外研版选修6 Module5 Cloning Vocabulary and Reading优教精品课件(47张ppt)

(共47张PPT)
Module 5
Cloning
Learning aims
1 To master new words, phrases
and helpful expressions
2 To collect more information about the DNA
3 To learn to express individual different opinions about cloning
Warming up
1.What is cloning
2.How can we clone something
Free talk
Warming up
What animals have been cloned
Dolly
First cloned mule
Cloned dogs
Warming up
Cloning
First cloned horse
First cloned cat
Warming up
--Cloning and DNA
Vocabulary and Reading
acid
bacteria
embryo
enzyme
tissue
organism
stem cell
upbringing
genetic
adj.酸（性）的
n.细菌
n.胚胎
n.酶
n.(生理)组织
n.有机体
干细胞
n.抚育，养育
adj.基因的，遗传的
Words and Expressions
Warming up
make-up
genetics
transparent
twisting
fundamental
component
pea
procedure
unzip
n.构成，构造
n.遗传学
adj.透明的
adj.扭曲的，弯曲的
adj.基本的，重要的
n.成分
n.豌豆
n.程序
v.解开
Words and Expressions
Warming up
a sequence of
insert
(be) identical to
controversial
valid
optional
reproduce
exceptional
contradictory
一系列的
v.植入，插入
和……一样/一致
adj.有争议的
adj.有效的
adj.可选择的
v.复制，使再现
adj.特别的，非凡的
adj.相反的，对立的
Words and Expressions
Warming up
vice
virtue
flexible
compulsory
regulation
handy
resist
sow
rot
pest
n.缺点，弱点
n.优点，善行
adj.易适应的
adj.强制的，强迫的
n.法规，条例
adj.方便的，便利的
v.抵抗
v.播种
n.腐败病，腐蚀病
n.害虫
Words and Expressions
Warming up
rely on
biodiversity
breed
analyse
suspect
saliva
spit
fingernail
code
as follows
依靠，依赖
n.生物多样性
n.（动植物的）品种
v.分析
n.嫌疑人
n.唾液，口水
v.吐出(唾液)
n.手指甲
n.法规，法则
如下
Words and Expressions
Warming up
Read these words and decide which ones you’re likely to see in the passage.
acid bacteria embryos enzyme experience gene human tissue organism plant psychological stem cell structure upbringing
Fast reading
Fast reading
克隆示意图
DNA
the fundamental component of life
Fast reading
a stem cell
a cell that can develop into every other type of cell
Fast reading
the particular genes that give a person their physical characteristics
the genetic make-up of a person or a plant
Fast reading
bacteria
very small organisms that cause diseases
Fast reading
an enzyme
chemicals formed in the body
Fast reading
a clone
an organism which is genetically identical to another
Fast reading
Para. 1
Paras 2&3
Paras 4-8
When the structure of DNA was discovered.
How to clone something.
The possible reasons and disadvantages of cloning.
Fast reading
1
Summary the main idea.
1. who discovered the structure of DNA When
2. What did Mendel understand in 1866 ？
1953
Watson and Crick
He understood that both the parent plants had
influenced the genetic make-up of the new plant.
Para 1
Careful reading
2
Answer the questions.
解码DNA
截取一段序列的基因
把它们插入宿主细胞
Unzip the DNA
Cut out a sequence of genes
Insert them into the host cell
How can we clone something
Cloning takes the DNA from a single cell to create a whole individual.
.
3
Find the expressions in Para 2&3.
.
Careful reading
.
正当的理由
可供选择的治疗方法
未知的心理压力
选择人生道路
拥有新的缺点
原有的美德
valid reasons
an optional treatment
unknown psychological pressure
choose a path in life
possess new vices
existing virtues
Find the expressions in Para 4&5.
.
5
Careful reading
.
recover from a disease
修复人体组织
一只优选奶牛
rely on
限制生物品种的
多样性
at a crime scene
repair human tissue
a price cow
依靠，依赖
restrict the biodiversity
of the breed
在犯罪现场
从疾病中康复
Find the expressions in Para 6-8.
.
6
Careful reading
Valid reasons (advantages) Disadvantages
As an optional treatment for couples who find it difficult to have children
A clone would be under unknown psychological pressure
reproduce the talents of exceptional people
A clone may possess new vices instead of existing virtues
Fill in the blanks.
7
Careful reading
Valid reasons (advantages) Disadvantages
To obtain a supply of stem cells
Embryos made from clones would be wasted which some people would find unacceptable.
To help farmers grow resistant crops.
