中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
【2023赢在中考】-中考英语二轮专题解读与强化训练学案
专题05 代词
一、人称代词; 二、物主代词;
三、反身代词; 四、指示代词;
五、不定代词; 六、相互代词; 七、疑问代词。
考向一:人称代词
1. 定义:人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。它必须在人称(第一人称、第二人称、及第三人称)、数(单数、复数)以及性(阴性、阳性、中性)三方面与被指代的名词一致。
The cat is small. It(此处代指第三人称单数 The dog)is Mary’ s.
2. 分类:人称代词主格和人称代词宾格
人称 单数 复数
主格 宾格 主格 宾格
第一人称 I me we us
第二人称 you you you you
第三人称 he him they them
she her
it it
3. 用法
(1)通常主格作主语(在句首,动词前)。
He likes swimming. 他喜欢游泳。
(2)宾格作宾语(在动词或介词后)或作表语(在be动词后)。
Can you understand me 你能理解我吗?(作宾语)
—Who is knocking at the door 谁在敲门?
—It’s me. 是我。(作表语)
(3)人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时,用主格和宾格都可以。
Sam is much taller than I/me. 山姆比我高得多。
(4)单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格,即使它代表主语时也是如此。
—I like travelling. 我喜欢旅游。
—Me too. 我也喜欢。
(5)人称代词并列时的排列顺序。
①人称代词单数并列作主语时,其顺序为:第二人称→第三人称→第一人称,即you, he/she/it and I(若是承担错误责任,第一人称应当先)。
It was I and John that made her angry. 是我和约翰使她生气了。
②复数人称代词作主语时,其顺序为:第一人称→第二人称→第三人称,即we, you and they。
1.(2022·山东济南·中考真题)Bill’s brother likes playing soccer and ________ is on the school team.
A.she B.her C.his D.he
【答案】D
【详解】句意:比尔的哥哥喜欢踢足球,他是校队队员。
考查代词辨析。she她,人称代词主格;her她(的),人称代词宾格或形容词性物主代词;his他的,物主代词;he他,人称代词主格。根据“... is on the school team”可知句中缺少主语,用he指代“Bill’s brother”。故选D。
2.(2022·湖南益阳·中考真题)________ name is Kate and ________ wants to be a teacher.
A.She; her B.Her; she C.Her; her
【答案】B
【详解】句意:她的名字叫凯特,她想成为一名教师。
考查代词辨析。she她;her她,她的。根据题干和语境,可知第一空修饰名词name,因此用形容词性物主代词her;第二空在句子中作主语,她想当一名教师,因此用人称代词主格she。故选B。
考向二:物主代词
1. 定义:物主代词是表示所有关系的代词,用来说明某物属于某人或与某人有关。
2. 分类:
单数 复数
第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
形容词性物主代词 my your his/her/its our your their
名词性物主代词 mine yours his/her/ its ours yours theirs
含义 我的 你的 他的/她的/它的 我们的 你们的 他(她,它)们的
3. 用法
(1)形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,只能放在名词前作定语,后面一定要跟一个名词。
my book,your name,their hobbies
①放在被拥有的物体名词前,指明事物的归属者。
My book is on the desk. 我的书在桌子上。
②放在被拥有的事物名词前,表示事物与某人有某种联系。
He is my younger brother. 他是我的弟弟。
③用于描述说话人对自己所做的事情或某人对某人自己所做的事情。
She is brushing her teeth. 她正在刷牙。
④放在表示动作的名词之前,指明动作的施行者。
not long after our arrival 在我们到达后不久
⑤放在表示动作的名词之前,指明动作的承受者。
Jim and his supporters 吉姆和他的支持者们
⑥用于头衔
Your Majesty(陛下)
Would Your Highness like a cup of tea 阁下想要一杯茶吗?
【注意】
a. 形容词性物主代词的选择应根据事物的所有者的"人称"(第一、二、三人称)和"数"(单、复数)来确定。
b. 形容词性物主代词通常修饰有生命的事物,如 "the door"或"the door of the room"比"its door"更常见。
c. 表示某物属于某人或某物,或者与某人某物有关可以用名词所有格或"of +介词短语"表示。
(2)名词性物主代词相当于名词,后面不能加名词,可单独使用,可在句中充当主语、宾语、表语等。相当于"形容词性物主代词+名词"。
①用于说明某事物与刚提及的事物类别相同,但属于其他人。
Sarah’ s house is much bigger than ours. 萨拉的房子比我们的房子要大很多。
②常用于"of"引出的介词短语,表示所谈及的是群体中的一员。
a friend of mine 我的一个朋友(表示许多朋友中的一个)
1.(2022·西藏·中考真题)— Is this pen ________, Tina
— No, it isn’t. It’s Linda’s.
A.you B.yours C.your D.yourself
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——Tina,这支钢笔是你的吗?——不,它不是。它是Linda的。
考查代词辨析。you你,人称代词主格;yours你的,名词性物主代词;your你的,形容词性物主代词;yourself你自己,反身代词。根据“Is this pen…”可知,问钢笔是不是你的,空后没有名词,用名词性物主代词作表语。故选B。
考向三: 反身代词
英语中用来表示"我自己""你自己""他自己""我们自己""你们自己""他/她/它们自己"等意义的代词称为反身代词。反身代词可以在句中作宾语、表语和同位语。
1. 作宾语,表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者,主语和宾语指同一个人或一些人。
He enjoyed himself in the wild. 他在野外玩得很开心。
2. 作表语。
It doesn’ t matter. I’ ll be myself soon. 不要紧。我很快就会恢复好。
3. 作主语或宾语的同位语,意为"亲自"。主要用于加强语气,可紧跟在被修饰名词后或句末。
She herself went to the school. (=She went to the school herself.)(作主语同位语)
You should ask the teacher himself. (作宾语同位语)
4. 常用短语:by oneself 亲自;独自
enjoy oneself 玩得开心
dress oneself 自己穿衣服
teach oneself 自学
反身代词用法口诀反身代词莫乱用,能在句中宾、表、同;主语、定语不能用,固定搭配要记清。单数反身代词:myself, yourself, himself, itself;复数反身代词:ourselves, yourselves, themselves。
(2022·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题)I believe we can make a difference if we’re brave enough to believe in ________.
