2023届高考英语二轮复习语法专项突破训练：冠词（含解析）

冠词
基础题
一、 单句语法填空。
1. You don't bother me. On contrary, I would like to listen to your advice.
2. One of the best ways to learn idiom is by looking at the context in which it is used.
3. At minimum, you should send emoticons with your message.
4. more exercises you do, the greater progress you'll make.
5. Everything comes with price；there is no such thing as a free lunch in the world.
6. If you buy more than ten, they knock 20 pence off price.
7. There are more people who speak English as second language than people who speak English as first language.
8. Just then I saw his cup of tea which had been lying there for last ten minutes, untouched.
9. First, you should take active part in the discussions and show your own opinions about the matters.
10. The concert was such success that it was expected to run for the second night.
11. news that the Chinese Men's National Football Team was disqualified for the next World Cup finals came as no surprise at all.
12. As we all know, life is a big stage, on which things of all kinds can take place.
13. —An explosion at a coal mine killed at least 62 workers and left another 13 missing.
—Yes, news came as shock to us all.
14. —Did you enjoy yourself last weekend, Tom
—Yes, as you know, birthday party went on in most pleasant atmosphere.
15. Hello, Mr Wang. There is Mr Smith waiting for you at
school gate.
16. strong earthquake struck eastern coast of central Japan on March 11th, 2011.
17. In film Cast Away, Tom Hanks plays man named Chuck Noland.
18. The taxi driver was put into prison because his car had killed
child crossing the street.
19. The government official spoke of China's desire to see great progress from
two week UN climate change conference in Copenhagen.
20. While he was investigating ways to improve the telescope, Newton made
discovery which completely changed man's understanding of colour.
21. In week or so, I'll be among unemployed, I'm afraid.
22. Pirates from Somalia who hijacked European carrier in
Indian Ocean threatened to kill its 25 crew members if any rescue operation was attempted.
23. Shall we take short break I want to make call.
24. In China, pressure to pass exams tends to cause lack of students' creativity.
25. The artist, whose early career was far from being success, is now widely recognized as master of painting.
26. There is small temple on the island, which can only be reached by water.
27. Mr White, who comes from European country, has formed
habit of attending church on Sundays.
28. —It's reported that over 1 billion people watched the live opening ceremony of 2010 South Africa World Cup on TV.
—Yes, news came as shock to me.
29. I will never forget my teacher's advice: “As long as you can affect the life of your child in an active way, you've been success.”
30. —Would you mind giving your advice on how to improve our business management
—If you make most of the equipment, there will be rise in production.
二、 语篇填空。
Passage 1
Raymond Arrieta, a famous comedian in Puerto Rico, knows that one of the best ways to lift people's spirits is to make 31. (they) laugh. Arrieta, who has his own television show in Puerto Rico and does stand up comedy, says that as 32.
child, he loved to act. He stuck with comedy because he enjoyed 33. (make) his friends laugh.
While earning a degree in Radio and Television Production, Arrieta 34.
(begin) to perform at a nearby cafe. When 35. (ask) what advice he has for those who want to be comedians, Arrieta said, “It will mean more to you when you have your own show. You will look back and smile, thinking about how far you've come.”
It took Arrieta seven years 36. (have) his own show, Raymond and Friends. But Arrieta is not just a comedian. He is also devoted to helping others. Seven years ago, he started a Walk A Thon to benefit a hospital 37. specializes in cancer treatment. Each year in early June, Arrieta leads a 70 mile walk through Puerto Rico.
People of all 38. (age) walk with him. Although training to walk 70 miles 39. (be) not easy, Arrieta believes it's worth it. “Everyone deserves to smile，” he says, “whether it's through comedy 40. good deeds(行动).”
Passage 2
Busy Colombians living in a city can be pressured. But there is a place for people to relieve stress in Bogota. 41. (sit) at the top of Monserrate Hill, east of the city, the place is a protected park for hummingbirds. The area contains a forest that has turned into a peaceful and 42. (harmony) world for both people and birds.
With the hummingbirds flying from flower to flower, some people study them through binoculars(双筒镜) and 43. (other) take pictures with cameras or phones.
“Sometimes it doesn't seem real because we are close to a city of eight million residents 44. generate noise every day，” says Camilo Cantor, a caretaker in the park, whose job is to mix water and sugar and put it in bird feeders along a 300 metre path. “The park is 45. (true) a special place, like an oasis(绿洲). It is a place where people can go 46. (ease) stress, forget about troubles and get 47. break from busy city life，” he added.
