学案10 连词及状语从句---备考2023中考英语二轮高频考点剖析学案(解析+原卷版)

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名称 学案10 连词及状语从句---备考2023中考英语二轮高频考点剖析学案(解析+原卷版)
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
学案13 连词及状语从句
备考2023中考英语二轮高频考点剖析学案
考点扫描☆聚焦中考
分析近年中考真题可知,中考主要考查并列连词与从属连词的混合辨析,主要在单项选择和完形填空中考查并列连词的辨析包括but、and、or在按要求完成句子中考查并列连词短语( not only...but also)等
高频考点一:并列连词
①表示平行或承接关系的:and,both...and...,neither...nor...,not only...but also...,as well as等;表示转折关系的:but,yet,while,however等;表示选择关系的:or,either...or...,not...but...;表示因果关系的:for,so等。
②both...and...连接主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;neither...nor...,not only...but...also...,either...or...连接主语时,谓语动词遵循“就近原则”;as well as连接主语时,谓语动词与前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。so与because,but与although/though不能同时出现在一个句子中,二者只能选其一;and用于肯定句中,or用于否定句或选择疑问句中。
高频考点二: 从属连词
从属连词是指用于连接各种从句的连词。
引导名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)的从属连词有that,whether,if(是否),as if;连接代词有who,whom,whose,which,what等;连接副词有when,where,how,why等。
引导状语从句的从属连词
①引导时间状语从句的连词有:when,while,as,until/till,as soon as,before,after等。
特别提示:while与as只能和延续性动词连用;若as soon as引导的时间状语从句中主句用一般将来时,则从句用一般现在时表示一般将来时。
②引导目的状语从句的连词有so,so that,in order that,in case等。
③引导原因状语从句的连词有:because,as,for,since等。
④引导结果状语从句的连词有:so...that,such...that等,so修饰adj.或adv.。such修饰名词,当名词前面有many,much,few或little修饰时,应用so。
⑤引导让步状语从句的连词有:although,though,however(=no matter how),even if/though等。
⑥引导比较状语从句的连词有:as,than,as...as,not so/as...as等。
⑦引导条件状语从句的连词有:if,unless,as/so long as等。
⑧引导地点状语从句的连词有:where,wherever。
高频考点三: 状语从句
①在条件和时间状语从句中应用一般现在时态表示将来。
②though与but;because与so不能用在同一个句子中。
③while引导时间状语从句时,从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。
④too…to与so…that与enough to do sth.之间可互换。
⑤if条件状语从句可与“祈使句+and/or”互换。如:
If we don't hurry,we'll miss the train.
=Hurry up,or we'll miss the train.
考点剖析☆名师点拨
高频考点剖析一:连词的分类
1.根据连词的形式,连词可分为简单连词(单个词)、关联连词(两个以上的词(组)一起构成,分为两个部分对称使用)和短语连词(两个以上的词一起构成)。
eg:The winter in Beijing is very cold while that in Kunming is warm.北京的冬天很冷,然而昆明的冬天却很暖和。(简单连词)
2.根据连词在句子中所起的作用,连词可分为并列连词和从属连词。并列连词是指用以连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句子的连词,如:and,but,so,for,or,both...and...,not only...but also...等。从属连词是指用以引导从句的连词,如:when,while,as,after,before,as soon as,until,if,because,although,though,than等。
eg:You can use my car as long as you return it before Friday.只要你周五之前回来,你就可以用我的车。
注:从属连词可引导状语从句和名词性从句(that,whether/if等)
连词的特点
一般情况下,连词不充当任何句子成分。除名词性从句中的that之外,其余连词都有词义。
连词一般包括以下关系:(并列或从属)
⑴表联合、递进或顺承关系的并列连词:and“和”;“加”;“接着”;“而且”;“又”;“那么”,both...and...“两者都”“既……又……”;“不但……而且……”,not only/just...but (also)...“不仅……而且……”,as well as“既……又……”;“不仅……而且……”等。
eg:①Both my father and I are busy painting the sitting room today.我和我父亲今天都在忙于粉刷客厅。
②He likes basketball as well as football.他喜欢篮球运动,也喜欢足球运动。
⑵表转折关系的并列连词:but“但是”“不过,另一方面,但与此同时,(诚然)……但”(表示转折,语气较强。);while“而”表示鲜
明对比。往往连接内容和结构对称的句子,一般位于句中;yet“然而,但是”(表示含惊讶之意的转折)。
eg:①John likes playing basketball,but he didn’t play it yesterday.约翰喜欢打篮球,但他昨天没打。
⑶表选择关系的并列连词:or“或;或者;还是(肯定句)”“也不(否定句=and no)”,either…or“或者……或者……”;“要么……要么……”,neither...nor...“既不……也不……”;“既非……又非……”,not…but…“不是……而是……”,otherwise(=or(else))“否则,要不然”。
eg:Would you like to leave or would you like to stay 你是想走呢还是想留下?
⑷表因果关系的并列连词:so“因此”,for“因为”。eg:It was too late,so we went home.时间太晚了,因此我想去家里了。
⑸表示时间关系的并列连词:when“这时”(=and then)(表示一个动作发生时,另一个动作接着发生。固定搭配为:be doing“正在做……”/had(just)done“刚做……”/be about to do(=be on the point of doing)“正要做……”…when“这时”)eg:I was about to go to bed when my mother knocked at the door.
注:yet和still是半并列接词。但语气不如and,but,or等连词强。另外,它们前面还可加and或but。
eg:I got up very early,(and)yet I failed to catch the first bus.
六.表时间关系的从属连词:when/while/as“当……的时候”,as“随着;一边……,一边……”,before“在……之前”;“还没来得及……就……”;“还没有”;“尚未”;“趁着……没有”“……就”“……才”,once“一旦”;“一……就”,after“在……之后”,since“自从……以来”,until/till“直到”,every time“每一次”,the moment/as soon as,the first/second...time从句,no sooner+过去完成时倒装+than(=hardly+过去完成时倒装+when/before)“一……就……”等
七.表地点关系的从属连词:where“在……地方”,wherever(=everywhere)“在/到任何……的地方”
八.表条件关系的从属连词:if/unless“如果(不)”,as/so long as“只要”in case“假使”
九.表目的关系的从属连词:in order that/ so that“以便;为了”,for fear that“惟恐,生怕”,in case“以防”
十.表原因关系的从属连词:because,since(=now that),as“因为”,considering that“考虑到”,that“因为,由于”
十一.表结果关系的从属连词:that“以至于”,so that“结果……”,so...that,such...that“如此……以致于……”
表让步的从属连词:although/though/while/as“尽管”,even though/even if“即使”,疑问词+ever“无论”,no matter…“无论……” ,whether…or…“不管/无论……还是……”等
表方式的从属连词:as if/as though“好像”,as“像,如”,just as“正如,正像”,如”,as far as“就……”
表比较关系的从属连词:as...as“和……一样”,not so(as)...as“不像……那样”,than“比”,The+比较句...,the+比较句...“越……,越……”
4.连词的连用
if不可与and连用;because不与so连用;although/though/while/as(尽管)不与but,however等连用,但可与yet,still连用。eg:①Because her parents died,she had to make a living by herself.
