2023年北京中考英语二轮复习专项练习—阅读理解5（含解析）

2023年北京英语中考专项—阅读理解5
一、阅读理解题
What is the future of AI (人工智能) Will it be a good thing We asked four students what they think.
Tina I believe AI will be more useful in our future lives. It's now used in many fields, like phones and medicine. No one really knows what will happen if machines become smarter than humans. However, I'm sure AI will help us solve many problems.
Bill I am worried that people create something that can be better than themselves. In the near future, AI will develop at a high speed. Humans may be replaced because AI robots will do lots of human jobs.
Mary I really think that AI will change the way we work, the way we live, and the way we think. Imagine if we could put a CPU inside our brain! Soon we'll be able to improve our maths and memory. How exciting!
John Think of what's happening right now: Some robots are used to kill animals under human orders. So I think AI will be very dangerous for humans. We need to be careful about what we ask machines to do.
(1) Who believes AI will help us solve many problems
A．Tina. B．Bill. C．Mary. D．John.
(2) Bill thinks humans will be replaced because _____.
A．we can't improve our memory
B．AI robots will do human jobs
C．we can put a CPU in our brain
D．AI can help in the medical field
(3) What does John think of AI in the future
A．Exciting. B．Strange. C．Helpful. D．Dangerous.
Roller Coaster Ride
roller coaster
I had never been on a real roller coaster. Fear of speed, fear of heights: They just weren't for me. The closest I had ever got was a kiddie-coaster when I was six. It was probably six feet tall, but I had it stopped even before we got up to the first slope.
So today I just waited for my friends while they took the 53 mph roller-coaster-riding. As they stepped off the ride, they all tried to persuade (说服) me to follow them onto the next one.
"Come on, Lisi!" Jennifer said, "You're so boring! Just come with us!"
"It's not that scary," added Jackie, "I'll sit next to you."
"Look: This is the slowest ride in the park!" Christina pointed out.
Finally, I gave in and agreed to get on the roller coaster, although I still wasn't sure. Of course everyone had come out alive so far, but you never know what will happen.
As we stood in line, I got more scared. "It looks really big from down here," I worried out loud. Finally, we reached the front of the line. I sat in a seat with Jackie and said that I would not let go of her hand until we were safely off the ride.
As soon as we started moving, I began to scream and held Jackie's hand tightly. We started to climb the slope toward the highest point of the ride.
WHOOOOSH!
It felt as if something had broken. We started falling fast. The wind blew hard and it seemed like my face would blow off. I screamed so loud that I couldn't hear myself anymore. Oh my gosh, we weren't going to stop! I knew it. This had been a terrible idea. I closed my eyes, never stopping my scream.
CLUNK!
The ride came suddenly to a stop. I opened my eyes. We were back where we started! I hadn't died! I stepped off the ride, tired and dizzy. My friends looked at me, searching for my reaction.
"Can we do that again " I said in a low voice.
(1) What happened when Lisi was on a kiddie-coaster at six
A．She fell off the ride. B．She refused to step off.
C．She had it stopped. D．She screamed with joy.
(2) Lisi finally decided to ride the roller coaster because _____.
A．her friends persuaded her B．she loved trying new things
C．her friends enjoyed the ride D．she disliked waiting for friends
(3) What did the writer think of the roller coaster ride in the end
A．It was boring and tiring. B．It was challenging but fun.
C．It was scary and dangerous. D．It was safe but disappointing.
阅读理解
Everyone has traits (特性) that make us who we are. We have physical traits, like red hair, long legs, and funny-looking toes. We also have character traits including humor, warmth, creativity and so on.
Certain physical traits are fully inherited (遗传), such as blue eyes and knobby knees. About 25,000 to 35,000 genes (基因) are in a single cell in the human body. These genes carry the traits that are passed down genetically from parents to their children.
Many traits exist between inheritance and development — the interaction with environment. One example is body shape. It tends to be passed down from parents. But once diet becomes a factor, environment begins to play an important role in how the body develops. Body shape is a trait that is a mixture of inheritance from parents and influence of environment.
So lots of our most important traits have been learned, rather than inherited. For example, if you're really great at video games, it's not because your parents passed down the skills in genes. It's because you have practiced a lot of video games and developed those skills yourself. If you have kids who turn out to be great at video games, it is because they put in the hours, learned the skills, and memorized the moves that are necessary to play the video games well.
Of course, some of us have brains that are more advantageous to video game playing. Say you were born with a large and powerful part of the brain that controls your hand-eye coordination (协调能力). That's inherited. What you do with it, how you choose to develop that advantage, is up to you.
You can pierce your nose or get a tattoo—it doesn't matter how much you change your body during the lifetime. None of those things will turn into genetic material to be passed down to the next generation. However, if your children grow up in an environment with role models who are pierced and covered in tattoos, they are more likely to get piercings and tattoos!
(1) ______ is a physical trait that is fully inherited.
A．The eye color B．The special diet
C．The body shape D．The pierced nose
(2) According to the passage, the writer believes that ______.
A．character traits can hardly change during the lifetime
B．the skills of video game playing are passed down to kids
C．a kid's hand-eye coordination isn't related to inheritance
D．environment plays an important role in traits development
(3) Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A．Why are Traits Important
B．How does Inheritance Influence Traits
C．Where do Traits Come from
D．What are Physical and Character Traits
Motivated (有内驱力的) or Overachieving
Everyone has the occasional classmate who hands in his work ahead of time with really beautiful handwriting. Some teachers may cheerfully get the homework by saying "Of course you did it early. I'm sure you've done a good job!" Some teachers may feel annoyed because "The deadline is not until next Friday." Behind this student's back are tons of whispers from his classmates, "Ugh, he is such an overachiever and it's so annoying…"
If you ask the same student to explain his behavior, he probably says that he is simply "motivated". Such students refuse to call themselves overachievers but prefer "motivated" instead. They want to shy away from the unpleasant term "overachiever" but choose to embrace the word "motivated".