Ten years ago, the hill 48. (destroy), mercilessly and completely, meaning there were no trees left on it. But workers began to replant local trees and flowers to bring the forest back 49. life. Presently, visitors to the park can see over 100 species of birds there.
Hummingbirds can 50. (find) only on the American continent and Colombia is home to many different kinds.
提高题
一、 单句语法填空。
1. Li Hua has good knowledge of many foreign languages, and one of them is English which is language spoken by many people in the world.
2. Ryan really had made difference to these children. He broke into
joyful smile.
3. I couldn't remember exact date of the Picasso exhibition, but I knew it was Saturday.
4. College students should be encouraged to use Internet as
resource when planning a term paper.
5. Let's go to cinema, which will take your mind off the problem for
while.
6. experiment took us five months and turned out great disappointment.
7. —Have you heard of death of Steven Jobs
—Yes. It must be shock to Apple fans.
8. —Imagine you are outside when earthquake comes. What should you do
—Go to open space away from buildings or trees.
9. It was thought to be adventure for him to walk across Sahara Desert alone.
10. —What do you think of the grammar book
—Oh, it is really useful reference book, which is worth reading
second time.
二、 语篇填空。
Passage 1
Some people think that porridge(粥) is not 11. (taste). But for me, porridge is delicious. It can be a convenient and very 12. (health) way to start a day.
Porridge is a kind of food 13. (serve) for breakfast in China. It is usually a type of grain, like maize or oat, mixed with either milk or water. It is soft and sticky—14. (thick) than liquid, but not solid. Porridge is very easy to digest, so it's very good for people 15. are ill.
Porridge preparation—the amount of ingredients and cooking time—16.
(depend) on what you choose to use as your porridge base. If I'm cooking for myself, I put some rolled oats in a pan, add some water and milk, and then let the mixture boiled. I stir the porridge constantly.
Once it 17. (cook), the fun part is adding the favours. Porridge alone doesn't have 18. very strong flavour. Although some people think this makes porridge boring, I think this is 19. makes porridge exciting! It is like a blank piece of paper—you can add almost anything you want to the porridge base. Seeds, nuts and dried fruits are a very good 20. (choose) to add and can give you energy for the day.
Passage 2
There is a saying that goes, “All roads lead to Rome.” Roads were essential for the 21. (grow) of the Roman Empire. These roads enabled the Romans to move armies 22. (efficient). At its peak, the Roman road system 23.
(cover) 53，000 miles and contained about 372 links. The Romans were good at constructing these roads, 24. were called viae(路).
Prepared viae began in history as the streets of Rome. The Law of the Twelve Tables(十二铜表法), 25. (date) back to approximately 450 BC, explains that a road shall be 8 feet wide where straight and 16 feet where curved. According to the Tables, Romans are commanded 26. (build) roads that would not need frequent repair.
The Romans had 27. preference for standardization whenever they could. A golden milestone was set up. 28. this milestone were listed all of the cities in the empire and the distances to them.
Roman roads 29. (consider) very important in maintaining both the stability and the expansion of the empire at that time. Even after over 1，000 years, these roads are still used. During the fall of the Roman Empire, the same roads offered 30. (avenue) of invasion to the foreigners. This contributed to the Roman military ruin.
Passage 3
Koalas will stand a better chance of fighting against extinction if drinking stations are set up for them.
Previously, it 31. (think) that koalas only got water through eating leaves, but a new study has found that they are 32. (actual) willing to drink from standing water. The study, 33. (publish) in PLoS One, offers hope of preventing koalas from dying out, with researchers 34. (find) that koalas regularly use artificial water stations—especially during hot and dry periods.
Koala populations along Australia's east coast have been declining 35.
different reasons. Study leader Dr Mella, from the University of Sydney, has been doing field work in Gunnedah in New South Wales, 36. a heatwave killed about one in four of the local koala population in 2009.
During the first 12 37. (month) of the study, Dr Mella and her team recorded koalas' drinking. They also found that 38. total number of visits doubled during summer compared to other seasons. “Koalas regularly use these stations 39. (meet) their water needs and we still need much 40.
(long) time to examine their drinking behavior，” Dr Mella said.
