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【2023赢在中考】英语二轮专题解读与强化训练
专题14 祈使句和倒装句
考纲解读
考纲解读
考纲解读
从近年中考试题的情况来看，对倒装句和祈使句的考查，占相当的比重。因为倒装句和祈使句的变化多，而且是英语的核心部分，所以在进行专项或知识点复习时，务必把倒装句和祈使句的部分作为复习的重点，不但要把常见的基本概念搞清楚，而且有必要做大量的相应练习。这样才能在实际应用中少出错或不出错。
祈使句（Imperative Sentence）是英语中的一个句式，也是用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子。祈使句最常用于表达命令，因此在学校文法中也常称为命令句。
结构
1.肯定的祈使句结构
(1)be+形容词/名词
例：Be quiet for a moment.
请安静一会
(2)实义动词原形+其他成分
例：Make your own rules.
给自己制定规划
(3)let+宾语+动词原形+其他
例：Let's run to the police station on fourth street.
我们跑去第四大街上的警察局吧
2.否定句的祈使句的结构
(1)Don't+动词原形
例：Don't eat in the classroom.
不要在教室里吃东西
(2)Let's+ not+动词原形
例：Let's not say anything about it.
对于这件事，咱们什么也不要说
(3)用否定副词never构成，以加强否定含义
例：Never judge a person by looks.
绝不能以貌取人
祈使句（Imperative Sentence）用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句，祈使句最常用于表达命令，因此在学校文法中也常称为命令句。
祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末则使用句号来表示结束。
例：
Go and wash your hands.
（去洗你的手。——命令）
Be quiet, please.（Please be quiet.）
（请安静。——请求）
"let"祈使句
由"let"带头的祈使句(Imperative Sentences)是个常见的动词句型，它的主要用法有下列三种：
1．表示“建议”。
这个句型里的"let"后头紧跟着一个第一人称的代词宾语。
如：
(1) Let me try.
(2) Let's do it.
2．表示“间接命令”或“愿望”。
这句型里的动词宾语是第三人称名词或代词。
如：
Let Robert take charge of the marketing department.
Let her join our choir.
3．表示“警告”、“蔑视”、“威胁”等。
这种祈使句里的宾语也是第三人称为主。除了口气凶悍之外，有时还语带讽刺。
如：
Let him try and he will expose his inability to work on his own.
Let the invaders come and our armed forces will wipe them out in no time.
用"let"的祈使句时，必须注意下列几点：
一、"let" 的否定句有。
二、如果宾语是第三人称用"Don't let....."；
如果宾语是第一人称，则用"Let......not" ：
Don't let this type of things happen again.
It's raining now. Let's not go out until after the rain.
二、"Let"只适用于现在时态，可以有被动语态(the passive voice)。
如：
Let the recalcitrant criminals be sent to prison.
Let all the dedicated capable staff be promoted.
三、"Let"后头除了是不带"to"的不定式动词 (The infinitive without"to")之外，还可以是某些适当的副词，如out,in,down,alone等：
Let the puppy out.
Open the windows and let the fresh air in.
四、用"Let's"时，把谈话者的对象包括在内；用"Let us"时，并不包括对方。
如：
(17) Let's try it, shall we
(18) Let us do it by ourselves, will you
肯定的祈使句
a.句型：动词原形～.（省略主语）
Stand up.起立。
b.有时，为了加强语气，可以在动词之前加do
Do sit down.
务必请坐。
c.用客气的语气表示祈使句时，可在句首或句尾加上please，但如果在句尾加please，那在please之前一定要加一个逗号“，”。
Go this way，please.
请这边走。
d.祈使句中如果有唤语，一定要用逗号“，”隔开，放在句首或句尾。
Li Ming，come here.
李明，过来。
Come here，Li Ming.
过来，李明。
倒 装 句
倒装作为一种语法现象，主要包括完全倒装（有的书称之为全部倒装）和部分倒装（有的书称之为半倒装或不完全例装）两种。完全倒装就是把谓语动词完全放在主语之前，而部分倒装就是把助动词、系动词或情态动词提到主语之前。
倒装条件 例句
一般疑问句中，将助动词放到主语之前，构成部分倒装。 Do you like eating apples
你喜欢吃苹果吗？
特殊疑问句中，疑问词作宾语、表语或状语，需要将其置于句首，将助动词置于主语前构成部分倒装。 Where have you been these days
这些天你到哪里去了？
"only+状语/状语从句＂位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。 Only in this way can you improve your grade.
只有用这种方法你才能提高自己的成绩。
倒装条件 例句
表示否定意义的词或短语，如little, hardly, never, in no case, seldom等，放在句首时，句子要用部分倒装。 Hardly a day goes by without a visit from someone.
几乎没有一天没有来访者。
虚拟条件句中，从句谓语部分中有were, had或should可省略if，把were，had或should提到主语前。 Should we succeed, we would be rich.
我们一旦成功就发财了。
" so... that...＂句型中，"so+adj. /adv.＂位于句首时。 So fast did he run that we couldn’t catch up with him.
