安徽省十校联盟2022-2023学年高二下学期开年考英语试题（Word版含解析，无听力音频有文字材料）
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| 名称 | 安徽省十校联盟2022-2023学年高二下学期开年考英语试题（Word版含解析，无听力音频有文字材料） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2023-02-13 17:27:20 | ||
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安徽省十校联盟2021级高二下学期开年考
英语试题
巢湖一中 合肥八中 淮南二中 六安一中 南陵中学 舒城中学 太湖中学 天长中学 屯溪一中 宣城中学
滁州中学 池州一中 阜阳一中 灵璧中学 宿城一中 合肥六中 太和中学 合肥七中 科大附中 野寨中学
本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。请在答题卡上作答。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项 中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时 间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What’s the date of the woman’s birthday
A. March 15th. B. March 13th. C. March 7th.
2. What does the man probably do
A. A taxi driver. B. A waiter. C. A conductor.
3. Where does the man want to go
A. To the police station. B. To the town hall. C. To the supermarket.
4. What are the speakers probably going to do first
A. Go swimming. B. Go water-skiing. C. Look at the map.
5. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In the office. B. At home. C. On the bus.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前， 你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the woman say about her passport
A. She has packed it in one of her bags.
B. She is going to get it at the airport.
C. She is afraid that she has lost it.
7. Why does the man ask the woman to hurry
A. The plane is taking off soon.
B. There are many things to pack.
C. The taxi is waiting for them.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What does the school collect
A. School bags. B. Newspapers. C. Water bottles.
9. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Colleagues. B. Couples. C. Teacher and student.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What’s wrong with the camera
A. The packing. B. The flash. C. The photo.
11. What does the man decide to do with the camera
A. Change it. B. Have it fixed. C. Return it.
12. Who is the woman most likely to be
A. A technician. B. A photographer. C. A saleswoman.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where does the man come from
A. Houston. B. San Francisco. C. Southern California.
14. What do the speakers have in common
A. They are freshmen.
B. They have the same major.
C. They are from the same state.
15. Which school are the speakers in now
A. Austin. B. Berkeley. C. Stanford.
16. What does the woman major in
A. Political science. B. English literature. C. Electric engineering.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How can people find apartments to rent according to the text
A. By surfing the Internet.
B. By posting notices around.
C. By reading the local newspaper.
18. What should we pay besides the first month’s rent
A. Water and electricity. B. The advertisement cost. C. Some extra money.
19. What should we do before signing a rental agreement
A. Make sure that the house is in good order.
B. Read carefully and fully understand the agreement.
C. Write down the questions that we don’t understand.
20. How many tips does the speaker offer
A. 4. B. 5. C. 6.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
So many stories, so little time. Our favorite book clubs for kids will ensure that your kid is reading the coolest picks on the bestseller list and beyond!
Book Culture
This community bookstore goes above and beyond to make itself a destination for reading and playing alike. In addition to its inviting children’s room, packed with puzzles, art supplies, clothing and toys, the store attracts kids with its weekend storytelling sessions (一段时间), often featuring guest appearances by authors popular with kids.
Thalia Kids Book Club
Kids stay in close touch with best-selling authors and participate in writing workshops and literary camps around the city. In the past, campers have met with big names like Norton Juster (The Phantom Tollboth) and Rebecca Stead (When You Reach Me). Camp runs July 14—Aug 8, Mon—Fri, 9 am—4 pm. One-week session $675. Ages 9 to 13.
Dimenna’s Children’s History Museum
This new 18,000 square-foot space is perfect for those who can’t resist good books, including new releases, small press collections, translated works and more. But the bookshop is not just a place to make purchases. The 160-seat auditorium, reading room and classroom space will welcome book lovers for a wide variety of events. All ages.
The Center for Fiction
In an effort to add a personal touch to reading, this 18,000 square-foot space offers its own take on a book club for schools in the area—completely free of charge. Readers are invited to meet the authors they’ve been reading in class, ask questions and learn about the stories in a welcoming environment.
21. Which is the best choice for a kid enjoying listening to stories
A. Book Culture.
B. Thalia Kids Book Club.
C. Dimenna’s Children’s History Museum.
D. The Center for Fiction.
22. What can we infer about Norton Juster and Rebecca Stead from the text
A. They are fond of going camping.
B. They are likely to be famous authors.
C. They are founders of Thalia Kids Book Club.
D. They are regular visitors to Thalia Kids Book Club.
23. What makes The Center for Fiction especially appealing to book lovers
A. It combines reading and playing.
B. It offers free books to book lovers.
C. It has a large number of books.
D. It enables kids to communicate with their familiar authors.
B
Andrea Martínez, a 21-year-old law student at the National Autonomous University of México, has been admitted as the country’s first female college football (橄榄球) player. When Martínez tried out for the team, she assumed the school had a women’s team where she might be placed, but was told she would be playing alongside the men.
Martínez got her start as a soccer player before trying out for the university’s football team after they posted an open call for kickers. Martínez wasn’t out to play football specifically, but saw that she could apply her talents as a soccer player to a new game. “The decision I made was to try a new sport. Nothing else,” she said. “I was very happy when I heard the news that I had been the girl selected.”
Martínez is not the only soccer player turning to football, especially as it becomes more popular throughout the country. It is estimated that there are about 48 million football fans in Mexico and the numbers are growing. Martínez is also not the first female college football kicker, although she is the first one in Mexico. In 1997, Liz Heaston became the first woman in the US to play that position on a college team. However, Ashley Martin was the first woman to score a point as a kicker in 2001.
It was never Martínez’s intention to become famous, but that’s exactly what has happened. So far, Martínez has done more than 80 interviews and has seen herself on the cover of every major newspaper in the country and even on national television, a rarity (罕见的事) for any college football player.
“There are little girls and boys who come and ask me for a photo or come up and say very nice words to me,” she said. “It’s the most satisfying thing I’ve ever felt, realizing that perhaps I’m inspiring them a little.”
24. What do we know about Andrea Martínez from the text
A. She has scored a point as a kicker.
B. She always plays with men players.
C. She started by playing football.
D. She is a football kicker in Mexico.
25. What was Andrea Martínez’s expectation when trying out for the football team
A. To play alongside the men.
B. To join the women’s football team.
C. To win the championship.
D. To be reported in major newspapers.
26. Why did Andrea Martínez decide to turn to football
A. She was bored with playing soccer.
B. She’d like to try a different sport.
C. She hoped to prove herself as a kicker.
D. She preferred football to soccer.
27. What was it that made Andrea Martínez very satisfied
A. She is famous all over Mexico.
B. She is admired by others.
C. She has a good influence on others.
D. She encourages girls to play football.
C
The Okapi Wildlife Reserve, located in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and home to one-sixth of the remaining wild okapi in the world. It protects many other wildlife species as well as one-fifth of the Ituri forest. But despite its status, the reserve is under threat from human activities.
Mining, deforestation (森林破坏), and illegal hunting are all threatening the reserve, and criminals have murdered several people, including forest guards, since 2012. Forest loss is expanding rapidly. In 2020, the most deforestation in the Okapi Wildlife Reserve since records began in 2002 was recorded via satellite data. Since 2002, the area has lost about 7% of its total forest cover. Most recently, satellite data shows deforestation along the Ituri River in late 2021, likely from illegal gold mining.
“Miners are actually eating the reserve out of its wildlife by hunting animals for food. There is almost no wildlife left around the mine itself, and wildlife numbers are greatly reduced around mining towns,” said John Lukas, co-founder of the Okapi Conservation Project.
Protecting the reserve is important for the endangered okapi and other wildlife that call the region home, but preserving the area’s forests is of particular significance in dealing with climate change.
