重庆市初中英语仁爱版八年级下册语法----宾语从句（无答案）

【教学标题】八年级下册U7\8语法---宾语从句
【教学目标】
1、帮助学生理解什么是宾语从句
2、掌握宾语从句的结构
3、区分宾语从句的引导词，并掌握
4、掌握宾语从句的语序与时态
【教学重点】
1、宾语从句的结构：主句+连接词+从句
2、宾语从句的三类连接词：that、if或whether、连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how
3、宾语从句的语序：陈述语序（主语+谓语）
【教学难点】
1、只能用whether不用if 的三种情况：
① or not连用 ②介词之后 ③不定式之前
2、宾语从句的时态：（从真从现）、（主现从具）、（主过从过）
【教学内容】
宾语从句
定义：宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语。即在主句中做宾语成分的句子叫宾语从句。
【He said)】 that (he wanted to stay at home).
主语 谓语 连接词 宾语从句
结构：主句+连接词+从句
考点1 宾语从句的连接词
1. 由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，不做句子成分，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：
She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.
I am sure (that) he will succeed.
2. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”，不做句子成分。例如：
I want to know if (whether) he lives there.
He asked me whether (if) I could help him.
【特别注意】：只能用whether不用if 的三种情况
一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether：
① or not连用：
He asked me whether or not I was coming.
Let me know whether you can come or not.
② 介词之后：
It depends on whether it is going to rain.
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings
③ 不定式之前：
We haven’t decided whether to go there.
I don’t know whether to accept or refuse.
3. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for
He asked whose handwriting was the best.
Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is
I don’t know why the train is late.
考点2宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序（陈述语序：主语+谓语…）。例如：
I hear (that) physics isn’t easy.
I think (that) you will like this school soon.
Can you tell me how I can get to zoo
Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting.
【特别注意】当连接词做从句的主语时，不改变语序。
Could you tell who knows the answer, please
The small children don’t know what is in their stockings.
考点3宾语从句的时态
1. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。（从真从现）例如：
Our teacher said /that/ January is the first month of the year.
Scientists have proved /that/ the earth turns around the sun.
2. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。（主现从具）如：
I don’t think /(that)/ you are right.
Please tell us /where/ he is.
Can you tell me /how/ I can get to the railway station
3. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。（主过从过）例如：
He asked /what time/ it was.
He told me /that/ he was preparing for the sports meet.
He asked /if/ you had written to Peter.
He said /that/ he would go back to the USA soon.
考点4 句型转换（同义句）
4.1 宾语从句与简单句互换
①陈述句用连接词that
【例】My sister said, “The earth travels round the sun.”
My sister said that ______________________________.
②一般疑问用if或whether
【例】She asked, “Are you going to plant trees with us ”
She asked ____________________________________.
③特殊疑问用特殊疑问词连接
【例】They asked, “Where is the post office ”
They asked ___________________________________.
【过手练习】
1. Does Mr. Brown enjoy living in China Could you tell us （改写句子）
→Could you tell us _________ Mr. Brown _________ living in China
2. "Does the girl need any help ” he asked me.（变为复合句）
→He asked me _________ the girl _________ some help．
3. When does the train leave I want to know.（改为含宾语从句的复合句）
→I want to know _________ the train _________.
4. Did Peter come here yesterday Li Lei wants to know. (改为含宾语从句的复合句)
Li Lei wants to know _________ Peter _________ here yesterday.
5. He said, “I will give you a present.” （改为含宾语从句的复合句）
He said _____________________________________.
4.2 宾语从句与疑问词+to do 互换
I don’t know what I should do next.
=I don’t know what to do next. 我不知道下一步该做什么。
Will you please show me how you can use it
=Will you please show me how to use it 请你给我示范一下怎样使用它好吗？
【特别注意】
如果主句中的主语与宾语从句中的主语一致时，宾语从句（由疑问词引导）通常可以与“疑问词+不定式”互相转换。
如：I don’t know what I should do.=I don’t know what to do.
如果不一致就不能转换。I want to know what Mary will do.(不能说:I want to know what to do.)
【综合练习】
1. Do you know _______ during the coming summer holiday
A. what will Tom do B. what did Tom do
C. what Tom will do D. what Tom did
2. I want to know_________.
A. what is his name B. what’s his name
C. that his name is D. what his name is
3. Do you know ________ I could pass the exam
A. that B. whether C. what D. which
4. Jim doesn’t understand ____________.
A. which is the way to the museum
B. why his wife always goes shopping
C. what is the way to the museum
D. why does she always go shopping
5. ---Could you tell me ______ she is looking for
A. that B. whose C. who D. which
6. Mr. King didn’t know _______ yesterday evening.
A. when does his son come home
B. when his son comes home
C. when did his son come home
D. when his son came home
7. Could you tell me _______ the bike this morning
A. how does he mend B. how he mends
C. how he mended D. how did he mend
8. ---I’m waiting for the mail. Do you know ________ it will arrive
---Usually it comes by 4: 00.
A. how B. where C. when D. what
9. ---Excuse me, would you please tell me ________
---Certainly. Go straight along here. It’s next to a hospital.
A. how we can get to the post office
B. how can we get to the post office
C. how get to the post office
D. how could we get to the post office
10. ---Can I help you
---Yes. I’d like a ticket to Mount Emei. Can you tell me ______ take to get there
A. how soon will it B. how soon it will
C. how long it will D. how long will it
【课后练习】（建议用时：25分钟，总分40分）
一、根据句意完成句子。（每题2分，共30分）
1. 那是最令人激动的电影之一。
It is _______ of the ______________ _____________ __________________.
2. 她昨天没有买到电影票。
She ___________ buy the ticket ____________ the movie yesterday.
3. 我想邀请你去看电影。
I want __________ _____________ you ___________ _________ the movie.
4. 书包里面装满了书。
The bag _______________________ books.
5. 因为生病她没有来上学。
She was away from school _____________ her illness.
6. 青少年喜欢流行音乐。
Pop music ___________________ teenagers.
7. 因为要去看电影，他们感到很激动。
They felt _____________ ______________ they would go to the movies.
8. 他根本就不喜欢京剧。
He __________ like Beijing Opera ___________ ____________.
9. 我们应该为晚会准备一些饮料。
We should __________________ some drinks _______________ the party.
10. 她对自己要求很严格。
She 　　　 　 very herself.
11. 因为她没有可交谈的朋友，所以她感到很孤独。
She feels very she has no friends to talk with
12. 我英语考试考得很差。
I did _____________ ____________ the English exam.
13. 谢谢你告诉我。
Thank you ______________ _____________ me.
14. 我想我应该和她谈谈。
I think I should ____________ a __________ ____________ her.
15. It seems that Mary goes to work early.（变为同义句）
Mary ______________________________ to work early.
二、将下列两个句子合并成一个含有宾语从句的复合句。（每题2分，共10分）
(1)Would the customer like a cup of tea The waiter wants to know.
(2)What time does the ship leave Could you tell me
(3)When will the train leave Do you know
(4)Where are you going hiking They want to know
Who took away my pen Please tell me.