Passage 4
Travelling abroad is gaining more 41. (popular). Therefore, in order to leave a good impression on foreign people and avoid getting 42. (you) into trouble, it is important to know the things that you should never do when you are visiting another country. In Japan, don't tip anyone. Tipping is just not part of 43.
culture. If you leave the tip on the table, they will come running after you with it. Do not enter some certain places 44. your shoes on. For example, some 45. (tradition) Japanese restaurants require you to take off shoes before 46. (enter). Just follow suit and you won't go wrong. When you're in Russia, never give even number of flowers as a gift. That's for dead people. A proper bouquet(花束) should consist of flowers with the number like 1, 3, 5, 7, etc. In some holy(神圣的) places like temples in India, trousers or dresses 47. show anything above the ankles are considered unacceptable and therefore 48.
(official) banned. This 49. (apply) to both sexes. If you're in Singapore, don't feed birds, bring pets into public, or eat or drink on public transport. All of these actions will get you 50. (fine).
基 础 题
一、 1. the　2. an　3. a/the　4. The　5. a　6. the　
7. a; a　8. the　9. an　10. a　11. The　12. /; /　
13. the; a　14. the; a　15. a; the　16. A; the
17. the; a　18. /; a　19. the　20. a　21. a; the　22. a; the　23. a; a　24. the; /　25. a; a　26. a　27. a; the　28. the; a　29. a　30. the; a
二、
Passage 1
31. them　32. a　33. making　34. began　35. asked　36. to have　37. which/that　38. ages　39. is　40. or
31. them　考查代词。句意：波多黎各著名的喜剧演员Raymond Arrieta知道，振奋人们精神的最佳方式之一就是让他们开怀大笑。空处作宾语，指代people，表示“他们”。故填them。
32. a　考查冠词。句意：Arrieta在波多黎各有自己的电视节目，也有单口相声，他说小时候自己就喜欢表演。as a child意为“小时候；作为一个孩子”。故填a。
33. making　考查动词 ing形式。句意：他坚持做喜剧，因为他喜欢逗朋友们笑。enjoy doing sth为固定搭配，意为“喜欢做某事”。故填making。
34. began　考查时态。句意：Arrieta获得广播电视制作学位时，开始在附近的一家咖啡馆表演。空处表示的动作发生在过去，应用过去式。故填began。
35. asked　考查过去分词作状语。句意：当被问及他对那些想成为喜剧演员的人有什么建议时……分析句子结构可知，when引导时间状语从句，完整的从句为“When he was asked what advice he has for those who want to be comedians”，从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，且含有be动词，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。故填asked。
36. to have　考查不定式作主语。句意：Arrieta花了七年才有了自己的节目。It takes/took sb＋时间＋to do sth为固定句型，意为“做某事用了某人多长时间”。故填to have。
37. which/that　考查关系代词。句意：七年前，他为波多黎各一家专门从事癌症治疗的医院举办了一场马拉松竞走。空处引导限制性定语从句修饰hospital，且在从句中作主语。故填which/that。
38. ages　考查名词复数。句意：各个年龄段的人都和他一起走。空处作宾语，表示“年龄”。根据空前的all可知，此处应用名词复数形式。故填ages。
39. is　考查主谓一致。句意：虽然步行训练70公里并不容易，但Arrieta认为这是值得的。动词 ing形式短语作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。根据主句的时态可知，此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故填is。
40. or　考查连词。句意：他说，“每个人都应该微笑，无论是通过戏剧还是善行。”根据语境可知，此处为固定搭配whether… or… ，意为“无论…… 还是…… ”。故填or。
Passage 2
41. Sitting　42. harmonious　43. others　44. that/who　45. truly　46. to ease　47. a　48. was destroyed　49. to
50. be found
