准考证号: _______________ 姓名: __________________
（在此卷上答题无效）
宁德市一中2022-2023学年高一下学期开学考试
英语试卷
（本试题卷共10页。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。）
友情提示:请将所有答案填写到答题卡上!请不要错位、越界答题!
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到
答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What colour is the man's car
A. Blue. B. Green. C. White.
2. Why doesn't the woman need to provide her age
A. It is only required for children.
B. It is only required for patients.
C. It is only required for doctors.
3. How long is the woman late
A. One hour. B. Two hours C. Three hours.
4. What will the man do this weekend
A. See some friends. B. Have a picnic. C. Go to the beach.
5. Where will the man be before 7 : 00
A. At home. B. At the office. C. At a restaurant.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项 中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各 小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How does Linda look today
A. Sad. B. Happy. C. Angry.
7. Who lives with Linda now
A. Her daughter. B. Her mother. C. Her brother.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What was Matt reading today
A. A magazine. B. A newspaper. C. A story book.
9. Which teacher said Matt needs to improve in math
A. Ms. Anderson. B. Ms. Smith. C. Ms. Fitz.
10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. A couple. B. Neighbours. C. Co - workers.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a museum. B. In a zoo. C. In a school.
12. How much does a ticket cost now
A. $5 B. $25 C. $30
13. What animals will the speakers see next
A. Monkeys. B. Elephants C. Lions.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14/AWVicH is close to the house
A. The restaurant. B. The park. C. The market.
15. When will the man probably move in
A. In one week. B. In two weeks. C. In three weeks.
16. On which day will the man take the keys
A. Thursday. B. Friday. C. Saturday.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Where was the woman last month
A. In Australia. B. In America. C. In France.
18. What was the woman's job in France
A. A teacher. B. A doctor. C. An actress.
19. How old is the woman
A. 35. B. 40. C. 50.
20. What is the main point of the speech
A. A report of a research.B. A movie about deserts.C. An introduction to a guest.
第二部分 阅读理解（共 2 节，满分 40 分）
第一节（共 11 小题，每题 2.5 分，满分 27.5 分）
A
If you are planning to start a career in the field of education，science，or culture，then an internship（实习） at UNESCO will be ideal for you．
Who can apply？
You have completed your full-time university studies；or．
You are studying in a graduate program for a master's degree．
Applicants in technical assignments must have reached the last year of their studies in a technical institution．
What are the requirements？
You must be at least 20 years old．
You should have a good command （掌握） of either English or French．
You must have an excellent knowledge of office-related software．
You should be able to work well in a team and adapt to an international working environment．
You should possess strong interpersonal and communication skills．
What do you need to prepare？
Visa：You should obtain the necessary visas．
Travel：You must arrange and finance your travel to and from the location where you will
do your internship．
Medical insurance：You must show proof of a comprehensive health insurance valid（有效的）in the target country for the entire period of the internship．UNESCO will provide limited insurance coverage up to USD30,000 for the internship period．
Medical certificate：You must provide a medical certificate indicating you are fit to work．
Motivation letter：You should have your motivation letter ready before filling out the application form．
Your application will be accessed by UNESCO managers and will stay in our database for six months．We do not respond to every candidate．If selected，you will be contacted by a manager．If you do not receive any update within six months，it means that your application has not been successful．
21. According to this passage，applicants are required to________．
A. hold a master's degree in science
B. have international work experience
C. be fluent in either English or French
D. present a letter from a technical institution
22. What will UNESCO provide for the internship period？
A. Limited medical insurance coverage．
B. Training in communication skills．
C. A medical certificate for work．
D. Financial support for travel．
23. What should applicants do before filling out the application form？
A. Contact UNESCO managers． B. Get access to the database．
C. Keep a motivation letter at hand． D. Work in a team for six months．
B
In 1823, a young woman noticed a strange fossil (化石) on a beach near Lyme Regis, England. She dug out the bones and had them carried to her home.She carefully arranged the skeleton(骨架)
on a table. Then she saw something extraordinary. The creature’s neck was a meter long-more than
half the length of its body. It was unlike any animal living on Earth. Even at a young age, Mary Anning had a talent for spotting unusual fossils. Her father died in 1810, leaving her family in.debt, so Mary began selling her fossils to collectors. At 12, she made her first major discovery—a crocodile-like skull(头骨) with a long skeleton. It turned out to be a sea creature that lived long ago. Named ichthyosaur, or “fish-lizard”, it was the first extinct animal known to science. Fossil hunting brought in money, but it was a dangerous job. One day, a rock fall killed her dog and almost buried Mary. Despite the dangers, she continued to look for mew finds The long-necked fossil she unearthed in 1823 was another long-dead sea reptile(爬行动物). Known as a plesiosaur, it would inspire legends—including that of the Loch Ness Monster. Mary was not only a skilled fossil hunter; she also carefully examined and recorded her finds. However, she wasn’t widely recognized in the scientific community. Only one of her scientific writings got published in her lifetime,in 1839. She was also not allowed to join London’s Geological Society, as membership was only available to men. Mary Anning died in 1847, but her contributions have not been forgotten. Her finds are now displayed in museums in London and Paris. The beach near her home is a UNFSCO World Heritage
Site, known as the Jurassic Coast. Her life continues to inspire visitors hoping to find their own fossil wonders. According to Britain’s Natural History Museum, Mary Anning was “tho greatest fossil hunter the world has ever known”.
