2023届高三英语二轮复习定语从句课件（20张PPT）
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| 名称 | 2023届高三英语二轮复习定语从句课件（20张PPT） |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-02-14 14:26:42 | ||
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(共20张PPT)
Relative Clauses
定语
定语是用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。
定语从句
The boy who is reading needs the pen.
先行词
关系词
定语从句：一个句子充当定语
先行词：被修饰限定的词
关系词：引导定语从句的词
关系代词
关系副词
关系代词 指代 作用
who 人 主语，宾语
whom 人 宾语
which 物 主语、宾语
that 人、物 主语、宾语
whose 人、物 定语
Is he the man who/that wants to see you
他是你想要见的那个人吗？(who/that在从句中作主语)
He is the man who/whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他是昨天我见到的那个人。(who/whom/that在从句中作宾语)
They built some shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
他们为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖了一些避难所。（whose在从句中作定语）
用that 不用which 的情况
1
2
当先行词是all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时或被all, every, no, some, any, little, much, few, only等修饰时
I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.
先行词被序数词、最高级或限定词the only, the very, the same, the last, just the等修饰时
This is the first book (that) he has read.
He is the only person (that) we are looking for.
4
3
当并列的两个先行词分别表示人或物时
We were deeply impressed by the teachers and the schools that we had visited there.
先行词是who或which引导的主句时
Who is the girl that drove the car
Which was the hotel that was recommended to the foreign guest
用which 不
用
that
的
情
况
一、非限制性定语从句（先行词和从句之间有,隔开的定语从句叫非限制性定语从句）
I have lost the pen, ________ I like very much.
which
二、用在介词后
This is a house __________ he lived.
这是他生活过的房子。
This is the book ____________ I paid 10 yuan.
这是我花10元买的书。
in which
for which
Exercise
指出关系代词在定语从句中的成分：
1.A poet is someone who writes poems. ( )
2.Chen Zijiang is a paper-cutting expert (whom) I interviewed for my article on Chinese Art. （ ）
3.I live next door to a couple whose children often make a lot of noise. ( )
4.She is no longer a cute girl (that) she used to be. ( )
5. We shall never forget the days (that) we spent together. ( )
主语
宾语
定语
表语
宾语
1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.
A. which B. where C. what D. in which
2.Is there anyone in your class ______family is in America
A. who B. who's C. which D. whose
3.He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school.
A. which B. that C. whom D. what
4.Last summer we visited the West Lake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world.
A. for which B. which C. as which D. what
A
D
B
A
when
where
why
当先行词表示原因（reason），why在从句中作原因状语
当先行词表示时间，when在从句中作时间状语
关系副词引导的定语从句
当先行词表示地点，where在从句中作地点状语
I still remember the days ____________ we played with each other.
I still remember the days ____________ we spent together on the farm.
when
(that/which)
This is the reason __________ he left in a hurry yesterday.
This is the reason __________ he told me yesterday.
why
(that/which)
This is the factory ___________ they stayed.
This is the factory ___________ makes radio parts.
He gets into a situation _________ it's hard to decide what is right or wrong.
where
which/that
where
先行词可以是具体的地点名词（place, room, mountain等），也可以是抽象的地点名词（case, state, condition, point, situation等）
Is there a shop where we can buy some fruit
I found my books where I had left them.
定语从句
地点状语从句
介词（短语）+关系代词引导定语从句
1. 关系代词的选取
先行词指人时，用whom，先行词指物时，用which
This is the student for whom I bought a book.
This is the ship by which I went to Shanghai.
2. 介词的选取
根据定语从句中的谓语动词与介词的习惯搭配来确定介词
This is the car _____ which I paid a high price.
There wasn't a single person ______ whom she could turn for help.
for
to
1.Do you still remember the day _________ we met for the first time.
2.He brought the result _____________ the boss was satisfied.
3.Do you know the girl ___________________ the teacher is talking.
4.This is the reason ___________ he left in a hurry yesterday.
5.He is the pilot ___________ my brother has worked for ten years.
6.Recently I bought an ancient vase，the price _________was very reasonable.
on which
with which
to/about/with whom
for which
with whom
of which
whose price
限制性定语从句
从句与先行词关系密切，缺少从句，句意不完整，与主句不用逗号隔开。
非限制性定语从句
从句与先行词关系不太密切，缺少从句，句意相对完整，与主句用逗号隔开。
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
His brother who is nineteen years old is serving in the army now.
他的一个十九岁的哥哥正在部队服兵役。
His brother, who is nineteen years old, is serving in the army now.
他的哥哥，今年十九岁，正在部队服兵役。
My mother, whom you met last year, keeps telling me not to quit this job.
我妈妈，你去年见过的，一直嘱咐我不要辞职。
从句为非限制性定语从句时，关系代词作宾语，不可省略
In 982 AD, when a man called Eric the Red decided to set sail further west, there were as many as 10,000 Vikings living in Iceland.