高频考点剖析二:并列句的用法
一.表联合、递进或顺承关系的并列连词:and“和”;“加”;“接着”;“那么”;“而且”;“又”,not only/just...but (also)...“不仅……而且……”等。常考结构为:祈使句+and/or+句子。或名词短语+and+句子。
eg:①Arrive early,and you'll catch the first bus.
②Another ten minutes,and I'll finish my homework.
二.表转折关系的并列连词:but“但是”;“不过,另一方面,但与此同时,(诚然)……但”(表示转折,语气较强。);while“而”(表示对比两件事物或相反的情况,常用来连接两个意义对立的分句。);yet“然而,但是”(表示含惊讶之意的转折);whereas“但是,却”(用于说某事不适用于所有情况)。
注:but,while,however的区别
⒈but 表示语意转折,语气较强,在意义上与前述情况相反或表示与所预料的不一样。一般位于句中。
eg:We had thought it difficult,but we worked it out at last.
⒉while conj.表示鲜明对比。往往连接内容和结构对称的句子,一般位于句中。
eg:Jane was dressed in brown while Mary was dressed in blue.
⒊however adv.其后要有逗号隔开。可位于句首、句末或句中。
eg:①He said that it was so.he was mistaken,however.他说情况是这样。然而,他错了。
三.表选择关系的并列连词:otherwise=or( else)“否则;要不然”,either…or“或者……或者……”;“那么……那么……”,neither...nor...“既不……也不……”;“既非……又非……”,not...but...“不是……,而是……”。
eg: Either we live in the truth,or we live in lies.
四.表因果关系的并列连词:so“因此”,for“因为”。
eg:The leaves of the trees are falling,for it’s already autumn.
五.表时间关系的并列连词:when“这时”(=and then)(表示一个动作发生时,另一个动作接着发生。固定搭配为:be doing“正在做……”/had(just)done“刚做……”/be about to do(=be on the point of doing)“正要做……”…when“这时”)
eg:He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in.
高频考点剖析三:状语从句的用法
一.结构
主句+引导词+从句.或引导词+从句,主句.
eg:You are sure to pass the exam if you work hard.=If you work hard,you are sure to pass the exam.如果你努力学习的话,你一定会通过考试。
二.分类
状语从句可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句、比较状语从句。
三.特点
状语从句都有引导词,它为主句提供一种状况。引导词一般都不充当任何句子成分。
注:
引导状语从句的连词表
状语从句 从属连词(作引导词)
时间状语从句 when/while/as“当……的时候”,as“随着;一边……,一边……”,before“在……之前”“还没来得及……就……”;“还没有”;“尚未”;“趁着……没有”“……就”“……才”,once“一旦”;“一……就”,after“在……之后”,since“自从……以来”,until/til“直到”l,every time“每一次”,the moment/as soon as,the first/second...time从句,no sooner+过去完成时倒装+than(=hardly+过去完成时倒装+when/before)“一……就……”等
地点状语从句 where“在……地方”,wherever(=everywhere)“在/到任何……的地方”
条件状语从句 if/unless“如果(不)”,as/so long as“只要”in case“假使”
目的状语从句 in order that/ so that“以便;为了”,for fear that“惟恐,生怕”,in case“以防”
原因状语从句 because,since(=now that),as,considering that“考虑到”,that“因为,由于”
结果状语从句 that“以至于”,so that“结果……”,so...that,such...that“如此……以致于……”
让步状语从句 although/though/while/as“尽管”,even though/even if“即使”,疑问词+ever“无论”,no matter…“无论……”,
方式状语从句 as if/as though“好像”,as“像;如”,just as“正如,正像”,as,as far as“就……”
比较状语从句 as...as“和……一样”,not so(as)...as“不像……那样”,than“比”,The+比较句...,the+比较句...“越……,越……”
四.用法
㈠时间状语从句
⑴when,while,as“当……的时候”的区别
①when从句可引导一个延续性动作,也可引导一个短暂性动作。既可与主句动作同时发生,又可先后发生。
②while从句只能引导一个延续性动作。表示主句动作发生在while从句所表达的时间段之内。侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。
③as用法同when相似,但更侧重主从句动作发生的同时性。
注1:当when引导的时间状语从句为系表结构,其主语与主句主语一致,且表语为名词时,可用as引导的省略句来代替when引导的从句。
注2:如果主句表示的是短暂的动作,从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作,此时when, while和as可以互换使用。
注3:as有“随着;一边……,一边……”的意思,表示动作交替进行,侧重于主、从句动作在同一时间点或同一时间段进行。
注4:
①作并列连词,when有“这时”的意思(=and then)。表示一个动作发生时,另一个动作接着发生。固定搭配为:be doing/had(just)done/be about to(=be on the point of doing)…when“这时”。
②作并列连词,while有“然而,可是”的意思,表示对比。
eg:When/While/As we were dancing, a stranger came in.
⑵before的用法
before原意为“在……之前”,另外它还有以下的意思。
①“还没来得及……就……”;“还没有”;“尚未”;“趁着……没有”
eg:He died before he wrote a will.
②“……就”(强调时间、距离很短;花费的精力小;过程顺利)
eg:I hadn’t waited long before he came.
③“……才”(强调时间、距离很长;花费的精力大;过程曲折)
eg:It will be five years before we meet again.
注:句型:It will be+一段时间+before…“过多久就……”或“还要多久才……”
eg:①It won’t be long before we meet again.过不了多长时间我们就会再见面了。
②It will be half a year before I come back.半年后我才能回来。
⑶till/until的用法
一般情况下,till/until可以通用。但在强调句型中或not until位于句首时(应用半倒装),此时只可用until。
till/until用于肯定句时,主句须和延续性动词或重/反复性动词连用,意为“直到……为止”。 till/until用于否定句时,主句须和短暂性动词连用,意为“不到……不;直到……才”。
eg:①He didn’t go to bed until/till his parents came back last night.
②We waited until/till Tom arrived here yesterday.
⑷as soon as,once引导时间状语从句的区别
as soon as强调时间的紧接性,意为“一……就”。
once带有条件意味,意为“一旦”。
eg:I'll tell you as soon as he comes back.
㈡地点状语从句
地点状语从句常由where,wherever引导。
eg:They were warmly welcomed wherever they went.
㈢条件状语从句
注意unless(=if...not)“除非”;“如果不”的用法,它符合“主将从现”原则。
eg:We won’t have a picnic unless it’s sunny tomorrow.如果明天天气不放晴,我们将不去野餐。
㈣目的状语从句
so that既可引导目的状语从句(有情无逗)意为“以便,为了”;也可引导结果状语从句(无情有逗)意为“结果……”。
eg:I’ll speak slowly so that you can understand me.
