，皮克斯的故事是关于我们的。“迪士尼皮克斯电影是如何让我们哭的？"概括了文章主要内容，适合做文章的标题。故选B。
（2023高三下·开学考）
阅读理解
City parks have long been a place for urban
residents to get a small amount of green. As cities increasingly feel the impacts
of rising seas and temperatures, people are rethinking the roles of urban parks.
All of the dark-gray asphalt (沥青) in cities collect heat.
Dallas is one of the country's fastest-warming cities thanks in part to its extensive
impervious (不透水的) surfaces, but with a new $312 million
bond package, the city is hoping to change that. Using satellite data, the city
is able to see what neighborhoods most need the cooling effect of green spaces.
Cities are increasingly flooding and city
planners think parks can help with this issue too. A report published in February
by The Nature Conservancy looked at the best ways to deal with flooding in Houston,
a city with many neighborhoods built on floodplains and regularly flooded by rising
waters. Offering affected homeowners buyouts and transforming homes into green spaces
would save more money than installing infrastructure (基础设施) like pipes, they
found.
Brendan Shane, a climate program director,
says parks can create opportunities for people to exercise and play, in addition
to cooling neighborhoods and absorbing floodwater. "The stronger the bonds
are from neighbor to neighbor, the better they are able to react to a shock,"
he says.
"Not a single solution by itself will
avoid the climate crisis. We see parks as an important part of it, but there isn't
a silver bullet," says Diane Regas, CEO of The Trust for Public Land.
"Parks are an example of what we in the environmental community need to do
to reach solutions that address climate change at the same time and make people's
lives better."
28．What does the city Dallas want to deal with
A．The lack of green spaces. B．The way of collecting heat.
C．The effect of rising seas. D．The bond between neighborhoods.
29．What can be inferred from the report by The Nature Conservancy
A．Cities in the world are frequently flooded.
B．City parks may help prevent city flooding.
C．Cities needn't invest much money in infrastructure.
D．City parks affect people's choice of a neighborhood.
30．What does Brendan Shane say about parks
A．They can enable people to get over a shock.
B．They can reduce air pollution effectively.
C．They can perform positive social functions.
D．They can help people to keep a cool head.
31．What does the underlined phrase "a sliver bullet" in Paragraph 5 mean
A．A fast and effective solution. B．A successful example.
C．An immediate and clear cause. D．An impractical method.
【答案】28．A
29．B
30．C
31．A
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；日常生活类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，随着城市出现的问题，人们正在重新思考城市公园的作用，让公园成为人们锻炼和玩耍、为社区降温和吸收洪水的地方。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
28．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"All of the dark-gray asphalt (沥青) in cities collect heat. Dallas is one of the country's fastest-warming cities thanks in part to its extensive impervious (不透水的) surfaces ”城市里所有的深灰色沥青都会收集热量。达拉斯是美国变暖速度最快的城市之一；以及"Using satellite data, the city is able to see what neighborhoods most need the cooling effect of green spaces.”利用卫星数据，该市能够看到哪些社区最需要绿地的降温效果。可知，达拉斯是美国变暖速度最快的城市之一，需要绿地来降温，可得出达拉斯市要应对缺乏绿地的问题。故选A。
29．考查推理判断。根据第三段"Cities are increasingly flooding and city planners think parks can help with this issue too. A report published in February by The Nature Conservancy looked at the best ways to deal with flooding in Houston, a city with many neighborhoods built on floodplains and regularly flooded by rising waters. Offering affected homeowners buyouts and transforming homes into green spaces would save more money than installing infrastructure (基础设施) like pipes, they found. ”城市越来越多地被洪水淹没，城市规划者认为公园也可以帮助解决这个问题。2月，自然保护协会发布了一份报告，探讨了应对休斯敦洪水的最佳方法，休斯敦市的许多社区都建在洪泛平原上，经常被上涨的洪水淹没。他们发现，与安装管道等基础设施相比，为受影响的房主提供买断，并将房屋改造成绿色空间，将节省更多资金。可知，针对像休斯敦这样容易被洪水淹没的城市，应对洪水的最佳方法是建设更多的绿色空间，可得出城市公园可能有助于防止城市洪水。故选B。