Why is the term "overachiever" used as an insult (侮辱) Do we not all work hard to achieve our goals Why does the "motivated" student not proudly call himself an "overachiever"
In my personal experience, being called an overachiever in front of my classmates is not pleasant at all. The word is often connected with an unkind smile or sometimes a hint of jealousy (嫉妒). "Overachiever" carries the implied (暗指的) sense which "over" lends it—you have done too much and you have gone too far. Anyway, it is beyond the proper degree and just annoying to those students who refuse to put in the effort themselves and get unhappy with you for doing so.
A student would rather think of himself as an excellent student and it is motivation that drives him to do his best. What is the implied meaning of "motivated" Connected with positive words like willpower, spirit and determination, the "motivated" student would appear to be competing in an event of the brain Olympics.
Although there are differences in their implications, the student who calls himself "motivated" could actually be a secret overachiever, going over the top for all his work; while the "overachiever" is nothing more than a motivated student, driven by the simple desire to do well and willing to put in time and effort. In fact, the choice lies within the student: to overachieve or not to overachieve; to find the motivation to do well and be driven by it, or to sit back and blame others for overachieving to hide his inability to achieve.
(1) According to the passage, overachievers _____.
A．are popular with their classmates
B．hand in homework ahead of time
C．are much loved by their teachers
D．look down on others for being slow
(2) The word "embrace" in Paragraph 2 probably means "_____".
A．understand B．explain C．doubt D．accept
(3) What can we learn from the passage
A．Teachers expect students to benefit from their extra work.
B．Students compete with each other to become overachievers.
C．Classmates may laugh at overachievers to hide their inability to achieve.
D．The writer has some pleasant experiences of being called an overachiever.
(4) The writer probably agrees that _____.
A．students shouldn't be encouraged to be overachievers
B．students without motivation will become overachievers
C．motivated students make better progress than overachievers
D．motivated students have something in common with overachievers
Summer vacation is coming. Attending a summer program is a good way to improve skills and make new friends. TeenLife has researched and collected the best summer activities for you. For more information, please log in www. .
Snow Farm Summer
At Snow Farm Summer, you are not a student you are an artist! It offers small-group studios (工作室) led by professional artists! The studios include glass, clay, metal, drawing/ painting and printmaking. They are for 8th-12th graders from July 15 to July 20, 2018.
The Ithaca Summer Music Academy (ISMA)
ISMA provides a creative and supportive environment for young adults to grow into musicians. Our program offers rich music courses which are taught by Ithaca College teachers and top music educators from across the country.
Our program is open to grades 7—9. It is from July 8 to July 21, 2018.
National Teen Leadership Program (NTLP)
Our leadership program includes leadership exercises and speech training. It will improve teens "leadership skills."
Our program is open to students in grades 9—12. Our camps this year will be held at Chapman University, July 10—12 and at Sacramento State University, July 31 August 2.
Engineering Experience
Have you ever wanted to build a bridge Program a robot Join us for a hands-on. weeklong introduction to the world of engineering at Episcopal High School. Students will use their design skills and the scientific method to solve real engineering problems.
It is open to 7th—9th graders and starts on July 10, 2018.
(1) If a 10th grader wants to improve painting skills, he/ she can join _____.
A．Snow Farm Summer
B．National Teen Leadership Program
C．Engineering Experience
D．The Ithaca Summer Music Academy
(2) What can students do in NTLP
A．Take part in art studios. B．Take some music courses.
C．Receive speech training. D．Learn to design a bridge.
(3) If a student wants to learn how to program a robot, he/ she will take the course at _____.
A．Ithaca College B．Episcopal High School
C．Chapman University D．Sacramento State University
I walked home with my friend Jerry after school. He waved (挥手) goodbye and headed off to his house. When I was walking alone. I suddenly noticed a boy in front of me. He was carrying some of the same school books as mine.
He seemed to be singing a song in a very low voice, but I couldn't understand the words. I caught up to him, and said "Hello there". He was surprised, and dropped one of his books. I picked it up and handed it to him. He said "Thank you" in a strange way, like with a strong accent (口音).
"Your science book is just like mine."
"Oh, yes it is," he said.
We soon began walking together and chatting. It turned out he was in my science class, and I didn't even know it! His name was Ahmad, and and his family had just moved here this school year. Ahmad was a hard name to pronounce correctly, but just about the time we reached his house, I could say it quite easily.
He invited me into his house, and it seemed like a much better choice than to head right home to start my homework. His family treated me like a special guest. He said in his culture, strangers were always treated very kindly. His mom brought out some great snacks, and offered me some tea. Ahmad's father and two sisters wanted to hear all about me, my family, and my schooling.
But their story opened up a whole new world for me! Ahmad's family had to leave their lifelong home because of the war. They left with only what they could carry. His family was happy to feel safe here, and they seemed pleased that Ahmad brought a friend home.
My friendship with Ahmad has continued. I realize that your friends don't have to be just like you. There is an old saying—"Variety Is the Spice (调味品) of Life".
(1) Where did the writer meet Ahmad
A．In his science class. B．At the school gate.
C．On his way home. D．At Jerry's home.
(2) What can we know about Ahmad's family
A．They moved here many years ago.
B．Their names were difficult to pronounce.
C．They welcomed Ahmad's friend warmly.
D．They left their hometown without anything.
(3) What does the writer learn from his friendship with Ahmad
A．Friends are important in our lives.
B．We should be kind to a friend's family.
C．Classmates can easily become good friends.
D．People with different backgrounds can be friends.
It was a February afternoon in a Brooklyn classroom. Sixteen-year-old Taylor Engler came face to face with a cow. But it was all in her head. She was transported by a virtual (虚拟的) reality (现实) headset—it took Taylor and her classmates to a farm 250 miles away. For students, the technology means field trips are no longer limited by the length of a bus ride. "I was not expecting it to be right in my face!" That's what Taylor said after taking off the headset and finding herself back in the classroom.