㈤原因状语从句
because,since,as,for的区别
⑴because,as,since为从属原因连词,而for为并列原因连词。
⑵because“因为”,语气最强,多用于直接的、听者未知的原因,常常位于句尾,成为信息的焦点。既能回答why的提问,也能用于强调句型中,还可用于搭配not...but...或与强调词just,only,merely及否定词not连用;一般位于主句之后,只有在表示强调时才位于主句之前。
eg:—Why didn’t you phone me last night 昨天晚上你为什么没有给我打电话?
—Because I didn’t want to disturb you.因为我不想打扰你
⑶as“由于”,语气较弱,表示明显的、已知的事实。主从句所表达的内容同等重要,二者之间存在有因果关系。有时as含有“既然”的意思(=since)。
eg:As he’s a qualified doctor,I trust his advice on medical matters.由于他是一位合格的医生,所以我信任他在医疗事情上的建议。
⑷since(=now that)“既然”,主要用于口语,语气较弱,表示微弱的原因,或是就对方陈述的事实作为理由。主从句因果关系不明显。常位于句首。
eg:Since we have come,let’s stay and enjoy it.既来之,则安之。
⑸for“因为”,语气最弱,表示对某一事实进行推断的或附加说明的理由,是对已发生情况的补充说明。一般不位于句首。
eg:He can’t have gone,for the light is still on.他不可能走了,因为灯还在亮着呢。
㈥结果状语从句
so……that与such……that“如此……以致于……”的区别
⑴二者都可引导结果状语从句。
⑵so为adv,such为adj。
⑶二者结构分别为:
so+adj/adv原级+that ×××××××××××
so+adj+a/an+n(可单)+that such+a/an+adj+n(可单)+that
so+many/few+ns(可复)+that such+adj+ns(可复) +that
so+much/little(少的)+n(不可数)+that such+adj+n(不可数)+that
(注:只修饰形容词、副词原级时,只可用so。
修饰单数名词时,二者可以互换。(即:so+adj+a/an+n(可单)+that =such+a/an+adj+n(可单)+that)
修饰复数和不可数名词时,多多少少用so,不多不少用such.)
eg:He was so careless that he forgot to write his name on the paper.
㈦让步状语从句
⑴though/as意为“尽管”时的用法。
(最高级前无冠词)adj/adv+as/though+主+系v/谓语v+其它,
(前无冠词)n+as/though+主+系v/谓语v+其它,
V原形(短语)+as/though+主+助v/情态v+其它,
eg:①Angry as/though he was,he managed to speak calmly.
②Child as/though he is,he knows a lot.
③Change your mind as/though you will,you will gain no additional support.
⑵while引导的让步状语从句通常位于主句之前。
eg:While I always felt I would pass the exam,I never thought I would get an A.
㈧方式状语从句
方式状语从句应放在主句之后。常用as if/as though/just as/as/as far as引导。
eg:①Do as you are told to,or you’ll be fired.
②The old lady treats the boy as he were he own son.
③I feel as if I have a fever.
㈨比较状语从句
注:what/as/be like也可引导对称或对比关系的状语从句。
句型为:A is to B what/as/be like C is to D.“A对于B而言正如C对于D那样。”
eg:Food is to men what/as/is like oil is to machines.
㈩whatever,whichever,whichever+n(s),whoever,however,whenever,wherever引导让步状语从句的情况。
whatever=no matter what(引导让步状语从句)或whatever=anything that(引导名词性从句)
whoever=no matter who(引导让步状语从句)或whoever=anybody who(引导名词性从句)
whichever=no matter which(引导让步状语从句)或any which(引导名词性从句)
whichever+n(s)=no matter which+n(s)(引导让步状语从句)或any+n(s) which(引导名词性从句)
however=no matter how(引导让步状语从句)
whenever=no matter when(引导让步状语从句)
wherever=no matter where(引导让步状语从句)
(十一)有些可以作副词的连词:though,in case,(ever) since等。
eg:①He is young.He knows a lot,though.=Though he is young,he knows a lot.
②I don’t think it will rain,but I’ll take an umbrella,just in case.= I’ll take an umbrella just in case it should rain.
③He came here in 2000.He has been working here ever since.= He has been working here ever since he came here in 2000.
(十二)在主将从现原则中,从句可用一般现在时或现在完成时表示将来。(注:主将从现原则具体内容:在时间或条件状语从句中,如果主句为将来时或表示将来时含义的句子(如:祈使句、情态句等),那么从句常用一般现在时或现在完成时表示将来。)
eg:We will have a picnic if it is fine tomorrow.
考点过关☆专项突破
1.(2022·贵州毕节·统考一模)—I saw Tom’s father buy lots of books yesterday.
—That’s not strange. ________ Tom ________ his father enjoy reading.
A.Neither; nor B.Both; and C.Either; or D.Not only; but also
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——昨天我看见汤姆的父亲买了很多书。——这并不奇怪。汤姆和他父亲都喜欢读书。
考查连词辨析。neither…nor既不……也不;both…and……和……都;either…or要么……要么;not only…but also不但……而且。根据“I saw Tom’s father buy lots of books yesterday”及“That’s not strange”可知,Tom和他父亲都喜欢读书,所以看到他买许多书并不觉得奇怪,排除A和C选项。both…and连接并列主语,谓语用原形;not only…but also连接并列主语,谓语遵循就近原则。根据enjoy可知,应选择both…and,故选B。
2.(2022·广西河池·统考三模)My watch is really old, ________ I still want to keep it.
A.so B.or C.but D.and
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我的手表真得很旧,但是我仍然想要保留它。
考查连词词义辨析。so因此;or或者,否则;but但是;and和。根据句意可知,虽然手表很旧,但我想要保留它,所以句子前后是转折关系。选项C“但是”符合语境。故选C。
3.(2022·四川乐山·统考模拟预测)— Did you see the new movie last weekend
— Yes. It was good, ________ I missed the beginning.
A.and B.but C.so
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你上周看过这部新电影吗?——是的。它是好看的,但是我错过了开头。
考查连词辨析。and和,表并列;but但是,表转折;so所以,后加结果。根据“Yes. It was good,...I missed the beginning.”可知,前后句表转折。故选B。
4.(2022·安徽合肥·校联考三模)— Everyone works so hard.
— Yes. We must work hard now we’ll regret when we are older.
A.and B.if C.but D.or
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——每个人工作都很努力。——是的。我们现在必须努力工作,否则我们以后会后悔的。
考查连词用法。and和,表示并列;if如果,引导条件状语从句;but但是,表示转折;or否则,表示选择。根据“…we’ll regret when we are older.”可知,如果不努力就会后悔,此处应表达“否则”的含义。故选D。
5.(2022·黑龙江佳木斯·统考二模)— How do you like the two T-shirts
— They don’t fit me. They are ________ too big ________ too small for me.
A.either, or B.neither, nor C.not only, but also
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你觉得这两件 T 恤怎么样?——它们不适合我。它们对我来说要么太大要么太小了。
考查并列连词辨析。either…or… 要么……要么……;neither…nor…既不……也不……;not only…but also…不但……而且……。根据“They don’t fit me. ”以及“…too big…too small”可知,应为它们对我来说要么太大要么太小,应填either…or “要么……要么……”。故选A。
6.(2022·福建厦门·统考二模)Giving up is quite easy ________ sticking to what we love is difficult.
