外研版选修7Module 2 Highlights of My Senior Year主语从句与表语从句精讲精练学案（含答案）
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名师语法：主语从句与表语从句精讲精练
观察下列从Reading and Vocabulary(1) 中选取的句子，体会表语从句和主语从句的用法。
①It's a good thing that the exams are finished.
②It's well known that Americans are competitive，and I did enjoy it whenever I won our races.
③For an American girl，it's so important that you have a good time at the prom.
④It's a great pity that it's probably the last time this will happen.
⑤But the big surprise of the evening was when I was elected prom queen!
[自我总结]
①、②、③、④题都是that引导的________，⑤题是when引导的________。
【答案】 主语从句 表语从句
主语从句与表语从句
Ⅰ.主语从句
主语从句即在复合句中充当主语的从句。
1．引导主语从句的连词
引导主语从句的词 例 句
连词：that, whether Whether he will come is not known.不知道他是否会来。
连接代词：what, who, which, whose, whoever, whatever, whichever等 What we need is more practice.我们需要的是更多的练习。Whoever made the mistake should be responsible for it.无论谁犯了这个错误，都应为此负责。
连接副词when, where, how, why等 Why he didn't come wasn't clear.他为什么不来还不清楚。
【提示】 (1)that和whether在主语从句中不作成分；that无实意，但一般不省略；whether作“是否”之意。
(2)连接代词在从句中起名词的作用，作主语、宾语、表语、定语等；连接副词，在从句中起副词的作用，作状语。
2．主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。该类句型有：
(1)It＋be＋形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)＋that从句。
It is certain that the film After Shock was a success.
毫无疑问电影《唐山大地震》是一部成功的影片。
【提示】 当形容词为necessary, important, strange, natural等时，从句常用(should)＋动词原形形式。
(2)It＋be＋名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)＋that从句。
It's no surprise that our team should have won the game.我们赢得这场比赛并不意外。
(3)It＋be＋过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected，decided，announced，arranged, etc.)＋that从句。
It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing.
据说格林先生已经到了北京。
【提示】 当过去分词为suggested, advised, ordered, requested, insisted, required等表“命令，建议，要求”等意义的词时，that从句中应用“should＋动词原形”，should可省略。
(4)It＋seems/ happens等不及物动词及短语＋that从句。
It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all.
Alice似乎根本不会来参加晚会。
(5)It＋doesn't matter (makes no difference, etc.)＋连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。
It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.我们在哪里开会毫无区别。
3．注意连接代词whoever, whatever, whichever等引导主语从句的含义。
Whoever comes will be welcome.(whoever＝the person who任何人来都将受到欢迎。
Whichever of you comes in will receive a prize.(whichever＝anyone of you who)
你们当中不论哪个进来都将会得到奖励。
Ⅱ.表语从句
表语从句即放在连系动词之后，充当表语的从句。
1．引导表语从句的连词
引导表语从句的词 例 句
连词：that, whether The problem is whether we can find them.问题是我们是否能找到他们。
连接代词：what, who, which, whose等 That's what we should do.那是我们应该做的。My puzzle is who damaged the car.我的困惑是谁毁坏了车。
连接副词：when，where，how，why等 This is where I don't agree with you.这就是我不同意你的地方。The question is how we can get in touch with him.问题是我们怎样与他取得联系。
其他连词：because，as if/as though He looked as though/as if he was ill.他好像生病了。This is because all men are equal.这是因为所有人都是平等的。
【提示】 (1)that和whether在表语从句中不作成分；that无实意，但一般不省略；whether作“是否”之意，此时一般不用if替代。
(2)连接代词和连接副词一般都表示疑问，但what, when, where等连接词有两种含义，一种表示疑问，一种表示陈述，相当于the thing that，the time when，the place where等。
2．系动词(be，look，seem，sound，appear，taste，feel，remain etc.)＋表语从句
The question remains whether they will be able to help us.问题还是他们能否帮我们。
At that time, it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word.
