备战2023年中考英语二轮英语语法专题复习-专题九 谓语动词的时态（含解析）

专题九　谓语动词的时态
五年中考
考点1　一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时
Ⅰ.单项选择
1.(2022河北,37)John is waiting for me. We 　　　　to the bookstore together.
A.went　　　　B.have gone
C.will go　　　　D.were going
答案　C　由“John is waiting for me.”可知,我们将要一起去书店,应用一般将来时,结构为will+动词原形。故答案为C。
　本题判断时态的方法为“语境判断法”。由题干中的“John is waiting for me.”可知我们还没有去书店,将要去,故可以判断本句话为一般将来时。
2.(2022四川成都,35)In the future, vocational(职业的) students 　　　it easier to get jobs.
A.found　　　　B.have found
C.will find
答案　C　由时间状语“In the future”可知,“find”这个动作尚未发生,应用一般将来时。故选C。
3.(2022湖北武汉,30)—I don't think sixteen year olds should be allowed to drive.
—I 　　　. It's not safe.
A.agree　　　　B.agreed
C.will agree　　　　D.had agreed
答案　A　根据“I don't think sixteen year olds should be allowed to drive.”和“It's not safe.”可知,此处应是表达自己当前的想法,用一般现在时。故选A。
4.(2022云南,33)How time flies! I 　　　a senior high school this September.
A.enter　　　　 B.entered
C.will enter　　　　D.have entered
答案　C　根据句中的时间状语this September和语境可知,此句用一般将来时。故选C。
5.(2022安徽,27)—What are you saving money for
—Father's Day is around the corner. I 　　　a gift for my father.
A.am going to buy　　　　B.have bought
C.bought　　　　 D.was buying
答案　A　根据“Father's Day is around the corner.”可知,父亲节即将到来,应用一般将来时。故选A。
6.(2022江苏扬州,4)Xia Sen 　　　a simple life and saves her money for donations.
A.lives　　　 　B.lived
C.was living　　　　D.will live
答案　A　根据后面的saves可知,此处应用一般现在时。故选A。
7.(2022北京,8)Don't lose heart. If you keep working hard, you 　　　some day.
A.will succeed　　　　B.succeed
C.succeeded　　　　D.have succeeded
答案　A　句意:不要灰心。如果你坚持努力,有一天你会获得成功。此处为含有if引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。故选A。
8.(2021湖北武汉,29)—We 　　　very simply and do not spend much money on food.
—That's why you're called the Greens.
A.eat　　　　 B.ate
C.will eat　　　　D.had eaten
答案　A　and是并列连词,连接并列谓语,前后时态保持一致,根据do not spend可以判断设空处也用一般现在时。故选A。
9.(2021江苏扬州,6)—Have you watched the film Gulliver's Travels
—Yes.I　　　it during the Spring Festival. What about you
A.watch　　　　B.watched
C.will watch　　　　D.have watched
答案　B　句意:——你看过电影《格列佛游记》吗 ——是的。我在春节的时候看过。你呢 本题考查一般过去时。看电影的时间为“during the Spring Festival”,动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时,谓语动词应用过去式。故答案为B。
易错警示:由于受现在完成时态一般疑问句的答语习惯的影响,很容易忽视“during the Spring Festival”这个过去的时间状语而选D。
Ⅱ.单句填空
1.(2021浙江金华,70)But surely, people believe, his dream 　　　　　(come) true in the near future.
答案　will come　本题考查动词的时态。根据时间状语in the near future可知,用一般将来时。
2.(2021内蒙古包头,66)She 　　　　　(lock) the front door and went outside.
答案　locked　设空处是谓语动词,与and后的went并列,形式也应是过去式。故答案为locked。
考点2　现在进行时和过去进行时
Ⅰ.单项选择
　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　
1.(2022河北,38)At this time yesterday, I 　　　　a science exam here.
A.take　　　　B.was taking
C.am taking　　　　D.will take
答案　B　由时间状语“At this time yesterday”可知,参加科学考试是过去某一时刻正在发生的事情,应用过去进行时,结构为was/were+doing,故答案为B。
2.(2022江西,22)—Sssh! Be quiet. I'm on the phone.
