备战2023年中考英语二轮英语语法专题复习-专题十三 并列复合句和主从复合句（含解析）

专题十三　并列复合句和主从复合句
五年中考
考点1　并列复合句
1.(2022北京,6)Mr. Smith has helped me a lot, 　　　I'm thankful to him.
A.or　　　　B.but　　　　C.for　　　　D.so
答案　D　句意:史密斯先生帮助了我很多,因此我对他很感激。or或者,否则;but但是;for因为;so因此,所以。此处表示因果,且为前“因”后“果”,故选D。
2.(2022河北,33)I saw a good film, 　　　　I can't remember its name.
A.so　　　　B.or　　　　C.for　　　　D.but
答案　D　空前是“我看了一场好电影”,空后是“我不记得它的名字”。前后是转折关系,设空处应用转折连词but。故答案为D。
3.(2021北京,5)The doctors worked for ten hours, 　　　nobody took a break.
A.so　　　　B.for　　　　C.but　　　　D.or
答案　C　句意:医生们工作了十个小时,但没有人休息一下。本题考查连词的用法。前面说“工作了十个小时”,后面说“没有人休息”,前后有明显的转折关系,故选C。
4.(2020吉林,27)Work hard,　　　you will get good grades.
A.or　　　　B.but　　　　C.and
答案　C　本题考查连词用法。在“祈使句,+and/or+陈述句”这一句式结构中,连词and引出做某事的结果,or引出不做某事的后果。前面为“努力学习”,后面为“你会获得好的成绩”,故用and。
考点2　宾语从句
　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　
1.(2022福建,35)—Could you tell me 　　　
—In Fuzhou University.
A.when your brother will start
B.what your brother looks like
C.where your brother is studying
答案　C　根据答语“In Fuzhou University.”可知,是询问地点,所以用where引导宾语从句,故选C。
2.(2022北京,12)—Do you know 　　　the new national park
—Yes, I do. To protect wildlife and benefit the local people.
A.why did China set up
B.why China set up
C.when did China set up
D.when China set up
答案　B　根据宾语从句要用陈述句语序的原则,排除A和C;答语在回答建国家公园的原因,故选B。
3.(2022黑龙江哈尔滨,16)—Could you tell me 　　　on weekdays
—I usually go to school on foot, but sometimes by bike.
A.why do you go to school
B.when you went to school
C.how you go to school
答案　C　由答语的“go to school on foot, but sometimes by bike”可知,此处问的是怎样去上学,宾语从句应用how引导。故答案为C。
4.(2022广西北部湾经济区,40)—Excuse me, could you tell me 　　　
—Sure. Walk along the street for about 10 minutes. You will see it on your right.
A.when the Science Museum is open
B.how I can get to the Science Museum
C.how old the Science Museum is
答案　B　根据答语中Walk along the street可知,此处在问路,故选B。
5.(2022海南,39)—Have you decided 　　　the children in the poor area
—By sending them books and schoolbags.
A.how you will help
B.how will you help
C.when you will help
答案　A　宾语从句需用陈述句语序,排除B选项;根据“By sending them books and schoolbags.”可知,此处是询问帮助孩子的方式,用how引导宾语从句。故选A。
6.(2022湖北武汉,40)—Can you tell me 　　　
—To get practical skills.
A.what do you learn about safety
B.when do you have the art festival
C.how you balance your studies and hobbies
D.why you learn cooking at school
答案　D　此处为宾语从句,作tell的直接宾语,宾语从句应用陈述句语序,排除A和B;再由下文的“To get practical skills.”可知,D项符合语境。故选D。
7.(2022天津,34)—Could you tell me 　　　
—It's about 6,300 kilometres long.
A.how wide is the Changjiang River
B.how wide the Changjiang River is
C.how long is the Changjiang River
D.how long the Changjiang River is
答案　D　宾语从句要用陈述句语序,故排除A和C;又根据答句 “It's about 6,300 kilometres long.”可知,是询问长江的长度,故选D。
8.(2021内蒙古包头,30)—Do you know 　　　he said at the party
—Go on—I'm all ears.