他跑得如此快，以至于我们赶不上他。
倒装条件 例句
表示＂也(不) ……＂的句式，即＂so/neither/nor+助动词/情态动词/be+主语＂形式。 I don’t like it; neither do I care it.
我不喜欢它，也不在意它。
某些含有否定含义的词位于句首时，如not only…but also，hardly…when，no…sooner…than, not…until等，主句用部分倒装。 Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking.
直到老师进来学生们才停止讲话。
may表示祝愿时用部分倒装。 May you have a good time!
祝你玩得愉快！
【易错警示】
1.特殊疑问句中，如果疑问词作主语或修饰主语时，则不用倒装。
Who knows the answer to this question 谁知道这个问题的答案？
2. ＂so+主语+谓语＂结构不用倒装。
—Jimmy is good at playing football. 吉米足球踢得很好。
—So he is. 的确。
完全倒装
【典例】1. —I have read the book Sence and Sensibility.
— ________________.
A. So have I B. Neither have I C. So I have
【答案】A
【解析】答语表示＂我也读过这本书＂，用＂so+助动词+主语＂结构，即So have I。
倒装条件 例句
表示方位、地点、时间、次序的词，如in, out, up, there, then, here, first等放在句首，若主语是名词而不是代词时，句子用完全倒装 Here comes the bus.
公交车来了。
Here he comes.
他来了。
分词短语置于句首时，句子用完全倒装 Lying on the couch is an old lady.
躺在睡椅上的是一位老太太。
倒装条件 例句
There be句型是全倒装的一种 There are a number of teachers and students in the school.
在这所学校有很多老师和学生。
作表语的such位于句首时 Such are the most powerful voices of our times!
这些就是我们时代的最强音!
【巧学助记】全部倒装并不难，需要记住这几点；位置副词there句首，表语such提句前，介词短语表地点，全部倒装谓在前。 【辨析】so＋助动词/be动词/情态动词＋主语和neither＋助动词/be动词/情态动词＋主语的区别
区 别
so＋助动词/be动词/情态动词＋主语 依附于肯定句，表示前边的肯定情况也适合后边的人(物)，意为＂……也……＂。
neither＋助动词/be动词/情态动词＋主语 依附于否定句，表示前边的否定情况也适合后边的人(物)，意为＂……也不……＂。
Tom watched TV last night, so did Ann.汤姆昨晚看电视了，安也看了。
Mary didn’t watch TV last night, neither did Jim.玛丽昨晚没有看电视，吉姆也没看。
【注意】若对前面所说的事实加以肯定时，应用＂so＋主语＋be/助动词/情态动词＂。此时前后两个句子的主语为同一个人或物。
这两种结构常用来说明前面所说的情况也同样适用于后面的人或物，意思是＂某人（物）也（不）是这样＂。这种结构中的＂助动词/be动词/情态动词＂在形式上与前句的谓语保持一致，而其单复数形式则由后句的主语决定。
Lucy is a good student, so is Lily. 露西是个好学生，莉莉也是。
倒装句速记口诀
副词开头要例装，人称代词则如常。
only修饰副介状，位于句首半倒装。
否定意义副连词，＂既不…也不＂须倒装。
表语前置主语长，衔接自然常倒装。
such代词做表语，引起主谓要倒装。
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【2023赢在中考】-中考英语二轮专题解读与强化训练学案
专题14 祈使句和倒装句
考向一：祈使句的基本用法
祈使句是用来表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等的句子。常省略主语，谓语动词用原形。
1. 肯定的祈使句
①句型：动词原形＋其他成分。
Be careful! 小心！
②＂Do＋祈使句＂表示一种强烈的感情或请求，do起强调作用。
③please用在祈使句中可以表示一种客气的语气，但please用在句末时，必须用逗号与其余部分隔开。
Close the door, please. 请关门。
2. 否定的祈使句
①常用句型：Don’t＋动词原形＋其他成分。
Don’t be late for school again! 别再迟到了！
②用Never开头：Never＋动词原形＋其他成分。
Never leave today’s work for tomorrow! 不要把今天的工作留到明天！
3. Let引导的祈使句
以Let开头的句子也是祈使句，表示陈述和建议。其否定形式有两种：Let...not或Don’t...
Let us not be late. 让我们不要迟到。
Don’t let the boy play football in the street. 不要让这个男孩在街上踢足球。
（2021·山东菏泽市·中考真题）—Is anything worth seeing in Xi’an
—Yes. Don’t _____ the amazing Terracotta Army.
A．offer B．miss C．share
【答案】B
【详解】句意：—西安有什么值得一看的吗？—有的。不要错过令人惊叹的兵马俑。考查动词辨析。offer提供；miss错过；share分享。根据“Don’t…the amazing Terracotta Army.”可知，不能错过兵马俑，故选B。
考向二：祈使句与简单句、复合句之间的转换
1. ＂Let’s + 动词原形 + 其他＂可转换为＂Shall we + 动词原形 + 其他 ＂。
Let’s go fishing this afternoon.