30．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"Brendan Shane, a climate program director, says parks can create opportunities for people to exercise and play, in addition to cooling neighborhoods and absorbing floodwater.”气候项目主任布伦丹·沙恩说，公园可以为人们创造锻炼和玩耍的机会，此外还可以为社区降温和吸收洪水。可知，布伦丹·沙恩认为城市公园于人与社会都有好处，城市公园可以发挥积极的社会功能。故选C。
31．考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的"Not a single solution by itself will avoid the climate crisis. We see parks as an important part of it, but there isn't a silver bullet ”没有一个单一的解决方案能够避免气候危机。我们认为公园是其中的一个重要部分，但没有什么a silver bullet；以及"Parks are an example of what we in the environmental community need to do to reach solutions that address climate change at the same time and make people's lives better.”公园是我们环保界需要做的事情的一个例子，以达成解决方案，同时应对气候变化，改善人们的生活。可知，应对气候危机没有单一的解决方案，建设城市公园只是应对气候危机的一环，总之没有快速有效的解决方案，a sliver bullet在此处意为"快速有效的解决方案。故选A。
（2023高三下·开学考）
阅读理解
In a study published in Nature Machine Intelligence, researchers
at Ohio State University show how artificial intelligence (AI) can follow clinical
trials to identify drugs for repurposing, a solution that can help advance innovative
treatments.
Repurposing drugs is legal and
not unusual. When doctors prescribe drugs that have been approved by the Food and
Drug Administration (FDA) for purposes different from what is printed on the labels,
the drugs are being used "off - label". Just because a drug is FDA - approved
for a specific type of disease does not prevent it from having possible benefits
for other purposes.
For example, Metformin, a drug
that is FDA - approved for treating type 2 diabetes, is also used to treat PCOS
(a disease of women), and other diseases. Trazodone, an anti - depressant with FDA
- approval to treat depression, is also prescribed by doctors to help treat patients
with sleep issues.
The Ohio State University research
team created an AI deep learning model for predicting treatment probability with
patient data including the treatment, outcomes , and potential confounders (干扰因素).
Confounders are related to the
exposure and outcome. For example , a connection is identified between music festivals
and increases in skin rashes (红疹). Music festivals do not directly cause skin rashes.
In this case, one possible confounding factor between the two may be outdoor heat,
as music festivals tend to run outdoors when the temperature is high, and heat is
a known cause for rashes. When working with real - world data, confounders could
number in the thousands. AI deep learning is well-suited to find patterns in the
complexity of potentially thousands of confounders.
The researcher team used confounders
including population data and co-prescribed drugs. With this proof -of-concept,
now clinicians have a powerful AI tool to rapidly discover new treatments by repurposing
existing medications.
32．What do we know about a drug used off-label
A．It is sold without a label.
B．It is available at a low price.
C．Its uses extend beyond the original.
D．Its clinical trials are rejected by doctors.
33．What do Metformin and Trazodone have in common
A．They are used off-label. B．They treat rare diseases.
C．They result in sleep issues. D．They are medical breakthroughs.
34．What can be inferred about "confounders"
A．They are possible treatments.
B．They are environmental factors.
C．They can be easily recognized in data.
D．They should be taken into consideration.
35．What is the main idea of the text
A．AI examines benefits of existing drugs.
B．AI identifies off-label uses for drugs.
C．AI proves the power of drug research.
D．AI finds new drugs for common diseases.