A.why　　　　B.that
C.which　　　　D.what
答案　D　本题考查宾语从句引导词。why 为什么;that(单纯作引导词);which哪一个;what什么。本题宾语从句中缺少宾语,即说的内容,应用what。故答案为D。
9.(2021安徽,28)—I'm not sure 　　　my suggestion is helpful to you.
—It certainly is. Every little bit helps.
A.why　　　　B.how　　　　C.whether　　　　D.where
答案　C　句意:——我不确定我的建议对你是否有用。——当然有。每一点都有帮助。本题考查宾语从句的引导词。why为何;how怎样;whether是否;where在哪里。根据句意可知选C。
10.(2021黑龙江齐齐哈尔,10)—Excuse me. I'm new here. Could you please tell me　　　
—In five minutes.
A.how soon will the next subway arrive
B.how soon the next subway arrives
C.how soon the next subway will arrive
答案　C　考查宾语从句。宾语从句应用陈述句语序,因此排除A; how soon常与一般将来时连用,故排除B。故选C。
11.(2021湖北武汉,40)—What did Daniel say to you
—He asked me 　　　.
A.how did I get to Hubei Museum
B.why I liked hot dry noodles so much
C.how many bridges are there in Wuhan
D.what will I study in Wuhan University
答案　B　本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句需要用陈述句语序。故选B。
12.(2020黑龙江齐齐哈尔,10)—Could you tell me 　　　
—Sure, go along this street, and turn left at the second crossing. You'll find the bank on your right.
A.how I can get to the Bank of China
B.where is the Bank of China
C.where can I find the Bank of China
答案　A　句意:——你可以告诉我怎样能到达中国银行吗 ——当然,沿着这条街走,在第二个十字路口向左转。你将发现银行在你的右边。本题考查宾语从句的用法。分析句子结构可知,设空处为宾语从句,宾语从句的语序应为陈述句语序。故选A。
考点3　状语从句
1.(2022安徽,28)You won't fully experience the culture of a foreign country 　　you go there in person.
A.because　　　　B.unless
C.as soon as　　　　D.as long as
答案　B　because因为;unless除非,如果不;as soon as 一……就;as long as只要。“充分地体验外国文化” 的前提条件是 “你亲自去那里”,即不亲自去那里是无法充分体验的,故选B。
2.(2022福建,29) We are making a big cake 　　　it's Dad's birthday today.
A.because　　　　B.until　　　　C.once
答案　A　因为今天是父亲的生日,所以我们在做蛋糕, 故选A。
3.(2022黑龙江哈尔滨,17)—Happiness is about having each tiny wish come true.
—　　　 we work hard, we'll make our life full of happiness.
A.If　　　　B.Unless　　　　C.Though
答案　A　“我们努力工作”是“我们将使我们的生活充满幸福”的条件,故设空处应用if来引导条件状语从句。故答案为A。
4.(2022海南,31)According to the latest rules, everyone must have their temperature taken 　　　they enter the school.
A.before　　　　B.though　　　　C.unless
答案　A　根据语境并结合常识可知,量体温是在进入学校之前。before在……之前;though尽管;unless除非。故选A。
5.(2022河北,35)　　　　you can use your dictionary, you will learn English better.
A.If　　　　 B.Unless
C.Though　　　　D.Before
答案　A　“你会使用你的词典”是“你会把英语学得更好”的条件。设空处应用if引导条件状语从句。故答案为A。
6.(2022重庆A卷,25)They have been friends 　　　they first met.
A.since　　　　B.while
C.before　　　　D.after
答案　A　主句为现在完成时,从句为一般过去时,故从句应为since引导的时间状语从句,故选A。
7.(2022江西,28)　　　 many things change a lot, a love of sports hasn't changed a bit.
A.If　　　　 B.Before
C.Though　　　　D.Because
答案　C　从句意思为“许多事情变化很大”,主句为“对运动的热爱一点也没变”。前后是让步关系,应用though引导让步状语从句。故选C。
8.(2021内蒙古包头,29)　　　 he is my favorite singer, I didn't buy his new CD.
A.If　　　　 B.Ever since
C.Even though　　　　D.Because
答案　C　if 如果;ever since从那时起;even though虽然;because 因为。逗号前面写他是我最喜欢的歌手,逗号后面写我没买他的新唱片。前后构成让步关系,此处应用Even though引导让步状语从句。故答案为C。
9.(2021黑龙江齐齐哈尔,8)Your parents won't let you go out alone　　　 they are sure you're safe.