The first paragraph is written to_________.
A. stress the hard work Mary Anning carried out
B. prove the uniqueness of Mary Anning;s finds
C. introduce the readers to Mary Anning;s story
D. show the importance of Mary Anning;s discovery
25. What can be known about Mary Anning’s fossil hunting experience
Her main purpose was to make scientific contributions.
She found it hard to make ends meet as a fossil hunter.
She made her first major discovery in 1823.
D. She had a narrow escape from a rock fall.
26. Which of the following would the author probably agree with
Mary Anning deserved more credit.
More people should join in fossil hunting.
The Jurassic Coast is in need of protection.
D. Mary Anning is the greatest scientist in the world.
27. How is the passage mainly developed
By providing examples. B. By making comparisons. C. By following the order of time. D. By following the order of importance.
C
Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has
been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit(联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.
Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialization, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages. Often spoken by many people while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200
Languages: the Americas about 1,000, Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number(中位数) of speakers is a mere 6，000, which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that. Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡), with only a
few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico(150). Lipan Apache in the United States(two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia
(one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.
28. What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times
They developed very fast.
They were large in number.
They had similar patters.
D. They were closely connected
29. Which of the following best explains "dominant" underlined in paragraph 2？
Complex. B. Advanced. C. Powerful. D. Modern.
30. How many languages are spoken by less than 6, 000 people at present
A. About 6,800 . B. About 3,400
About 2,400 D. About 1,200.
31. What is the main idea of the text
A. New languages will be created. B. Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languages. C. Human development results in fewer languages. D. Geography determines language evolution. 第二节（共 5 小题，每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Forgiveness
To forgive is a virtue, but no one has ever said it is easy. When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be extremely difficult to let go of your hate. However, forgiveness is possible, and it can be surprisingly beneficial to your physical and mental health. People who forgive show less sadness,anger and stress and more hopefulness, according to a recent research.
32
Try the following
steps:
Calm yourself.
33
You can take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you
pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature, or someone you love.
Don’t wait for an apology. Many times the person who hurt you does not intend to apologize.
They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don’t see things the same way.
34
Keep in
mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with the person who upset
you.
Take the control away from your offender (冒犯者). Rethinking about your hurt gives power to
the person who causes you pain. Instead of focusing on your wounded feelings, learn to look for the
love, beauty and kindness around you.
35
If you understand your offender, you may realize that he or she was acting out of
unawareness, fear, and even love. You may want to write a letter to yourself from your offender’s
point of view.
Don’t forget to forgive yourself. 36 But it can rob you of your self- confidence if you don’t
do it.
A. Why should you forgive
B. How should you start to forgive
C. Recognize the benefits of forgiveness.
D. Try to see things from your offender’s angle (角度).
E. For some people, forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge.
F. If you wait for people to apologize, you could be waiting a long time.
G. To make your anger die away, try a simple stress-management technique.
第三部分 完形填空（共 15 题，每题 1 分，满分 15 分）
A week ago, my daughter said, “Mom, I don’t think I’m very athletic.”
I’ve observed her in various sports, and she is just like me: two left feet. But even knowing it,
my first instinct (本能) was to snow her with some____37____ “Oh, you’re actnally good at sports!”
I held back, however, and after thinking twice, I told her the____38____: “No, you’re kind of
not.”
And I could see it hurt a bit. So I____39____: “Dear, everyone may have a natural talent for
something. Like you and____40____: You’re a 5 th grader and read Charles Dickens. But we also
have things we are not____41____. If we want to reach a satisfactory level at those things, we have
to____42____twice the effort and if we want to____43____we need to try even harder.”
She was nodding. She totally____44____it. Why Because it’s the truth. Sometimes I wonder
why we run around telling our kids some rubbish that don’t even____45____when they can actually
accept the truth. Besides, when they realize we are lying, we____46____our credibility.