A.us B.we C.our D.ourselves
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我相信,如果我们有足够的勇气相信自己,我们就能有所作为。
考查代词辨析。us我们,人称代词宾格;we我们,人称代词主格;our我们的,形容词性物主代词;ourselves我们自己,反身代词。此处是believe in oneself“相信自己”,故用反身代词。故选D。
考向四:指示代词
1. 定义:表示"这个""那个""这些""那些"等指示概念的代词叫指示代词。
指示代词 用法 例句
this(these) 用于指时间或空间上较近的事物 Is this your pen These are my books.
that(those) 用于指时间或空间上较远的事物 That dictionary is Mary’ s.Are those your books
2. 用法
指示代词可在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。
(1)that 和those代替前面提到的东西,以避免重复这个名词。
My seat is next to that of the mayor.(that=mayor’ s seat)我的座位在市长座位旁边。
(2)this 或 that用来回指上文提到的事情,但若要指下文叙述的事情,通常要用 this。
—She is a beautiful girl. 她是一个漂亮的女孩。
—Who said that 那是谁说的?
I want to know this: Is she beautiful 我想知道这一点:她美吗
(3)在打电话时,通常用 this 指自己,用that指对方:
Hello. This is Jim. Is that John 喂,我是吉姆,你是约翰吗?
(4)指示代词this,that和these在作主语时可指物也可指人,但作其他句子成分时只能指物,不能指人。而those作宾语后接定语从句时可以指人。而且只有that、those后面可以跟定语从句。
(2022·江苏连云港·模拟预测)The games in the 2024 Paris Olympics will be a little bit different from ________ in the Tokyo Olympics.
A.that B.ones C.those D.it
【答案】C
【详解】句意:2024年巴黎奥运会的比赛将与东京奥运会略有不同。
考查代词辨析。that指代单数名词/不可数名词;ones指代复数名词;those指代the+复数名词;it指代上文出现的事物。根据“The games in the 2024 Paris Olympics will be a little bit different from”可知,此处需用代词those指代东京奥运会的比赛the games。故选C。
考向五:不定代词
不明确指代某个人、某个事物、某些人、某些事物的代词叫不定代词。不定代词可以代替名称和形容词,表示不同的数量概念。不定代词没有主格和宾格之分,在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语等。
1. 不定代词的句法功能
不定代词 成分
all,both,each,neither,either,much,little,many,few,other,some,any,one 在句中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语
everyone,everybody,everything,someone, somebody,something,anyone,anybody,anything,no one,nobody,nothing,none 在句中可作主语、宾语和表语
every,no 在句中只能作定语
不定代词的基本语法
(1)some、any的用法
用法 例句
some和any作定语时既可以修饰可数名词,又可以修饰不可数名词 Some rice in the bag has been sold out. 袋子里的一些大米已经卖出去了。(修饰不可数名词)Do you have any brothers or sisters 你有兄弟姐妹吗?(修饰可数名词)
some多用于肯定句;在表示请求、劝告、邀请、或不希望对方拒绝的疑问句中用some而不用any Some of the boys are good at swimming. 一些男孩擅长游泳。Will you give me some water 请给我一些水好吗
any多用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中;用于肯定句中,表示"任何" If you have any questions, please ask me. 如果你有问题,可以问我。Any child needs love. 任何一个孩子都需要爱。
some和any可以用来修饰单数名词,some表示"某一";any表示"任何的" Any student can answer this question. 任何学生都可以回答这个问题。Someday Chinese people will fly to the moon. 某天中国人将会飞上月球。
(2)few,a few,little,a little的用法
用法 用于可数名词 用于不可数名词
表示肯定概念 a few虽少,但有几个 a little虽少,但有一点
表示否定概念 few不多,几乎没有 little不多,没有什么
【知识拓展】
1. 这四个词或词组在句中都可作主语、宾语和定语。
Few of us have been to Beijing. 我们中几乎没有人去过北京。(主语)
I know little about the book. 我几乎不知道这本书的内容。(宾语)
There is a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些牛奶。(定语)
He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。(定语)
2. a little和little也可以用作副词,a little表示"有点,稍微",little表示"很少"。
I’ m a little hungry. 我有点俄。(修饰形容词hungry)
Let him sleep a little. 让他睡一会儿。(修饰动词sleep)
Mary, go a little faster, please. 玛丽,请走快一点儿。(修饰副词比较级)
(3)other,the other,others,the others,another的用法
用法 例句
other 某一个,另一些,其他的。不能单独使用,后面要跟单数名词或复数名词,泛指别的 Where are his other books 他的另一些书在哪里
others 其他。必须单独使用,泛指别人或别的东西,常用于"some... others"结构 Some are red, and others are black. 一些是红的,另一些是黑的。
the other 两个中的另一个,剩下的一个。特指,常用于"one... the other..."结构 She has two sisters — one is a nurse, and the other is a teacher. 她有两个姐姐,一个是护士,另一个是老师。
the others 其他全部,其余的。表示在一个范围内的其他全部 In our class only Tommy is English, and the others are Chinese. 我们班除了汤米是英国人外,其他都是中国人。
another 另一个(指多个中的任何一个),可单独用,也可接单数名词或名词复数,表示"另几个,再几个" You can see another ship in the sea, can’ t you 你能看见另一艘船在海里,不是吗
(4)all,both,none,either,neither的用法
用法 例句
all ①侧重指三者或三者以上"都,全部,一切",在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语和同位语;all于否定句时,表示部分否定;表示全部否定使用none。 All the students are on the playground. 所有的学生都在操场上。Not all books are good.(= All books are not good. 不是所有的书都是好书。
【知识拓展】all作主语,指代人时,谓语动词使用复数形式,指代事情时,谓语动词一般使用单数;作同位语时,all在句中的位置与both相同。All goes very well. 一切进展非常顺利。
both ①表示"两者都",可以作主语、宾语、定语和同位语;②用于否定句表示部分否定,全部否定使用neither;③both... and"两者都,既……又……"。 They both are not workers. 他们两个不都是工人。Both Carl and Jeff are good at playing football. 卡尔和杰夫都擅长踢足球
【知识拓展】both作主语时,谓语动词使用复数形式;作主语的同位语时,位于be动词、助动词之后,行为动词之前。Both of them have been to Beijing. 他们两人都去过北京。They all enjoyed it. 他们都喜欢它。
none ①意为"没有人,没有一个,一点儿也没有,作主语和宾语,不作定语;②none指代可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数或复数形式均可,而指代不可数名词时,谓语动词必须使用单数形式。 None of the books are mine. 这些书都不是我的。None of the rubbish has been removed. 垃圾一点也没运走。
【易错警示】none与no one的区别:none既可指人,又可指物,而no one意为"没有人",只能用于指人。作主语时,谓语用单数;none可以与of搭配,而no one无此用法;none用于回答how many或how much引出的特殊疑问句,而no one用于回答who引出的特殊疑问句。—How many students are there in the classroom now 现在教室里有多少学生?—None. 没有一个人。—Who is in the classroom now 现在谁在教室呢?—No one. 没人。
either ①表示"两者中任何一个",可作主语、宾语和定语;②either作主语时,谓语动词应使用单数形式;作定语时,修饰单数名词。 You can park on either side of the street. 你在街道的哪边停车都可以。The two guests have arrived and either is welcome. 两个客人都到了,而且都受欢迎。
【知识拓展】(1)either可用于搭配"either... or...",意为"或者……或者……;要么……要么……"。Either he or I am to blame. 或者他或者我将受到责备。(2)either可作为副词,意为"也",用于否定句的句末。He won’ t go and I won’ t go either. 他不去,我也不去。
neither ①意为"两者都不",可作主语、宾语和定语;②neither... nor..."既不……也不……"。 Neither answer is correct. 两个答案都不对。Neither he nor I am a doctor. 他和我都不是医生。
【易错警示】neither作主语时,谓语动词使用单数形式;作定语时,修饰单数名词。
(5)复合不定代词的用法
由some,any,every,no与one,body,thing一起构成的代词叫复合不定代词,如something,everybody,anyone,nothing等。由one和body构成的复合不定代词可相互换用。
用法 例句
复合不定代词一般用作单数,在句中作主语、宾语或表语 Nobody is aliment. 没有人缺席。(主语)Do you need anything 你需要点什么吗 (宾语)Grammar is not everything. 语法不是全部。(表语)
复合不定代词被定语修饰时,定语须放在它们后面 There is nothing wrong with the radio. 收音机没有什么问题。
由some构成的复合不定代词用法与some类似,而由any构成的复合不定代词用法与any类似。当any构成的复合不定代词用于肯定句时,常表示"无论什么东西,随便什么东西/事情" There’ s always somebody at home in the evenings. 晚上总有人在家。Is there anything interesting in the newspaper 报纸上有什么有趣的东西吗?