A.if B.so C.while
【答案】C
【详解】句意:放弃是很容易的,而坚持我们所爱的是困难的。
考查连词。if如果;so所以;while然而。根据“Giving up is quite easy … sticking to what we love is difficult.”可知,前半部分是说放弃很容易,后半部分是说坚持我们所爱的是困难的,表转折,故选C。
7.(2022·四川成都·统考二模)As the saying goes, everything is good when new, ________ friends when old.
A.or B.but C.and
【答案】B
【详解】句意:俗话说,东西是新的好,朋友是老的亲。
考查连词辨析。or或者;but但是;and和。根据语境以及“when new...when old”可知,设空前后句之间是转折关系,因此应用并列连词but符合语境。故选B。
8.(2022·辽宁沈阳·统考一模)Don’t drink coffee before going to bed, ________ you can’t fall asleep easily.
A.or B.and C.so D.but
【答案】A
【详解】句意:睡觉前不要喝咖啡,否则你不会很容易入睡。
考查连词辨析。 or否则;and和;so因此;but但是。根据“Don’t drink coffee before going to bed”和“you can’t fall asleep easily”可知,空前和空后两句话之间是转折关系,睡前不要喝咖啡,否则很难入睡,所以空处应该填写表达“否则”的连词,故选A。
9.(2022·北京海淀·清华附中校考三模)—Hi, Mike! Would you like to fly kites with me
—I’d like to, ________ I have to finish my question survey first.
A.so B.and C.but D.or
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你好,麦克。你想和我一起去放风筝么?——我愿意,但是我必须首先完成我的问卷调查。
考查连词。so因此;and和;but但是;or或者。根据“I’d like to”和“I have to finish my question survey first”可知,后面的句子表达转折,用连词“but”表达“但是”。故选C。
10.(2022·天津南开·统考二模)Helen is going to Beijing ______ her granddaughter’s birthday is coming.
A.or B.but C.so D.because
【答案】D
【详解】句意:海伦要去北京,因为她孙女的生日就要到了。
考查连词辨析。 or或者,表示选择关系;but但是,表示转折关系;so因此、所以,表示结果;because因为,表示原因。根据“Helen is going to Beijing”和“ her granddaughter’s birthday is coming.”可知,前后两句是因果关系,后句是前一句的原因,故选D。
11.(2022·江苏南通·统考一模)The company can give you more chances, _________ increase your pay by 40%.
A.as soon as B.as good as C.as well as D.as possible as
【答案】C
【详解】句意:公司可以给你更多机会,同时给你增加40%的工资。
考查连词的词义辨析。as soon as一……就……;as good as和……一样好;as well as和……一样好,也,又,还;as possible as尽可能地。根据“give you more chances”和“increase your pay by 40%”可知,提供机会和加薪,这些都是公司能给到的福利,两者是并列的关系,用as well as来连接。故选C。
12.(2022·湖南湘西·统考二模)Bing Dwen Dwen is very cute, ________ we all like it very much.
A.so B.but C.because
【答案】A
【详解】句意:冰墩墩非常可爱,所以我们都非常喜欢它。
考查连词辨析。so因此;but但是;because因为。分析前后句句意可知,由前句“Bing Dwen Dwen is very cute,”引出了后句“we all like it very much.”的结果,故空处应用so引导。故选A。
13.(2022·山东滨州·统考一模)Using a reusable bag while shopping will ________ save you money ________ help protect environment.
A.between; and B.either; or C.not only; but also D.neither; nor
【答案】C
【详解】句意:购物时使用可重复使用的袋子不仅可以节省你的钱,还有助于保护环境。
考查连词辨析。between...and在两者之间;either...or或者,或者;not only...but also不但……而且;neither...nor既不……也不。根据“Using a reusable bag while shopping will...save you money...help protect environment”可知使用可重复使用袋子不仅可以省钱,还可以保护环境,前后表示顺承关系,用not only...but also。故选C。
14.(2022·贵州黔东南·校联考一模)—What are you doing
—I am watching the Tik Tok, it is very popular. ________ the young ________ the old are very interested in it.
A.Not only; but also B.Either; or C.Neither; nor D.Between; and
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你在干什么?——我在看抖音,它很受欢迎。不仅年轻人而且老年人都对它都很感兴趣。
考查连词辨析。Not only...but also不仅……而且……;Either...or或者……或者……;Neither...nor既不……也不……;Between...and在……和……之间。根据“it is very popular.”可知,此处是指不仅年轻人而且老年人都对它很感兴趣。故选A。
15.(2022·北京平谷·统考一模)David has a cold, ________ he can’t come to school today.
A.or B.so C.but D.for
【答案】B
【详解】句意:大卫感冒了,所以他今天不能来上学了。
考查连词辨析。or或者;so因此;but但是;for因为。根据“David has a cold, … he can’t come to school today”可知,因为感冒了所以不能上学,应填so,故选B。
16.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨风华中学校考模拟预测)—Will you come to Lucy’s birthday party
—I won’t come unless I ________.
A.invite B.will be invited C.am invited
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你会来参加露西的生日聚会吗?——除非我被邀请,否则我不会来。
考查被动语态。根据“I won’t come unless I ...”可知,该句是unless引导的条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”,即从句要用一般现在时;再根据“我”是“被邀请”可知,此处要用一般现在时的被动语态,结构为be done。故选C。
17.(2022·甘肃平凉·统考一模)________ you read it, you can’t imagine how moving the story is.
A.Unless B.Because C.Although D.When
【答案】A
【详解】句意:如果你没有阅读它,你就无法想象这个故事有多感人。
考查从属连词辨析。Unless除非,如果不;Because因为;Although虽然,即便;When什么时候。根据“you read it, you can’t imagine how moving the story is”可知,如果你没有阅读它,你就无法想象这个故事有多感人,应用unless来引导条件状语从句。故选A。
18.(2022·江苏连云港·校考二模)You may easily lose your way in the rain forest ________ you don’t have a map or a guide.
A.if B.unless C.though D.until
【答案】A
【详解】句意:如果你没有地图或向导,你可能很容易在雨林迷路。
考查连词辨析。if如果;unless除非;though虽然;until直到。根据“You may easily lose your way in the rain forest...you don’t have a map or a guide.”可知,你容易在雨林中迷路如果没有地图或向导,后句为前句情况出现的条件,用if引导的条件状语从句。故选A。
19.(2022·贵州毕节·统考一模)We can’t use the phone ________ we are far from the gas (天然气) station.
A.after B.when C.though D.until
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我们不能使用电话,直到我们远离加油站。
考查连词辨析。after在……以后;when当……时;though尽管;until直到。根据“We can’t use the phone ... we are far from the gas (天然气) station.”可知,直到我们距离加油站很远了,我们才能使用电话;not ... until“直到……才……”。故选D。
20.(2022·江苏泰州·校考三模)I still keep taking exercise every day ________ I am busy with so many subjects.
