2023届高考英语二轮复习语法专项突破训练：连词（含解析）

连　词
基础题
一、 单句语法填空。
1. We'll have a picnic near the river tomorrow it rains heavily.
2. The man who is standing under the tree is very poor, he is very helpful.
3. You'd better get up as early as possible, you may miss the train.
4. I am told that it will be at least two weeks my father recovers from his illness.
5. But for now, they all have to postpone their plans the winter storms pass.
6. Located the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.
7. Because of the heavy traffic, it was already lunch break she got to her office.
8. it's more possible for the chimpanzees to keep away from the music with fast rhythm, they did not show an actual preference for the music with slower rhythm.
9. I have heard a lot of good things about you I came back from abroad.
10. Tom and David are both my good friends. David seems very serious,
Tom has a good sense of humour.
11. Most people who took dollars took only a few, Bridges said a very small number took as much as they could.
12. I can't distinguish between amazing amusing.
13. Pesticides can damage the land by killing not only harmful bacteria and insects, also helpful ones.
14. He, cold hungry, spent seven days in the wind and snow.
15. Do you were told.
16. Bring the flowers into a warm room they'll soon open.
17. I don't believe we've met before, I must say you do look familiar.
18. I'm sorry you have been waiting so long, but it will still be some time
you can get your passport.
19. You will never achieve success you keep working hard.
20. She found it increasingly difficult to read, her eyesight was beginning to fail.
21. the outbreak of COVID 19 is a terrible blow to the country, the government is trying hard to bring the situation under control.
22. Lose one hour in the morning you will be looking for it the rest of the day.
23. something unexpected happens, I'll see you tomorrow at school.
24. Alice is fond of playing the piano Mary is interested in listening to music.
25. I really can't remember how the film tune goes, I'll recognize it when I hear it.
26. he could give her sympathy, any practical help was almost beyond him.
27. It doesn't matter you pay by cash or credit in this store.
28. After the war, a new school building was put up there had once been a theatre.
29. regular exercise is very important, it is not a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.
30. I have a tight budget for the trip, so I'm not going to fly the airlines lower ticket prices.
二、 语篇填空。
Passage 1
Providing sound education for the young population is a critical means of ensuring a better Nigeria. Year 2020 31. (introduce) a challenge to education in the form of COVID 19 and nations are adjusting to the disaster. This is the time to give the educational sector the attention it needs so we can measure up 32.
today's global world.
South Africa spends over 20% of its resources on education today. This is in direct contrast to 33. involves Nigeria, which has not increased budget for education over 10% since 1991. We don't have enough resources allocated to our educational sector and the little 34. (allocate) to the sector is not well managed.
There is a need to adapt new technology if we want to be 35. (compete) in today's world. Information technology is beneficial. It promotes inventive thinking and develops effective communication, eventually 36. (lead) to high productivity.
In addition, improvement of teachers' professional development cannot be over emphasized 37. technology will never replace a knowledgeable teacher.
There is also a need to 38. (continue) revise the curriculum for instructional programs. The world has turned into a global village 39. new ideas are pouring in a constant stream. It is, therefore, urgent 40. (update) our curricula by introducing the recent developments in the relevant fields.
Passage 2
The opening ceremony of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games on the evening of Feb. 4 was different, yet spectacular(引人入胜的). The audiences were treated to a pared down(简约的) ceremony, 41. the large scale artistic performances that marked the 2008 opening ceremony, 42. it was no less symbolic—symbolic of a shared future for humankind. The final torch(火炬) at the snowflake themed ceremony was small, yet the flames conveyed significant messages of 43. (green) Olympic Games. The use of 44. (advance) technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine vision, 5G and cloud broadcasting 45. (add) to the novelty of the opening ceremony. The performances, carrying forward the theme of global peace and a shared future for humankind, focused on environmental protection and human health, 46. (highlight) the importance of sports to instill(灌输) new confidence in the international community
47. (contain) the pandemic(大流行病). Through the opening ceremony on Feb. 4, people could clearly see China's pursuit of building a peaceful world, its 48.