On any school day, students can take virtual reality "trips". They are deep-sea diving. They are observing medical operations. They are visiting the Science Museum in London. Teachers say it's another way to involve the iPhone generation (一代人) into classroom learning and it can help with their understanding and improve their grades. Calm Jones, a science teacher, has walked students through the northern forest with a Google app called Expeditions. "It can be done in a period or two with the help of the new technology," he said. "But it could take even a week sometimes to take a real expedition." "It's different from watching videos. You can actually move," Taylor said during the lesson on farm animals. "Not only move, but also feel," said Richard Lamb. He studies how brains deal with information. "Your physiological responses (生理反应) in virtual reality are similar to what you get in doing the actual activity." Lamb said. "Heart rate, breathing…everything."
It is unknown how many classrooms will use the technology. But experts say it's still rare. Each headset can cost as little as $20 or $30, but systems and software for classes run into thousands of dollars. And good software is in great need. Another problem we face is how to make sure the VR technology mimics (模仿) the real world closely. "But we have to say VR technology provides students with a huge learning opportunity," said David Evans, director of the National Science Teachers Association.
John Miller, a chemistry teacher, agreed. "Too often in schools, students did something wrong in their chemistry experiments. But we don't have enough materials for them to redo the experiments. In virtual reality, all they do is hitreset on the computer. We don't have to actually use chemicals. Both Miller and Evans stressed the technology could enrich—not replace-real-world experiences. "We have to remain anchored (立足) in the real world," Evans warned, "because that's the one that we really need to study and explain."
(1) On a February afternoon, Taylor _____.
A．travelled to a farm on a bus
B．watched a video about a cow
C．had a virtual reality lesson in the classroom
D．played computer games with her classmates
(2) What can we learn from the passage
A．VR technology is widely used in schools.
B．Teachers think VR technology helpful for students.
C．Colin Jones' students prefer a real trip to the forest.
D．Students breathe faster in VR activities than in actual ones.
(3) Miller and Evans probably agree that _____.
A．people shouldn't lose interest in the real world
B．people should develop more VR systems and software
C．VR technology won't change students' way of learning
D．VR technology will reduce students' mistakes in experiments
Arkansas may give up the BMI program or weaken it with the help of the new governor, who said it had "a lot of negative, unexpected results".
The number of overweight children in the United States has more than doubled in the past 20 years. Being seriously overweight can lead to health problems later in life. As a result, Arkansas first started the BMI program in 2004—public schools were required to provide parents with a yearly report of their children's body-mass index (BMI), a number to show whether their weight is appropriate (合适的). Along with students' BMIs, parents also received information on health risks of being overweight.
A study shows that obesity (肥胖) rates in Arkansas have stopped increasing since 2004. But not everyone supports schools in reporting students' BMIs. Some parents have complained their kids worry that they are being "graded" on their weight, although Dr. Joe Thompson, who helped plan the BMI program, gave the explanation at the start of the program, "Just like a school check for vision or hearing, this is a way to raise awareness (意识) about a health risk."
Critics argue that telling parents their children weigh too much could hurt children's self-esteem (自尊). Some also question whether it's the role of schools to monitor students' weight. Dr. Nancy Krebs, a nutrition expert, also thinks obesity report cards aren't good enough. "They're making kids feel bad about how they are,'' she says. "Instead of focusing on kids' BMIs, schools should provide better health and physical education classes and serve healthier foods."
However, supporters of the program say overweight children have had self-esteem problems before their parents get obesity report cards. Dr. Karen Young at Arkansas Children's Hospital says, "The overweight kids are already being teased (被嘲弄). It doesn't take the letter for them to feel bad."
Health experts from the University of Arkansas think it would be a pity to stop the BMI program. They see the program as a wake-up call for families and the letter is spurring some major action on some parents. Danita Thomas said she knew her son Irie was too heavy. But since getting that first BMI report, Irie has lost nearly 100 pounds and given up junk food. "It was helpful," she said. "It made me realize that we needed to do something different."
The BMI reports and other steps, such as limits on vending machine (自动售货机) use at school, are leading to healthier students. If there was no BMI program, there should be other effective tools to get schools and parents involved with preventing children from becoming overweight adults.
(1) What might be the purpose of the BMI program in Arkansas
A．To make the schools realize the importance of health education.
B．To warn parents of health risks of overweight children.
C．To drive parents to learn more knowledge on health.
D．To explain why some students gain weight quickly.
(2) Dr. Nancy Krebs believes that _____.
A．overweight students are usually laughed at by classmates
B．schools should teach students how to lead a healthy life
C．overweight students usually get low grades at school
D．schools should do the job to record students' weight
(3) The words "spurring some major action on some parents" in Paragraph 6 probably mean _____.
A．keeping some parents from worries
B．encouraging some parents to make changes
C．helping some parents learn from other families
D．supporting some parents in expressing their opinions
(4) What does the passage mainly talk about
A．What schools should report to parents.
B．How schools can care about overweight students.
C．Why schools should help students control their weight.
D．Whether schools should report students' BMIs to parents.
I'm crazy about chocolate, so it's no surprise that my favorite book is Charlie and the Chocolate Factory by the wonderful Roald Dahl. Forget Charlie Bucket, the real hero is Willy Wonka, inventor of the most amazing sweets in the world.
Here are just a few of his delicious creations:
Hot ice cream for a cold day! What a great idea. Now I can eat ice cream every day! He also invented an ice cream that never melts (融化)—very useful.
Wallpaper that you can lick. This wallpaper comes in orange, grape, apple and banana flavours. When you lick the pictures, you taste the fruit. Brilliant!
Grass made of sugar called Swudge. It grows by the chocolate river and the chocolate waterfall in Willy Wonka's factory.
Mr. Wonka also invented some special sweets for school children, such as a kind of chocolate others cannot see when you are eating it. There are also sugar-coated pencils and magic hand-fudge (软糖)—you hold the fudge in your hand and you taste it in your mouth. Finally, there are Wonka's exploding sweets—a great way of scaring (恐吓) the school bully!