A.since　　　　B.if　　　　C.unless
答案　C　since既然,自从;if如果;unless除非,如果不。根据句意可知,除非你的父母确信你很安全,否则不会让你一个人外出。表示否定的假设,应用unless。故选C。
10.(2021河北,34)I love to listen to rock music 　　　I am running.
A.while　　　　B.after
C.since　　　　D.until
答案　A　句意:我喜欢边跑步边听摇滚乐。本题考查连词。while当……时候;after在……之后;since自从……以来;until直到……为止。根据语境和句意可知,跑步和听音乐是同时发生的,故答案为A。
11.(2021江苏扬州,12)　　　we always wait for another day, fruitlessly our life will pass away.
A.Until　　　　B.If
C.Although　　　　D.Whether
答案　B　句意:如果我们总是等待另一天,我们的生命将徒然地逝去。本题考查状语从句。until直到……为止;if如果;although尽管;whether是否。设空处应用If引导条件状语从句,故答案为B。
12.(2020辽宁营口,15)The clever boy called 120 　　　his mother fell down in the kitchen.
A.although　　　　B.as soon as
C.as long as　　　　D.until
答案　B　句意:男孩的母亲在厨房一倒下,聪明的他就拨打了120。本题考查连词的用法。although尽管;as soon as一……就……;as long as只要;until直到。故选B。
考点4　定语从句
1.(2022黑龙江哈尔滨,15)—How exciting the speech is!
—Pretty good! This is the best speech 　　　I've ever heard.
A.which　　　　B.that　　　　C.who
答案　B　先行词speech前有形容词最高级best修饰,关系代词应用that。故答案为B。
2.(2022四川成都,36)Rome is an ancient city 　　　is full of places of interest.
A.where　　　　B.which　　　　C.who
答案　B　分析句子成分可知,该空引导定语从句,在从句中作主语,先行词“city”是“物”,应用关系代词which或that引导定语从句。故选B。
3.(2021福建,34)We all miss Wu Mengchao 　　　saved thousands of lives in his medical work.
A.which　　　　B.what 　　　　C.who
答案　C　先行词为Wu Mengchao,从句中缺少主语,关系代词应用who或that。故答案为C。
4.(2021甘肃武威,12)A true friend is a person　　　 reaches for your hand and touches your heart.
A.whom　　　　B.whose
C.who　　　　D.which
答案　C　设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词person,在从句中作主语,故选C。
解题关键:在定语从句中,who可以作主语或宾语;whom作宾语;whose后要有名词,表示所属关系。
5.(2021青海,36)Chaka Salt Lake 　　　is known as the Mirror of the Sky interests more and more tourists.
A.where　　　　B.which　　　　C.who
答案　B　设空处引导定语从句,并且在从句中作主语,先行词为Chaka Salt Lake。故答案选B。
6.(2021黑龙江绥化,23)I like smart clothes 　　　are made of silk.
A.who　　　　B.which　　　　C.what
答案　B　先行词为smart clothes,关系词作主语,应用which/that。故答案选择B。what不能引导定语从句。
7.(2020四川成都,37)The book　　　cover has a beautiful picture is Lily's.
A.which　　　　B.whose　　　　C.that
答案　B　句意:封面上有张漂亮图画的那本书是莉莉的。本题考查定语从句的关系词。先行词是物时,关系词可用which,一般在从句中作主语或宾语;that可以指人,也可以指物,一般在从句中作主语或宾语;whose(某人的,某物的)可以指人,也可以指物,在从句中作定语。本题中先行词book 与空格后面的cover为所属关系,应该用whose,作cover的定语。故选B。
审题技巧:在定语从句关系代词的选择上要注意两点:(1)先行词是人还是物。是人,关系代词可能为who/whom/that;是物,关系代词可能为which/that。(2)关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分。关系词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。
8.(2020贵州贵阳,36)In difficult times, there are always national heroes 　　　step up and bring people hope.
