专题12 宾语从句---备考2023中考英语二轮高频考点剖析学案 课件(共38张PPT)

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宾 语 从 句
用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句（object clause）。引导宾语从句的连词有that, whether, if;连接代词有who, whom, whose, which, what；连接副词有when, where, why, how 等。
宾 语 从 句
I like apples .
主语
谓语
宾语
简单句
主语
谓语
宾 语 从 句
连词
从句主语
从句谓语
主 句
复合句
2. I know who you are .
PART 1. 什么是宾语从句？
I love my mother.（名词作宾语)
I enjoy playing volleyball.(动名词作宾语）
I decide to study hard.（不定式作宾语）
I know him .（代词作宾语）
宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。
宾语由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。
宾语
概念：句子的宾语一般由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式充当。
当一 个句子充当宾语时,就把这个句子叫做宾语从句。宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语。
宾语从句的句子结构：
主句+连接词（引导词）+宾语从句
PART 2.宾语从句三要素
01 连接词
02 语序
03 时态
宾语从句的引导词分为三类：
that引导宾语从句无实义，在宾语从句中不担任何成分，且在口语或非正式文体中常常省略
典例 1
I think （that）I sat in the same way for too long without moving.
我觉得是我一动不动同一个姿势坐得太久了。
典例 2
She knows（that） it's not good for her, but it tastes good!
她知道这对她（健康）不利，但它（指冰淇淋）却很好吃。
连接词
连接词
典例 2
Bill wonders whether they'll have zongzi again next year.
比尔想知道他们明年能否吃上粽子。
典例 1
I don't know if I should say anying to them about this.
我不知道我是否就这件事对他们说点什么。
if/whether 连接的宾语从句常放在see，know, wonder，find out 等动词/短语后面 表示“是否”
what, which, who, whose,where,when,why, how等引导的宾语从句常放在see, say, tell, know, wonder 等动词/词组后面。
连接词
典例 1
I know how you feel. 我知道你是感受是怎样的。
典例 2
... most people remrember what they were doing when the World Trade Center in New York was taken down by terrorists.
绝大多数美国人都记得纽约世贸中心被恐怖分子摧毁时他们在做什么。
考点早知道
1.—The light in Bill's office is still on. I wonder _____.
—Maybe at midnight again.
A. if will he stop working
B. why he works so hard
C. how long will he work
D. when he will stop working
2.— Do you know____ Ann goes to work every day
—Usually by underground.
A. why B. how C. when D. whether
STAGE 2 语序
宾语从句用陈述语序。
典例 1
I think she sang more clearly than Nelly.
我认为她比内莉唱的清晰。
典例 2
I wonder if it‘s similar to the Water Festival of the Dai people in Yunnan Province.
我想知道它是否和云南省傣族的泼水节相似。
典例 3
Which art form do you think is the most interesting？
你认为那种艺术形式最有趣？
3.— Li Ming, do you know ____
— Yes. He comes from Canada.
A. where does our new English teacher come from
B. where our new English teacher comes from
C. where did our new English teacher come from
4. — I'd like to know_____ for the party.
— I have no idea.
A. why did she buy so little food
B. what she has prepared
C. whether will she dance
D. when is she leaving
考点早知道
特殊情况：
特殊疑问句what,who,which转换为宾语从句时，如果疑问词在原句子中做主语，不用变语序.
Could you tell me what’s the matter with her
如: Could you tell me, Who can help me？
→ Could you tell me who can help me
判断下列宾语从句的语序是否正确。
1. I think that Jim will come to China next month.
2. I wonder if he was at school yesterday.
3. Can you tell me where does Harry work
4. Do you know who can answer the question
5. Please tell us where is the hospital
如果主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句，宾语从句根据实际情况使用相应时态。
STAGE 3 时态
1. Cathy Taylor thinks that it's important for kids to join after-school activities
2. Please tell me how you go to school.
3. I hear John will leave for Beijing.
4. He says that he has ever been to Hangzhou.
主现从随意
时态
1. The news on TV reported that a heavy rainstorm was in the area.
2. I wondered whether she would come bac
home or not.
3. He knew what his mother was doing at nine o'clock yesterday morning.
如果主句是一般过去时态，宾语从句应使用过去相应的某种时态。
主过从也过
Attention
如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实、真理、自然现象时，不管主句使用什么时态，从句都使用一般现在时。
时态
1. Miss Zhu said that the earth goes around the sun.
2. Our teacher told us the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
3. The student explains that light travels faster than sound.
宾客一般现
考点早知道
5. Mr. Jackson hasn't decided ____ this weekend.
A. where he will have a picnic. B. where will he have a picnic
C where he had a picnic D. where did he have a picnic
6.—Judy, would you tell me_____ the schoolbag
—Oh, yes. I bought it in a store on the Internet.
