中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
状语从句
考点一 状语从句引导词
分类 连接词 例句
时间状语从句 when/while/as, before,after,since, not...until,as soon as She was cooking when someone knocked at the door. I didn’t go to bed until she came back.
条件状语从句 if, as long as, unless They will have a picnic if it doesn’t rain next Sunday.
原因状语从句 because, since, as, for He didn’t catch the first bus because he got up too late.
目的状语从句 so that, in order that Please say it in a loud voice so that everyone can hear it.
结果状语从句 so...that..., such...that... It’s so hot that we want to go swimming. It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it away.
让步状语从句 though/although,even if/ even though,whatever, whenever... Although its raining hard, they are still working hard in the field.
考点二 状语从句-主从句时态
在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,主句和从句的时态一致问题一般有两种情况:
“主将从现”:主句用一般将来时,而从句用一般现在时。常见的使用“主将从现”原则的连词有:表示时间的when, after, before, until, as soon as,等;表示条件的if, unless, as long as等。
I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to Beijing.
“主祈从现”:若主句是祈使句,从句用一般现在时表示将来。
Be careful when you cross the road.
3. “主情从现”:若主句有情态动词, 从句用一般现在时表示将来。
You can get good grades if you study hard.
温馨提醒:
if引导条件状语从句和宾语从句辨析:if意为“如果”,引导条件状语从句,时态遵循主将从现。If意为“是否”,引导宾语从句。时态视语境而定。
条件状从:I’ll visit the Great Wall if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
宾语从句: He asked me if I had taken his soap.
I don't know he will come. If he comes,I will tell him about the story.
原因状语从句常用because,since,as, for引导。
(1)由why提出的问题用because来回答,语气最强,一般情况位于主句之后。
I did that because she told me to.
(2)如果状语从句所表示的原因是人们已知的事实,就要用since,而不用as或because。since在这里的意思是“既然”。位于句首。
Since you can’t answer the question,you can ask someone else for help.
as引导原因状语从句,位于句首或句末。
We all like her as she is kind.
for表并列,不表示直接原因,是附加理由,逗号隔开,不能放句首,只能放句末。
He didn't be afraid of snakes,for he is brave.
结果状语从句
(1)由so...that,such...that 引导,so...that与such...that的区别:
so +形容词或副词+ that +句子
such + a / an +形容词+可数名词单数+ that +句子
such +形容词+复数名词+ that +句子
such +形容词+不可数名词+ that +句子
so +形容词+ a / an +可数名词单数+ that+句子
当名词前面有many或much修饰时,用so而不用such。
She is such a lovely girl that we love her very much.
=She is so lovely a girl that we love her very much.
We have so much time that we can finish the work very well.
(2)“so... that+句子”句型的否定形式可用“too +adj +to do或not +adj+ enough to do”结构代替。
He is so young that he can’t go to school.
=He is too young to go to school.
=He is not old enough to go to school.
时间状语从句
(1) when引导的时间状语从句,通常表示主句和从句的动作同时发生;
before表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前;
after则表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后;
as引导时间状语从句时,往往表示主句和从句的动作同时发生,不分先后。
(2)until/till引导的时间状语从句。
①主句的谓语动词是延续性动词时,主句用肯定形式,表示这一动作或状态一直延续到until/till所表示的时间为止。
I’ll wait for you till you come to see me.我会一直等到你来看我。
②主句的谓语动词是非延续性动词时,用否定形式表示主句的动作直到until所表示的时间才发生。构成句式not...until。
I didn’t go to bed until I finished my homework.
(3)since引导的时间状语从句,表示“自从……以来”,主句用一般现在时或现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。
I have worked in this school since I graduated from Beijing University.
It is 10 years since I began to study English.
让步状语从句中although和but不能同时连用,可将but改为yet。
状语从句(1)
1.—I think I am the shyest in my class. What should I do
—Be more active in class, ________ you can improve your ability to express yourself.
A.so that B.unless C.or D.although
2. I waited _______ they finished talking.
A.until B.if C.because
3. ________ you keep moving, you'll never reach the top of the mountain.
A.If B.Although C.Unless
4. —Let's go camping if it_______ next Saturday.
—But nobody knows if it _________.
A.is fine; rains B.will be fine: rains C.is fine: will rain D.will be fine: will rain
5. Restaurants must stop offering free plastic bags in Beijing _______ customers ask for them.
A.since B.unless C.because
6. Would you please tell me about the plan ________ you made ________ your leave
A.who; after B.what; when C.which; while D.that; before
7. Even if we learn something well, we will forget it ________ we use it.
A.while B.until C.unless
8. Our English teacher is nice and patient she is very strict with us.
A.if B.as C.unless D.though
9. _______, you will get good grades.