主句
In 982 AD there were as many as 10,000 Vikings living in Iceland.
when引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰 982 AD
过去分词短语作后置定语
公元982年，一个叫埃里克·雷德的人决定向西远航，当时在冰岛上居住的北欧海盗多达10000人。
Relative Clauses
定语
定语是用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。
定语从句
The boy who is reading needs the pen.
先行词
关系词
定语从句：一个句子充当定语
先行词：被修饰限定的词
关系词：引导定语从句的词
关系代词
关系副词
关系代词 指代 作用
who 人 主语，宾语
whom 人 宾语
which 物 主语、宾语
that 人、物 主语、宾语
whose 人、物 定语
Is he the man who/that wants to see you
他是你想要见的那个人吗？(who/that在从句中作主语)
He is the man who/whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他是昨天我见到的那个人。(who/whom/that在从句中作宾语)
They built some shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
他们为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖了一些避难所。（whose在从句中作定语）
用that 不用which 的情况
1
2
当先行词是all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时或被all, every, no, some, any, little, much, few, only等修饰时
I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.
先行词被序数词、最高级或限定词the only, the very, the same, the last, just the等修饰时
This is the first book (that) he has read.
He is the only person (that) we are looking for.
4
3
当并列的两个先行词分别表示人或物时
We were deeply impressed by the teachers and the schools that we had visited there.
先行词是who或which引导的主句时
Who is the girl that drove the car
Which was the hotel that was recommended to the foreign guest
用which 不
用
that
的
情
况
一、非限制性定语从句（先行词和从句之间有,隔开的定语从句叫非限制性定语从句）
I have lost the pen, ________ I like very much.
which
二、用在介词后
This is a house __________ he lived.
这是他生活过的房子。
This is the book ____________ I paid 10 yuan.
这是我花10元买的书。
in which
for which
Exercise
指出关系代词在定语从句中的成分：
1.A poet is someone who writes poems. ( )
2.Chen Zijiang is a paper-cutting expert (whom) I interviewed for my article on Chinese Art. （ ）
3.I live next door to a couple whose children often make a lot of noise. ( )
4.She is no longer a cute girl (that) she used to be. ( )
5. We shall never forget the days (that) we spent together. ( )
主语
宾语
定语
表语
宾语
1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.
A. which B. where C. what D. in which
2.Is there anyone in your class ______family is in America
A. who B. who's C. which D. whose
3.He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school.
A. which B. that C. whom D. what
4.Last summer we visited the West Lake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world.
A. for which B. which C. as which D. what
A
D
B
A
when
where
why
当先行词表示原因（reason），why在从句中作原因状语
当先行词表示时间，when在从句中作时间状语
关系副词引导的定语从句
当先行词表示地点，where在从句中作地点状语
I still remember the days ____________ we played with each other.
I still remember the days ____________ we spent together on the farm.
when
(that/which)
This is the reason __________ he left in a hurry yesterday.
This is the reason __________ he told me yesterday.
why
(that/which)
This is the factory ___________ they stayed.
This is the factory ___________ makes radio parts.
He gets into a situation _________ it's hard to decide what is right or wrong.
where
which/that
where
先行词可以是具体的地点名词（place, room, mountain等），也可以是抽象的地点名词（case, state, condition, point, situation等）
Is there a shop where we can buy some fruit
I found my books where I had left them.
定语从句
地点状语从句
介词（短语）+关系代词引导定语从句
1. 关系代词的选取
先行词指人时，用whom，先行词指物时，用which
This is the student for whom I bought a book.
This is the ship by which I went to Shanghai.
2. 介词的选取
根据定语从句中的谓语动词与介词的习惯搭配来确定介词
This is the car _____ which I paid a high price.
There wasn't a single person ______ whom she could turn for help.
for
to
1.Do you still remember the day _________ we met for the first time.
2.He brought the result _____________ the boss was satisfied.
3.Do you know the girl ___________________ the teacher is talking.
4.This is the reason ___________ he left in a hurry yesterday.
5.He is the pilot ___________ my brother has worked for ten years.
6.Recently I bought an ancient vase，the price _________was very reasonable.
on which
with which
to/about/with whom
for which
with whom
of which
whose price
限制性定语从句
从句与先行词关系密切，缺少从句，句意不完整，与主句不用逗号隔开。
非限制性定语从句
从句与先行词关系不太密切，缺少从句，句意相对完整，与主句用逗号隔开。
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
His brother who is nineteen years old is serving in the army now.
他的一个十九岁的哥哥正在部队服兵役。
His brother, who is nineteen years old, is serving in the army now.
他的哥哥，今年十九岁，正在部队服兵役。
My mother, whom you met last year, keeps telling me not to quit this job.
我妈妈，你去年见过的，一直嘱咐我不要辞职。
从句为非限制性定语从句时，关系代词作宾语，不可省略
In 982 AD, when a man called Eric the Red decided to set sail further west, there were as many as 10,000 Vikings living in Iceland.
主句
In 982 AD there were as many as 10,000 Vikings living in Iceland.
when引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰 982 AD
过去分词短语作后置定语
公元982年，一个叫埃里克·雷德的人决定向西远航，当时在冰岛上居住的北欧海盗多达10000人。