“The forests of Congo, more than forests in the Amazon and in Asia, store carbon even in times of drought and rising temperatures,” explained Lukas. “Preserving the forests not only provides habitats for okapi, elephants and chimpanzees but gives humans time to adjust our source of energy to be more sustainable and carbon neutral (碳中和). Hopefully the Western world will financially support the countries of the Congo basin to value their forests as sources of life and not just a kind of goods to be sold.”
28. What happened to the forests in the Okapi Wildlife Reserve
A. Forest guards hunting.
B. Mining via satellites.
C. About 7% forest loss in 21 years.
D. One-fifth of wild animals leaving.
29. Why has so much wildlife disappeared around the mines
A. Because of being killed for food.
B. Because of the high temperature.
C. Because of no habitat.
D. Because of the deadly diseases.
30. Why is it particularly important to protect the forests in the reserve
A. Gold mines are in the forests.
B. The forests affect climate.
C. The forests are home to wild species.
D. A good life can be led by selling trees.
31. Which of the following might be the best title of the text
A. Current situation of the Okapi Wildlife Reserve
B. Gold mines found in the Okapi Wildlife Reserve
C. Protecting the wildlife in the Okapi Wildlife Reserve
D. Endangered Okapi reserve threatened by human activities
D
Life expectancy (寿命) in Africa rose by nearly 10 years in the first two decades of this century, according to the World Health Organization. “This rise is greater than in any other region of the world during the same period,” the WHO said.
In the year 2019, the average African could expect to live to be 56. However, that is still well below the global average of 64 years. WHO official Lindiwe Makubalo warned the life expectancy gains could easily be lost unless countries strengthen and make greater investments in the development of health care systems.
Makubalo said Africa has made a good start over the past two decades. On average, she said, access to essential services like basic health care improved to 46% in 2019 compared with 24% in 2000. “Other factors include improvements in reproductive, newborn and child health care, as well as advances in fighting infectious (传染的) diseases, such as TB, malaria and HIV.”
While progress has been made in preventing and treating infectious diseases, the report found health services for non-infectious diseases are lagging. It says the great rise in diabetes, cancer and other non-infectious diseases could jeopardize (危害) health gains if those conditions continue to be ignored.
The report says the COVID-19 outbreak has brought about greater damages to essential health services in Africa compared to other regions of the world, which might affect healthy life expectancy.
“It is important that significant improvements are made in health services, and governments ensure quality, equal and accessible services for all,” Makubalo said.
According to the report, some progress has been made in achieving universal health coverage, but it is far from enough. Health officials say one of the key measures to improve access to health services is for governments to increase their public health budgets. That, they say, would reduce the huge out-of-pocket expenses by families that are pushing millions of people into poverty.
32. What was the average life expectancy of people in Africa in 2000
A. 46. B. 54. C. 56. D. 64.
33. Which contributed to Africans5 life expectancy rise according to the text
A. Plenty of food supplies.
B. Improvement in basic health services.
C. Easier access to clean drinking water.
D. Progress in fighting against non-infectious diseases.
34. What does the underlined word “lagging” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Unique. B. Independent. C. Informal. D. Underdeveloped.
35. What’s WHO’s attitude towards Africa’s present situation
A. Positive. B. Uncertain. C. Concerned. D. Pessimistic.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有 两项为多余选项。
Try to picture the world before refrigerators. That may be difficult! 36 They may also help store leftovers there after dinner. Yes, life today would be quite different without refrigerators. How did people keep their food fresh before these machines were around
37 In cold areas, ancient people could freeze their food. They could then store it in ice and snow. Warmer places allowed for drying food in sunlight. Experts say these early practices gave people the option to settle and form communities.
One advanced method of food storage arose in Persia around 400 BC. People there stored food in structures called Yakhchal, which were buildings made from mud brick to keep ice frozen during even the warmest summer months. During the Middle Ages, people stored meat by salting or smoking it. 38 These foods could then be stored in cool places, like caves, allowing people to save food for difficult times.
Later, buildings called ice houses or ice pits were built upon the idea of the Yakhchal. Such ice houses were very common by the 1800s. At the end of the 19th century, many people kept their food fresh in iceboxes made of wood. 39 Ice delivery businesses grew with more homes requiring ice to store food.
By the 1930s, many people were using electric refrigerators to keep food fresh. 40 Many refrigerators today come with built-in ice makers. Some people even choose smart refrigerators that can help them with meal plans and grocery shopping.
A. They would also dry many foods, including grains.
B. These containers held large blocks of ice to keep food cool.
C. No one knows for sure how people first learned to store food.
D. After all, kids today are used to grabbing a snack from the fridge after school.
E. Since then, growth in technology has led these machines to become more advanced.
F. With no means to store food, ancient people often went hungry or even died.
G. Actually, people found different ways to keep their food fresh thousands of years ago.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Andrew Chilton was diagnosed with autism (自闭症) at age eight. There was a lot to 41 . Would he ever have a job Live 42 Doctors and school officials 43 that Andrew might not even graduate from high school.
Andrew’s family would do anything for him. Christy Chachere, the boy’s personal care attendant, saw the 44 right away. “You have to let him 45 ,” she told the family. “It’s the 46 way he learns to do things on his own.”
No longer would Andrew’s mother write his papers. His younger brother wouldn’t 47 him to operate the computer. Christy wouldn’t help him with homework either.
Andrew 48 . Loudly at times. But then what Christy expected began to 49 . Andrew would come home from school, get a snack and start on his homework. Christy was 50 there. She wouldn’t do his papers for him. But she showed him how to get organized. Best of all, Christy offered 51 once his work was done. She’d 52 him to a store where he could buy Pokémon cards. To the movies. Or out to eat his favorite food.
Christy has been with Andrew for six years. She has successfully helped 53 the life of a boy with autism. One 54 at a time, Andrew gained independence. He graduated from high school and entered community college. “Life has never been 55 ,” said Andrew.
41. A. put off B. worry about C. set aside D. settle down
42. A. flexibly B. fortunately C. creatively D. independently
43. A. whispered B. desired C. predicted D. witnessed
44. A. opinion B. chance C. problem D. ability
45. A. fail B. escape C. protect D. promise
46. A. easy B. normal C. quick D. only
47. A. help B. inspire C. allow D. refuse
48. A. apologized B. complained C. requested D. argued
49. A. pass B. reduce C. spread D. happen
50. A. always B. sometimes C. seldom D. never
51. A. quality B. measure C. freedom D. strength
52. A. follow B. take C. force D. introduce
53. A. ruin B. change C. occupy D. admire
54. A. discovery B. competition C. choice D. step
55. A. better B. busier C. easier D. quieter
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The world is in a climate crisis. We need to change how we get our power, which 56 (mean) we need to end the use of fossil fuels, like oil and gas. The European Space Agency (ESA) has started on work that could provide 57 (million) of homes with clean and reliable energy. It has approved 58 three-year project to test huge solar farms in space. These solar farms are expected 59 (send) energy wirelessly from space into peopled homes. An ESA spokesperson said one solar-farm satellite could create the same amount of electricity 60 a power station on Earth. She added that the satellites will be around 1.7 km in 61 (long) and their aim is to have many of these giant satellites 62 (place) in low-Earth orbits. They could cut our use of fossil fuels and reduce energy shortages.
The ESA project 63 (call) Solaris. Josef Aschbacher, 64 is currently the director-general of the ESA, said that Solaris could be of great significance. “We humans are consuming large quantities of fossil fuels. We need to change the way we produce energy. We especially need to reduce the fossil fuel part of our energy production,” said Josef. “It would be 65 (absolute) fantastic if we could do it from space. It would be a solution to lots of problems.”
