江苏省部分市2022-2023学年高三下学期期初考试英语汇编：七选五 （含解析）

江苏省部分市
2022-2023学年高三下学期期初考试英语试题分类汇编
七选五
江苏省通泰镇徐连宿淮7市2022-2023学年高三下学期期初联考英语试卷
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
People have tried everything to get more sleep. But unlike almost every other area of life, effort is not rewarded. 36 ________ The more you try, the less you are likely to succeed.
Here are some ways to improve your sleep that might just work.
37_________ There is nothing you can do between now and bedtime to guarantee that you will sleep tonight. There is, however, plenty you can start doing to improve your chances of sleeping well next month. So instead of worrying about the night ahead, make sleeping well a long-term goal and expect to see progress in a few weeks rather than tomorrow.
Have a late night. Adults need to be awake for at least 16 hours to generate enough sleep-drive to sleep for eight hours at night. Having an early night can mean you won't be sleepy enough to fall asleep quickly and easily. Don't pay too much attention to the exact times or the hours of sleep you are getting — the details don't matter. And don't take naps(小睡) in the day . 38__________
Smile more. Smiling can reduce tension and promote relaxation. As you turn the light out at night, try to think of something funny and smile to yourself in the dark. 39________ Even a fake smile is enough to send a message to the brain to change your mood and retrain the brain to be comfortable with being awake, thus reducing tension and allowing sleep to follow.
Stop reading articles about sleep. None of the researching, monitoring or analyzing actually leads to better sleep. In fact, constantly looking for a solution is undoubtedly making things worse. 40___________ Make this the last article you read on the subject, then go and find something more interesting to think about.
A. Try to stay awake at night.
B. In fact, it is actively punished.
C. Give up trying to sleep tonight.
D. So give sleep less of your attention.
E. They take the edge off your appetite for sleep.
F. It doesn't have to be a genuine, heartfelt smile
G. You have to do things differently to get a different outcome.
江苏省扬州市2022-2023学年高三下学期开学考试英语试题
第二节(共5小题；每小题2 . 5分, 满分12 . 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In theory, modern smartphones can last hundreds of hours on a single charge. 36______
Manufacturers love to use laboratory conditions to advertise great numbers, most of which don't match real-world use. Here we have some saving tricks that actually work.
Delete apps you don't use. On average, smartphone users download about 42 apps but use only ten daily. An easy way to preserve battery life 37________ Deleting an app that you don't use is a simple way to free up storage space on your device and reduce the burden of your battery.
38 _________A phone's single biggest battery drain is the fact that it takes a lot of energy to keep your phone's screen lit up, and we often leave it on accidentally, even if we're not looking at the screen. The solution is to set your device to turn off its screen after 30 seconds or a minute.
Dim the screen. Viewing your phone's millions of pixels at full brightness is a guaranteed battery drain. Even your phone's auto-brightness feature will sometimes overdo it, meaning you could be losing precious hours of battery life. Try dimming your display a little at a time. 39 _________
Go ahead and charge it. You've probably heard the classic advice about charging batteries: Let your battery drain all the way, then charge to 100 percent and repeat. The idea is that you are teaching your battery to “remember” its full charge capacity, rather than confusing it with periodic, inconsistent charges. 40____________ So instead of running out the door with 50 percent juice, consider plugging in your phone for 15 minutes before you leave.
