人教版（2019）必修第二册Unit 4 History and Traditions 词汇课件（159张ppt)
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(共159张PPT)
Unit 4
HISTORY AND TRADITIONS
历史与传统
Words and Expressions
The Palace of Westminster
The River Thames
The Big Ben
Westminster Bridge
泰晤士河
A people without the knowledge of their past history， origin and culture is like a tree without roots.
“一个不了解自己历史、起源和文化的民族，就如同一棵无根之树”
Is it important for a people to know their history and traditions Why
Learn about a country through its history
Can you tell what type of map it is
It is an administrative zoning map.
行政区域图
地形图( topographic map)
交通图( traffic map)
气候图( weather map)
资源图( resource map)
administer
prime minister
administration
What do the different symbols (e.g, circles, spots ) and colours stand for
The small cireles stand for big cities, the red spot stands for the capital and different colours stand for different regions or countries
How many parts (countries) can you see that make up the UK
区域,行政区;领域,界
Confucius
Confucius is a great thinker, educator，politician and philosopher.
Confucius has made great contribitions to education,politics and philosophy.
policy 政策,方针;原则
politics
Confucius
孔子
Mencius
孟子
“Confuci”其实是“孔夫子”的音译，“Menci”则是“孟子”的音译，因为拉丁文中名词有“阳性”、“中性”、“阴性”的区别，孔子、孟子作为男性，他们的名字要加上表示阳性的后缀-us。其他人名也大致按照这个方法翻译，例如明朝天启皇帝的拉丁文名字 Thienkius，崇祯皇帝是Zungchinius，清朝顺治皇帝则被翻译成 Sungteius。
明末清初的传教士是第一批给中国人取外文名的翻译家，第二批则是清朝后期，按照韦氏拼音注音的译者。韦氏拼音也叫威妥玛式拼音法，由英国人威妥玛（Thomas Francis Wade）等人在1967年合编的注音规则。这种拼音被普遍用来给中国的人名、地名注音。如孙中山的名字SunYat-sen，北京的译名Peking等。
韦氏拼音同样让著名学者闹过笑话，最著名的莫过于“常凯申事件”，知名大学的历史系副主任将蒋介石韦氏拼音的写法ChiangKai-shek翻译成常凯申，从而在网上留下了一个长盛不衰的梗。
1958年汉语拼音方案出台后，韦氏拼音在大陆就被废止了，现在只有一些历史比较悠久的商标或者学校校徽上还留下一些痕迹，例如北京大学（Peking University）、清华大学（Tsinghua University）、茅台（Moutai）张裕（Changyu）等。现在要翻译古代人的名字，直接使用汉语拼音就可以了。
Do you know QuFu
What do you know about it
曲阜，山东省辖县级市，孔子的故乡，是黄帝生地、神农故都, “东方圣城”
孔庙
孔林
孔府
大成殿
Learning without reflecting leads to confusion.
学而不思则罔
Review the old and learn the new.
温故而知新。
Make no social distinctions in teaching.
有教无类。
To learn and at due time to repeat what one has learnt, isn’t that after all a pleasure
学而时习之，不亦乐乎
Do not do to others what you do not want others to do to you.
己所不欲勿施于人
When seeing a person with high caliber, strive to be his equal.
见贤思齐
水准
1.Confucius [k n'fju s]: n. 孔子
Temple of Confucius: 孔庙
Confucius Institute: 孔子学院
Confucius has made great contribitions to education,politics and philosophy.
XX父亲节主题讲话稿_1
XX父亲节主题演讲稿
大家好,我是xx班的xxx,下周日我们又将迎来一个特殊的节日——6月17日父亲节。这个节日我们常常会忘记。我们总记得母亲,他们生养我们付出了艰辛,父亲呢 在我们眼里,父亲总很忙,早出晚归,陪我们玩耍的时间是那么少,甚至我们有时请他帮忙时他说:找妈妈去。但爸爸从来没有忘记我们,他用全部的时间为我们建造一个衣食无忧的家,他会用在我们进步、成功时偷偷地笑,他会用看似放任我们的时刻锻炼我们的意志。父亲无私的爱你们是否感受到 通过这个ppt大家多了解父亲,记住父亲的节日——父亲节。
先让我们来看看父亲节的起源吧!父亲节的由来是杜德夫人的突发奇想而来的。19XX年,住在美国华盛顿州士波肯市的杜德夫人,当她参加完教会举办的母亲节主日崇拜之后,杜德夫人的心里有了很深的感触,她心里想着:“为什么这个世界没有一个纪念父亲的节日呢 ”19XX年那年,正好是斯马先生辞世之年,当杜德夫人参加完教会的母亲节感恩礼拜后,她特别地想念父亲;直到那时,杜德夫人才明白,她的父亲在养育儿女过程中所付出的爱心与努力,并不亚于任何一个母亲的辛苦。杜德夫人将她的感受告诉教会的瑞马士
2.mansion n. 公馆；宅地
2.mansion [ m n n]: n. 公馆;宅第
Kong Family Mansion: 孔府
My grandfather spared no money when
he built this mansion.
3. cemetery [ sem tri]: n. 墓地;公墓
tomb [tu m]: n. 坟墓
grave: n. 坟墓
Cemetery of Confucius: 孔林
不惜重金
cemetery
Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery
4.philosophy [f l s fi]: n. 哲学
philosopher [f l s f (r)]: 哲学家
1)Xiao Kong is doing a research project
on Confucius philosophy.
2)Confucius is one of his favourite
philosophers.
5.descendant [d send nt]: n.
后裔;后代;子孙
1)Confucius has over 3 million descendants.
2)As one of Confucius’ descendants, Xiao
Kong’s name is recorded in the family tree.
descend v. 下降
The plane began to descend.
applicant 申请人
immigrant 移民
assistant 助手
XX父亲节主题讲话稿_1
XX父亲节主题演讲稿
大家好,我是xx班的xxx,下周日我们又将迎来一个特殊的节日——6月17日父亲节。这个节日我们常常会忘记。我们总记得母亲,他们生养我们付出了艰辛,父亲呢 在我们眼里,父亲总很忙,早出晚归,陪我们玩耍的时间是那么少,甚至我们有时请他帮忙时他说:找妈妈去。但爸爸从来没有忘记我们,他用全部的时间为我们建造一个衣食无忧的家,他会用在我们进步、成功时偷偷地笑,他会用看似放任我们的时刻锻炼我们的意志。父亲无私的爱你们是否感受到 通过这个ppt大家多了解父亲,记住父亲的节日——父亲节。
先让我们来看看父亲节的起源吧!父亲节的由来是杜德夫人的突发奇想而来的。19XX年,住在美国华盛顿州士波肯市的杜德夫人,当她参加完教会举办的母亲节主日崇拜之后,杜德夫人的心里有了很深的感触,她心里想着:“为什么这个世界没有一个纪念父亲的节日呢 ”19XX年那年,正好是斯马先生辞世之年,当杜德夫人参加完教会的母亲节感恩礼拜后,她特别地想念父亲;直到那时,杜德夫人才明白,她的父亲在养育儿女过程中所付出的爱心与努力,并不亚于任何一个母亲的辛苦。杜德夫人将她的感受告诉教会的瑞马士
5. descendant n. 后裔；后代；子孙
ancestor n. 祖先
individual adj. 单独的：个别的
n. 个人
in - divide(分) – ual(形容词后缀)
不能再分了
collective adj. 集体的
6.individual [ nd v d u l]: n. 个人
adj. 单独的;个别的
1)An idiom is an expression which means
something different from the meaning
of the individual words.
2)Sometimes I feel that individuals can
have little effect on such huge
environmental problems.
3)The museum is open to both teams
and individuals.
阿喀琉斯的脚跟/之踵[zhǒng]
阿喀琉斯, 是古希腊神话中最伟大的英雄之一。相传，他的母亲是一位女神，在他降生之初，女神为了使他长生不死，将他浸入冥河洗礼。阿基里斯从此刀枪不入，百毒不侵，只有一点除外———他的脚踵当时被女神提在手中，未能浸入冥河，于是“阿基里斯之踵”就成了这位英雄的唯一弱点。在漫长的特洛亚战争中，阿基里斯一直是希腊人最勇敢的将领。在十年战争即将结束时，敌方将领在众神的示意下，抓住了阿基里斯的弱点，一箭射中他的脚踵，阿基里斯最终不治而亡。
7.heel [hi l]: n. 足跟; (脚/袜子/鞋等的)后跟
Achilles’ [ kili:z] heel:
(喻)(希腊神话)阿喀琉斯的脚跟; 致命的弱点
1)English is his Achilles’ heel.
2)Lucy’s Achilles’ heel is that she
cannot believe in others.
3)She will buy shoes with a low/high heel.
2. Achilles’ heel 希娜神话：阿喀琉斯的脚跟
(比喻)致命的弱点
练：
① Angela is a super scholar, but spoken English is her Achilles’ heel .
② When he gives me advice, I am all ears.
他给我提意见时，我_____________________.
③ Sorry, I’m all thumbs when I cook.
很抱歉我一做饭就_____________________________.
④ My wife bought a mink coat that cost an arm and a leg.
我妻子_____________________买了一件貂皮大衣。
笨手笨脚的
洗耳恭听
花了一大笔钱
pull one’s leg 开某人的玩笑
be all ears 洗耳恭听
be all thumbs 笨手笨脚的
green fingers 园艺技能
cost (sb) an arm and a leg 花了一大笔钱
see eye to eye 看法一致
hit the nail on the head 一针见血
Some idioms related to body part
Why do you think William said his hometown was similar to Qufu
1. be similar to 与…相似 ___________n. 相似性
similarity
①Although the twins are quite different , they _______________ each other in several ways.
②What ____________ can you find between them
are similar to
similarities
8. Kingdom n. 王国, 领域
the United Kingdom 英国;联合王国
emperor 皇帝
empire 帝国
imperial
/ m p ri l /
field/area: 领域
9. chief adj. 最重要的；最高级别的
the chief/main/major cause/problem/reason
主要原因 / 问题 / 理由
n. (公司或机构的) 首领；酋长；大厨
chiefs （pl.）
chef
chefs
10.puzzle [ p zl]: n. 谜;智力游戏;疑问
v. 迷惑;使困惑
puzzling: adj. 令人迷惑的/困惑的
puzzled: adj. (人感到)困惑的;迷惑不解的
a word puzzle: 字谜
1)Getting to know a little bit about British
history will help you solve this puzzle.
2)What puzzles him is why that movie
is so popular.
3)These problems will puzzle the scientist.
4)These problems are puzzling.
5)The scientist is puzzled about these
problems.
6)She had a puzzled look on her face.
11.nearby [ n ba ]: adv. 在附近
adj. 附近的;邻近的(常在名词前)
1)In the 16th century, the nearby country
of Wales was joined to the Kingdom
of England.