【易错警示】
every day与everyday的区别:
1. every day是名词短语,在句中充当状语,修饰整个句子。
I finish my homework before 9 every day. 我每天九点前完成作业。
2. everyday是形容词,在句中充当定语,修饰名词。
Everyday work makes me bored. 每天的工作让我很烦。
(2022·江苏盐城·中考真题)— Coffee or milk, Jeff
— ________ is OK. I care little about it.
A.Both B.None C.Either D.Neither
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——咖啡还是牛奶,杰夫?——两个都可以。我不太在乎。
考查代词辨析。Both两者都;None三者及三者以上都不;Either两者中任一个;Neither两者都不。根据“Coffee or milk”可知,在两者中作选择,结合“…is OK. I care little about it.”可知,两者中任意一个都行,故用Either。故选C。
考向六:疑问代词
用来构成特殊疑问句的代词叫疑问代词。它们一般位于句首。疑问代词包括who、whose、whom、what、which。
代词 用法 例句
Who 表示"谁",可以指代单数和复数名词,在句中作主语、宾语或表语 Who is on duty today 今天谁值日?
Whom 表示"谁",可以指代单数和复数。whom只能作动词的宾语或介词的宾语,不直接跟在介词后时可用who替换,位于介词后作介词宾语时只能用whom To whom you were talking just now 你刚才和谁说话呢 Whom/Who did you often play with when you were a child 小时候你经常和谁玩
Whose 表示"谁的",既可置于名词前作定语,也可单独使用,在句中常作主语、宾语、定语或表语 Whose iPad is this 这是谁的iPad? (定语)Whose is this iPad 这个iPad是谁的? (表语)
Which 表示"哪一个(些)",既可指人也可指物,可指可数名词单、复数,也可指不可数名词,在句中常作主语、宾语或定语 Which animal do you like best 你最喜欢哪种动物 Which is cheaper, this printer or that one 这台打印机和那台打印机,哪台更便宜?
what 表示"什么",可单独使用,也可放在名词前,既可以指代或修饰不可数名词,也可以指代或修饰可数名词的单、复数。在句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语 What makes you love your hometown so much 是什么使你这么热爱你的家乡?
【易错警示】
which和what的用法辨析
用which提问,指在相当数目的人或物中进行选择,限制在一定的范围内;用what提问,不限制范围。
Which do you like, rice or meat 你喜欢什么,米饭还是肉?
What do you like 你喜欢什么?
【知识拓展】 what的常见用法
1. 用于询问职业:What be+主语 或What do/does/did+主语+ do
What does your father do =What is your father 你父亲是干什么的?
2. 用于询问天气或品行:What be+主语+like
What’ s the weather like 天气怎么样?
3. 用于询问外貌、长相:What do/does/did+主语+look like
What does she look like 她长什么样?
4. 征求对方的意见:What about ...
What about going out for a movie 出去看电影怎么样?
单项选择
1.(2022·辽宁大连·统考中考真题)Daming is busy making a list of things for________ camping trip now.
A.he B.his C.him D.himself
2.(2022·辽宁沈阳·统考中考真题)With lights, people can do as ________ things in the evenings as they can in the daytime.
A.few B.little C.many D.much
3.(2022·广西玉林·统考中考真题)—Do you know ________ about the four classic novels of Chinese literature (文学)
—Yes, I learn ________ interesting about Journey to the west.
A.anything; anything B.something; anything
C.something; something D.anything; something
4.(2022·湖南邵阳·统考中考真题)— Whose bike is this Don’t put it here.
— Oh, it’s not mine. it’s ________.
A.her B.she C.hers
5.(2022·广西河池·统考中考真题)— Dad, I’m afraid I can’t do well in my math test tomorrow.
— Don’t worry. Believe in ________.
A.you B.your C.yours D.yourself
6.(2022·辽宁盘锦·统考中考真题)These two boys enjoy reading. They are talking about ________ favorite writers.
A.they B.them C.their D.theirs
7.(2022·辽宁营口·统考中考真题)—Lucy, is this ________ dictionary
—No, it isn’t. ________ is in my bag.
A.your; Yours B.my; Mine C.your; Mine D.my; Hers
8.(2022·江苏常州·统考中考真题)Learning is a life-long journey, for it brings us ________ new every day.
A.everything B.nothing C.anything D.something
9.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考中考真题)—I need ________ school things.
—Me, too. Let’s go shopping.
A.no B.some C.any
10.(2022·山东菏泽·中考真题)—I think the 18-year-old Su Yiming performs best in Snowboard Men’s Big Air.
—Yeah, I agree. ________ else does better.
A.Everybody B.Anybody C.Nobody
11.(2022·广西百色·中考真题)The mother encourages her little son to learn to look after ________ .
A.hers B.herself C.his D.himself
12.(2022·广西百色·中考真题)I always believe that there isn’t ________ difficult if we set our mind to do it.
A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing
13.(2022·湖南郴州·统考中考真题)—Hurry up,or we will miss the school bus.
—Don’t worry. We have ________ time.
A.few B.little C.a little
14.(2022·广西贵港·统考中考真题)— Is this your Bing Dwen Dwen (冰墩墩)
— No. ________ is on the sofa.