(reflect) of the new Olympic motto of “Faster, Higher, Stronger—Together” and the Beijing Winter Games' motto of “Together for a Shared Future”．
Today, 49. over 300 million people engaged in winter sports in about 2，000 ski resorts and ice rinks, China is becoming a winter sport country. This extraordinary achievement opens a new era for global winter sport, 50.
will raise the global participation to new levels, benefiting the Chinese people as well as winter sport enthusiasts around the world.
提高题
一、 单句语法填空。
1. We welcome criticism, we should strongly condemn abuse.
2. birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.
3. Lily was about to close the window her attention was caught by a kite.
4. Just accept the disabled for who they are, and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life you do.
5. time went by, the colour of the wall faded out.
6. you could imagine, if the first aid was given in time, the injured would be saved.
7. The law of market shows a product becomes rare to reach, its price will certainly rocket.
8. Many senior students have just reached a point they can control their moods and actions.
9. If you happen to get lost in the wild, you'd better stay you are and wait for help.
10. You can't use the computer now, the upgrade of the system is under way.
二、 语篇填空。
Passage 1
Waste Management Booming
Several sculptures made from cans, tires and plastic bottles11. (display) around a recyclable transfer center in Shanghai last year. The idea of making sculptures with trash is to make people aware that trash can be useful when12. (sort) properly.
It was in 2018, 13. the Chinese government emphasized the importance of trash classification, that the initiative(倡议) started to get on the fast track. The question “What kind of trash are you (carrying)？” became a popular joke when Shanghai enforced a law that household waste is required to be sorted14.
four categories: recyclables, kitchen, hazardous(危险的) and residual waste.15. many people doubted it initially, the trash sorting programme has achieved great success. Moreover, in the16. (propose) for the 14th Five Year Plan(2021—2025), the Central Committee said the country should accelerate the building of waste recycling systems.
Besides the efforts made by the government, many companies are entering the trash separation and recycling market. Huazhan Environment, 17. high tech company in Jiangsu Province, launched a new brand, Mr Cat in English, selling intelligent trash stations and bins to communities.18. (equip) with cameras, sensors and screens, the smart trash stations are19. (interact) and help people20. (reasonable) deal with different kinds of trash. They can also alert waste transportation companies when bins are full.
Passage 2
Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth floor apartment balcony, Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2 metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the 21. (fall) child.
Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say he'll be OK.
22. Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell 23. (sleep) while watching TV.
Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up 24. (see) them. When he looked down, he 25. (accidental) slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes 26. screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him.
Henry 27. (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly 28. (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out.
“He saved my 29. (son) life，”said Mrs Brown. “I don't know 30
to thank him.”
“I just didn't want the boy to be hurt，” said Henry.
Passage 3
An electric car is an automobile that is driven by one or more electric motors, using electrical energy stored in rechargeable batteries or another energy storage device. The first 31. (practice) electric cars were produced in the 1880s. Electric cars were popular in the late 19th century and early 20th century. Since 2008, 32. boom in electric vehicle producing 33. (occur)due to the progress in batteries and energy management, concerns about increasing oil prices, and the need 34. (reduce) greenhouse gas emissions(排放).
Nowadays, electric cars 35. (design)for common people. Engineers are working to make them more attractive to future buyers. Electric cars' capacity for speed has increased 36. (dramatic) in recent years, and world speed records for these vehicles now top 300 miles per hour. Additionally, advancements in 37.
(efficient) are making some potential buyers consider replacing a gasoline powered vehicle with a new, attractive, electric powered model. Another attraction for people is 38. in many areas, electric cars are qualified 39.
carpool lane access. 40. the traffic on the freeway is heavy during your rush hour commute(通勤), an electric car may be just the solution you need to get you moving to work, school, home, or wherever you are travelling.
Passage 4
China launched its first solar observation satellite on October 14, 2021 from the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Centre. The satellite 41. (equip) with China's first solar telescope in space and can observe the deep red H Alpha line of the solar spectrum(光谱), enabling 42. (science) to study solar flares(太阳耀斑). It is called the Chinese H Alpha Solar Explorer. It 43. has a Chinese name, Xihe(羲和), the name of the sun goddess 44. ancient Chinese fairy tales.