41. Sitting　考查现在分词。句意：这个地方坐落在城市东部的蒙塞拉特山顶上。sit和句子主语之间是主动关系，且句首单词首字母要大写。故填Sitting。
42. harmonious　考查形容词。句意：这个地区有一片森林，已经变成了一个人与鸟和谐相处的世界。作定语修饰名词应用形容词。故填harmonious。
43. others　考查固定搭配。句意：蜂鸟从一朵花飞到另一朵花，有些人用双筒镜研究，另一些人还用相机或手机拍照。some … others …，意为“一些……，另一些……”。故填others。
44. who/that　考查定语从句。句意：公园管理员Cantor说：“有时候，这里看起来不太真实，因为我们居住在一个有八百万居民的城市里，我们每天都会产生嗓音。”先行词residents指人。故填who/that。
45. truly　考查副词。句意：这个公园真是个特别的地方，就像绿洲。修饰动词，应用副词。故填truly。
46. to ease　考查不定式。句意：在这里人们可以缓解压力，从繁忙的城市生活中解脱出来。此处用不定式表目的。故填to ease。
47. a　考查冠词。句意见上题解析。此处表泛指，所以用不定冠词。故填a。
48. was destroyed　考查时态和语态。句意：十年前，这座山曾被无情地彻底摧毁。此处表示“被毁掉”，且ago常和一般过去时连用。故填was destroyed。
49. to　考查固定搭配。句意：但工人们开始重新种植当地的树木和花卉，使森林恢复生机。bring … back to life为固定搭配，意为“使……恢复生机”。故填to。
50. be found　考查语态。句意：蜂鸟只有在美洲大陆才能找到。此处表示“被发现”。故填be found。
提 高 题
一、 1. a; a　2. a; a　3. the; a　4. the; a　5. the; a
6. The; a　7. the; a　8. an; an　9. an; the　
10. a; a
二、
Passage 1
11. tasty　12. healthy　13. served　14. thicker
15. who/that　16. depends　17. is cooked　18. a
19. what　20. choice
11. tasty　考查形容词。句意：一些人认为粥不好吃。此处缺少形容词作表语。形容词tasty意为“美味的”，符合题意。故填tasty。
12. healthy　考查形容词。句意：它以一种方便又健康的方式开启新的一天。修饰名词way，用形容词作定语。故填healthy。
13. served　考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国，粥是作为早餐的一种食物。分析句子结构可知，此处用非谓语作后置定语修饰名词food。food与serve之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词表被动。故填served。
14. thicker　考查形容词的比较级。句意：它柔软而粘稠——比液体更稠，但不是固体。根据空后的than可知，此处用形容词的比较级形式。故填thicker。
15. who/that　考查定语从句。句意：粥很容易消化，所以对生病的人很有好处。此处为限定性定语从句，关系词指代先行词people，并在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。
16. depends　考查时态和主谓一致。句意：粥的准备——原料的数量和烹饪时间——取决于你选择什么作为你的基础。此处陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，且主语为“Porridge preparation”，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填depends。
17. is cooked　考查时态和语态。句意：煮上之后，最有趣的部分就是加味儿。此处陈述客观情况，且it与cook之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is cooked。
18. a　考查冠词。句意：粥本身并没有很浓的味道。表示“具体的味道”时，flavour是可数名词，此处用不定冠词表泛指，且very的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
19. what　考查表语从句。句意：虽然有些人认为这让粥乏味，但我认为这是粥令人兴奋的原因。此处为表语从句，从句中缺少主语，应用what引导，表示“……的东西”。故填what。
20. choice　考查名词。句意：种子、坚果和干果是一个很好的选择，可以提供给你一天的能量。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，此处缺少名词作表语。根据空前的a可知，用可数名词单数。故填choice。
Passage 2
21. growth　22. efficiently　23. covered　24. which
25. dating　26. to build　27. a　28. On　29. were considered　30. avenues
21. growth　考查名词。句意：道路对罗马帝国的发展至关重要。根据the可知，此处用名词。故填growth。
22. efficiently　考查副词。句意：这些道路使罗马人能够有效地调动军队。修饰动词move应用副词。故填efficiently。
23. covered　考查时态。句意：在顶峰时期，罗马的道路系统覆盖了53 000英里，包含了大约372个路段。分析句子结构可知，cover为本句的谓语，且时态为一般过去时。故填covered。
24. which　考查关系代词。句意：罗马人擅长修建这些被称为viae的道路。分析句子结构可知，本句是非限制性定语从句，which为先行词代替前面的roads。故填which。
25. dating　考查现在分词。句意：可以追溯到大约公元前450年的十二铜表法解释，道路在直的地方应该8英尺宽，在弯的地方16英尺。分析句子结构可知，“The Law of the Twelve Tables”与date在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填dating。
26. to build　考查动词不定式。句意：罗马人被命令修建不需要频繁维修的道路。be commanded to do sth为固定搭配，意为“被命令做某事”。故填to build。
