专题16 定语从句-【2023赢在中考】-中考英语二轮专题解读与强化训练（课件+学案）

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【2023赢在中考】英语二轮专题解读与强化训练
专题16 定语从句
考纲解读
考纲解读
考纲解读
定语从句是中考必考考点之一，主要考查的是时态及宾语从句的语序，有时也会考查定语从句的引导词。考查的主要形式是单项填空、完形填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也会考查到定语从句。因此学生要熟练掌握定语从句的用法。关系代词引导的定语从句最为常见和常考。
什么是定语？
定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语、或句子。汉语中常翻译成“……的”
an ancient country
the colour of wisdom
the high-speed railway connecting A to B
the person who has influenced me most
定语从句的概述
定语可以由形容词，代词，数词，名词，分词，不定式，介词短语等来担任，修饰名词。
The girl behind the tree is Kate.（介词短语作定语）
The man driving too fast was drunk.（现在分词作定语）
The boy named Tom is my classmate.（过去分词作定语）
定语从句的概述
定语从句的结构：
1. He never forgets the things that/which he needs to do.
2. You should pay no attention to those that/who laugh at you.
3. Do you know the teachers that/who are sitting in our classroom now
【总结】
先行词（名词/代词）+关系代词（who/which/that/whom）+从句
定语从句的概述
关系词又分为关系代词和关系副词
关系代词： that， which， who， whom， whose
关系副词： when， where， why
关系词的作用：①作引导词
②在定语从句中担任一定的成分；
③同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句（把主句和从句连起来）
定语从句的概述
1. which的用法：若先行词指物则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语。
This is the pen which was given by my friend.
先行词 指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语
This is the pen which my friend gave to me.
先行词 指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语
【注意】先行词在从句中充当宾语，而且前面没有介词修饰时，which可以省略；如果充当主语，which则不可以省略。
关系代词的用法
2. who的用法：若先行词指人则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语（如果前面带介词则必须用whom）。
The man who is wearing a white suit is my brother.
先行词 指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语
The man who/whom he wanted to see last week is in Shanghai.
先行词 指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语
She is the girl with whom I went there.
先行词 指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾且介词于前
关系代词的用法
3. whom的用法：若先行词指人则代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语（包括介词的宾语），与who的区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whom。
This is the teacher whom\who we like best.
先行词 指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语
She is the girl whom\who I went with there.
先行词 指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾
I don' t like the boy to whom you are talking.
先行词 指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾且介词于前
关系代词的用法
4. 关系代词that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。
The animal that\which is lost is a panda.
先行词 指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语
She is the person that \who we are worried about.
先行词 指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语
关系代词的用法
5. as可以在限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句中作主语或宾语。
① 在限制性定语从句中，as可跟在由such，so，the same修饰的先行词之后。
Such men as heard him were deeply moved. （as在定语从句中作heard的主语）
听过他说话的人，都会深受感动。
I've never heard such stories as he tells. （as在定语从句中作tell的宾语）
我从未听过像他讲的这样的故事。
He lifted so heavy a stone as no one else can lift.（as在定语从句中lift的宾语）
他搬起别人都搬不起的大石头。
关系代词的用法
【比较】
在the same...as结构中，as也可用that代替。但严格地说，the same...as强调相同，the same...that注重同一。
She wore the same dress as her younger sister wore.（as指的是与先行词相似的同类事物）
她穿着跟她妹妹所穿的一样的衣裙。
She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary's wedding. （that指的是与先行词同一事物）
她穿着她在玛丽婚礼上穿过的同一条连衣裙。
关系代词的用法
② 在非限制性定语从句中，as可代表主句整个句子，引导的定语从句可以放在主句之前或主句之后，一般用逗号与主句分开。
As everyone knows, Taiwan belongs to China.
众所周知，台湾属于中国的领土。
He is from the outh, as we can know from his accent.
他是南方人，这一点我们从他的口音可以知道。
关系代词的用法
【拓展知识】
一些由as引导的定语从句常位于句首，已形成了固定的说法。
as is known to all 这是众所周知的 as has been said before 如前所说
as is often the case 情况常常如此 as may be imagined 这可以想象得出
as has been pointed out 正如已经指出的那样 as often happens 这种情况常常发生
关系代词的用法
【注意1】
（1）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who，that，which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用"介词 +which/whom"结构。
This is the house in which we lived last year.
Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.
（2）含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。
This is the person whom you are looking for.
（3）that作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。
The city that she lives in is very far away.
关系代词的用法
【注意2】
关系词只能用that的情况：
（1）先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which。
He was the first person that passed the exam.
English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years.
（2）被修饰的先行词为all，any，much，many，everything， anything， none， the one等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which。
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop
关系代词的用法
（3）先行词被the only，the very，the same，the last， little， few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which。
This is the same bike that I lost.
（4）先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that，而不用which。
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.
我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
（5）以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that。
Who is the girl that is crying
关系代词的用法
（6）主句是there be结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which。
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.
（7）有两个定语从句时，其中一个宜用which，另外一个宜用that。
They secretly built up a small factory, which produced things that could cause pollution.
（8）当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词在从句中也作表语时。
Shanghai is no longer the city that is used to be.
关系代词的用法
【注意3】
关系词只能用which，而不用that的情况：
（1）先行词为that，those时，用which，而不用that。
What' s that which is under the desk
（2）关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that。
This is the room in which he lives.
关系代词的用法
（3）引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that。
Tom came back, which made us happy.
（4）先行词后面有插入语时，只用which不用that。
Here is the English grammar book which, as I' ve told you, will help you improve your English.