A.until B.if C.because D.although
【答案】D
【详解】句意:尽管我忙于许多科目,但我仍然每天都在锻炼。
考查让步状语从句。until直到;if如果;because因为;although尽管。根据“I still keep taking exercise every day”和“I am busy with so many subjects”可知,空格前后为转折关系,空格处应用although引导让步状语从句。故选D。
21.(2022·河北邢台·校考三模)I didn’t know your sister came back _________ I met her in the street.
A.since B.when C.until D.after
【答案】C
【详解】句意:直到我在街上遇到你姐姐,我才知道她回来了。
考查连词辨析。since自从;when当……时候;until直到;after在……以后。根据“I didn’t know your sister came back ... I met her in the street.”可知,直到遇到了你姐姐,才知道她回来了,用until引导时间状语从句。故选C。
22.(2022·江西·校联考一模)He won’t go to the party unless his good friend Bob ________.
A.invites B.is inviting C.is invited D.will be invited
【答案】C
【详解】句意:除非他的好朋友鲍勃被邀请,否则他不会去参加聚会。
考查时态及语态。句子是unless引导的条件状语从句,应用一般现在时,从句中主语his good friend Bob与谓语invite之间为被动关系,此处应用be done,故选C。
23.(2022·浙江温州·温州市第二实验中学校考一模)It’s a good habit for students to make a study plan ________ they start to work.
A.until B.before C.since D.unless
【答案】B
【详解】句意:学生在开始工作之前制定一个学习计划是一个好习惯。
考查连词辨析。until直到;before在……之前;since自从;unless除非,如果不。根据“It’s a good habit for students to make a study plan ... they start to work.”可知,此处是指在学生们开始工作之前制定一个学习计划是一个好的习惯,用before连接。故选B。
24.(2022·湖北省直辖县级单位·统考一模)Kate wants to lose weight, but she can’t make it ________ she stops eating snacks after every meal.
A.if B.unless C.after D.because
【答案】B
【详解】句意:凯特想减肥,但除非她每顿饭后都停止吃零食,否则她无法减肥。
考查连词辨析。if如果;unless除非;after在……之后;because因为。根据“she can’t make it ... she stops eating snacks after every meal”可知,除非凯特停止饭后吃零食,否则她无法做到减肥,此处用unless引导条件状语从句。故选B。
25.(2022·江西萍乡·统考模拟预测)The English teacher explained the grammar to us ________ until everyone of us understood it.
A.quickly B.loudly C.patiently D.suddenly
【答案】C
【详解】句意:英语老师向我们耐心地讲解语法,直到我们每个人都听懂为止。
考查副词辨析。quickly快速地;loudly大声地;patiently耐心地;suddenly突然。结合句意可知,直到我们每个人都听懂为止,应该是耐心地讲解。故选C。
26.(2022·河北石家庄·统考三模)Jimmy goes to the park to do exercise every morning ________ the bad weather stops him.
A.if B.when C.since D.unless
【答案】D
【详解】句意:吉米每天早上去公园锻炼身体,除非恶劣的天气阻止他。
考查条件状语从句。if如果;when当……的时候;since自从;unless除非。结合句意可知,没有恶劣的天气是吉米每天早上去公园锻炼身体的前提条件,即除非恶劣的天气阻止他。故选D。
27.(2022·江西赣州·统考一模)They insist on living in a small village among the mountains _______ that can get closer to nature.
A.until B.unless C.even though D.so that
【答案】D
【详解】句意:这对老夫妇坚持住在一个群山环绕的小村庄里,以便他们能更接近大自然。
考查连词词义的辨析。until直到;unless 除非;even though即使;so that以便,为了。分析句意可知,这对老夫妇坚持住在一个群山环绕的小村庄里的目的是为了能更接近大自然,故此处应用so that引导目的状语从句。故选D。
28.(2022·山西晋中·统考一模)—She may need some help ________ she’s new here.
—Let’s help her as much as possible.
A.because B.unless C.though
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——她也许需要一些帮助,因为她是新来的。——让我们尽可能多地帮助她吧。
考查连词辨析。because因为;unless除非;though虽然。根据“She may need some help ... she’s new here.”可知,句子前后是因果关系,前果后因,用because引导原因状语从句。故选A。
29.(2022·山西晋中·统考二模)—The medical workers from other places worked in Shanghai for many days.
—Yes. ________ they were also tired, they tried to help Shanghai out.
A.Because B.Unless C.Although
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——来自外地的医务人员在上海工作了许多天。——是的。虽然他们也很累,但他们还是尽力帮助上海。
考查连词辨析。Because因为;Unless除非;Although尽管。“they were also tired”表示让步,此处指虽然很累,但还是尽力帮助上海,用Although引导让步状语从句。故选C。
30.(2022·山西太原·山西实验中学校考模拟预测)Everyone may make mistakes, but we should take action to change the situation ________ it gets worse.
A.before B.after C.since
【答案】A
【详解】句意:每个人都可能犯错误,但我们应该在事态恶化之前采取行动改变局面。
考查从属连词辨析。before在……之前;after在……之后;since自从。根据“it gets worse”可知应该是在事实恶化之前采取行动,因此应用before引导时间状语从句。故选A。
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学案13 连词及状语从句
备考2023中考英语二轮高频考点剖析学案
考点扫描☆聚焦中考
分析近年中考真题可知,中考主要考查并列连词与从属连词的混合辨析,主要在单项选择和完形填空中考查并列连词的辨析包括but、and、or在按要求完成句子中考查并列连词短语( not only...but also)等
高频考点一:并列连词
①表示平行或承接关系的:and,both...and...,neither...nor...,not only...but also...,as well as等;表示转折关系的:but,yet,while,however等;表示选择关系的:or,either...or...,not...but...;表示因果关系的:for,so等。
②both...and...连接主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;neither...nor...,not only...but...also...,either...or...连接主语时,谓语动词遵循“就近原则”;as well as连接主语时,谓语动词与前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。so与because,but与although/though不能同时出现在一个句子中,二者只能选其一;and用于肯定句中,or用于否定句或选择疑问句中。
高频考点二: 从属连词
从属连词是指用于连接各种从句的连词。
引导名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)的从属连词有that,whether,if(是否),as if;连接代词有who,whom,whose,which,what等;连接副词有when,where,how,why等。
引导状语从句的从属连词
①引导时间状语从句的连词有:when,while,as,until/till,as soon as,before,after等。
特别提示:while与as只能和延续性动词连用;若as soon as引导的时间状语从句中主句用一般将来时,则从句用一般现在时表示一般将来时。
②引导目的状语从句的连词有so,so that,in order that,in case等。
③引导原因状语从句的连词有:because,as,for,since等。
④引导结果状语从句的连词有:so...that,such...that等,so修饰adj.或adv.。such修饰名词,当名词前面有many,much,few或little修饰时,应用so。
⑤引导让步状语从句的连词有:although,though,however(=no matter how),even if/though等。
⑥引导比较状语从句的连词有:as,than,as...as,not so/as...as等。
⑦引导条件状语从句的连词有:if,unless,as/so long as等。
⑧引导地点状语从句的连词有:where,wherever。
高频考点三: 状语从句
①在条件和时间状语从句中应用一般现在时态表示将来。
②though与but;because与so不能用在同一个句子中。
③while引导时间状语从句时,从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。
④too…to与so…that与enough to do sth.之间可互换。
⑤if条件状语从句可与“祈使句+and/or”互换。如:
If we don't hurry,we'll miss the train.