A. Get rid of the others.
B. Decrease display time.
C. But it's not the case in practice.
D. Turn off the ones that you don't use.
E. You'll be surprised how quickly your eyes adjust.
F. It doesn't consume as much battery power as we think.
G. Actually most smartphone batteries don't need special treatment.
江苏省常州市教育学会2022-2023学年高三下学期期初学业水平监测英语试题
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多于选项。
According to a 2022 report, nearly a quarter of people had relationships that were negatively affected by contradictory views during COVID-19. Even in normal times, we gain and lose friends all the time.____16____And, once you do, what’s the best way forward
Be clear and responsible
Beyond conflicts over core values, there are many reasons why people stop being friends: maybe you just drifted apart after graduating; maybe one of you has hit a milestone (parenthood say) and the other can’t relate.____17____Ask yourself why you’re considering ending the friendship. Next: have you told that to the other person
When to let it fade away
____18____He adds that a gradual fade can be fine—if both parties are aware it’s happening. In reality, there are certain situations where ghosting is the best strategy. Friendships can take on toxic(有毒的) qualities. According to one survey, 84 per cent of women and 75 per cent of men report having had a rude friend. ____19____
Find a silver lining
No matter how a friendship ends, it hurts to let go of someone you love. “Struggling to accept the situation is normal.” says Thomas.____20____Counter intuitive (违反直觉的) as it may seem, finding something to be grateful for in the former friendship can help, and it can also stop you from focusing on what you could have done differently. Thomas stresses that all relationships, at their core, are part of how we learn and grow.
A. Forget the core of friendship.
B. No matter the context, explaining clearly is key.
C. After all, human beings are attachment creature
D. Thus, it will inevitably lead to a close friendship
E. But how do you decide when a friendship has run its course
F. In that case, prioritize your well-being and quietly cut ties without guilt.
G. “Sometimes we can do nothing to decide the time,” says Thomas, a psychologist.
江苏省泰州市2022-2023学年高三下学期期初考试英语试题
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A Simple Trick to Resist Junk Food
You’re tired and hungry. Then you catch something delicious, probably fried and almost certainly fattening. It is fried chicken! ____16____ A new research says that being exposed to the smell of junk food for at least two minutes can actually help you make healthier food choices.
Have you ever noticed that whatever appetizing treat catches your nose’s attention tends to be most appealing just after you first smell it What will happen if you’re standing in line after a couple of minutes ____17____ And recent science says that this is actually the right moment to walk away.
The results of a series of experiments show that extended exposure of more than two minutes to junk food smell leads to lower purchases of unhealthy foods compared with healthy smell. ____18____ That is why long exposure to junk food smell can be as satisfactory as actually having it in your mouth.
____19____ When the exposure to smell of healthy food were examined, food choices were not profoundly influenced. The reason for this is that healthy food is not connected with reward in our brain and therefore has little influence on what we desire.
So next time you’re feeling you don’t have the willpower to resist that French fries, it might be as simple as sitting there and smelling all that sweetness for just a minute or two. ____20____
A. But wait a minute before you order.
B. It’s a response that has been researched.
C. Get the satisfaction with none of the junk food.
D. It isn’t quite as irresistible as it was just moments ago.
E. However, it’s not the same case with smell of healthy food.
F. The brain doesn’t necessarily tell apart a pleasurable smell or taste.
G. It’s the same as actually eating it because your desire to eat it is satisfied.
江苏省盐城市2022-2023学年高三下学期期初考试英语试题
二、七选五
Complaining is often looked at as a negative, but if you perfect it great things can happen.
16 Articles and experts insist that too much complaining will “lower your empathy (共情) and stop you achieving your dream and living the life you want. They suggest that you cut out negativity from your life, especially people who complain. But humans love to complain
I know this because I get paid to sit with people while they complain and process every week.
17 Once we discover how to effectively integrate it, great things can happen. Dr Robin Kowalski found those who complain with the hopes of achieving a certain result tend to be happier.
Complaining also influences how people see us, creates social bonds, encourages empathy and helps create real changes. It plays a very important role in our lives and is a skill that can be extremely effective. 18
So here are some ways to deal with the art of complaining in a skillful way.
1. Clarify and organize your complaints. It will get your complaints across to others more easily.
2. Work out who can give you a hand. 19 Pick those who can empathize with you or help with your goal.
3. Make connections with others. It would be possible for people to know what you needed. Conclude from specific things above, and our complaining is much more likely to feel useful and effective:
Use facts and logic.
Identify who has the ability to make it happen.
20
Whatever your complaining, it’ll make for your improvement when used correctly and effectively.