I want my kids to have a___47___understanding of themselves so they won’t第 7页/共 10 页
（北京）股份有限公司
be____48____when things get tough. They can be Olympians, but nobody is going to band it to them
and____49____may work against them. They will understand that many things____50____a nearly
huge amount of WORK. They can’t just expect something to happen. They____51____it happen.
37. A. sense
B. advice
C. rubbish
D. love
38. A. idea
B. truth
C. news
D. lie
39. A. replied
B. added
C. commented
D. repeated
40. A. learning
B. speaking
C. reading
D. writing
41. A. fond of
B. amazed at
C. good at
D. interested in
42. A. put in
B. put away
C. put up
D. put off
43. A. improve
B. excel
C. pass
D. continue
44. A. got
B. forgot
C. made
D. did
45. A. take place
B. get around
C. come along
D. make sense
46. A. develop
B. damage
C. ignore
D. value
47. A. heart-felt
B. hot-headed
C. right-sized
D. good-natured
48. A. tired
B. shocked
C. excited
D. inspired
49. A. nature
B. time
C. history
D. experience
50 . A. perform
B. increase
C. require
D. change
51.A. watch
B. let
C. help
D. make
第四部分 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Earthquakes are quite common. In fact, thousands of earthquakes are happening almost at every moment. However, most of 52 (they) are too weak to feel. During a big earthquake, there is often a big noise first. Then the earth shakes
53 (terrible) and many houses fall down. As one of the most deadly natural disasters in the world, the earthquake often result 54 many people being injured or killed. In 2008, a terrible earthquake 55 (strike) China’s Sichuan Province, causing severe casualties.
Besides the great damage and deaths 56 (cause) by the earthquake, other accidents such as fires often follow. More buildings may be damaged and more injuries may be caused. For 57 (century), people have been making studies of earthquakes. About 2,000 years ago, for example, 58 Chinese scientist named Zhang Heng invented a machine 59 could find out the direction where the earthquake waves came.
With the rapid 60 (develop) of modern science and technology, we now know a lot more about earthquakes. However, it is still difficult for scientists 61 (predict) exactly when and where the earthquake will happen, and can’t stop it from happening.
第二卷（非选择题 共 55 分）
第一节短语填空（共 10 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
选择适当的短语并用正确的形式补全句子，使句子完整。（其中有 2 项是多余的）
（北京）股份有give way to
keep balance
get around
watch over
fall apart
depend on take
part in
62. Right now. The kangaroos________by many volunteers.
63. There comes a time when the old must_________ the new.
64. Whether we can go for a picnic this Sunday __________ the weather at that time.
65. Diana had a workable plan to pay for college for her twins, but then her husband became
unemployed, and the plan _________.
66. He __________ an important race across the Atlantic the other day.
第二节单词拼写 根据首字母或所给的汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。（答题卷上需写出
单词的完整形式）
67. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to
d______ food and supplies.
68. As China plays a greater role in g_________ affairs, more and more international
students are beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history.
69. Symbols were c_________ on animal bones and shells by ancient Chinese people.
70. Only when we learn to exist in h_________ with nature can we stop being a threat
to wildlife and our planet.
71.Does the writer give a clear _____________ (描述) of the problem
第三节 写作
第一部分 书面表达（15 分）
你的英国朋友 Jim 所在的学校要组织学生来中国旅行，有两条线路可以选择：“长江之行”或者
“泰山之旅”。Jim 来信希望你能给些建议。请你给他回信，内容包括：
1.你推荐的线路；2.你的理由；3.你的祝愿。
2.可适当添加细节，使行文连贯 3.如书写较差影响理解，降一个档次给分。
注意：字数在 100 左右
参考词
长江：the Yangtze River
泰山 Mount Tai
_____________________________________________________________________
__________________________________（北京）股份有限公司
第二部分.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 （25 分）
Several years ago,I was living in New York and working for an airline,so I never got back home for Christmas. My Christmas was happy too with some other colleagues around. But in my heart,I was sad because I couldn't stay with my family. Sometimes my colleagues would say our Christmas was filled with tears. But this Christmas was different. I was lucky. I had the whole day off, which meant I could stay with my family on Christmas Eve. When Christmas morning came, I awoke to a small hand feeling my face. "Dad, Merry Christmas!" was all my younger son had time to say. He seemed to be racing against time. I knew he was hunting for gifts with his brother eagerly. I got downstairs just to see the two little boys' faces as they looked at the pocket rockets Santa Claus had left them. I realized that the real Christmas was for the children who had deep belief in the amazing power of Santa Claus. At first, their fingers went almost shyly over their toys. When their inspection（检阅）had been completed, the two boys ensured that the gifts were really delivered by Santa Claus and they pulled everything into the center of the living room.