To rely on a few cloned animals or crops would restrict biodiversity
.
7
Fill in the blanks.
Careful reading
1. The science of genetics was discovered by___.
(a) Mendel
(b) Watson and Crick
(c) Cohen and Boyer
(d) Einstein
8
Choose the best answers.
Careful reading
2. Cloning humans from their parents has the disadvantage that___.
a. it is treatment for couples who want children
b. it could create an exceptional human being
c. we cannot predict the psychological effects
d. the clone may not lead the same life
Careful reading
3. Stem cells can be used to___.
(a) develop into enzymes
(b) create prize winning animals
(c) solve crimes
(d) help people recover their good health
Careful reading
4. Clones of exceptional humans beings __.
(a) would be under unknown psychological pressure
(b) would have different experiences and upbringing from ordinary people
(c) would allow us to bring Einstein back to life
(d) may have different characteristics from the original
Careful reading
5. If we can be sure that the embryo will not be wasted,__.
(a) cloning to obtain stem cells would be acceptable to many people
(b) stem cells could develop into every other type of cell in the body
(c) cloning would need to be controlled by a voluntary code of practice or government regulations
(d) cloning can be used to create animals and crops
Careful reading
8
2. A pattern of chemicals within the cell of a living thing that controls what it is like
According to the definition, find the proper words.
Words revision:
thin enough to be seen through
gene
transparent
Careful reading
3. The same or exactly alike
4. Be likely to cause argument or disagreement
5. Can be chosen freely
6. Bad habit or personal quality
7. Can change or be changed to adapt to new needs
identical
controversial
optional
vice
flexible
Careful reading
8. Put into force by orders or by the law
9. Useful or simple to use
10. The natural watery liquid produced in the mouth
compulsory
handy
saliva
Careful reading
It’s certainly true that in 1953, two scientists discovered the structure of the acid DNA.
It was in 1866 that Mendel first recorded the results of growing pea plants.
Key sentences:
3. He discovered a procedure to use enzymes to unzip the DNA and cut out a sequence of genes.
4. A clone is an organism which is genetically identical to another one.
After-reading
5. A prize cow which resist bacteria or disease, or to sow a cloned crop which can resist rot or pests.
6. To rely on a few cloned animals or crops would restrict the biodiversity of the breed.
After-reading
Fill in the blanks according to the text.
1 ______________________（确实）in 1953, Watson
and Crick discovered the structure of the acid DNA.
2 _______________________ (但是现在确定的是) no
clone is an exact copy because of differences in
experiences and upbringing.
3 ____________________（就是在1866年） Mendel
first recorded the results of growing pea plants.
It’s certainly true that
But it’s now certain that
It was in 1866 that
After-reading
4 ___________________（很明显的是） some
voluntary code of practice among scientists has to
be agreed. _______,(否则) compulsory government regulations will have to control cloning.
5___________________________________________ (仅仅依赖少数克隆的动植物) would restrict the biodiversity of the breed.
What is clear is that
If not
But to rely on a few cloned animals or crops
After-reading
Exercises (达标练习)
1 It is the ability to do the job _______ matters not
where you come from or what you are.
A one B that C what D it
2 It’s on the festival occasions ________ the family
get together _______ he misses his late father.
A where, that B which, when
C when, that D that, when
After reading
3 Seeing the toy, she couldn’t resist _________ to
touch it.
A being reached out B reaching out
C to reach out D reach out
4 As we know, adults are not _________; they do not move comfortably to another place.
A flexible B intelligent
C reliable D convenient
After-reading
Do you think the advantages of cloning are greater than the disadvantages
What’s the most interesting use of cloning described in the passage
If there were no disadvantages in cloning, which exceptional person would you like to clone Can you say why
Discussion
After-reading
Role-play
After-reading
Writing
1 Make notes of arguments for and against cloning you discussed above.
2 Decide whether you are for or against cloning after your listening and reading. Try to think of some arguments of your own.
After-reading
For cloning:
Cloning will be beneficial to human beings.
Cloning is a way of helping nature.
Clone animals that are becoming extinct.
After-reading
Notes
Against cloning:
Cloning is wrong and against nature.
Cloning treats animals and people as things, as products.
People are afraid that scientists will create thousands of copies of the same person.
Surf the Internet to find more information about cloning and write a composition :
My View on Cloning
Tips
You can write as follows:
1. Are you for or against cloning
2. Give your reasons. Use these words:
“firstly… secondly… lastly”
3. Give examples to support your idea.
You can see the example on P 66