A. Get rid of your bitter complaints.
B. Don’t complain to the same people.
C. Actually, complaining has a bad reputation.
D. Socialize with others to make complaints accessible.
E. Complaining does serve as a real purpose in our lives.
F. However, the influences of complaining are not necessarily beneficial to us all.
G. Our goal is not to remove complaining, but make it more useful and effective.
答案：
江苏省通泰镇徐连宿淮7市2022-2023学年高三下学期期初联考英语试卷
36—40 BCEFD
36—40 BCEFD
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些可能有效改善睡眠的方法。
【小题36】根据前文“People have tried everything to get more sleep. But unlike almost every other area of life， effort is not rewarded. （人们尝试了各种方法来获得更多的睡眠。但与生活中几乎所有其他领域不同的是，努力是没有回报的。）"可知，此处强调的是人们尽管通过各种方法获得睡眠，但并非总是有效的。根据后文“The more you try， the less you are likely to succeed. （你越努力， 成功的可能性就越小。）"可知，越是积极地努力，成功的可能性越小。故设空处应该强调的是付出的种种努力没有得到回报，反而得到了消极的惩罚。B选项“In fact，it is actively punished. （事实上，它受到了积极的惩罚。）"承上启下，符合语境。故选B。
【小题37】本题为本段的段旨。根据后文"There is nothing you can do between now and bedtime to guarantee that you will sleep tonight. There is， however， plenty you can start doing to improve your chances of sleeping well next month. （从现在到就寝时间，你做什么都不能保证你今晚能睡得着。然而，你可以开始做很多事情来提高你下个月睡得好的机会。"可知，此处得调不要为当下的睡眠做出积极的准备，因为从现在到就寝时间，你所做的事情不一定能保证你能睡着。所以应该放弃尝试今晚睡觉，可以在未来的时间中为睡眠作积极的准备。C选项"Give up trying to sleep tonight. （放弃尝试今晚睡觉。）"符合语境。故选C。
【小题38】根据前文"And don't take naps（小睡）in the day. （不要在白天打盹。）"可知，此处指出白天不要小睡，后文应该指出这样做的结果。E选项"They take the edge off your appetite for sleep. （它们会降低你的睡眠欲望。）”承接前文，指出白天打盹会降低夜晚睡眠的欲望，不易睡眠。故选E。
【小题394】根据前文"Smiling can reduce tension and promote relaxation. As you turn the light out at night， try to think of something funny and smile lo yourself in the dark. （微笑可以减少紧张，促进放松。当你在晚上熄灯时，试着想一些有趣的事情，在黑暗中对自己微笑。）"可知，微笑可以缓解压力，有助于睡眠。根据后文"Even a fake smile is enough to send a message to the brain to change your mood and retrain the brain to be comfortable with being awake， thus reducing tension and allowing sleep to follow. （即使是一个假笑也足以向大脑传递一个信息，改变你的情绪，重新训练大脑，让它适应清醒的状态，从而减少紧张，让睡眠随之而来。）"可知，此处强调即使睡前的假笑也能给大脑传递信息，放松情绪有助于睡眠。因此设空处应该引出此话题，即不一定是发自内心的笑即假笑也会产生积极的作用。F选项“It doesn't have to be a genuine，heartfelt smile. （不一定是真诚的，发自内心的微笑。）”引起下文，符合题意。故选F。
【小题40】根据前文“In fact，constantly looking for a solution is undoubtedly making things worse. （事实上，不断地寻找解决方案无疑会让事情变得更糟。）“可知，不断地寻求解决睡眠的方案可能会起到反作用，更让自己睡不着，因此设空处应该指出解决方案。D选项"So give sleep less of your attention（所以少睡觉吧。）"承接前文，故选D。
江苏省扬州市2022-2023学年高三下学期开学考试英语试题
36-40 CABEG
【内容概述】 商家公布的电池待机时间都是实验室里的理想数据，但事实并非如此。本文介绍几种节省电量的方法。
36. 选C。根据上句“理论上，手机充电一次就可以持续几百个小时”及下句“制造商喜欢用实验条件来宣传他们的数据，其实这大部分和实际使用并不匹配”，可知本句应该是表示转折的承上启下，表明在实践中并非如此。故选C。
37. 选A。本段主题句“删除你不用的app”，后面解释用户平均下载42个app，但是日常只使用10个，因此想要保护电池，就需要“删除其它的（不用的app）”，选项中的get rid of与前后的delete同义复现。D项只是关掉不用的app，与上下文不符。故选A。