A.If you will work hard B.If you work hard C.If you worked hard
10. You can surf the Internet _________ you want to know more about the 2020 World Middle School Games.
A.if B.although C.until
11. The movie Nezha is_______ educational ______ I want to see it again.
A.so; that B.such; that C.too; to
12. We still know little about the Moon ______ men have landed on it.
A.if B.since C.although D.because
13. I don’t like Sun Cinema ________ it has bad service.
A.because B.although C.unless D.until
14.—I'm afraid we can't work out the math problem________the teacher helps us.
—That's true. It's too difficult.
A.if B.unless C.because D.as soon as
15. The clever boy called 120 ____________ his mother fell down in the kitchen.
A.although B.as soon as C.as long as D.until
参考答案:
1.【答案】A
【解析】句意:——我觉得我是班上最害羞的。我该怎么办?——在课堂上更加活跃,以便你就可以提高你表达自己的能力。
考查so that引导的目的状语从句。so that以便,引导目的状语从句;unless除非,引导条件状语从句;or或者,表并列;although尽管,引导让步状语从句。分析句子可知,此处表示“在课堂上更加活跃,以便你就可以提高你表达自己的能力”,强调目的,故选A。
2.【答案】A
【解析】句意:我一直等到他们谈完了。
考查连词辨析。until直到……为止;if如果;because因为。根据题意“我等待着____他们谈完了”,结合选项可知此处是说一直等到他们谈完,用until符合题意。故选A。
3.【答案】C
【解析】句意:除非你一直保持前行,否则你决不会到达山的顶端。
考查连词。if如果;although尽管;unless除非。“you keep moving”表达的是条件,此处用unless引导条件状语从句,表示“除非,如果不”,相当于If you don’t keep moving。故选C。
4.【答案】C
【解析】句意:——如果下星期六天气好的话,我们去野营吧。——但没人知道会不会下雨。
考查时态。is fine好的,一般现在时;will be fine好,一般将来时;rains下雨,动词三单;will rain下雨,一般将来时;根据句意理解及句子结构分析可知,第一句中的if是引导的条件状语从句,表示“如果”,所以符合“主将从现”的用法,空格在从句中,所以应该用一般现在时,所以排除答案B/ D选项,而第二句中的if是引导的是宾语从句,表示“是否”,表示这个动作还没有发生,所以应该用一般将来时,故选C。
5.【答案】B
【解析】句意:北京的餐厅必须停止提供免费塑料袋,除非顾客要求。
考查连词辨析。since自从;unless除非;because因为。根据Restaurants must stop offering free plastic bags in Beijing及customers ask for them,可知,除非顾客主动要,否则北京的餐厅不可以提供免费塑料袋,后文表条件,所以空格处填引导条件状语从句的连词unless。故选B。
6.【答案】D
【解析】句意:你能在你离开之前给我讲讲你做的这个计划么?
考查定语从句和状语从句。who谁,指人;what什么,不引导定语从句;which哪一个,指物;that在定语从句中可以代替人或者物。先行词是plan,定语从句用which或者that来引导,which 或者that在定语从句中作宾语。after在……之后;when 当……时候;while当……时候;before在……之前。根据“your leave”可知第二空用before引导时间状语从句,表示“在你离开之前”。故选D。
7.【答案】C
【解析】句意:即使我们学得很好,除非我们使用它,否则我们也会忘记。
考查unless引导的条件状语从句。while当……时;until直到;unless除非。分析句子可知,此处表示“即使我们学得很好,除非我们使用它,否则我们也会忘记”的含义,是unless引导的条件状语从句,强调“除非”,其他两项语意不通。故选C。
8.【答案】D
【解析】句意:尽管我们的英语老师对我们很严格,但是她很好也很有耐心。
考查连词辨析。if如果;as由于;unless除非;though尽管。根据句意,前文Our English teacher is nice and patient“我们的英语老师很好也很有耐心”,后文she is very strict with us“她对我们很严格”,可知,后文表让步关系,尽管她很严格,但是她很好也很有耐心,所以空格处填though。故选D。
9.【答案】B
【解析】句意:如果你努力学习,你就会考到好成绩。
考查If引导的条件状语从句的用法。If you will work hard 一般将来时态;If you work hard 一般现在时态;If you worked hard 一般过去时态。If引导的条件状语从句,需遵循“主将从现”的用法,从句用一般现在时表示将来。故选B。
10.【答案】A
【解析】句意:如果你想知道更多关于2020年世界中学运动会的信息,你可以上网。
考查连词辨析。if如果,引导条件状语从句;although尽管,引导让步状语从句;until直到……为止,引导时间状语从句。空前讲“你可以上网”,空后讲“你想知道更多关于2020年世界中学运动会的信息”,空后是空前动作进行的条件,用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。
11.【答案】A
【解析】句意:《哪吒》这部电影是如此的有教育意义以至于我想再看一遍。