2)Her mother lives in a nearby town.
=Her mother lives in a town nearby.
3)Though they all live nearby, they don’t
know each other.
12. join ... to... 把......和......连接或联结起来
joined efforts 共同的努力
12.join ... to...: 把…和…连接或联结起来
1)In the 16th century, the nearby country
of Wales was joined to the Kingdom
of England.
2)The island is joined to the mainland(大陆)
by a bridge.
13. break away (from ): 脱离;背叛;逃脱
1)Finally, in the 20th century, the southern
part of Ireland broke away from the
UK, which resulted in the full name
we have today: the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
2)It was wrong for him to break away from
all his good friends.
3)The thief tried to break away from the
policeman, but he failed.
4)Some people in Taiwan want to break away
from the Chinese mainland.
The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas.
belong to 属于（无被动，无进行）
belongings n.所有物，财产，财物
★威廉 教授一直告诉他的学生：未来属于受过良好教育的人。
Professor William keeps telling his students that the future belongs to the well-educated.
★Lockers are available to store any ____________ during your visit.
★The painting ___________ the gallery dates back to the Ming Dynasty.
belongings
belonging to
as well as 同；和，还
★as well as 连接两个并列句子成分，连接两个主语时，谓语动词应与________ 主语保持一致。
★as well 也，又（常放在句尾，相当于too）
前面的
①English , ___________Chinese and maths, is of great importance.
②The famous musician, as well as his students, ____________ (invite) to perform at the opening ceremony last month.
as well as
was invited
as well as, along with, together with等
连接的名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词与其
前面的名词或代词保持一致。它们的意思
是: “和”。
1)The man, as well as his three children,
is going out for hiking this weekend.
2)The headmaster together/along with
the teachers is discussing this big
problem.
as well, too, also, either: 也
前三个用于肯定句, either 用于否定句。
1)I have been to the Great Wall as well．
2)I have been to the Great Wall (,) too．
3)I have also been to the Great Wall.
4)I have not been to the Great Wall either.
1.某人突然想到……
2.被……打动；深受感动
3.趁热打铁。
4.两者兼顾；达到平衡
5.在罢工
6.打击者；罢工者
▲a striking image
strike---struck---struck--striking(adj.显著的)
打;撞击; 罢工; 侵袭；袭击; 突然想到；（钟）敲响报时; 划(火柴)
① It strikes sb.that...
② be struck by...
③ Strike while the iron is hot.
④ strike a balance between A and B
⑤ be/ go on strike
⑥ striker
16.currency [ k r nsi ]: n. 通货; 货币
cash: n. 现金
bill/note: n. 纸币
coin: n. 硬币
You’ll need some cash in local currency
but you can also use your credit card.
17. military adj. 军事的；军用的
take part in military training
参加军训
cemetery
They use the same flag , known as Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence.
1. The Great Wall was our main military __________ against enemies in ancient times.
2.To defend ____________ disease, we should lead a healthy life.
3. She stepped back as if in ________(defend).
defence
from/ against
defence
[Summary]
in defence of 保护/保卫.....
defend from/ against 保护...免受....
defend oneself against 为自己辩解
军事防御
18.defence [d fens ]: n. 防御;保卫
defend [d fend ]: v. 防御;保卫
the Department of Defense: 国防部
1)They use the same flag, known as the
Union Jack, as well as share the same
currency and military defence.
2)The town walls were built as a defence
against enemy attacks.
3)The soldiers have been sent to defend
the borders(边境).
19.legal ['li:ɡl]: adj. 法律的;合法的
legally: adv. 法律上;合法地
illegal [ li:gl]: adj. 不合法的;违法的
illegally: adv. 不法地
law: n. 法律
【in- im- un- dis- -less il-】
1)For example, England, Wales, Scotland,
and Northern Ireland all have different
education systems and legal systems.
2)Everyone must earn money in the legal way.
20.surround [s ra nd ]: v. 围绕;包围
surrounding: adj. 周围的;附近的
surroundings: n.环境;周围的事物
be surrounded with/by…:
被…围绕/包围
1)The police have surrounded the office
building.
2)The lake is surrounded with/by trees.
You will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history.
adj. surrounding
① The teacher _______________________________(被孩子们包围着)
② _____________ (surround) by lovely Children, the teacher wore a smile on her face.
was surrounded by lovely Children.
[Summary]
surround …with…. 以….包围….
be surrounded with/by …. 被….包围….
Surrounded
n. surroundings (复数) 环境
①The absolute best way to learn English is to surround yourself ________ it.
② __________(surround) by a lot of green trees and flowers, the village has beautiful ____________.
③They climbed upward along the steep cliffs ____________(surround) the village.
④ All the buildings_______________________
(被灌木包围着)
Surrounded
surroundings
surrounding
are surrounded by bushes
巧 学 活 用
with
21.evidence ['ev d ns]: n. 证据;证明
【不可数名词: 前面不能加an/a, 后不能加s】
1)Almost everywhere you go in the UK,
you will be surrounded by evidence
of four different groups of people
who took over at different times
throughout history.
2)We have no evidence to support the
case.
22.achievement [ 't i:vm nt]: n.
成就;成绩;达到
achieve : v. 取得; 获得; 实现; 成功
1)Some of their great achievements
included building towns and roads.
2)They are proud of their children’s
achievements.
3)We must work hard to achieve our goals.
23.location [l ke n ]: n. 地方;地点;位置
destination: n. 目的地
locate : v. 使位于;确定准确地点
be located in/at/to…: 位于;坐落在
1)The Vikings came in the eighth century,
left behind lots of new vocabulary,
and also the names of many locations
across the UK.
2)It is a suitable location for a new airport.
3)The factory is located at the foot of a hill.
24.conquer [ k k (r) ]: v. 占领;征服;控制
I believe that we can conquer cancer in
the near future.
25.battle ['b tl ]: n. 战役;搏斗
v. 搏斗;奋斗
war: n. 战争
war -- campain -- battle -- fight
1)They conquered England after the
well-known Battle of Hastings in the
11th century.
2)With the support of the world, we have
the full confidence to win the battle
against the virus.
3)The doctors battled throughout the
night to save the woman’s life.
4)The man battled against cancer for
four years.
port
import
export
26.port [p t ]: n. 港口(城市)
airport: 飞机场; 空港
harbour: 港口; 港湾
The capital city London is a great place
to start, as it is an ancient port city
that has a history dating all the way
back to Roman times.
26. fascinating adj. 迷人的
fascinate v. 迷住，使着迷
= extremely charming and attractive
a fascinating story/subject
Anything to do with old myths and legends fascinates me.
任何与上古神话传说有关的东西都会使我着迷。
27.fascinating [ f s ne t ]:
adj. 极有吸引力的;迷人的
1)The UK is a fascinating mix of history
and modern culture, with both new
and old traditions.
2)He told some fascinating stories about
his life in France.
3)Guilin is the most fascinating place that
I have ever been to.
28.keep your eyes open : 留心;留意
1)If you keep your eyes open, you will be
surprised to find that you can see both
its past and its present.
2)While you are checking the animals, keep
your eyes open for any signs of disease.
01
free of charge
charge vt.充电；收费，控告
n. 收费；指控；主管
免费
02
in charge of
03
take charge of
04
05
charge sb for sth
负责；主管(介词词组)
负责；主管(动词词组)
由…负责；主管
因…收某人的费用
in the charge of
06
charge sb with sth 指控某人某事
① She takes charge of the day-to-day running of the business.
→ She is ___________ the day-to-day running of the business.
② Our monitor is in charge of our class when our headteacher is out.
→ Our class is ___________________________when our headteacher is out.
③ I'm not going there again, because they charged me 10 pounds for a cup of coffee.
④In the car park we could get our car battery charged
(charge).
⑤ The driver was charged with speeding.
⑥ The ticket is free of charge.
in charge of
in the charge of our monitor
1)Judy and I had our car parked in an
underground car park near Trafalgar
Square, where we could get our car
battery charged.
2)The project(工程) is in the charge of
Mr. Wang.
3)Mr. Wang is in charge of the project.
4)He took charge of the factory after his
father’s death.
伦敦特拉法尔加广场 ; 鸽子广场
30.announce [ 'na ns]: v. 宣布;通知;声称
announcement : n. 通告;宣告
1)When we finally reached the service
desk to ask for audio guides, we
heard it announced that there
were no audio guides left.
2)The government announced that they
would build a new highway to the
mountain.
31. amount [ ma nt ]: n. 金额;数量
quantity: 数量
quality: 质量
1)We found ourselves very surprised by
the large number of visitors and the
amount of noise at the entrance of
the national Gallery.
2)She needs that amount of money to
survive.
3)He has a large amount of /large amounts
of work to do every day. (大量)
gallery
32.gallery [ ɡ l ri]: n. 展览馆;画廊
an art gallery: 美术馆
the National Gallery: 国家美术馆
1)We found ourselves very surprised by
the large number of visitors and the
amount of noise at the entrance of
the national Gallery.
2)Her pictures are on display at the art gallery.
1. Winter is approaching.
2. With the approach of Christmas, the weather turned colder.
3. The approach to the house was a narrow path.
4. The best approach to _________(learn)a foreign language is reading as much as possible.
v. 走近；接近；临近
n. 接近，方法，途径
an approach to (doing) 做某事的方法
with the approach of = with….. approaching
It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around.
learning
1. Many _____________ have been adopted to control the spread of COVID-19.
2. _____________ (approach) the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.
3. _____________________（随着考试的临近）I began to learn English.
Approaching
approaches
With the test approaching
巧 学 活 用
33.approach [ pr t ]:
n.方法;途径; 接近; 道路
v. 接近; 接洽; 着手处理; 靠近
an approach to (doing) sth…:
(做) 什么的方法
a method of/for (doing) sth…:
(做) 什么的方法
a way of doing/to do sth…:
做什么的方法
a manner of doing sth…:做什么的方法
1)It was hard to approach the painting as
there were so many people around.
2)As you approach the city, you’ll see the
university on the right.
3)We will explore different approaches to
gathering information.
4)We will adopt different approaches to
(solving) the problems.
5)Winter is approaching.
6)The bank has approached the problems
in different ways.
34.ensure[ n (r)]: v. 保证;确保;担保
1)She had a copy of the painting boxed to
ensure that it was delivered safely.
2)Your good plan has ensured our success.
3)I will ensure that the car arrives at the
station by seven o’clock.
4)Please ensure/make sure that all the lights
are turned off when you leave the hall.
34. landscape n. (陆上，犹指乡村的风景)
35.landscape [ l ndske p]:n. (陆上/乡村的)风景
view: n. 景色;风景
scenery: n. 风景;景色
sight: n. 风景;景象
enjoy the ...: 欣赏风景
watch/see the ...: 看风景
1)Loch Ness was surrounded by beautiful
natural landscape, which made it
look amazing.