38. 选B。空格为本段的主题句。下文叙述电池最大的消耗是亮屏的时间，并解释如何设置自动熄屏来节省电池。因此主题句应该是“减少（屏幕）显示时间”。同样不能选D，因为本段并未提及app。故选B。
39. 选E。本段主要讲述如何通过调低屏幕亮度来节省电量。空格前面一句“试着每次将屏幕调暗一点点”，后面应该是“这样你的眼睛就可以很快适应”。故选E。
40. 选G。本段叙述现在的电池不需要将电量全部耗光再充满，因此这儿需要一个承上启下的句子“事实上绝大部分电池不需要特别对待”，下文接着解释该如何充电。故选G。
江苏省常州市教育学会2022-2023学年高三下学期期初学业水平监测英语试题
【答案】16. E 17. B 18. G 19. F 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是当我们决定结束一段友谊的时候我们应该怎么做。
【16题详解】
根据空前“Even in normal times, we gain and lose friends all the time.(即使在平时，我们也会得到朋友，也会失去朋友。)”可知此处讲的是朋友的得失对于我们来说是正常的，根据空后“And, once you do, what’s the best way forward (一旦你这样做了，最好的方法是什么 )”以及下文可知此处是在给我们指出如果一段友谊即将结束我们应该怎么做，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是我们该如何判断一段友谊的结束，E项But how do you decide when a friendship has run its course (但你如何判断一段友谊何时结束呢 )承接上文，引出下文，而且空后的代动词do指代E项的内容，符合上下文语境。故选E项。
【17题详解】
根据本段小标题“Be clear and responsible(表达清楚和负责任)”以及空前“Beyond conflicts over core values, there are many reasons why people stop being friends: maybe you just drifted apart after graduating; maybe one of you has hit a milestone (parenthood. say) and the other can’t relate.(除了核心价值观上的冲突，人们不再做朋友还有很多原因：也许你们毕业后就疏远了；也许你们中的一个人已经达到了一个里程碑(为人父母，比如说)，而另一个人无法联系起来。)”可知本段讲的是如果一段友谊要结束了，那么就要搞清楚原因是什么，根据空后“Ask yourself why you’re considering ending the friendship. Next: have you told that to the other person (问问自己为什么要考虑结束这段友谊。接下来：你跟对方说过吗 )”可知此处讲的是如果你打算结束这段友谊，那么你就应该让对方知道此事，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是无论你的原因是什么，都要说出来，B项No matter the context, explaining clearly is key.(不管是什么背景，清楚地解释是关键。)告诉我们无论原因是什都要清楚地解释，承上启下，符合上下文语境。故选B项。
【18题详解】
根据空后“He adds that a gradual fade can be fine—if both parties are aware it’s happening.(他补充说，如果双方都能意识到这种情况，那么逐渐的退出可能是好的。)”可知此处讲的是一个人的观点，依据句中的He，所以空处应该提到一位科学家的名字以及他的观点，G项“Sometimes we can do nothing to decide the time.” says Thomas, a psychologist.(心理学家托马斯说：“有时我们无法决定时间。”)”指出了心理学家托马斯的观点，符合上下文语境。故选G项。
【19题详解】
根据空前“In reality, there are certain situations where ghosting is the best strategy. Friendships can take on toxic(有毒的) qualities. According to one survey, 84 per cent of women and 75 per cent of men report having had a rude friend.(事实上，在某些情况下，“突然消失”是最好的策略。友谊可能会有有毒的品质。一项调查显示，84%的女性和75%的男性称自己有过粗鲁的朋友。)”可知此处讲的是对于一段有毒的友谊我们可以选择突然消失的策略，所以空处应该讲的是对于有毒的友谊我们应该怎么做，F项In that case, prioritize your well-being and quietly cut ties without guilt.(在这种情况下，优先考虑自己的幸福，悄悄地断绝关系，不要感到内疚。)指出对于一段有毒的友谊我们应该优先考虑自己的幸福，悄悄地断绝关系，而且F项的that case指的是空前调查的内容，符合上下文语境。故选F项。
【20题详解】
根据本段小标题“Find a silver lining(找到一线希望)”以及“No matter how a friendship ends, it hurts to let go of someone you love. “Struggling to accept the situation is normal.” says Thomas.(不管一段友谊以怎样的方式结束，放弃你爱的人都是一件心痛的事。托马斯说，“难以接受这种情况很正常。”)”可知结束一段友谊是一件令人心痛的事，但这也是正常的，C项After all, human beings are attachment creature.(毕竟，人类是依恋的生物。)指出人类在一段友谊结束时感到难过的原因，符合上下文语境。故选C项。