【答案】32．C
33．A
34．D
35．B
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在《自然机器智能》杂志上发表的一项研究中，俄亥俄州立大学的研究人员展示了人工智能（AI）如何能够跟踪临床试验，识别用于重新使用的药物，这一解决方案有助于推动创新治疗。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
32．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"When doctors prescribe drugs that have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for purposes different from what is printed on the labels, the drugs are being used "off - label". Just because a drug is FDA - approved for a specific type of disease does not prevent it from having possible benefits for other purposes.”如果医生开出的药物是经食品和药物管理局（FDA）批准的，其目的与标签上的目的不同，那么这些药物就被"标示外"使用了，仅仅因为一种药物被FDA批准用于特定类型的疾病并不妨碍它在其他用途上可能产生的益处。可推断，"标示外"药物的用途超出了原来的用途。故选C。
33．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"the drugs are being used‘off - label’. Just because a drug is FDA - approved for a specific type of disease does not prevent it from having possible benefits for other purposes.”这些药物被"标示外"使用，仅仅因为一种药物被FDA批准用于某种特定类型的疾病，并不妨碍它在其他用途上可能有好处；以及第三段"For example, Metformin, a drug that is FDA - approved for treating type 2 diabetes, is also used to treat PCOS (a disease of women), and other diseases. Trazodone, an anti - depressant with FDA - approval to treat depression, is also prescribed by doctors to help treat patients with sleep issues.”例如，FDA批准用于治疗2型糖尿病的药物二甲双胍，也用于治疗多囊卵巢综合征（一种女性疾病）和其他疾病。曲唑酮是一种经美国食品及药物管理局（FDA）批准用于治疗抑郁症的抗抑郁药，医生也会开它来帮助治疗睡眠问题患者。可知，二甲双胍和曲唑酮的相似之处是这两种药物都在适应症外使用（标示外使用）。故选 A。
34．考查推理判断。根据第五段中的"When working with real - world data, confounders could number in the thousands. AI deep learning is well-suited to find patterns in the complexity of potentially thousands of confounders.”在处理真实世界的数据时，干扰因素可能多达数千个。AI深度学习非常适合在潜在的成千万的干扰因素混合物中寻找模式。可推断，干扰因素应该被认真地考虑。故选D。
35．考查主旨大意。根据第一段"In a study published in Nature Machine Intelligence, researchers at Ohio State University show how artificial intelligence (AI) can follow clinical trials to identify drugs for repurposing, a solution that can help advance innovative treatments.”在《自然机器智能》杂志上发表的一项研究中，俄亥俄州立大学的研究人员展示了人工智能（AI）如何能够跟踪临床试验，识别用于重新使用的药物，这一解决方案有助于推动创新治疗。再结合下文内容可知，文章主要讲述人工智能识别药物标示外用途。故选B。
四、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
（2023高三下·开学考）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ways to Improve Yourself by 1% Each Day
Many people treat "life" as something that happens to them. They are the victim. 　36． 　 And then there are those who are clear on their goals. When something goes wrong, they are the first to admit where they went wrong. How can you live a life by design instead of by default
Set goals and actually achieve them
　37． 　 "New Year's Resolutions" are the worst (or best) example of this. It's easy to set goals, but very few people follow through with them to the end. People who live by design practice the habit of setting goals and actually achieving them. This constant practice is what allows them to set bigger and bigger goals and see them through to completion.
Surround yourself with people you want to be like
Choose your friends carefully. As they say, "　38． 　" Make sure that the individuals who occupy your life and time share your values. Ideally, these people should even be a little bit ahead of you, forcing you to stretch and continue to grow in the direction you'd like to go.
Don't be afraid to go your own way
When you go your own way, everyone will tell you that you're wrong at first. Everyone will point and share their opinion and then somewhere down the line, they will all come back around. 　39． 　 And they will ask you how you did it.
Practice discipline
In order for you to get to where you know you can go, you have to say "no" a hundred times more than you say the word "yes". 　40． 　 And the only way to do so is to have a strong sense of self-awareness and discipline.