Anyway, these are just a few of his inventions. Read the book if you want to know more.
(1) Who invented the most amazing sweets in the world
A．Willy Wonka. B．Roald Dahl.
C．Charlie Bucket. D．The writer.
(2) Wallpaper is a kind of sweet that .
A．never melts B．has tastes of different fruits
C．smells like chocolate D．can not be seen by others
(3) Which invention is designed especially for school children
A．Hot ice cream. B．Wallpaper.
C．Swudge. D．Sugar-coated pencils.
JOINING A CHOIR
choir
I've always loved singing, but singing hasn't always loved me. I would open my mouth with a beautiful song in my head, fully expecting my voice to follow suit—only to get an awful tone (音调) in return.
Still, without a second thought, I continued to try to sing whenever possible. On car journeys, when my now twenty something sons were small, they would make a great play (hands over their ears, shouting 'No, Mum, stop!') of going through punishment as I sang along to the radio.
Never in a hundred years would I have thought about joining a choir. And when I did finally become a member of my first choir 15 years ago, something fantastic happened to my life. From the first time I experienced my voice as something special but also comfortable, in harmony (和谐) with the other singers, I lost my heart to singing. It was like falling in love. And everyone in the choir had the same shining smiles and bright eyes—singing made them feel happy, too.
Although it is singing itself that makes me happy, it is also how a choir works together. There is something magical about breathing together. The voice of everyone singing quietly together is powerful and excitingly mysterious (神秘的), almost spiritual.
And there's the unexpected friendship from the activities we do as a choir: raising money for good causes and taking our singing sometimes to places where people are forgotten and sad.
I am now a member of six choirs and, if I can, sing every day of the week. I stand in front of several hundred people, and know that some, if not all, of each song will sound not bad at all.
(1) What did the writer's sons think of her singing when they were small
A．Terrible. B．Comfortable. C．Fantastic. D．Boring.
(2) When did the writer join her first choir
A．A week ago. B．Six years ago.
C．Fifteen years ago. D．Twenty years ago.
(3) What brings the writer the unexpected friendship
A．Having car journeys with her sons.
B．Helping others by singing in choirs.
C．Having shining smiles and bright eyes.
D．Singing in front of hundreds of people.
Parents and children often face the challenges of money. Common topics include setting the pocket money, learning to save, and deciding on expensive purchases. The goal of most parents is to teach their kids how to manage money wisely. The goal of most kids is getting money to spend. How can families balance these goals
"All parents hope they'll raise a money-savvy kid, who'll grow up to be an adult wise in their money use." says financial (金融的) planner Peg Eddy. The key is letting kids learn by having a little money of their own.
The Tidier family in Denver found the best way to teach about money was to let their kids earn some. Their son, Ryan, 17, has been helping with their garden since he was 8. Now he has been able to save ＄7,800. Ryan has come to see the value in making his own money even when other kids are given money by their parents.
Learn Now, Save Later
Money skills are an important part of becoming a successful adult. David Brady, another financial planner, says, "Young people today will have much more responsibility for their financial future than their parents or grandparents."
Brady does remind kids. "They shouldn't be thinking about money all the time,"he says. However, they should understand basic rules for earning, saving and investing (投资).
That knowledge is greatly needed. Over the past years, the average credit card debt (债务) of Americans ages 18 to 24 doubled, to nearly ＄3,000. Among high school students, four out of five have never taken a personal-finance class.
Talking About It
Many kids want to learn how to manage their money. But parents think only about what kids shouldn't do. Instead, experts say, knowing how to manage money is the best way for kids to get what they really want. That means long-term planning and saving for big expenses like college or a car. It also means thinking of others, by making donations to charity (慈善).
Giselle Lopez, 17, of New York City, learned the hard way. She was over ＄2,000 in debt on her first credit card. Her parents refused to pay, so Giselle got a job. Then she paid the debt off slowly herself. "Now every time I use it, I know that it comes from my own pocket," Giselle says. "That gives me a sense of responsibility for my actions.”
Different kids will have different styles when it comes to money. Teaching them how to use money doesn't have to mean setting strict rules. When children like Ryan and Giselle have their own money to consider, they can learn to set those rules themselves.
(1) Brady believes that .
A．parents should attend more personal-finance classes
B．parents should teach their kids how to save
C．kids should learn how to manage money
D．kids should follow the school rules
(2) Why did the writer say Giselle Lopez "learned the hard way"
A．Because she had to pay the debt off slowly herself.
B．Because she had to make donations to charity.
C．Because she had difficulty finishing her job.
D．Because she had too many credit cards.
(3) What is the best title for the passage
A．Saving Matters! B．Parents Rule!
C．Classes Work! D．Money Counts!
Cities are taking interest in electric scooter-share systems as an affordable transportation to cut down on pollution and traffic jams. The electric scooters, which weigh between 30 and 40 pounds, reach speeds of about 15 mph.
In September 2017, Santa Monica, California, became the first U.S. city to have an electric scooter-share service. Users find and unlock one of the more than 1,000 scooters with a smartphone app. A ride costs $1, and then 0.15 cents for each minute of riding throughout the beach town.
Bird, the startup operating the scooter-share, picks up the scooters every night to them, and places them around Santa Monica each morning ready for people's use. The company was created by Travis VanderZanden, who once worked in Uber and Lyft, after he realized ridesharing services failed to help with traffic jams and air pollution. Since its September 2017 beginning, Bird's system has served more than 50,000 riders who have taken 250,000 trips—more than half of which have been in the last month. It's since expanded (扩张) to Venice, California, and some neighborhoods in Los Angeles and San Diego. Bird plans to expand to lots of markets by the end of 2018.
Competitors, backed by millionaires, are appearing. Two bike-share startups LimeBike and Spin, have spoken of plans to provide electric scooters in cities this year.
Electric scooters have also gotten the attention of Mayor Pete Buttigieg from South Bend, Indiana. The city is interested in using them as a way to improve public transportation. South Bend was one of the first to use bike-share systems, which allow people to park ridesharing bikes on public land. "We love to be early pioneers," said Buttigieg. "If we work out the safety problem, we would be open to welcoming the technology."