关系代词的用法
【总结】
限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法
作用 先行词 主语 宾语 定语
及物动词宾语或没被提前的介词宾语 被提前的介词宾语 指人 who/that, as who/whom/that, as 介词+whom whose/of whom
指物 which/that, as that/which, as 介词+which whose/of which
关系代词的用法
【总结】
非限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法
作用 先行词 主语 宾语 定语
及物动词宾语 被提前的的介词宾语 指人 who, as who/whom/that, as 介词+whom whose/of whom
指物 which, as which, as 介词+which whose/of which
句子 which
关系代词的用法
关系副词的用法
二.关系副词的用法
1. when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
I still remember the day when I first came to this school. (when= on which)
我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。
He came at a time when we needed him most. (when= at which)
他是在我们最需要他的时候来的。
We will never forget the year 1949, when the People's Republic of China was founded. (when= in which)
我们永远忘不了1949年，那是中华人民共和国成立的一年。
关系副词的用法
2. where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。
I recently went back to the town where I was born. (where = in which)
我最近曾回过一次我出生的城市。
I would like to live in a country where there is plety of sunshine. (where = in which)
我想住在一个阳光充足的国家。
What's the name of the place where you spent your holiday. (where = at which)
你度假的那个地方叫什么名字？
关系副词的用法
【知识总结】
（一）当关系代词在定语从句中作状语时，要用关系副词。
when=表示间的介词（如：in，at，on，during等）+which；
where=表地点的介词（如：in，at，on，under等）+which；
why=表原因的介词（如：for）+which.
I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. (when=on which)
Can you tell me the office where he works (where=in which)
Do you know the reason why he is absent (why=for which)
1. 确定先行词：空格之前的单词或词组
2. 将先行词带入定语从句，还原从句为完整句子
3. 根据先行词还原句中的成分确定引导词
关系词判断步骤
1. - What is a good friend like -A good friend is a person_____can help you in trouble.
A.which B.who C.when D.where
【分析】 -好朋友是什么样子的？ -好朋友是在你遇到困难时帮助你的人。
【解答】答案：B。根据答语知放在名词person后为完整句子，且对其起修饰作用，故为定语从句。选项A：关系代词which可代指物，在句中作主语或宾语，选项B：关系代词who代指人，在定语从句中可做主语和宾语，选项C：关系副词when代指时间，在定语从句中代替时间状语，选项D：关系副词where代指地点，在定语从句中代替地点状语。该答句中先行词为person意思是"人"，其后的句子为定语从句，且定语从句中缺少主语，故此处需填可以做主语的关系代词，可以代替人的先行词有who/that，无that选项，故选B。
【点评】此题考查定语从句。考生首先需要明确判断该句为定语从句，再根据先行词及其与定语从句的关系选择合适的关系代词或关系副词。
3. -Is there anyone here_____name is Betty - Sorry, I don't know.
A.who B.which C.whom D.whose
【分析】-这儿有名叫贝蒂的人吗？ -对不起，我不知道。
【解答】答案：D。who关系代词，指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；which 关系代词，指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；whom关系代词，指人，在定语从句中作宾语；whose关系代词，指人或物，定语从句中只能作定语；根据Is there anyone here__name is Betty？可知本句中先行词是anyone，是人，在定语从句中作定语，所以用关系代词whose。故选：D。
【点评】本题主要考查定语从句，做此类题目时，应该注意要根据先行词，来判断关系词！就本题而言主要考查先行词是人，在定语从句中作定语，所以用关系代词whose。
7.This is my beautiful school ____________ is near the famous library.
A.where B.which C.who D.when
【分析】这就是我美丽的学校，它在著名的图书馆附近。
【解答】答案：B。where关系副词，指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语；which 关系代词，指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；who关系代词，指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；when关系副词，指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语；根据 my beautiful school_____is near，此处先行词为school，是物，所以用关系代词which。因此排除A，C，D。故选：B。
【点评】本题主要考查定语从句，做此类题目时，应该注意根据先行词，来判断关系词！就本题而言主要考查先行词是物，作主语，故引导词应该是which。
1. The good situation came at last___we had been expecting in the past two years.
A.where B.that C. when D.in which
【解答】答案：B。根据题干，这是两个意思完整的简单句。可知这个好局面是我们所期待的，所以推断为：这是一含有定语从句的复合句，先行词The good situation，好局面，指的是状况，属于事物一类，关系代词应该用which/that。
2. Can you lend me the book____the other day
A.that you talked B.you talked about it C. which you talked to D. you talked about
【解答】答案：D。首先分析句子结构，本句中的___the other day在复合句中作定语从句，其中先行词the book指物，且在定语从句中做逻辑宾语，所以关系代词用that/which，关系代词在作宾语时可以省略；"谈论"用talk about，另外定语从句中不能出现与先行词重复的句子成分，选项B排除，故选D。
5. - Do you know the lady ___________ is interviewing our headmaster
- Yes, she is a journalist from CCTV.
A.which B.who C.whom D.whose
【解答】答案：B。分析句子，结合选项，推测意思是你认识正在采访校长的那位女士吗。这是一个定语从句，先行词是the lady，指人，在从句中充当主语，故选B。
6. Tom did all __________ he could to get on well__________his classmates.
A.which; with B.that; C.that; with D./；/
【解答】答案：C。在含有定语从句的复合句中，如果先行词为all，everything，anything，nothing，little，much 等不定代词，关系代词只能用that。根据Tom did all ________he could可知这是一个含有定语从句的复合句，先行词是all，所以应该用that；短语get on well with sb，和某人相处得好；故选：C。
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【2023赢在中考】-中考英语二轮专题解读与强化训练学案
专题16 定语从句
一、关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词的用法；
在复合句中修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。定语从句所修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose。
考向一: 定语从句的关系词
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that， which， who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where， when， why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
考向二: 定语从句的分类
根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。
考向三: 关系代词的基本用法
作主语 作宾语 作定语
指人 who/that who/whom/that/省略 whose
指物 which/that which/that/省略
The man who/that spoke at the meeting is from Hong Kong. 会上发言的人来自香港。
The building which/that is being built will be used as a hospital. 在建中的这幢建筑将用作医院。
I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the world. 我拜访了一位世界知名的科学家。
例：At the beginning, I couldn’t understand everything ________ the characters said.