考查连词辨析。so…that和such…that都是“如此……以至于……”的意思,so后修饰形容词或副词,句型是so+形容词或副词+that从句;such后修饰名词,句型是:such a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that从句或such+形容词+可数名词复数或不可数名词+that从句;too…to这一结构意为“太……以至于不能……”,后面跟动词原形,题目中第二个空后是句子,因此C不对;第一个空后educational是形容词,应用so…that结构,故选A。
12.【答案】C
【解析】句意:虽然人类已经登上月球,但我们对月球仍然知之甚少。
考查连词。if如果;since自……以来;although虽然;because因为;根据句意理解及句中的still可知,这里表达的是“虽然”,故选C。
13.【答案】A
【解析】句意:我不喜欢太阳电影院,因为它的服务不好。
考查连词。because因为;although尽管;unless除非;until直到……才。根据句意及句子结构,空格后的句子是前面句子的原因,故空格处应填入表原因的连词because,引导原因状语从句,故选A。
14.【答案】B
【解析】句意:——如果老师不帮助我们,恐怕我们解不出这道数学题。——那是真的。它太难了。
考查连词辨析。if如果;是否;unless除非,如果不;because因为;as soon as一……就。根据句意“It’s too difficult”可知,这个数学题很难,因此这里表示“如果没有老师帮助,就不会……”,应用unless引导条件状语从句。故选B。
15.【答案】B
【解析】句意:妈妈一摔倒在厨房里,这个聪明的男孩就叫了120。
考查连词辨析。although尽管;as soon as一……就……;as long as只要;until直到。根据The clever boy called 120及his mother fell down in the kitchen,可知,男孩的妈妈一摔倒,他就叫了120,强调两个动作几乎同时发生,所以空格处填as soon as。故选B。
状语从句(2)
1.President Xi encourages all Chinese people to plant trees_________ our country can be greener and more beautiful.
A.so that B.as long as C.even though
2.Tom_________ when I called him yesterday.
A.read B.is reading C.was reading
3.They didn’t go home ________ they finished their work.
A.because B.where C.until D.while
4.We have ________ time that we can finish the work very well.
A.such much B.so many C.so much D.such many
5.She says that she'll have to close the restaurant ______ business improves.
A.if B.after C.unless D.when
6.— It’s said that Zhou Jielun will hold a concert next month in Xiangyang.
— I’m sure the fans will be happy _______ it’s true.
A.until B.although C.before D.if
7.I think the coffee beans are from Brazil, ________ I’m not completely sure.
A.because B.since C.though D.whether
8.—Labor(劳动)education is important for students' development.
—Yes. ________schools put it into practice, students will be more independent and helpful.
A.While B.Unless C.If
9.—Did you catch the first bus to school this morning
—No I didn’t. It had started moving ______I could get on it.
A.after B.since C.before D.as soon as
10.________ he is dead, Kobe Bryant’s spirit will continue to influence us.
A.If B.Until C.Because D.Although
11. We will cause less pollution _____________we can find ways to reuse or recycle more rubbish.
A. unless B. if C. though
12.________ the outbreak of COVID-19 is a terrible blow to the country, the government is trying hard to bring the situation under control.
A.Although B.If C.Unless
13.Millie’s research paper isn’t up to standard_________ she has worked at it for two weeks.
A.since B.unless C.if D.although
14. He was so tired that he fell asleep ___he went to bed.
A.as if B.even though
C.ever since D.as soon as
15.Miss Zhao is very helpful. She often helps us ____we are in trouble.