A. where did you buy B. where will you buy
C. where you bought D. where you will buy
宾语从句三要素
that
连接词 if/whether
who; whom; whose; which; what; when; where; why; how
主句为现在的时态，从句可以是任何时态
时态 主句为过去的时态，从句使用过去的某种时态
客观真理，自然现象等不变
语序 陈述语序
Summary
Attention
突破了三关是不是顿时轻松呢？但千万不能掉以轻心，还有几点需要提醒：
有些词是长着“两幅面孔”
的，要注意区分清楚：
1. I won't come if it snows tomorrow.
2. I don't know if it will snow tomorrow.
1.—He wonders when his sister will be able to come back from America.
— Maybe next Friday.
2. What was he doing when I came in
条件状语从句
宾语从句
时间状语从句
如果
是否
何时
当......时
宾语从句
考点拓展一
1. He asks me if/whether Lily will be back in three days.（可以互换）
2. I wasn‘t sure if/whether you’d like it.（可以互换）
下列情况只能用whether,不能使用if
3. He doesn't know whether or not he can come.
4. Please tell me whether to go or stay here.
5. We worried about whether he was in good health.
6. Whether it is true or not, I can't tell.
在whether...or not的固定搭配中
在介词后
宾语从句放在句首表强调时
if OR whether
在动词不定式之前
考点拓展二
1.我认为她不会说日语。
I think she can't speak Japanese.
I don't think she can speak Japanese.
2.我相信他们还没有完成工作。
I believe they haven't finished their work yet.
I don't believe they have finished their work yet.
当主句的主语是第一人称I或we，且谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, expect等时，宾语从句的否定式常转移到主句上，即“否定前移”
Translation
考点拓展三
在由could, would引导的主句中, 从句一般要用现在时。因为could, would经常表示礼貌或 婉转的语气, 而不是过去时。
Could you please tell me where the bank is
Would you please tell me how far it is from here to the hospital
考点拓展四
宾语从句与简单句的转换
考点拓展五
当宾语从句由when,where,who,which,what,why,whose等特殊疑问词引导，并且前后两个分句的逻辑主语相同时，可以转化为“特殊疑问词+动词不定时”形式，从而由一个复合句变成了一个简单句。
competition
begins
1. -- I don’t know if he _____ to
Kate’s birthday party.
-- He’s sure to go if he ______.
A. goes, knows
B. will go, knows
C. goes, will know
D. go, know
B
是否
假如
2. He is not sure _______ to watch TV or go to bed.
A. if B. whether
C. that D. /
3. I don’t know _______ he will come or not.
A. if B. whether
C. that D. /
B
B
别忘了只能用whether 的二种情况。
4. Mike_________ bullying others _______.
thinks, isn’t right
think, isn’t right
don’t think, is right.
doesn’t think, is right
若从句为否定句，主句谓语是 think ,believe , guess ,suppose 等词时,要否定前移
D
5.She asked the doctor _____ keep healthy.
A. how to B. how could she
C. how she could D. how can she
C
宾语从句与特殊疑问词+不定式可互换。
She
She
别忘了主句与从句中主语一致。
A
改错：
1.Miss Zhang asked me why was I late for school.
__________________________________________
Miss Zhang asked me why I was late for school.
2.Father told me the sun always rose in the east.
__________________________________________
Father told me the sun always rises in the east.
3.He doesn’t know that when she can come back.
__________________________________________
He doesn’t know when she can come back.
( )6. —I wonder at 8:00 last night
—I was watching NBA.
A. what were you doing B. what did you do
C. what you were doing D. what are you doing
( )7. I don’t remember the book yesterday.
A. where I put B. where did I put
C. where will I put D. where I will put
C
A
( ) 8. Can you tell me
A. how much is the red sweater
B. how much the red sweater is
C. what’s the price of the red sweater
D. how many the red sweater is
B
9. I wonder ___ you would like to come to my birthday party.
A. that B. whether
C. that if D. that whether
10．I want to know _______ ．
A．whom is she looking after
B．whom she is looking
C．whom is she looking
D．whom she is looking after
B
D
11．Do you know what time ____ ？
A．the train leave
B．does the train leave
C．will the train leave
D．the train leaves
12．I can‘t understand _____ ．
A．what does Christmas mean
B．what Christmas does mean
C．what mean Christmas does
D．what Christmas means
D
D
13. He said ___ she would leave the message on the headmaster's desk.
A. that B. where
C. which D. what
14．I don't know ___ ．Can you tell
me，please？
A．how the two players are old
B．how old are the two players
C．the two players are how old
D．how old the two players are
A
D
( ) 15. —Excuse me, could you tell
—Yes. Go along this street and you will find it on your left.
A. where is the museum
B. which is the way to the museum
C. how far is the museum
D. how can I get to the museum
B
Thanks for