=Shall we go fishing this afternoon
2. ＂祈使句 + and/or + 简单句＂可转换为含if引导的条件状语从句的复合句。
Use your head, and you’ll find a way.
=If you use your head, you’ll find a way.
Hurry up, or we’ll be late.
=If we don’t hurry up, we’ll be late.
（2022·吉林长春·中考真题）Don’t throw rubbish everywhere, ________ our environment will get worse.
A．but B．so C．and D．or
【答案】D
【详解】句意：不要到处扔垃圾，否则我们的环境会变得更糟。
考查连词辨析。but但是；so因此；and和；or否则。根据“Don’t throw rubbish everywhere,… our environment will get worse.”可知，不要扔垃圾否则环境就会更糟，故选D。
考向三：祈使句的应答语
1. 以Let’s开头的祈使句，其答语常用Good idea. /OK. /Yes, I’d love to. 等。
—Let’s go to the park. 让我们去公园吧。
—Good idea. 好主意。
2. 其他肯定祈使句的应答语为Yes, I will. ；否定祈使句的应答语为Sorry/No, I won’t(do it again). 。
—It’s going to rain. Remember to take an umbrella with you. 就要下雨了。记着带上雨伞。
—Thanks, I will. 谢谢，我会的。
—Don’t play with my cat. 不要和我的猫玩。
—Sorry, I won’t do it again. 对不起，我将不再那样做了。
—Wish you good luck in the entrance exam.
—____________. The same to you.
A. Thank you B. See you C. I’m sorry to hear that
【答案】A
【解析】对别人的美好祝愿应表示感谢。故选A。
祈使句用法口诀祈使句，无主语，动词开头就可以。表示请求或命令，加上please表客气。要想变成否定句，Don’t开头别忘记。
倒装句
考向一：部分倒装
倒装条件 例句
一般疑问句中，将助动词放到主语之前，构成部分倒装。 Do you like eating apples 你喜欢吃苹果吗？
特殊疑问句中，疑问词作宾语、表语或状语，需要将其置于句首，将助动词置于主语前构成部分倒装。 Where have you been these days 这些天你到哪里去了？
"only+状语/状语从句＂位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。 Only in this way can you improve your grade. 只有用这种方法你才能提高自己的成绩。
表示否定意义的词或短语，如little, hardly, never, in no case, seldom等，放在句首时，句子要用部分倒装。 Hardly a day goes by without a visit from someone. 几乎没有一天没有来访者。
虚拟条件句中，从句谓语部分中有were, had或should可省略if，把were，had或should提到主语前。 Should we succeed, we would be rich. 我们一旦成功就发财了。
" so... that...＂句型中，"so+adj. /adv.＂位于句首时。 So fast did he run that we couldn’t catch up with him. 他跑得如此快，以至于我们赶不上他。
表示＂也(不) ……＂的句式，即＂so/neither/nor+助动词/情态动词/be+主语＂形式。 I don’t like it; neither do I care it. 我不喜欢它，也不在意它。
某些含有否定含义的词位于句首时，如not only…but also，hardly…when，no…sooner…than, not…until等，主句用部分倒装。 Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking.直到老师进来学生们才停止讲话。
may表示祝愿时用部分倒装。 May you have a good time! 祝你玩得愉快！
【易错警示】1.特殊疑问句中，如果疑问词作主语或修饰主语时，则不用倒装。Who knows the answer to this question 谁知道这个问题的答案？2. ＂so+主语+谓语＂结构不用倒装。—Jimmy is good at playing football. 吉米足球踢得很好。—So he is. 的确。
—I will go swimming this afternoon, Daming.
—If you go, so _____ I.
A．will B．do C．am D．have
【答案】A
【详解】句意：—大明，我今天下午要去游泳。—如果你去，我也去。考查时态和助动词。if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，所以此处用助动词will，故选A。
考向二：完全倒装
倒装条件 例句
表示方位、地点、时间、次序的词，如in, out,up, there, then, here, first等放在句首，若主语是名词而不是代词时，句子用完全倒装 Here comes the bus. 公交车来了。Here he comes. 他来了。
分词短语置于句首时，句子用完全倒装 Lying on the couch is an old lady. 躺在睡椅上的是一位老太太。
There be句型是全倒装的一种 There are a number of teachers and students in the school. 在这所学校有很多老师和学生。
作表语的such位于句首时 Such are the most powerful voices of our times!这些就是我们时代的最强音!
【巧学助记】全部倒装并不难，需要记住这几点；位置副词there句首，表语such提句前，介词短语表地点，全部倒装谓在前。
—I have never been to Tenglong Cave.
—_____
A．Neither do I. B．So have I. C．Neither have I.
