备战2023年中考英语二轮英语语法专题复习-专题二 代词（含解析）

专题二　代词
五年中考
考点1　人称代词、物主代词和反身代词
Ⅰ.单项选择
　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　
1.(2022天津,22)—Whose camera is this Is it 　　　
—No, it's not mine. It's 　　　.
A.you; him　　　　B.yours; him
C.yours; his　　　　D.you; his
答案　C　考查代词辨析。第一空表示“你的”,第二空表示“他的”。两空后都无名词,应用名词性物主代词yours和his,故选C。
2.(2022北京,1)My sister is only six, but 　　　can already help with some housework.
A.he　　　　B.she　　　　C.it　　　　D.they
答案　B　考查人称代词。此空指代My sister, 是第三人称单数、女性,且作后一个分句的主语,应用she,故选B。
3.(2022福建,23) As the art festival is coming, they are preparing everything by 　　　　.
A.yourselves
B.ourselves
C.themselves
答案　C　考查反身代词。主句主语为they,相应的反身代词为themselves,故选C。
4.(2022广西北部湾经济区,32)The three heroes returned to the earth from space. We are proud of 　　　.
A.me　　　　B.him　　　　C.them
答案　C　考查代词。根据上一句中的The three heroes可知,此处应用them指代这三位英雄,故选C。
5.(2022海南,28)To keep 　　　safe, you'd better not go out alone at night.
A.myself
B.herself
C.yourself
答案　C　考查反身代词。根据“you'd”可知主语是you,此处是指保证你自己安全,反身代词应用yourself,故选C。
6.(2022河北,31)Where is your brother I want to give 　　　　a book.
A.me　　　　B.you
C.him　　　　D.her
答案　C　考查代词。分析语境可知,设空处指代的是前句的“your brother”,是男性,此处用宾格,故答案为C。
7.(2022四川成都,31)—Where did you get this sky lantern
—I made it by 　　　.
A.herself　　　　B.itself　　　　C.myself
答案　C　考查反身代词。分析句子和选项可知,句子主语和介词by后的宾语指代同一个人,所以设空处应用I的反身代词形式,即myself。by oneself为固定短语,意为“独自”。故选C。
8.(2022重庆A卷,22)We must clean up　　　classroom before going home.
A.we　　　　B.us　　　　C.our　　　　D.ours
答案　C　考查形容词性物主代词。空后为名词classroom,需要形容词性物主代词来修饰, 故选C。
9.(2021河北,32)This isn't my dictionary. 　　　is over there, on the desk.
A.His　　　　B.Mine
C.Hers　　　　D.Yours
答案　B　本题考查物主代词。根据语境可知,设空处指的是“我的词典”,故答案为B。
10.(2021江苏连云港,3)Miss Li, a humorous teacher, taught 　　　maths last term.
A.us　　　　B.our
C.ours　　　　D.ourselves
答案　A　本题考查人称代词的用法。“teach sb.+科目”是固定的表达,意为“教某人……科目”。动词teach后接名词或代词作宾语,所以此空格填“我们”的宾格形式us。故选A。
知识拓展:teach的用法还有teach sb. to do sth.教某人做某事;teach oneself自学。
11.(2020河北,32)Nancy, carrots are good for 　　　eyes. Eat some, please.
A.my　　　　B.your　　　　C.her　　　　D.his
答案　B　题干第二句“Eat some, please.”为祈使句,其隐含的主语为you,由此可知设空处应该用形容词性物主代词your。
12.(2021天津,22)Mike's aunt is 　　　English teacher. We all like 　　　.
A.our;she　　　　B.our;her　　　　
C.we;she　　　　D.we;her
答案　B　第一个空修饰名词,故用形容词性物主代词(我们的);第二个空在动词like后面,所以用宾格,故选B。
审题技巧:人称代词和物主代词的考题,在审题时要结合其所作成分:主语位置用主格,动词和介词后用宾格,名词前用形容词性物主代词作定语,名词性物主代词可作主语、宾语、表语。
Ⅱ.单句填空
1.(2022浙江杭州,68)Doing chores helps to develop children's independence and teaches them how to look after t　　　　　　.
答案　themselves　考查代词。look after oneself照顾自己。此处与them指代的人一致,故填themselves。
2.(2022广西北部湾经济区,84)The baby girl learned how to dress 　　　　(her) at the age of 3.
答案　herself　dress oneself表示给自己穿衣服。
3.(2022新疆,73)His hometown is famous for tea, and 　　　　(我的) is famous for pears and grapes.