—Who 　　　you 　　　to, Mom
A.do;speak　　　　B.are;speaking
C.will;speak　　　　D.have;spoken
答案　B　由“Sssh! Be quiet. I'm on the phone.”可知,此刻妈妈正在打电话,应用现在进行时。结构为am/is/are+doing。故选B。
3.(2022北京,9)I 　　　about my sister when my phone rang. It was her!
A.think　　　　 B.will think
C.was thinking　　　　D.am thinking
答案　C　根据rang可知此处指过去的某一时刻正在做某事,所以用过去进行时,故选C。
4.(2022北京,7)The workers 　　　the community center now.
A.cleaned　　　　B.were cleaning
C.will clean　　　　D.are cleaning
答案　D　句意:工作人员现在正在清扫社区活动中心。结合句意和now可知,应用现在进行时,故选D。
5.(2022重庆A卷,24)—Excuse me, what is Nick doing
—Look! He　　　flowers outside.
A.waters　　　　B.watered
C.is watering　　　　D.has watered
答案　C　结合what is Nick doing可知应用现在进行时回答,故选C。
6.(2021河北,35)I saw Bob in the garden. He 　　　flowers there.
A.waters　　　　 B.has watered
C.is watering　　　　D.was watering
答案　D　在花园看见Bob时,他正在那里浇花,由saw可知,应用过去进行时。故答案为D。
Ⅱ.单句填空
1.(2020江苏无锡,49)—Have you found any useful clues, sir
—We 　　　　　　(work)on it. There's nothing much I can say at the moment.
答案　are working　句意:——您发现什么有用的线索了吗,先生 ——我们正在寻找。此刻我们没什么要说的。应用现在进行时态,故填are working。
2.(2021山东东营,51)Sitting at the bedroom window, Melissa was watching her new neighbor Lily Green. There, in the garden, Lily 　　　　　　(play) freely and wildly, in jeans and a T shirt.
答案　was playing　设空处前一句用了过去进行时。本句也应该表示Lily正在做什么,故用过去进行时was playing。
考点3　现在完成时及时态的特殊用法
　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　
1.(2022福建,30)Since 2021,our school 　　　all kinds of after school services for students.
A.provides　　　　B.is providing
C.has provided
答案　C　“since+过去的时间点”要与现在完成时连用,故选C。
2.(2022海南,33)We 　　　each other since we met in the last summer camp.
A.won't see
B.haven't seen
C.didn't see
答案　B　根据“since we met in the last summer camp”可知,主句是现在完成时。故选B。
3.(2022河北,39)Sorry, I 　　　　a mistake. Let me correct it.
A.will make　　　 　B.am making
C.was making　　　　D.have made
答案　D　由“Let me correct it.”可知,“犯错误”是过去发生的,对现在造成的影响是“我得改正它”。应用现在完成时,结构为have/has+done。故答案为D。
4.(2022江苏扬州,10)—May I speak to Wang Li
—Sorry, she is not at home. She 　　　since last month.
A.left　　　　 B.has left
C.has been away　　　　D.went away
答案　C　leave是短暂性动词,be away是延续性的。根据时间状语since last month可知,此题应填延续性的has been away。故选C。
5.(2022北京,10)Jim 　　　a lot about Chinese culture since he began to study in our school.
A.learns　　　　B.learned
C.will learn　　　　D.has learned
答案　D　句意:自吉姆开始在我们学校学习以来,他已经学了很多关于中国文化的知识了。由since后跟的时态为一般过去时的从句可知,主句用现在完成时,故选D。
6.(2022陕西,27)However, in the past few years, things　　　 greatly. These changes bring lots of worries to more and more people.
A.has changed　　　　B.have changed
C.is changing　　　　D.are changing
答案　B　根据时间状语“in the past few years”可知,用现在完成时,又因为主语“things”为复数,故选B。
7.(2022湖北武汉,29)—Congratulations! You 　　　big progress in the last three years.
—Thank you, Mr. Li. I'll never forget the good times in Junior High.
A.make　　　　B.made
C.have made　　　　D.will make
答案　C　根据句中的时间状语“in the last three years”可知,本句时态应为现在完成时,主语为things,助动词应用have。故选C。
8.(2021广西贺州,40)I don't know if Lucy 　　　to Jack's party next Sunday. If she 　　　, so will I.