A. Everybody sets goals.
B. They create the life they want to live.
C. Some people just don't know when to quit.
D. They will see the life you've built for yourself.
E. You must be faithful to yourself and your goal.
F. When things go wrong, it's someone else's fault.
G. You are a reflection of those who you spend the most time with.
【答案】36．F；37．A；38．G；39．D；40．E
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了四个每天提高自己1%的方法。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读， 要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
36．根据空前"Many people treat "life" as something that happens to them. They are the victim.”许多人把"生活"看成发生在他们身上的事情。他们是受害者；以及空后"And then there are those who are clear on their goals. When something goes wrong, they are the first to admit where they went wrong. ”还有一些人很清楚自己的目标。当出现问题时，他们是第一个承认错误的人。可知，上文提到许多人把自己当成受害者，后文则提到了主动承认错误的人，即本句承接上文进一步解释: 当事情出错时，都是别人的错。F. When things go wrong, it's someone else's fault."当事情出错时，是别人的错"符合语境，故选F。
37．根据空后"‘New Year's Resolutions’ are the worst (or best) example of this. It's easy to set goals, but very few people follow through with them to the end. People who live by design practice the habit of setting goals and actually achieving them. This constant practice is what allows them to set bigger and bigger goals and see them through to completion.”"新年决心"是最坏（或最好）的例子。设定目标很容易，但很少有人会坚持到底。设计型的人养成了设定目标并实现目标的习惯。这种持续的练习能让他们设定越来越大的目标，并坚持到底。可知，本段主要是关于设定目标并实现的问题，A选项中sets goals对应后文中set goals。 A. Everybody sets goals. "每个人都有自己的目标"符合语境，故选A。
38．根据空前"Choose your friends carefully.”慎重选择你的朋友；以及空后"Make sure that the individuals who occupy your life and time share your values. Ideally, these people should even be a little bit ahead of you, forcing you to stretch and continue to grow in the direction you'd like to go.”确保那些占据你生活和时间的人与你有共同的价值观。理想情况下，这些人甚至应该走在你前面一点，迫使你伸展并继续朝着你想要的方向发展。可知，本段指出交友慎重，选择自己想成为那样子的人作为朋友，所以此处应该填: 你经常相处的朋友能看出你是一个怎样的人或者想成为怎样的一个人。 G. You are a reflection of those who you spend the most time with. "你能反映出你和谁在一起的时间最多"符合语境，故选G。
39．根据空前"When you go your own way, everyone will tell you that you're wrong at first. Everyone will point and share their opinion and then somewhere down the line, they will all come back around.”当你走自己的路时，每个人一开始都会说你错了。每个人都会指出并分享他们的观点，然后在某个时候，他们都会回过头来；以及空后"And they will ask you how you did it.”他们会问你是怎么做到的。可知，从上文可知，不要拘泥于别人的说辞，要坚持自己的选择。那些最初极力反对的人后来也会见证你的选择，并惊叹你所做到的一切。 D. They will see the life you've built for yourself. "他们会看到你为自己建立的生活"符合语境，故选D。
40．根据空前"In order for you to get to where you know you can go, you have to say ‘no’ a hundred times more than you say the word ‘yes’.”为了让你到达你知道你能到达的地方，你说"不"的次数要比你说"是"的次数多百倍；以及空后"And the only way to do so is to have a strong sense of self-awareness and discipline.”而要做到这一点，唯一的方法就是要有强烈的自我意识和纪律性。可知，本段主旨是要忠于做自己，忠于既定目标，我们必须要有强烈的自我意识和原则性纪律性。 E. You must be faithful to yourself and your goal. "你必须忠于你自己和你的目标"符合语境，故选E。
五、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
（2023高三下·开学考）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Many years ago, I was working in an office in Halifax, Nova Scotia.
We had large 41． that
look out over a busy street. I was standing by one of those windows one day when
a woman in a 42． car
looked up and made eye contact. Naturally I 43． . As she turned and tried to identify me, a quiet laugh 44． my lips.My co-workers began taking
an interest, and stood back watching the 45． I received, and laughing happily.
Then the stress of work 46． away.
Christmas approached, and job 47． were announced. Several of my
co-workers were losing their jobs, and everyone was 48． . While I was working a night shift, a red jacket , a box of foam (泡沫橡胶) packing and strips
of tape in the corner attracted my 49． . They could be Santa's jacket and beard! Then I folded a red file into
a 50． and tied the beard to it.