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，你的新西兰交换生朋友Julia自到中国以来，因饮食不健康、缺乏锻炼等原因导致了一系列的健康问题，所以写信向你求助。请你用英语给她回封邮件，要点如下：
1. 帮她分析问题原因；
2. 替她找到解决方法。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整 的短文。
One Christmas Eve, my seventeen-year-old son called me from the bakery where he worked part-time. He was on the evening shift with a couple of co-workers, and the store was about to dose. The person from a local charity who was scheduled to pick up the leftover bread and cakes hadn’t shown up. He was worried about what to do with the food, so I suggested he call the manager to ask for advice. The manager told him to throw the leftovers into the garbage—approximately $1,500 worth of fresh baked goods.
It seemed completely wrong for all this good food to go to waste, so we talked about where we could take it. A new homeless shelter had just opened in our area, so I called and asked if they could use a delivery of free baked goods.
An excited staff member said, “Yes, please!” I drove to the bakery and, together with my son and his co-workers, we loaded up the truck and made our way to the homeless shelter. As we walked toward the entrance, a woman stopped and held open the door for us. Thinking we were staff, she thanked us for what we were doing and said she was really grateful for her new temporary home. She introduced herself and told us her street friends call her “Star”. We chatted for a while on the sidewalk with light snow falling around us. She said that moving off the streets into the shelter had saved her life.
Star told us she spent her days looking out for those who needed help and trying to do kind things for others whenever she could. Then she asked for a favor. She showed us a phone number. She’d wanted to tell her friend she was okay so he wouldn’t worry, but she couldn’t afford the long-distance call. I said I would be happy to pass on her message. She wrote his name on a card. Then she hugged us both, and we wished each other a merry Christmas.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
On Christmas morning, I called the number on the card. A man answered the phone. _______________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
A few months later, I was driving when I saw Star standing in the middle of the crosswalk. __________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
英语参考答案
第一部分 听力
1—5 BABAC 6—10 ACCBB 11—15 ACAAB 16—20 BCCBA
第二部分 阅读
第一节 阅读理解
21—23 ABD 24—27 DBBC 28—31CABD 32—35 ABDC
第二节 短文填空
36—40 DGABE
第三部分 语言运用
第一节 完形填空
41—45 BDCCA 46—50 DABDA 51—55 CBBDA
第二节 语法填空
56. means 57. millions 58. a 59. to send 60. as
61. length 62. placed 63. is called 64. who 65. absolutely
第四部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Julia,
Knowing that you are suffering from a series of health problems, I’m terribly sorry but I believe you needn’t worry too much since it’s not difficult to find out the reasons and you’re bound to deal with them.
As you have mentioned in your email, you have been crazy about Chinese food since you came to China. Actually, Chinese food is widely believed to be among the healthiest in the world. The problem is that you have been eating too much fried food and sweat snacks. So you should learn to be a smart eater. Meanwhile, you have been exercising too little. Lots of outdoor activities are arranged in our school each week and I hope you’ll take an active part in them.
It is high time you changed your lifestyle. Hopefully you can live happily and healthily in China.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
One possible version:
On Christmas morning, I called the number on the card. A man answered the phone. I told him who I was and that I had a message for him from Star. The man5s voice trembled with emotion when he heard the news. Then he thanked me for calling, for he had been extremely upset and anxious about Star. He was relieved to hear she was safe in the shelter. Meeting Star on Christmas Eve was more than a little magical. My son and I will always remember that evening.
A few months later, I was driving when I saw Star standing in the middle of the crosswalk. She stood with her arms stretched wide and a big smile on her face. She was standing between the cars and an older woman with a walking stick, making her way very slowly across the road. As soon as the woman had crossed the road safely, Star continued on her way. I smiled as I drove to my meeting, thinking about our neighbourhood “Star” doing her job.
【解题导语】这是一篇应用文，给喜欢读书的孩子们介绍了几家图书俱乐部。
21. A 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，Book Culture这家读书俱乐部周末有孩子们喜欢的作家讲故事。
22. B 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可推知，这两位可能是知名作家。
23. D 细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，这家图书俱乐部邀请读者与他们在课堂上阅读过作品的作者见面，并在友好的氛围中提问和了解故事。也就是说，在这家图书俱乐部里，读者可以与他们熟悉的作家交流。
【解题导语】这是一篇记叙文。谁说女子不如男。墨西哥刚刚迎来了第一位女大学生橄榄球运动员——21岁的安德里亚·马丁内斯，她将与男队友同场竞技。
24. D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Martinez is also not the first female college football kicker, although she is
the first one in Mexico.”可知，安德里亚·马丁内斯是墨西哥第一位女大学生橄榄球运会员。
25. B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When Martinez tried out for the team, she assumed the school had a women’s team where she might be placed, but was told she would be playing alongside the men.”可知，当马丁内斯参加球队选拔时，她以为学校有一个女队，她可能会被安排在那里，但被告知她将和男队员一起比赛。
26. B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The decision I made was to try a new sport. Nothing else”可推知，她从足球转行到橄榄球，是希望尝试一项新的运动。
27. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，让她感到满意的是她的事迹激励了孩子们追寻自己的梦想。也就是说，她给孩子们带来了好的影响。
【解题导语】这是一篇说明文。刚果民主共和国的霍加狓野生动物保护区是霍加狓和众多野生动物的避难所，但近年来，这些野生动物正受到采矿、偷猎、砍伐森林等人类活动的威胁。
28. C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Since 2002, the area has lost about 7% of its total forest cover.”可知，自2002年以来，该地区的森林覆盖面积减少了约7%。