2)This is an oil painting of a landscape
in autumn.
3)The six hills with the valley form a
beautiful landscape.
尼斯湖
/ l k /
n. ______________
Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family.
generosity
be generous to sb 对某人慷慨
be generous with sth 在某方面大方
it's generous of sb to do sth 某人做某事很慷慨
★ These volunteers are very generous ________ the old man.
★Everybody likes to get along with someone who is generous ________ his time and money.
★____________________________ (这个小女孩很慷慨) share her toys with the other kids.
to
with
It is generous of this little girl to
36. butter n. 黄油；vt. 涂黄油于......
bee
honey
37. honey n. 蜂蜜；亲爱的
38.honey [‘h ni]: n. 蜂蜜;(爱称)亲爱的;宝贝
honeymoon: 蜜月
1)Carl and his friends stayed with a generous
family who offered them bread with
butter and honey that was homemade.
2)Add more honey if you have a sweet tooth.
3)Honey, I don’t really think that’s a good idea.
4)They went to Europe for their honeymoon
last spring.
38. ancestor = forefather 祖先
39.ancestor [ nsest (r) ]: n. 祖宗;祖先
descendant: n. 后裔;后代;子孙
generation: n. 一代; 一辈
1)The family’s ancestors once attended to
soldiers who were wounded in the
First World War.
2)My ancestors came from Guizhou Province.
照料/服务
attendant
40.position [p z n]: v. 安装;安置;使处于
n. 位置; 职位; 姿态;地方
in place/position: 在合适的地方
out of place/position: 在不合适的地方
1)You should put the medicines in position.
2)When I entered the office, I found all the
books out of position.
3)They watched over the lake with their
cameras and binoculars, which were
positioned on the hill.
4)The large television screen is positioned
on the wall of the stadium.
5)From his position on the top of the hill, he
had a good view of the city.
6)What would you do in my position
7)I would like to apply for the position of
Sales Director.
41. snack n. 点心；小吃
40.courtyard n. 庭院；院子
The house is built around a central courtyard.
这房子是围绕着中央的庭院而建的。
court n. 法院；法庭；球场；宫廷
yard n. 后院；花园
41.courtyard [ k tjɑ d ]: n. 庭院;院子
1)I will show my friends around Wang
Family Courtyard.
2)Tell the children to go and play in the
courtyard.
42.snack [sn k]: n. 点心;小吃 ; 快餐; 易办到的事
a snack lunch: 快餐午饭
1)Some of the snacks there are amazing.
2)Lunch was a snack in the fields.
3)Don’t have too many snacks, or you will
get fat.
4)I think the work is a snack/a piece of cake
for me.
①
②
She is eager _______a present from her parents.
I was eager to succeed.
be eager to do sth
I was eager to see that.... n.eagerness
Her __________ for knowledge is very strong.
③
for
eagerness
渴望做某事
be eager for/to do sth
be anxious for/to do sth
be dying for/to do sth
be desperate for/to do sth
be hungry/ thirsty for/to do sth
have a desire for
long for/to do sth
43.eager [ i:g ]: adj. 热切的；渴望的
eagerly: adv. 热切地;渴望地
be eager to do...: 渴望做
be eager for sth: 渴求某物
1)There were many eager persons outside
(of) the stadium.
2)All the students in our class are eager to
enter key universities.
44.poet [ p t]: n. 诗人
poem [ p m]: n. 诗;诗歌(可数名词)
poetry [ p tri]: n.诗集; 诗歌; 诗作
(不可数名词)
1)The country has a long history of
producing great writers and poets.
2)She always wrote poems about how she felt.
3)China is a country with a history of over
5,000 years.
45. county n. 郡；县
45.county [ ka nti ]: n.(英国/爱尔兰)郡;
(美国的)县
country: 国家; 农村
countryside: 农村
The county has a population of 650,000
people.
44. feast n. 盛宴；节日
a feast for the eyes and ears 视觉和听觉的盛宴
1. The opening ceremony of Winter Olympics is a feast for the eyes and ears.
46.feast [fi st ]: n. 盛宴;宴会;节日(宗教节日)
holiday: n.假期; 假日;
节日(尤指宗教节日或国家庆典日)
festival: n. 节; 节日
vacation: n. 假期
1)That evening they held a feast for their
foreign friends.
2)Christmas is an important feast for some
people in the west.
46. roll v. (使)翻滚;(使)滚动; n. 卷(轴); 翻滚
a roll of paper/cloth 一卷纸/一匹布
47.roll [r l]: v. (使)翻滚;(使)滚动; 翻转; 卷起来
n. 卷(轴); 翻滚; 卷形物;面包圈
a roll of paper/cloth: 一卷纸/一匹布
role [r l]: n. 角色; 作用
play a role/part in…: 在…中起作用/扮演角色
1)The car rolled down the hill.
2)The woman rolled up /down the window
and drove on.
3)Let’s roll up our sleeves and work hard.
4)The dog had three rolls on the ground
just now.
47. dot n. 点;小(圆)点 v. 加点;遍布
be dotted with 点缀; 布满
The sky was dotted with stars.
繁星点缀着星空
48.dot [d t]: n. 点;小(圆)点
v. 加点;遍布
1)WWW..cn
2)The island is a small green dot on
the map.
3)Don’t forget to dot the letter i.
4)Small villages dot the countryside.
48. cattle n 牛群 (牛的总称---没有复数形式。）
a head of cattle: 一头牛
eighty head of cattle: 80头牛
49.cattle [ k tl ]: n. 牛(牛的总称)(集合名词)
cow: n. 母牛; 奶牛
ox: 公牛(已阉割) (复数: oxen)
bull: 公牛(未阉割)
the Chicago Bulls: 芝加哥公牛队
a head of cattle: 一头牛
eighty head of cattle: 80头牛
cattle: 集合名词,前面不能加 a,词尾也不可
加s。常和many,these,those,the等连用。
用作主语时,句子的谓语动词多用复数。
1)Some cattle are drinking at the pool.
2)The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald
IsIe” and its many green counties is
a true feast for the eyes, with its
rolling green hills dotted with sheep
and cattle.
people, police等作主语, 动词也用复数。
The police/people are searching the
forest for the eight lost children.
49. roar v. n. 吼叫；咆哮
the roar of the waves 海浪的咆哮声
hear the roar of traffic 听到车辆的轰鸣声
roar
50.roar [r (r)]: v. / n. 吼叫;咆哮
1)Don’t roar at your parents.
2)A moment ago, we heard the roars of
lions in the forest.
50. ocean n. 大海;海洋
the Arctic Ocean 北冰洋
the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋
the Indian Ocean 印度洋
the Pacific Ocean 太平洋
51.ocean [ n ]: n. 大海;海洋
the Arctic/Atlantic/Indian/Pacific Ocean:
北冰洋/大西洋/印度洋/太平洋
1)And down by the sea, the roar of the
ocean waves and cries of the seabirds
make up the music of the coast.
2)They may go hiking around the island,
or swimming in the ocean.
拓展总结
summer scent 夏天的气息
sweet scent of fresh flowers 鲜花的芳香
51. scent n. 气味；气息
52.scent [sent]: n. 气味;气息
send -- sent -- sent : 派遣; 发送
smell: n. 气味; 臭味
v. 闻; 嗅; 闻起臭
1)The air is filled with the scent of wild
flowers.
2)The girl is wearing a scent like roses.
3)A police dog picked up the killer’s scent.
53.greet [ɡri t]: v. 问候;迎接
greeting : n. 招呼;迎接; 祝词
a greeting card: 贺卡
great [ɡre t]: 伟大的; 优秀的; 巨大的
1)On a quiet morning in the mountains,
feel the sun on your skin, and breathe
in the sweet scent of fresh flowers
while birds greet the new day with
their morning song.
2)She greeted all the guests warmly as
they arrived at her courtyard.
53. pub n. 酒吧；酒馆=bar
54. wine 果酒；葡萄酒
55. beer 啤酒
56. stew 炖菜
To have a chance of experiencing this,
stop by a village pub and relax with
a glass of wine or a local beer.
white wine
red wine
beer
55.wine [wa n]: n. 葡萄酒;果酒
a bottle of wine: 一瓶葡萄酒
The waiter offered him red wine with
his meal.
56.beer [b (r) ]: n. (一杯)啤酒
a beer = a glass of beer: 一瓶啤酒
1)He sat in the kitchen drinking beer.
2)She has drunk a beer/a glass of beer.
57.stew [stju ]: n. 炖菜(有肉和蔬菜)
v. 炖;煨
1)Better yet, enjoy a delicious traditional
Irish Beef Stew.
2)I will make a stew for lunch.
3)The meat needs to stew for about two
hours.
4)I decide to stew this piece of pork.
58.custom [ k st m ]: n. 风俗;习俗;习惯
customs: n. 海关; 关税
customer : n. 顾客;主顾
habit: n. 习惯(通常指个人的习惯)
practice: n. 习惯; 习俗; 练习; 实践
1)And if you introduce yourself to a friendly
face, you are more than likely to
experience local culture and customs
first-hand.
2)It is a traditional custom for Chinese old
people to live with their children and
their grandchildren.
59.sensory [ sens ri ]: adj. 感觉的;感官的
sense: n. 感官(即视觉、嗅觉、听觉、触觉、味觉)
the sense of sight/ smell/hearing/
touch/ taste:
视觉/嗅觉/听觉/触觉/味觉
sensory organs: 感觉器官
What words does the writer use to describe
sensory details
60.striking [ stra k ]: adj. 引人注目的;显著的
strike [stra k] : 罢工; 侵袭; 重创; 打; 碰撞;
打动; 敲钟; (钟)打点/报时
(strike -- struck --- struck/stricken)
1)A striking image. 引人注目的形象
2)There is a striking difference between
Tom and Peter.
61.transition [tr n z n]: n. 过渡;转变;变迁
We are now in a transition stage of the
reform.
crowd
62.crowd [kra d]: v.挤满;使拥挤
n. 人群;一群人;观众 ; 民众;群众
a crowd of/crowds of :一大群; 很多
crowd in (on sb):
(想法/问题等) 涌上心头;涌入
crowd into sth: 大批涌入...
crowded : adj. 拥挤的; 挤满的
be crowded with...: 挤满…
1)Dave could not find a seat in the room.
It was very crowded.
2)I want to get there early to avoid the
crowds.
3)A crowd of people are waiting in front
of the school gate.
4)Too many uncomfortable thoughts
were crowding in on her.
5)Millions of people have crowded into
the center of the capital.
6)In the spring the park is always
crowded with people every day.