The next day I walked 51． down into the office in the costume. My co-workers 52． around me and laughed for the first time in weeks. Suddenly, my boss
came to me, 53． , shook his head and then left. I feared
54． . Then the phone rang.
With a bead of sweat 55． my forehead, I entered the boss' office. 56． , he laughed: "Thanks, Mike! It's been hard to enjoy the Christmas
season. Thanks for the laugh. I 57． it."
That evening, I stood 58． by the window and waved at my
fans, with my heart 59． with joy. For a few minutes of that day, we'd been
able to forget our 60． .
41．A．balcony B．windows C．roof D．curtain
42．A．working B．wandering C．passing D．following
43．A．waved B．welcomed C．shouted D．shook
44．A．obtained B．locked C．grasped D．escaped
45．A．concerns B．feelings C．reactions D．actions
46．A．gave B．turned C．washed D．carried
47．A．loads B．time C．arrangement D．cuts
48．A．depressed B．excited C．confused D．awkward
49．A．notice B．attention C．appreciation D．consideration
50．A．jacket B．tie C．vest D．hat
51．A．sadly B．nervously C．embarrassedly D．bravely
52．A．got B．gathered C．turned D．presented
53．A．approached B．backed off C．stepped in D．paused
54．A．closure B．difficulty C．trouble D．mistake
55．A．pulling B．rolling down C．flowing D．moving on
56．A．lastly B．Thus C．Instead D．However
57．A．needed B．claimed C．declared D．shared
58．A．proudly B．carefully C．hopefully D．silently
59．A．filled B．covered C．equipped D．loaded
60．A．weakness B．faults C．losses D．changes
【答案】41．B；42．C；43．A；44．D；45．C；46．C；47．D；48．A；49．B；50．D；51．D；52．B；53．D；54．C；55．B；56．D；57．A；58．A；59．A；60．C
【知识点】记叙文；人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者由于工作的地方靠着一条繁忙的街道，并且办公室有一个大的窗子，所以他可以通过窗子向下俯瞰。因此在不忙时，他和路人打招呼。临近圣诞节，公司裁员，同事们都很沮丧，但作者用红色的夹克衫改做了一件圣诞老人的衣服，到公司穿上给同事和老板带来了快乐，也缓解了公司同事因裁员带来的紧张感。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
41．句意：我们有可以俯瞰繁忙街道的大窗户。A. balcony“阳台”；B. windows“窗户”；C. roof“房顶”；D. curtain“窗帘”。根据下文“I was standing by one of those windows”我站在一扇窗户旁边，可知此处指窗户，故选B。
42．句意：有一天我正站在一扇窗户的旁边，突然一位坐在经过车辆中的女士和我对视了。A. working“工作的”；B. wandering“游荡的”；C. passing“经过的”；D. following“尾随的，接下来的”。根据上文“a busy street”. 可知此处指经过的车辆，故选C。
43．句意：自然而然地，当她转过来并且试图认出我时，我向她挥手，同时我的嘴角不自觉地上扬。A. waved“挥手”；B. welcomed“欢迎”；C. shouted“大叫”；D. shook“摇动”。根据下文“I stood 18 by the window and waved at my fans可知此处指挥手，故选A。
44．句意：自然而然地，当她转过来并且试图认出我时，我向她挥手，同时我的嘴角不自觉地上扬。A. obtained“获得”；B. locked“锁”；C. grasped“抓”；D. escaped“声音不自觉的发出来”。根据下文”and laughing happily”可知作者笑了，此处用 “不自觉地嘴角上扬”，故选D。
45．句意：我的同事开始感兴趣，都站到我身后观察我得到的回应，然后愉快地笑了。A. concerns“担心”；B. feelings“感情”；C. reactions“反映，回应”；D. actions“行为”。根据上文的“Naturally I 3 as she turned and tried to identify me, a quiet laugh 4 my lips. ”可知作者和女士有互动，所以同事过来看她的回应。故选C。