The satellite weighs 550 kilograms. Its orbit around the Earth can keep it in 45.
fixed position relative to the sun. It can observe the sun, collect data 46.
create solar images.
Experts say the launch of the new satellite marks the beginning of China's 47.
(explore) of the sun from space. This new Chinese satellite functions 48.
(differ) from those launched by other countries. It is the first in the world
49. (observe) the H Alpha spectrum of the sun, 50. reacts most strongly to solar flares.
基 础 题
一、 1. unless　2. but　3. or　4. before　5. until/till
6. where　7. when　8. Although/Though　9. since
10. while　11. but　12. and　13. but　14. and
15. as　16. and　17. although/though　18. before　19. unless　20. for　21. Although/Though/While　22. and　23. Unless　24. while　25. but
26. Although/Though/While　27. whether
28. where　29. Although/Though/While　30. unless
二、
Passage 1
31. introduced　32. to　33. what　34. allocation
petitive　36. leading　37. because/since/as
38. continuously　39. where　40. to update
31. introduced　考查时态。句意：2020年以疫情的形式对教育提出了挑战，各国正在适应这场灾难。根据主语“Year 2020”可知，句子描述的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填introduced。
32. to　考查介词。句意：现在是给予教育部门所需关注的时候了，以便于我们能与当今全球保持一致。measure up to sth为固定搭配，意为“与某物保持一致”，所以空处应用介词to。故填to。
33. what　考查宾语从句。句意：这与尼日利亚的情况形成了直接对比，尼日利亚自1991年以来的教育预算增长率一直没有超过10%。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作介词to的宾语，从句中缺少主语，表示“什么”，应用what引导。故填what。
34. allocation　考查名词。句意：我们没有足够的资源分配给我们的教育部门，分配给该部门的少量资源也没有得到很好的管理。根据语境可知，此处表示“分配给教育部分的资源没有得到很好的管理”，空处应用名词allocation，表示“分配的东西”，作and之后句子的主语。故填allocation。
petitive　考查形容词。句意：如果我们想在当今世界上具有竞争力，就需要适应新技术。根据语境可知，此处表示“想要在当今世界上有竞争力”，所以空处应用形容词competitive，意为“有竞争力的”。故填competitive。
36. leading　考查非谓语动词。句意：它促进创造性思维，发展有效沟通，最终实现高生产率。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语动词；再根据语境可知，“促进创造性思维和发展有效沟通”，自然而然产生的结果是“导致高生产率”，所以空处应用现在分词形式，作结果状语。故填leading。
37. because/since/as　考查连词。句意：此外，教师专业发展的改善再怎么强调也不为过，因为技术永远不会取代知识渊博的教师。根据语境可知，上下句之间是因果关系，此处表示“因为技术永远不会取代知识渊博的教师”，空处应用because/since/as引导原因状语从句。故填because/since/as。
38. continuously　考查副词。句意：还需要不断修订教学计划的课程。空处修饰动词revise，应用副词形式，作状语。故填continuously。
39. where　考查定语从句。句意：世界已经变成了一个地球村，新思想源源不断地涌入其中。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“a global village”，先行词指地点，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
40. to update　考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，迫切需要通过引入相关领域的最新发展来更新我们的课程。分析句子结构可知，It是形式主语，空处应用不定式形式，作真正的主语。故填to update。
Passage 2
41. without/unlike　42. but/yet　43. greener