当时，我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。
3．表语从句中应注意的问题
(1)that, which与what引导的表语从句
that引导表语从句时，是连词，在从句中不作成分；which与what都是连接代词，引导表语从句时，都可以在从句中作主语、宾语、表语与定语，但意思不同。前者表示“哪一个”，后者表示“……的事情、地方或一切”。
This was what he told me. (what在从句中作宾语)
这就是他告诉我的事情。
My belief is that I will succeed by working hard. (that只是引导表语从句，在从句中不作成分)
我相信通过努力我会成功的。
The problem is which school will be chosen.(which在从句中作定语)问题是哪一所学校将被选中。
(2)because与why引导的表语从句
because 引导表语从句时，表示“因为”，why引导表语从句时，表示“……的原因”，相当于the reason why。
She often comes late. That's because she has a baby to take care of.
她经常迟到。那是因为她有一个孩子要照顾。
She has a baby to take care of. That's why she often comes late.
她有一个孩子要照顾。那就是她经常迟到的原因。
(3)使用虚拟语气的表语从句。
①在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句中，谓语动词需用“should＋动词原形”表示，should可省略。常见的词有：advice, suggestion, order, proposal, plan, idea, request, requirement等。
My suggestion is that we(should) have a discussion about this matter instead of just laying it aside.
我的建议是我们应当讨论一下这个问题，而不应该把它放在一边。
②as if/as though引导的表语从句常置于系动词look, seem, sound, be, become等后面，常用虚拟语气，即形式常用过去式的某种时态。
The elephant feels as if/though it were a wall.
大象摸起来像一堵墙。
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2012·湖南高考)Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesn't matter ________ you have lived there for a short or a long time.
A．why B．how C．whether D．when
【解析】 考查名词性从句。句意：村子里的每个人都很友好。无论你在那里住的时间很短还是住了很长一段时间都没关系。C项whether是否，符合句意。A项why为什么；B项how如何，怎么样；D项when什么时候。
【答案】 C
2．(2012·安徽高考)The limits of a person's intelligence，generally speaking，are fixed at birth，but ________ he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.
A．where B．whether C．that D．why
【解析】 考查名词性从句。句意：一般说来，人的智力极限在刚出生时就决定了，但是能否达到极限取决于环境。根据句子结构可知，本题是考查主语从句的引导词，A项是副词表示地点；B项是连词表示“是否”，符合题意；C项引导主语从句时本身没有意义，也不作句子成分，但是不能省略；D项是副词表示原因。
【答案】 B
3．(2012·新课标全国卷)It is by no means clear________ the president can do to end the strike.
A．how B．which C．that D．what
【解析】 考查名词性从句。句意：总统会采取什么措施来结束这次罢工还不清楚。根据句子结构可以判断此处it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句。从句中do后面缺少宾语，这样可先排除A、C两项。how是副词，不能作宾语，that在名词性从句中不作成分。根据句意可知which(哪一个)放在此处不合适。故选D。
【答案】 D
4．(2013·北京高考)________ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.
A．That B．What
C．Who D．Which
【解析】 考查名词性从句。此题题干部分is为系动词，the creative imagination of the writer为表语，故is之前为主语从句。从句中缺少主语指事物，故填what。句意：使得这本书如此不同寻常的是作者富于创造的想象力。
【答案】 B
5．(2013·江西高考)________one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.
A．Whoever B．Whatever
C．Whichever D．Wherever
【解析】 考查名词性从句。主句谓语为will have to pay，之前为主语从句，根据句意，无论你们其中哪个人弄坏窗子都得为之赔偿。whichever“无论哪一个”，故选C。
【答案】 C
6．(2013·陕西高考)It remains to be seen________the newly formed committee's policy can be put into practice.
A．that B．which
C．what D．whether
【解析】 考查名词性从句。题干中it作形式主语，真正主语为横线后的主语从句。判断主语从句中不缺少主干成分，因此排除代词B、C两项：“有待被观察”的事情应是不确定的事而不是表陈述，即排除表陈述的that应用whether表“是否”。
【答案】 D
7．(2013·四川高考)________you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.
