中考英语二轮专题精讲精练-宾语从句（含答案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
宾语从句
考点一 宾语从句与间接引语
用法 例句
当宾语从句或间接引语是由陈述句转换而来时, 用that来引导从句或间接引语,其中的that无具 体意义,一般可以省略. He tells me (that) he is going shopping this Sunday．
当宾语从句或间接引语是由一般疑问句转换 而来时,用if或whether来引导从句或间接引 语,意思是“是否”.从句或间接引语用陈述语序. She asked me if/whether she could join us．
当宾语从句或间接引语是由特殊疑问句转换 而来时,特殊疑问词就是宾语从句或间接引语的引导词.从句或间接引语用陈述语序. Do you know who broke the door
考点二 宾语从句时态
宾语从句中,主句为一般现在时,则从句可以根据实际需要用各种相应的时态.主句为一 般过去时, 则从句必须用过去的某种时态.
She wanted to know where you were going.
在宾语从句或间接引语中,如果叙述的是客观真理、客观事实等,不管主句是什么时态, 从句都用一般现在时.如 : He said that light travels much faster than sound．
考点三 宾语从句语序
宾语从句的语序为：陈述语序，即主语+谓语的结构。
Can I use your pen 转化为： I don't know I can use your pen？
注意： What’s the matter？ What’s the trouble？ What’s wrong？ 语序不变。
考点四 宾语从句连接词
that ：只起连接作用，无词义；
I think that you are right .
if / whether ：起连接作用，有词义，表“是否”;
I don ’ t know if / whether he will come .
当宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来时,引导词用if或whether.
如果从句中有or not；不定式to do sth；从句充当介词的宾语时；或者该从句位于句首,只能用whether.
I don’t know whether she will come or not. They are talking about whether they will leave.
疑问代词／疑问副词：起连接作用，在从句中做成分，有词义；
I don ’ t know who he is .
I don ’ t know where he lives .
其它：
宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,当主句的谓语动词是know, remember, forget, learn等词时,从句可简化为“疑问词＋不定式”结构.如 :
I didn’t know what I could do．＝I didn’t know what to do.
否定转移
当主句的主语为第一人称,谓语动词是think,believe,suppose等时,要将宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中,即主句的谓语动词用否定形式,而宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定形式。
I don’t think he will come with you.我认为他不会和你一起来。
宾语从句的反义疑问句
主句是第一人称，变反义疑问句时看从句。如果主语不是第一人称时则看主句。
I think he is a good student, isn’t he
They want to know if he is a good student, don’t they
宾语从句（1）
1.—What did the shopkeeper say to you
— She asked me______.
A．when does the shop close
B．where did I see the style
C．if I preferred that orange dress
D．what else I will buy
2.—Do you know ________
—In Stratford, England.
A．where Shakespeare was born
B．when Shakespeare finished school
C．how many plays Shakespeare wrote
D．why Shakespeare's works are popular
3. He asks me ________.
A．which city is called the Flower City
B．which is city called the Flower City
C．which city the Flower City is called
D．which city is the Flower City called
4.- Miss Wang wants to know______with you.
- I have a fever.
A．what the matter is B．what's the wrong C．what's the wrong
5. Lisa is studying abroad. She hasn’t decided _______back to China because of the COVID—19.
A. if she flies B. whether she will fly C. when will she fly D. how will she fly
6.—What will you remember most after leaving junior high school
—I will always remember ________.
A．how my friends and teachers used to help me
B．when did my friends and teachers arrive
C．where could my friends and teachers meet
D．what did the teachers say to me
7.-Wow! The school uniforms can tell parents ______Cool! So the children won't get lost easily.
A. where are their children
B. where their children are
C. what do their children study
D. what their children study
8.—Dear friends, do you know_______
—By working together!
A. when we can make the Chinese Dream come true
B. when can we make the Chinese Dream come true
C. how we can make the Chinese Dream come true
D. how can we make the Chinese Dream come true
9.—Could you tell me _________
—Sure, go along this street, turn left at the second crossing. You'll find the bank on your right.