A．that B．which C．what
【答案】A
【详解】句意：一开始，我不能理解角色说的每句话。
考查定语从句。that关系代词，先行词指人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；which关系代词，先行词指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；what不能引导定语从句；句子先行词是everything，不定代词作先行词时，关系词用that，故选A。
【注意】1. 当关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持主谓一致。
He is one of the boys who like playing basketball. 他是喜欢打篮球的男孩子之一。
He is the one of the boys who likes playing basketball. 他就是那个喜欢打篮球的男孩子。
2. 通常在以下六种情况下只能用that而不能用which：
（1）先行词为all，much，something，everything，nothing，little，none，the one等代词时。
That is all that I want to say. 那就是我想要说的。
2）先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.。
He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。
This is the most wonderful film that I have seen. 这是我看过的最精彩的电影。
Look at the apples. You can see the two that you gave me. 看这些苹果。你能看到你给我的那两个。
（3）以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that。
Who is the girl that is crying 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？
（4）先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which。
This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
Mr. Smith is the only foreigner that he knows. 史密斯先生是他唯一认识的外国人。
（5）先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that，而不用which。
We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools that we had visited. 我们访问过的老师和学校给我们留下了深刻的印象。
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
（6）先行词在主句中作表语，或关系代词在从句中作表语时。
It’s a book that will help you a lot. 这是一本对你很有帮助的书。
（7）主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which。
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。
3. 关系词只能用which，而不用that的情况：
（1）先行词为that， those时，用which，而不用that。
What’s that which is under the desk 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？
（2）关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that。
This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。
（3）引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that。
Tom came back, which made us happy. 汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句
命题趋势：
定语从句是中考必考考点之一，主要考查的是时态及宾语从句的语序，有时也会考查定语从句的引导词。考查的主要形式是单项填空、完形填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也会考查到定语从句。因此学生要熟练掌握定语从句的用法。关系代词引导的定语从句最为常见和常考。
中考考查重点：
关系代词的用法；
在复合句中修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。定语从句所修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系副词有when，where，why等
关系副词的基本用法
1. when在句中作状语，表示时间。
He remembers the day when he joined the League. 他记得他入团那天。
This was the time when he arrived. 这是他到达的时间。
2. where在句中作状语，表示地点。
This is the place where Lu Xun was born. 这就是鲁迅出生的地方。
This is the place where he works. 这是他工作的地点。
3. why在句中作状语，表示原因。
This is the reason why he is late today. 这就是他今天迟到的原因。
Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。
I’ll never forget the place ______ we visited together last year.
A．which B．what C．who D．whom
【答案】A
【详解】句意：我永远不会忘记我们去年一起去过的那个地方。考查定语从句。which哪一个；what什么；who谁；whom谁，who的宾语。该句为定语从句，且从句中缺宾语，先行词place指物，故应用关系代词which，故选A。
【易错提醒】
1. 当先行词为地点名词时，如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，则用that或which引导。如：
This is the house which/that was built by my grandfather forty years ago.
这是我爷爷在40年前建造的房子。（定语从句中缺少主语，所以要用which/that，而不用where）
2. 当position，point，case，stage，situation，atmosphere等表示抽象地点的名词充当先行词时，若定语从句中缺少状语，则用where来引导。如：
It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.
把孩子们放在一个能够让他们从不同角度看待自己的环境中对他们很有帮助。
3. 关系副词why指原因，代替先行词并在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词一般是reason。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our help 这是他拒绝我们帮助的理由吗？
— What can we do for the left-home children in the village ______ need help
— We could help them with their study online on weekends.
A．which B．whom C．whose D．who
【答案】D
【详解】句意：—我们能为那些需要帮助的农村留守儿童做些什么呢？—我们可以在周末帮助他们在线学习。考查定语从句。which先行词指物；whom先行词指人，在从句中作宾语；whose先行词指人或物，在从句中作定语；who先行词指人，在从句中作主语。本句先行词是the left-children，指人，且空格处在从句中作主语，故用who引导定语从句。故选D。
【易错提醒】
当先行词是时间名词时，既可以用when引导定语从句，也可以用that或which引导定语从句，关键要看关系词在从句中作何种成分。若关系词在定语从句中充当状语，用when引导；若关系词在从句中充当主语或宾语，则用that或which引导。如：
Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night
你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？（when在从句中作状语）
Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm
你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？（that或which作spent的宾语）
【速记口诀】
关系副词
关系副词when/where/why，从中作状莫懈怠；
时间用when原因why，地点where经常在；
关系副词可替换，介词加上关系代；
关系代，关系代，that与who要除外；
挑选介词要聪明，必看动词和先行；
聪明反被聪明误，只因乱用关系副；
关系副，关系副，定缺主宾它不住；
它不住，它不住，关系代词来玩酷。
三、关系代词引导的定语从句
1、限制性定语从句是不能去掉的，否则剩下的部分就失去意义而不能成立。非限制性定语从句则不然，它只对所修饰的词作进一步的说明，去掉之后并不影响整个句子的含义。在形式上，非限制性定语从句与主句之间通常必须有逗号隔开。
Finally we visited the Giant Yangtze Gorges Dam, which is the greatest key water control project in the world at present. 最后我们参观了长江三峡大坝，它是目前世界上最大的水利枢纽工程。
2、引导非限制性定语从句的which可以指代前面的先行词，也可以指代前面整个句子。
That Peter will marry Alice, which has not been announced yet, has spread around. 彼特要娶爱丽斯这件事还没宣布，却已被传得沸沸扬扬。
3、除which外，还可用when， where， who，whom等关系副词或关系代词引导非限制性定语从句。
After graduation, I decided to stay in Chongqing, where I spent my childhood and four years of college life. 毕业后，我决定留在重庆，在那里我度过了我的童年和四年大学生活。
【注意】that不能引导非限制性定语从句。
4、在限制性定语从句中，如果先行词作宾语时，引导词可以省略；但引导非限制性定语从句的引导词不能省，同时关系代词whom不能用who替换。
单项选择
1．（2022·福建漳州·统考模拟预测）Jiang Xinhua ________ comes from Ningbo won a gold medal in World Skills Competition in Austria.