44. advanced　45. added　46. highlighting
47. to contain　48. reflection　49. with　50. which
41. without/unlike　考查介词。句意：观众们享受了一个简约的仪式，没有(不像)2008年开幕式上的大型艺术表演，但它同样具有象征意义——象征着人类共同的未来。分析句子结构以及空后名词performances可知，空处应用介词。根据语境可知，空前“a pared down ceremony”与空后“the large scale artistic performances”形成对比，表示“没有，不像”。故填without/unlike。
42. but/yet　考查连词。句意见上题解析。分析句子结构可知，空处应用连词。根据语境可知，虽然观众们享受简约的仪式，但同样具有象征意义，此处应表示转折。故填but/yet。
43. greener　考查比较级。句意：以雪花为主题的仪式上的最后一个火炬很小，但火焰传达了更绿色的奥运会的重要信息。根据空后名词“Olympic Games”可知，空处应用形容词。根据语境可知，此处表示“更绿色的”，需要用形容词的比较级。故填greener。
44. advanced　考查形容词。句意：人工智能、机器视觉、5G、云广播等先进技术的运用，为开幕式增添了新奇感。根据空后名词technologies可知，空处应用形容词作定语。advance的形容词形式为advanced。故填advanced。
45. added　考查动词时态。句意见上题解析。分析句子结构可知，空处应用动词作谓语。根据文章时态为一般过去时可知，此处用动词过去式。故填added。
46. highlighting　考查非谓语动词。句意：这些表演发扬了全球和平与人类命运共同体的主题，聚焦环境保护和人类健康，突出了体育对国际社会遏制疫情新信心的重要性。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词，与逻辑主语“The performances”之间的逻辑关系是主动，所以用现在分词作结果状语。故填highlighting。
47. to contain　考查非谓语动词。句意见上题解析。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处表达“来遏制疫情”，所以用不定式作目的状语。故填to contain。
48. reflection　考查名词。句意：通过2月4日的开幕式，人们可以清楚地看到中国对建设和平世界的追求，它反映了“更快、更高、更强——更团结”的新奥运口号和北京冬奥会的座右铭“携手共进，共创美好未来”。根据空前形容词性物主代词its可知，空处应用名词。reflect是动词，意为“反映”，其名词形式是reflection。故填reflection。
49. with　考查介词。句意：如今，有超过3亿人在约2 000个滑雪胜地和溜冰场从事冬季运动，中国正在成为冬季运动国家。分析句子结构可知，空处应用介词作状语，表伴随，意为“带有”。故填with。
50. which　考查定语从句。句意：这一非凡的成就开启了全球冬季运动的新时代，将把全球参与提升到新的水平，造福中国人民和世界各地的冬季运动爱好者。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，由关系代词which连接。故填which。
提 高 题
一、 1. but　2. Although/Though/While　3. when　4. as
5. As　6. As　7. once　8. where　9. where　10. as
二、
Passage 1
11. were displayed　12. sorted　13. when　14. into
15. Though/Although/While　16. proposal　17. a
18. Equipped　19. interactive　20. reasonably
11. were displayed　考查时态。句意：去年，在上海的一个回收中心周围展出了几件由易拉罐、轮胎和塑料瓶制成的雕塑。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中为谓语。根据句中“last year”可知，需要用一般过去时。句子主语“Several sculptures”和动词display为动宾关系，所以用被动语态。故填were displayed。
12. sorted　考查状语从句的省略。句意：用垃圾做雕塑的想法是让人们意识到垃圾在正确分类的情况下是有用的。本句中，“when ________(sort) properly”为省略的状语从句。主语为trash，和sort为动宾关系，其完整句式为： when trash is sorted properly，此处省略了trash和is。故填sorted。
13. when　考查定语从句。句意：2018年，中国政府强调了垃圾分类的重要性，垃圾分类工作开始走上快车道。分析句子结构可知，“________ the Chinese government emphasized the importance of trash classification”为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“in 2018”，在从句中充当时间状语，所以填关系副词when。故填when。
14. into　考查介词。句意：当上海实施了一项法律，规定家庭垃圾必须分为四类：可回收垃圾、厨余垃圾、有害垃圾和残留垃圾时，“你(拿的)是什么垃圾？ ”这个问题成了一个流行的笑话。sort … into … 为固定搭配，意为“把……分成……”。 故填into。