A．how I can get to the Bank of China
B．where is the Bank of China
C．where can I find the Bank of China
10.—Tom, I wonder________.
—In Beijing, the first city to host both summer and winter Olympics.
A．where will the 24th Winter Olympics be held
B．where the 24th Winter Olympics will hold
C．where the 24th Winter Olympics will be held
11.— Could you tell me ________
— There is nothing but some old model planes.
A．what’s in the room
B．what can you see in the room
C．who in the room is
12.--You have got lots of masks. Could you please tell me ________
--Sure. I bought them in a shop in the neighborhood a few days ago.
A．when did you buy them
B．where you bought them
C．when will you buy them
D．where you will buy them
13.There are some foggy days these days. We all want to know_______.
how can we do to prevent it
how we can do to prevent it
what we can do to prevent it
what can we do to prevent it
14.The school suggested the students pass on ________ they have learned to their parents.
A．what B．that C．which D．where
15.Linda said the moon_______ around the earth.
traveled B. travels C.has traveled
参考答案：
1.【答案】C
【解析】句意：——店主跟你说了什么？——她问我我是否更喜欢那件橘色裙子。
考查宾语从句。when does the shop close 店里什么时候关门？where did I see the style 我在哪里看见这种款式？if I preferred that orange dress 我是否更喜欢那件橘色裙子？what else I will buy 我要买其他东西吗？宾语从句是陈述句语序，故排除AB。其次根据asked可知主句是一般过去时，遵循“主过从必过”的原则，故选C。
2.【答案】A
【解析】句意：——你知道莎士比亚出生在哪里吗？——在英格兰的斯特拉特福德。
考查宾语从句。A：莎士比亚出生在哪里；B：莎士比亚什么时候毕业的；C：莎士比亚写了多少部话剧；D：为什么莎士比亚的作品受欢迎。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句，根据答语“In Stratford, England.”可知，回答的是地点。故选A。
3.【答案】A
【解析】句意：——他问我“哪一个城市叫花市？”考查宾语从句。宾语从句语序是陈述语序，主语+谓语，which哪一个，做定语，后面需加名词，排除B选项，从句中主语为which city，谓语为is called；故选A。
4.【答案】C
【解析】句意：——王老师想知道你怎么啦？——我发烧了。
本题考查固定搭配及宾语从句的语序。在宾语从句中What’s the matter？ What’s the trouble？ What’s wrong？ 等语序不变，因为what是疑问代词，做主语，后面be动词的谓语，符合主语+谓语的陈述句语序，故选C。
5.【答案】B
【解析】句意：丽莎正在国外学习。她还没有决定是否会因为COVID-19乘飞机飞回中国。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句应用陈述句语序，故C、D选项可排除。根据上一句Lisa is studying abroad可知，丽莎还没有决定是否会因为COVID-19乘飞机飞回中国，还未发生的动作应用一般将来时，故选B。
6.【答案】A
【解析】句意：——初中毕业后最难忘的是什么？——我将永远记得我的朋友和老师是如何帮助我的。
考查宾语从句。A：我的朋友和老师过去是如何帮助我的，陈述语序；B：我的朋友和老师是什么时候到的，疑问语序；C：我的朋友和老师在哪里见面，疑问语序；D：老师对我说了什么，疑问语序。分析题目可知，此处是用于动词remember后的宾语从句，需用陈述语序。故选A。
7.【答案】B
【解析】句意：——哇！校服可以告诉家长他们的孩子在哪里！——太酷了！这样孩子们就不会轻易迷路了。
考查宾语从句。where are their children孩子们在哪里，疑问语序；where their children are陈述语序；what do their children study他们的孩子学习什么，疑问语序；what their children study陈述语序。根据句子结构可知，该空是宾语从句，作动词tell的宾语，宾语从句中应用陈述语序，先排除A和C；根据句意“So the children won’t get lost easily”可知，孩子们不会轻易迷路，说明校服能告诉家长孩子在哪里，因此应用where引导宾语从句。故选B。