A．who B．which C．what
2．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·校考一模）—What do you think of the mountain climbers
—I look up to them very much. The spirit of the climbers ________ shows us that humans can be stronger tells us not to give up.
A．which B．of whom C．who
3．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨市第四十七中学校考三模）It’s time to say goodbye to your middle school life. Remember to say thanks to those ________ have worked so hard for you in the past four years.
A．which B．who C．what
4．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨风华中学校考模拟预测）—Frank, look at the tall building ________ the workers are cleaning.
—It’s a newly opened shopping mall.
A．who B．that C．what
5．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨风华中学校考模拟预测）I like the cutest soft toys ________ my father bought for me last week.
A．that B．which C．who
6．（2022·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·统考一模）We’ll never forget the people and buildings ________ we ________ in India.
A．which; visit B．that; visited C．who; visited
7．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·校考一模）—Have you seen the movie My People, My Country（我和我的祖国）
—Sure. It is the most moving movie ________ I’ve ever seen.
A．which B．what C．that
8．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨市萧红中学校考一模）Though we students are going to leave middle school, we should always remember the very good old days ________ we’ve spent the unforgettable time with our classmates.
A．that B．on which C．which
9．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·校考一模）— What did you do during the class meeting yesterday
— We talked about people ________ made a big difference to our life.
A．whose B．which C．who
10．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·校考模拟预测）—Do you know Jiang Yufan, ________ designed the mascot(吉祥物) Shuey Rhon Rhon
—Yeah, she was born in Yichun, Heilongjiang and she is ________ pride of the town.
A．she, a B．which, / C．who, the
11．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·校考二模）Each of us has a life goal ________ will guide us to a bright future.
A．who B．what C．which
12．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨市第十七中学校校考模拟预测）—Who is the man ______ you talked with
—He’s my close friend. He told me the most exciting adventure ______ he had.
A．who; that B．that; which C．that; that
13．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨市第十七中学校校考模拟预测）—Have you found any information about Yuan Longping and Zhong Nanshan ________ we can use in our composition
—Not yet. I will go on the Internet for more.
A．whom B．who C．which
14．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨市第十七中学校校考二模）As we are about to graduate from junior high, the 4-year school life ________ we spent together will be kept in our mind forever.
A．which B．when C．what
15．（2022·黑龙江绥化·校考模拟预测）There will be a flower show in the park ________ we visited last week.
A．when B．which C．what
16．（2022·黑龙江绥化·校考模拟预测）He liked the film in ________ his favorite actor, Will Smith, played.
A．what B．where C．which
17．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考二模）To enter a good high school, we shouldn’t only study the subjects in ________ we are interested.
A．that B．who C．which
18．（2022·甘肃天水·校联考模拟预测）This is one of the most interesting stories ________ I have ever read.
A．who B．that C．which D．where
19．（2022·甘肃定西·统考模拟预测）Do you know the man ________ saved five people in the fire
A．who B．whom C．which D．what
20．（2022·甘肃武威·校考一模）The girl ________ won the gold medal comes from Beijing Sunshine Secondary School.
A．who B．which C．what D．whom
21．（2022·新疆伊犁·校考一模）—How do you like the movie tonight, Tony
—It is the most interesting movie ________ I have ever seen.
A．when B．that C．what D．who
22．（2022·甘肃定西·统考二模）Do you know the man ________ is standing under the tree
A．what B．which C．who D．whom
23．（2022·甘肃陇南·校考模拟预测）Friends are people ________ always open their hearts to you and encourage you to succeed.
A．which B．what C．who D．how
24．（2022·甘肃金昌·校考一模）Do you know the boy ________ is over there
A．who B．which C．what D．whose
25．（2022·甘肃陇南·校考模拟预测）This is the best movie ________ I have seen this year.
A．when B．which C．what D．that
完形填空
（2022·江西·二模）There are many different kinds of sports that are played by a large number of different people. Some people do sport for their career(职业) and other people simply do sport for ____26____, they just want to get relaxed. Some sports, like cricket(板球), require the use of a lot of equipment(设备), while others need very little in order to ____27____ play a game in that sport. Some people use public(公共的) playing fields to play sport for ____28____, while other sports such as tennis, badminton and table tennis are usually paid for in the sports centre.
Most ____29____ are played with a ball. Some sports use more than one ball and snooker is one of the sports that make use of a number of balls while being ____30____. The game ____31____ is often controlled by judgers(裁判) in sports like football. Most sports have a duration(持续时间) of not more than a few hours, ____32____ some games can last for up to a week. And a game of cricket can ____33____ five days before a winner is turned out.
Some people ____34____ to watch sport. This can ____35____ be done by going to a local sports centre or on the television. It is often cheaper to watch sport at home than to visit the stadium(体育场) or a ____36____ event. Some sports, such as football and cricket, are ____37____ popular in the United Kingdom but not in the USA．In the USA people often play basketball and baseball, however, most countries ____38____ in world events such as the football world cup or the Olympics, which ____39____ every four years.
Nowadays, taking part in sporting activity is encouraged by doctors and schools, because it is good for our ____40____ and body.