Delight flooded the room. As their mother began giving out gifts,I smiled to myself,wondering how my unexpected gifts this year would be received. With so many Christmas spent outside, I had prepared so many gifts for my children and together with my wife I hid them in several secret places. But the children were excellent detectives（侦探）and they found all of them. They were happily
opening packages,thanking considerate Santa Claus for his kindness and ability to know their desires. But I had not received a single one. I knew they had forgotten my existence（存在），for I hadn't been with them during Christmas these years.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，可适当补充细节，使情节完整；
3.每段的开头语已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Paragraph 1：
I had to say that my disappointment was growing little by little.
_____________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
Suddenly my wife walked up to me.
_____________________________________________________________________宁德市一中2022-2023学年高一下学期开学考试
答案
听力：
1-5 CABAB 6-10 BAACA 11-15 BCBCC 16-20 BAABC
阅读理解
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. C
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. C
【答案】 BGFDE
完形填空
【答案】37.C B B C C 42. A B A D B 47. C B A C D
语法填空
【答案】52. them 53. terribly 54. in 55. struck 56. caused
57.centuries 58. a 59. which/that 60. development 61. to predict
短语填词
【答案】are being watched over; give way to;depends on; fell apart; took part in
单词拼写
【答案】Deliver; global; carved;harmony;description
书面表达
【答案】
Dear Jim,
I’m happy to receive your letter and know you’re going on a trip to China organized by your school. I'd like to offer you some advice on the two tour routes you've been given, which may help you a little.
Of the two trips to the Yangtze River and Mount Tai, both are highly recommended. Personally, I prefer the tour along theYangtze, the longest river and one of the mother rivers of Chinese civilization. You can learn a lot about the history of China and Chinese people. Moreover, the scenery along the river is amazing, with many well-known sightseeing spots. That’s why I think the trip along the Yangtze will be a better choice.
Hope you’ll have a good time in China.
Yours Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Jim回信，为他推荐来中国旅游路线，说明推荐的理由，并表达祝愿。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
旅游：tour→trip
提供：offer→provide
建议：advice→suggestion
而且：moreover→what's more
观光景点、旅游景点：sightseeing spot →tourist attraction
2. 句式拓展
同义句转化
原句： I’m happy to receive your letter and know you’re going on a trip to China organized by your school.
拓展句： I’m happy to receive your letter and know you’re going on a trip to China that is organized by your school.
【点睛】【高分句型1】 I'd like to offer you some advice on the two tour routes you've been given, which may help you a little.（运用了省略关系代词that/which的限制性定语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句。）
【高分句型2】That’s why I think the trip along the Yangtze will be a better choice.（运用了以why引导的表语从句及省略连接词that的宾语从句。）
【答案】One possible version:
I had to say that my disappointment was growing little by little. I was wondering whether I could get a gift when my younger son ran to me, who was really kind enough to save my face. He asked me to admire his gift which he deeply believed was carefully chosen by Santa Claus. He said happily that he would share some of the gifts of his and allow me to choose one from them. I thanked him from the bottom of my heart, still feeling disappointed.
Suddenly my wife walked up to me.It seemed that she had guessed how I felt. She asked me to look at the Christmas tree which was decorated with so many boxes. I think she was showing off her efforts on the decoration but she took off a small box and passed it to me smiling and saying it was for me. I opened it and saw a letter which read "We will never forget you. Merry Christmas!" Under the letter was a watch which was clicking with delight. I was moved to tears.
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者因为工作原因很多年没有回家陪家人一起过圣诞节，自己感觉到很伤心，但是今年很幸运有机会陪家人一起过，自己收到了家人的礼物，并且家人没有责怪自己因为工作而没有陪他们过圣诞节。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“我不得不说，我的失望一点点增加了”可知，第一段可描写作者渴望得到礼物的心理和与孩子的互动过程。
②由第二段首句内容“突然，我妻子向我走来。她似乎已经猜到了我的感受。”可知，第二段可描写妻子给作者准备了一份惊喜礼物，作者很受感动。
2.续写线索：渴望得到礼物——儿子分享礼物——妻子送惊喜礼物——感动流泪
3.词汇激活
行为类
①向我跑来：run to me/run towards me
②欣赏：admire/appreciate
③传递：pass/hand/deliver
情绪类
①高兴地：happily/gladly/joyfully
②感动的：moved/touched
【点睛】【高分句型1】I was wondering whether I could get a gift when my younger son ran to me, who was really kind enough to save my face. （运用了whether引导的宾语从句和who引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】She asked me to look at the Christmas tree which was decorated with so many boxes. （运用了which引导的定语从句）