29. A 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可推知，造成金矿周围野生动物灭绝的原因是矿工们猎捕它们当做食物。
30. B 推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推知，该地区森林有助于我们人类与气候变化作斗争，这使得保护该地区的森林显得尤为重要。
31. D 标题归纳题。文章首段最后一句“But despite its status, the reserve is under threat from human activities.
（但尽管它的地位，保护区正受到人类活动的威胁。）’’点明主题，全文都是围绕这个主题展开的。故选项D最符合作本文标题。
【解题导语】这是一篇新闻报道。世界卫生组织的一项评估报告显示，2000年至2019年间，非洲区域的人均健康预期寿命平均增加了10年，这一增幅高于同期世界任何其他地区。报告同时提醒，新冠疫情的破坏性影响可能会威胁到这些巨大的进步。
32. A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Life expectancy (寿命) in Africa rose by nearly 10 years in the first two decades of this century, according to the World Health Organization.”和第二段中的“In the year 2019, the average African could expect to live to be 56. However, that is still well below the global average of 64 years.”可推知，2000年非洲人的平均寿命为46岁。
33. B 细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，这里指出了非洲人人均寿命提高的几个因素，其中之一是基本医疗保健方面的改善。
34. D 词义猜测题。划线单词所在句意思是“尽管在预防和治疗传染病方面取得了进展，但报告发现，非
传染性疾病的卫生服务仍然落后。”该句中，while意思是“虽然；尽管”，表示转折对比。由此不难推断，划线单词lagging与前一句中的make progress表示相反的含义。也就是说，lagging意思是“落后的”。
35. C 推理判断题。根据文章内容，尤其是最后一段内容可推知，世界卫生组织虽然高度评价过去二十年里非洲取得的巨大进步，但对非洲未来卫生健康方面也有许多担忧（concerned），特别是对新冠疫情对非洲的影响、政府投资不足等方面。
【解题导语】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了在冰箱发明之前人们是如何保存食物的。
36. D 空格前两句意思是“试着想象一下冰箱之前的世界。这可能很难！”由此推断，接下来应该解释说明为什么很难想象没有冰箱的世界。选项D意思是“毕竟，今天的孩子们已经习惯了放学后从冰箱里拿零食”，正是对空格前句的解释，符合语境。
37. G 空格是主题句，空格后说的是在冰箱发明很久之前，人们就知道如何保存食物。由此推断，选项G（事实上，几千年前，人们发现了不同的方法来保持食物的新鲜）最能概括该段大意。
38. A 根据空格前一句可知，这里说的是中世纪人们如何保存食物的。选项A意思是“他们也会烘干许多食物，包括谷物”，这与前一句意义一致，且句中的many foods与下一句的these foods所指相同。
39. B 根据空格前一句可知，这里说的是19世纪末，许多人把食物放在木制的冰箱里保鲜。选项B意思是“这些容器里装着大块的冰来冷却食物”这与前一句意义一致，且句中的these containers与上一句的iceboxes所指相同。
40. E 最后一段说的是现代电冰箱问世了，电冰箱变得越来越先进。选项E意思是“从那时起，技术的发展使这些机器变得更加先进”，其中的时间状语then指的是上一句中的the 1930s。
【解题导语】这是一篇记叙文。安德鲁·奇尔顿是一个患有孤独症的孩子。幸运的是，他的私人护理员克里斯蒂·查切尔帮助他获得了新生。
41. B 根据下文可知，自闭症儿童的家庭有许多要担心的（worry about）。
42. D 根据下文可知，自闭症儿童缺乏基本的生存技能与社交技能，不能独立（independently）生活。
43. C 医生和学校官员预测（predict），安德鲁甚至可能不会从高中毕业。
44. C 安德鲁的家人会为他做任何事。男孩的私人护理员克里斯蒂·查切尔立刻发现了这个问题（problem）。
45. A “你必须让他失败（fail），”她告诉安德鲁的家人。“这是他学会自己做事的唯一（only）方法。”
46. D 解析见45题。
47. A 安德鲁的母亲不再替他做试卷了。他弟弟不肯帮（help）他操作电脑。克里斯蒂也不帮他做作业。
48. B 大家都不帮助他，安德鲁开始抱怨（complain）。有时声音很大。
49. D 但后来克里斯蒂所期望的事情出现了（happen）。安德鲁放学回家，吃点零食，然后开始做作业。
50. A 克里斯蒂总是（always）在那里。她不会帮他做作业，但她教他如何做事有条理。
51. C 根据下文可知，只要他完成工作，克里斯蒂就给他自由（freedom）。
52. B 她会带（take）他去商店，在那里他可以买Pokémon卡片。去看电影。或者出去吃他最喜欢的食物。
53. B 克里斯蒂和安德鲁在一起六年了。她成功地帮助一个患有自闭症的男孩改变（change）了生活。
54. D 一步（step）一步地，安德鲁学会了独立。他高中毕业后进入了社区大学。
55. A “生活从来没有这么好过（better）。”安德鲁说。
【解题导语】这是一篇说明文。太阳能可以在遥远的太空中收集，并以无线方式传输到地球上任何需要它 的地方。欧洲航天局（ESA)计划通过其Solaris计划研究使天基太阳能发电成为工作现实所需的关键技术。
56. means 考查时态语态和主谓一致。这里说的是客观情况，用一般现在时；which此处是单数意义，谓语动词需用三单形式。
57. millions 考查名词复数。millions of “成千上万的”，固定搭配。
58. a 考查冠词。依据题意可知，该空填a表示“一项”。
59. to send 考查非谓语动词。expect to do sth“期待做某事”这里用的是其被动语态。
60. as 考查介词。the same...as...是习惯搭配，意思是“和……一样”。
61. length 考查词性转换。介词in后跟名词作宾语。
62. placed 考查非谓语动词。have sth. done“请人或让人做某事”，其中过去分词作宾补，宾语many of these giant satellites与宾补动作place之间是被动关系。
63. is called 考查时态语态。主语The ESA project是谓语动词动作call的承受者，用被动语态；这里说的是客观事实，用一般现在时。
64. who 考查定语从句。关系代词who指代先行词Josef Aschbacher，引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。
65. absolutely 考查词性转换。空格中所填单词在句中修饰形容词fantastic，需填其副词形式。
附听力部分录音原文：
Text 1
M: When is Tom’s birthday
W: March 12th, just one day before mine.
Text 2
M: This is Hero Street. Where do you want to go
W: Let me get out there in front of that tree. That’s fine.
Text 3
M: Excuse me, could you please tell me the way to the town hall
W: I’m sorry. I’m a stranger here myself, but if you ask at the police station which is beside the supermarket, I’m sure they’ll help you.
Text 4
W: Please tell me how you’d like to spend the day. I’ve got a map here.
M: Well, first we’d like to go swimming. I know a very nice beach. Then perhaps we’d like to go water-skiing, but we’ve never tried it. We’re only used to skiing on snow.
Text 5
M: I’m going to the Shanghai Hospital. Is it close to the Shanghai Museum
W: I’m sorry you are going in the opposite direction. You’d better get off the bus at the next stop.
M: Gosh! Thank you very much.
W: You’re welcome.
Text 6
M: Mary, I hope you’re packed and ready to leave.
W: Yes, I’m packed, but not quite ready. I can’t find my passport. I only remember I put it in one of the bags.
M: Well, you have to look for it at the e on. The taxi is waiting.
W: The plane doesn’t leave for two hours. Anyway, I’m ready to go now.
M: Gosh, what a lot of baggage!
W: Well, you can’t depend on the weather. It might be cold.
M: Come on. We really must go.
W: Right, we’re ready. I’m sure there’s no need to rush.
M: There is! I asked the taxi driver to wait five minutes, not fifty.
Text 7
M: I’ll drive Nick to school so you can have more time at home finishing your report.
W: Thank you. Why didn’t you put the milk containers and the newspapers into Nick’s school recycle bag
M: They don’t need those.
W: Aren’t they collecting the recycling stuff for their school activity now
M: They only need the stuff they can use to receive money from the recycling center, such as water and juice bottles, as well as cans.
W: OK. Here is my juice bottle then.
Text 8
W: Good morning, sir. What can I do for you
M: Hi. I just bought this camera a few days ago, but when I took it out of the packing, I noticed that there was something wrong with the flash. When I try to photograph, the flash doesn’t go off.
W: I’m sorry you had a problem with our product. Do you still have the receipt
M: My receipt is right here along with the original box.
W: We don’t have that product at the moment, but we can exchange it for a camera of the same price. Or, I can ask the technician to fix it, or I can give your money back.
M: I think I’d like to get a new camera today instead of asking for my money back.
W: It looks like everything is in order. Why don’t you take a look around and see if there’s another model you like
Text 9
W: Hi, my name is Martha.
M: I’m Bill. Glad to meet you.
W: Yeah, so where are you from
M: I’m from Houston, Texas.
W: Oh, I’m from Southern California. I’m a freshman. What year are you in
M: This is my first year, too.
W: What made you decide to come to California for school I hear Austin has a good school.
M: It’s all right, but I think Berkeley is better.
W: So is this where you wanted to come
M: To tell you the truth, I wanted to go to Stanford. I made it on the waiting list, but 99% of the people accepted to Stanford go there.
W: Very true. But this is still a good school.
M: I’m not complaining. I just know that I wanted to come to California. Do you know what you plan on majoring in
W: I was thinking about political science, but now I’m learning towards English literature. How about you
M: I plan on majoring in electrical engineering.
Text 10
The procedures for renting an apartment in different countries, and even within the same area, city, or local area, can differ widely, and thus, knowing what to expect can help you in your apartment search.
First of all, decide on the type of apartment you want to rent. How big a place do you need How much money are you willing to spend Is public transportation available nearby Think carefully about what kind of place is right for you. Next, many apartments are advertised in the local newspaper. Looking over these ads will give you a general idea of the types of apartments available. Ask your friends and teachers if they can recommend any specific place to live. Then, figure out the exact costs for renting an apartment and determine your budget. In addition to your first month’s rent, you might have to pay some money in advance to cover any damage to the apartment. Finally, be sure to carefully read and understand the rental agreement, because once you sign, you will have to follow it. Ask questions if you aren’t sure.