A.Hers B.His C.Yours D.Mine
15.(2022·湖北荆州·统考中考真题)—Is the girl in a red skirt your sister
—Yes. ________ favorite color is red.
A.Her B.She C.His D.He
16.(2022·江苏徐州·统考中考真题)________ is our duty to make our country better and stronger.
A.It B.This C.That D.One
17.(2022·贵州黔东南·统考中考真题)The Internet makes _________ lives easier, but it sometimes brings trouble to __________ students.
A.we; us B.us; we C.our; us D.ours; we
18.(2022·辽宁·统考中考真题)Students should learn some living skills to take good care of ________.
A.herself B.himself C.yourselves D.themselves
19.(2022·吉林·统考中考真题)Mary has a brother, and ________ name is Bob.
A.her B.its C.his
20.(2022·湖北恩施·统考中考真题)Miss Li is our physics teacher. She teaches ________ P.E. as well.
A.us B.we C.our
21.(2022·黑龙江·统考中考真题)—How can we go to the library this Sunday, by bike or on foot
—________ is OK. It’s up to you.
A.Either B.Neither C.Both
22.(2022·贵州毕节·统考中考真题)I began to teach ________ English when I was twenty-two years old.
A.they B.their C.theirs D.them
23.(2022·贵州铜仁·统考中考真题)—What’s the matter with my throat, doctor
—______. Drinking more hot water is OK.
A.Something serious B.Nothing serious
C.Serious something D.Serious nothing
24.(2022·广西贺州·统考中考真题)There are two apples on the table. One is red and ________ is green.
A.the other B.another C.others D.the others
25.(2022·江苏无锡·统考中考真题)—Coffee or tea, Frank
—Coffee, please. To get relaxed, ________ is better than a cup of coffee.
A.nothing B.anything C.something D.everything
26.(2022·四川凉山·统考中考真题)—I heard you lost your bag yesterday.
—Yes. Luckily, I got it later. And ________ was lost in it.
A.nothing B.anything C.something
27.(2022·新疆·统考中考真题)—You never give up in difficult situations.
—I believe ________ is impossible to a hopeful heart.
A.nothing B.anything C.everything D.something
28.(2022·湖南岳阳·统考中考真题)Even if we are in Grade 9, it’s necessary for _______ to go to bed early and get up early.
A.we B.us C.our
29.(2022·甘肃定西·统考中考真题)These are my cousins. ________ are both university students.
A.We B.You C.I D.They
30.(2022·天津·统考中考真题)—Whose camera is this Is it ________
—No, it’s not mine. It’s ________.
A.you; him B.yours; him C.yours; his D.you; his
31.(2022·云南·统考中考真题)I advise you not to show ________ on the WeChat because it may cause trouble.
A.anything personal B.personal anything
C.something personal D.personal something
32.(2022·云南昆明·统考中考真题)— What is your sister’s favorite color
— ________ favorite color is purple, the Color of the Year for 2022.
A.My B.Your C.His D.Her
33.(2022·安徽·统考中考真题)—I have ________ but praise for the police because they often help people out of trouble.
—Yes, they’re well worth praising.
A.everything B.nothing C.anything D.something
34.(2022·江苏连云港·统考中考真题)Our English teacher, Miss Li, is kind and patient. We all like ________.
A.she B.her C.hers D.herself
35.(2022·四川达州·统考中考真题)—Sandy, could you fold the clothes for me
—Why ________ I am not available. You can ask David to do ________ instead.
A.him; them B.me; it C.I; it D.me; them
36.(2022·四川泸州·统考中考真题)Hurry up, Su Mei! The graduation ceremony begins in a second. We have ________ time left.
A.few B.a few C.little D.a little
37.(2022·重庆·统考中考真题)We must clean up ________ classroom before going home.
A.we B.us C.our D.ours
38.(2022·重庆·统考中考真题)Believe in ________ and you can make it.
A.myself B.yourself C.himself D.herself
39.(2022·四川遂宁·统考中考真题)—I’d like to order something to drink. What would you like, coffee or cola
—________. Milk is OK.
A.Both B.Neither C.All D.Either
40.(2022·四川自贡·统考中考真题)—What can we learn from Robinson Crusoe
—We should depend on ________.
A.us B.our C.ourselves
完形填空
(2022·贵州黔西·统考中考真题)
Wang Yaping was born in 1980. Her parents are farmers. In 1997, she became a university student. After she went to work, she ____41____ a pilot. Later, she met her husband, Zhao Peng. Wang Yaping is excellent and beautiful ____42____ Zhao Peng is handsome and responsible(有责任心的).
In September 2003, they were allowed to get married. Although they were in the same unit, they lived hundreds of kilometers ____43____. They spent no more than 30 days together in a year. Wang and Zhao agreed that every day, whoever was the first to complete the task, would send ____44____ a message to report peace. Sometimes, when they met in the sky while ____45____ on tasks, they would greet each other with a sign to express their care and missing. This is the love of a ___46___.
During the third year of marriage, Wang Yaping and Zhao Peng thought to have a child, but the astronaut selection(宇航员选拔) was carried on. Wang Yaping, with excellent flying technology and super psychological quality (心理素质), was ____47____ chosen. This meant they had to ____48____ their plans to have children at that time. Zhao Peng supported his wife to realize their dreams, the national flying program.
Zhao Peng takes care of everything. He is quite gentle. He has never made Wang Yaping angry. As a pilot, he knows ____49____ than anyone else. When she flies in the sky, she needs nothing else.
Wang Yaping, as the first female(女) astronaut of Shenzhou X spacecraft(飞船), together with Nie Haisheng and Zhang Xiaoguang, ____50____ a strong team. They flew into space in 2013.
41.A.had B.made C.got D.became
42.A.after B.before C.while D.when
43.A.away B.of C.from D.between
44.A.another B.the other C.others D.the others
45.A.ordering B.having C.going D.carrying
46.A.pilot B.driver C.husband D.wife
47.A.carefully B.hopefully C.hardly D.successfully
48.A.give away B.give up C.give off D.give out
49.A.less B.best C.more D.most
50.A.formed B.had C.did D.found
阅读理解
A
(2022·山东东营·统考中考真题)Do you know you have more than 600 muscles (肌肉) in your body These muscles have different jobs. Keeping your muscles healthy will help you be able to walk, run, jump and do all the things you love to do.
What kind of muscles do you have
When you think about your muscles, you probably think about the ones you can control. These are your voluntary (随意的) muscles. They are connected to your bones (骨骼) and work together with your bones to help you walk, run, pick up things or ride a bicycle. The muscles of your mouth and throat even help you talk! But there are also muscles you can’t control. They are your involuntary (不随意的) muscles, such as your heart muscle and smooth muscles.