Anglo-Saxon [ gl u's ksn]:
盎格鲁---撒克逊人
盎格鲁-撒克逊人通常是指公元五世纪初到1066年诺曼征服之间生活在大不列颠岛东部和南部地区的文化习俗上相近的一些民族，属于日耳曼民族的一支。
Viking [va k ]: n.维京人;北欧海盗
维京人, 别称北欧海盗, 老家是挪威、丹麦和瑞典，他们从公元8世纪到11世纪一直侵扰欧洲沿海和不列颠岛屿,开始只是打劫西欧沿海的修道院,后逐渐对其他欧洲国家进行有组织的入侵,足迹遍及从欧洲大陆至北极广阔疆域,欧洲这一个时期被称为“维京时期”(Viking Age)。
除了征战,维京人还是伟大的航海家,向西他们逐渐发现了冰岛和格陵兰岛,并最终到达北美。向东他们一度到达了里海。
The Normans: 诺曼人
诺曼人指定居在法国北部(或法兰克王国)的维京人及其后裔。诺曼人建立诺曼底公国,同时也远征意大利南部、西西里以及英格兰、威尔斯、苏格兰、爱尔兰,并向这些地区移民拓殖。
63. Wales [we lz]:威尔士(英国)
64. Scotland ['sk t l nd]:苏格兰(英国)
65. Northern Ireland [ n n'a l nd]:
北爱尔兰(英国)
66. Anglo-Saxon [ gl u's ksn]:
盎格鲁---撒克逊人
67. Viking [va k ]: n.维京人;北欧海盗
68. Norman ['n m n]: adj.诺曼式的;诺曼人的
the Normans: 诺曼人
Battle of Hastings['he st z]:
黑斯廷斯战役
黑斯廷斯战役是1066年10月14日,英格兰国王哈罗德·葛温森(Harold II)的盎格鲁--撒克逊军队和诺曼底公爵威廉一世(William of Normandy)的军队在黑斯廷斯(英国东萨塞克斯郡濒临加来海峡的城市)地域进行的一场交战,以征服者威廉获胜告终。
此战也被认为是欧洲中世纪盛期开始的标志。
句
型
积
累
动名词短语做主语，谓语动词常用
单数
Imitation：
①眼见为实。
_________ is believing.
②在阳光下看书对我们的眼睛有害。
_____________________ is bad for our eyes.
③学习哲学将为我们的生活打开另一扇窗。
_______________________ another window to our lives.
Seeing
Reading in the sun
Studying philosophy will open
1. Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.
表使役的动词：have, make, get等。
have /get/make + n. /pron. + p.p “使某事被做”
1. Speak a little louder to make yourself ________ by us all. (hear)
2. We should work harder to get the work ___________(recognize).
3. They are going to ______________________ (种些树)
Attention: have ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中具有以下含义：
1. 主语“请别人做某事”
He wants to have his eyes examined tomorrow.
（“检查”的动作由医生来进行）
2. “遭受某一不愉快、不测的事情”
Be careful, or you'll have your purse stolen.
heard
recognized
have some trees planted
2.They had castles built all around England, and made changes to the legal system.
with 复合结构
（1）with +n/pron+v-ing: 表示主动或正在进行的动作。
With summer coming near, it's time to buy cool clothes.
（2）with +n/pron+v.-ed: 表示被动或已经完成的动作。
① All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.
（3）with +n/pron+ to do: 表示将要发生的动作。
I can't go out with all these dishes to wash.
3.The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.
(5). with + n./pron+ + adj 这里的形容词常表示状态。
(6). with + n./pron+ adv. 副词常表示情况或状态。
①With John away, we've got more room.
②One family lived in a house with tall trees all round.
He was shocked with his eyes wide open.
（4）with +n/pron+ prep . phrase 表示状态或说明情况。
①His wife came down the stairs, with her 2-year-old son in her arm.
②The boy is smiling with a book and a pencil in his hand.
___________________________, he had to come to school with the help of his classmates.
With his leg broken
The boy is smiling _______________________________________.
看图说话
with a book and a pencil in his hand
The baby fell asleep __________________.
with the light burning/on
The man is sleeping ___________________________
with the window open.
话题微写作---Learn about a country through its history
（1）许多人都很困惑以下几个名称的意义，联合王国，大不列颠，不列颠和英格兰，为了解决这个困惑，了解一点英国的历史很有帮助。(be puzzled about; solve the puzzle; 动名词作主语)
（2）16世纪，领国威尔士并入英格兰王国；紧接着18世纪也加入进来。（be joined to; followed by）
（3）20世纪爱尔兰南部脱离了联合王国，形成了今天的英国全称。(break away from )
（4）同属于联合王国的这四个国家在某些领域紧密合作，比如说同样的国旗和军事防御。(as well as, military defense)
（5）不管如何，被美丽的风景吸引以及随着对英国的更多了解，我迫不及待地想亲自参观一下。(strike, with结构)
Many people are puzzled about the meanings of the names : the United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain and England, to solve this puzzle, knowing a little bit about British history will help.
In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England, followed by Scotland in 18th century.
In the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, resulting in the full name we have today.
The four countries belonging to the United Kingdom work together in some areas, such as using the same flag as well as sharing the same military defense.
Anyhow, struck by the picturesque local scenery and with more knowledge of the UK, I can't wait to visit it in person.
Van Gogh
星月夜
向日葵
69. Battle of Hastings['he st z]:
黑斯廷斯战役
70. Roman ['r um n]: adj.古罗马的;罗马的
n.古罗马人;罗马市民
71. Van Gogh [v n'g f]: 梵高(荷兰画家)
72. the Emerald Isle ['em r ld a l]:
绿宝石岛(爱尔兰的别称)
73. Irish ['a r ]:
adj.爱尔兰的;爱尔兰人(或语)的
She sobbed, hiding her face in her hands.
Nancy gave me a big wink as I came in.
He was peeping at her through his fingers.
她掩面哭泣。
当我进来时，南希向我使眼色。
他从指缝里偷看她
Word revision
n. 孔子
n. 公馆;宅第
n. 基地;公基
philosophy n.
descendant n.
adj. 单独的;个别的n.个人
n. 足跟;(脚、抹子等的)后跟
Achilles’ heel
n. 王国;领域
adj. 最重要的;最高级别的n首领
n. 智力游戏;疑问w.迷惑;使困惑
adj. 附近的;邻近的adv.在附近
把……和……连接或联结起来
Confucius
Mansion
Cemetery
n. 哲学
n. 后裔；后代
individual
heel
知名的弱点
kingdom
Chief
Puzzle
nearby
join…to…
脱离;背叛;逃脱
vi. 应在(某处);适应
属于
同(一样也);和;还
n. 通货;货币
adj. 军事的;军用的
n. 防御;保卫
adj 法律的;合法的
vt. 围绕;包围
n. 证据;证明
n. 成就;成绩;达到
n. 地方;地点;位置
vt. 占领;征服;控制
break away (from sb/sth)
belong
belong to
as well as
currency
military
defence
legal
surround
evidence
achievement
location
conquer
n. 战役;搏斗vi.＆vt.搏斗;奋斗
n. 港口(城市
adj. 极有吸引力的;述人的
留心;留意
n. 收费;指控;主管vt.收费;控告;充电
vt. 宣布;通知;声称
nm. 金额;数量
n (艺术作品的)展览馆;画廊
n. 方法;途径;接近vt.接近;接洽
vt. 保证;确保;担保
n. (陆上，尤指乡村的)风景
adi 慷慨的;大方的;丰富的
n. 黄油;奶油.涂黄油于
battle
port
fascinating
keep your eyes open for
charge
announce
amount
gallery
approach
ensure
landscape
generous
butter
n. 蜂蜜
n. 祖宗;祖先
n. 位置;姿态;职位
n. 庭院;院子
n. 点心;小吃
adj. 热切的;渴望的
n. 诗人
n. (英国、爱尔兰的)郡;(美国的)县
n. 盛宴;宴会;节日
vi. vt.(使)翻滚;(使)滚动n.卷(轴);翻滚
n. 点;小(圆)点Wi.加点;遍布
n. 牛
vi. 是n.吼叫;咆哮
honey
ancestor
position
courtyard
snack
eager
poet
county
feast
roll
dot
cattle
roar
n. 大海;海洋
scent n.
vi. 问候:迎接
n. 酒吧;酒馆
n. 葡萄酒;果酒
n. (一杯啤酒
stew n.
n. 风俗;习俗;习惯
sensory adi.
adj. 引人注目的;显著的
transition n.
n. 人群;民众vt.挤满
Wales
ocean
气味;气息
greet
pub
wine
beer
炖菜;炖;煨
custom
感觉的;感官的
striking
过渡;转变;变迁
crowd
威尔士(英国)
Phrases
导致混乱
lead to confusion
做一个…的研究项目
do a research project on
家谱
family tree
与…相
be similar to
允许某人做某事
allow sb to do sth
致命的弱点
Achilles’ heel
同某人开玩笑
pull one’s leg
;;
因环境不熟悉而感到不舒服或尴尬的人
fish out of water
被用于做某事
be used for
根据,按照,取决于, 据…所说
according to
对…感到迷惑
be confused by
如果有什么的话(如果那样)
if any(if so)
一点儿
a little bit
解决难题
solve a puzzle
解决难题
把…和…连接或联结起来
在18世纪
脱离;背叛;逃脱
导致
把…称为…
属于
同(一样也);和;还
军事防御
例如
教育/法律体系
被…包围
接管,掌管
solve a puzzle
join…to…
in the 18th century
break away from sb./sth
result in
refer to…as…
belong to
as well as
military defence
for example
education /legal systems
be surrounded by
take over
在不同历史时期
留下
使得某事/物被(他人)做
对….做出改变
成为…的一部分,影响, 进入
追溯到
一直
全英国
留心;留意
挑选出,分类
还有/剩下
在…入口处
眼睛盯着…
at different times throughout history
leave behind
have sth. done
make changes to
enter into
date back to
all the way
all over the UK
keep your eyes open for
sort out
There be sth left
at the entrance of
have one’s eyes fixed on
一份,一本
注意,照料
看守,监视,照管
渴望做某事
对…有极大的影响
有悠久的…历史。
一个真正的视觉盛宴
点缀着…
组成,弥补,化妆
在一个安静的早晨
吸入 (呼出)
用…向某人打招呼/问候某人。
有做某事的机会
a copy of
attend to
watch over
be eager to do sth.
have a great influence on
have a long history of
a true feast for the eyes
be dotted with
make up
on a quiet morning
breathe in(out)
greet sb.with…
have a chance of doing sth.
过去坐坐,顺便造访
更好的是
更有可能做某事
背景知识,背景资料。
对…做一些研究
成为废墟
发生,举行
stop by
better yet
be more likely to do sth
background information
do some research on
be left in ruins
take place
tThank you!