46．句意：然后一整天的工作压力都被消除了。A. give“给”；B. turned“翻转”；C. washed“洗”；D. put“放。根据下文“Several of my co-workers were losing their jobs”可知作者和同事最近压力比较大，能够通过这件事开心一笑，所有的压力都消除。wash away固定短语，“清除”，故选C。
47．句意：圣诞节临近了，公司宣布了裁员。A. loads“负荷”；B. time“时间”；C. arrangement“安排”；D. cuts“消减”。根据下文的“Several of my co-workers were losing their jobs”可知作者的公司在裁员。故选D。
48．句意：我的几个同事都失去了工作，每个人都很压抑。A. depressed“沮丧的”；B. excited“兴奋的”；C. confused“困惑的”；D. awkward“尴尬的”。根据空前“Several of my co-workers were losing their jobs”可知此处用 “失落的/压抑的” 符合语境。故选A。
49．句意：当我值夜班的时候，在角落里的一件红色夹克，一盒泡沫包装和几条胶带引起了我的注意。A. notice“注意到”；B. attention“关注”；C. appreciation“感激，欣赏”；D. consideration“考虑”。attract one's attention固定短语，“吸引某人的注意力”。故选B。
50．句意：然后我把一张红色的文件纸折成一顶帽子然后把胡须系在上面。A. jacket“夹克”；B. tie“领带”；C. vest“背心”；D. hat“帽子”。根据语境可知作者在制作圣诞老人的穿着，帽子上要贴上胡子。故选D。
51．句意：第二天我穿着圣诞老人的服装勇敢地走进办公室。A. sadly“悲伤地”；B. nervously“紧张地”；C. embarrassedly“尴尬地”；D. bravely“勇敢地”。根据语境可知，此处指勇敢地走进办公室，故选D。
52．句意：我的同事都聚过来看我，这是几个星期来第一次笑。A. got“得到，变得”；B. gathered“聚集”；C. turned“转身”；D. presented“呈现”。根据语境，因为作者的穿着很特别，所以大家都围聚过来看他。故选B。
53．句意：突然老板朝我走来，暂停了一下，摇摇头然后就走了。A. approached“接近”；B. backed off“后退”；C. stepped in“踏入”；D. paused“暂停”。根据下文的“I feared”可推测老板特意停下来观察了作者，让作者误以为老板生气了，所以很害怕。故选D。
54．句意：我担心会有麻烦。A. responsibility“责任”；B. difficulty“困难”；C. trouble“麻烦”；D. mistake“错误”。根据语境，老板看到作者扮成圣诞老人，作者担心惹麻烦。故选C。
55．句意：我进入老板的办公室，大滴的汗珠从额头上滚下来。A. pulling“拉”；B. rolling down“滚下”；C. flowing“流”；D. move on“继续前进”。根据上文的：“I feared 14 　. “可知此处指汗珠滚下来，故选B。
56．句意：然而他却笑着说：“谢谢你，迈克！” A. Lastly“最终”；B. Thus“因此”；C. Instead“相反地”；D. However“然而”。根据上文“With a bead of sweat 15 my forehead”, 和此句是转折关系。故选D。
57．句意：谢谢给我带来的笑容，我需要它。A. needed“需要”；B. claimed “宣称”；C. declared“宣布”；D. shared“分享”。根据上文“It's been hard to enjoy the Christmas season. Thanks for the laugh”可知此处指我需要它，故选A。
58．句意：那天傍晚，我骄傲地站在窗前，朝我的粉丝挥手，我的内心充满了喜悦。A. proudly“骄傲地”；B. carefully“仔细地”；C. hopefully“充满希望地”；D. silently“安静地”。根据上文“Thanks for the laugh. I 17 it.”可知作者受到了老板的表扬，所以此处表示骄傲地，故选A。
59．句意：那天傍晚，我骄傲地站在窗前，朝我的粉丝挥手，我的内心充满了喜悦。A. filled“充满”；B. covered“覆盖”；C. equipped“装备”； D. loaded“装载”。根据语境，因为受到表扬所以内心充满喜悦。故选A。
60．句意：那天有那么几分钟我们忘记了我们失去的东西。A. weakness“弱点”；B. faults“错误”；C. losses“失去”；D. changes“改变”。根据上文的“Several of my co-workers were losing their jobs”可知此处表示失去的东西。故选C。
六、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2021·金华模拟）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Coffee
is probably world's least expensive success power tool to increase focus, drive
and even the life span. 　61． 　(fortunate)
we may not be enjoying its benefits or pleasure too much longer. According to
ecologists，there is a good chance 　62． 　 the varieties of coffee that we drink today 　63． 　(be) extinct in 20 or 30 years. The
problem, of course, is the pace of climate change.