8.【答案】C
【解析】句意：——亲爱的朋友们，你们知道我们怎样才能实现中国梦吗？——通过共同合作。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句遵循陈述句语序，故排除B、D，这两个是疑问句语序；根据回答“By working together”可知上一句是对方式进行提问，所以用how，故选C。
9.【答案】A
【解析】句意：——你能告诉我怎么去中国银行吗？——当然可以，沿着这条街走，在第二个十字路口向左拐。银行就在你的右边。
考查宾语从句。how I can get to the Bank of China我怎么去中国银行，陈述语序；where is the Bank of China中国银行在哪里，疑问语序；where can I find the Bank of China我在哪里可以找到中国银行，疑问语序。根据题干中“Could you tell me ____ ”结合选项内容可知此处是宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述语序，排除BC。故选A。
10.【答案】C
【解析】句意：——Tom，我想知道第24届冬季奥运会将会在哪里举办。——在北京，第一个同时举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市。
考查宾语从句。where will the 24th Winter Olympics be held 第24届冬季奥运会将会在哪里举办；where the 24th Winter Olympics will hold 表述错误。where the 24th Winter Olympics will be held 第24届冬季奥运会将会在哪里举办。宾语从句应是陈述句语序，故排除A。其次从句中the 24th Winter Olympics作为主语，与谓语动词hold是被动关系，即“被举行”。故应是将来时态的被动语态，结构为will be done。故选C。
11.【答案】A
【解析】句意：——你能告诉我房间里有什么吗？ ——除了一些旧型号的飞机，什么都没有。
考查宾语从句。根据英语语法，宾语从句应用陈述句语序，B选项可排除。根据答句There is nothing but some old model planes可知，问句问的是房间里面有什么东西，故选A。
12.【答案】B
【解析】句意：——你有很多口罩。你能告诉我你在哪里买的吗？——当然。我几天前在附近的一家商店买的。
考查宾语从句，观察句子，这是一个宾语从句，那么从句应该是陈述语气，排除AC。又因为could在这里表示委婉语气，主句是一般现在时，从句时态不受其限制，结合前面提到“You have got lots of masks. 你有很多口罩。”可知是已经买了，那么应该是过去式，故选B。
13.【答案】C
【解析】句意这些天一直都是大雾弥漫，我们大家想知道做什么可以阻止这个大雾天气。
考查宾语从句辨析。根据句子结构，此空处是一个宾语从句，从句用陈述语序。排除AD，又因为此处what和how的用法，do是及物动词需要有宾语的成分，what是疑问代词做do的宾语，how是疑问副词不能做do的宾语，需要补充其宾语部分，且do后宾语成分，排除B，故选。
14.【答案】A
【解析】句意：学校建议学生们把所学知识传授给父母。
考查宾语从句引导词。what什么；that无意义；which哪一个；where哪里；根据句意理解及句子结构分析可知，空格是放在介词on后面，且后面是一个句子，所以是一个宾语从句，而空格在从句中做的是宾语，所以应该用what/ which，而由句意可知，这里表达的是“他们所学的内容”，所以应该用what引导，故选A。
15.【答案】B
【解析】句意：琳达说月亮围着地球转。
考查宾语从句。根据said可知主句是一般过去时，遵循“主过从必过”的原则，但从句部分指的真理，需用一般现在时，故选B。
宾语从句（2）
1.The policeman asked the little boy if ________ his home.
A．he could find B．could he find C．he can find
2.— Do you know ____________
—At 9:00 tomorrow morning.
A．when the video meeting began
B．when did the video meeting begin
C．when the video meeting will begin
D．when will the video meeting begin
3.The BBC's documentary Du Fu：China's Greatest Poet explains ________ Du's works have been popular for centuries.
A．when B．whether C．why
4.— Could you tell me we can start a conversation with a foreigner
—Talking about weather is a good choice.
A．how B．why C．where D．when
5.We're not sure ______there'll be_______ or not tomorrow.