Unit 4
HISTORY AND TRADITIONS
历史与传统
Words and Expressions
The Palace of Westminster
The River Thames
The Big Ben
Westminster Bridge
泰晤士河
A people without the knowledge of their past history， origin and culture is like a tree without roots.
“一个不了解自己历史、起源和文化的民族，就如同一棵无根之树”
Is it important for a people to know their history and traditions Why
Learn about a country through its history
Can you tell what type of map it is
It is an administrative zoning map.
行政区域图
地形图( topographic map)
交通图( traffic map)
气候图( weather map)
资源图( resource map)
administer
prime minister
administration
What do the different symbols (e.g, circles, spots ) and colours stand for
The small cireles stand for big cities, the red spot stands for the capital and different colours stand for different regions or countries
How many parts (countries) can you see that make up the UK
区域,行政区;领域,界
Confucius
Confucius is a great thinker, educator，politician and philosopher.
Confucius has made great contribitions to education,politics and philosophy.
policy 政策,方针;原则
politics
Confucius
孔子
Mencius
孟子
“Confuci”其实是“孔夫子”的音译，“Menci”则是“孟子”的音译，因为拉丁文中名词有“阳性”、“中性”、“阴性”的区别，孔子、孟子作为男性，他们的名字要加上表示阳性的后缀-us。其他人名也大致按照这个方法翻译，例如明朝天启皇帝的拉丁文名字 Thienkius，崇祯皇帝是Zungchinius，清朝顺治皇帝则被翻译成 Sungteius。
明末清初的传教士是第一批给中国人取外文名的翻译家，第二批则是清朝后期，按照韦氏拼音注音的译者。韦氏拼音也叫威妥玛式拼音法，由英国人威妥玛（Thomas Francis Wade）等人在1967年合编的注音规则。这种拼音被普遍用来给中国的人名、地名注音。如孙中山的名字SunYat-sen，北京的译名Peking等。
韦氏拼音同样让著名学者闹过笑话，最著名的莫过于“常凯申事件”，知名大学的历史系副主任将蒋介石韦氏拼音的写法ChiangKai-shek翻译成常凯申，从而在网上留下了一个长盛不衰的梗。
1958年汉语拼音方案出台后，韦氏拼音在大陆就被废止了，现在只有一些历史比较悠久的商标或者学校校徽上还留下一些痕迹，例如北京大学（Peking University）、清华大学（Tsinghua University）、茅台（Moutai）张裕（Changyu）等。现在要翻译古代人的名字，直接使用汉语拼音就可以了。
Do you know QuFu
What do you know about it
曲阜，山东省辖县级市，孔子的故乡，是黄帝生地、神农故都, “东方圣城”
孔庙
孔林
孔府
大成殿
Learning without reflecting leads to confusion.
学而不思则罔
Review the old and learn the new.
温故而知新。
Make no social distinctions in teaching.
有教无类。
To learn and at due time to repeat what one has learnt, isn’t that after all a pleasure
学而时习之，不亦乐乎
Do not do to others what you do not want others to do to you.
己所不欲勿施于人
When seeing a person with high caliber, strive to be his equal.
见贤思齐
水准
1.Confucius [k n'fju s]: n. 孔子
Temple of Confucius: 孔庙
Confucius Institute: 孔子学院
Confucius has made great contribitions to education,politics and philosophy.
XX父亲节主题讲话稿_1
XX父亲节主题演讲稿
大家好,我是xx班的xxx,下周日我们又将迎来一个特殊的节日——6月17日父亲节。这个节日我们常常会忘记。我们总记得母亲,他们生养我们付出了艰辛,父亲呢 在我们眼里,父亲总很忙,早出晚归,陪我们玩耍的时间是那么少,甚至我们有时请他帮忙时他说:找妈妈去。但爸爸从来没有忘记我们,他用全部的时间为我们建造一个衣食无忧的家,他会用在我们进步、成功时偷偷地笑,他会用看似放任我们的时刻锻炼我们的意志。父亲无私的爱你们是否感受到 通过这个ppt大家多了解父亲,记住父亲的节日——父亲节。
先让我们来看看父亲节的起源吧!父亲节的由来是杜德夫人的突发奇想而来的。19XX年,住在美国华盛顿州士波肯市的杜德夫人,当她参加完教会举办的母亲节主日崇拜之后,杜德夫人的心里有了很深的感触,她心里想着:“为什么这个世界没有一个纪念父亲的节日呢 ”19XX年那年,正好是斯马先生辞世之年,当杜德夫人参加完教会的母亲节感恩礼拜后,她特别地想念父亲;直到那时,杜德夫人才明白,她的父亲在养育儿女过程中所付出的爱心与努力,并不亚于任何一个母亲的辛苦。杜德夫人将她的感受告诉教会的瑞马士
2.mansion n. 公馆；宅地
2.mansion [ m n n]: n. 公馆;宅第
Kong Family Mansion: 孔府
My grandfather spared no money when
he built this mansion.
3. cemetery [ sem tri]: n. 墓地;公墓
tomb [tu m]: n. 坟墓
grave: n. 坟墓
Cemetery of Confucius: 孔林
不惜重金
cemetery
Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery
4.philosophy [f l s fi]: n. 哲学
philosopher [f l s f (r)]: 哲学家
1)Xiao Kong is doing a research project
on Confucius philosophy.
2)Confucius is one of his favourite
philosophers.
5.descendant [d send nt]: n.
后裔;后代;子孙
1)Confucius has over 3 million descendants.
2)As one of Confucius’ descendants, Xiao
Kong’s name is recorded in the family tree.
descend v. 下降
The plane began to descend.
applicant 申请人
immigrant 移民
assistant 助手
XX父亲节主题讲话稿_1
XX父亲节主题演讲稿
大家好,我是xx班的xxx,下周日我们又将迎来一个特殊的节日——6月17日父亲节。这个节日我们常常会忘记。我们总记得母亲,他们生养我们付出了艰辛,父亲呢 在我们眼里,父亲总很忙,早出晚归,陪我们玩耍的时间是那么少,甚至我们有时请他帮忙时他说:找妈妈去。但爸爸从来没有忘记我们,他用全部的时间为我们建造一个衣食无忧的家,他会用在我们进步、成功时偷偷地笑,他会用看似放任我们的时刻锻炼我们的意志。父亲无私的爱你们是否感受到 通过这个ppt大家多了解父亲,记住父亲的节日——父亲节。
先让我们来看看父亲节的起源吧!父亲节的由来是杜德夫人的突发奇想而来的。19XX年,住在美国华盛顿州士波肯市的杜德夫人,当她参加完教会举办的母亲节主日崇拜之后,杜德夫人的心里有了很深的感触,她心里想着:“为什么这个世界没有一个纪念父亲的节日呢 ”19XX年那年,正好是斯马先生辞世之年,当杜德夫人参加完教会的母亲节感恩礼拜后,她特别地想念父亲;直到那时,杜德夫人才明白,她的父亲在养育儿女过程中所付出的爱心与努力,并不亚于任何一个母亲的辛苦。杜德夫人将她的感受告诉教会的瑞马士
5. descendant n. 后裔；后代；子孙
ancestor n. 祖先
individual adj. 单独的：个别的
n. 个人
in - divide(分) – ual(形容词后缀)
不能再分了
collective adj. 集体的
6.individual [ nd v d u l]: n. 个人
adj. 单独的;个别的
1)An idiom is an expression which means
something different from the meaning
of the individual words.
2)Sometimes I feel that individuals can
have little effect on such huge
environmental problems.
3)The museum is open to both teams
and individuals.
阿喀琉斯的脚跟/之踵[zhǒng]
阿喀琉斯, 是古希腊神话中最伟大的英雄之一。相传，他的母亲是一位女神，在他降生之初，女神为了使他长生不死，将他浸入冥河洗礼。阿基里斯从此刀枪不入，百毒不侵，只有一点除外———他的脚踵当时被女神提在手中，未能浸入冥河，于是“阿基里斯之踵”就成了这位英雄的唯一弱点。在漫长的特洛亚战争中，阿基里斯一直是希腊人最勇敢的将领。在十年战争即将结束时，敌方将领在众神的示意下，抓住了阿基里斯的弱点，一箭射中他的脚踵，阿基里斯最终不治而亡。
7.heel [hi l]: n. 足跟; (脚/袜子/鞋等的)后跟
Achilles’ [ kili:z] heel:
(喻)(希腊神话)阿喀琉斯的脚跟; 致命的弱点
1)English is his Achilles’ heel.
2)Lucy’s Achilles’ heel is that she
cannot believe in others.
3)She will buy shoes with a low/high heel.
2. Achilles’ heel 希娜神话：阿喀琉斯的脚跟
(比喻)致命的弱点
练：
① Angela is a super scholar, but spoken English is her Achilles’ heel .
② When he gives me advice, I am all ears.
他给我提意见时，我_____________________.
③ Sorry, I’m all thumbs when I cook.
很抱歉我一做饭就_____________________________.
④ My wife bought a mink coat that cost an arm and a leg.
我妻子_____________________买了一件貂皮大衣。
笨手笨脚的
洗耳恭听
花了一大笔钱
pull one’s leg 开某人的玩笑
be all ears 洗耳恭听
be all thumbs 笨手笨脚的
green fingers 园艺技能
cost (sb) an arm and a leg 花了一大笔钱
see eye to eye 看法一致
hit the nail on the head 一针见血
Some idioms related to body part
Why do you think William said his hometown was similar to Qufu
1. be similar to 与…相似 ___________n. 相似性
similarity
①Although the twins are quite different , they _______________ each other in several ways.
②What ____________ can you find between them
are similar to
similarities
8. Kingdom n. 王国, 领域
the United Kingdom 英国;联合王国
emperor 皇帝
empire 帝国
imperial
/ m p ri l /
field/area: 领域
9. chief adj. 最重要的；最高级别的
the chief/main/major cause/problem/reason
主要原因 / 问题 / 理由
n. (公司或机构的) 首领；酋长；大厨
chiefs （pl.）
chef
chefs
10.puzzle [ p zl]: n. 谜;智力游戏;疑问
v. 迷惑;使困惑
puzzling: adj. 令人迷惑的/困惑的
puzzled: adj. (人感到)困惑的;迷惑不解的
a word puzzle: 字谜
1)Getting to know a little bit about British
history will help you solve this puzzle.
2)What puzzles him is why that movie
is so popular.
3)These problems will puzzle the scientist.
4)These problems are puzzling.
5)The scientist is puzzled about these
problems.
6)She had a puzzled look on her face.
11.nearby [ n ba ]: adv. 在附近
adj. 附近的;邻近的(常在名词前)
1)In the 16th century, the nearby country
of Wales was joined to the Kingdom
of England.