A．When B．How
C．What D．That
【解析】 考查名词性从句。此句谓语动词为describes，之前的部分即为主语从句。主语从句中缺少谓语said的宾语，故选用代词what作said的宾语引导主语从句；that在名词性从句中不做成分，只表陈述的语气；而when和how为副词，不能做主干成分。
【答案】 C
8．(2013·天津高考)________ I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.
A．That B．Which
C．Whether D．What
【解析】 考查名词性从句。主句谓语为is，之前为主语从句，从句中缺少动词tell的直接宾语，指事物，故填what；而which意为“哪一个”，that，whether均不做成分。
【答案】 D
9．(2013·安徽高考)From space，the earth looks blue.This is ________ about seventy one percent of its surface is covered by water.
A．why B．how
C．because D．whether
【解析】 考查名词性从句。此处考查表语从句。句意：地球看起来是蓝色的。这是因为其表面71%是被水覆盖的。
【答案】 C
10．(2012·山东高考)It doesn't matter ________ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.
A．how B．whether
C．what D．why
【解析】 句意：在这家商店里，无论你用现金支付还是用信用卡支付都无关紧要。由It doesn't matter “没关系”可知后面的意思应该是“无论(不管)……还是……”，又根据题干中的关键词or就很容易确定选B项，构成固定搭配whether...or...。how 如何；what 什么；why 为什么，均不符合句意。
【答案】 B
Ⅱ.在下列句子的空白处填上适当的连词
1．But ____________ she was really interested in was playing computer games.
2．This is ____________ we will discuss at the conference to be held tomorrow.
3．____ we should improve the living standard of the farmers remains a problem.
4．____________ the football match will be put off is certain now.
5．______ we shall hold the sports meeting will be discussed at today's meeting.
6．____________ you will win the medal seems unlikely.
7．The fact is ___________ they are angry with each other.
8．____________ goes against the tide of history will come to no good end.
9．The question is ____________ it is true or not.
10．The trouble is ____________ he has never done the work before.
【答案】 1.what 2.what 3.How 4.That 5.When/Where 6.That 7.that 8.Whoever 9.whether 10.that
1 / 7
观察下列从Reading and Vocabulary(1) 中选取的句子，体会表语从句和主语从句的用法。
①It's a good thing that the exams are finished.
②It's well known that Americans are competitive，and I did enjoy it whenever I won our races.
③For an American girl，it's so important that you have a good time at the prom.
④It's a great pity that it's probably the last time this will happen.
⑤But the big surprise of the evening was when I was elected prom queen!
[自我总结]
①、②、③、④题都是that引导的________，⑤题是when引导的________。
【答案】 主语从句 表语从句
主语从句与表语从句
Ⅰ.主语从句
主语从句即在复合句中充当主语的从句。
1．引导主语从句的连词
引导主语从句的词 例 句
连词：that, whether Whether he will come is not known.不知道他是否会来。
连接代词：what, who, which, whose, whoever, whatever, whichever等 What we need is more practice.我们需要的是更多的练习。Whoever made the mistake should be responsible for it.无论谁犯了这个错误，都应为此负责。
连接副词when, where, how, why等 Why he didn't come wasn't clear.他为什么不来还不清楚。
【提示】 (1)that和whether在主语从句中不作成分；that无实意，但一般不省略；whether作“是否”之意。
(2)连接代词在从句中起名词的作用，作主语、宾语、表语、定语等；连接副词，在从句中起副词的作用，作状语。
2．主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。该类句型有：
(1)It＋be＋形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)＋that从句。
It is certain that the film After Shock was a success.
毫无疑问电影《唐山大地震》是一部成功的影片。
【提示】 当形容词为necessary, important, strange, natural等时，从句常用(should)＋动词原形形式。
(2)It＋be＋名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)＋that从句。
It's no surprise that our team should have won the game.我们赢得这场比赛并不意外。
(3)It＋be＋过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected，decided，announced，arranged, etc.)＋that从句。
It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing.