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英语试题
巢湖一中 合肥八中 淮南二中 六安一中 南陵中学 舒城中学 太湖中学 天长中学 屯溪一中 宣城中学
滁州中学 池州一中 阜阳一中 灵璧中学 宿城一中 合肥六中 太和中学 合肥七中 科大附中 野寨中学
本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。请在答题卡上作答。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项 中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时 间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What’s the date of the woman’s birthday
A. March 15th. B. March 13th. C. March 7th.
2. What does the man probably do
A. A taxi driver. B. A waiter. C. A conductor.
3. Where does the man want to go
A. To the police station. B. To the town hall. C. To the supermarket.
4. What are the speakers probably going to do first
A. Go swimming. B. Go water-skiing. C. Look at the map.
5. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In the office. B. At home. C. On the bus.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前， 你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the woman say about her passport
A. She has packed it in one of her bags.
B. She is going to get it at the airport.
C. She is afraid that she has lost it.
7. Why does the man ask the woman to hurry
A. The plane is taking off soon.
B. There are many things to pack.
C. The taxi is waiting for them.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What does the school collect
A. School bags. B. Newspapers. C. Water bottles.
9. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Colleagues. B. Couples. C. Teacher and student.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What’s wrong with the camera
A. The packing. B. The flash. C. The photo.
11. What does the man decide to do with the camera
A. Change it. B. Have it fixed. C. Return it.
12. Who is the woman most likely to be
A. A technician. B. A photographer. C. A saleswoman.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where does the man come from
A. Houston. B. San Francisco. C. Southern California.
14. What do the speakers have in common
A. They are freshmen.
B. They have the same major.
C. They are from the same state.
15. Which school are the speakers in now
A. Austin. B. Berkeley. C. Stanford.
16. What does the woman major in
A. Political science. B. English literature. C. Electric engineering.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How can people find apartments to rent according to the text
A. By surfing the Internet.
B. By posting notices around.
C. By reading the local newspaper.
18. What should we pay besides the first month’s rent
A. Water and electricity. B. The advertisement cost. C. Some extra money.
19. What should we do before signing a rental agreement
A. Make sure that the house is in good order.
B. Read carefully and fully understand the agreement.
C. Write down the questions that we don’t understand.
20. How many tips does the speaker offer
A. 4. B. 5. C. 6.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
So many stories, so little time. Our favorite book clubs for kids will ensure that your kid is reading the coolest picks on the bestseller list and beyond!
Book Culture
This community bookstore goes above and beyond to make itself a destination for reading and playing alike. In addition to its inviting children’s room, packed with puzzles, art supplies, clothing and toys, the store attracts kids with its weekend storytelling sessions (一段时间), often featuring guest appearances by authors popular with kids.
Thalia Kids Book Club
Kids stay in close touch with best-selling authors and participate in writing workshops and literary camps around the city. In the past, campers have met with big names like Norton Juster (The Phantom Tollboth) and Rebecca Stead (When You Reach Me). Camp runs July 14—Aug 8, Mon—Fri, 9 am—4 pm. One-week session $675. Ages 9 to 13.
Dimenna’s Children’s History Museum
This new 18,000 square-foot space is perfect for those who can’t resist good books, including new releases, small press collections, translated works and more. But the bookshop is not just a place to make purchases. The 160-seat auditorium, reading room and classroom space will welcome book lovers for a wide variety of events. All ages.
The Center for Fiction
In an effort to add a personal touch to reading, this 18,000 square-foot space offers its own take on a book club for schools in the area—completely free of charge. Readers are invited to meet the authors they’ve been reading in class, ask questions and learn about the stories in a welcoming environment.
21. Which is the best choice for a kid enjoying listening to stories
A. Book Culture.
B. Thalia Kids Book Club.
C. Dimenna’s Children’s History Museum.
D. The Center for Fiction.
22. What can we infer about Norton Juster and Rebecca Stead from the text
A. They are fond of going camping.
B. They are likely to be famous authors.
C. They are founders of Thalia Kids Book Club.
D. They are regular visitors to Thalia Kids Book Club.
23. What makes The Center for Fiction especially appealing to book lovers
A. It combines reading and playing.
B. It offers free books to book lovers.
C. It has a large number of books.
D. It enables kids to communicate with their familiar authors.
B
Andrea Martínez, a 21-year-old law student at the National Autonomous University of México, has been admitted as the country’s first female college football (橄榄球) player. When Martínez tried out for the team, she assumed the school had a women’s team where she might be placed, but was told she would be playing alongside the men.
Martínez got her start as a soccer player before trying out for the university’s football team after they posted an open call for kickers. Martínez wasn’t out to play football specifically, but saw that she could apply her talents as a soccer player to a new game. “The decision I made was to try a new sport. Nothing else,” she said. “I was very happy when I heard the news that I had been the girl selected.”
Martínez is not the only soccer player turning to football, especially as it becomes more popular throughout the country. It is estimated that there are about 48 million football fans in Mexico and the numbers are growing. Martínez is also not the first female college football kicker, although she is the first one in Mexico. In 1997, Liz Heaston became the first woman in the US to play that position on a college team. However, Ashley Martin was the first woman to score a point as a kicker in 2001.
It was never Martínez’s intention to become famous, but that’s exactly what has happened. So far, Martínez has done more than 80 interviews and has seen herself on the cover of every major newspaper in the country and even on national television, a rarity (罕见的事) for any college football player.
“There are little girls and boys who come and ask me for a photo or come up and say very nice words to me,” she said. “It’s the most satisfying thing I’ve ever felt, realizing that perhaps I’m inspiring them a little.”
24. What do we know about Andrea Martínez from the text
A. She has scored a point as a kicker.
B. She always plays with men players.
C. She started by playing football.
D. She is a football kicker in Mexico.
25. What was Andrea Martínez’s expectation when trying out for the football team
A. To play alongside the men.
B. To join the women’s football team.
C. To win the championship.
D. To be reported in major newspapers.
26. Why did Andrea Martínez decide to turn to football
A. She was bored with playing soccer.
B. She’d like to try a different sport.
C. She hoped to prove herself as a kicker.
D. She preferred football to soccer.
27. What was it that made Andrea Martínez very satisfied
A. She is famous all over Mexico.
B. She is admired by others.
C. She has a good influence on others.
D. She encourages girls to play football.
C
The Okapi Wildlife Reserve, located in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and home to one-sixth of the remaining wild okapi in the world. It protects many other wildlife species as well as one-fifth of the Ituri forest. But despite its status, the reserve is under threat from human activities.
Mining, deforestation (森林破坏), and illegal hunting are all threatening the reserve, and criminals have murdered several people, including forest guards, since 2012. Forest loss is expanding rapidly. In 2020, the most deforestation in the Okapi Wildlife Reserve since records began in 2002 was recorded via satellite data. Since 2002, the area has lost about 7% of its total forest cover. Most recently, satellite data shows deforestation along the Ituri River in late 2021, likely from illegal gold mining.
“Miners are actually eating the reserve out of its wildlife by hunting animals for food. There is almost no wildlife left around the mine itself, and wildlife numbers are greatly reduced around mining towns,” said John Lukas, co-founder of the Okapi Conservation Project.
Protecting the reserve is important for the endangered okapi and other wildlife that call the region home, but preserving the area’s forests is of particular significance in dealing with climate change.
“The forests of Congo, more than forests in the Amazon and in Asia, store carbon even in times of drought and rising temperatures,” explained Lukas. “Preserving the forests not only provides habitats for okapi, elephants and chimpanzees but gives humans time to adjust our source of energy to be more sustainable and carbon neutral (碳中和). Hopefully the Western world will financially support the countries of the Congo basin to value their forests as sources of life and not just a kind of goods to be sold.”