27. a　考查冠词。句意：只要有可能，罗马人偏爱标准化。have a preference for … 为固定搭配，意为“偏爱…… ”。故填a。
28. On　考查介词。句意：在这个里程碑上，列出了帝国中的所有城市以及它们之间的距离。当地点状语位于句首时，句子完全倒装。“在里程碑上”为on the milestone，符合句意和完全倒装句的用法，且句首单词首字母要大写。故填On。
29. were considered　考查时态和语态。句意：罗马道路在当时被认为对维持帝国的稳定和扩张都非常重要。根据“at that time”可知，句子为一般过去时。consider为谓语，与主语之间是逻辑上的被动关系。根据空前的roads可知，谓语应用复数。故填were considered。
30. avenues　考查名词复数。句意：在罗马帝国垮台期间，同样的道路为外国人提供了入侵的途径。avenue为可数。根据语境可知，应用复数形式。故填avenues。
Passage 3
31. was thought　32. actually　33. published　34. finding
35. for　36. where　37. months　38. the　39. to meet　40. longer
31. was thought　考查固定句型和时态。句意：此前，人们认为考拉只能通过吃树叶来获取水分，但一项新的研究发现，它们实际上愿意从静止的水中喝水。固定句型it be thought that…意为“人们认为……”。根据上文previously可知，为一般过去时，谓语用单数。故填was thought。
32. actually　考查副词。句意见上题解析。修饰下文形容词willing应用副词actually，作状语。故填actually。
33. published　考查非谓语动词。句意：这项发表在《公共科学图书馆期刊》杂志上的研究为防止考拉灭绝提供了希望，研究人员发现考拉经常使用人工水站——尤其是在炎热和干燥的时期。分析句子结构可知，publish在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语study构成被动关系。故填published。
34. finding　考查非谓语动词。句意见上题解析。此处为with的复合结构“with＋宾语＋宾补”。researchers与find构成主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填finding。
35. for　考查介词。句意：由于各种原因，澳大利亚东海岸的考拉数量一直在下降。for different reasons意为“由于各种原因”。故填for。
36. where　考查定语从句。句意：来自悉尼大学的研究负责人Mella博士一直在新南威尔士州的贡内达进行实地研究；2009年，一场热浪导致当地四分之一的考拉死亡。此处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Gunnedah。先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
37. months　考查名词复数。句意：在研究的前12个月里，Mella博士和她的团队记录了考拉的饮水情况。month为可数名词，由12修饰应用复数形式。故填months。
38. the　考查冠词。句意：他们还发现，与其他季节相比，夏季的总游客数量翻了一番。表示“……的总数量”用短语the total number of。故填the。
39. to meet　考查非谓语动词。句意：考拉经常使用这些饮水站来满足它们的饮水需求，我们仍然需要更长的时间来检查它们的饮水行为。表示“用……做某事”用短语use sth to do sth。故填to meet。
40. longer　考查比较级。句意见上题解析。much修饰比较级，表示“更长的”应用longer。故填longer。
Passage 4
41. popularity　42. yourself　43. the　44. with
45. traditional　46. entering/entry　47. that/which
48. officially　49. applies　50. fined
41. popularity　考查名词。句意：国外旅行正受欢迎。空处做宾语，应填名词popularity，不可数名词。故填popularity。
42. yourself　考查反身代词。句意：因此，为了给外国人留下好印象，避免自己陷入麻烦，很重要的一点是知道当你在另一个国家旅游时不要做的事情。根据语境可知，动作发生在主语自己身上，应用反身代词。故填yourself。
43. the　考查冠词。句意：给小费不是日本文化的一部分。此处特指日本文化，需要用定冠词the。故填the。
44. with　考查介词。句意：在特定的地点不能穿鞋进入。此处用with表示伴随状态，意为“穿着”。故填with。
45. traditional　考查形容词。句意：例如，一些传统的日本饭馆要求在进店之前脱掉鞋子。空前是some，且后面是“Japanese restaurants”，因此空处应填形容词。故填traditional。
46. entering/entry　考查非谓语动词。句意见上题解析。句中enter的逻辑主语是you，与主语是主动关系，因此可以填entering。before为介词，其后可接名词，因此也可以填entry。故填entering/entry。
47. that/which　考查定语从句。句意：在印度一些神圣的地方，像是寺庙，不能遮住脚踝以上部位的裤子或者裙子都被认为是不可接受的，因此被官方禁止了。此处是限制性定语从句，先行词是“trousers or dresses”，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。
48. officially　考查副词。句意见上题解析。修饰下文的过去分词banned，需要用副词officially作状语。故填officially。
49. applies　考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：这条禁令男女都适用。主语是This，句子前后时态都为一般现在时。故填applies。
50. fined　考查非谓语动词。句意：所有的这些行为会让你被罚款。空处的提示词fine与宾语you之间存在被动关系，应用过去分词fined作宾语补足语。故填fined。