A.whom　　　　B.which　　　　C.who
答案　C　先行词national heroes指人,关系词在从句中作主语,所以用who。故选C。
易错警示:who引导定语从句,在从句中可以作主语或者宾语;whom引导定语从句,在从句中作宾语。
9.(2019河南,28)—Do you know the boy over there
—The one 　　　is holding a ball Oh, that's my neighbor Phil.
A.what　　　　B.which
C.who　　　　D.不填
答案　C　先行词为the one,将先行词代入定语从句后为:The one is holding a ball.由此可知,先行词在定语从句中作主语,且先行词指“人”,故答案为C项。
三年模拟
A组　基础练
1.(2022四川成都二诊)—I wonder 　　　the players could act so perfectly at the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games.
—Because of their hard work and talents.
A.if　　　　B.why　　　　C.when
答案　B　答语中的Because of表原因,此处应用why提问原因,故选B。
2.(2022天津南开区一模)Study hard, 　　　you will have a good result in the exam.
A.so　　　　B.or
C.but　　　　D.and
答案　D　此处表达“好好学习就会取得好成绩”,前后是顺承关系。故选D。
3.(2021江苏无锡期中)Tigers usually wait 　　　it is dark, and then go out to find their food.
A.since　　　　B.as　　
C.until　　　　D.because
答案　C　考查状语从句。since自从;as当……的时候;until直到……为止;because因为。根据语境和关键词wait(延续性动词)可知答案为C。
4.(2022湖北荆州一模)—Will he come again
—Sorry, I don't know. 　　　he arrives, I'll let you know.
A.When　　　　B.Since
C.Because　　　　D.Though
答案　A　本题考查状语从句引导词。when当……的时候;since自从;because因为;though尽管,虽然。他到了我会告诉你。表时间,故选A。
5.(2022重庆渝中区二调)—Hi, Bruce. Here's a letter for you.
—Thanks. I wonder 　　　.
A. who that letter was from
B. why that letter was from
C. whom was that letter from
D. where was that letter from
答案　A　本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句应用陈述句语序,故排除C、D;再根据逻辑be from后跟地点或人,排除B,故选A。
6.(2022广西河池一模)—Bob, wash your hands before meals, 　　　you may get ill.
—OK, Mom.
A.or　　　　B.so　　　　C.and　　　　D.but
答案　A　此处表示“不做某事会有什么后果”,故选A。
7.(2021上海黄浦区二模)We need to take steps to reduce the use of plastic 　　　it is too late.
A.although　　　　B.because
C.if　　　 　D.before
答案　D　本题考查状语从句。although尽管;because因为;if如果;before在……之前。此处意为“趁现在还来得及”,before it is too late意为“趁早,否则就来不及了;趁现在还来得及”。故选D。
8.(2021黑龙江哈尔滨二模)—Sichuan is home to pandas 　　　are known as the national treasure of China.
—Now as long as people see the picture of pandas, they will think of China.
A.which　　　　B.who　　　　C.what
答案　A　考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,what不能引导定语从句,因此排除C项。先行词为pandas,应用指物的关系代词,故选A。
9.(2022江苏扬州)　　　 astronauts go on spacewalks, they wear spacesuits to keep themselves safe.
A.Though　　　　B.Till
C.When　　　　D.Unless
答案　C　本题考查连词辨析。though虽然,尽管;till直到……为止;when当……时候;unless除非。根据语境可知此空填When,表示“当宇航员在太空行走时”。故选C。
10.(2022新疆)—I wonder 　　　.
—Yes, it tastes really nice.
A.who likes eating zongzi
B.where we can buy this kind of zongzi
C.how much we should pay for this kind of zongzi
D.if Jiaxing zongzi is delicious
答案　D　考查宾语从句。根据答语中的Yes可知,此处宾语从句应该由if/whether引导,故选 D。
B组　提升练
1.(2022湖北黄冈、孝感、咸宁联考)—Do you know Li Ziqi
—Of course. She is a beautiful girl 　　　has made many videos to show a traditional Chinese way of life.
A.whose　　　　B.where　　　　C.which　　　　D.who
答案　D　考查定语从句。先行词为girl,指人,设空处在从句中作主语,关系代词应用who。故选D。
2. (2022广西南宁一模)—What did your father say to you just now
—He asked me 　　　.