Why are healthy muscles important
Healthy muscles let you move freely and keep your body strong. They also help to keep your joints (关节) in good shape. If the muscles around your knee, for example, get weak, you will more probably injure (伤害) that knee. Healthy muscles also help you keep your balance, so you less probably fall.
How do you keep your muscles healthy
·Get at least 60 minutes of physical exercise every day. There are lots of activities you can do for your muscles. Walking, jumping, dancing and swimming are all good ways.
·Eat healthily. It will help manage your weight and provide different kinds of nutrients (营养素) for your muscles and health. For example, if you don’t get enough iron, you may feel weak and tired, because your muscles don’t get enough oxygen (氧气).
·Prevent injuries. There are many ways to help prevent muscle injuries. For example, doing warm-up exercises before exercising may make the muscles warmer. Don’t try to “play through the pain.” If something starts to hurt, STOP exercising or playing. When you lift something heavy, keep your back straight and bend (弯曲) your knees to lift it. This will protect the muscles in your back. Remember to drink lots of water while exercising, especially in warm weather. If your body’s water level gets too low, you could get dizzy (晕眩的) or even pass out.
51.Which of the following muscles are involuntary muscles
A.Leg muscles. B.Mouth muscles. C.Throat muscles. D.Smooth muscles.
52.If the muscles around your knee are weak, you could _________.
A.pass out B.get dizzy C.injure the joint there D.feel weak and tired
53.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A.If your legs start to hurt, keep on exercising.
B.Eating healthily can only manage your weight.
C.Walking can give your muscles good exercise.
D.Lifting heavy things can’t injure your back muscles.
54.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in this passage
A.Different kinds of muscles. B.The way to treat injured muscles.
C.The way to have healthy muscles. D.The importance of healthy muscles.
55.We may find this passage _________.
A.in a health magazine B.on a music website
C.in a travel newspaper D.in a geography book
B
(2016·四川眉山·统考中考真题)Teenager Jake Denham was skiing (滑雪) with his family in the USA when he fell over and lost one of his skis. His family didn’t know that he had a problem. They kept on skiing. When they got to the foot of the mountain, there was no sign of Jake.
Jake couldn’t find his ski anywhere. In the end, he decided to take off his other ski and walk down the mountain. But he couldn’t work out the right way to go.
It was now getting dark and he was a long way from any place of safety. He knew that he might die that night in the cold temperatures. But Jake kept calm (镇定的). At home, Jake watched a lot of TV programs about living in difficult situations. He remembered the advice from these programs and knew that he should build a hole in the snow. He made a hole and pointed it up the hill so the wind couldn’t blow into it. Outside his hole the temperature fell to a dangerous—15 °C that night, but inside it Jake was safe from the cold.
But he had to get down the mountain. The TV programs always said, If you are lost, you should find someone else’s tracks (轨迹) through the snow and follow them. “I wanted to live my life,” remembers Jake.
“So I got up and I found some ski tracks and I followed those.” He walked and walked and finally he saw lights.
Nine hours after he lost his ski, he found a team of workers who came to save him. He was safe!
His mum was very happy when she heard the news. Amazingly, Jake didn’t even have to go to hospital. He got through the terrible experience without any injuries.
So, the next time someone says that watching TV is a waste of time, think of Jake. Sometimes TV can save your life!
56.Jake’s parents didn’t know that he was missing until ________.
A.they reached the foot of the mountain B.they began to ski down the mountain
C.a team of workers found Jake D.Jake lost one of his skis
57.What was the most important decision Jake made for his safety
A.To go skiing with his family in the USA.
B.To search for the ski that he had lost in the snow.
C.To take off his other ski and walk down the mountain.
D.To build a hole in the snow to keep himself warm.
58.How did Jake get down the mountain the next morning
A.He followed his parents. B.He followed the workers.
C.He followed some ski tracks. D.He followed some lights.
59.What was the correct order in which these events happened
a. Jake made a hole in the snow. b. Jake lost one of his skis.
c. Jake finally saw lights. d. Jake skied with his family.
A.d-b-a-c B.a-b-c-d C.b-a-d-c D.c-b-a-d
60.Facing the difficulties, Jake Denham was ________.
A.polite and hardworking B.calm and clever
C.outgoing and helpful D.warm and friendly
短文填空
(2022·上海·统考中考真题)在短文的空格内填入适当的词,使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词,首字母已给出。
Which would you rather spend your money on, an outing with friends or a pair of expensive shoes It is my opinion that spending money on experiences brings greater happiness.
My first r___61___ is that experiences make us different as we grow. We are not the result of the things we’ve bought. Instead, we are the result of everything we’ve seen and done. For example, getting expensive clothes didn’t c___62___ me as a person, but the camping trip last summer certainly did. It made me more independent.
In addition, I p___63___ experiences because they bring people together. Sharing a new experience develops stronger relationships and creates long-lasting memories. Three years ago I met some teenagers on a study trip and now I am s___64___ in touch with them, but I hardly remember what I bought during the trip.
My final point is that, although some people say it is a great j___65___ to own things, I think using the things you own is more pleasant. For example, I spend most of my spare money on new parts for my old mountain bike, but I love the experience of c___66___, not owning bike parts!
