2023中考英语一轮复习 20-自然（含答案）

一、完型
Do you often use plastic straws (塑料吸管) You probably use them to drink lots of things, such as soybean milk, cola or milk tea. Plastic straws are small 1 they are a big problem. They are made in 10 minutes, used in 20 2 and normally remain on the earth for over 100 years since they are hard to be 3 .
But how do plastic straws get into the ocean Through human mistakes, they are often thrown away everywhere and all gutters (排水沟) in some areas lead to our ocean. 4 , plastic straws kill ocean life. Once a 5 was found bleeding because a 12-centimeter-long plastic straw was pushed into 6 nose. How terrible!
In fact, around 500 million plastic straws are used every day in the US alone. If we didn't act now, there would be more plastic in the ocean than fish by 2050.
Luckily, more and more people around the world have realized this problem. They begin to think about 7 plastic straws are necessary or not when drinking drinks.
So what can we do right now to reduce plastic pollution The simplest way is to say “ 8 ” to single-use plastic, like straws. For example, next time if you go to a restaurant, make sure you order your drink without a straw. There are reusable straws instead.
Coffee house chain Starbucks has started to 9 strawless cups and paper straws instead of plastic straws in almost 1, 000 stores in Shanghai and Shenzhen. And McDonald’s has 10 taken action to reduce the use of the plastic straws. It is hoped that more businesses and customers will work together to protect our environment.
1．A．and B．but C．or D．so
2．A．seconds B．hours C．minutes D．days
3．A．cut down B．written down C．put down D．broken down
4．A．For example B．Such as C．Even worse D．For one thing
5．A．turtle B．monkey C．camel D．giraffe
6．A．their B．his C．her D．its
7．A．whether B．if C．why D．what
8．A．sorry B．yes C．no D．hello
9．A．replace B．afford C．offer D．give
10．A．still B．also C．ever D．just
阅读理解
Our grandparents seem to have magic powers sometimes. Give them a Chinese lunar calendar, and they will know what the weather will be like days or even months later. What's the secret They are following the 24 Solar Terms (节气), which is an important part of Chinese culture. And on Nov. 30, 2016, the United Nations added it to the list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity(人类非物质文化遗产).In ancient times, most Chinese people made their living on farms. So, weather changes were important for them. Without satellites, the Internet or the weather broadcast's help, Chinese ancient people studied the sun's movement with a sundial(日晷仪). They also paid attention to other natural changes such as air temperature, water and crop growth. As early as the Shang Dynasty, the Chinese ancestors had already established four major solar terms. During the Zhou Dynasty, eight solar terms marking the four seasons were established. Until the Han Dynasty, the present 24 solar terms was established completely. The terms became their guide to farming work. For example, the solar term jingzhe(惊蛰) is when insects wake up from a long sleep in the cold winter. Farmers take it as a sign of warm weather and get busy working.
The 24 Solar Terms is honored as China's fifth great invention, after paper making, printing, the compass and gunpowder. Now, people still say, “Do not show your feet after hanlu(寒露). ” Why It's because the solar term hanlu marks the coming of cold days.
How did the 24 Solar Terms come into being
With the help of satellites.
B. With the help of weather broadcast.
C. By learning from people working on farms.
D. By studying the sun's movement and other natural changes.
2. The underlined word “ancestors” means ________.
A.grandparents B.emperors C.ancient people D.great inventors
3. The 24 Solar Terms can be used for ________.
A.changing weather B.learning Chinese history
C.waking up insects D.guiding people in farming work
4. We can learn from the passage that ________.
A. our grandparents have magic powers
B. Jingzhe is regarded as the start of cold winter
C. the 24 Solar Terms was established step by step
D. weather changed more often in ancient times than it does now
5. The saying in the last paragraph shows ________.
A. why hanlu marks the coming of cold days
B. how the 24 Solar Terms guides people in their daily lives
C. when the 24 Solar Terms was honored as China's fifth great invention
D. what are five great inventions of China
三、补全对话
下面是三位好朋友微信聊天的界面，请根据聊天的内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hi, Anna, Lucy. Long time no see. What will you do after the senior high school entrance exam
16．
Well, I also want to travel outside. But the COVID-19 makes me afraid to go out.
17．It can protect you from the virus.
Yes, I heard that our government is giving free vaccines (疫苗).
Our government is great. 18．.
No, the 18-to-59 age group is safe.
19．
You need to have two doses (一剂药). I have received one shot of it. So after two weeks, I can get the second one.
I will get it right now, 20．.
I’ll go with you.
A．What about you
B．I will have a trip to Beijing.
C．How is the vaccine given
D．Can everyone get the COVID-19 vaccine
E.What do you think of it
F.It sounds great.
G.You could get the COVID-19 vaccine.
四、选词填空
cut size and they lay colour guard smell large build
Ants Everywhere!
You can find ants in lots of different places. You can find them in the grass 1 dirt(灰尘)in your yard. You can find them on trees and in your home.