据说格林先生已经到了北京。
【提示】 当过去分词为suggested, advised, ordered, requested, insisted, required等表“命令，建议，要求”等意义的词时，that从句中应用“should＋动词原形”，should可省略。
(4)It＋seems/ happens等不及物动词及短语＋that从句。
It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all.
Alice似乎根本不会来参加晚会。
(5)It＋doesn't matter (makes no difference, etc.)＋连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。
It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.我们在哪里开会毫无区别。
3．注意连接代词whoever, whatever, whichever等引导主语从句的含义。
Whoever comes will be welcome.(whoever＝the person who任何人来都将受到欢迎。
Whichever of you comes in will receive a prize.(whichever＝anyone of you who)
你们当中不论哪个进来都将会得到奖励。
Ⅱ.表语从句
表语从句即放在连系动词之后，充当表语的从句。
1．引导表语从句的连词
引导表语从句的词 例 句
连词：that, whether The problem is whether we can find them.问题是我们是否能找到他们。
连接代词：what, who, which, whose等 That's what we should do.那是我们应该做的。My puzzle is who damaged the car.我的困惑是谁毁坏了车。
连接副词：when，where，how，why等 This is where I don't agree with you.这就是我不同意你的地方。The question is how we can get in touch with him.问题是我们怎样与他取得联系。
其他连词：because，as if/as though He looked as though/as if he was ill.他好像生病了。This is because all men are equal.这是因为所有人都是平等的。
【提示】 (1)that和whether在表语从句中不作成分；that无实意，但一般不省略；whether作“是否”之意，此时一般不用if替代。
(2)连接代词和连接副词一般都表示疑问，但what, when, where等连接词有两种含义，一种表示疑问，一种表示陈述，相当于the thing that，the time when，the place where等。
2．系动词(be，look，seem，sound，appear，taste，feel，remain etc.)＋表语从句
The question remains whether they will be able to help us.问题还是他们能否帮我们。
At that time, it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word.
当时，我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。
3．表语从句中应注意的问题
(1)that, which与what引导的表语从句
that引导表语从句时，是连词，在从句中不作成分；which与what都是连接代词，引导表语从句时，都可以在从句中作主语、宾语、表语与定语，但意思不同。前者表示“哪一个”，后者表示“……的事情、地方或一切”。
This was what he told me. (what在从句中作宾语)
这就是他告诉我的事情。
My belief is that I will succeed by working hard. (that只是引导表语从句，在从句中不作成分)
我相信通过努力我会成功的。
The problem is which school will be chosen.(which在从句中作定语)问题是哪一所学校将被选中。
(2)because与why引导的表语从句
because 引导表语从句时，表示“因为”，why引导表语从句时，表示“……的原因”，相当于the reason why。
She often comes late. That's because she has a baby to take care of.
她经常迟到。那是因为她有一个孩子要照顾。
She has a baby to take care of. That's why she often comes late.
她有一个孩子要照顾。那就是她经常迟到的原因。
(3)使用虚拟语气的表语从句。
①在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句中，谓语动词需用“should＋动词原形”表示，should可省略。常见的词有：advice, suggestion, order, proposal, plan, idea, request, requirement等。
My suggestion is that we(should) have a discussion about this matter instead of just laying it aside.
我的建议是我们应当讨论一下这个问题，而不应该把它放在一边。
②as if/as though引导的表语从句常置于系动词look, seem, sound, be, become等后面，常用虚拟语气，即形式常用过去式的某种时态。
The elephant feels as if/though it were a wall.
大象摸起来像一堵墙。
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2012·湖南高考)Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesn't matter ________ you have lived there for a short or a long time.
A．why B．how C．whether D．when
【解析】 考查名词性从句。句意：村子里的每个人都很友好。无论你在那里住的时间很短还是住了很长一段时间都没关系。C项whether是否，符合句意。A项why为什么；B项how如何，怎么样；D项when什么时候。
【答案】 C
2．(2012·安徽高考)The limits of a person's intelligence，generally speaking，are fixed at birth，but ________ he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.
