2023年初中英语语法专题之非谓语课件（共37张PPT）

(共37张PPT)
非谓语
Grammar
01
不定式
03
现在分词
Content
02
动名词
04
过去分词
Part 01
不定式
1.1 形式
肯定形式: to + 动词原形
否定形式：not to + 动词原形
I decide not to clean up the park.
I decide to clean up the park .
1.2 句法功能
谓语动词用单数形式
To master a foreign language is not easy.
1.不定式作主语
2.不定式作宾语
I hope to be a policeman.
01 作动词宾语
I find it difficult
to ride a bike.
02 用it作形式宾语
相关链接：用不定式作宾语的常见动词
想要拒绝学习
want to do
refuse to do
learn to do
决定同意等不及
decide to do
agree to do
can’t wait to do
计划选择假装
plan to do
choose to do
pretend to do
提供期待希望
offer to do
expect to do
wish to do
wish sb.to do sth.
希望某人做某事
3.不定式作宾语补足语
ask sb.to do sth.
请求某人做某事
tell sb.to do sth.
告诉某人做某事
allow / warn sb.to do
允许/警告某人做某事
expect sb.to do sth.
期待某人做某事
encourage sb.to do sth.
鼓励某人做某事
advise sb.to do sth.
建议某人做某事
want sb. to do sth
想要某人做某事
I told you not to smoke.
invite sb. do sth.
邀请某人做某事
make sb do sth.
Don’t make her cry.
let sb do sth.
Let’s go to the park together.
have sb do sth.
My sister has me buy a cup for her.
相关链接1:省to不定式
使役动词
“使” “让”
相关链接2:
在被动语态结构中，省略的to 需还原
My sister always makes me cry.
I am always made to cry by my sister.
单项选择
1．Everyone is here. Let’s ___________our class now.
A．begin B．began C．beginning D．to begin
2．——Excuse me sir, where is Room 301
——Just a minute. I’ll have Bob ___________you to your room.
A．show B．shows C．to show D．showing
3．——Is Jack in the library
——Maybe. I saw him ____________out with some books just now.
A．going B．go C．to go D．went
4．When I walked past the park, I saw some old people ___________Chinese Taiji.
A．do B．did C．doing D．done
5．——Where is Tom I have something important to talk with him.
——He was seen ___________the library just now. Maybe you can find him there.
A．entering B．enter C．to enter D．enters
6．The girl was often heard ___________happily in her room.
A．sing B．to sing C．singing D．sings
7．The boy was made ___________it again, because he didn’t make himself __________ just now.
A．say; understood B．to say; understood C．to say; understand D．say; understand
8．Seeing the sun ___________above the surface of the sea, we let out a shout of joy.
A．to rise B．rising C．to raise D．raising
9．Once standing on the top of the hill, people would not do anything but ___________the scenery around them.
A．enjoy B．enjoying C．enjoyed D．to enjoy
单项选择
4.不定式作状语
结果状语（too…to结构）
It’s never too late to learn.
目的状语（常放句首，句尾）
To arrive on time, I got up one hour earlier.
01
02
单项选择
1．The little girl was crying because her mother didn’t allow her ___________the ice-cream.
A．eat B．eats C．to eat D．ate
2．——What would you like ___________for your Mum on Mother’s Day
——A dress.
A．buy B．buying C．to buy D．buys
3．I like places where the weather is always warm. I hope ___________Hawaii this winter.
A．visiting B．to visit C．Visited
4．You are supposed ___________something happy and lucky to others on the New Year’s Day.
A．to say B．saying C．say
5．Mary called and asked her husband ___________home at once, because she locked their daughter in the home.
A．to leave B．leave C．go D．to go
Part 02
动名词
2.1 形式
肯定形式:动词原形-ing
Do you mind not passing the exam
I enjoy reading books every day.
否定形式：not + 动词原形-ing
1. 动名词作宾语
Do you mind opening the window
01 动词后作宾语
02 介词后作宾语
I am used to reading books every day.
2.2 句法功能
enjoy 喜欢 suggest 建议
finish 完成 imagine 想象
keep 保持 avoid 避免
admit 承认 mind 介意
consider 考虑 miss 错过
look forward to 盼望
be/get used to 习惯
have fun/a good time 开心
相关链接1 ： 常接动名词作宾语的动词和短语
单项选择
1．——What should we do to fight A / H1N1 flu
——We should wash hands often, avoid ____________to crowded places and so on.
A．go B．going C．gone D．to go
2．The retired couple enjoy ___________photos. They always go out with their cameras.
A．take B．took C．to take D．taking
3．It is reported that Oxford English Dictionary is considering ___________the Chinese word “tuhao” to its next edition.
A．adding B．added C．to add D．to be added
4．——How do you find the film Iron Man
——Not bad, but to tell the truth, I can’t stand ___________so much violence(暴力).
A．watching B．to watch C．watch D．to watching
5．She couldn’t help ___________when she heard the bad news.
