2023年初中英语语法专题之被动语态课件（共26张PPT）

(共26张PPT)
Grammar
被动语态
Contents
01
02
03
基本用法
结构
特殊考查
基本用法
PART ONE
主动语态
1.1 定义
Eric beats Bob.
被动语态
Bob is beaten by Eric.
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者, 即行为动作的对象
He killed this pig. This pig was killed.
（look after, think of, take care of, work out, laugh at ）
She take good care of the children.
The children were taken good care of by her.
1. 及物动词
2. 不及物动词 + 介词
1.2 使用条件
相关链接：run out of Vs. run out
My money was run out of.
My money ran out.
I ran out of my money.
run out of vt. 用完…
run out vi. …用完
1．My dog ___________by you when I was away.
A．was taking B．was taken care C．was taken care of
2．Let’s get in the wheat before the sun ____________.
A．will set B．was set C．set D．sets
3．Great changes ____________in the city, and a lot of factories ____________.
A．have been taken place; have been set up B．have taken place; have been set up
C．have taken place; have set up D．were taken place; were set up
4．——The skirt looks different from others and it is nice.
——Thanks. It ____________by my mother last month.
A．made B．is made C．has been made D．was made
结构
PART TWO
肯定句：主语+be + done (by sb. / sth.)
The house was built by me.
否定句：主语 + be + not + 过去分词 + (by...)
The house wasn’t built by me.
一般疑问句：Be + 主语 + 过去分词 + (by...)
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+ be. 否定回答：No, 主语+be not
Was the house built by you
2.1 基本结构
一般现在时
am / is / are + done
现在
被动
一般过去时
was / were + done
过去
被动
现在进行时
am / is / are + being + done
现在进行
被动
过去进行时
was/ were + being + done
过去进行
被动
2.2 结构细则
一般将来时
will be + done
将来
被动
现在完成时
have/has been+ done
过去
被动
过去完成时
had been + done
过去完成
被动
情态动词
情态动词+be + done
情态动词+动词原形
被动
1．Usually John ___________to school in his father’s beautiful car.
A．has taken B．is taking C．is taken D．has been taken
2．The doctor examined Peter carefully after he ___________to the hospital.
A．is taken B．took C．was taken
3．——What’s that noise
——Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine ___________.
A．was tested B．will be tested C．is being tested D．has been tested
4．They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house ___________.
A．is being rebuilt B．has been rebuilt C．is rebuilt D．has rebuilt
5．After school we went to the reading-room to do some reading, only to be told that it ___________.
A．was decorated B．had been decorated C．was being decorated
6．——How soon ___________all the work ___________
——In a week.
A．will; finish B．will; be finished C．are; going to be finished
7．——How many Chinese astronauts(航天员) ___________into space since 2003
——Twelve, including two women.
A．were sent B．sent C．have been sent D．have sent
8．By the end of last year, another new gymnasium ___________in Beijing.
A．would be completed B．was being completed
C．has been completed D．had been completed
9．When will the birthday party ___________, on Monday evening or Tuesday evening
A．hold B．be held C．held D．be holding
10．The students called the teacher for help, because the problem ___________by themselves.
A．couldn’t be solved B．can’t be solved C．couldn’t solve
主语
谓语
宾语
主语
be done
by+宾语
主动语态：
被动语态：
2.3 主动变被动
步骤一
主动语态宾语 - 被动语态主语
The naughty boy（主语）broke（谓语）the window（宾语）yesterday（状语）.
步骤二
主动语态谓语动词 - 被动语态be done
The window（主语）was broken（谓语）.
步骤三
主动语态主语 - 被动语态by+宾语
by the naughty boy（介词短语）yesterday（状语）.
1. Many young people often buy everyday things online.
Everyday things ______ often ________ online by many young people.
2. In ancient China, students learned the six arts.
The six arts ______ _______________ by students in ancient China.
3. The teacher told the students to pick the balloon with his or her name on.
The students ______ ______ to pick the balloon with his or her name on.
are
bought
were
learned/ learnt
were
told
特殊考查
PART THREE
wash, clean, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell等与副词如well; easily; perfectly等连用，描绘事物自身特性，用主动表被动
The pen writes well. The pen sells well.
3.1 主动表被动
1. This kind of books ______ well and ______ out in this bookshop.
A. sells; are sold B. sells; sells C. is sold; sells D. is sold; is sold
2．The pen ___________well so he can’t wait to copy the article ___________by LuXun.
A．is written; written B．writes; writing
C．is written; to write D．writes; written
3．The novel ___________well. So far it ___________.
A．is sold; has been sold out B．is sold; was sold out
C．sells; has been sold out D．sells; was sold out
2. 句子是主谓结构时,可用主动形式表示被动意义
（不及物动词没有被动语态）
The door opened.
The accident happened last week.
3. 感官系动词可用主动形式表示被动意义：look, taste, feel…
The tree looks beautiful.
The cake tastes sweet.
4. need doing = need to be done
require doing = require to be done
需要：need, want, require后的动名词，相当于不定式的被动式
The flower needs watering.
The flower needs to be watered.
1．It hasn’t rained for some time so the flowers want ___________.
A．to water B．watered C．be watered D．watering
2．As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area ___________.
A．need repairing B．needs to repair C．needs repairing D．need to repair
3．——Have you seen the TV play My Ugly Mother
——Yes, it’s well worth ___________. It’s ___________moving that I’ve seen it twice.
A．seeing; too B．seeing; so C．to see; enough
4．I’m going to the supermarket this afternoon. Do you have anything ___________
A．to be buying B．to buy C．for buying D．bought
5． Oh, the milk ______. Do you think it's OK to drink
A. is tasted strange B. was tasted strangely
C. tasted strangely D. tastes strange
3.2 不能用于被动语态
宾语是反身代词或相互代词/ 地点或处所的名词时
We could hardly see each other in the fog.
某些表示状态的及物动词作谓语时
(have有, fit合适, suit合适, hold容纳, cost花费, last持续)
The hall can hold 100 people.
1．——Where is Tom I have something important to talk with him.
——He was seen ___________the library just now. Maybe you can find him there.
A．entering B．enter C．to enter D．enters
2．The girl was often heard ___________happily in her room.
A．sing B．to sing C．singing D．sings
3．The boy was made ___________it again, because he didn’t make himself __________ just now.
A．say; understood B．to say; understood C．to say; understand D．say; understand
Thanks
Grammar