A．if; rains B．if; rainy
C．whether; rain D．whether; raining
6.—What did our English teacher say to you just now
—He asked me ________.
A．why I am sad
B．if had I done my homework
C．when did I do my homework
D．how I planned to go on vacation
7.I wondered _________.
A．which way was the wind blowing
B．which one is the most convenient
C．which of the houses did you live in
D．which school it was you went to
8.—Judy, could you tell me ________ the schoolbag
—Oh, yes. I bought it in a store on the Internet.
A．where did you buy B．where you bought C．where you will buy
9.I wonder_________
A．when China sent the last Beidou Satellite（北斗卫星）.
B．when did China send the last Beidou Satellite.
C．when does China send the last Beidou Satellite.
10.I have some tickets for the football match. I called my friends to see___________.
A．where did they buy them
B．why they liked to go there
C．when did we go together
D．whether they’d like to go
11.—Excuse me, would you please tell me _________
—Certainly. It's about ten minutes' walk.
A．where is the nearest shop
B．how I can get to the nearest shop
C．how far the nearest shop is
D．how soon can I reach the nearest shop
12.—I wonder ________.
—Of course it is.
A．that mooncakes are delicious
B．whether June is a good time to visit Dandong
C．when the band starts playing this evening
D．if the bookstore opens today
13.—Wow, your dress is so beautiful. Could you tell me ________
—Oh, I bought it in an online store.
A．when you bought it
B．where you bought it
C．how much you spent on it
D．how long you have had it
14.—Could you please tell me ______
—Tomorrow morning.
A．when he calls me back
B．when does he call me back
C．when he will call me back
D．when will he call me back
15.Laura, someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ________, please.
A．who is he B．who it is C．who is it
参考答案
1.【答案】A
【解析】句意：警察问那个小男孩能否找到他的家。
考查宾语从句。he could find他能找到，陈述语序；could he find他能找到，疑问语序；he can find他能找到，陈述语序。分析句子结构可知此处是if引导的宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述语序，排除B，结合主句中“asked”可知主句用一般过去时，从句要用过去时态，排除C。故选A。
2.【答案】C
【解析】句意：你知道视频会议什么时候开始吗 ——明天上午九点。
考查宾语从句。问句是一个含宾语从句的复合句，宾语从句中从句语序应该为陈述句语序，因此排除B和D；根据答语“At 9 o'clock tomorrow morning.”可知询问的应该是将来的事，用一般将来时，选项A是一般过去时，故选C。
3.【答案】C
【解析】句意：英国广播公司的纪录片《杜甫：中国最伟大的诗人》解释了为什么杜甫的作品在几个世纪以来广受欢迎。
考查宾语从句引导词。when什么时候；whether是否；why为什么。根据句意指“为什么杜甫的作品在几个世纪以来广受欢迎”，所以应用引导词why，故选C。
4.【答案】A
【解析】句意：——你可以告诉我如何和外国人开始交谈吗？——谈论天气是个不错的选择。
考查疑问副词辨析。how如何；why为什么；where哪里；when何时。根据“Talking about weather is a good choice.”可知，上文问的是如何开场打开话题，结合选项，故选A。
5.【答案】C
【解析】句意：我们不确定明天是否有雨。