A.goes;goes 　　　　B.will go;will go
C.goes;will go 　　　　D.will go;goes
答案　D　第一个句子中,if是否,引导宾语从句,主句I don't know为一般现在时,从句谈论的是下周要举办的派对,因此使用一般将来时will go;第二个句子中,if如果,引导条件状语从句,应该使用一般现在时,因此是goes。故本题答案是D。
9.(2020湖北武汉,30)In the past 70 years, China　　　historic changes and made great achievements.
A.experienced　　　　B.has experienced
C.experiences　　　　D.would experience
答案　B　句意:在过去的70年间,中国经历了历史性的改变并且取得了伟大的成就。本题考查动词的时态。本句时间状语In the past 70 years意为“在过去的70年间”,是现在完成时的标志,由此可知本题选择B。
易错警示:与时间状语in the past和in the past 70 years连用的时态不同。in the past意为“在过去”,是一般过去时的标志。而in the past 70 years 意为“在过去的70年间”,是现在完成时的标志。
三年模拟
A组　基础练
Ⅰ.单项选择
　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　
1.(2022江西)Don't leave your toys on the table, or I 　　　them away.
A.threw　　　　B.will throw
C.have thrown　　　　D.was throwing
答案　B　本句为“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构,在这个结构中,陈述句用一般将来时。故选B。
2.(2022黑龙江哈尔滨)Wang Yaping, the first female(女性的) Chinese space
walker,　 her first space walk in November, 2021.
A.has begun　　　　B.begins
C.began
答案　C　由时间状语“in November, 2021”可知,动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时。故答案为C。
3.(2022河北石家庄联考)Sally 　　　on the phone, so I just passed her without saying anything.
A.has talked　　　　B.will talk
C.was talking　　　　D.talked
答案　C　考查过去进行时。根据“so I just passed her without saying anything”可知,此处描述过去某一时刻正在做某事,应用过去进行时,故选C。
4.(2022云南昆明模拟)—What do you think of Kunming, Kate
—It 　　　a lot. It's more beautiful than before.
A.changed　　　　B.has changed
C.changes　　　　D.is changing
答案　B　此处强调对现在产生的影响,应用现在完成时。故选B。
5.(2022天津和平区一模)—Where is Joan
—She 　　　a novel in her study.
A.has read　　　　B.reads
C.will read　　　　D.is reading
答案　D　根据“Where is Joan ”可知,询问的是Joan现在在做什么,因此用现在进行时。故选D。
6.(2022四川成都二模)Many students have got more time to practice their hobbies and relax since the Double Reduction Policy(双减政策)　　　 on July 24th, 2021.
A.will come out
B.has come out
C.came out
答案　C　由过去的时间状语on July 24th, 2021可知用一般过去时。故选C。
7.(2022河北石家庄一模)I know what will happen in the end, for I 　　　the film.
A.was seeing　　　　B.have seen
C.will see　　　　 D.see
答案　B　根据“I know what will happen in the end”可知for引出知道电影结局的原因,即已经看过了,用现在完成时表达过去动作对现在的影响。故选B。
8.(2022河北重点中学模拟) This birthday cake is smaller. I 　　　Mum a bigger one.
A.buy　　　　 B.bought
C.will buy　　　　D.have bought
答案　C　根据“This birthday cake is smaller.”可知,较大的蛋糕还没有买,所以买较大蛋糕的动作发生在将来,应用一般将来时。故选C。
9.(2021海南)—Jerry, can you give me a hand
—Just a minute. I 　　　an e mail.
A.have sent　　　　B.am sending
C.was sending
答案　B　根据Just a minute.(请稍等。)判断,我正在发一封电子邮件,用现在进行时。故选B。
10.(2021安徽)—Our computer is working again!
—Yes. Our IT teacher 　　　it. It took him about an hour.
A.has fixed　　　　B.will fix
C.is fixing　　　　D.was fixing
答案　A　根据is working again可知,电脑已经修好了。故此处用现在完成时,故选A。
Ⅱ.单句填空
1.(2021江苏盐城一模)There 　　　　　　(be) a live basketball match on CCTV 5 tomorrow.
答案　will be　根据时间状语 tomorrow可知,句子应用一般将来时,故填will be。
2.(2022广西河池模拟)Mr. Li 　　　　　　(reach) the train station 20 minutes ago.