2)Her mother lives in a nearby town.
=Her mother lives in a town nearby.
3)Though they all live nearby, they don’t
know each other.
12. join ... to... 把......和......连接或联结起来
joined efforts 共同的努力
12.join ... to...: 把…和…连接或联结起来
1)In the 16th century, the nearby country
of Wales was joined to the Kingdom
of England.
2)The island is joined to the mainland(大陆)
by a bridge.
13. break away (from ): 脱离;背叛;逃脱
1)Finally, in the 20th century, the southern
part of Ireland broke away from the
UK, which resulted in the full name
we have today: the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
2)It was wrong for him to break away from
all his good friends.
3)The thief tried to break away from the
policeman, but he failed.
4)Some people in Taiwan want to break away
from the Chinese mainland.
The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas.
belong to 属于（无被动，无进行）
belongings n.所有物，财产，财物
★威廉 教授一直告诉他的学生：未来属于受过良好教育的人。
Professor William keeps telling his students that the future belongs to the well-educated.
★Lockers are available to store any ____________ during your visit.
★The painting ___________ the gallery dates back to the Ming Dynasty.
belongings
belonging to
as well as 同；和，还
★as well as 连接两个并列句子成分，连接两个主语时，谓语动词应与________ 主语保持一致。
★as well 也，又（常放在句尾，相当于too）
前面的
①English , ___________Chinese and maths, is of great importance.
②The famous musician, as well as his students, ____________ (invite) to perform at the opening ceremony last month.
as well as
was invited
as well as, along with, together with等
连接的名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词与其
前面的名词或代词保持一致。它们的意思
是: “和”。
1)The man, as well as his three children,
is going out for hiking this weekend.
2)The headmaster together/along with
the teachers is discussing this big
problem.
as well, too, also, either: 也
前三个用于肯定句, either 用于否定句。
1)I have been to the Great Wall as well．
2)I have been to the Great Wall (,) too．
3)I have also been to the Great Wall.
4)I have not been to the Great Wall either.
1.某人突然想到……
2.被……打动；深受感动
3.趁热打铁。
4.两者兼顾；达到平衡
5.在罢工
6.打击者；罢工者
▲a striking image
strike---struck---struck--striking(adj.显著的)
打;撞击; 罢工; 侵袭；袭击; 突然想到；（钟）敲响报时; 划(火柴)
① It strikes sb.that...
② be struck by...
③ Strike while the iron is hot.
④ strike a balance between A and B
⑤ be/ go on strike
⑥ striker
16.currency [ k r nsi ]: n. 通货; 货币
cash: n. 现金
bill/note: n. 纸币
coin: n. 硬币
You’ll need some cash in local currency
but you can also use your credit card.
17. military adj. 军事的；军用的
take part in military training
参加军训
cemetery
They use the same flag , known as Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence.
1. The Great Wall was our main military __________ against enemies in ancient times.
2.To defend ____________ disease, we should lead a healthy life.
3. She stepped back as if in ________(defend).
defence
from/ against
defence
[Summary]
in defence of 保护/保卫.....
defend from/ against 保护...免受....
defend oneself against 为自己辩解
军事防御
18.defence [d fens ]: n. 防御;保卫
defend [d fend ]: v. 防御;保卫
the Department of Defense: 国防部
1)They use the same flag, known as the
Union Jack, as well as share the same
currency and military defence.
2)The town walls were built as a defence
against enemy attacks.
3)The soldiers have been sent to defend
the borders(边境).
19.legal ['li:ɡl]: adj. 法律的;合法的
legally: adv. 法律上;合法地
illegal [ li:gl]: adj. 不合法的;违法的
illegally: adv. 不法地
law: n. 法律
【in- im- un- dis- -less il-】
1)For example, England, Wales, Scotland,
and Northern Ireland all have different
education systems and legal systems.
2)Everyone must earn money in the legal way.
20.surround [s ra nd ]: v. 围绕;包围
surrounding: adj. 周围的;附近的
surroundings: n.环境;周围的事物
be surrounded with/by…:
被…围绕/包围
1)The police have surrounded the office
building.
2)The lake is surrounded with/by trees.
You will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history.
adj. surrounding
① The teacher _______________________________(被孩子们包围着)
② _____________ (surround) by lovely Children, the teacher wore a smile on her face.
was surrounded by lovely Children.
[Summary]
surround …with…. 以….包围….
be surrounded with/by …. 被….包围….
Surrounded
n. surroundings (复数) 环境
①The absolute best way to learn English is to surround yourself ________ it.
② __________(surround) by a lot of green trees and flowers, the village has beautiful ____________.
③They climbed upward along the steep cliffs ____________(surround) the village.
④ All the buildings_______________________
(被灌木包围着)
Surrounded
surroundings
surrounding
are surrounded by bushes
巧 学 活 用
with
21.evidence ['ev d ns]: n. 证据;证明
【不可数名词: 前面不能加an/a, 后不能加s】
1)Almost everywhere you go in the UK,
you will be surrounded by evidence
of four different groups of people
who took over at different times
throughout history.
2)We have no evidence to support the
case.
22.achievement [ 't i:vm nt]: n.
成就;成绩;达到
achieve : v. 取得; 获得; 实现; 成功
1)Some of their great achievements
included building towns and roads.
2)They are proud of their children’s
achievements.
3)We must work hard to achieve our goals.
23.location [l ke n ]: n. 地方;地点;位置
destination: n. 目的地
locate : v. 使位于;确定准确地点
be located in/at/to…: 位于;坐落在
1)The Vikings came in the eighth century,
left behind lots of new vocabulary,
and also the names of many locations
across the UK.
2)It is a suitable location for a new airport.
3)The factory is located at the foot of a hill.
24.conquer [ k k (r) ]: v. 占领;征服;控制
I believe that we can conquer cancer in
the near future.
25.battle ['b tl ]: n. 战役;搏斗
v. 搏斗;奋斗
war: n. 战争
war -- campain -- battle -- fight
1)They conquered England after the
well-known Battle of Hastings in the
11th century.
2)With the support of the world, we have
the full confidence to win the battle
against the virus.
3)The doctors battled throughout the
night to save the woman’s life.
4)The man battled against cancer for
four years.
port
import
export
26.port [p t ]: n. 港口(城市)
airport: 飞机场; 空港
harbour: 港口; 港湾
The capital city London is a great place
to start, as it is an ancient port city
that has a history dating all the way
back to Roman times.
26. fascinating adj. 迷人的
fascinate v. 迷住，使着迷
= extremely charming and attractive
a fascinating story/subject
Anything to do with old myths and legends fascinates me.
任何与上古神话传说有关的东西都会使我着迷。
27.fascinating [ f s ne t ]:
adj. 极有吸引力的;迷人的
1)The UK is a fascinating mix of history
and modern culture, with both new
and old traditions.
2)He told some fascinating stories about
his life in France.
3)Guilin is the most fascinating place that
I have ever been to.
28.keep your eyes open : 留心;留意
1)If you keep your eyes open, you will be
surprised to find that you can see both
its past and its present.
2)While you are checking the animals, keep
your eyes open for any signs of disease.
01
free of charge
charge vt.充电；收费，控告
n. 收费；指控；主管
免费
02
in charge of
03
take charge of
04
05
charge sb for sth
负责；主管(介词词组)
负责；主管(动词词组)
由…负责；主管
因…收某人的费用
in the charge of
06
charge sb with sth 指控某人某事
① She takes charge of the day-to-day running of the business.
→ She is ___________ the day-to-day running of the business.
② Our monitor is in charge of our class when our headteacher is out.
→ Our class is ___________________________when our headteacher is out.
③ I'm not going there again, because they charged me 10 pounds for a cup of coffee.
④In the car park we could get our car battery charged
(charge).
⑤ The driver was charged with speeding.
⑥ The ticket is free of charge.
in charge of
in the charge of our monitor
1)Judy and I had our car parked in an
underground car park near Trafalgar
Square, where we could get our car
battery charged.
2)The project(工程) is in the charge of
Mr. Wang.
3)Mr. Wang is in charge of the project.
4)He took charge of the factory after his
father’s death.
伦敦特拉法尔加广场 ; 鸽子广场
30.announce [ 'na ns]: v. 宣布;通知;声称
announcement : n. 通告;宣告
1)When we finally reached the service
desk to ask for audio guides, we
heard it announced that there
were no audio guides left.
2)The government announced that they
would build a new highway to the
mountain.
31. amount [ ma nt ]: n. 金额;数量
quantity: 数量
quality: 质量
1)We found ourselves very surprised by
the large number of visitors and the
amount of noise at the entrance of
the national Gallery.
2)She needs that amount of money to
survive.
3)He has a large amount of /large amounts
of work to do every day. (大量)
gallery
32.gallery [ ɡ l ri]: n. 展览馆;画廊
an art gallery: 美术馆
the National Gallery: 国家美术馆
1)We found ourselves very surprised by
the large number of visitors and the
amount of noise at the entrance of
the national Gallery.
2)Her pictures are on display at the art gallery.
1. Winter is approaching.
2. With the approach of Christmas, the weather turned colder.
3. The approach to the house was a narrow path.
4. The best approach to _________(learn)a foreign language is reading as much as possible.
v. 走近；接近；临近
n. 接近，方法，途径
an approach to (doing) 做某事的方法
with the approach of = with….. approaching
It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around.
learning
1. Many _____________ have been adopted to control the spread of COVID-19.
2. _____________ (approach) the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.
3. _____________________（随着考试的临近）I began to learn English.
Approaching
approaches
With the test approaching
巧 学 活 用
33.approach [ pr t ]:
n.方法;途径; 接近; 道路
v. 接近; 接洽; 着手处理; 靠近
an approach to (doing) sth…:
(做) 什么的方法
a method of/for (doing) sth…:
(做) 什么的方法
a way of doing/to do sth…:
做什么的方法
a manner of doing sth…:做什么的方法
1)It was hard to approach the painting as
there were so many people around.
2)As you approach the city, you’ll see the
university on the right.
3)We will explore different approaches to
gathering information.
4)We will adopt different approaches to
(solving) the problems.
5)Winter is approaching.
6)The bank has approached the problems
in different ways.
34.ensure[ n (r)]: v. 保证;确保;担保
1)She had a copy of the painting boxed to
ensure that it was delivered safely.
2)Your good plan has ensured our success.
3)I will ensure that the car arrives at the
station by seven o’clock.
4)Please ensure/make sure that all the lights
are turned off when you leave the hall.
34. landscape n. (陆上，犹指乡村的风景)
35.landscape [ l ndske p]:n. (陆上/乡村的)风景
view: n. 景色;风景
scenery: n. 风景;景色
sight: n. 风景;景象
enjoy the ...: 欣赏风景
watch/see the ...: 看风景
1)Loch Ness was surrounded by beautiful
natural landscape, which made it
look amazing.