26．A．money B．fun C．skills D．life
27．A．successfully B．traditionally C．silently D．confidently
28．A．friendship B．prizes C．free D．experience
29．A．people B．sports C．exercises D．games
30．A．played B．watched C．improved D．shared
31．A．myself B．himself C．herself D．itself
32．A．although B．however C．until D．since
33．A．leave B．remain C．last D．support
34．A．prefer B．serve C．expect D．produce
35．A．either B．neither C．both D．all
36．A．environmental B．personal C．usual D．special
37．A．really B．real C．hard D．hardly
38．A．finish B．complete C．compete D．choose
39．A．is held B．was held C．hold on D．hold up
40．A．opinions B．dreams C．hops D．mind
阅读理解
A
（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测）
On September 17th,2019, “Bing Dwen Dwen” and “Shuey Rhon Rhon” were chosen as the mascots (吉祥物) for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games and the Paralympic(残奥会).
Bing Dwen Dwen It’s a cartoon image(形象) of a panda wearing a spacesuit. It looks like a winter sports athlete from the future.“Bing” means “ice” in Chinese, which is a symbol of winter sports. “Dwen” suggests health. “Dwen Dwen” gives me image a more friendly feel. Altogether, “Bing Dwen Dwen” shows the spirit of the Olympics, including a strong mind and a healthy body.
Shuey Rhon Rhon It looks like a red lantern hanging on homes and streets to celebrate Chinese New Year. On its head are paper cuts of pigeons in the shape of the Temple of Heaven.“Shuey” means “snow” in Chinese. “Rhon Rhon” are two different Chinese characters with the same pronunciation. The mascot, “Shuey Rhon Rhon”, symbolizes communication among different cultures.
The idea behind these two mascots is to connect traditional Chinese culture with the games. The panda is designed with its modern appearance to show our great expectations for the Games and our welcome to the whole world. The vivid red image of “Rhon Rhon” reminds people of the celebration of China’s Spring Festival.
41．“Bing Dwen Dwen” is a cartoon image of ________.
A．a panda B．a lantern C．a spacesuit
42．What does the mascot “Shuey Rhon Rhon” symbolize
A．The strong mind of all athletes.
B．The friendliness of the Olympics.
C．Communication among different cultures.
43．The idea behind the two mascots is to ________.
A．stress the importance of health
B．show traditional Chinese culture
C．celebrate China’s Spring Festival
44．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passages
A．“Rhon Rhon” are two different Chinese characters with the same meaning.
B．“Bing Dwen Dwen”and “Shuey Rhon Rhon” are the mascots(吉祥物) for the 2022 Beijing Winter Paralympics.
C．On the head of Rhon Rhon are paper cuts of pigeons in the shape of the Temple of Heaven.
45．You can find the passages from a ________.
A．comic book B．website C．textbook
B
（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨风华中学校考模拟预测）
Do you pay with paper money, credit cards, or your phone when you go shopping People in China may pay with WeChat(微信) on the phones. We seldom use paper money.
While WeChat Pay is now a part of life in our country, this way of payment also appears in other countries and traders have to accept it. According to Xinhua News, about 13 foreign countries have WeChat Pay services for Chinese travelers.
Is it good or bad to use WeChat Pay Will people no longer use paper money in the future Some discussions appear on the Internet.
“I don’t think so. Nearly half of Chinese people live in the countryside. People there can’t enjoy it without good internet service. And most old people like to use paper money.” said Winnie.
“WeChat Pay is convenient and safe. We needn’t tell if the money is real or fake. But paper money is just the opposite. We should encourage people to use WeChat Pay more.” said a wise man.
“For a long time, people will use different payment ways, said Sunshine. “Traders should allow people to choose the ways they like to pay.”
Will paper money disappear in the future What’s your ideas about it
根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
46．The underline word “fake” in Paragraph 5 may mean “________” in Chinese.
A．麻烦的 B．假的 C．残缺的
47．When we pay with We Chat, we need to use our ________.
A．smart phones B．paper money C．credit cards
48．A wise man thinks ________.
A．it is not safe if people don’t use paper money
B．WeChat Pay is convenient and safe
C．people will go on using paper money in the future
49．From the passage, we can know ________.
A．only Chinese people use WeChat Pay
B．Chinese travelers can use WeChat Pay in about 13 foreign countries
C．people use WeChat Pay more than paper money in the world
50．What’s the best title for this passage
A．Why People Use WeChat Pay
B．WeChat Payment in China
C．Payment Ways in the Future
四、短文填空
（2022·黑龙江大庆·统考一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Stephen Hawking, who was born in England in 1942, has died at the age of 76. He was one of the ____51____ (great) scientists on space and time in the world. Hawking spent his whole life ____52____ (study) how the universe started and how it ends.
____53____ he studied math and science at Oxford University, he got serious illness which made him unable to speak or breathe. He also couldn’t move or dress ____54____ (he). However, he had ____55____ wheelchair with a special computer, with which he could communicate with others.
Though he was facing all these ____56____ (difficulty), he refused to give up his hope of living. Because of his illness, it was difficult ____57____ him to draw diagrams or to write. So he ____58____ (begin) thinking in pictures. With this new way of thinking, he is respected by people in the world.
Once he was invited to China to give lectures. We were touched by his self-confidence and humorous conversation ____59____ (deep).
He once said, “When something unfair happens, ____60____ is nothing to worry about! You just have to do the best in your own situation.”