答案　reached　根据时间状语20 minutes ago可知,时态应用一般过去时,故填reached。
B组　提升练
Ⅰ.单项选择
　　　　　　 　　　　　 　　　　　
1.(2022广西北部湾经济区)—What were you doing when I called you last night
—I 　　　football with my father.
A.play　　　　B.was playing
C.will play
答案　B　此处表示在对方昨晚打来电话时自己正在和父亲踢足球,应用过去进行时,故选B。
2.(2022湖北黄冈、孝感、咸宁三模) —　　　 he 　　　Little Prince to the library yet
—No. I　　　 it on his desk when I went to his home.
A.Has;returned;have seen　　　　B.Did;return;saw
C.Did;return;have seen　　　　 D.Has;returned;saw
答案　D　由现在完成时的标志词 yet可知,问句用现在完成时。答句描述过去某个时候发生的事,用一般过去时。故选D。
3.(2022重庆育才中学一模)—You look nice in this dress.
—Thank you. In fact, I　　　it for a long time.
A.have bought　　　　B.have had
C.will buy　　　　D.bought
答案　B　根据for a long time可知,句子的时态为现在完成时,且句中的动词要用延续性动词,buy“买”是短暂性动词,不能跟一段时间,排除A、C、D;have“拥有”是延续性动词。have had表示“已拥有”。故选B。
4.(2022河北石家庄一模)Jane 　　　to the library. Would you like to leave her a message
A.goes　　　　B.has gone
C.was going　　　　D.will go
答案　B　根据“Would you like to leave her a message ”可知,简去了图书馆还没回来,应用has gone。故选B。
5.(2022广西来宾模拟)—We are going to see the latest film this afternoon. Why not join us
—Thank you. I'd love to, but I 　　　that movie twice.
A.will watch　　　　B.watched
C.have watched
答案　C　根据空后“twice”可知,设空处应用现在完成时,故选C。
6.(2022天津南开区一模)—I 　　　a letter to you last week. 　　　
you 　　　it
—No, not yet.
A. have posted; Did; receive
B. have posted; Have; received
C. posted; Have; received
D. posted; Do; receive
答案　C　last week是一般过去时的标志,第一空用一般过去时,排除A、B;答语“not yet”是现在完成时的标志,因此问句要用现在完成时提问。故选C。
7.(2022重庆渝中区二模) If you talk with your parents more often, you 　　　each other better.
A.understand　　　　B.will understand
C.understood　　　　D.have understood
答案　B　该句符合含条件状语从句的主从复合句中“主将从现”的原则。故选B。
8.(2022天津和平区一模)I 　　　my hometown for many years. I miss my friends there.
A.will leave
B.have left
C.will be away from
D.have been away from
答案　D　for many years(许多年)是一段时间,用于现在完成时,可排除A、C两项;leave(离开)是短暂性动词,不可和表示一段时间的for many years连用,可排除B项。be away from离开,是延续性动词,故选D。
9.(2021河北)You can borrow this film—surely you 　　　watching it.
A.enjoy　　　　 B.enjoyed
C.will enjoy　　　　D.have enjoyed
答案　C　由前面的You can borrow this film可知,还没看这部电影,借回去后即将看,故用一般将来时。故答案为C。
10.(2021黑龙江齐齐哈尔)I'm sorry I didn't answer your call because I 　　　online.
A. was studying
B. studied　
C.am studying
答案　A　根据前面的didn't可知,(当时)没接到电话,是因为(那时)正在线上学习,应用过去进行时。故选A。
Ⅱ.单句填空
1.(2021山东济宁)They 　　　　　　(raise) more than $100 million over the past years, according to news website Genius.
答案　have raised　根据时间状语over the past years可知,应该用现在完成时,主语They为复数,故填have raised。
2.(2020内蒙古包头)As I was trying to find my way out, I suddenly 　　　(hear) some noise.
答案　heard　由时间状语从句中的 was trying可知,本空也应该用过去的某种时态,hear为短暂性动词,故本空应该用一般过去时,故填heard。
3.(2022江苏南京一模) As soon as Mum got home yesterday, she 　　　　　　(hang) her coat behind the door and went to the kitchen to prepare supper.
答案　hung　此处与went to the kitchen并列,时态是一般过去时,hang表示“悬挂”,过去式是hung,故填hung。