"We need to make sure these new transportation systems are lawful and safe for users," Constance Farrell, a spokeswoman for the city of Santa Monica told CNN. "We would like to see electric scooters continue to operate in the city. They are in line with our goal of multi-modal living and carbon-light living." According to Farrell, there have been eight accidents, including one with a serious head injury, in Santa Monica after the scooters rolled out. Users are required to have a driver's license (驾照), shouldn't ride on sidewalks or have other passengers on board.
Bird has given out free helmets to some riders and tells its users to ride in bike lanes, but some users ride on sidewalks, and most U.S. streets don't have bike lanes.
"The global community of cities is going to have to work this all out for scooters," Buttigieg said. "They can move unbelievably quickly. That's exciting, and a little dangerous."
(1) Why did Travis create Bird company
A．Because he received support from millionaires and the government.
B．Because many cities had electric scooter-share services.
C．Because it is lawful and safe to use electric scooters.
D．Because cities need better ridesharing services.
(2) The words "are in line with" in Paragragh 6 probably mean "_____".
A．stop B．meet the need of
C．change D．are ahead of
(3) What can we learn from the passage
A．Future electric scooters will be very slow and sale.
B．Electric scooters will cause fewer accidents than cars.
C．More cities will try to help with electric scooters service.
D．Future traffic problems will be solved with help of electric scooters.
(4) The passage is mainly about _____.
A．the challenges of the electric scooter-share system in America
B．the advantages and disadvantages of electric scooters in America
C．the introduction of the electric scooter-share service in America
D．the future of electric scooters in public transportation in America
Volunteers Are Needed
Clean People's Park! We need five volunteers who are strong and can help clean up People's Park. We need help to collect rubbish. If you are free for four hours this weekend, come and join us! Tele: 0398-8651518 Email: park699@ Teach music! We need three volunteers to work as music teachers in SOS Children's Villages. You need to be good at singing and dancing, and open-minded with a loving heart. If you are free for two hours every Sunday, join us! Tele: 0398-8858518 Email: lovekids@
Help old people! We need four volunteers to help at Xinxin Nursing Home. You need to be good with older people. Your job is to wash clothes for them. If you can spare three hours on May 6, come and join us! Tele: 0398-8656869 Email: homelove@ Do some gardening! We need two volunteers to work in Xinghai Garden. You need to be good at gardening. We need help from 2 PM to 4 PM every Saturday. If you are free for two hours every Saturday, join us! Tele: 0398-8858416 Email: garden535@
(1) How many volunteers are needed in SOS Children's Villages
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
(2) The volunteers at Xinxin Nursing Home need to _____.
A．learn music B．wash clothes C．collect rubbish D．grow flowers
(3) If you want to do some gardening, you can call _____.
A．0398-8858416 B．0398-8858518 C．0398-8656869 D．0398-8651518
Hello, my name is Jimmy. One day my eighth grade friend said that he was taking the school geography bee (比赛) written test the next day. Something in his tone told me that he was not looking forward to the bee. I could not understand! It sounded like a lot of fun to me.
All day, I found myself wishing I was in middle school, so I could take part in the geography bee. During my lunch break I walked up to my social studies teacher's classroom and asked her if I could take part in the bee for middle school. But she did hesitate (犹豫) a bit because I was too young, just a primary school pupil. I told her that I really loved to learn about our earth, its rivers, mountains, all the human cultures on it. She was still not sure but finally said, "Yes." I jumped at once!
That next morning I was going to be in the school bee as a participant (参赛者) and learn things I was really interested in. I was not nervous one bit, instead just very excited to be doing something I really loved. We had four written rounds—two on the United States and two on the world. I did surprisingly well and placed on the top ten, beating some of the strong seventh and eighth graders. I lost in the oral round the next day, but won my teacher's attention. I came home and looked up the answers to the questions that I and other students lost on.
I placed second in my school the following year, but more importantly, I realized that I really loved geography and enjoyed the time I spent learning it. I may have lost that first bee, but I won the world; a love for that world; love to explore that world—one country, one mountain, one river, one landform at a time; and that is certainly the biggest win for me truly!
(1) Jimmy was a(n) _____.
A．eighth grader B．geography teacher
C．primary school pupil D．middle school worker
(2) When the teacher agreed to let Jimmy take part in the geography bee, he was _____.
A．surprised B．worried C．excited D．nervous
(3) After Jimmy's first geography bee, we can infer that _____.
A．he fell in love with geography
B．he felt excited to take part in bees
C．he felt sorry to lose the geography bee
D．he found it hard to learn geography well
Living and dealing with kids can be a hard job these days, but living and dealing with parents can be even harder.
If I have learned anything in my 16 years, it is that communication is very important, both when you disagree and when you get along well. With any relationship, you need to let the other person know how you are feeling. If you are not able to communicate, you drift apart (疏远). When you are mad at your parents, or anyone else, not talking to them doesn't solve anything.
Communication begins with the concern (关心) for another. It means that you can't just come home from school, go up to your room and ignore (不理睬) everyone. Even if you just say "Hi", and see how their day was for five minutes, it is better than nothing.
If you looked up the word "communication" in a dictionary, it would say "the exchange of ideas, the expression of information, correspondence (通信), means of communication: a letter or a message". To keep a good relationship, you must keep communication strong. Let people know how you feel, even if it's just by writing a note.
When dealing with parents, you always have to make them feel good about how they are doing as a parent. If you are trying to make them see something as you see it, tell them that you'll listen to what they have to say, but ask them politely to listen to you. Yelling or walking away only makes the situation worse.
This is an example: one night, Sophie went to a street party with her friends. She knew she had to be home by midnight after the fireworks, but she didn't feel she could just ask to go home. That would be rude. After all, they had been nice enough to take her along with them. Needless to say, she was late getting home. Her parents were mad at first, not when Sophie explained why she was late, they weren't as mad and let the incident munication is the key factor here. If Sophie's parents had not been willing to listen, Sophie would have been in a lot of trouble.