参考答案：
1．A
【详解】句意：来自宁波的蒋昕桦在奥地利世界技能大赛中获得金牌。
考查定语从句关系代词。who谁，定语从句关系代词，指代人，作主语或宾语；which哪一个，定语从句关系代词，指代事物，作主语或宾语；what什么，宾语从句连接代词，指代物。根据“Jiang Xinhua...comes from Ningbo won a gold medal in World Skills Competition in Austria.”可知，句子为定语从句，空处需填关系代词，指代Jiang Xinhua，作主语。故选A。
2．A
【详解】句意：——你认为登山者怎么样？——我非常尊敬他们。登山者的精神告诉我们人类可以更强大，告诉我们不要放弃。
考查定语从句。which关系代词，指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；of whom介词+宾格，whom指人的关系代词，在从句中作宾语；who关系代词，指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；分析句子结构可知，此句为定语从句，先行词是The spirit of the climbers，指物，且在从句中作主语，用which符合语境。故选A。
3．B
【详解】句意：是时候告别你的中学生活了。记得向那些在过去四年里为你如此努力工作的人说谢谢。
考查定语从句的引导词。which在定语从句中指代物；who在定语从句中指代人；what不能引导定语从句。根据“Remember to say thanks to those…have worked so hard for you in the past four years.”可知，本句是定语从句，先行词是those，先行词指的是“为你如此努力工作的人”，用关系代词who，故选B。
4．B
【详解】句意：——弗兰克，看那座工人们正在打扫的高楼。——那是一个刚开业的购物商业区。
考查定语从句引导词。分析句子可知空后面是定语从句，先行词“building”，先行词是物，在定语从句中作宾语，关系代词用that。故选B。
5．A
【详解】句意：我喜欢我爸爸上周给我买的最可爱的软玩具。
考查定语从句的关系词。根据“I like the cutest soft toys ... my father bought for me last week.”可知，该句是含有定语从句的复合句，且先行词前有最高级“cutest”修饰，故关系词要用that。故选A。
6．B
【详解】句意：我们永远不会忘记我们在印度拜访的那些人和参观的那些建筑。
考查定语从句和一般过去时。分析句子可知，该句为定语从句，先行词是“the people and buildings”，同时指人和物，用“that”引导定语从句，根据语境可知，从句描述过去的事情，谓语填动词的过去式，第二空填“visited”。故选B。
7．C
【详解】句意：——你看过《我和我的祖国》这部电影吗？——当然。它是我看过的最感动的电影。
考查从属连词辨析。which（……的）那个；what什么；that（……的）那个。the most moving movie为名词，指物，其后接which或that引导的定语从句修饰它，因先行词movie被形容词的最高级，因此引导词只能用that而不用which。故选C。
8．B
【详解】句意：虽然我们学生即将离开中学，我们应该永远记住那些美好的日子，我们和我们的同学度过了难忘的时光。
考查定语从句。根据“we should always remember the very good old days”和“we’ve spent the unforgettable time with our classmates”可知，空格处引导定语从句，从句不缺成分，先行词为“days”，故应用when或时间介词+which，此时时间介词应用on。故选B。
9．C
【详解】句意：——昨天的班会上你们做了什么？——我们谈论了那些对我们的生活产生重大影响的人。
考查定语从句。whose指代人，作定语；which指代事物，作主语或宾语；who指代人，作主语或宾语。根据“We talked about people...made a big difference to our life.”可知，空处需填关系代词，代替people，作从句的主语。故选C。
10．C
【详解】句意：——你知道吉祥物“雪容融”的设计者姜宇帆吗？——是的，她出生在黑龙江伊春，她是这个镇的骄傲。
考查定语从句以及冠词辨析。第一空所在句子是定语从句，先行词Jiang Yufan指人，在从句中作主语，用关系词who引导定语从句。第二空表示特指，应填the，故选C。
11．C
【详解】句意：我们每个人都有一个人生目标，它将引导我们走向光明的未来。
考查定语从句关系词。分析句子结构可知此处是定语从句，先行词“a life goal”指物，且在从句中作主语，用which引导定语从句。故选C。
12．C
【详解】句意：——和你谈话的那个人是谁？——他是我的好朋友。他告诉我他经历过的最激动人心的冒险。
考查定语从句。空格所在的两个句子都是定语从句，第一句中已有疑问词who，关系词用that；先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时，关系词用that，故选C。
13．C
【详解】句意：——你找到我们可以在作文中用到的有关袁隆平和钟南山的信息了吗？——还没有。我将上网查找更多的信息。
考查关系代词。whom指代人，作宾语；who指代人，作主语或宾语；which指代事物，作主语或宾语。根据“Have you found any information about Yuan Longping and Zhong Nanshan...we can use in our composition ”可知，空处需填一个关系代词，代替information，作宾语。故选C。
14．A
【详解】句意：随着我们即将从初中毕业，我们一起度过的4年学校生活将永远铭记在心。
考查定语从句。which哪个；when当……时；what什么。分析句子结构可知，此句为定语从句，先行词为the 4-year school life，从句中缺少宾语，可用which或that来引导。故选A。
15．B
【详解】句意：我们上周参观的公园里将有一场花展。
考查定语从句的引导词和代词辨析。when什么时候，何时，当时，在……时候，当……时；which哪个，哪些；what什么，不能引导定语从句。分析句子结构可知，本句是一个定语从句，when引导的定语从句主要是用来修饰、说明、限定表示“时间”的先行词，而本句的先行词是名词park“公园”，是一个表示“地点”的名词。which是代词，可以指代the park，在从句中作visited的宾语。故选B。
16．C
【详解】句意：他喜欢由他最喜爱的演员威尔史密斯出演的电影。
考查定语从句的引导词。句中Will Smith是句子的插入语，film“电影”，是该定语从句的先行词，在从句中充当played in的宾语，which符合。故选C。
17．C
【详解】句意：为了进入一所好的高中，我们不应该仅仅学习我们感兴趣的科目。
考查定语从句关系词。句子的先行词the subjects“科目”为“物”，而空前有介词，关系词只能用which，故选C。
18．B
【详解】句意：这是我读过的最有趣的故事之一。
考查定语从句。根据“stories”和“I have ever read”可知，空格处引导定语从句，从句缺宾语，故应用关系代词，排除选项D。由于从句先行词为one of the most interesting stories，表物品，且有最高级修饰，此时只能用that。故选B。
19．A
【详解】句意：你认识那个在火灾中救了五个人的人吗？
考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词man指人，在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句，故选A。
20．A
【详解】句意：获得金牌的女孩来自北京阳光中学。
考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词girl表人，在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句，故选A。
21．B