=Hurry up,or we'll miss the train.
考点剖析☆名师点拨
高频考点剖析一:连词的分类
1.根据连词的形式,连词可分为简单连词(单个词)、关联连词(两个以上的词(组)一起构成,分为两个部分对称使用)和短语连词(两个以上的词一起构成)。
eg:The winter in Beijing is very cold while that in Kunming is warm.北京的冬天很冷,然而昆明的冬天却很暖和。(简单连词)
2.根据连词在句子中所起的作用,连词可分为并列连词和从属连词。并列连词是指用以连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句子的连词,如:and,but,so,for,or,both...and...,not only...but also...等。从属连词是指用以引导从句的连词,如:when,while,as,after,before,as soon as,until,if,because,although,though,than等。
eg:You can use my car as long as you return it before Friday.只要你周五之前回来,你就可以用我的车。
注:从属连词可引导状语从句和名词性从句(that,whether/if等)
连词的特点
一般情况下,连词不充当任何句子成分。除名词性从句中的that之外,其余连词都有词义。
连词一般包括以下关系:(并列或从属)
⑴表联合、递进或顺承关系的并列连词:and“和”;“加”;“接着”;“而且”;“又”;“那么”,both...and...“两者都”“既……又……”;“不但……而且……”,not only/just...but (also)...“不仅……而且……”,as well as“既……又……”;“不仅……而且……”等。
eg:①Both my father and I are busy painting the sitting room today.我和我父亲今天都在忙于粉刷客厅。
②He likes basketball as well as football.他喜欢篮球运动,也喜欢足球运动。
⑵表转折关系的并列连词:but“但是”“不过,另一方面,但与此同时,(诚然)……但”(表示转折,语气较强。);while“而”表示鲜
明对比。往往连接内容和结构对称的句子,一般位于句中;yet“然而,但是”(表示含惊讶之意的转折)。
eg:①John likes playing basketball,but he didn’t play it yesterday.约翰喜欢打篮球,但他昨天没打。
⑶表选择关系的并列连词:or“或;或者;还是(肯定句)”“也不(否定句=and no)”,either…or“或者……或者……”;“要么……要么……”,neither...nor...“既不……也不……”;“既非……又非……”,not…but…“不是……而是……”,otherwise(=or(else))“否则,要不然”。
eg:Would you like to leave or would you like to stay 你是想走呢还是想留下?
⑷表因果关系的并列连词:so“因此”,for“因为”。eg:It was too late,so we went home.时间太晚了,因此我想去家里了。
⑸表示时间关系的并列连词:when“这时”(=and then)(表示一个动作发生时,另一个动作接着发生。固定搭配为:be doing“正在做……”/had(just)done“刚做……”/be about to do(=be on the point of doing)“正要做……”…when“这时”)eg:I was about to go to bed when my mother knocked at the door.
注:yet和still是半并列接词。但语气不如and,but,or等连词强。另外,它们前面还可加and或but。
eg:I got up very early,(and)yet I failed to catch the first bus.
六.表时间关系的从属连词:when/while/as“当……的时候”,as“随着;一边……,一边……”,before“在……之前”;“还没来得及……就……”;“还没有”;“尚未”;“趁着……没有”“……就”“……才”,once“一旦”;“一……就”,after“在……之后”,since“自从……以来”,until/till“直到”,every time“每一次”,the moment/as soon as,the first/second...time从句,no sooner+过去完成时倒装+than(=hardly+过去完成时倒装+when/before)“一……就……”等
七.表地点关系的从属连词:where“在……地方”,wherever(=everywhere)“在/到任何……的地方”
八.表条件关系的从属连词:if/unless“如果(不)”,as/so long as“只要”in case“假使”
九.表目的关系的从属连词:in order that/ so that“以便;为了”,for fear that“惟恐,生怕”,in case“以防”
十.表原因关系的从属连词:because,since(=now that),as“因为”,considering that“考虑到”,that“因为,由于”
十一.表结果关系的从属连词:that“以至于”,so that“结果……”,so...that,such...that“如此……以致于……”
表让步的从属连词:although/though/while/as“尽管”,even though/even if“即使”,疑问词+ever“无论”,no matter…“无论……” ,whether…or…“不管/无论……还是……”等
表方式的从属连词:as if/as though“好像”,as“像,如”,just as“正如,正像”,如”,as far as“就……”
表比较关系的从属连词:as...as“和……一样”,not so(as)...as“不像……那样”,than“比”,The+比较句...,the+比较句...“越……,越……”
4.连词的连用
if不可与and连用;because不与so连用;although/though/while/as(尽管)不与but,however等连用,但可与yet,still连用。eg:①Because her parents died,she had to make a living by herself.
高频考点剖析二:并列句的用法
一.表联合、递进或顺承关系的并列连词:and“和”;“加”;“接着”;“那么”;“而且”;“又”,not only/just...but (also)...“不仅……而且……”等。常考结构为:祈使句+and/or+句子。或名词短语+and+句子。
eg:①Arrive early,and you'll catch the first bus.
②Another ten minutes,and I'll finish my homework.
二.表转折关系的并列连词:but“但是”;“不过,另一方面,但与此同时,(诚然)……但”(表示转折,语气较强。);while“而”(表示对比两件事物或相反的情况,常用来连接两个意义对立的分句。);yet“然而,但是”(表示含惊讶之意的转折);whereas“但是,却”(用于说某事不适用于所有情况)。
注:but,while,however的区别
⒈but 表示语意转折,语气较强,在意义上与前述情况相反或表示与所预料的不一样。一般位于句中。
eg:We had thought it difficult,but we worked it out at last.
⒉while conj.表示鲜明对比。往往连接内容和结构对称的句子,一般位于句中。
eg:Jane was dressed in brown while Mary was dressed in blue.
⒊however adv.其后要有逗号隔开。可位于句首、句末或句中。
eg:①He said that it was so.he was mistaken,however.他说情况是这样。然而,他错了。
三.表选择关系的并列连词:otherwise=or( else)“否则;要不然”,either…or“或者……或者……”;“那么……那么……”,neither...nor...“既不……也不……”;“既非……又非……”,not...but...“不是……,而是……”。
eg: Either we live in the truth,or we live in lies.
四.表因果关系的并列连词:so“因此”,for“因为”。
eg:The leaves of the trees are falling,for it’s already autumn.
五.表时间关系的并列连词:when“这时”(=and then)(表示一个动作发生时,另一个动作接着发生。固定搭配为:be doing“正在做……”/had(just)done“刚做……”/be about to do(=be on the point of doing)“正要做……”…when“这时”)
eg:He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in.