To sum up, experiences make us who we are and develop stronger relationships. So next time before you pay for something, give it some s___67___ thought. Ask yourself, “Which will I spend my money on, an outing or a pair of shoes ”
参考答案:
1.B
【详解】句意:大明现在正忙着为他的露营旅行列一张清单。
考查代词辨析。he他,主格代词;his他的,形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词;him他,宾格代词;himself他自己,反身代词。空后“camping trip”是名词性短语,需用形容词性物主代词修饰。故选B。
2.C
【详解】句意:有了灯,人们可以在晚上做跟白天一样多的事情。
考查代词辨析。few没有多少,修饰可数名词;little没有多少,修饰不可数名词;many许多,修饰可数名词;much许多,修饰不可数名词。things是可数名词,排除B和D选项。根据“With lights, people can do as… things in the evenings as they can in the daytime”可知,电灯让人们生活更加便利,所以是让人们晚上也可以做许多事情,故选C。
3.D
【详解】句意:——你知道中国文学的四大经典小说吗?——是的,我从《西游记》中学到了一些有趣的东西。
考查代词辨析。anything一些事,常用于疑问句和否定句中;something一些事,常用于肯定句中。第一个句子为疑问句,用anything,排除BC;第二个句子是肯定句,用something,排除A。故选D。
4.C
【详解】句意:——这是谁的自行车?不要把它放在这里。——哦,这不是我的。这是她的。
考查代词辨析。her她,她的;she她;hers她的,名词性物主代词。空处是表示“她的自行车”,空后没有名词,应用名词性物主代词,hers=her bike,故选C。
5.D
【详解】句意:——爸爸,我担心明天的数学考试我考不好。——不要担心。相信自己。
考查代词。you你;your你的,形容词性物主代词;yours你的,名词性物主代词;yourself你自己;结合语境可知,此处指的是“要相信自己”,应用反身代词,故选D。
6.C
【详解】句意:这两个男孩喜欢读书。他们正在谈论他们最喜欢的作家。
考查代词辨析。they他们,人称代词主格;them他们,人称代词宾格;their他们的,形容词性物主代词;theirs他们的,名词性物主代词。根据“They are talking about…favorite writers.”可知,此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰favorite writers。故选C。
7.C
【详解】句意:——露西,这是你的字典吗?——不,它不是。我的在我的包里。
考查代词。your“你的、你们的”,形容词性物主代词;my“我的”,形容词性物主代词;yours“你的、你们的”,名词性物主代词;mine“我的”,名词性物主代词;hers“她的”,名词性物主代词。根据句子结构及逻辑关系可知,第一个空要用your,作定语,修饰名词dictionary;第二个空要用mine,作主语。故选C。
8.D
【详解】句意:学习是一生的旅程,因为它每天都给我们带来新的东西。
考查不定代词辨析。everything每件事,指所有事物;nothing没有什么,表完全否定;anything任何东西,用于否定句和疑问句代替something;something某物,表不确定,用于肯定句和希望得到肯定回答的疑问句。本句是肯定句,结合“Learning is a life-long journey, for it brings us...new every day.”可知,something new“一些新东西”符合语境,故选D。
9.B
【详解】句意:——我需要一些学校用品。——我也是。我们去购物吧。
考查代词辨析。no没有;some一些,多用于肯定句;any任何,用于疑问句或否定句。根据“Let’s go shopping”可知,需要一些学校用品,所以要去购物,故选B。
10.C
【详解】句意:——我认为18岁的苏翊鸣在男子单板滑雪大跳台的表现最好。——是的,我同意。没有其他人能做得更好。
考查复合不定代词。everybody每人;anybody任何人;nobody没有人。根据“I think the 18-year-old Su Yiming performs best in Snowboard Men’s Big Air.”可知我认为18岁的苏翊鸣在男子单板滑雪大跳台的表现最好。再根据“I agree”可知我也认为没有其他人比他做得更好。故选C。
11.D
【详解】句意:妈妈鼓励她的小儿子学会照顾自己。
考查反身代词。hers她的,名词性物主代词;herself她自己,反身代词;his他的,形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词;himself他自己,反身代词。look after oneself “照顾自己”,这里是妈妈鼓励她的小儿子学会照顾自己,因此应用反身代词himself。故选D。
12.B
【详解】句意:我一直相信,只要我们下定决心去做,没有什么事是困难的。
考查代词辨析。something某事,通常用于肯定句中;anything任何事,通常用于否定句或疑问句中;everything每一件事;nothing没有什么事,表否定含义。结合语境可知,如果我们下定决心要做一件事,就没什么事情是困难的。原句已经有否定词isn’t了,就不可以再用其它的否定词了,所以排除选项D;此时否定句应该用anything,故选B。
13.C
【详解】句意:——快点,否则我们就错过校车了。——不要担心。我们还有时间。
考查代词辨析。few没有多少,修饰可数名词;little没有多少,修饰不可数名词;a little一点,修饰不可数名词。time是不可数名词,排除A选项。根据“Don’t worry”可知,还有时间,所以告诉对方别担心,此空应填表示肯定意义的代词,故选C。
14.D
【详解】句意:——这是你的冰墩墩吗?——不是。我的(冰墩墩)在沙发上。
考查代词辨析。 Hers她的;His他的;Yours你的;Mine我的。根据“Is this your Bing Dwen Dwen (冰墩墩) ”可知,此处应说“我的冰墩墩在沙发上”,故选D。
15.A
【详解】句意:——那个穿红色短裙的女孩是你的妹妹吗?——是啊。她最喜欢的颜色是红色。
考查形容词性物主代词。Her她的,人称代词宾格或形容词性物主代词;She她,人称代词主格;His他的,形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词;He他,人称代词主格。根据空后有名词,说明此处应用形容词性物主代词,由“your sister”可知形容词性物主代词应用her。故选A。
16.A
【详解】句意:让我们的国家变得更好、更强大是我们的责任。
考查it作形式主语。固定句型it’s+形容词/名词 (for sb.) to do sth.“做……对某人来说……”。“duty”是名词,“to make our country better and stronger.”是真正的主语,it的句中作形式主语。故选A。
17.C
【详解】句意:互联网使我们的生活更容易,但它有时给我们学生带来麻烦。
考查代词辨析。we我们,人称代词主格;us我们,人称代词宾格;our我们的,形容词性物主代词;ours我们的,名词性物主代词。第一空修饰名词lives,要填形容词性物主代词our。第二空位于介词to后,要填人称代词宾格us,故选C。
18.D
【详解】句意:学生们应该学习一些生活技能来照顾好自己。
考查代词辨析。herself她自己;himself他自己;yourselves你们自己;themselves他们自己。根据“Students should learn some living skills to take good care of...”可知,此处是指照顾好他们自己,用反身代词“themselves”与主语“Students”保持一致。故选D。
19.C
【详解】句意:玛丽有一个哥哥,他的名字叫鲍勃。
考查代词辨析。her她的;its它的;his他的。根据“Mary has a brother”可知,这个哥哥的名字叫鲍勃,是男性,故选C。
20.A
【详解】句意:李老师是我们的物理老师。 她还教我们体育。
考查代词辨析。us我们,人称代词宾格;we我们,人称代词主格;our我们的,形容词性物主代词。此空位于动词teach后,要用人称代词作宾格,故选A。
21.A
【详解】句意:——这个星期天我们怎么去图书馆,骑自行车还是步行?——都行。你决定。
考查代词辨析。 Either二者之一;Neither两者都不;Both两者都。根据“It’s up to you.”可知,后者认为两者都可以,任选其一,故选A。