Ants can be different 2 . They can be black, brown, red, green, or yellow. Ants have two antennae(触须)that they use to touch and 3 .
What Do Ants Look Like
Ants are insects. 4 bodies have three parts, and they have six strong legs.Some ants have large, strong jaws (颚). They use their jaws 5 food and to fight.
Ants can be tiny or large. Some big ants are as 6 as a paper clip(夹子). Ants are very strong for their 7 .
Groups of Ants
Most ants 8 nests under or on tops of the ground. Different ants in the nest have different jobs. The queen ant 9 all the eggs. Some worker ants take care of the eggs and baby ants. Some worker ants get food. Soldier ants 10 the nest.
五.任务型阅读
It's sad to learn that a whale has died in the ocean. However，that is not the end for the whale. It gives a lot to other sea animals after death.
(A)When a whale dies, it quickly drops to the bottom of the ocean floor. There the whale's dead body provides food and nutrients(营养) for deep sea animals. The remains(残骸) can last for ten years and build an ecosystem called a whale fall(鲸落)—an “oasis(绿洲)” of life in the deep sea.
（B）中国科学家今年第一次在中国的南海发现了一群鲸落. The whale fall ecosystem can stay in the deep ocean because of great pressure and cold temperature there. They can stop the body from decomposing(分解) too quickly. The depth(深度) makes it hard for scientists to find the whale fall. There are less than 50 known whale falls in the world.
The whale fall in the South China Sea is about three meters long. Scientists have found several species(物种) near the whale fall. Some fish have started to eat the whale's tail. A scientist named Xie Wei says the whale fall might be quite recent and needs long term observation(观察)．By studying the whale fall, scientists can better understand how sea ecosystems support life.
The whale's dead body provides and for deep sea animals.
将A句翻译成汉语。
。
将B处翻译成英语。
.
Why can the whale fall ecosystem stay in the deep ocean
.
It is easy for scientists to find the whale fall. ( ) T or F
六、完成句子
1. 在扔掉废物前进行分类是必要的。
It's necessary to divide the waste into different kinds before we ______ it ______.
2. 中国母亲河长江，是世界第三长河。
The Yangtze River, the mother river of China, is the _____ _____ river in the world.
3. 作为一名探险者，林涛习惯于冒险。
As an explorer, Lin Tao is used to _____ ______.
4. 由于人们大量砍伐树木，大象正在失去他们的家园。
Elephants are losing their homes because people too many trees.
5. 戴安娜总是在旅行前关注天气。
Diana always the weather before travelling.
七、首字母填空
There are always many mysteries in the world along with the changes of the times.
1.F_____ example, the Great Wall of China and Stonehenge（巨石阵）in England. There are some mysteries that are still 2.w_______ to be explained till now.
　　A mysterious river, which used to be 3.c as just a legend（传说), was really discovered in the deep jungles（灌木丛） of Amazonia. The legend has come to life！
When Andrés Ruzo was just a small boy in Peru. He lived with his grandfather. His grandfather once 4.t_______him a story. Some soldiers went to the Amazon to search for gold. 5. W_________ the soldiers came back, they told some terrible stories about harmful water. One of 6. t_________ is a boiling river as if a fire burnt below it. Ruzo is interested in his grandfather’s story.
　　In 2011, Ruzo, now an earth scientist, decided to discover if the boiling river was real. Ruzo found the amazing river luckily in the 7. e . The magic river, called Boiling River, is about 25 meters 8. w_________ and 6 meters deep. The water was so hot that local people made tea with it.
　　The 9. l______ people have known about the natural wonder for centuries， They call it“Shanay-timpishka”. Its meaning is “boiled with the heat of the sun”.
　　However, why the water is hot is still 10. _______ mystery to scientists. Let’s study harder and harder to develop all kinds of abilities to solve those legendary e on！
八、书面表达
假如你是一名动物爱好者。请根据下列提示信息写一篇短文介绍中国国宝大熊猫。
提示:
1.短文应包括图表中的全部信息，条理清楚，行文连贯，段落分明;
2.短文中不能出现真实的人名和地名;
3.词数不少于80，开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
冰墩墩Bing Dwen Dwen
吉祥物mascot
答案
一、完形填空
1.B 2C 3.D 4.C 5.A 6.D 7.A 8.C 9.C 10.B
二、阅读理解
1.D 2.C 3.D 4.C 5.B
三、补全对话
16-20．BGDCA
四、选词填空
and 2.colours 3.smell 4. Their 5. to cut
large 7. size 8. build 9. lays 10. guard
任务型阅读
1． food and nutrients
2．当鲸死亡时，它会迅速沉入海底。
3．Chinese scientists found a whale fall for the first time in the South China Sea this year。
4．Because of great pressure and cold temperature there.
5. F
六、完成句子
throw away 2. third longest 3.take risks
cut down 5.pay attention to
七、首字母填空
1.For 2. waiting 3. considered 4.told 5. When
6. them 7.end 8.wide 9. local 10.a