A.if I enjoyed myself at the party
B.that I would like to see a movie
C.when will I spend my holiday
答案　A　考查宾语从句。宾语从句应用陈述句语序,排除选项C;根据asked可知对设空处内容不确定,所以此处的宾语从句不能用that引导,排除B。故选A。
3.(2022云南昆明联考)—Oh, COVID 19 comes back again! Who can tell me 　　　
—Don't be nervous. Since winter is over, can spring be far away
A.whether will it stop　　　　B.when will it stop
C.how it will stop　　　　D.when it will stop
答案　D　考查宾语从句。宾语从句为陈述句语序,排除A和B选项;根据“Since winter is over, can spring be far away ”可知,问句询问的是何时停止,用when引导从句。故选D。
4.(2022天津红桥区一模)—Please tell me 　　　A Lifelong Journey (《人世间》).
—At eight o'clock every evening.
A.where I can watch
B.where can I watch
C.what time I can watch
D.what time can I watch
答案　C　考查宾语从句。宾语从句应该是陈述句语序,故排除B和D;根据答语“At eight o'clock every evening.”可知,是在询问时间,故选C。
5.(2022天津南开区一模)The boy asked his mother 　　　.
A.how long has she been here
B.when will she buy him a computer
C.if he could hold a party at home
D.why was she crying
答案　C　考查宾语从句。宾语从句需用陈述句语序,A、B、D均不是陈述句语序。故选C。
6.(2021四川成都二诊)When you're learning English, use it, 　　　you'll lose it.
A.so　　　　B.or　　　　C.and
答案　B　考查并列连词。此处表示“不做某事的后果”,or意为“否则”,故选B。
7.(2021天津河北区模拟)—Do you know 　　　
—Sorry. Why not read the instructions first
A.where can I buy an e book
B.where I can buy an e book
C.how can I turn the e book on
D.how I can turn the e book on
答案　D　考查宾语从句。根据答语中的“Why not read the instructions first ”可知,询问的是打开电子书的方式,引导词应用how,因此排除A、B两项。宾语从句应用陈述句语序,故选D。
8.(2021黑龙江哈尔滨二模)—　　　 I am invited to the party, I will dress up as a superman(超人).
—Oh, that's cool. When you try your best, you are the true superman in life.
A.If　　　　B.Though　　　　C.Unless
答案　A　考查状语从句。if如果;though尽管,虽然;unless除非,如果不。根据语境和时态(主将从现)可知,应用if, 故选A。
9.(2022山东青岛一模)—Do you know 　　　
—I don't know. But I think it won't take too long.
A.how soon we will get back to school
B.who will get back to school
C.when will we get back to school
D.where we will go
答案　A　考查宾语从句。宾语从句的语序应为陈述句语序,故排除B、C选项;根据答语中it won't take too long可知,此处询问的是时间,故选A。
10.(2022湖北武汉一模)—This picture will show you 　　　.
—That's great!
A.how Wuhan looked like months ago
B.what did Wuhan look like months ago
C.how was Wuhan like months ago
D.what Wuhan looked like months ago
答案　D　考查宾语从句。“show you”后是宾语从句,应用陈述句语序,故排除B和C选项。表达某物是什么样的,用句型“what does...look like”,A选项引导词错误。故选D。
11.(2022四川成都)—I wonder 　　　life will be different in the future.
—Maybe we will be able to live on another planet with the development of space technology.
A.when　　　　B.how　　　　C.what
答案　B　考查宾语从句引导词。由答句“Maybe we will be able to live on another planet with the development of space technology.”可知,题干中“我”想知道未来的生活会有怎样的不同。设空处引导宾语从句,且在其中作方式状语。故选B。
12.(2022江苏扬州)—Excuse me, could you tell me 　　　
—You can take the No. 6 bus there. It's about 15 minutes' ride.
A.how far is the Slender West Lake
B.how far the Slender West Lake is
C.how can I get to the Slender West Lake
D.how I can get to the Slender West Lake
答案　D　本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述句语序,排除A和C;根据答语可知,这里是在说“如何去瘦西湖”,用how引导,不用how far(问距离),排除B。故选D。