22.D
【详解】句意:当我22岁的时候,我开始教他们英语。
考查代词辨析。they他们;their他们的;theirs他们的,名词性物主代词;them他们。固定短语teach sb sth“教授某人某事”,空处位于动词后,应用代词宾格,故选D。
23.B
【详解】句意:——我的喉咙怎么了,医生?——没什么严重的。多喝一些热水就可以了。
考查不定代词用法。Something serious严重的事;Nothing serious没什么严重的。不定代词与形容词连用时形容词放在不定代词的后面。故排除C和D项;根据“Drinking more hot water is OK.”可知此处指没什么事。故选B。
24.A
【详解】句意:桌子上有两个苹果。 一个是红色的,另一个是绿色的。
考查代词辨析。the other指两者中的另一个,常用于“One...the other...”结构;another泛指另外一个,后跟可数名词单数;others复数,相当于other+名词复数,代指其他的人或物;the others= the other+名词复数。根据“One is red...”可知,此处符合“one...the other...”结构,意为“一个……另一个……”。故选A。
25.A
【详解】句意:——咖啡还是茶,弗兰克?——请给我咖啡。要想放松,没有什么比一杯咖啡更好的了。
考查复合不定代词辨析。nothing没有;anything任何东西;something某些东西;everything一切东西。根据“is better than a cup of coffee”可知,没有比一杯咖啡更好的了,形容词比较级+否定词表达最高级的含义;故选A。
26.A
【详解】句意:——我听说你昨天丢了你的包。——是的。幸运的是,我后来拿到了。而且没有什么损失。
考查复合不定代词辨析。nothing没有什么;anything任何事;something某事。根据“Luckily, I got it later. And...was lost in it.”可知,包找回来了,并且没有损失,所以是幸运的。故选A。
27.A
【详解】句意:——你从不在困难的情况下放弃。——我相信对一颗充满希望的心来说,没有什么是不可能的。
考查不定代词辨析。nothing没有什么;anything任何事物;everything每件事物;something某事物。根据“… is impossible to a hopeful heart.”可知,此处指在困难的情况下,对于充满希望的心来说,没有什么是不可能的。故选A。
28.B
【详解】句意:即使我们九年级,对我们来说早睡和早起也是很有必要的。
考查代词。we我们,人称代词主格;us我们,人称代词宾格;our我们的。句子是“it’s+形容词+for sb. to do”的结构,表达“对某人来说做某事是……的”。介词“for”后用代词的宾格“us”。故选B。
29.D
【详解】句意:这些是我的堂兄弟姐妹。 他们都是大学生。
考查代词辨析。we我们;you你们;I我;they他们。此空指代前文的“cousins”,此空应填人称代词they,故选D。
30.C
【详解】句意:——这是谁的相机?它是你的吗?——不,它不是我的。它是他的。
考查代词辨析。you你;him他;yours你的,名词性物主代词;his他的,形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词。根据“Whose camera is this Is it...”可知此处询问是你的(相机)吗,空格后没有名词,用名词性物主代词,排除AD;根据“It’s...”可知是他的(相机),后无名词,用名词性物主代词。故选C。
31.A
【详解】句意:我建议你不要在微信上显示任何私人的东西,因为这可能会引起麻烦。
考查形容词的位置以及复合不定代词的用法。something某事,常用于肯定句;anything任何事,常用于否定句和疑问句。此句是否定句,所以应用anything。形容词修饰复合不定代词时,应放在其后,故选A。
32.D
【详解】句意:——你姐姐最喜欢的颜色是什么?——她最喜欢的颜色是紫色,这是 2022 年的年度颜色。
考查代词辨析。my我的;your你的;his他的;her她的。根据“What is your sister’s favorite color”可知是说姐姐的颜色,用代词her。故选D。
33.B
【详解】句意:——我对警察只有赞扬,因为他们经常帮助人们摆脱困境。 ——是的,他们值得称赞。
考查复合不定代词辨析。everything每件事;nothing无事;anything任何事;something某事。根据“I have...but praise for the police because they often help people out of trouble.”可知,对警察只有赞扬,没有其他,故选B。
34.B
【详解】句意:我们的英语老师,李老师,善良又耐心。 我们都喜欢她。
考查代词辨析。she她,人称代词主格;her她,人称代词宾格;hers她的,名词性物主代词;herself她自己,反身代词。此空位于动词like后,表示喜欢她,应填人称代词宾格,故选B。
35.B
【详解】句意:——桑迪,你能帮我叠衣服吗?——为什么是我?我现在没空。你可以让大卫做这件事。
考查代词辨析。him他;me我;I我;them它们;it它。根据“Sandy, could you fold the clothes for me ”和“Why... ”可知,第一处表示“为什么是我”,用宾格me,排除AC。第二处指叠衣服这件事,用it代替。故选B。
36.C
【详解】句意:快点,苏梅!毕业典礼马上就要开始了。我们剩下的时间不多了。
考查代词辨析。few几乎没有,修饰可数名词;a few一些,修饰可数名词;little几乎没有,修饰不可数名词;a little一点,修饰不可数名词。空后“time”表示“时间”,是不可数名词,排除选项A和B;根据前两句“Hurry up, Su Mei! The graduation ceremony begins in a second.”可知毕业典礼就要开始了,没有多少时间了,所以这里用little表示“否定含义”。故选C。
37.C
【详解】句意:我们必须在回家前打扫干净我们的教室。
考查代词辨析。we我们,人称代词主格;us我们,人称代词宾格;our我们的,形容词性物主代词;ours我们的,名词性物主代词。根据“classroom”可知此处表示“我们的教室”。故选C。
38.B
【详解】句意:相信自己,你就能成功。
考查代词辨析。myself我自己;yourself你自己;himself他自己;herself她自己。根据“you can make it”可知,是对“you”说的,故选B。
39.B
【详解】句意:——我想点些喝的。你想喝什么,咖啡还是可乐?——都不要。牛奶就可以。
考查代词辨析。both都,范围为两者;neither都不,范围为两者;all都,范围为三者或三者以上;either任何一个,范围为两者。根据“What would you like, coffee or cola”及“Milk is OK”可知,咖啡和可乐都不要,故选B。
40.C
【详解】句意:——我们可以从Robinson Crusoe身上学到什么?——我们应该依靠我们自己。
考查反身代词。us我们;our我们的;ourselves我们自己。当主语和宾语是同一人称时,宾语用反身代词,故选C。
41.D 42.C 43.A 44.B 45.D 46.A 47.D 48.B 49.C 50.A
【导语】本文讲述了王亚平的个人信息以及她的丈夫。
41.句意:工作后,她成了一名飞行员。had有;made制作;got得到;became成为。根据“a pilot”可知成为一名飞行员,故选D。
42.句意:王亚平是优秀的和美丽的,赵鹏是英俊的和负责有责任心的。after在……后面;before在……之前;while与……同时;when当……时候。此处是指王亚平是优秀的和美丽的,与此同时,赵鹏是英俊的和负责有责任心的,应用while,故选C。
43.句意:虽然他们在同一个单位,但他们住在几百公里之外。away远离;of属于……的;from从;between在……之间。根据“they lived hundreds of kilometers ”可知是指距离上的远,故选A。
44.句意:王和赵约定,每天谁先完成任务,谁就给对方传个信报平安。another另一个;the other两者中的另一个;others其他人;the others剩下的全部。此处是指王亚平和丈夫,是两者,应用the other,故选B。
45.句意:有时,当他们在空中执行任务时相遇,他们会用手势问候对方,表达他们的关心和思念。ordering命令;having有;going走;carrying携带。根据“on tasks”可知是执行任务,短语carry on“执行,开展”,故选D。
46.句意:这就是飞行员的爱。pilot飞行员;driver司机;husband司机;wife妻子。根据上文可知王亚平和丈夫都是飞行员,故选A。