28. What happened to the forests in the Okapi Wildlife Reserve
A. Forest guards hunting.
B. Mining via satellites.
C. About 7% forest loss in 21 years.
D. One-fifth of wild animals leaving.
29. Why has so much wildlife disappeared around the mines
A. Because of being killed for food.
B. Because of the high temperature.
C. Because of no habitat.
D. Because of the deadly diseases.
30. Why is it particularly important to protect the forests in the reserve
A. Gold mines are in the forests.
B. The forests affect climate.
C. The forests are home to wild species.
D. A good life can be led by selling trees.
31. Which of the following might be the best title of the text
A. Current situation of the Okapi Wildlife Reserve
B. Gold mines found in the Okapi Wildlife Reserve
C. Protecting the wildlife in the Okapi Wildlife Reserve
D. Endangered Okapi reserve threatened by human activities
D
Life expectancy (寿命) in Africa rose by nearly 10 years in the first two decades of this century, according to the World Health Organization. “This rise is greater than in any other region of the world during the same period,” the WHO said.
In the year 2019, the average African could expect to live to be 56. However, that is still well below the global average of 64 years. WHO official Lindiwe Makubalo warned the life expectancy gains could easily be lost unless countries strengthen and make greater investments in the development of health care systems.
Makubalo said Africa has made a good start over the past two decades. On average, she said, access to essential services like basic health care improved to 46% in 2019 compared with 24% in 2000. “Other factors include improvements in reproductive, newborn and child health care, as well as advances in fighting infectious (传染的) diseases, such as TB, malaria and HIV.”
While progress has been made in preventing and treating infectious diseases, the report found health services for non-infectious diseases are lagging. It says the great rise in diabetes, cancer and other non-infectious diseases could jeopardize (危害) health gains if those conditions continue to be ignored.
The report says the COVID-19 outbreak has brought about greater damages to essential health services in Africa compared to other regions of the world, which might affect healthy life expectancy.
“It is important that significant improvements are made in health services, and governments ensure quality, equal and accessible services for all,” Makubalo said.
According to the report, some progress has been made in achieving universal health coverage, but it is far from enough. Health officials say one of the key measures to improve access to health services is for governments to increase their public health budgets. That, they say, would reduce the huge out-of-pocket expenses by families that are pushing millions of people into poverty.
32. What was the average life expectancy of people in Africa in 2000
A. 46. B. 54. C. 56. D. 64.
33. Which contributed to Africans5 life expectancy rise according to the text
A. Plenty of food supplies.
B. Improvement in basic health services.
C. Easier access to clean drinking water.
D. Progress in fighting against non-infectious diseases.
34. What does the underlined word “lagging” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Unique. B. Independent. C. Informal. D. Underdeveloped.
35. What’s WHO’s attitude towards Africa’s present situation
A. Positive. B. Uncertain. C. Concerned. D. Pessimistic.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有 两项为多余选项。
Try to picture the world before refrigerators. That may be difficult! 36 They may also help store leftovers there after dinner. Yes, life today would be quite different without refrigerators. How did people keep their food fresh before these machines were around
37 In cold areas, ancient people could freeze their food. They could then store it in ice and snow. Warmer places allowed for drying food in sunlight. Experts say these early practices gave people the option to settle and form communities.
One advanced method of food storage arose in Persia around 400 BC. People there stored food in structures called Yakhchal, which were buildings made from mud brick to keep ice frozen during even the warmest summer months. During the Middle Ages, people stored meat by salting or smoking it. 38 These foods could then be stored in cool places, like caves, allowing people to save food for difficult times.
Later, buildings called ice houses or ice pits were built upon the idea of the Yakhchal. Such ice houses were very common by the 1800s. At the end of the 19th century, many people kept their food fresh in iceboxes made of wood. 39 Ice delivery businesses grew with more homes requiring ice to store food.
By the 1930s, many people were using electric refrigerators to keep food fresh. 40 Many refrigerators today come with built-in ice makers. Some people even choose smart refrigerators that can help them with meal plans and grocery shopping.
A. They would also dry many foods, including grains.
B. These containers held large blocks of ice to keep food cool.
C. No one knows for sure how people first learned to store food.
D. After all, kids today are used to grabbing a snack from the fridge after school.
E. Since then, growth in technology has led these machines to become more advanced.
F. With no means to store food, ancient people often went hungry or even died.
G. Actually, people found different ways to keep their food fresh thousands of years ago.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Andrew Chilton was diagnosed with autism (自闭症) at age eight. There was a lot to 41 . Would he ever have a job Live 42 Doctors and school officials 43 that Andrew might not even graduate from high school.
Andrew’s family would do anything for him. Christy Chachere, the boy’s personal care attendant, saw the 44 right away. “You have to let him 45 ,” she told the family. “It’s the 46 way he learns to do things on his own.”
No longer would Andrew’s mother write his papers. His younger brother wouldn’t 47 him to operate the computer. Christy wouldn’t help him with homework either.
Andrew 48 . Loudly at times. But then what Christy expected began to 49 . Andrew would come home from school, get a snack and start on his homework. Christy was 50 there. She wouldn’t do his papers for him. But she showed him how to get organized. Best of all, Christy offered 51 once his work was done. She’d 52 him to a store where he could buy Pokémon cards. To the movies. Or out to eat his favorite food.
Christy has been with Andrew for six years. She has successfully helped 53 the life of a boy with autism. One 54 at a time, Andrew gained independence. He graduated from high school and entered community college. “Life has never been 55 ,” said Andrew.
41. A. put off B. worry about C. set aside D. settle down
42. A. flexibly B. fortunately C. creatively D. independently
43. A. whispered B. desired C. predicted D. witnessed
44. A. opinion B. chance C. problem D. ability
45. A. fail B. escape C. protect D. promise
46. A. easy B. normal C. quick D. only
47. A. help B. inspire C. allow D. refuse
48. A. apologized B. complained C. requested D. argued
49. A. pass B. reduce C. spread D. happen
50. A. always B. sometimes C. seldom D. never
51. A. quality B. measure C. freedom D. strength
52. A. follow B. take C. force D. introduce
53. A. ruin B. change C. occupy D. admire
54. A. discovery B. competition C. choice D. step
55. A. better B. busier C. easier D. quieter
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The world is in a climate crisis. We need to change how we get our power, which 56 (mean) we need to end the use of fossil fuels, like oil and gas. The European Space Agency (ESA) has started on work that could provide 57 (million) of homes with clean and reliable energy. It has approved 58 three-year project to test huge solar farms in space. These solar farms are expected 59 (send) energy wirelessly from space into peopled homes. An ESA spokesperson said one solar-farm satellite could create the same amount of electricity 60 a power station on Earth. She added that the satellites will be around 1.7 km in 61 (long) and their aim is to have many of these giant satellites 62 (place) in low-Earth orbits. They could cut our use of fossil fuels and reduce energy shortages.
The ESA project 63 (call) Solaris. Josef Aschbacher, 64 is currently the director-general of the ESA, said that Solaris could be of great significance. “We humans are consuming large quantities of fossil fuels. We need to change the way we produce energy. We especially need to reduce the fossil fuel part of our energy production,” said Josef. “It would be 65 (absolute) fantastic if we could do it from space. It would be a solution to lots of problems.”