【答案】C
【详解】句意：—我从来没有去过腾龙洞。—我也没去过。考查倒装句。前者的情况也同样适用于后者，so用于肯定句，这里句子是否定句，用neither+助动词+主语的倒装句式，其中的助动词与第一句的助动词一致，原句中have是助动词，故选C。
【辨析】so＋助动词/be动词/情态动词＋主语和neither＋助动词/be动词/情态动词＋主语的区别
区别
so＋助动词/be动词/情态动词＋主语 依附于肯定句，表示前边的肯定情况也适合后边的人(物)，意为＂……也……＂。
neither＋助动词/be动词/情态动词＋主语 依附于否定句，表示前边的否定情况也适合后边的人(物)，意为＂……也不……＂。
Tom watched TV last night, so did Ann.汤姆昨晚看电视了，安也看了。
Mary didn’t watch TV last night, neither did Jim.玛丽昨晚没有看电视，吉姆也没看。
【注意】若对前面所说的事实加以肯定时，应用＂so＋主语＋be/助动词/情态动词＂。此时前后两个句子的主语为同一个人或物。
这两种结构常用来说明前面所说的情况也同样适用于后面的人或物，意思是＂某人（物）也（不）是这样＂。这种结构中的＂助动词/be动词/情态动词＂在形式上与前句的谓语保持一致，而其单复数形式则由后句的主语决定。
Lucy is a good student, so is Lily. 露西是个好学生，莉莉也是。
单项选择
1．（2022·吉林·模拟预测）Lily, put on your coat, ________ you will catch a cold.
A．or B．so C．and
2．（2022·广西贵港·统考三模）—Peter, ________ the rubbish into different litter bins according to the signs.
—All right, mom.
A．puts B．put C．to put D．putting
3．（2023·上海闵行·统考一模）Mind your steps as you go, ________ you’ll fall down into the river.
A．and B．but C．so D．or
4．（2022·吉林长春·吉林省第二实验学校校考模拟预测）—________ the endangered animals from now on, or they will die out one day.
—Yes, you are right.
A．Protecting B．To protect C．Protect D．Protects
5．（2022·吉林长春·长春市解放大路学校校考一模）Smile to the world, ________ the world will smile back to you.
A．if B．but C．or D．and
6．（2022·黑龙江绥化·统考三模）________ trying and encouraging yourself if you want to succeed in something.
A．To keep B．Keeping C．Keep
7．（2022·吉林长春·统考一模）Mary, keep away from the fire, ________ you will hurt yourself.
A．and B．so C．but D．or
8．（2022·青海西宁·统考一模）Hurry up, ________ you will miss the bus.
A．so B．or C．but D．and
9．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考三模）—I’m sorry to tell a lie again.
—________ an honest boy next time, or you’ll be punished.
A．Be B．Being C．To be
10．（2022·黑龙江·统考二模）—I’m afraid that I may not win the match.
—Believe in yourself, ________ you’ll miss such a nice chance.
A．and B．but C．or
11．（2023·四川凉山·模拟预测）—Tom didn’t go for a picnic yesterday. —________.
A．So did I B．So I did C．Neither I did D．Neither did I
12．（2022·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·统考一模）—Mary likes playing baseball very much.
—________.
A．So does Amy B．So Amy is C．So Amy does
13．（2022·四川遂宁·校考模拟预测）—The boy’s made so many mistakes in this paper.
—It’s OK. ________. This paper is very difficult.
A．So have other students
B．So do other students
C．Neither has other students
14．（2022·甘肃酒泉·校考模拟预测）—Tom has made great progress in English recently.
—________. He has been studying so hard these days.
A．So he has B．So has he C．So he does D．So does he
15．（2022·甘肃定西·统考二模）—I think you are different now.
—Of course, times have changed and ________.
A．so I have B．so have I C．neither I have D．neither have I
16．（2022·甘肃天水·校考模拟预测）—Bob’s gone to Xi’an.
—________ his parents.
A．So has B．So have C．Nor has D．Neither have
17．（2022·甘肃金昌·校考二模）—I didn’t go anywhere last summer holiday. How boring!
—________. But I’m going somewhere for a holiday this summer.
A．So did I B．Neither did I C．So I did D．Neither I did
18．（2022·内蒙古·模拟预测）—Will your younger brother go for a picnic this Sunday
—If you don’t go, _________.
A．so does he B．so will he
C．neither will he D．neither does he
19．（2022·重庆·二模）I don’t care whether Tom will attend the meeting tomorrow, ________ my boss.
A．so does B．so will C．neither does D．neither will
20．（2022·江苏常州·校考二模）—I think the plan is just a waste of time.
—Well, if you don’t support it, ________.
A．so will they B．they will neither C．neither will they D．neither do they
完形填空
（2022·黑龙江大庆·统考一模）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
John and Mary had two lovely children. Once they were asked to go on a business trip. So they found a babysitter(临时保姆) to take care ____21____ the children.
A week later, as they drove into their hometown, they noticed smoke and went to see ____22____. A house was on fire! Mary said, “Well, the house isn’t ____23____. Let’s go.”
But John kept driving close, “The house belongs to Fred.” “It has nothing to do with us, let’s go.” said Mary. But John drove up. A woman ____24____ in the street, “My children! Help! Help!” John asked her ____25____ him where her children were. “In the bathroom,” cried the woman.