答案　mine　空后无名词,应用名词性物主代词mine。
4.(2021新疆,72)I couldn't find my computer, so my sister asked me to
use 　(她的).
答案　hers　本题考查名词性物主代词。句意:我找不到我的电脑,所以我姐姐让我用她的。此处用hers代替her computer。
5.(2021江苏扬州,52)I promised Li Ming I would keep the secret to　　　　　　(我自己).
答案　myself　keep a secret to oneself意为“保守秘密”。故答案为myself。
考点2　不定代词
　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　
1.(2022安徽,22)—I have 　　　but praise for the police because they often help people out of trouble.
—Yes, they're well worth praising.
A.everything　　　　B.nothing
C.anything　　　　 D.something
答案　B　根据“because they often help people out of trouble”和 “Yes, they're well worth praising.”可知,我对警察只有赞扬。此处“nothing but” 意为“只有”,是习惯用语,故选B。
2.(2022湖北武汉,34)—To go abroad or not to go after graduation, it's a question.
—You may take 　　　of the roads. But being home in the end matters.
A.neither　　　　B.either　　　　C.both　　　　D.none
答案　B　根据下文的“But being home in the end matters.”可知,此处表示走哪条路都可以,上文给出两种选择,此处应用either表示“两者中的任何一个”。neither两者都不;both两者都;none没有一个。故选B。
3.(2022云南,32)I advise you not to show 　　　on WeChat because it may cause trouble.
A.anything personal
B.personal anything
C.something personal
D.personal something
答案　A　形容词修饰复合不定代词时应放在它的后面;空前有否定词not,因此应用anything。故选A。
4.(2022新疆,27)—You never give up in difficult situations.
—I believe 　　　is impossible to a hopeful heart.
A.nothing　　　　B.anything
C.everything　　　　D.something
答案　A　根据前文never give up in difficult situations可知此人意志坚定,相信对心怀希望的人来说没有什么是不可能的。故选 A。
5.(2022内蒙古包头,32)Some animals move from one place to 　　　at certain times of the year.
A.another　　　　B.other
C.the other　　　　D.others
答案　A　一些动物在一年中的某些时候会从一个地方迁徙到另外一个地方。one...another一个……(三者或者三者以上的)另一个。故选A。
6.(2022江苏无锡,4)—Coffee or tea, Frank
—Coffee, please. To get relaxed, 　　　is better than a cup of coffee.
A.nothing　　　　B.anything
C.something　　　　D.everything
答案　A　nothing is better than a cup of coffee表示没有什么比一杯咖啡更好的了。故选A。
7.(2022江苏连云港,5)There isn't 　　　in the classroom. All the students are having a PE lesson in the playground.
A.somebody　　　　B.anybody
C.nobody　　　　D.everybody
答案　B　根据“所有学生都在操场上体育课”可知教室里没人。否定句中用anybody,故选B。
8.(2021湖北武汉,33)—There are mainly six kinds of tea in China. Which is your favorite
—Green tea, I guess. I've tried black tea, green tea and so on, and 　　　of them have their special tastes.
A.all　　　　B.both
C.none　　　　D.neither
答案　A　all三者或三者以上都;both两者都;none三者或三者以上都不;neither两者都不。根据语境可知此处表示肯定,故排除C、D。根据空前的black tea, green tea and so on可知,此处所述的各自有特殊的味道的茶至少有三种,故选A。
9.(2021内蒙古包头,32)—When shall I come to your home, in the morning or afternoon
—　　　. I'll be in all day.
A.Either　　　　B.Neither
C.None　　　　D.Another
答案　A　either(两者中)任何一个;neither(两者)都不;none (三者或三者以上)没有一个;another(三者或三者以上中的)另一个。由“I'll be in all day.”可知,拜访者上午或下午到访都可以。故答案为A。
10.(2019安徽,33)Could you stay a little longer I have 　　　more to tell you about the plan for tomorrow.
A.something　　　　B.everything
C.anything　　　　D.nothing
答案　A　句意:你能多待一会儿吗 关于明天的计划我有更多的事情要告诉你。A选项意思为“某事”;B选项意思为“每件事;一切”;C选项意思为“任何事”;D选项意思为“没有事”。请求对方多待一会儿是为了告诉对方更多的事情,故选A。
三年模拟
A组　基础练
Ⅰ.单项选择
　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　
1.(2022重庆南开中学模拟)Alice's father encouraged 　　　to face the difficulties bravely.