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，你的新西兰交换生朋友Julia自到中国以来，因饮食不健康、缺乏锻炼等原因导致了一系列的健康问题，所以写信向你求助。请你用英语给她回封邮件，要点如下：
1. 帮她分析问题原因；
2. 替她找到解决方法。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整 的短文。
One Christmas Eve, my seventeen-year-old son called me from the bakery where he worked part-time. He was on the evening shift with a couple of co-workers, and the store was about to dose. The person from a local charity who was scheduled to pick up the leftover bread and cakes hadn’t shown up. He was worried about what to do with the food, so I suggested he call the manager to ask for advice. The manager told him to throw the leftovers into the garbage—approximately $1,500 worth of fresh baked goods.
It seemed completely wrong for all this good food to go to waste, so we talked about where we could take it. A new homeless shelter had just opened in our area, so I called and asked if they could use a delivery of free baked goods.
An excited staff member said, “Yes, please!” I drove to the bakery and, together with my son and his co-workers, we loaded up the truck and made our way to the homeless shelter. As we walked toward the entrance, a woman stopped and held open the door for us. Thinking we were staff, she thanked us for what we were doing and said she was really grateful for her new temporary home. She introduced herself and told us her street friends call her “Star”. We chatted for a while on the sidewalk with light snow falling around us. She said that moving off the streets into the shelter had saved her life.
Star told us she spent her days looking out for those who needed help and trying to do kind things for others whenever she could. Then she asked for a favor. She showed us a phone number. She’d wanted to tell her friend she was okay so he wouldn’t worry, but she couldn’t afford the long-distance call. I said I would be happy to pass on her message. She wrote his name on a card. Then she hugged us both, and we wished each other a merry Christmas.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
On Christmas morning, I called the number on the card. A man answered the phone. _______________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
A few months later, I was driving when I saw Star standing in the middle of the crosswalk. __________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
英语参考答案
第一部分 听力
1—5 BABAC 6—10 ACCBB 11—15 ACAAB 16—20 BCCBA
第二部分 阅读
第一节 阅读理解
21—23 ABD 24—27 DBBC 28—31CABD 32—35 ABDC
第二节 短文填空
36—40 DGABE
第三部分 语言运用
第一节 完形填空
41—45 BDCCA 46—50 DABDA 51—55 CBBDA
第二节 语法填空
56. means 57. millions 58. a 59. to send 60. as
61. length 62. placed 63. is called 64. who 65. absolutely
第四部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Julia,
Knowing that you are suffering from a series of health problems, I’m terribly sorry but I believe you needn’t worry too much since it’s not difficult to find out the reasons and you’re bound to deal with them.
As you have mentioned in your email, you have been crazy about Chinese food since you came to China. Actually, Chinese food is widely believed to be among the healthiest in the world. The problem is that you have been eating too much fried food and sweat snacks. So you should learn to be a smart eater. Meanwhile, you have been exercising too little. Lots of outdoor activities are arranged in our school each week and I hope you’ll take an active part in them.
It is high time you changed your lifestyle. Hopefully you can live happily and healthily in China.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
One possible version:
On Christmas morning, I called the number on the card. A man answered the phone. I told him who I was and that I had a message for him from Star. The man5s voice trembled with emotion when he heard the news. Then he thanked me for calling, for he had been extremely upset and anxious about Star. He was relieved to hear she was safe in the shelter. Meeting Star on Christmas Eve was more than a little magical. My son and I will always remember that evening.
A few months later, I was driving when I saw Star standing in the middle of the crosswalk. She stood with her arms stretched wide and a big smile on her face. She was standing between the cars and an older woman with a walking stick, making her way very slowly across the road. As soon as the woman had crossed the road safely, Star continued on her way. I smiled as I drove to my meeting, thinking about our neighbourhood “Star” doing her job.
【解题导语】这是一篇应用文，给喜欢读书的孩子们介绍了几家图书俱乐部。
21. A 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，Book Culture这家读书俱乐部周末有孩子们喜欢的作家讲故事。
22. B 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可推知，这两位可能是知名作家。
23. D 细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，这家图书俱乐部邀请读者与他们在课堂上阅读过作品的作者见面，并在友好的氛围中提问和了解故事。也就是说，在这家图书俱乐部里，读者可以与他们熟悉的作家交流。
【解题导语】这是一篇记叙文。谁说女子不如男。墨西哥刚刚迎来了第一位女大学生橄榄球运动员——21岁的安德里亚·马丁内斯，她将与男队友同场竞技。
24. D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Martinez is also not the first female college football kicker, although she is
the first one in Mexico.”可知，安德里亚·马丁内斯是墨西哥第一位女大学生橄榄球运会员。
25. B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When Martinez tried out for the team, she assumed the school had a women’s team where she might be placed, but was told she would be playing alongside the men.”可知，当马丁内斯参加球队选拔时，她以为学校有一个女队，她可能会被安排在那里，但被告知她将和男队员一起比赛。
26. B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The decision I made was to try a new sport. Nothing else”可推知，她从足球转行到橄榄球，是希望尝试一项新的运动。
27. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，让她感到满意的是她的事迹激励了孩子们追寻自己的梦想。也就是说，她给孩子们带来了好的影响。
【解题导语】这是一篇说明文。刚果民主共和国的霍加狓野生动物保护区是霍加狓和众多野生动物的避难所，但近年来，这些野生动物正受到采矿、偷猎、砍伐森林等人类活动的威胁。
28. C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Since 2002, the area has lost about 7% of its total forest cover.”可知，自2002年以来，该地区的森林覆盖面积减少了约7%。