高频考点剖析三:状语从句的用法
一.结构
主句+引导词+从句.或引导词+从句,主句.
eg:You are sure to pass the exam if you work hard.=If you work hard,you are sure to pass the exam.如果你努力学习的话,你一定会通过考试。
二.分类
状语从句可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句、比较状语从句。
三.特点
状语从句都有引导词,它为主句提供一种状况。引导词一般都不充当任何句子成分。
注:
引导状语从句的连词表
状语从句 从属连词(作引导词)
时间状语从句 when/while/as“当……的时候”,as“随着;一边……,一边……”,before“在……之前”“还没来得及……就……”;“还没有”;“尚未”;“趁着……没有”“……就”“……才”,once“一旦”;“一……就”,after“在……之后”,since“自从……以来”,until/til“直到”l,every time“每一次”,the moment/as soon as,the first/second...time从句,no sooner+过去完成时倒装+than(=hardly+过去完成时倒装+when/before)“一……就……”等
地点状语从句 where“在……地方”,wherever(=everywhere)“在/到任何……的地方”
条件状语从句 if/unless“如果(不)”,as/so long as“只要”in case“假使”
目的状语从句 in order that/ so that“以便;为了”,for fear that“惟恐,生怕”,in case“以防”
原因状语从句 because,since(=now that),as,considering that“考虑到”,that“因为,由于”
结果状语从句 that“以至于”,so that“结果……”,so...that,such...that“如此……以致于……”
让步状语从句 although/though/while/as“尽管”,even though/even if“即使”,疑问词+ever“无论”,no matter…“无论……”,
方式状语从句 as if/as though“好像”,as“像;如”,just as“正如,正像”,as,as far as“就……”
比较状语从句 as...as“和……一样”,not so(as)...as“不像……那样”,than“比”,The+比较句...,the+比较句...“越……,越……”
四.用法
㈠时间状语从句
⑴when,while,as“当……的时候”的区别
①when从句可引导一个延续性动作,也可引导一个短暂性动作。既可与主句动作同时发生,又可先后发生。
②while从句只能引导一个延续性动作。表示主句动作发生在while从句所表达的时间段之内。侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。
③as用法同when相似,但更侧重主从句动作发生的同时性。
注1:当when引导的时间状语从句为系表结构,其主语与主句主语一致,且表语为名词时,可用as引导的省略句来代替when引导的从句。
注2:如果主句表示的是短暂的动作,从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作,此时when, while和as可以互换使用。
注3:as有“随着;一边……,一边……”的意思,表示动作交替进行,侧重于主、从句动作在同一时间点或同一时间段进行。
注4:
①作并列连词,when有“这时”的意思(=and then)。表示一个动作发生时,另一个动作接着发生。固定搭配为:be doing/had(just)done/be about to(=be on the point of doing)…when“这时”。
②作并列连词,while有“然而,可是”的意思,表示对比。
eg:When/While/As we were dancing, a stranger came in.
⑵before的用法
before原意为“在……之前”,另外它还有以下的意思。
①“还没来得及……就……”;“还没有”;“尚未”;“趁着……没有”
eg:He died before he wrote a will.
②“……就”(强调时间、距离很短;花费的精力小;过程顺利)
eg:I hadn’t waited long before he came.
③“……才”(强调时间、距离很长;花费的精力大;过程曲折)
eg:It will be five years before we meet again.
注:句型:It will be+一段时间+before…“过多久就……”或“还要多久才……”
eg:①It won’t be long before we meet again.过不了多长时间我们就会再见面了。
②It will be half a year before I come back.半年后我才能回来。
⑶till/until的用法
一般情况下,till/until可以通用。但在强调句型中或not until位于句首时(应用半倒装),此时只可用until。
till/until用于肯定句时,主句须和延续性动词或重/反复性动词连用,意为“直到……为止”。 till/until用于否定句时,主句须和短暂性动词连用,意为“不到……不;直到……才”。
eg:①He didn’t go to bed until/till his parents came back last night.
②We waited until/till Tom arrived here yesterday.
⑷as soon as,once引导时间状语从句的区别
as soon as强调时间的紧接性,意为“一……就”。
once带有条件意味,意为“一旦”。
eg:I'll tell you as soon as he comes back.
㈡地点状语从句
地点状语从句常由where,wherever引导。
eg:They were warmly welcomed wherever they went.
㈢条件状语从句
注意unless(=if...not)“除非”;“如果不”的用法,它符合“主将从现”原则。
eg:We won’t have a picnic unless it’s sunny tomorrow.如果明天天气不放晴,我们将不去野餐。
㈣目的状语从句
so that既可引导目的状语从句(有情无逗)意为“以便,为了”;也可引导结果状语从句(无情有逗)意为“结果……”。
eg:I’ll speak slowly so that you can understand me.
㈤原因状语从句
because,since,as,for的区别
⑴because,as,since为从属原因连词,而for为并列原因连词。
⑵because“因为”,语气最强,多用于直接的、听者未知的原因,常常位于句尾,成为信息的焦点。既能回答why的提问,也能用于强调句型中,还可用于搭配not...but...或与强调词just,only,merely及否定词not连用;一般位于主句之后,只有在表示强调时才位于主句之前。
eg:—Why didn’t you phone me last night 昨天晚上你为什么没有给我打电话?
—Because I didn’t want to disturb you.因为我不想打扰你
⑶as“由于”,语气较弱,表示明显的、已知的事实。主从句所表达的内容同等重要,二者之间存在有因果关系。有时as含有“既然”的意思(=since)。
eg:As he’s a qualified doctor,I trust his advice on medical matters.由于他是一位合格的医生,所以我信任他在医疗事情上的建议。
⑷since(=now that)“既然”,主要用于口语,语气较弱,表示微弱的原因,或是就对方陈述的事实作为理由。主从句因果关系不明显。常位于句首。
eg:Since we have come,let’s stay and enjoy it.既来之,则安之。
⑸for“因为”,语气最弱,表示对某一事实进行推断的或附加说明的理由,是对已发生情况的补充说明。一般不位于句首。
eg:He can’t have gone,for the light is still on.他不可能走了,因为灯还在亮着呢。
㈥结果状语从句
so……that与such……that“如此……以致于……”的区别
⑴二者都可引导结果状语从句。
⑵so为adv,such为adj。
⑶二者结构分别为:
so+adj/adv原级+that ×××××××××××
so+adj+a/an+n(可单)+that such+a/an+adj+n(可单)+that
so+many/few+ns(可复)+that such+adj+ns(可复) +that
so+much/little(少的)+n(不可数)+that such+adj+n(不可数)+that
(注:只修饰形容词、副词原级时,只可用so。
修饰单数名词时,二者可以互换。(即:so+adj+a/an+n(可单)+that =such+a/an+adj+n(可单)+that)
修饰复数和不可数名词时,多多少少用so,不多不少用such.)
eg:He was so careless that he forgot to write his name on the paper.
