初中英语语法专题之名词(二) 名词所有格和句法功能课件（共30张PPT）

(共30张PPT)
Grammar
名词（二）
名词所有格/名词的句法功能
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名词所有格
名词的句法功能
Contents
01
名词所有格
1.1 定义
01 表示名词之间的所属关系
This is my sister’s room.
02 包括’s所有格和of所有格
Tom’s bedroom is tidy.
The windows of the room are close.
1.2 ’s所有格
my sister’s room
children’s photos
1. 结构
词尾加-’s
单数可数名词或不可数名词
不以s结尾复数可数名词
词尾加撇号’
以-s结尾的复数可数名词
the teachers’ office
heroes’ houses
1．Looking after children is not only ___________work. Men should also do it.
A．women B．woman’s C．womens’ D．women’s
2． There’s something wrong with ____________throat but he can’t tell others.
A．James’s B．James’ C．James
3． The ____________mother is coming soon and she is so excited.
A．actress’ B．actress’s C．actress D．actresses’s
4. The ___________shoes were covered with mud, so I asked them to take them
off before they got into ___________car.
A．girl’s; Tom’s B．girls’; Toms’ C．girls’; Tom’s D．girl’s; Toms’
2. 用法
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02
01
有生命的名词
John’s clothes
表示时间、距离、国家等
two days’ vacation
表示诊所、医院、店铺等
the doctor’s
避免重复
Our room is bigger than Mary’s.
1. It’s ________ride from my home to the factory.
A．two hours and half ’s B．two and half hours’
C．two and a half hours’ D．two hour and a half ’s
2. I hear we will have a _________holiday in _________.
A．two day’s; two day’s time B．two-day; two day’s time
C．two-day; two days’ time D．two days; two-day time
3. Don’t shout at her. She is just ________little girl.
A．an eight-year-old B．an eight-years-old
C．a eight-years-old D．eight years old
A’s and B’s 各自拥有
They are Tom’s and Jerry’s mothers.
A and B’s 共同拥有
She is Tom and Jerry’s mother.
3. 特殊结构
1． ___________mothers both work in the same hospital.
A．Tim and Peter’s B．Tim’s and Peter
C．Tim’s and Peter’s D．Tim and Peter
2． This is ____________bedroom. The twin sisters like it very much.
A．Lucy and Lily’s B．Lucy’s and Lily’s
C．Lucy’s and Lily D．Lucy and Lily
1.3 of所有格
the photo of the family
the smell of the coffee
1. 结构：A of B表示“B的A”;一般用于无生命
2. 用法
01 无生命的名词
the kitchen of the house
02 有生命的名词较长时
the name of the girl over there
1． The house is not warm because the window ____________it is broken.
A．for B．to C．of D．with
2．——How amazing it is that astronauts are exploring outer space!
——It’s a challenge, I guess, ___________man against nature.
A．of B．for C．by D．About
3. Look, Peter! This is a map_________ China.
A. to B. of C. in
4. _________ are broken(坏了).
A. The chair’s legs B. The chair of the legs C. The legs of the chair
5. Here are two nice photos_________ my family
A. in B. of C. about
表示整体中的一个或一部分
n.1 + of + n.2’s / n.2s’.
n.1 + of + 名物代
3. 双重所有格
He is a friend of my father’s. = He is one of my father’s friends.
He is a friend of mine.= He is one of my friends.
a picture/photo of Tom’s
Tom的一张照片
a picture/ photo of Tom.
照片上的人是Tom
相关链接：双重所有格和of所有格辨析
1. I know a sister of ____________is at school and his other sisters are out of work.
A．my roommate B．my roommate’s
C．my roommates’ D．my roommates
2. ——Who is that boy standing next to Miss Green
——He is my classmate, the best friend of ___________.
A．his B．yours C．mine
3. Mrs. Black is a friend of ____________.
A．Mary’s mother’s B．Mary’s mother
C．mother’s of Mary D．Mary mother’s
1. These pictures are those ____________. (boy)
2. The ____________ name is Helen. (girl)
3. This is ____________ (Tom) and ____________ (John) computer.
4. It’s my ____________ bag. (mother)
5. Are these the ____________ books (twin)
6. March 8 (三月八日) is ____________ Day. (woman)
7. What’s the girl’s name (同义句)
What’s the ____________ ____________ the girl
boys’
girl’s
John’s
Tom
mother’s
twins’
women’s
name
of
02
名词的句法功能
2.1 名词作主语
An apple a day keeps a doctor away.
注意
①在句子中，可数名词单数前面加限定词
②可数名词复数/不可数名词/专有名词直接用
Pandas are cute.
China is a country with a long history.
1.2 名词作宾语
He usually plays soccer once a week.
He is talking with his friend.
01 动词后作宾语
02 介词后作宾语
2.3 名词作定语
1. 概念：n.相当于adj. (说明被修饰名词的本质)
an apple tree
two apple trees
apple trees
coffee cup
表材料
a stone bridge
表地点
a London hotel
表时间
a dinner party
表内容
a piano lesson
表用途
a subway station
表类别
a taxi driver
2. 用法
income tax收入税 a goods train货车
a paper tiger纸老虎 a waiting-room候车室
the street lights路灯 a clothes-brush一把衣服刷子
the star sign星座 a department store百货商店
the soap opera肥皂剧 the action film动作片
science fiction科幻小说 the football field足球场
the city center市中心 the health problem健康问题
相关链接：常见搭配
(1) 规则:起修饰作用的名词一般为单数(adj. 无单复数之分)
tomato and egg noodles
a shoe shop
two shoe shops
3. 定语的数
（2）例外
man 和 woman 修饰名词时 单复数与被修饰词保持一致
a woman teacher
two women teachers
个别情况特殊记：clothes / sports修饰名词时,只能用复数形式
a sports club
two sports clubs
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名词作定语：强调内容或功能
An apple tree
02
相关链接：名词作定语和形容词作定语辨析
形容词作定语：强调特点
a tall tree
1. ——What kind of dumplings would you like
——I’d like some _________dumplings.
A．cabbage B．carrots C．onions D．eggs
2．——Where are the _________students
——They are playing football with _________students from Hilltop school.
A．boys; / B．boys; the C．boy; / D．boy; the
3．There are three _________assistants in that _________shop.
A．women; shoe B．woman; shoe C．woman; shoes D．women; shoes
4． _________the teachers in their school is about 200 and one fourth of them are
________teachers.
A．A number of; women B．A number of; woman
C．The number of; women D．The number of; woman
5． A whole new ___________center will ___________next year in our city.
A．sport; built B．sports; be built C．sport; be built D．sports; built
名词作表语
That’s a problem.
名词作宾补
We made him our monitor.
名词作状语
He was late for class this morning.
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2.4 名词作其他成分
判断划线名词的句子成分
She is a good student.
My friend always helps me.
I like to walk my sister.
I will leave next morning.
Please wait at the bus stop.
主语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
Next
Thanks