A．crying B．to cry C．cried D．cry
02
01
Stop to do
Stop doing
停下来去做另一件事
停下正在做的事
forget to do
Forget doing
忘记去做某事(未做)
忘记已经做过的事(已经做过)
相关链接2 ：接动名词和不定式作宾语的动词
02
remember to do
remember doing
记得去做某事(未做)
记得已经做过的事(已经做过)
含义不同
含义相同
0 1
0 2
learn to do 学习去做…
learn doing 学习做…
love / like/ hate to do (短期)喜欢/讨厌做…
love / like/ hate doing (长期)喜欢/讨厌做…
2. 作主语
谓语动词用第三人称单数
Working makes me happy.
可用it作形式主语
It is useful using a computer to work.
单项选择
1．——Mary dances best in our school.
——I agree. I’ll never forget ____________her dance for the first time.
A．seeing B．to see C．see D．seen
2．Just before the Chinese class, I suddenly realized that I forgot ___________my Chinese text book.
A．bring B．bringing C．and bring D．to bring
3．Remember not ___________loudly when we are in the reading room.
A．speak B．speaking C．to speak
4．While Linda and Rock were watching TV at home, Linda suddenly stopped ___________and cried, so Rock stopped ___________what was wrong with her.
A．watching; to see B．to watch; to see C．to watch; seeing
5．——I feel tired and sleepy.
——Why not stop ____________for a while
A．rest B．to rest C．resting D．rested
单项选择
6．——You aren’t a stranger, are you
——_________, don’t you remember _________me at the school gate ten minutes ago
A．Yes; to see B．No; seeing C．No; saw D．Yes; seeing
7．I still remember _________to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.
A．to take B．to be taken C．taking D．being taken
8．——Nobody likes _________, so you’d better be kind to others.
——So sorry. I won’t do it again.
A．laugh at B．to laugh at C．to be laughed at D．to be laughed
9．When asked by the police, he said that he remembered _________at the party, but not _________.
A．to arrive; leaving B．to arrive; to leave C．arriving; leaving D．arriving; to leave
Part 03
现在分词
动词原形-ing
表主动,进行意义
Being a student, he was interested in the books.
Do you know the girl reading a newspaper
3.1 特点
1. 作宾语补主语
说明宾语的性质,特征或正在做的动作
I saw her writing a letter just now.
He left the water running all night.
3.2 句法功能
Do you know the girl standing under the tree
There is a sleeping baby over there.
2. 作定语
表示一个正在进行的主动动作
单项选择
1．As we all know, it’s not polite to keep others ___________for a long time.
A．wait B．waited C．to wait D．waiting
2．“The King of Football” Pele loved football so much that nothing could stop him __________
his dream___________ true.
A．make; come B．making; come C．make; to come D．making; to come
3. “You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, ______ away.
A. run B. running C. to run D. ran
4. We often provide our children with toys, ______ that all children like these things.
A. thinking B. think C. to think D. thought
5. This movie was so ______ that I couldn’t help crying.
A. move B. moved C. moving D. to move
Part 04
过去分词
Knocked by the car, the boy could move .
动词原形-ed
not +动词原形-ed
He is a retired worker.
4.1 形式
01 含义：表示被动，完成意义
Look at the broken glasses.
Look at the fallen leaves.
02 位置关系
单个过去分词: 前置 He is a retired worker.
分词短语:后置Who were the guests invited to your party？
1. 作定语
4.2 句法功能
使役动词+宾语+过去分词
(make / let/ have)
I will have my watch repaired.
01
感知动词+宾语+过去分词
(see/ heard/watch/find…)
He found his hometown changed.
02
2. 作宾补
与宾语构成被动关系
用所给词的适当形式填空
He heard the song __________ (sing) in German.
He heard the girl __________ (sing) a song this time yesterday.
You should say it clearly to make yourself _______________ (understand).
There is a __________ (break) egg. Please clean it up.
This is a newly __________ (build) house.
sung
singing
understood
broken
built
单项选择
1．He ___________alone, feeling sad for his mother’s death.
A．walking B．walked C．walks D．walk
2．Joe has received an offer ___________to study in an American high school.
A．to be invited B．being invited C．invited D．inviting him
3．___________from the plane, those people look like little ants.
A．See B．To see C．Seen D．Having seen
4．Our chemistry teacher came into the classroom, with a bottle ___________with water in her hand.
A．filled B．filling C．to fill D．be filled
5．While watching television, ___________.
A．the doorbell rang B．the doorbell rings
C．we hear the doorbell ring D．we heard the doorbell rings
单项选择-综合练习
1．____________your coat at once. We must hurry.
A．Wear B．Wearing C．Put on D．Putting on
2．Without food or companions, that male lion ___________. He lay under the tree, ___________the last look at the familiar grassland.
A．was dying; taking B．died; took
C．was dying; was taking D．was dead; taking
3．___________your personal information online, you’d better turn off the Wi-Fi automatic connection on your phone.
A．Protecting B．To protect C．Protected D．Protect
4．___________by thousands of fans, the pop singer could not get to the press meeting on time.
A．He was surrounded B．Surrounding C．Surrounded D．Being surrounding
Thanks
Grammar