A.whether B.although C.whenever D.however
参考答案
1.【答案】A
【解析】句意:习主席鼓励所有中国人植树造林,以使我们的国家更绿、更美丽。
考查连词辨析。so that以便,为了,引导目的状语从句;as long as只要,引导条件状语从句;even though即使,引导让步状语从句。根据语境可知,习主席鼓励我们植树造林的目的是为了让我们的国家更加绿色、更加美丽,故空格后半句表目的,应用so that引导目的状语从句。故选A。
2.【答案】C
【解析】句意:昨天我给汤姆打电话时,他正在看书。
考查动词时态及时间状语从句。read一般过去时;is reading现在进行时;was reading过去进行时。本句为when引导的时间状语从句,结合语境可知,昨天我给汤姆打电话时,他正在看书,故从句动作发生时,主句动作正在进行,那么从句为一般过去时,主句应为过去进行时。故选C。
3.【答案】C
【解析】句意:他们直到完成工作才回家。
考查从属连词辨析。because因为;where在……的地方;until直到……;while当……时候,由否定形式“didn’t”和句意,可知本句用句型not…until,这种否定形式表达的意思是“直至某时才做某事”,即“直到完成工作才回家”,故选C。
4.【答案】C
【解析】句意:我们有如此多的时间以至于我们能很好地完成工作。
考查结果状语从句。so修饰形容词或副词,such修饰名词;many很多的,修饰可数名词;much很多的,修饰不可数名词。根据名词time,可知此处是so…that…表示“如此……以至于……”。time是不可数名词,用much修饰。故选C。
5.【答案】C
【解析】句意:她说,除非生意好转,否则她将不得不关闭餐厅。
考查从属连词。if 如果;after 在……之后;unless 除非;when 当……时候。根据 business improves和she'll have to close the restaurant可知“生意好转”与“她将不得不关闭餐厅。”是条件关系,应是“除非”。故选C。
6.【答案】D
【解析】句意:——据说周杰伦下个月在襄阳举办音乐会。——如果是真的,我确定粉丝会很开心。
考查连词。until直到;although尽管;before在……之前;if如果。此处表示条件“如果是真的”用连词if引导条件状语从句,故选D。
7.【答案】C
【解析】句意:我想咖啡豆是巴西产的,不过我不太确定。
考查连词。A. because因为;B. since因为、由于;C. though即使、不过;D. whether是否。根据句意可知,我想咖啡豆是巴西产的,不过我不太确定。C选项符合句意,故选C。
8.【答案】C
【解析】句意:——劳动教育对学生的发展很重要。——是的。如果学校把它付诸实践,学生将会更独立和乐于助人。
考查if引导的条件状语从句。While当……时;Unless除非;If如果。分析句子可知,此处表示“如果学校把它付诸实践,学生将会更独立和乐于助人”,强调“如果”,是if引导的条件状语从句。故选C。
9.【答案】C
【解析】句意:——今天早上你赶上第一班去学校的公共汽车了吗 ——不,我没有。我还没来得及上车,它就开始启动了。
考查连词辨析。after在……之后;since自从;before在……之前;as soon as一……就……。根据It had started moving ____I could get on it. 可知是我还没来得及上车,它就开始启动了;时态是过去完成时,动作是过去的过去,所以用before引导时间状语从句,故答案选C。
10.【答案】D
【解析】句意:虽然他已经死了,但科比·布莱恩特的精神会继续影响我们。
考查连词辨析。If 如果,表条件;Until直到,表时间;Because因为,表原因;Although尽管,表让步。根据语境可知,虽然科比已经去世,但他的精神会继续影响我们,故此处应用连词although置于句首表让步,意为“尽管,虽然”。故选D。
11.【答案】B
【解析】考查连词的辨析。句意:如果我们能找到再利用或回收更多垃圾的方法,我们将减少污染。unless“除非;如果不”;if“如果”;though“尽管”。根据句意判断选B。
12.【答案】A
【解析】句意:虽然新冠肺炎疫情的爆发对国家来说是一个沉重的打击,但是政府正在努力控制疫情。
考查从属连词辨析。Although虽然,引导让步状语从句;If如果,引导条件状语从句;Unless除非,引导条件状语从句。根据句意可知,“新冠肺炎疫情的爆发是对国家的沉重打击”和“政府正在努力控制疫情”之间是让步关系,故选A。
13.【答案】D
【解析】句意:米莉的研究论文没有达到标准,尽管她已经写了两个星期了。
考查连词。since自从;unless除非;if如果;although尽管。“she has worked at it for two weeks”她已经研究它两周了,表达让步,用连词although引导让步状语从句,故选D。
14.【答案】D
【解析】句意:他是如此的劳累,以至于一躺床上就睡着了。
考查状语从句。as if 好像;even though 即使;ever since 自从;as soon as 一……就……。根据句意及常识,很劳累的人一般是一躺床上就睡着了。故选D。
15.【答案】C
【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意“赵老师非常乐于助人。无论什么时候我们有麻烦,她经常帮我们。”A“是否”;B“尽管”;C“无论何时”;D“无论怎样;然而”。故选C。