考查宾语从句和there be句型。if是否；whether是否；rains动词三单；rainy形容词；rain动词原形或不可数名词；raining动词现在分词。第一空引导宾语从句，表“是否”，句中有or not，只能用whether，排除AB；第二空是there be句型的主语，用名词，故选C。
6.【答案】D
【解析】句意：——刚才我们英语老师和你说什么？——他问我______。
考查宾语从句。asked me后面是宾语从句，用陈述句的语序，即从句引导词+主语+谓语动词，B和C选项的语序错误，排除B和C。根据“asked”可知主句是一般过去时态，从句时态要一致，用一般过去时态。A选项“am”是一般现在时，时态不符合，排除A。D选项“How I planned to go on vacation”我怎样计划去度假，语序和时态正确。故选D。
7.【答案】D
【解析】句意：我想知道你去的是哪个学校。
考查宾语从句。动词wondered后面是宾语从句，用陈述句的语序，即连接词+主语+谓语动词，A和C选项的语序错误，排除A和C。根据wondered可知句子是一般过去时，从句也应该时态一致是一般过去时态，B选项时态不符合。which school it was you went to表示“你去的是哪个学校”，从句的语序和时态都符合。故选D。
8.【答案】B
【解析】句意：——Judy，你能告诉我你在哪里买的书包吗？——哦，是的。我在网上的一家商店买的。
考查宾语从句。根据题干中“Could you tell me ”可知此处缺少宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述语序，排除A；主句是一般现在时，从句时态根据具体需要而定，结合题干中“I bought it in a store on the Internet.”可知是过去买的书包，从句用一般过去时，排除C。故选B。
9.【答案】A
【解析】句意：我想知道中国什么时候发射了最后一颗北斗卫星。
考查宾语从句。根据句子结构可知，该空引导的是宾语从句，作动词wonder的宾语，引导词都是when。宾语从句中应该用陈述语序，B和C两个选项都是疑问语序，故排除。故选A。
10.【答案】D
【解析】句意：我有一些足球赛的票，我打电话问我的朋友是否想去。
考查宾语从句。动词see后面是宾语从句，用陈述句的语序（引导词+主语+谓语动词），A和C选项语序错误。根据“I have some tickets for the football match. I called my friends to see”可知是打电话问是否他们愿意去，表达不确定，宾语从句用whether来引导。故选D。
11.【答案】C
【解析】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我最近的商店有多远吗？——当然，大约十分钟的路程。
考查宾语从句。where is the nearest shop最近的商店在哪里，是疑问语序；how I can get to the nearest shop我怎样去最近的商店；how far the nearest shop is最近的商店有多远；how soon can I reach the nearest shop我多快能到达最近的商店，是疑问语序。根据句子结构可知，这是一个宾语从句，从句中应用陈述语序，先排除A和D；根据下面的回答“It’s about ten minutes’ walk”可知，这里问的是距离，故选C。
12.【答案】B
【解析】句意：——我想知道是否六月份是游玩丹东的好时机。——当然是的。
考查宾语从句。wonder表示“想知道”，表达不确定，后面是宾语从句。根据“it is”可知宾语从句的主语和谓语是单数名词和be动词。A选项that mooncakes are delicious的引导词不符合。C和D选项与回答“it is” 不一致。B选项“whether June is a good time to visit Dandong” 六月份是否是游玩丹东的好时机，肯定回答用it is。故选B。
13.【答案】B
【解析】句意：——哇，你的裙子真漂亮。你能告诉我你在哪儿买的吗？——哦，我在一家网上商店买的。
考查宾语从句。when you bought it你什么时候买的它；where you bought it你在哪里买的它；how much you spent on it你花费多少钱买的它；how long you have had it你拥有它多久了。根据答句“Oh, I bought it in an online store.”讲到在网上商店买的，可推出是问在哪里买的，用where you bought it符合题意。故选B。
14.【答案】C
【解析】句意：——你可以告诉我他何时给我回电话吗？——明天早上。
考查宾语从句辨析。when he calls me back一般现在时，陈述语序；when does he call me back 一般现在时，疑问语序；when he will call me back 一般将来时，陈述语序；when will he call me back一般将来时，疑问语序。根据句子结构，此句是一个宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除B和D选项。根据答语Tomorrow morning，可知，此空要用一般将来时，所以空格处填when he will call me back。故选C。
15.【答案】B
【解析】句意：劳拉，有人正在按门铃。请去看看那是谁。
考查宾语从句辨析。who is he他是谁，疑问语序；who it is它是谁，陈述语序；who is it它是谁，疑问语序。根据句子结构，此空处是一个宾语从句，从句用陈述语序。根据someone is ringing the doorbell“有人正在按门铃”，可知，并不确定是谁在按门铃，所以此处要用代词it指代不知性别的人，故空格处填who it is。故选B。