29. A 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可推知，造成金矿周围野生动物灭绝的原因是矿工们猎捕它们当做食物。
30. B 推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推知，该地区森林有助于我们人类与气候变化作斗争，这使得保护该地区的森林显得尤为重要。
31. D 标题归纳题。文章首段最后一句“But despite its status, the reserve is under threat from human activities.
（但尽管它的地位，保护区正受到人类活动的威胁。）’’点明主题，全文都是围绕这个主题展开的。故选项D最符合作本文标题。
【解题导语】这是一篇新闻报道。世界卫生组织的一项评估报告显示，2000年至2019年间，非洲区域的人均健康预期寿命平均增加了10年，这一增幅高于同期世界任何其他地区。报告同时提醒，新冠疫情的破坏性影响可能会威胁到这些巨大的进步。
32. A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Life expectancy (寿命) in Africa rose by nearly 10 years in the first two decades of this century, according to the World Health Organization.”和第二段中的“In the year 2019, the average African could expect to live to be 56. However, that is still well below the global average of 64 years.”可推知，2000年非洲人的平均寿命为46岁。
33. B 细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，这里指出了非洲人人均寿命提高的几个因素，其中之一是基本医疗保健方面的改善。
34. D 词义猜测题。划线单词所在句意思是“尽管在预防和治疗传染病方面取得了进展，但报告发现，非
传染性疾病的卫生服务仍然落后。”该句中，while意思是“虽然；尽管”，表示转折对比。由此不难推断，划线单词lagging与前一句中的make progress表示相反的含义。也就是说，lagging意思是“落后的”。
35. C 推理判断题。根据文章内容，尤其是最后一段内容可推知，世界卫生组织虽然高度评价过去二十年里非洲取得的巨大进步，但对非洲未来卫生健康方面也有许多担忧（concerned），特别是对新冠疫情对非洲的影响、政府投资不足等方面。
【解题导语】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了在冰箱发明之前人们是如何保存食物的。
36. D 空格前两句意思是“试着想象一下冰箱之前的世界。这可能很难！”由此推断，接下来应该解释说明为什么很难想象没有冰箱的世界。选项D意思是“毕竟，今天的孩子们已经习惯了放学后从冰箱里拿零食”，正是对空格前句的解释，符合语境。
37. G 空格是主题句，空格后说的是在冰箱发明很久之前，人们就知道如何保存食物。由此推断，选项G（事实上，几千年前，人们发现了不同的方法来保持食物的新鲜）最能概括该段大意。
38. A 根据空格前一句可知，这里说的是中世纪人们如何保存食物的。选项A意思是“他们也会烘干许多食物，包括谷物”，这与前一句意义一致，且句中的many foods与下一句的these foods所指相同。
39. B 根据空格前一句可知，这里说的是19世纪末，许多人把食物放在木制的冰箱里保鲜。选项B意思是“这些容器里装着大块的冰来冷却食物”这与前一句意义一致，且句中的these containers与上一句的iceboxes所指相同。
40. E 最后一段说的是现代电冰箱问世了，电冰箱变得越来越先进。选项E意思是“从那时起，技术的发展使这些机器变得更加先进”，其中的时间状语then指的是上一句中的the 1930s。
【解题导语】这是一篇记叙文。安德鲁·奇尔顿是一个患有孤独症的孩子。幸运的是，他的私人护理员克里斯蒂·查切尔帮助他获得了新生。
41. B 根据下文可知，自闭症儿童的家庭有许多要担心的（worry about）。
42. D 根据下文可知，自闭症儿童缺乏基本的生存技能与社交技能，不能独立（independently）生活。
43. C 医生和学校官员预测（predict），安德鲁甚至可能不会从高中毕业。
44. C 安德鲁的家人会为他做任何事。男孩的私人护理员克里斯蒂·查切尔立刻发现了这个问题（problem）。
45. A “你必须让他失败（fail），”她告诉安德鲁的家人。“这是他学会自己做事的唯一（only）方法。”
46. D 解析见45题。
47. A 安德鲁的母亲不再替他做试卷了。他弟弟不肯帮（help）他操作电脑。克里斯蒂也不帮他做作业。
48. B 大家都不帮助他，安德鲁开始抱怨（complain）。有时声音很大。
49. D 但后来克里斯蒂所期望的事情出现了（happen）。安德鲁放学回家，吃点零食，然后开始做作业。
50. A 克里斯蒂总是（always）在那里。她不会帮他做作业，但她教他如何做事有条理。
51. C 根据下文可知，只要他完成工作，克里斯蒂就给他自由（freedom）。
52. B 她会带（take）他去商店，在那里他可以买Pokémon卡片。去看电影。或者出去吃他最喜欢的食物。
53. B 克里斯蒂和安德鲁在一起六年了。她成功地帮助一个患有自闭症的男孩改变（change）了生活。
54. D 一步（step）一步地，安德鲁学会了独立。他高中毕业后进入了社区大学。
55. A “生活从来没有这么好过（better）。”安德鲁说。
【解题导语】这是一篇说明文。太阳能可以在遥远的太空中收集，并以无线方式传输到地球上任何需要它 的地方。欧洲航天局（ESA)计划通过其Solaris计划研究使天基太阳能发电成为工作现实所需的关键技术。
56. means 考查时态语态和主谓一致。这里说的是客观情况，用一般现在时；which此处是单数意义，谓语动词需用三单形式。
57. millions 考查名词复数。millions of “成千上万的”，固定搭配。
58. a 考查冠词。依据题意可知，该空填a表示“一项”。
59. to send 考查非谓语动词。expect to do sth“期待做某事”这里用的是其被动语态。
60. as 考查介词。the same...as...是习惯搭配，意思是“和……一样”。
61. length 考查词性转换。介词in后跟名词作宾语。
62. placed 考查非谓语动词。have sth. done“请人或让人做某事”，其中过去分词作宾补，宾语many of these giant satellites与宾补动作place之间是被动关系。
63. is called 考查时态语态。主语The ESA project是谓语动词动作call的承受者，用被动语态；这里说的是客观事实，用一般现在时。
64. who 考查定语从句。关系代词who指代先行词Josef Aschbacher，引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。
65. absolutely 考查词性转换。空格中所填单词在句中修饰形容词fantastic，需填其副词形式。
附听力部分录音原文：
Text 1
M: When is Tom’s birthday
W: March 12th, just one day before mine.
Text 2
M: This is Hero Street. Where do you want to go
W: Let me get out there in front of that tree. That’s fine.
Text 3
M: Excuse me, could you please tell me the way to the town hall
W: I’m sorry. I’m a stranger here myself, but if you ask at the police station which is beside the supermarket, I’m sure they’ll help you.
Text 4
W: Please tell me how you’d like to spend the day. I’ve got a map here.
M: Well, first we’d like to go swimming. I know a very nice beach. Then perhaps we’d like to go water-skiing, but we’ve never tried it. We’re only used to skiing on snow.
Text 5
M: I’m going to the Shanghai Hospital. Is it close to the Shanghai Museum
W: I’m sorry you are going in the opposite direction. You’d better get off the bus at the next stop.
M: Gosh! Thank you very much.
W: You’re welcome.
Text 6
M: Mary, I hope you’re packed and ready to leave.
W: Yes, I’m packed, but not quite ready. I can’t find my passport. I only remember I put it in one of the bags.
M: Well, you have to look for it at the e on. The taxi is waiting.
W: The plane doesn’t leave for two hours. Anyway, I’m ready to go now.
M: Gosh, what a lot of baggage!
W: Well, you can’t depend on the weather. It might be cold.
M: Come on. We really must go.
W: Right, we’re ready. I’m sure there’s no need to rush.
M: There is! I asked the taxi driver to wait five minutes, not fifty.
Text 7
M: I’ll drive Nick to school so you can have more time at home finishing your report.
W: Thank you. Why didn’t you put the milk containers and the newspapers into Nick’s school recycle bag
M: They don’t need those.
W: Aren’t they collecting the recycling stuff for their school activity now
M: They only need the stuff they can use to receive money from the recycling center, such as water and juice bottles, as well as cans.
W: OK. Here is my juice bottle then.
Text 8
W: Good morning, sir. What can I do for you
M: Hi. I just bought this camera a few days ago, but when I took it out of the packing, I noticed that there was something wrong with the flash. When I try to photograph, the flash doesn’t go off.
W: I’m sorry you had a problem with our product. Do you still have the receipt
M: My receipt is right here along with the original box.
W: We don’t have that product at the moment, but we can exchange it for a camera of the same price. Or, I can ask the technician to fix it, or I can give your money back.
M: I think I’d like to get a new camera today instead of asking for my money back.
W: It looks like everything is in order. Why don’t you take a look around and see if there’s another model you like
Text 9
W: Hi, my name is Martha.
M: I’m Bill. Glad to meet you.
W: Yeah, so where are you from
M: I’m from Houston, Texas.
W: Oh, I’m from Southern California. I’m a freshman. What year are you in
M: This is my first year, too.
W: What made you decide to come to California for school I hear Austin has a good school.
M: It’s all right, but I think Berkeley is better.
W: So is this where you wanted to come
M: To tell you the truth, I wanted to go to Stanford. I made it on the waiting list, but 99% of the people accepted to Stanford go there.
W: Very true. But this is still a good school.
M: I’m not complaining. I just know that I wanted to come to California. Do you know what you plan on majoring in
W: I was thinking about political science, but now I’m learning towards English literature. How about you
M: I plan on majoring in electrical engineering.
Text 10
The procedures for renting an apartment in different countries, and even within the same area, city, or local area, can differ widely, and thus, knowing what to expect can help you in your apartment search.
First of all, decide on the type of apartment you want to rent. How big a place do you need How much money are you willing to spend Is public transportation available nearby Think carefully about what kind of place is right for you. Next, many apartments are advertised in the local newspaper. Looking over these ads will give you a general idea of the types of apartments available. Ask your friends and teachers if they can recommend any specific place to live. Then, figure out the exact costs for renting an apartment and determine your budget. In addition to your first month’s rent, you might have to pay some money in advance to cover any damage to the apartment. Finally, be sure to carefully read and understand the rental agreement, because once you sign, you will have to follow it. Ask questions if you aren’t sure.
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