But Mary didn’t agree, John hurried for the bathroom ____26____ was full of smoke and heat. He soon found two children. As he left, he could hear some other sound like crying. He quickly sent the two children to a safe place. But he ____27____ two more children were still inside. Mary shouted, “Don’t go back! That house ____28____ down in any second!”
John went back by feeling his way down into the room. It seemed a century had passed before he found both the children ____29____ the return way. As he walked up the endless steps, the thought went through his mind that there was ____30____ strangely familiar about the little bodies, and at last when they came out, he found that he had just saved his own children!
The babysitter had left them in this house while she did some shopping.
21．A．for B．of C．on D．about
22．A．what is it B．what was it C．what it was D．what it is
23．A．we B．us C．our D．ours
24．A．was crying B．cries C．cried D．has cried
25．A．shows B．showing C．showed D．to show
26．A．who B．which C．when D．where
27．A．tells B．was told C．told D．has told
28．A．will fall B．fell C．falls D．was falling
29．A．but B．or C．so D．and
30．A．everything B．anything C．something D．nothing
阅读理解
A
（2022·福建漳州·统考模拟预测）
The Five-Animal Exercises were created by Hua Tuo, a great doctor in Chinese history. One day, he saw a kid playing with a door-hinge (户枢). It reminded him of the fact that doing exercise regularly like a door-hinge would prevent people from illness. He researched into ways of the physical build-up once he had time. He referred to the “Physical and Breathing Exercises” and then created a set of qigong exercises following the movements of animals: monkeys, deer, birds, bears and tigers. This is how Five-Animal Exercises came into being.
The Five-Animal Exercises are well-designed to help blood circulation (循环), and let the energy go smoothly in the body so as to improve health. “The bear movements are good for the stomach. The tiger movements can reduce the pain in the back. The deer movements help reduce the fat around the waist. The bird movements can help keep our knees healthy and the monkey movements can be good for the heart,” said Hua Yi, the 59th inheritor (继承人) of Wuqinxi.
For those new learners, the first few exercises might not go well. You may find it hard to focus. Wear comfortable clothes, keep peaceful in your mind, try to move slowly... Little by little, you will feel more harmonious (和谐的) with nature. You may even feel you become a tiger or a deer, walking in the forest freely. These exercises need no tools and they are easy to learn. You can search online for the videos and practice them at any time when you feel like relaxing your body and mind.
It’s fun to practice and good for health, so Five-Animal Exercises are becoming more and more popular in recent years, not only in China, but also in many other places of the world.
31．From Paragraph 1, what can we know about the Five-Animal Exercises
A．Its tools. B．Its creation. C．Its disadvantages. D．Its popularity.
32．If Alice has a heart disease, which of the following may help her a lot
A． B． C． D．
33．In which paragraph can a new learner get advice about practicing the Five-Animal Exercises
A．Paragraph 1. B．Paragraph 2. C．Paragraph 3. D．Paragraph 4.
34．What should people do while practicing the Five-Animal Exercises according to the passage
A．Keep peaceful. B．Move quickly. C．Use tools. D．Enjoy nature.
35．What is the main purpose of the text
A．To protect wild animals. B．To improve our health.
C．To introduce a set of exercises. D．To compare animal movements.
B
（2023·四川泸州·统考一模）
Tea is an important part of Chinese tradition. Tea has very close relationship to Chinese culture.
It is said that Chinese tea was discovered by King Shen Nong. People say that he lived 5, 000 years ago. One summer day, while he was visiting a faraway part of his country, he felt very thirsty. The servants began to make water hot enough to turn into gas for him to drink. Dried leaves from a near plant fell into the water. The king drank some, and found it could make him feel less tired. Also as a scientist, Shen Nong was interested in the new drink. And so, tea was discovered in 2737 BC．
Drinking tea has many advantages. It makes people feel less tired, clears heat inside the human body and helps people lose weight. As you add a cup of tea to your daily life, please check the following helpful advice.
·Drink it hot. Tea oxidizes（氧化） quickly, so it is suggested that you drink it hot.
·Do not drink too much strong tea. It will probably be harmful to your stomach and make you feel sick if you make the tea too strong.
·The best time to drink tea is between meals. It may not make you have a strong wish to eat when your stomach is empty, or cause stomachache when your stomach is full.
·Do not drink with medicine. It may change the medical result. You can drink tea two hours after you take medicine.
·Green tea is the best choice for office workers. Why Because green tea helps stop the bad result of the computer.
36．Paragraph（段落）2 is mainly about _______.
A．when King Shen Nong lived
B．where Chinese tea was created
C．how Chinese tea was discovered
D．why King Shen Nong drank tea
37．Drinking tea has lots of advantages EXCEPT _______.
A．helping you lose weight
B．letting you feel less tired
C．having a strong wish for food
D．clearing heat inside your body
38．Mr. Smith is a computer teacher. He’d better drink _______.
A．green tea
B．black tea
C．strong tea
D．coffee with milk
39．What can we learn from the passage
A．Shen Nong didn’t like the new drink.
B．The best time to drink tea is before meals.