【详解】句意：——你觉得今晚的电影怎么样，托尼？——那是我曾经看过的最有趣的一部电影。
考查定语从句。when关系副词，作时间状语；that关系代词，先行词指人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；what不能引导定语从句；who关系代词，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。句中先行词前有最高级the most interesting修饰，关系词用that，故选B。
22．C
【详解】句意：你认识站在树下的那个人吗？
考查定语从句关系词。根据“the man ... is standing under the tree”可知此处是定语从句，先行词“the man”指人，在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句。故选C。
23．C
【详解】句意：朋友是那些总是向你敞开心扉并鼓励你成功的人。
考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词people指人，在从句中作主语，应用who引导定语从句，故选C。
24．A
【详解】句意：你认识那边的那个男孩吗？
考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词boy是指人，在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句，故选A。
25．D
【详解】句意：这是我今年看过的最好的电影。
考查从属连词辨析。when当……时；which哪一个，……的那个；what什么；that……的那个。movie为名词，指物，后接修饰它的定语从句，可用which或that来引导，根据“the best movie”可知，先行词有最高级修饰，引导词用that不用which。故选D。
26．B 27．A 28．C 29．B 30．A 31．D 32．B 33．C 34．A 35．A 36．D 37．A 38．C 39．A 40．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过介绍人们参加体育活动方式，体育运动项目，体育竞赛，体育运动欣赏等方面来说明体育运动对人们的生活影响——参加体育运动有利于身心健康。
26．句意：有些人做运动是为了他们的职业，有些人只是为了娱乐，他们只是想放松一下。
money钱；fun乐趣；skills技能；life生活。由后文的“They just want to get relaxed.”可知他们有些人做运动的目的只是为了娱乐放松自己，Do something for fun“做某事娱乐”。故选B。
27．句意：其他人只需要很少的时间就可以在这项运动中成功地进行比赛。
successfully成功地；traditionally传统地；silently悄悄地；confidently自信地。放在动词“play”之前，要用副词来修饰动词“play”。根据“Some sports, like cricket(板球), require the use of a lot of equipment(设备), while others need very little in order to…play a game in that sport.”一些运动，比如说板球要用到很多的设备，而其他一些运动只需要一点点设备，目的是为了很成功地玩这个游戏。可知，要使用运动设备的目的是能够玩这个游戏。所以Successfully最符合题意。故选A。
28．句意：一些人使用公共运动场免费进行运动，而网球、羽毛球和乒乓球等其他运动通常在体育中心要付费。
friendship友谊；prizes奖品；free免费；experience经验。由文章后一句“…Table tennis are you really paid for in the sports centre.”可知在一些体育运动中心的运动场地，是要付钱的。而在公共场所的运动场地，人们在那里做运动是免费的，“Do something for Free”免费做某事。故选C。
29．句意：大部分的运动都是用球来进行的。
people人们；sports运动；exercise练习；games游戏。由下文的“Some sports use more than one ball and snooker is one of the sports that make use of a number of balls while being…”可知指的是运动，上一句应讲：大部分的运动都是用球来进行的。故选B。
30．句意：斯诺克是使用许多球来做这项运动的体育运动项目之一。
played玩；watched观看；improved提高；shared分享。根据“Some sports use more than one ball and snooker is one of the sports that make use of a number of balls while being…”可知指的是当这个斯诺克运动在被玩的时候，用了许多的球。故选A。
31．句意：比赛经常是由裁判所控制的，比如说足球。
myself我自己；himself他自己；herself她自己；itself它自己。根据“The game…is often controlled by judgers(裁判) in sports like football.”可知这里的反身代词指代的是“The game”, “The game”是第三人称，所以用itself，故选D。
32．句意：大多数运动的持续时间不超过几个小时，然而有些运动可以持续一周。
although虽然；however然而；until直到；since既然。由上一句的“Not more than a few hours”以及下一句“last for up to a week”可知这两个时间在这里是相对的，所以用转折关系连词however。故选B。
33．句意：一场板球比赛可以持续五天才能分出胜负。
leave留下、离开；remain剩余；last继续；support支持。由上一句“Some games can last for up to a week.”可知此处指的是板球也是持续了五天才能出结果，“last for some time”持续一段时间。故选C。
34．句意：有些人更喜欢看体育节目。
prefer更喜欢；serve服务；expect期盼；produce生产。上文讲到的都是人们去参加运动的情况，而这一段是讲人们观看体育运动的，欣赏体育运动的情况。相对来说有些人更喜欢观看运动，欣赏运动。根据各备选选项语义可知，Prefer符合情景，prefer to…“更喜欢……”，故选A。
35．句意：这可以通过去当地的体育中心或在电视上进行。
either或者；neither两者都不；both两者都；All全部都。有下文的“…or on the television”可知是，人们欣赏运动这样的事情要么可以在当地的体育中心完成，或者是在电视上观看。这里有两个选项，短语either…or意为“或者……或者……”，故选A。
36．句意：在家观看体育比赛通常比参观体育场或特殊活动更便宜。
environmental环境的；personal个人的；usual平常的；special特殊的。根据“It is often cheaper to watch sport at home than to visit the stadium(体育场) or a…event. ”可知“or”连接两个等同成分，根据各选项意思可知是一个特殊的比赛项目才会去现场观看，所以指的是到现场观看特殊的运动比赛项目，故选D。
37．句意：一些运动，比如说足球和板球在英国真正的是相当的流行，而在美国就不是。
really真正地，副词；real真实的，形容词；Hard困难的，形容词；Hardly几乎不，副词。分析“Some sports, such as football and cricket, are…popular in the United Kingdom but not in the USA.”可知此空放在形容词popular之前，Be动词“are”与形容词“popular”构成了系表结构做谓语，所以，空处应填副词，修饰形容词popular，故排除选项B和C。根据句子意思可知，really符合情景，故选A。