A.she　　　　B.her　　
C.hers　　　　D.herself
答案　B　 encourage sb. to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”,空格处作宾语,应用宾格。故选 B。
2.(2020云南昆明一模)—Excuse me, but is that my pencil box
—Oh, sorry. I took 　　　by mistake.
A.mine　　　　B.yours
C.hers　　　　D.his
答案　B　根据上文“but is that my pencil box”以及回答可知,回答者错拿了对方的铅笔盒,需要用名词性物主代词yours(=your pencil box)。故选B。
3.(2022湖北荆州一模)—Which half should I take
—You can take　　　. They are exactly the same.
A.both　　　　B.either
C.neither　　　　D.all
答案　B　由half可知是两半,结合空后的exactly the same可知,两半一样,选哪一半都可以,故选B。
4.(2022四川成都二诊)Peter, I'm afraid 　　　of my cousins will go to your party on May Day. They will spend time with their parents outside.
A.neither　　　　B.either 　　　　C.both
答案　A　由I'm afraid和 They will spend time with their parents outside.可知,两个人都不能来,故选 A。
5.(2022广西河池一模)—Susan, is the book on the desk yours
—No, it isn't 　　　book. It must be Tom's.
A.my　　　　B.mine
C.your　　　　D.yours
答案　A　根据空后的“book”可知,需要用形容词性物主代词,且表示“不是我的书”,故选A。my book=mine。
6.(2021江苏扬州)—Which colour do you like, red or blue
—　　　. I like green.
A.Either　　　　B.Both
C.Neither　　　　D.None
答案　C　either(两者中)任何一个;both(两者)都;neither(两者)都不;none(三者及以上)没有一个。由“I like green.”可知,回答者对红色和蓝色都不喜欢。故答案为C。
7.(2022广西南宁一模) —Who teaches 　　　math
—Mr. Wang.
A.your　　　　B.you　　　　C.yours
答案　B　根据“teaches”可知,动词后面需用人称代词宾格,teach sb.+学科“教某人某一科”,故选B。
8.(2022天津南开区一模)This is a public park. There are 　　　old people in 　　　.
A.some;it　　　　B.any;it
C.some;them　　　　D.any;them
答案　A　some一些,常用于肯定句;any一些,用于否定句和疑问句。空格所在句子为肯定句,因此第一空用some,排除B、D。it它;them它们。第二空指代上文的“a public park”,因此用it指代,故选A。
9.(2022山东青岛一模)—Are those books 　　　
—No, they are not mine. They belong to 　　　.
A.yours;her　　　　B.yours;hers
C.your;hers　　　　D.yours;she
答案　A　空后无名词,需用名词性物主代词,to是介词,后跟人称代词宾格。故选A。
10.(2021四川成都模拟)—Lots of people like to send voice messages to each other on WeChat.
—That's true. I've just received 　　　from my friend.
A.it　　　　B.that　　　　C.one
答案　C　it指代前面提到过的事物本身(同类同物);that和one都指代前面提到的名词(同类不同物),但that表特指,one表泛指。此处泛指“一条语音信息”,故用one。
Ⅱ.单句填空
1.(2022浙江杭州一模)Jenny wants me to meet an old friend of h　　　　.
答案　hers　此处指“她的一个老朋友”,应用双重所有格“a friend of+名词性物主代词”表示。故填hers。
2.(2022广西来宾一模)The girl hurt 　　　　　　(she) when she was riding a bike.
答案　herself　 hurt oneself “伤到某人自己”,此处需用she对应的反身代词herself “她自己”。
3.(2022河北石家庄一模)With 　　　　　　(she) help, we have made great progress over the past six months.
答案　her　此处修饰名词help,应用形容词性物主代词,故填her。with one's help在某人的帮助下。
4.(2021浙江台州)After that, we 　　　(两个都)went back to reading and enjoying the beauty outside.
答案　both　both两者都。both作we的同位语。
5.(2022江苏泰州模拟)My favourite athlete Gu Ailing is really inspiring(鼓舞人心的). We can learn a lot from 　　　　(she).
答案　her　 根据空格前的介词from可知,此处填she的宾格形式。故填her。
B组　提升练
Ⅰ.单项选择
　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　
1.(2022云南昆明联考) Jason tried many ways to repair the camera, but 　　　of them worked.
A.all　　　　B.both
C.none　　　D.neither
答案　C　all三者或三者以上都;both两者都;none三者及三者以上都不;neither两者都不。根据“many ways”以及“but”可知,此处应用none,表示“这些方法都不起作用”。故选C。
2.(2022广西河池一模)Her husband died years ago and her children were working in other cities, so 　　　lived with her.