C．Drink tea hot because it oxidizes quickly.
D．We should drink tea with medicine.
40．The passage is mainly written to _______.
A．let us know how tea was discovered
B．give some advice about drinking tea
C．tell people the history of tea
D．advise people to drink green tea
四、短文填空
（2022·黑龙江大庆·校考一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A woman and a man got into a car accident at a street corner. Both of their cars were completely destroyed, but ____41____ (luck) neither of them was hurt.
After they climbed out of their cars, the woman said, “Wow, look at our cars— there’s nothing ____42____ (leave)! Thank God we are all right. This must ____43____ a sign from him that we should be friends and not try ____44____ (complain) about each other.” The man replied, “Oh, yes, I agree ____45____ you completely.”
The woman pointed to a bottle on the ground and ____46____ (say), “And here’s another surprise. Somehow this bottle of Scotch (苏格兰威士忌) from my back seat didn’t break. ____47____ God wants us to drink this Scotch and celebrate our good fortune (运气).”
Then she handed the bottle to the man. The man said “Yes”, opened it, and drank about a ____48____ (three) of the bottle to calm him. He then handed it back to the woman. The woman took the bottle, immediately put the cap back on, and handed it back to the man.
The man asked, “____49____ (not be) you having alcohol (酒) ”
The woman replied, “No. I think I’ll just wait ____50____ the police…”
参考答案：
1．A
【详解】句意：莉莉，穿上外套，否则你会感冒的。
考查连词辨析。or否则；so因此；and和。根据“Lily, put on your coat, ...you will catch a cold.”可知，需要穿外套，不然会感冒。故选A。
2．B
【详解】句意：——Peter，根据标志将垃圾放入不同的垃圾箱。——妈妈，好的。
考查祈使句。根据“the rubbish into different litter bins according to the signs”可知，此处是祈使句的肯定形式，应填动词原形，故选B。
3．D
【详解】句意：你走的时候当心脚下，否则你会掉到河里去的。
考查连词辨析。and和；but但是；so因此；or否则。此句是“祈使句+and/or+简单句”的结构，根据“Mind your steps as you go, … you’ll fall down into the river”可知，要当心脚下，否则就会掉到河里，故选D。
4．C
【详解】句意：——从现在开始保护濒危动物，否则它们总有一天会灭绝。——是的，你是对的。
考查祈使句。分析句子可知，此句为“祈使句+or+表结果的陈述句”，此处应该用动词原形。故选C。
5．D
【详解】句意：对世界微笑，世界也会对你微笑。
考查连词辨析。if如果；but但是；or或者；and和。根据“Smile to the world, … the world will smile back to you”可知，此处是“祈使句+and/or+简单句”，空格前后句是顺承关系，应填and，故选D。
6．C
【详解】句意：如果你想在某件事上取得成功，那就不断尝试并鼓励自己。
考查祈使句。To keep保持，动词不定式；keeping保持，现在分词形式；Keep保持，动词原形。分析句子结构可知，句子没有主语，为祈使句，应该使用动词原形。故选C。
7．D
【详解】句意：玛丽，离火远点，否则你会受伤的。
考查连词辨析。and和；so所以；but但是；or否则。此句考查固定句型“祈使句，or/and+一般将来时的陈述句”，该句型中and 表示前后句是顺接关系，意思是“那么”；or 表示前后句是转折关系，意思是“否则”。根据“Mary, keep away from the fire, …you will hurt yourself.”可知前后句句意是转折关系，应用or，故选D。
8．B
【详解】句意:快点，否则你会错过公共汽车。
考查连词的用法。so因此，表因果；or否则，表结果；but但是，表转折；and那么，表结果。本句符合“祈使句+or+简单句”，前面的祈使句表示条件，后面的陈述句表示结果。故选B。
9．A
【详解】句意：——很抱歉我又撒谎了。——下次做个诚实的孩子，否则你会受到惩罚的。
考查祈使句。此句是祈使句的肯定形式，此空应填动词原形，故选A。
10．C
【详解】句意：——我害怕我不能赢得这场比赛。——相信你自己，否则你将会错失如此好的机会。
考查从属连词的辨析。and和，表并列或结果；but但是，表转折；or否则，表转折或选择。根据后文“you’ll miss such a nice chance.”可知，如果不相信自己，就会错失如此好的机会。故选C。
11．D
【详解】句意：——汤姆昨天没有去野餐。——我也没去。
考查倒装句。“so/neither +助动词+ sb”表示“某人也做/不做某事”；根据“Tom didn’t go for a picnic yesterday.”可知，我也没去野餐，故选D。