㈦让步状语从句
⑴though/as意为“尽管”时的用法。
(最高级前无冠词)adj/adv+as/though+主+系v/谓语v+其它,
(前无冠词)n+as/though+主+系v/谓语v+其它,
V原形(短语)+as/though+主+助v/情态v+其它,
eg:①Angry as/though he was,he managed to speak calmly.
②Child as/though he is,he knows a lot.
③Change your mind as/though you will,you will gain no additional support.
⑵while引导的让步状语从句通常位于主句之前。
eg:While I always felt I would pass the exam,I never thought I would get an A.
㈧方式状语从句
方式状语从句应放在主句之后。常用as if/as though/just as/as/as far as引导。
eg:①Do as you are told to,or you’ll be fired.
②The old lady treats the boy as he were he own son.
③I feel as if I have a fever.
㈨比较状语从句
注:what/as/be like也可引导对称或对比关系的状语从句。
句型为:A is to B what/as/be like C is to D.“A对于B而言正如C对于D那样。”
eg:Food is to men what/as/is like oil is to machines.
㈩whatever,whichever,whichever+n(s),whoever,however,whenever,wherever引导让步状语从句的情况。
whatever=no matter what(引导让步状语从句)或whatever=anything that(引导名词性从句)
whoever=no matter who(引导让步状语从句)或whoever=anybody who(引导名词性从句)
whichever=no matter which(引导让步状语从句)或any which(引导名词性从句)
whichever+n(s)=no matter which+n(s)(引导让步状语从句)或any+n(s) which(引导名词性从句)
however=no matter how(引导让步状语从句)
whenever=no matter when(引导让步状语从句)
wherever=no matter where(引导让步状语从句)
(十一)有些可以作副词的连词:though,in case,(ever) since等。
eg:①He is young.He knows a lot,though.=Though he is young,he knows a lot.
②I don’t think it will rain,but I’ll take an umbrella,just in case.= I’ll take an umbrella just in case it should rain.
③He came here in 2000.He has been working here ever since.= He has been working here ever since he came here in 2000.
(十二)在主将从现原则中,从句可用一般现在时或现在完成时表示将来。(注:主将从现原则具体内容:在时间或条件状语从句中,如果主句为将来时或表示将来时含义的句子(如:祈使句、情态句等),那么从句常用一般现在时或现在完成时表示将来。)
eg:We will have a picnic if it is fine tomorrow.
考点过关☆专项突破
1.(2022·贵州毕节·统考一模)—I saw Tom’s father buy lots of books yesterday.
—That’s not strange. ________ Tom ________ his father enjoy reading.
A.Neither; nor B.Both; and C.Either; or D.Not only; but also
2.(2022·广西河池·统考三模)My watch is really old, ________ I still want to keep it.
A.so B.or C.but D.and
3.(2022·四川乐山·统考模拟预测)— Did you see the new movie last weekend
— Yes. It was good, ________ I missed the beginning.
A.and B.but C.so
4.(2022·安徽合肥·校联考三模)— Everyone works so hard.
— Yes. We must work hard now we’ll regret when we are older.
A.and B.if C.but D.or
5.(2022·黑龙江佳木斯·统考二模)— How do you like the two T-shirts
— They don’t fit me. They are ________ too big ________ too small for me.
A.either, or B.neither, nor C.not only, but also
6.(2022·福建厦门·统考二模)Giving up is quite easy ________ sticking to what we love is difficult.
A.if B.so C.while
7.(2022·四川成都·统考二模)As the saying goes, everything is good when new, ________ friends when old.
A.or B.but C.and
8.(2022·辽宁沈阳·统考一模)Don’t drink coffee before going to bed, ________ you can’t fall asleep easily.
A.or B.and C.so D.but
9.(2022·北京海淀·清华附中校考三模)—Hi, Mike! Would you like to fly kites with me
—I’d like to, ________ I have to finish my question survey first.
A.so B.and C.but D.or
10.(2022·天津南开·统考二模)Helen is going to Beijing ______ her granddaughter’s birthday is coming.
A.or B.but C.so D.because
11.(2022·江苏南通·统考一模)The company can give you more chances, _________ increase your pay by 40%.
A.as soon as B.as good as C.as well as D.as possible as
12.(2022·湖南湘西·统考二模)Bing Dwen Dwen is very cute, ________ we all like it very much.
A.so B.but C.because
13.(2022·山东滨州·统考一模)Using a reusable bag while shopping will ________ save you money ________ help protect environment.
A.between; and B.either; or C.not only; but also D.neither; nor
14.(2022·贵州黔东南·校联考一模)—What are you doing
—I am watching the Tik Tok, it is very popular. ________ the young ________ the old are very interested in it.
A.Not only; but also B.Either; or C.Neither; nor D.Between; and
15.(2022·北京平谷·统考一模)David has a cold, ________ he can’t come to school today.
A.or B.so C.but D.for
16.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨风华中学校考模拟预测)—Will you come to Lucy’s birthday party
—I won’t come unless I ________.
A.invite B.will be invited C.am invited
17.(2022·甘肃平凉·统考一模)________ you read it, you can’t imagine how moving the story is.
A.Unless B.Because C.Although D.When
18.(2022·江苏连云港·校考二模)You may easily lose your way in the rain forest ________ you don’t have a map or a guide.
A.if B.unless C.though D.until
19.(2022·贵州毕节·统考一模)We can’t use the phone ________ we are far from the gas (天然气) station.
A.after B.when C.though D.until
20.(2022·江苏泰州·校考三模)I still keep taking exercise every day ________ I am busy with so many subjects.
A.until B.if C.because D.although
21.(2022·河北邢台·校考三模)I didn’t know your sister came back _________ I met her in the street.
A.since B.when C.until D.after
22.(2022·江西·校联考一模)He won’t go to the party unless his good friend Bob ________.
A.invites B.is inviting C.is invited D.will be invited
23.(2022·浙江温州·温州市第二实验中学校考一模)It’s a good habit for students to make a study plan ________ they start to work.
A.until B.before C.since D.unless
24.(2022·湖北省直辖县级单位·统考一模)Kate wants to lose weight, but she can’t make it ________ she stops eating snacks after every meal.
A.if B.unless C.after D.because
25.(2022·江西萍乡·统考模拟预测)The English teacher explained the grammar to us ________ until everyone of us understood it.
A.quickly B.loudly C.patiently D.suddenly
26.(2022·河北石家庄·统考三模)Jimmy goes to the park to do exercise every morning ________ the bad weather stops him.
A.if B.when C.since D.unless
27.(2022·江西赣州·统考一模)They insist on living in a small village among the mountains _______ that can get closer to nature.
A.until B.unless C.even though D.so that
28.(2022·山西晋中·统考一模)—She may need some help ________ she’s new here.
—Let’s help her as much as possible.
A.because B.unless C.though
29.(2022·山西晋中·统考二模)—The medical workers from other places worked in Shanghai for many days.
—Yes. ________ they were also tired, they tried to help Shanghai out.
A.Because B.Unless C.Although
30.(2022·山西太原·山西实验中学校考模拟预测)Everyone may make mistakes, but we should take action to change the situation ________ it gets worse.
A.before B.after C.since
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