Communication isn't a one-way deal: it goes both ways. Just remember: if you get into a situation like Sophie's, telling the other person how you feel-listening is the key factor to communication.
(1) In the writer's view, dealing with parents is _____ than with children.
A．more difficult B．easier C．more important D．funnier
(2) From Paragraph 6 we can learn that _____.
A．getting home late would cause much trouble
B．leaving the party early would be rude to friends
C．communication is the key to keeping friendship
D．communication is the solution to misunderstanding
(3) The writer probably agrees that _____.
A．you should write a note to let your parents know how you feel
B．you are willing to talk to your parents shows your care for them
C．you always have to listen to your parents to make them feel good
D．you don't need to communicate with parents when you get on well
答案
一、阅读理解题（共15题）
1. 【答案】
(1) A
(2) B
(3) D
【解析】
(1) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：(Tina) However, I'm sure AI will help us solve many problems. 然而，我相信人工智能将帮助我们解决很多问题。
因此，正确答案是A。
(2) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：(Bill) Humans may be replaced because AI robots will do lots of human jobs. 人类可能会被取代，因为人工智能机器人将会做很多人类的工作。
因此，正确答案是B。
(3) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：(John) So I think AI will be very dangerous for humans. 所以我认为人工智能对人类来说非常危险。
因此，正确答案是D。
【知识点】细节理解、议论文、科学技术 (Science and technology)
2. 【答案】
(1) C
(2) A
(3) B
【解析】
(1) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：The closest I had ever got was a kiddie-coaster when I was six. It was probably six feet tall, but I had it stopped even before we got up to the first slope. 在我六岁的时候，我到最接近的一个地方坐儿童山车。它大概有六英尺高，但是在我们爬到第一个斜坡之前我就让它停下来了。
因此，正确答案是C。
(2) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：As they stepped off the ride, they all tried to persuade (说服) me to follow them onto the next one. 当他们下车时，他们都试图说服我跟着他们上下一辆车。
因此，正确答案是A。
(3) 此题是推理判断题。答案出处：The ride came suddenly to a stop. I opened my eyes. We were back where we started! I hadn't died! I stepped off the ride, tired and dizzy. My friends looked at me, searching for my reaction. "Can we do that again " I said in a low voice. 那辆车突然停了下来。我睁开眼睛。我们回到了起点！我没死！我疲惫不堪，头晕目眩，从车里走了出来。我的朋友们看着我，想知道我的反应。“我们能再来一次吗？”我低声说。
因此，正确答案是B。
【知识点】细节理解、记叙文、个人经历 (Personal experiences)、户外活动 (Outdoor activities)
3. 【答案】
(1) A
(2) D
(3) C
【解析】
(1) 本题考查细节题。首先根据题干直接回文定位到第二段第一句，“Certain physical traits are fully inherited, such as blue eyes and knobby knees.”。选项 A“眼睛颜色”与原文 “blue eyes” 相符。故正确答案为选项 A。
(2) 本题考查多处细节题。选项 A，首先在题干中找到关键词“character traits”，可定位到第一段最后一句，其中并未提及能否改变，后文中也并未再次提及，同时结合第三段第一句可知，很多特性会随着环境而改变，因此选项 A“性格特性很难改变”不选。选项 B，根据关键词“video game”可定位到文章第四段，由“For example, ……it's not because your parents pass down the skills in genes.”可知选项 B 与原文不符。选项 C，根据“hand-eye coordination”可定位到倒数第二段，根据“That's inherited.”可知这是遗传的，因此选项 C 说与遗传无关，不符合原文。选项 D，根据关键词“environment”定位到全文最后一句，可知环境对于特性确实有很大的影响。故正确答案为选项 D。
(3) 本题考查主旨题。由文章大意可知，本文主要探讨的是每个人身上的特性哪些来自于遗传，哪些来自于后天的发展。选项 A 译为“为什么特性重要”，选项 B 译为“遗传如何影响特性”，选项 D 译为“身体特性和性格特性是什么”。选项 C 译为“特性来自于哪里”，既包括了遗传的来源，也包括了后天发展的来源。故正确答案为选项 C。
【知识点】细节理解、主旨大意
4. 【答案】
(1) B
(2) D
(3) C
(4) D
【解析】
(1) 本文主要阐述了“有内驱动力”和“智力超群”二者的区别和联系。
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句 Everyone has the occasional classmate who hands in his work ahead of time with really beautiful handwriting. 和第一段最后一句 Behind this student's back are tons of whispers from his classmates, "Ugh, he is such an overachiever and it's so annoying…"。知选 B。
(2) 推断题。根据第二段第二句：Such students refuse to call themselves overachievers but prefer "motivated" instead. 这些学生拒绝称自己为成绩优秀者，但更喜欢“motivated”。可推断出 They want to shy away from the unpleasant term "overachiever" but choose to embrace the word "motivated"。他们想回避这个不愉快的词“overachiever”而接受“motivated”这个词。故选 D。
(3) 推理判断题。从这一段中我们学到了什么？A. Teachers expect students to benefit from their extra work. 教师期望学生从额外的工作中获益。与文章大意不符；B. Students compete with each other to become overachievers. 学生互相竞争，成为优胜者。与文章大意不符；C. Classmates may laugh at overachievers to hide their inability to achieve. 同学们可能嘲笑那些成绩超群的人，掩盖他们无法实现的目标。与第一段最后一句意思相符，故选 C。D. 作者有一些被称为超越者的愉快经历。文章中并未提及，故可排除 D。