12．A
【详解】句意：——玛丽非常喜欢打棒球。——艾米也是。
考查部分倒装。根据“Mary likes playing baseball very much.”并结合选项可知，此处表达“艾米也是”，用部分倒装结构，其结构是：so＋助动词＋主语，用于说明上文所描述的情况也同样适用于下文的人或物，“Amy”是第三人称单数，该句为一般现在时，故助动词用does。故选A。
13．A
【详解】句意：——这个男孩在这张试卷中犯了很多错误。——没关系。其他学生也是如此。这张试卷很难。
考查so引导的倒装句。So+连系动词/情态动词/助动词+另一主语，表示前面所说的肯定情况也是适合于后者；如果表示前面所说的否定情况也适合于后者时，则用Neither/Nor+连/情/助+另一主语。根据“The boy’s made so many mistakes in this paper.”可知“the boy’s”是“the boy has”的缩写，现在完成时，所以还要用助动词have。故选A。
14．A
【详解】句意：——汤姆最近在英语在取得了很大的进步。——他确实如此。这些天他一直在这么努力地学习。
考查强调句。So he has他确实已经这样做了；So has he他也如此；So he does他确实如此；So does he他也如此。根据“He has been studying so hard these days.”可知，此处表示认同上述说法，应用“so+主语+be动词/助动词/情态动词”表示“的确，确实如此”；侧重上下句说的是同一情况，表示赞同或强调前面所说的情况。根据“He has been studying”可知句子采用现在完成进行时，因此助动词应用has。故选A。
15．B
【详解】句意：——我认为你现在不同了。——当然了，时间在变化，我也如此。
考查倒装句。根据“times have changed”可知此处表示“我也在变化”，此处表示肯定，用“so+have+I”。故选B。
16．B
【详解】句意：——鲍勃去西安了。——他父母也是。
考查部分倒装。根据“Bob’s gone to Xi’an.”可知，本句是肯定句，答语表示肯定含义，排除CD；答语的主语“his parents”是复数，助动词用have。故选B。
17．B
【详解】句意：——去年暑假我哪儿也没去。好无聊啊！——我也没有。但今年夏天我要去某个地方度假。
考查部分倒装。So did I我也如此；Neither did I我也没有；So I did我确实这样做了；Neither I did错误表达。根据“I didn’t go anywhere last summer holiday”可知，要表示“某人也没有”，应用“neither+助动词+主语”的结构。didn’t说明句子采用一般过去时，因此助动词应用did。故选B。
18．C
【详解】句意：——这个周日你弟弟会去野餐吗？——如果你不去，他也不去。
考查部分倒装。so does he他也如此；so will he他也会；neither will he他也不会；neither does he他也不这样。根据“If you don’t go”可知在if引导的条件状语从句中，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句使用一般现在时，主句使用一般将来时，从句中的“don’t go”表示否定，因此此处表示“某人也不这样”，应用neither will sb。故选C。
19．C
【详解】句意：我不在乎汤姆明天是否参加会议，我的老板也不在乎。
考查倒装句。根据“I don’t care whether Tom will attend the meeting tomorrow...my boss.”可知，此处指的是“老板也不在乎”，应用倒装结构，结构是“so/neither+助动词+主语”，句子表达的是否定的意思，应用否定的倒装，结合“I don’t care”可知，此处助动词用does，故选C。
20．C
【详解】句意：——我认为这个方案只是在浪费时间。——好吧，如果你不支持，他们也不会。
考查倒装句。so will they他们也会，用于一般将来时；they will neither他们也不会，陈述语序；neither will they他们也不会，用于一般将来时；neither do they他们也不是，用于一般现在时。根据“if you don’t support it”可知，if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句应用一般将来时，从句为否定句，主句部分表示“某人也不会”，应用neither will+主语。故选C。
21．B 22．C 23．D 24．A 25．D 26．B 27．B 28．A 29．D 30．C
【导语】本文主要是讲述John和Mary出差回来发现一家房子着火了，John在救火过程中意外救了自己的孩子。
21．句意：因此，他们找了一个临时保姆来照顾孩子们。
for为了；of……的；on在……上；about关于。take care of“照顾”，是固定搭配，故选B。
22．句意：他们注意到有烟，就去看看是什么。
what is it错误表达；what was it错误表达；what it was是什么，一般过去时；what it is是什么，一般现在时。根据“they noticed smoke and went to see”可知原句是一般过去时，根据“主过从过”原则可知从句用一般过去时，且宾语从句用陈述语序，故选C。
23．句意：Mary说：“好吧，这房子不是我们的，我们走吧。”
we我们，主格；us我们，宾格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词；ours我们的，名词性物主代词。根据“the house isn’t”可知房子不是我们的，空格处应填名词性物主代词，故选D。
24．句意：一个女人在街上哭喊。
was crying在哭喊，过去进行时；cries哭喊，一般现在时；cried哭喊，一般过去时；has cried哭喊，现在完成时。根据“My children! Help! Help!”可知事情正在发生，空格处应填过去进行时，故选A。
25．句意：John让她告诉他孩子们在哪里。
shows展示，一般现在时；showing展示，现在进行时；showed展示，一般过去时；to show展示，动词不定式。ask sb. to do sth.“叫某人做某事”，是固定搭配，空格处应填动词不定式，故选D。
26．句意：John急急忙忙去了充满烟雾和热气的浴室。
who谁；which那个；when当……时候；where哪里。根据“was full of smoke and heat”可知原句是定语从句，先行词“the bathroom”是物，关系代词要用that或which，故选B。