15. Though/Although/While　考查连词。句意：尽管许多人最初对此表示怀疑，但垃圾分类计划取得了巨大的成功。分析句子结构可知，逗号后与上文的意义表示转折，所以此处为让步状语从句，且句首单词首字母要大写。故填Though/Although/While。
16. proposal　考查名词。句意：此外，在第 14个五年计划(2021—2025)的倡议书中，中央委员会表示，国家应该加快垃圾回收系统的建设。根据空前的定冠词the可知，此处要用名词。动词propose意为“建议”，其名词形式为proposal。此处特指第14个五年计划的倡议书，用单数名词。故填proposal。
17. a　考查冠词。句意：华展环境，一家江苏省的高科技公司，推出了一个新品牌，猫先生，向社区出售智能垃圾站和垃圾箱。company为可数名词，此处泛指一家高科技公司，且high tech为辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
18. Equipped　考查非谓语动词。句意：智能垃圾站配有摄像头、传感器和屏幕，具有互动性，帮助人们合理地处理各种各样的垃圾。分析句子结构可知，equip和逻辑主语“the smart trash stations”为动宾关系，所以此处要用过去分词，且句首单词首字母要大写。故填Equipped。
19. interactive　考查形容词。句意见上题解析。根据空前的系动词are可知，此处要用形容词。动词interact意为“交往，互动”，其形容词形式为interactive。故填interactive。
20. reasonably　考查副词。句意见第18小题解析。根据空后的动词短语“deal with”可知，此处要用副词。故填reasonably。
Passage 2
21. falling　22. The　23. asleep　24. to see
25. accidentally　26. and　27. was fixing　28. threw　29. son's　30. how
21. falling　考查非谓语动词。句意：当Henry看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时，他跑了100米，跳过了1.2米高的栅栏，伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中已有谓语动词，所以空处应该使用非谓语动词。fall为动词，意为“掉落”，child和fall之间是主动关系，同时表示正在进行的含义，故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。
22. The　考查冠词。句意：布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。分析句子结构可知，空处要填写冠词与“Brown family”构成名词短语作主语。the＋姓氏意为“某某一家人”。句首单词首字母要大写。故填The。
23. asleep　考查形容词。句意：他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。分析句子结构可知，空处应该填写形容词作表语。sleep为动词，意为“睡觉”，其形容词为asleep。fall asleep为固定搭配，意为“入睡”。故填asleep。
24. to see　考查非谓语动词。句意：过了一会儿，Eric听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音，醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。句中已有谓语动词，所以空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据语境可知，他要爬到阳台去看他们(外面玩闹的孩子们)，故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。
25. accidentally　考查副词。句意：当他往下看时，不小心滑了一跤，从阳台边上掉了下去。分析句子结构可知，空处应该填写副词修饰动词slipped。accidental为形容词，意为“意外的，失误的”，其副词为accidentally，意为“意外地，失误地”，符合句意。故填accidentally。
26. and　考查连词。句意：他坚持了几分钟，尖叫喊着他的父亲，但他的父亲没有听到。分析句子结构可知，空处应该填写连词，连接hung和screamed两个动作。根据语境可知，此处表示并列关系。故填and。
27. was fixing　考查动词时态。句意：听到尖叫声时，Henry正在修车。分析句子结构可知，空处应该填写谓语动词。根据空后的“when he heard the screams”可知，空处的动作是正在发生的，同时该句描述的是过去的事实，故使用过去进行时。fix为动词，意为“修理”，其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。
28. threw　考查动词时态。句意：他迅速把工具扔到一边，伸出胳膊跑了起来。分析句子结构可知，空处与空后的“and started”构成并列结构，故应该使用一般过去时。throw为动词，意为“扔”，过去时为threw。故填threw。
29. son's　考查名词所有格。句意：他拯救了我儿子的生命。根据语境可知，life与提示词son之间是所属关系，故应该使用名词所有格。故填son's。