(4) 主旨大意题。文章最后一段表明作者的观点：尽管这两种类型的学生表面有所不同，但实际上是有共同之处的。故选 D。
【知识点】说明文、科普知识 (Popular science)
5. 【答案】
(1) A
(2) C
(3) B
【解析】
(1) 本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述暑假就要来临了，可以让青少年提高技能以及交新朋友的四个项目。
细节理解题。根据 Snow Farm Summer 中的 At Snow Farm Summer, you are not a student you are an artist“Snow Farm Summer，你不是学生，你是一个艺术家”以及 They are for 8th-12th graders from July 15 to July 20, 2018“2018 年 7 月 15 日 7 月 20 日为8-12年级的学生准备”可知，可以加入 Snow Farm Summer。
(2) 细节理解题。根据 National Teen Leadership Program NTLP“国家青少年领导力项目”中的 Our leadership program includes leadership exercises and speech training“我的的领导力项目包括领导力练习以及演讲”可知，学生们可以得到演讲训练。
(3) 细节理解题。根据 Engineering Experience“工程技术经验”中的 Have you ever wanted to build a bridge Program a robot Join us for a hands-on. weeklong introduction to the world of engineering at Episcopal High School“你曾经想要建造一座桥或者编写一个机器人程序吗？跟我们一起动手吧。在圣公会高中为期一周的工程世界介绍”可知，如果想要学习如何编写机器人程序，可以上圣公会高中的课程。
【知识点】细节理解、节日与假日 (Festivals and holidays)、广告
6. 【答案】
(1) C
(2) C
(3) D
【解析】
(1) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：I walked home with my friend Jerry after school. 放学后我和我的朋友Jerry一起走回家。I suddenly noticed a boy in front of me. 我突然注意到一个男孩在我前面。
因此，正确答案是C。
(2) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：His family treated me like a special guest. He said in his culture, strangers were always treated very kindly. His mom brought out some great snacks, and offered me some tea. 他的家人把我当作特别客人对待。他说，在他的文化中，陌生人总是受到非常友好的对待。他的妈妈拿出了一些美味的零食，并给了我一些茶。
因此，正确答案是C。
(3) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：I realize that your friends don't have to be just like you. 我意识到你的朋友不必跟你一样。结合全文可知，作者结识了为了逃离战争而背井离乡的Ahmad，他们的背景不同，但成为了好朋友。
因此，正确答案是D。
【知识点】细节理解、朋友 (Friends)、记叙文
7. 【答案】
(1) C
(2) B
(3) A
【解析】
(1) 本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述虚拟现实在教育事业上的用途，为学生提供巨大的学习机会，但是能否被广泛运用还是未知数，因为软件的费用很高。这个只是丰富而不是取代整个世界。
细节理解题。根据 She was transported by a virtual（虚拟的）reality（现实）headset—it took Taylor and her classmates to a farm 250 miles away“她被一个虚拟现实耳机传送过来，它将泰勒和她的同学带到了 250 公里以外的农场”可知，他们在教室中有一个虚拟现实的课程。故选 C。
(2) 细节理解题。根据 it can help with their understanding and improve their grades“他能够帮助他们理解和提高他们的成绩”可知，老师认为 VR 技术对学生们有帮助，故选 B。
(3) 细节理解题。根据 Both Miller and Evans stressed the technology could enrich—not replace-real-world experiences. "We have to remain anchored（立足）in the real world"“米勒和埃文斯都强调科技会丰富而不是取代真实的世界经历，我们不得不保持立足于真实的世界”可知，人们不应该对真实的世界失去兴趣，故选 A。
【知识点】细节理解、其他人 (Other people)、记叙文
8. 【答案】
(1) B
(2) B
(3) B
(4) D
【解析】
(1) 这篇短文主要介绍 BMI 指数的优缺点，由此来讨论是否要终止这个项目。
细节理解题。根据第二段 Along with students' BMIs, parents also received information on health risks of being overweight. 随着学生的 BMI 指数，家长也收到了关于肥胖的健康风险的信息，可知 BMI 的目的是警告父母超重儿童的健康风险，故选 B。
(2) 细节理解题。根据第四段 Instead of focusing on kids' BMIs, schools should provide better health and physical education classes and serve healthier foods 可知 Dr. Nancy Krebs 希望学校能够教学生如何过健康的生活，故选 B。
(3) 语义理解题。后文列举了实例，来说明划线部分，由本段的最后一句 It made me realize that we needed to do something different. 可推知这句话的意思是这封信鼓励了一些家长针对孩子的肥胖问题采取措施，做出改变，故选 B。
(4) 主旨大意题。文章第一段就陈述了一个事实 Arkansas 准备放弃 BMI 这个项目或者削弱它。后文一直在介绍 BMI 这个项目的优缺点，可知文章主要表达 BMI 这个项目是否要停止，故选 D。
【知识点】细节理解、卫生与健康、主旨大意、句意理解
9. 【答案】
(1) A
(2) B
(3) D
【解析】
(1) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Forget Charlie Bucket, the real hero is Willy Wonka, inventor of the most amazing sweets in the world. 忘记Charlie Bucket，真正的英雄是Willy Wonka，世界上最神奇的糖果的发明者。
因此，正确答案是A。
(2) 此题是推理判断题。答案出处：Wallpaper that you can lick. This wallpaper comes in orange, grape, apple and banana flavours. 你可以舔墙纸。这张壁纸是橙、葡萄、苹果和香蕉的味道。
因此，正确答案是B。
(3) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：There are also sugar-coated pencils and magic hand-fudge (软糖)—you hold the fudge in your hand and you taste it in your mouth. 还有糖衣铅笔和魔术手软糖——你手里拿着软糖，嘴里品尝着它。
因此，正确答案是D。
【知识点】食物与饮料 (Food and drinks)、细节理解、记叙文、推理判断
10. 【答案】
(1) A
(2) C
(3) B
【解析】
(1) 此题是推理判断题。答案出处：On car journeys, when my now twenty something sons were small, they would make a great play (hands over their ears, shouting 'No, Mum, stop!') of going through punishment as I sang along to the radio. 在我的孩子还小的时候（他们现在20多岁了），每当我跟着汽车收音机的音乐唱歌时，他们就会做出夸张的反应（双手捂着耳朵，大叫：“妈妈快别唱了！”），就像正在接受惩罚一般。可知作者的孩子觉得作者唱得不好听。
