人教版（2019） 选择性必修 第二册 Unit 1 Science and Scientists Grammar表语从句学案（文本式）

中英语人教版选择性必修第二册unit 1 Grammar
表语从句 (The Predicative Clause)
、表语从句的定义：
表语从句就是 个句 作为表语， 放在连系动词之后， 充当复合句中的表语， 来说明主语是什么或者怎么样。 The problem is puzzling. 主语连系动词形容词作表语
The problem is when we can get a pay rise.
主语连系动词 个句 作表语---表语从句
、表语从句的构成： 系动词+ 引导词+简单句
What I want to say is that I am tired.
三、表语从句的 法
1.可接表语从句的连系动词有:
1). 最常 连系动词： be(am; is/was; are/were)。 般在句 中译成：“是 …”
China is no longer what she used to be.
2). 表变化的系动词：get; turn; go; fall; become; grow; come; run。
法注意：在英语中， 系动词 般只有 般现在时和 般过去时两种时态变化形式， 没有其他时态变化形式。但表变化的这类 系动词除外， 它们有各种时态变化。
It is becoming colder and colder. The food has gone bad.
此处还需注意的是become和turn后接表职业的名词时冠词的有 ：
Two years later, he became a teacher.
但Two years later, he turned teacher.
另外， go表变化时 般指事情向消极、不好的 转化。
3). 所谓“感官动词”:look; sound; ta ste; smell; feel 般它们在句 中译成：“…起来； …
上去”。此类系动词为 考 频词。
The food tasted good. 物尝起来很 。
He looked sadly at the picture. / She looked sad after hearing the news.
Tom tasted the food and it tasted good.
4). 表状态的系动词： keep; stay; remain; 般在句 中译成：“依然是；保持”
She remains loyal to her father despite his cruelty towards her.
What a lovely day today! I love fine weather and I hope it will stay fine for some days.
Much remains to be done.
5). 表像系动词：seem; appear。 般在句 中译成：“看起来像”、“似乎”、“好像”。
这两个动词有 个共同的特点， 即如果要表达时态的变化， 需要后接不定式来完成。
He seemed to have caught cold.
It appears to me that he wants to teach us all he has.
When Father came in, Tom seemed to be eating something.
另外此处 句型转换也要牢记：
It seemed that he had caught cold.
When Father came in, it seemed that Tom was eating something.
6). 终 系动词： prove;turn out。 般在句 中译成：“证实、证明、结果为 …”
He proved (to be) right. / The experiment turned out successful.
2.引导表语从句的关联词的种类：
1)从属连词that , that在表语从句中不充当任何句 成分， 也没有任何意义。
The trouble is that I have lost his address.
2)从属连词whether, as, as if /as though引导的表语从句， 有 的含义， 但在从句中并不充当语法成分。
3)because, why引导的表语从句， 有 的含义， 但在从句中并不充当语法成分。
That's why he didn't understand me.
I think it is because you are doing too much.
注意：“That/It is because...”与“That/It is why...”之间的不同在于“That/It is because...”指原因或理由;“That/It is why...”则指由于 各种原因所造成的后果。
He did not see the film last night. That is because he had to help his little sister with her homework. He had seen the film before. That is why he did not see it last night.
4)连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which; 连接副词where, when, how , why它们分
5)使 虚拟语 的表语从句
在表 建议、劝告、命令等含义的名词后的表语从句， 谓语动词需 “should+动词原形”表 ， should可省略。常见的词有： advice, suggestion, order, proposal, plan, idea 等。
My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow .
3. 注意：
1) 表语从句 定要 陈述语序。
False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel.
Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.
2) 在有表语从句的复合句中， 主句时态和从句时态可以不 致。
Right: The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow .
Right: The question is why he cried yesterday.
3) that在表语从句中 般在书 语中不可以省， 但在 语中可以省略。 The idea is (that) we shall go to picnic this week.
4)“That is why...”与“That is the reason why...”同义， 不过从语法结构上讲，“That is the reason why...”中why引导的是—个定 语从句， 将其中的the reason去掉则与“That is why...”结构 样。
That is (the reason) why I cannot agree.
5). 当主语为The reason(why …)时， 表语从句的引导词只能 that …
Right: The reason (why he was late) was that he was caught in the heavy rain. Wrong: The reason why he is absent is because he is ill.
四. 巩固练习
1. Go and get your coat. It’s ___ you left it.
A. there
B. where
C . there where
D . where there
2.--- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
--- Is that ___ you had a few days off
A. why
B. when
C . what
D . where
3. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ___ I disagreed.
A. why
B. where
C . what
D . how
4. The reason for her great success is ___ she is both clever and hard-working.
A. because
B. why
C . which
D . that
5. His suggestion was that we ___another meeting to discuss the problem.
A. must hold
B. should hold
C . could hold
D . held
6. The last time we had great fun was ______ we were visiting the Water Park.
A. where
B. how
C . when
D . why
7. One advantage of playing the guitar is ______ it can give you a great deal of pleasure.
A. how
B. why
C . that
D . when
8. The problem is ______ he has enough time.
A. if
B. whether
C . /
D . that
9. He didn’t come to the meeting. That was ___ he hadn’t been invited.
A. why
B. because
C . the reason why
D ./
10.The question is ________ we will have our sports meet next week.
A. that
B. if
C . when
D . whether
11. The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless.
A. because
B. that
C . for
D . because of
12. Is this ____ we met each other two years ago.
A. where
B. that
C . because
D . whether
13. The problem is _________to take the place of Ted
A. who can we get
B. what we can get
C . who we can get
D . that we can get
14. What I want to know is ______ he likes the gift given by us.
A. that
B. if
C . whether D .不填
(
_
________
)15. The reason is I missed the bus.
A. that
B. when
C . why
D . what
(
__ __
_
)16. That is we were late last time.
A. that
B. when
C . why
D . what
17. She looked _________ she were ten years younger.
A. that
B. like
C . as
D . as though
18.— I fell sick! --I think it is _______ you are doing too much.
A. why
B. when
C . what
D . because
19. The reason why he hasn’t come is ___________.
A. because his mother is ill
B. because of his mother’s being ill
C . that his mother is ill
D . for his mother is ill
20. --- He was born here. --- That is _______ he likes the place so much.
A. that
B. what
C . why
D . how
(
______
)21. That is Lu Xun once lived.
A. what
B. where
C . that
D . why
(
_
_________
)22. The trouble is we are short of tools.
A. what
B. that
C . how
D . why that
23. America was __________was first called“India”by Columbus.
A. what
B. where
C . the place
D . there where
24.China is becoming stronger and stronger. It is no longer_____.
A. what it used to be
B. what it was used to being
C . what it used to being
D . what it was used to be
25. The energy is ______ makes the cells able to do their work.
A. that
B. which
C . what
D . such
Keys:
1-5 : B A B D B 6-10: C C B B D 11-15: B A C C A 16-20: C D D C C 21-25: B B A A C