Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.Section A ( Grammar Focus -4c)课件

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人教八下英语同步精品课件
人教版八年级下册
人教版八下英语同步备课
老师：XXX
班级：XXX
I’ll help to clean up the city parks.
Unit 2
Section A Grammar focus-4c
语言知识:
掌握本课时重点词汇和句型：raise, midnight, alone,put up, be busy with, be worried about...等
学习能力:
1.动词不定式的用法和功能；
2.短语动词。
文化意识:
培养学生热爱公益事业，乐于助人的优良品质。
思维品质:
通过志愿者行动计划，更好的理解志愿者工作。
1
Review
2
Grammar Focus
3
Presentation
4
Practice
5
Summary
6
Homework
Review
01
visit the sick kids in the hospital to cheer them up
Free talk
If we are volunteers, we could ...
help to clean up the street
help children with their homework
help the old people ...
......
Grammar Focus
02
Please underline the infinitive structures.
I’d like to help homeless people. She decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.
You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids and cheer them up. Mario believes it can help him to get his future dream job.
She volunteers there once a week to help kids learn to read. I’m making some signs to put up around the school.
I’d like to do
ask sb. to do
volunteer…to do
learn to do
decide to do
help sb. to do
make…to do
let sb. do
help sb. do
Grammar Focus
“to+动词原形”，
有时to可省略。
I’d like to help homeless people.
She decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.
You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids and cheer them up.
Mario believes it can help him to get his future dream job.
She volunteers there once a week to help kids learn to read.
I’m making some signs to put up around the school.
动词不定式结构
作宾语：主语+谓语V. + to do
作宾补：主语+谓语V.+sb.+ to
作目的状语
Grammar Focus
动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能直接作谓语。
动词不定式（infinitive）
定义
构成
动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”，常写作to do(有时to可以省略)。
Grammar Focus
用法
动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等。
Grammar Focus
动词不定式（infinitive）
状语
宾语
宾语补足语
主语
表语
定语
1.作主语
用法
To travel around the world is his dream.
To learn English is important and useful.
一般位于句首，谓语动词用单数形式。
为了避免句子“头重脚轻”，往往用it代替不定式作形式主语，而将不定式放在后面作真正的主语。
=It is his dream to travel around the world.
=It important and useful to learn English.
Grammar Focus
用法
We decide to plant trees this weekend.
I want to be a volunteer.
2.作宾语
Lily wants to find a job as an English teacher in Beijing.
Grammar Focus
Our teacher asked us to clean the classroom
after school.
Mary invited her friends to come
to her birthday party.
用法
动词不定式用来补充说明宾语的情况。
3.作宾语补足语
Grammar Focus
用法
感官动词(hear, see, watch, feel, notice, listen to, look at等)后接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。
I saw them enter the room.
3.作宾语补足语
When I passed the classroom,
I saw them singing.
see sb. do sth. 意为“看见某人做某事”，表示看见了事情的全过程或者多次看见。宾语补足语的动作已完成，动词用省略to的不定式。
see sb. doing sth. 意为“看见某人正在做某事”，表示宾语补足语的动作正在进行，动词用动名词形式。
其他感官动词也是这样的用法哦！
Grammar Focus
用法
使役动词(make, let, have)后接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。
My parents make me do some housework.
help后面的动词不定式可加to，也可不加to。
Could you help me (to) carry the box
Grammar Focus
3.作宾语补足语
My dream is to be an astronaut.
Her job is to look after sick children.
动词不定式做表语常用于以下结构：
My/Her/His job/dream/goal/aim is…
用法
4.做表语
Grammar Focus
I have much homework to do.
He wants to have something to eat.
用法
5.作定语
I have a pen to write with.
She doesn’t have a house to live in.
不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系，若是不及物动词, 介词不能省略。
Grammar Focus
To keep healthy, he runs in the park every day.
We should work together to save the Earth.
目的状语:动词不定式可表示某一动作或状态的目的，位于句首或句尾。
用法
6.作状语
Grammar Focus
I’m happy to see you again.
I am sorry to trouble you.
原因状语:在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词后作原因状语。
用法
6.作状语
结果状语
可用于too...to...
结构中。
He is old enough to go to school by himself.
He is too shy to ask anyone for help.
Grammar Focus
He doesn’t know where to go.
Could you tell me how to learn English
与特殊疑问词连用：放在what, which, where, when, which, who, how等词之后。
用法
Grammar Focus
疑问词
+不定式
6.作状语
Please circle the phrasal verbs.
I’d like to help homeless people. She decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.
You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids and cheer them up. Mario believes it can help him to get his future dream job.
She volunteers there once a week to help kids learn to read. I’m making some signs to put up around the school.