A．where B．whether C．that D．why
【解析】 考查名词性从句。句意：一般说来，人的智力极限在刚出生时就决定了，但是能否达到极限取决于环境。根据句子结构可知，本题是考查主语从句的引导词，A项是副词表示地点；B项是连词表示“是否”，符合题意；C项引导主语从句时本身没有意义，也不作句子成分，但是不能省略；D项是副词表示原因。
【答案】 B
3．(2012·新课标全国卷)It is by no means clear________ the president can do to end the strike.
A．how B．which C．that D．what
【解析】 考查名词性从句。句意：总统会采取什么措施来结束这次罢工还不清楚。根据句子结构可以判断此处it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句。从句中do后面缺少宾语，这样可先排除A、C两项。how是副词，不能作宾语，that在名词性从句中不作成分。根据句意可知which(哪一个)放在此处不合适。故选D。
【答案】 D
4．(2013·北京高考)________ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.
A．That B．What
C．Who D．Which
【解析】 考查名词性从句。此题题干部分is为系动词，the creative imagination of the writer为表语，故is之前为主语从句。从句中缺少主语指事物，故填what。句意：使得这本书如此不同寻常的是作者富于创造的想象力。
【答案】 B
5．(2013·江西高考)________one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.
A．Whoever B．Whatever
C．Whichever D．Wherever
【解析】 考查名词性从句。主句谓语为will have to pay，之前为主语从句，根据句意，无论你们其中哪个人弄坏窗子都得为之赔偿。whichever“无论哪一个”，故选C。
【答案】 C
6．(2013·陕西高考)It remains to be seen________the newly formed committee's policy can be put into practice.
A．that B．which
C．what D．whether
【解析】 考查名词性从句。题干中it作形式主语，真正主语为横线后的主语从句。判断主语从句中不缺少主干成分，因此排除代词B、C两项：“有待被观察”的事情应是不确定的事而不是表陈述，即排除表陈述的that应用whether表“是否”。
【答案】 D
7．(2013·四川高考)________you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.
A．When B．How
C．What D．That
【解析】 考查名词性从句。此句谓语动词为describes，之前的部分即为主语从句。主语从句中缺少谓语said的宾语，故选用代词what作said的宾语引导主语从句；that在名词性从句中不做成分，只表陈述的语气；而when和how为副词，不能做主干成分。
【答案】 C
8．(2013·天津高考)________ I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.
A．That B．Which
C．Whether D．What
【解析】 考查名词性从句。主句谓语为is，之前为主语从句，从句中缺少动词tell的直接宾语，指事物，故填what；而which意为“哪一个”，that，whether均不做成分。
【答案】 D
9．(2013·安徽高考)From space，the earth looks blue.This is ________ about seventy one percent of its surface is covered by water.
A．why B．how
C．because D．whether
【解析】 考查名词性从句。此处考查表语从句。句意：地球看起来是蓝色的。这是因为其表面71%是被水覆盖的。
【答案】 C
10．(2012·山东高考)It doesn't matter ________ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.
A．how B．whether
C．what D．why
【解析】 句意：在这家商店里，无论你用现金支付还是用信用卡支付都无关紧要。由It doesn't matter “没关系”可知后面的意思应该是“无论(不管)……还是……”，又根据题干中的关键词or就很容易确定选B项，构成固定搭配whether...or...。how 如何；what 什么；why 为什么，均不符合句意。
【答案】 B
Ⅱ.在下列句子的空白处填上适当的连词
1．But ____________ she was really interested in was playing computer games.
2．This is ____________ we will discuss at the conference to be held tomorrow.
3．____ we should improve the living standard of the farmers remains a problem.
4．____________ the football match will be put off is certain now.
5．______ we shall hold the sports meeting will be discussed at today's meeting.
6．____________ you will win the medal seems unlikely.
7．The fact is ___________ they are angry with each other.
8．____________ goes against the tide of history will come to no good end.
9．The question is ____________ it is true or not.
10．The trouble is ____________ he has never done the work before.
【答案】 1.what 2.what 3.How 4.That 5.When/Where 6.That 7.that 8.Whoever 9.whether 10.that
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