2)This is an oil painting of a landscape
in autumn.
3)The six hills with the valley form a
beautiful landscape.
尼斯湖
/ l k /
n. ______________
Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family.
generosity
be generous to sb 对某人慷慨
be generous with sth 在某方面大方
it's generous of sb to do sth 某人做某事很慷慨
★ These volunteers are very generous ________ the old man.
★Everybody likes to get along with someone who is generous ________ his time and money.
★____________________________ (这个小女孩很慷慨) share her toys with the other kids.
to
with
It is generous of this little girl to
36. butter n. 黄油；vt. 涂黄油于......
bee
honey
37. honey n. 蜂蜜；亲爱的
38.honey [‘h ni]: n. 蜂蜜;(爱称)亲爱的;宝贝
honeymoon: 蜜月
1)Carl and his friends stayed with a generous
family who offered them bread with
butter and honey that was homemade.
2)Add more honey if you have a sweet tooth.
3)Honey, I don’t really think that’s a good idea.
4)They went to Europe for their honeymoon
last spring.
38. ancestor = forefather 祖先
39.ancestor [ nsest (r) ]: n. 祖宗;祖先
descendant: n. 后裔;后代;子孙
generation: n. 一代; 一辈
1)The family’s ancestors once attended to
soldiers who were wounded in the
First World War.
2)My ancestors came from Guizhou Province.
照料/服务
attendant
40.position [p z n]: v. 安装;安置;使处于
n. 位置; 职位; 姿态;地方
in place/position: 在合适的地方
out of place/position: 在不合适的地方
1)You should put the medicines in position.
2)When I entered the office, I found all the
books out of position.
3)They watched over the lake with their
cameras and binoculars, which were
positioned on the hill.
4)The large television screen is positioned
on the wall of the stadium.
5)From his position on the top of the hill, he
had a good view of the city.
6)What would you do in my position
7)I would like to apply for the position of
Sales Director.
41. snack n. 点心；小吃
40.courtyard n. 庭院；院子
The house is built around a central courtyard.
这房子是围绕着中央的庭院而建的。
court n. 法院；法庭；球场；宫廷
yard n. 后院；花园
41.courtyard [ k tjɑ d ]: n. 庭院;院子
1)I will show my friends around Wang
Family Courtyard.
2)Tell the children to go and play in the
courtyard.
42.snack [sn k]: n. 点心;小吃 ; 快餐; 易办到的事
a snack lunch: 快餐午饭
1)Some of the snacks there are amazing.
2)Lunch was a snack in the fields.
3)Don’t have too many snacks, or you will
get fat.
4)I think the work is a snack/a piece of cake
for me.
①
②
She is eager _______a present from her parents.
I was eager to succeed.
be eager to do sth
I was eager to see that.... n.eagerness
Her __________ for knowledge is very strong.
③
for
eagerness
渴望做某事
be eager for/to do sth
be anxious for/to do sth
be dying for/to do sth
be desperate for/to do sth
be hungry/ thirsty for/to do sth
have a desire for
long for/to do sth
43.eager [ i:g ]: adj. 热切的；渴望的
eagerly: adv. 热切地;渴望地
be eager to do...: 渴望做
be eager for sth: 渴求某物
1)There were many eager persons outside
(of) the stadium.
2)All the students in our class are eager to
enter key universities.
44.poet [ p t]: n. 诗人
poem [ p m]: n. 诗;诗歌(可数名词)
poetry [ p tri]: n.诗集; 诗歌; 诗作
(不可数名词)
1)The country has a long history of
producing great writers and poets.
2)She always wrote poems about how she felt.
3)China is a country with a history of over
5,000 years.
45. county n. 郡；县
45.county [ ka nti ]: n.(英国/爱尔兰)郡;
(美国的)县
country: 国家; 农村
countryside: 农村
The county has a population of 650,000
people.
44. feast n. 盛宴；节日
a feast for the eyes and ears 视觉和听觉的盛宴
1. The opening ceremony of Winter Olympics is a feast for the eyes and ears.
46.feast [fi st ]: n. 盛宴;宴会;节日(宗教节日)
holiday: n.假期; 假日;
节日(尤指宗教节日或国家庆典日)
festival: n. 节; 节日
vacation: n. 假期
1)That evening they held a feast for their
foreign friends.
2)Christmas is an important feast for some
people in the west.
46. roll v. (使)翻滚;(使)滚动; n. 卷(轴); 翻滚
a roll of paper/cloth 一卷纸/一匹布
47.roll [r l]: v. (使)翻滚;(使)滚动; 翻转; 卷起来
n. 卷(轴); 翻滚; 卷形物;面包圈
a roll of paper/cloth: 一卷纸/一匹布
role [r l]: n. 角色; 作用
play a role/part in…: 在…中起作用/扮演角色
1)The car rolled down the hill.
2)The woman rolled up /down the window
and drove on.
3)Let’s roll up our sleeves and work hard.
4)The dog had three rolls on the ground
just now.
47. dot n. 点;小(圆)点 v. 加点;遍布
be dotted with 点缀; 布满
The sky was dotted with stars.
繁星点缀着星空
48.dot [d t]: n. 点;小(圆)点
v. 加点;遍布
1)WWW..cn
2)The island is a small green dot on
the map.
3)Don’t forget to dot the letter i.
4)Small villages dot the countryside.
48. cattle n 牛群 (牛的总称---没有复数形式。）
a head of cattle: 一头牛
eighty head of cattle: 80头牛
49.cattle [ k tl ]: n. 牛(牛的总称)(集合名词)
cow: n. 母牛; 奶牛
ox: 公牛(已阉割) (复数: oxen)
bull: 公牛(未阉割)
the Chicago Bulls: 芝加哥公牛队
a head of cattle: 一头牛
eighty head of cattle: 80头牛
cattle: 集合名词,前面不能加 a,词尾也不可
加s。常和many,these,those,the等连用。
用作主语时,句子的谓语动词多用复数。
1)Some cattle are drinking at the pool.
2)The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald
IsIe” and its many green counties is
a true feast for the eyes, with its
rolling green hills dotted with sheep
and cattle.
people, police等作主语, 动词也用复数。
The police/people are searching the
forest for the eight lost children.
49. roar v. n. 吼叫；咆哮
the roar of the waves 海浪的咆哮声
hear the roar of traffic 听到车辆的轰鸣声
roar
50.roar [r (r)]: v. / n. 吼叫;咆哮
1)Don’t roar at your parents.
2)A moment ago, we heard the roars of
lions in the forest.
50. ocean n. 大海;海洋
the Arctic Ocean 北冰洋
the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋
the Indian Ocean 印度洋
the Pacific Ocean 太平洋
51.ocean [ n ]: n. 大海;海洋
the Arctic/Atlantic/Indian/Pacific Ocean:
北冰洋/大西洋/印度洋/太平洋
1)And down by the sea, the roar of the
ocean waves and cries of the seabirds
make up the music of the coast.
2)They may go hiking around the island,
or swimming in the ocean.
拓展总结
summer scent 夏天的气息
sweet scent of fresh flowers 鲜花的芳香
51. scent n. 气味；气息
52.scent [sent]: n. 气味;气息
send -- sent -- sent : 派遣; 发送
smell: n. 气味; 臭味
v. 闻; 嗅; 闻起臭
1)The air is filled with the scent of wild
flowers.
2)The girl is wearing a scent like roses.
3)A police dog picked up the killer’s scent.
53.greet [ɡri t]: v. 问候;迎接
greeting : n. 招呼;迎接; 祝词
a greeting card: 贺卡
great [ɡre t]: 伟大的; 优秀的; 巨大的
1)On a quiet morning in the mountains,
feel the sun on your skin, and breathe
in the sweet scent of fresh flowers
while birds greet the new day with
their morning song.
2)She greeted all the guests warmly as
they arrived at her courtyard.
53. pub n. 酒吧；酒馆=bar
54. wine 果酒；葡萄酒
55. beer 啤酒
56. stew 炖菜
To have a chance of experiencing this,
stop by a village pub and relax with
a glass of wine or a local beer.
white wine
red wine
beer
55.wine [wa n]: n. 葡萄酒;果酒
a bottle of wine: 一瓶葡萄酒
The waiter offered him red wine with
his meal.
56.beer [b (r) ]: n. (一杯)啤酒
a beer = a glass of beer: 一瓶啤酒
1)He sat in the kitchen drinking beer.
2)She has drunk a beer/a glass of beer.
57.stew [stju ]: n. 炖菜(有肉和蔬菜)
v. 炖;煨
1)Better yet, enjoy a delicious traditional
Irish Beef Stew.
2)I will make a stew for lunch.
3)The meat needs to stew for about two
hours.
4)I decide to stew this piece of pork.
58.custom [ k st m ]: n. 风俗;习俗;习惯
customs: n. 海关; 关税
customer : n. 顾客;主顾
habit: n. 习惯(通常指个人的习惯)
practice: n. 习惯; 习俗; 练习; 实践
1)And if you introduce yourself to a friendly
face, you are more than likely to
experience local culture and customs
first-hand.
2)It is a traditional custom for Chinese old
people to live with their children and
their grandchildren.
59.sensory [ sens ri ]: adj. 感觉的;感官的
sense: n. 感官(即视觉、嗅觉、听觉、触觉、味觉)
the sense of sight/ smell/hearing/
touch/ taste:
视觉/嗅觉/听觉/触觉/味觉
sensory organs: 感觉器官
What words does the writer use to describe
sensory details
60.striking [ stra k ]: adj. 引人注目的;显著的
strike [stra k] : 罢工; 侵袭; 重创; 打; 碰撞;
打动; 敲钟; (钟)打点/报时
(strike -- struck --- struck/stricken)
1)A striking image. 引人注目的形象
2)There is a striking difference between
Tom and Peter.
61.transition [tr n z n]: n. 过渡;转变;变迁
We are now in a transition stage of the
reform.
crowd
62.crowd [kra d]: v.挤满;使拥挤
n. 人群;一群人;观众 ; 民众;群众
a crowd of/crowds of :一大群; 很多
crowd in (on sb):
(想法/问题等) 涌上心头;涌入
crowd into sth: 大批涌入...
crowded : adj. 拥挤的; 挤满的
be crowded with...: 挤满…
1)Dave could not find a seat in the room.
It was very crowded.
2)I want to get there early to avoid the
crowds.
3)A crowd of people are waiting in front
of the school gate.
4)Too many uncomfortable thoughts
were crowding in on her.
5)Millions of people have crowded into
the center of the capital.
6)In the spring the park is always
crowded with people every day.