短语动词
（Phrasal verbs）
Grammar Focus
短语动词
（Phrasal verbs）
Grammar Focus
1.
动词+介词
wait for 等待 laugh at 嘲
look after 照顾 agree with 同意
介词后须有宾语，宾语位于介词后。介词有：for, after, about, of, with, at...
Do you agree with me
She is waiting for the bus.
短语动词
（Phrasal verbs）
Grammar Focus
2.
动词+副词
give away 捐赠 hand out 分发
put up 举起；张贴 put off 推迟
副词有：
up, out, down, off, away, in...
Can you help me pick the pen up
短语动词
（Phrasal verbs）
He gave them away to poor children.
Can you help me pick up the pen
Grammar Focus
come up with 想出
look forward to 盼望
get on with 和睦相处
相当于及物动词，宾语总是位于介词之后
短语动词
（Phrasal verbs）
She came up with a good idea.
I am looking forward to your reply.
3.
动词+副词
+介词
Grammar Focus
have a cold 感冒
make a difference 影响；有作用
take a walk 散步
They take a walk in the park.
She had a cold last week.
4.
动词+名词
短语动词
（Phrasal verbs）
Grammar Focus
5.
动词+名词
+介词
take part in 参加
pay attention to 注意
make friends with 交朋友
We can make friends with nice people.
I want to take part in the football match.
短语动词
（Phrasal verbs）
Grammar Focus
Presentation
03
put up
hand out
call up
cheer up
come up with give out
put off
1. I want to ______ my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer. I’m too busy with my studies this year.
put off
2. She hopes to ______ at least five primary schools to ask if they need volunteers for their after-school programs.
call up
3. Our class is trying to ____________ some ideas to _______ sick children because they are often sad.
4. We decided to ______ signs around the school and ________ notices to tell students about the book sale. We will _______ the money from the sale to homeless people.
come up with
cheer up
put up
hand out
give out
Fill in the blanks with the phrasal verbs in the box.
4a
Presentation
help move do make visit spend
Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs 1.________ lots of money. In their free time, they think about what 2. _______ for fun. However, few people think about what they can do 3. _______others.
to make
to do
to help
There are many people who are less lucky than us. Volunteering our time to help these people is a good way 4. ________ our free time. For example, we can make plans 5.______ sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people. Some people even stop doing their jobs for a few months to a year 6. _______ to another place, like one of the countries in Africa, and help people there.
to spend
to visit
to move
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs
in the box.
Presentation
4a
1. I’d like to volunteer _____________________________________
2. At 12: a.m., I called my friend ______________________________
to help kids with their homework.
to play soccer together.
3. I’m very busy but I could help ______________________________
4. Summer vacation is coming, and I want_____________________________
5. I want to travel alone. My parents told me (not)_____________________
take the trash out after dinner.
to go camping with my friends.
not to do that.
Complete the sentences with your own ideas. Use infinitives.
Presentation
4c
Practice
04
一、单项选择
Practice
1. —Have you ever heard that China is building a nationwide 5G network
—Right. 5G will allow us _________ English movies faster than ever.
A. download B. downloads C. to download D. downloadin
2.Mother asks me _____ Enlgish every morning.
A. read B. to read C. reading D. no read
3.It’s not good for you to smoke so much. You’d better _____.
A. give up it B. give them up C. give it up D. give up them
4.Our school has ____ a sign at the gate, saying “Greet your child with a smile, not a mobile.” A. put up B. put off C. put on
C
C
B
A
Summary
05
Summary
动词
不定式
want, refuse, forget; need, try, learn; choose, agree, help; hope/wish/expect, decide, begin/start
形式：to+动词原形(to有时省略)，否定：not to+动词原形
没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语
概述
用法
作宾语
谓语动词用单数
ask, tell, want, teach, wish, help, warn, invite, encourage
作宾补
作状语
作定语
作表语
作主语
可放句首，一般用逗号隔开，也可放句尾
通常放在所修饰词之后
常用于My/Her/ job/goal/aim is…
动词不定式（infinitive）
Summary
短语动词
类型及用法
相当于及物动词，宾语位于介词后
相当于及物动词，名词前可加形容词，宾语位于介词后
相当于及物动词，后面必须有宾语(须位于介词后)
可看作及物动词，名词可位于之间或之后，
代词只能位于中间
动词+介词
动词+副词
动词+副词+介词
动词+名词+介词
短语动词
（Phrasal verbs）
Homework
06
Homework
1. Review the use of "Phrasal verbs" and " Infinitives".
2. Preview the new words and phrases in Section B (1a-1e).
Homework
老师：XXX
班级：XXX
Thanks.
谢谢
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