27．句意：但他被告知还有两个孩子仍在里面。
tells告诉，一般现在时；was told被告诉，一般过去时的被动语态；told告诉，一般过去时；has told告诉，现在完成时。根据“two more children were still inside”可知是被告诉，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故选B。
28．句意：不要回去！那房子马上就要倒了！
will fall将要倒了，一般将来时；fell倒了，一般过去时；falls倒了，一般现在时；was falling正在倒，过去进行时。根据“in any second”可知原句是一般将来时，故选A。
29．句意：似乎一个世纪过去了，他才找到孩子和归途。
but但是；or或者；so因此；and而且。both…and…“两者……都……”，是固定搭配，故选D。
30．句意：他的脑海里闪过一个念头，那就是这些小身躯有一种奇怪的熟悉感。
everything一切；anything任何事情；something某事；nothing没有东西。根据“strangely familiar”可知是某种奇怪的熟悉感，故选C。
31．B 32．D 33．C 34．A 35．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要向我们介绍五禽戏。
31．段落大意题。分析第一段内容可知，本段主要向我们介绍五禽戏是如何创造的，故选B。
32．细节理解题。根据“the monkey movements can be good for the heart”可知，猴子的动作对心脏有好处，故选D。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段“For those new learners, the first few exercises might not go well.”可知，初学者可以从第三段得到练习五禽戏的建议。故选C。
34．细节理解题。根据“Wear comfortable clothes, keep peaceful in your mind, try to move slowly...These exercises need no tools”可知，穿舒适的衣服，保持平和的心态，尽量慢慢地移动，不需要任何工具。故选A。
35．主旨大意题。本文主要向我们介绍五禽戏，所以是介绍一套锻炼，故选C。
36．C 37．C 38．A 39．C 40．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了茶的起源及喝茶的建议。
36．段落大意题。根据“It is said that Chinese tea was discovered by King Shen Nong.”可知第二段主要介绍了茶在中国是怎么被发现的，故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据“It makes people feel less tired, clears heat inside the human body and helps people lose weight”以及“It may not make you have a strong wish to eat ”可知没有提到喝茶对食物有强烈的愿望，故选C。
38．推理判断题。根据“Green tea is the best choice for office workers. Why Because green tea helps stop the bad result of the computer.”可知，绿茶有助于阻止电脑的带来的伤害，所以计算机老师应该喝绿茶，故选A。
39．细节理解题。根据“Drink it hot. Tea oxidizes（氧化） quickly, so it is suggested that you drink it hot.”可知茶要趁热喝，因为它氧化得很快。故选C。
40．主旨大意题。根据全文可知，文章首先介绍了茶的起源，并且详细给出了喝茶的建议，所以主要是给出一些喝茶的建议，故选B。
41．luckily 42．left 43．be 44．to complain 45．with 46．said 47．So 48．third 49．Aren’t 50．for
【导语】本文章讲述的是一位女士和男士发生了严重的车祸，女士骗男士喝下了酒，等待警察的到来的故事。
41．句意：他们的两辆车都被彻底毁坏了，但幸运的是他们都没有受伤。根据后文“neither of them was hurt”可知，这是很幸运地，且需要副词。故填luckily。
42．句意：哇，看看我们的车——什么都没有留下。根据句子中的be动词is可知，这里需要形容词，表示“剩下的”。故填left。
43．句意：这一定是他给我们的暗示，我们应该成为朋友，而不是互相抱怨。这里缺少谓语动词，根据句意可知，表示“是”一个暗示，且前有must，所以用be动词原形。故填be。
44．句意：这一定是他给我们的暗示，我们应该成为朋友，而不是互相抱怨。try to do sth“试图做某事”故填to complain。
45．句意：哦，是的，我完全同意。agree with sb“同意某人看法”，是固定短语。故填with。
46．句意：女人指着地上的一个瓶子说。根据and前的“pointed”可知，这里也是过去式。故填said。
47．句意：所以上帝希望我们喝下这杯苏格兰威士忌，庆祝我们的好运。空后句子和上一句“ Somehow this bottle of Scotch (苏格兰威士忌) from my back seat didn’t break.”有因果关系。故填So。
48．句意：那人说“是的”，打开瓶子，喝了大约三分之一瓶让他平静下来。这里表示分之一，分母要用序数词。故填third。
49．句意：男人问:“你不喝酒吗？根据句子中的“having”可知，这是现在进行时表将要进行的动作，主语是you。故填Aren’t。
50．句意：不，我想我还是等警察来吧……”。“等待某人”wait for sb。故填for。
知识回顾
考点精讲
倒装句速记口诀
副词开头要例装，人称代词则如常。
only修饰副介状，位于句首半倒装。
否定意义副连词，＂既不…也不＂须倒装。
表语前置主语长，衔接自然常倒装。
such代词做表语，引起主谓要倒装。
Not only开头句，前一分句须倒装。
had，were，should虚拟句，省略if半倒装。
强化训练
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