Anglo-Saxon [ gl u's ksn]:
盎格鲁---撒克逊人
盎格鲁-撒克逊人通常是指公元五世纪初到1066年诺曼征服之间生活在大不列颠岛东部和南部地区的文化习俗上相近的一些民族，属于日耳曼民族的一支。
Viking [va k ]: n.维京人;北欧海盗
维京人, 别称北欧海盗, 老家是挪威、丹麦和瑞典，他们从公元8世纪到11世纪一直侵扰欧洲沿海和不列颠岛屿,开始只是打劫西欧沿海的修道院,后逐渐对其他欧洲国家进行有组织的入侵,足迹遍及从欧洲大陆至北极广阔疆域,欧洲这一个时期被称为“维京时期”(Viking Age)。
除了征战,维京人还是伟大的航海家,向西他们逐渐发现了冰岛和格陵兰岛,并最终到达北美。向东他们一度到达了里海。
The Normans: 诺曼人
诺曼人指定居在法国北部(或法兰克王国)的维京人及其后裔。诺曼人建立诺曼底公国,同时也远征意大利南部、西西里以及英格兰、威尔斯、苏格兰、爱尔兰,并向这些地区移民拓殖。
63. Wales [we lz]:威尔士(英国)
64. Scotland ['sk t l nd]:苏格兰(英国)
65. Northern Ireland [ n n'a l nd]:
北爱尔兰(英国)
66. Anglo-Saxon [ gl u's ksn]:
盎格鲁---撒克逊人
67. Viking [va k ]: n.维京人;北欧海盗
68. Norman ['n m n]: adj.诺曼式的;诺曼人的
the Normans: 诺曼人
Battle of Hastings['he st z]:
黑斯廷斯战役
黑斯廷斯战役是1066年10月14日,英格兰国王哈罗德·葛温森(Harold II)的盎格鲁--撒克逊军队和诺曼底公爵威廉一世(William of Normandy)的军队在黑斯廷斯(英国东萨塞克斯郡濒临加来海峡的城市)地域进行的一场交战,以征服者威廉获胜告终。
此战也被认为是欧洲中世纪盛期开始的标志。
句
型
积
累
动名词短语做主语，谓语动词常用
单数
Imitation：
①眼见为实。
_________ is believing.
②在阳光下看书对我们的眼睛有害。
_____________________ is bad for our eyes.
③学习哲学将为我们的生活打开另一扇窗。
_______________________ another window to our lives.
Seeing
Reading in the sun
Studying philosophy will open
1. Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.
表使役的动词：have, make, get等。
have /get/make + n. /pron. + p.p “使某事被做”
1. Speak a little louder to make yourself ________ by us all. (hear)
2. We should work harder to get the work ___________(recognize).
3. They are going to ______________________ (种些树)
Attention: have ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中具有以下含义：
1. 主语“请别人做某事”
He wants to have his eyes examined tomorrow.
（“检查”的动作由医生来进行）
2. “遭受某一不愉快、不测的事情”
Be careful, or you'll have your purse stolen.
heard
recognized
have some trees planted
2.They had castles built all around England, and made changes to the legal system.
with 复合结构
（1）with +n/pron+v-ing: 表示主动或正在进行的动作。
With summer coming near, it's time to buy cool clothes.
（2）with +n/pron+v.-ed: 表示被动或已经完成的动作。
① All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.
（3）with +n/pron+ to do: 表示将要发生的动作。
I can't go out with all these dishes to wash.
3.The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.
(5). with + n./pron+ + adj 这里的形容词常表示状态。
(6). with + n./pron+ adv. 副词常表示情况或状态。
①With John away, we've got more room.
②One family lived in a house with tall trees all round.
He was shocked with his eyes wide open.
（4）with +n/pron+ prep . phrase 表示状态或说明情况。
①His wife came down the stairs, with her 2-year-old son in her arm.
②The boy is smiling with a book and a pencil in his hand.
___________________________, he had to come to school with the help of his classmates.
With his leg broken
The boy is smiling _______________________________________.
看图说话
with a book and a pencil in his hand
The baby fell asleep __________________.
with the light burning/on
The man is sleeping ___________________________
with the window open.
话题微写作---Learn about a country through its history
（1）许多人都很困惑以下几个名称的意义，联合王国，大不列颠，不列颠和英格兰，为了解决这个困惑，了解一点英国的历史很有帮助。(be puzzled about; solve the puzzle; 动名词作主语)
（2）16世纪，领国威尔士并入英格兰王国；紧接着18世纪也加入进来。（be joined to; followed by）
（3）20世纪爱尔兰南部脱离了联合王国，形成了今天的英国全称。(break away from )
（4）同属于联合王国的这四个国家在某些领域紧密合作，比如说同样的国旗和军事防御。(as well as, military defense)
（5）不管如何，被美丽的风景吸引以及随着对英国的更多了解，我迫不及待地想亲自参观一下。(strike, with结构)
Many people are puzzled about the meanings of the names : the United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain and England, to solve this puzzle, knowing a little bit about British history will help.
In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England, followed by Scotland in 18th century.
In the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, resulting in the full name we have today.
The four countries belonging to the United Kingdom work together in some areas, such as using the same flag as well as sharing the same military defense.
Anyhow, struck by the picturesque local scenery and with more knowledge of the UK, I can't wait to visit it in person.
Van Gogh
星月夜
向日葵
69. Battle of Hastings['he st z]:
黑斯廷斯战役
70. Roman ['r um n]: adj.古罗马的;罗马的
n.古罗马人;罗马市民
71. Van Gogh [v n'g f]: 梵高(荷兰画家)
72. the Emerald Isle ['em r ld a l]:
绿宝石岛(爱尔兰的别称)
73. Irish ['a r ]:
adj.爱尔兰的;爱尔兰人(或语)的
She sobbed, hiding her face in her hands.
Nancy gave me a big wink as I came in.
He was peeping at her through his fingers.
她掩面哭泣。
当我进来时，南希向我使眼色。
他从指缝里偷看她
Word revision
n. 孔子
n. 公馆;宅第
n. 基地;公基
philosophy n.
descendant n.
adj. 单独的;个别的n.个人
n. 足跟;(脚、抹子等的)后跟
Achilles’ heel
n. 王国;领域
adj. 最重要的;最高级别的n首领
n. 智力游戏;疑问w.迷惑;使困惑
adj. 附近的;邻近的adv.在附近
把……和……连接或联结起来
Confucius
Mansion
Cemetery
n. 哲学
n. 后裔；后代
individual
heel
知名的弱点
kingdom
Chief
Puzzle
nearby
join…to…
脱离;背叛;逃脱
vi. 应在(某处);适应
属于
同(一样也);和;还
n. 通货;货币
adj. 军事的;军用的
n. 防御;保卫
adj 法律的;合法的
vt. 围绕;包围
n. 证据;证明
n. 成就;成绩;达到
n. 地方;地点;位置
vt. 占领;征服;控制
break away (from sb/sth)
belong
belong to
as well as
currency
military
defence
legal
surround
evidence
achievement
location
conquer
n. 战役;搏斗vi.＆vt.搏斗;奋斗
n. 港口(城市
adj. 极有吸引力的;述人的
留心;留意
n. 收费;指控;主管vt.收费;控告;充电
vt. 宣布;通知;声称
nm. 金额;数量
n (艺术作品的)展览馆;画廊
n. 方法;途径;接近vt.接近;接洽
vt. 保证;确保;担保
n. (陆上，尤指乡村的)风景
adi 慷慨的;大方的;丰富的
n. 黄油;奶油.涂黄油于
battle
port
fascinating
keep your eyes open for
charge
announce
amount
gallery
approach
ensure
landscape
generous
butter
n. 蜂蜜
n. 祖宗;祖先
n. 位置;姿态;职位
n. 庭院;院子
n. 点心;小吃
adj. 热切的;渴望的
n. 诗人
n. (英国、爱尔兰的)郡;(美国的)县
n. 盛宴;宴会;节日
vi. vt.(使)翻滚;(使)滚动n.卷(轴);翻滚
n. 点;小(圆)点Wi.加点;遍布
n. 牛
vi. 是n.吼叫;咆哮
honey
ancestor
position
courtyard
snack
eager
poet
county
feast
roll
dot
cattle
roar
n. 大海;海洋
scent n.
vi. 问候:迎接
n. 酒吧;酒馆
n. 葡萄酒;果酒
n. (一杯啤酒
stew n.
n. 风俗;习俗;习惯
sensory adi.
adj. 引人注目的;显著的
transition n.
n. 人群;民众vt.挤满
Wales
ocean
气味;气息
greet
pub
wine
beer
炖菜;炖;煨
custom
感觉的;感官的
striking
过渡;转变;变迁
crowd
威尔士(英国)
Phrases
导致混乱
lead to confusion
做一个…的研究项目
do a research project on
家谱
family tree
与…相
be similar to
允许某人做某事
allow sb to do sth
致命的弱点
Achilles’ heel
同某人开玩笑
pull one’s leg
;;
因环境不熟悉而感到不舒服或尴尬的人
fish out of water
被用于做某事
be used for
根据,按照,取决于, 据…所说
according to
对…感到迷惑
be confused by
如果有什么的话(如果那样)
if any(if so)
一点儿
a little bit
解决难题
solve a puzzle
解决难题
把…和…连接或联结起来
在18世纪
脱离;背叛;逃脱
导致
把…称为…
属于
同(一样也);和;还
军事防御
例如
教育/法律体系
被…包围
接管,掌管
solve a puzzle
join…to…
in the 18th century
break away from sb./sth
result in
refer to…as…
belong to
as well as
military defence
for example
education /legal systems
be surrounded by
take over
在不同历史时期
留下
使得某事/物被(他人)做
对….做出改变
成为…的一部分,影响, 进入
追溯到
一直
全英国
留心;留意
挑选出,分类
还有/剩下
在…入口处
眼睛盯着…
at different times throughout history
leave behind
have sth. done
make changes to
enter into
date back to
all the way
all over the UK
keep your eyes open for
sort out
There be sth left
at the entrance of
have one’s eyes fixed on
一份,一本
注意,照料
看守,监视,照管
渴望做某事
对…有极大的影响
有悠久的…历史。
一个真正的视觉盛宴
点缀着…
组成,弥补,化妆
在一个安静的早晨
吸入 (呼出)
用…向某人打招呼/问候某人。
有做某事的机会
a copy of
attend to
watch over
be eager to do sth.
have a great influence on
have a long history of
a true feast for the eyes
be dotted with
make up
on a quiet morning
breathe in(out)
greet sb.with…
have a chance of doing sth.
过去坐坐,顺便造访
更好的是
更有可能做某事
背景知识,背景资料。
对…做一些研究
成为废墟
发生,举行
stop by
better yet
be more likely to do sth
background information
do some research on
be left in ruins
take place
tThank you!