因此，正确答案是A。
(2) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：And when I did finally become a member of my first choir 15 years ago, something fantastic happened to my life. 15年前，当我终于第一次加入合唱队的时候，我的生活发生了一些奇妙的事情。
因此，正确答案是C。
(3) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：And there's the unexpected friendship from the activities we do as a choir: raising money for good causes and taking our singing sometimes to places where people are forgotten and sad. 我们还为慈善事业筹钱，有时会去鲜有访客、缺乏生气的地方唱歌，从中我们还建立起了深厚的友谊，这是我没有预料过的。
因此，正确答案是B。
【知识点】细节理解、推理判断、记叙文、个人经历 (Personal experiences)
11. 【答案】
(1) C
(2) A
(3) D
【解析】
(1) 此题是推理判断题。答案出处：However, they should understand basic rules for earning, saving and investing (投资). 然而。他们应该明白基础的挣钱、省钱和投资规则。
因此，正确答案是C。
(2) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Giselle Lopez, 17, of New York City, learned the hard way. 纽约的17岁的Giselle Lopez，尝到了其中的艰苦。Then she paid the debt off slowly herself. 然后她靠自己慢慢地偿还债务。
因此，正确答案是A。
(3) 此题是主旨大意题。答案出处：The goal of most parents is to teach their kids how to manage money wisely. The goal of most kids is getting money to spend. How can families balance these goals 大多数家长的目标是教孩子们如何理智地管理钱。大多数孩子的目标是如何得到钱来花。家庭如何来平衡这些目标呢？
因此，正确答案是D。
【知识点】细节理解、家庭生活 (Life at home)、最佳标题、议论文、推理判断
12. 【答案】
(1) D
(2) B
(3) C
(4) C
【解析】
(1) 根据 Bird, the startup operating the scooter-share, picks up the scooters every…Since its September 2017 beginning, Bird's system has served more than 50,000 riders who have taken 250,000 trips—more than half of which have been in the last month 可知 Bird 能更好的为城市共享骑行服务；故选 D。
(2) 根据 They are in line with our goal of multi-modal living and carbon-light living. 它们符合我们多元化的生活和低碳生活的目标；A. stop 停止；B. meet the need of 满足……的需要；C. change 改变；D. are ahead of 比……强；根据 our goal of multi-modal living and carbon-light living 可推测是满足我们多元化的生活和低碳生活的目标需要；故选 B。
(3) 根据 They can move unbelievably quickly. 可知 A 不对，根据 there have been eight accidents，并没说比汽车交通事故少，可知 B 不对；根据 Bird plans to expand to lots of markets by the end of 2018. Electric scooters have also gotten the attention of Mayor Pete Buttigieg from South Bend, Indiana. Constance Farrell, a spokeswoman for the city of Santa Monica told CNN. "We would like to see electric scooters continue to operate in the city. 可知更多的城市帮助共享滑板服务，可知 C 对；根据 That's exciting, and a little dangerous 可知 D 不对；故选 C。
(4) 根据文章介绍了美国共享滑板的一些事情。故选 C。
【知识点】主旨大意、细节理解、猜测词义、体育与赛事 (Sports and matches)
13. 【答案】
(1) B
(2) B
(3) A
【解析】
(1) 本文以表格的形式介绍了四个需要志愿者的活动，包括活动内容、志愿时间、联系方式等信息。
细节理解题。根据题干中 SOS Children's Villages 可定位到 Teach music! 第一句。根据 We need three volunteers to work as music teachers in SOS Children's Villages. 可知，需要三名志愿者。
(2) 细节理解题。根据题干中 Xinxin Nursing Home 可定位到 Help old people! 第一句。根据 Your job is to wash clothes for them. 可知，志愿者需要在 Xinxin Nursing Home 洗衣服。
(3) 细节理解题。根据题干中 do some gardening 可定位到 Do some gardening! 的联系方式。根据 Tele: 0398-8858416 可知选 A。
【知识点】细节理解
14. 【答案】
(1) C
(2) C
(3) A
【解析】
(1) 本文是一篇记叙文。喜爱地理的作者在听到朋友将要参加地理比赛的消息后非常兴奋，于是他向老师请求参加比赛，最终得到了老师的同意，并且在比赛中取得了不错的成绩。这也激励着他在以后的学习中更加热爱地理。
细节理解题。根据第二段中 But she did hesitate a bit because I was too young, just a primary school pupil. 可知，Jimmy 是一名小学生。
(2) 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句 I jumped at once! 可知，在得到老师的允许后，Jimmy 非常兴奋。
(3) 推理判断题。根据最后一段中 …I really loved geography…the biggest win for me truly! 可知，在 Jimmy 参加完第一次地理竞赛后，他爱上了地理。
【知识点】学习科目 (School subjects)、记叙文
15. 【答案】
(1) A
(2) D
(3) B
【解析】
(1) 本文是一篇说明文，通过讲述父母和子女之间沟通的问题，告诉我们沟通是双方的事情，聆听是关键。
细节理解题。根据第一段中 …but living and dealing with parents can be even harder. 可知，在作者的眼中，相对于和孩子们交流，和父母交流更困难。故选 A。
(2) 推理判断题。第六段通过讲述 Sophie 因为看烟花回家晚，而后与父母沟通，避免了误解的发生，由此可知沟通可以减少麻烦的存在，是解决误解的方式。故选 D。
(3) 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句 Let people know how you feel, even if it's just by writing a note. 可知，写纸条是提出的一个假设，A 项表述过于绝对；根据第二、三段的描述可知，我们应该与父母主动交流，关心彼此，与 B 项“你乐意与父母交谈说明你关心他们”表述一致；根据第五段第一句 When dealing with parents, you always have to make them feel good about how they are doing as a parent. 可知，C 项表述错误；D 项表述明显错误。故选 B。
【知识点】说明文、人际交往 (Interpersonal communication)