外研版 选修6 Module 3 Interpersonal Relationships -- Friendship 语法讲解：状语从句和状语的转换教案

语法讲解：状语从句和状语的转换
状语从句主语和从句一致时，转换为分词短语。
After he turned off the recorder , he went out of the room .
Having turned off the recorder , he went out of the room .
When the city is seen from the mountain , it looks much more beautiful
Seen from the mountain , it looks much more beautiful.
状语从句主句和从句不一致，转换为独立主格结构。
If weather permits , we’ll have the meeting in the open air .
(With) Weather permitting, we’ll have the meeting in the open air
状语从句转换为介词短语：
由after/before/ since/ as soon as等引导的时间状语从句，可改为after/before/ since/on+动名词短语结构。当主从句主语不一致，可使用动名词的复合结构
Before he dived into the lake , he made a deep breath . Before diving into the lake , he made a deep breath .
He stood in the front of the classroom in order that he could see the picture clearly .
He stood in the front of the classroom in order to (so as to /to ) see the picture clearly .
doing 和to do 都具备名词的功能，在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等，区别如下：
doing表示状态、性质、经常性； to do表示具体的、一次性的、将发生的动作。
以下动词后，只能跟不定式做宾语：
agree, ask, aim, arrange, choose,
decide, demand, expect, fail, help,
learn, long, manage, offer, plan,
prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, wish
以下动词后，只能跟-ing做宾语：
admit, appreciate, consider, delay,
enjoy, finish, keep, imagine, mind,
miss, practice, resist, risk, save,
suggest, don't mind, give up,
insist on, put off
在下列一些动词后，即可接doing形式也可接to do形式，但意义有所不同：
在need, require, want后接-ing形式，表示被动意义,也可接to be done;
hate, love, like接不定式表示特定的未来事件,接-ing形式表示目前正在进行的活动或一般的行为
在下列情况下，一般要用不定式：
1）hate, like, love前有 would/should
时
2）当谓语动词begin, continue, start
等是进行式时
3）begin, continue, start与know,
understand等状态动词连用时
forget, remember, regret to do
表示现在或未来的动作；
forget, remember, regret doing
表示动作已经发生。
mean to do表示打算、想要做；
mean doing表示意味着。
go on to do
表示做不同的事或不同内容的事；
go on doing
表示继续不停的作某事。
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