A.somebody 　　　　B.anybody
C.everybody　　　　 D.nobody
答案　D　空前的so表因果关系。她的丈夫多年前去世了,而且孩子们也都在其他城市工作,所以没人跟她住在一起。故选D。
3.(2022天津河北区一模)Cooking is important in daily life, and 　　　should learn to cook some simple dishes.
A.everyone　　　　B.anyone
C.somebody　　　　D.nobody
答案　A　根据上文中的Cooking is important(做饭很重要)可知,此处是说“每个人”都应该学会做简单的菜。故选A。
4.(2022天津红桥区一模)My mother bought a Shuey Rhon Rhon (雪容融) for 　　　. She hopes I like 　　　.
A.me;one　　　　B.me;it
C.my;this 　　　　D.mine;that
答案　B　buy sth. for sb.“给某人买某物”,for是介词,后用人称代词宾格,因此第一空填me。one同名不同物;it同名同物;this这个;that那个。第二空指代前句中的“雪容融”,属于同名同物,用it。故选B。
5.(2022新疆乌鲁木齐一模)The light went out suddenly. It was very dark and 　　　could be seen clearly.
A.anything　　　　B.something
C.nothing　　　　D.everything
答案　C　根据前面一句“灯突然灭了”,结合It was very dark 可知,什么也看不见,故选C。go out 熄灭。
6.(2022湖北黄冈、孝感、咸宁联考)I knocked at the door but 　　　answered. Maybe they went to the concert.
A.nobody　　　　B.somebody
C.everybody　　　　D.anybody
答案　A　根据but 及 Maybe they went to the concert.可知,家里没人,没人应门,故选A。
7.(2021江苏南京中考)Amy hid under 　　　desk in a hurry when the earthquake happened.
A.she　　　　B.her
C.hers　　　　D.herself
答案　B　she她(作主语);her她的(形容词性物主代词)/她(作宾语);hers她的(名词性物主代词);herself她自己(反身代词)。根据语境可知,此空填her修饰名词desk。故选B。
8.(2021四川成都模拟)As a child, I would sit for hours by the river doing 　　　, simply daydreaming.
A.nothing　　　　B.everything
C.something
答案　A　句意:小时候,我会在河边坐上几个小时,什么也不做,只是做白日梦。考查不定代词。nothing没有什么;everything每件事物,所有事物;something某事,某物。根据simply daydreaming“只是做白日梦”可知,此处表示“什么也不做”,故选A。
9.(2021天津河北区模拟)The students are busy preparing for 　　　final exam. We can always see 　　　study in the library.
A.them;theirs　　　　B.they;their
C.theirs;they　　　　D.their;them
答案　D　句意:学生们正忙着准备期末考试。我们总能看到他们在图书馆学习。考查代词。第一空在名词短语final exam前面,应用形容词性物主代词,因此填their;根据see sb. do sth.结构可知,动词后面应用人称代词的宾格形式,因此第二空填them。故答案为D。
10.(2020云南昆明一模)—It's raining. I left my umbrella at home.
—Don't worry. I have one. You can share it with 　　　.
A.I　　　　B.you
C.me　　　　D.your
答案　C　句意:——下雨了。我把伞落在家里了。——别担心。我有一把。你可以和我一起用。考查人称代词。根据句意可知是和我一起用,并且要用代词宾格。故选C。
Ⅱ.单句填空
1.(2022湖南长沙模拟)China has 20 percent of the world's population but only 7 percent of 　　　　　　(it) fresh water.
答案　its　fresh water是名词短语,前面用it的形容词性物主代词its来修饰。故填its。
2.(2022湖北荆州一模)So I was able to visit my friends who lived across the street. I also learned how to hide 　　　　　　(I) from soldiers and avoid problems.
答案　myself　根据关键词I及主语可知,主语既是动作发出者也是承受者, 故填反身代词myself。
3.(2022云南昆明一模)At first, I thought that it might be a dog, but I could not see a dog or 　　　　　　(something) else, either.
答案　anything　由“could not”与“either”可知,此分句为否定句,something应该改为anything。故填anything。
4.(2021四川南充)These two sweaters are so expensive that I can afford n　　　　　　 of them.
答案　neither　由上文so expensive可知,设空处要填否定词。由于是两件毛衣,所以应填neither,表示“两者都不”。