38．句意：大多数国家参加足球世界杯或奥运会等每四年举行一次的世界赛事。
finish完成；complete完成；compete竞赛；choose选择。根据“the football world cup or the Olympics”可知指的是竞赛。故选C。
39．句意：大多数国家参加足球世界杯或奥运会等每四年举行一次的世界赛事。
is held被举行；was held被举行；hold on等一会儿、坚持；hold up举起。由文章的上句“Such as the football world cup or the Olympics”可知是这些赛事的举行。故选A。
40．句意：如今，医生和学校都鼓励参加体育活动，因为这对我们的身心有益。
opinions观点；dreams梦想；hopes希望；mind精神理智。由上文“Nowadays taking part in sports activity is encouraged by doctors and schools.”现在医生和学校都鼓励人们参加体育运动，可知医生是从健康上，学校是在精神上和知识上，可知体育运动是对我们的身心健康有好处。故选D。
41．A 42．C 43．B 44．C 45．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了北京冬奥会吉祥物冰墩墩和残奥会吉祥物雪容融。
41．细节理解题。根据“It’s a cartoon image(形象) of a panda wearing a spacesuit.”可知冰墩墩是熊猫的卡通形象。故选A。
42．细节理解题。根据“‘Shuey Rhon Rhon’, symbolizes communication among different cultures.”可知雪容融象征着不同文化之间的交流，故选C。
43．推理判断题。根据“‘’Bing means ‘ice’ in Chinese, which is a symbol of winter sports. ‘Dwen’ suggests health”以及“‘Shuey’ means ‘snow’ in Chinese. ‘Rhon Rhon’ are two different Chinese characters with the same pronunciation”可推知这两个吉祥物背后的理念是展示中国传统文化。故选B。
44．细节理解题。根据“On its head are paper cuts of pigeons in the shape of the Temple of Heaven.”可知在雪容融的头上是纸刻的天坛形状的鸽子。故选C。
45．推理判断题。根据“CHINADAILY.”可推知可以在网站上找到这篇文章，故选B。
46．B 47．A 48．B 49．B 50．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了人们对于微信支付的不同看法以及纸币未来是否会完全消失。
46．词义猜测题。根据“WeChat Pay is convenient and safe. We needn’t tell if the money is real or fake.”（微信支付既方便又安全。我们不必分辨这些钱是真的还是假的）可知，fake与real互为反义词，real“真的”，fake是“假的”的意思。故选B。
47．细节理解题。根据“People in China may pay with WeChat(微信) on the phones.”可知微信支付需要用智能手机，故选A。
48．细节理解题。根据“‘WeChat Pay is convenient and safe. We needn’t tell if the money is real or fake. But paper money is just the opposite. We should encourage people to use WeChat Pay more.’ said a wise man.”可知智者认为微信支付既方便又安全，故选B。
49．细节理解题。根据“about 13 foreign countries have WeChat Pay services for Chinese travelers.”可知中国游客可以在大约13个国家使用微信支付。故选B。
50．最佳标题题。根据“Will paper money disappear in the future What’s your ideas about it ”以及全文可知，本文主要介绍了人们对于微信支付的不同看法以及纸币未来是否会完全消失，所以C选项符合，故选C。
51．greatest 52．studying 53．When 54．himself 55．a 56．difficulties 57．for 58．began 59．deeply 60．there
【导语】本文主要是介绍了霍金是世界上最伟大的科学家之一，对他生平一些事迹的介绍。
51．句意：他是世界上关于空间和时间的最伟大的科学家之一。根据“He was one of the…scientists on space and time in the world.”及great提示可知，考查one of+形容词的最高级+名词的复数形式，表示“最……之一”。故填greatest。
52．句意：霍金的一生都花费在研究宇宙是如何开始和结束的。根据“Hawking spent his whole life…how the universe started and how it ends.”及study可知，考查动词短语spend time (in) doing sth.“花费时间做某事”。故填studying。
53．句意：当他在哈佛大学学习数学和科学的时候，他得了严重的疾病，这让他无法说话和呼吸。根据“…he studied math and science at Oxford University, he got serious illness which made him unable to speak or breathe.”可知，空处缺少“当……时候”的意思，所以使用when引导时间状语从句。故填When。
54．句意：他也无法移动和为自己穿衣服。根据“He also couldn’t move or dress…”及he可知，考查动词短语dress oneself“为某人穿衣”。he的反身代词是himself。故填himself。
55．句意：然而他有一辆有着特殊电脑的轮椅。根据“he had…wheelchair with a special computer, with which he could communicate with others.”可知，wheelchair是单数，表示泛指，空处使用不定冠词a。故填a。
56．句意：虽然他面临着这些困难，他拒绝放弃生存的希望。根据“Though he was facing all these…he refused to give up his hope of living.”及difficulty可知， these修饰名词的复数形式。故填difficulties。
57．句意：因为他的疾病，画图表和写字对他来说是困难的。根据“Because of his illness, it was difficult…him to draw diagrams or to write. ”可知，考查it is difficult for sb. to do sth. “对某人而言做某事是……”。故填for。
58．句意：所以他开始以图片的形式思考。根据“So he…thinking in pictures. ”及begin可知，此处表示过去发生的事件，因此使用一般过去时，空处用动词的过去式。故填began。
59．句意：我们被他的自信和幽默的对话深深地感动。根据“We were touched by his self-confidence and humorous conversation…”及deep可知，此处使用副词deeply修饰谓语动词touched。故填deeply。
60．句意：当一些不公平的事情发生时，不用担心什么。根据“…is nothing to worry about!”可知，此处使用there be句型。故填there。
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