Coffee
is a crop that is only grown in a thin band 　64． 　(call) the "coffee belt"
close to equator(赤道), which is extremely
vulnerable(易受...伤害的) to climate
change. If the air is too hot 　65． 　 too cold, it prevents the growth of coffee
plant. Climate change also creates 　66． 　(environment) stress, which spreads
pests and plant diseases. Almost all the coffee grown in the world today is one
of two species, arabica or robuasta, both of 　67． 　 might be wiped out in this way. There are
other species existing only in Ethiopia, 　68． 　country that climate change is
happening. In other words, climate change is eating away the root source that
we might turn to 　69． 　replacement
species.
What
to do Well, take the time 　70． 　(enjoy)
each cup of coffee you drink.
【答案】61．Unfortunately；62．that；63．will be；64．called；65．or；66．environmental；67．which；68．a；69．for；70．to enjoy
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了气候变化对咖啡树的影响，有可能导致咖啡二三十年后灭绝。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及副词，同位语从句，时态，非谓语动词，连词，形容词，定语从句，冠词，介词等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
61．句意：咖啡可能是世界上最便宜的成功工具，可以增加注意力、动力，甚至延长寿命。不幸的是，我们可能不会享受它的好处或快乐太久。修饰整句应用副词，根据“we may not be enjoying its benefits or pleasure too much longer”句意可知，应是“不幸的是”。大写句子首字母，故填Unfortunately。
62．句意：生态学家认为，我们今天喝的各种咖啡很有可能在二三十年后灭绝。分析句子可知，空格处引导同位语从句，作chance的同位语，同位语中结构完整，应用没有实际意义的that引导，不可省略。故填that。
63．句意：生态学家认为，我们今天喝的各种咖啡很有可能在二三十年后灭绝。根据句意和时间状语in 20 or 30 years可知，应用一般将来时，will+动词原形，表示将来要发生的事情。故填will be。
64．句意：咖啡是一种只生长在赤道附近被称为“咖啡带”的狭长地带的作物，这一地带极易受到气候变化的影响。call和所修饰的名词短语a thin band之间是被动关系，用其过去分词作后置定语。故填called。
65．句意：如果空气太热或太冷，都会阻碍咖啡树的生长。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处应用连词or“或者”连接两个表语，符合句意。故填or。
66．句意：气候变化还造成环境压力，从而传播病虫害和植物疾病。根据空格后名词stress可知，此处应用environment的形容词作定语修饰名词。故填environmental。
67．句意：今天世界上几乎所有的咖啡都是两种咖啡中的一种，阿拉比卡咖啡和罗布阿斯塔咖啡，这两种咖啡都可能以这种方式被消灭。分析句子可知，第二个逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词为two species, arabica or robuasta,关系代词which替代先行词，指物，作介词of的宾语，both of which在从句中作主语。故填which。
68．句意：其他物种只存在于埃塞俄比亚，一个正在发生气候变化的国家。名词country“国家”为可数名词单数泛指概念，应用不定冠词限定，因以辅音音素开头，故填a。
69．句意：换句话说，气候变化正在侵蚀我们可能寻求（转向）替代物种的根源。分析句子可知，that引导定语从句，先行词为the root source，拆解定语从句为：we might turn to the root source 6 replacement species，turn to sb/sth for sth固定短语，“为某事寻求某人或某物（帮忙）”，故填for。
70．句意：要做什么吗？好吧，花时间享受你喝的每一杯咖啡。根据句意可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，take time to do sth，固定短语，“花时间做........”。故填to enjoy。
七、短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
71．（2023高三下·开学考）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1）每处错误及其修改均限一词。
2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
To enrich students school life and help us learn more about space exploration, our school organized a visit to the City Museum on the other day.