30. how　考查特殊疑问词。句意：我不知道如何去感谢他。分析句子结构可知，空处填写的是“特殊疑问词＋to do不定式结构”作宾语。how意为“如何”，符合句意。故填how。
Passage 3
31. practical　32. a　33. has occurred　34. to reduce　35. are designed　36. dramatically　37. efficiency
38. that　39. for　40. If
31. practical　考查形容词。句意：第一批实用的电动汽车是在19世纪80年代生产的。空后的“electric cars”为名词词组，所以此处用形容词修饰名词。故填practical。
32. a　考查冠词。句意：自2008年以来，由于电池和能源管理的进步、对油价上涨的担忧以及减少温室气体排放的需要，电动汽车的生产出现了繁荣。boom意为“繁荣”，此处为可数名词，表示泛指。boom以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a。故填a。
33. has occurred　考查动词时态。句意见上题解析。根据“Since 2008”可知，该句时态为现在完成时。故填has occurred。
34. to reduce　考查非谓语动词。句意见第32小题解析。need 后面需跟动词不定式。故填to reduce。
35. are designed　考查动词时态。句意：如今，电动汽车为普通老百姓设计，飞入寻常百姓家。根据Nowadays可知，此处使用一般现在时。主语“electric cars”与动词design为被动关系，且为复数形式。故填are designed。
36. dramatically　考查副词。句意：近年来，电动汽车的速度能力显著提高，现在这些汽车的世界速度纪录已达到每小时300英里。空处修饰动词increase，应该用副词形式。故填dramatically。
37. efficiency　考查名词。句意：此外，能效的提高也让一些潜在买家开始考虑用新的、有吸引力的电动汽车取代汽油动力汽车。分析句子结构可知，“advancements in ________”为该句的主语，且介词in后面一般跟名词或代词，故空处应该用名词形式。efficient的名词形式为efficiency。故填efficiency。
38. that　考查表语从句。句意：另一个吸引人的地方是，在很多地区，电动汽车都有资格进入拼车车道。分析句子结构可知，该句为表语从句，空后的句子作“Another attraction”的表语，that可引导表语从句，用来陈述事实。故填that。
39. for　考查介词。句意见上题解析。be qualified for为固定搭配，意为“有……的资格”。故填for。
40. If　考查条件状语从句。句意：如果在你上下班高峰期路上的交通很拥挤，那电动汽车也许是一个解决办法。分析句子结构可知，该句为条件状语从句。if可引导条件状语从句，且句首单词首字母要大写。故填If。
Passage 4
41. is equipped　42. scientists　43. also　44. in　45. a　46. and　47. exploration　48. differently　49. to observe
50. which
41. is equipped　考查语态和时态。句意：该卫星配备了中国第一台太空太阳望远镜，可以观测太阳光谱的深红色H Alpha线，使科学家能够研究太阳耀斑。分析句子结构可知，此空应填谓语动词。主语“The satellite”为第三人称单数，且和equip是被动关系。故填is equipped。
42. scientists　考查名词复数。句意见上题解析。根据下文“study solar flares”可知，此处应填科学家，且根据语境可知，应用复数。故填scientists。
43. also　考查副词。句意：它被称为中国H Alpha太阳探测器。它还有一个中文名字，羲和，中国古代童话中太阳女神的名字。根据上文“Chinese H Alpha Solar Explorer”可知，这是它的一个名字，而羲和“也”是它的一个名字，所以此处应填副词also。故填also。
44. in　考查介词。句意见上题解析。in fairy tales为固定搭配，意为“在童话中”。故填in。
45. a　考查冠词。句意：这颗卫星重550公斤。它绕地球的轨道可以使它保持相对于太阳的固定位置。分析句子结构可知，此处表泛指一个固定的位置。故填a。
46. and　考查连词。句意：它可以观察太阳，收集数据和创建太阳图像。分析句子结构可知，动词observe，collect和create是三个并列关系，应填并列连词and。故填and。
47. exploration　考查名词。句意：专家表示，这颗新卫星的发射标志着中国从太空探索太阳的开始。根据上文China's可知，此处应填名词，且exploration为不可数名词。故填exploration。
48. differently　考查副词。句意：这颗中国新卫星的功能与其他国家发射的卫星不同。分析句子结构可知，此处应填副词修饰前面的动词 functions。故填differently。
49. to observe　考查非谓语动词。句意：这是世界上第一次观测到太阳的H Alpha光谱，它对太阳耀斑的反应最强烈。It is the first to do sth为固定句型，意为“第一次做某事”。故填to observe。
50. which　考查定语从句。句意见上题解析。分析句子结构可知，空处及之后内容为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“H Alpha spectrum”，在从句中作主语。故填which。