47.句意:王亚平凭借高超的飞行技术和超强的心理素质,成功入选。carefully细心地;hopefully希望地;hardly几乎不;successfully成功地。根据“ Wang Yaping, with excellent flying technology and super psychological quality (心理素质),”可知王亚平成功入选宇航员选拔,故选D。
48.句意:这意味着他们不得不放弃他们在那个时候要孩子的计划。give away赠送;give up放弃;give off发出(光、热);give out分发。根据“During the third year of marriage, Wang Yaping and Zhao Peng thought to have a child, but the astronaut selection(宇航员选拔) was carried on.”结合王亚平被选中做宇航员可知,不能按照计划要孩子,故选B。
49.句意:作为一名飞行员,他知道的比任何人都多。less较少;best最好;more更多;most最多。根据“than ”结合“When she flies in the sky, she needs nothing else.”可知是他知道的比任何人都多,使用比较级more,故选C。
50.句意:王亚平作为神舟十号飞船的第一位女宇航员,与聂海胜、张晓光组成了一个强大的团队。formed形成;had有;did做;found找到。根据“together with Nie Haisheng and Zhang Xiaoguang...a strong team.”可知他们三人形成了一个团队,故选A。
51.D 52.C 53.C 54.B 55.A
【导语】本文介绍了肌肉的相关信息。
51.细节理解题。根据“But there are also muscles you can’t control. They are your involuntary (不随意的) muscles, such as your heart muscle and smooth muscles.”可知,有你无法控制的肌肉,它们是你的不随意肌,比如你的心脏肌肉和平滑肌,故选D。
52.细节理解题。根据“If the muscles around your knee, for example, get weak, you will more probably injure (伤害) that knee.”可知,如果你膝盖周围的肌肉变得虚弱,你就更有可能伤到膝盖,故选C。
53.推理判断题。根据“Get at least 60 minutes of physical exercise every day. There are lots of activities you can do for your muscles. Walking, jumping, dancing and swimming are all good ways.”可知,散步也可以很好地锻炼肌肉。故选C。
54.细节理解题。根据“What kind of muscles do you have”;“Why are healthy muscles important”以及“How do you keep your muscles healthy”可知,文中没有提到治疗肌肉受伤的方法,故选B。
55.推理判断题。通读全文可知,文章介绍了肌肉的相关信息。结合选项,文章最可能出现在健康杂志上。故选A。
56.A 57.D 58.C 59.A 60.B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了一个叫杰克的青少年在和家人一起滑雪时迷路,然后通过自己知道的知识成功脱险的故事。
56.细节理解题。根据“When they got to the foot of the mountain, there was no sign of Jake.”可知当他们到达山脚下的时候,才发现没有了杰克的踪迹。故选A。
57.细节理解题。根据第三段“…he should build a hole in the snow. He made a hole and pointed it up the hill so the wind couldn’t blow into it.”可知,在雪地里挖个洞可以躲避寒冷。故选D。
58.细节理解题。根据第四段“So I got up and I found some ski tracks and I followed those.”可知,他跟随别人的足迹下山。故选C。
59.细节理解题。根据“Teenager Jake Deham was skiing with his family in the USA when he fell over and lost one of his skis.”、“Jake couldn’t find his ski anywhere.”、“He made a hole and pointed it up the hill so the wind couldn’t blow into it.”和“He walked and walked and finally he saw lights.”可知,Jake和家人一起滑雪;Jake丢了滑雪板;在雪里挖了一个洞;最后看到了灯光,跟着灯光找到了救援他的队伍。故选A。
60.推理判断题。根据第三段“But Jake kept calm.”和他按照电视里介绍的建议保护自己可知,杰克冷静聪明。故选B。
61.(r)eason 62.(c)hange 63.(p)refer 64.(s)till 65.(j)oy 66.(c)ycling 67.(s)erious
【导语】本文是一篇议论文,作者谈了自己对于人生经历的看法。
61.句意:我的第一个原因是,随着我们的成长,经历使我们变得不同。根据下文“In addition, I prefer experiences because … My final point is that …”可知,此处是在阐述作者的第一个理由,结合所给首字母“r”可拼写出名词reason,意为“理由”,符合句意,故填(r)eason。
62.句意:例如,买昂贵的衣服并没有改变我的个性,但去年夏天的露营旅行确实改变了我。根据下文“It made me more independent”提示,去年夏天的露营旅行改变了作者的个性,此处指的是“改变”,结合所给首字母“c”可拼写出动词change,空格前为助动词“didn’t”,故此处change应用动词原形。故填(c)hange。
63.句意:此外,我更喜欢经历,因为它们能把人们聚在一起。根据上文“Which would you rather spend your money on, an outing with friends or a pair of expensive shoes ”可知,作者在文章一开头就拿拥有某个物品与拥有一段经历进行对比,故此处指的是“更喜欢”,结合所给首字母“p”可拼写出动词prefer,根据语境及主语“I”可知,此处prefer应用动词原形。故填(p)refer。
64.句意:三年前,我在一次学习旅行中遇到了一些青少年,现在我仍然与他们保持联系,但我几乎不记得我在旅行中买了什么。根据下文“but I hardly remember what I bought during the trip”可知,此处存在转折关系,故上文指的是仍然与那些青少年保持着联系,结合所给首字母“s”可拼写出副词still,意为“仍然”,符合句意,故填(s)till。
65.句意:我的最后一点理由是,虽然有些人说拥有某些物品是一种极大的快乐,但我认为使用自己拥有的东西更令人愉快。根据下文“I think using the things you own is more pleasant”可知,此处指的是拥有某些物品是一种极大的快乐,结合所给首字母“j”可拼写出名词joy,空格前有“a”,故joy应用单数形式,故填(j)oy。
66.句意:例如,我把大部分余钱花在旧山地自行车的新零件上,但我喜欢的是骑车的体验,而不是拥有自行车零件!根据上文“although some people say it is a great joy to own things, I think using the things you own is more pleasant”可知,此处指的是喜欢的是骑车的体验,结合所给首字母“c”可拼写出名词cycling,意为“骑行自行车”,符合句意,故填(c)ycling。
67.句意:所以,下次你付钱之前,请认真考虑一下。根据下文“Ask yourself, ‘Which will I spend my money on, an outing or a pair of shoes ’”可知,下次你付钱之前,要认真考虑一下,结合所给首字母“s”可拼写出形容词serious,意为“认真的”,符合句意,故填(s)erious。
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