At the beginning, some pictures and videos about space exploration were shown to them. By watching them, we learned a lot about many great achievement that had been made in our country. The astronauts' devotion to the space exploration of our country leaves a deep impression on us. Afterwards, we experienced a life and work of astronauts, like how they do in our space station. All the teachers and students were very excited, try and touching everything.
Such a great success the activity that it was highly spoken of. Hopeful, there will be even more activities like this.
【答案】①students →students' ②删除on ③them →us ④achievement →achievements ⑤leaves →left ⑥a →the ⑦how →what ⑧try →trying ⑨success后添加was ⑩Hopeful →Hopefully
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者学校一次参观城市博物馆的活动。①句意：为了丰富学生的校园生活，帮助我们更多地了解太空探索，我们学校前几天组织了一次参观城市博物馆的活动。此处students与school life为所属关系，应用名词所有格。故students改为students'。
②句意：为了丰富学生的校园生活，帮助我们更多地了解太空探索，我们学校前几天组织了一次参观城市博物馆的活动。结合句意表示"前几天"短语为the other day，前面不需要介词。故删除on。
③句意：一开始，我们看到了一些关于太空探索的图片和视频。此处指"我们看到"应用代词us。故them改为us。
④句意：通过观看他们，我们了解了我们国家许多伟大的成就。achievement为可数名词，由many修饰，应用复数形式。故achievement改为achievements。
⑤句意：宇航员对我国太空探索的奉献给我们留下了深刻的印象。句子描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故leaves改为left。
⑥句意：之后，我们体验了宇航员的生活和工作，比如他们在我们的空间站做什么。此处特指宇航员的生活和工作，应用定冠词。故a改为the。
⑦句意：之后，我们体验了宇航员的生活和工作，比如他们在我们的空间站做什么。此处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指事情，应用what。故how改为what。
⑧句意：所有的老师和学生都很兴奋，尝试和触摸一切。try在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语All the teachers and students构成主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故try改为trying。
⑨句意：活动取得了巨大的成功，受到了高度评价。此处主句缺少谓语，表示"巨大成功"短语为be a great success，主语为the activity，时态为一般过去时。故success后添加was。
⑩句意：希望今后还会有更多这样的活动。修饰后文整个句子，应用副词hopefully。故Hopeful改为Hopefully。
【点评】考查短文改错，本题考点涉及名词，介词，代词，时态，冠词，宾语从句，非谓语动词以及副词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
八、书面表达（满分25分）
72．（2023高三下·开学考）
假定你是李华，最近在准备英语课的演讲，主题为英国小说。请给你的英国朋友Mike写一封信，让他推荐一些阅读英国小说的网站，内容包括:
1）演讲主题；
2）对网站的要求；
3）期待回复。
注意:
1）写作词数应为80左右；
2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
【答案】Dear Mike,
How is everything going I've been occupied with the preparation for a speech in my English class, whose theme is about British novels and I badly need your help to recommend a website to me.
The website should focus on British novels, which exposes readers to classic British novels with their authors and creation background included. Also texts about some famous chapters with relevant pictures and videos are preferred. Of course, what's on the website is expected to be easily accessible and downloaded.
Thanks in advance and I'm looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份给你的英国朋友Mike写一封信，让他推荐一些阅读英国小说的网站 。写作背景： 最近在准备英语课的演讲，主题为英国小说。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）演讲主题；2）对网站的要求；3）期待回复。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：I've been occupied with the preparation for a speech in my English class, whose theme is about British novels and I badly need your help to recommend a website to me.运用了非限制性定语从句，宾语从句；The website should focus on British novels, which exposes readers to classic British novels with their authors and creation background included. 运用了非限制性定语从句； Of course, what's on the website is expected to be easily accessible and downloaded.运用了主语从句，被动语态；Thanks in advance and I'm looking forward to your early reply.运用了并列句。
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