江苏省泰州市2022-2023学年高三下学期期初考试英语试题
【答案】16. A 17. D 18. F 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种可以抵抗垃圾食物的简单窍门。
【16题详解】
根据空后的“A new research says that being exposed to the smell of junk food for at least two minutes can actually help you make healthier food choices.(一项新的研究表明，接触垃圾食物的气味至少两分钟实际上可以帮助你做出更健康的食物选择。)”可知，选择食物前与先接触食物味道至少两分钟，所以设空处应与等待时间有关，A选项“But wait a minute before you order.(但是在订购前请稍等片刻。)”与空后的内容吻合。故选A项。
【17题详解】
根据空前的问题“What will happen if you’re standing in line after a couple of minutes (如果您在几分钟后排队会发生什么？)”可知，空后应对此问题做出回答，D选项“It isn’t quite as irresistible as it was just moments ago.(它不像刚才那样不可抗拒。)”给出答案，同时句中的“just moments ago”与上文“a couple of minutes”相照应。故选D项。
【18题详解】
根据空后的“That is why long exposure to junk food smell can be as satisfactory as actually having it in your mouth.(这就是为什么长时间暴露在垃圾食品气味中可以像实际将其放在嘴里一样令人满意。)”可知，该句与空格内容为因果关系，此处表示的是结果，所以设空处应选择原因，F选项“The brain doesn’t necessarily tell apart a pleasurable smell or taste.(大脑不一定能分辨出令人愉悦的气味或味道。)”与空后的内容为因果关系，符合逻辑。故选F项。
【19题详解】
根据空后的“When the exposure to smell of healthy food were examined, food choices were not profoundly influenced.(当检查到健康食品的气味时，食物选择没有受到深远的影响。)”可知，该段落讲述的是接触到健康食物的产生的影响，而空前段落讲述的是接触到垃圾食物产生的影响，所以设空处应为过渡句，表示转折关系，E选项“However, it’s not the same case with smell of healthy food.(然而，健康食品的气味并非如此。)”符合逻辑。故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据空前的“So next time you’re feeling you don’t have the willpower to resist that French fries, it might be as simple as sitting there and smelling all that sweetness for just a minute or two.(所以下次你觉得自己没有抵抗炸薯条的意志力时，可能就像坐在那里闻一两分钟的甜味一样简单。)”可知，闻一闻想吃的甜食一两分钟，就可以帮助抵抗住想吃垃圾食物的欲望，所以空后表达的是嗅觉得到满足后，吃的欲望也得到了满足，空格位于段尾，对文章作总结，G选项“It’s the same as actually eating it because your desire to eat it is satisfied.(这和实际吃它是一样的，因为你吃它的欲望得到了满足。)”符合语境和文章的主题。故选G项。
江苏省盐城市2022-2023学年高三下学期期初考试英语试题
16-20 CEGBD
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是如果我们对通常被看做的抱怨进行完善的话就会有美好的事情发生。
【小题16】空处位于句首，应为本段内容的概括。根据空前"Complaining is often looked at as a negative，but if you perfect it great things can happen. 抱怨通常被看作是消极的，但如果你完善它，美好的事情就会发生。）"可知虽然抱怨被认为是不好的，但是如果你对其进行完善的话，其实抱怨也会让好事发生，根据空后“Articles and experts insist that too much complaining will lower your empathy（共情）and stop you achieving your dream and living the life you want. （文章和专家坚持认为，太多的抱怨会降低你的同理心，阻止你实现你的梦想，过上你想要的生活。）”可知专家们认为抱怨是不好的，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是虽然抱怨可以让好事发生，但是实际上抱怨通常让人觉得不好，C项Actually，complaining has a bad reputation. （事实上，抱怨的名声不好。）指出实际上抱怨的名声很差，承接上文，引出下文，概括本段的主要内容，符合上下文语境。故选C项。
【小题17】空处位于句首，应为本段内容的概括。根据空前"Once we discover how to effectively integrate it， great things can happen. Dr Robin Kowalski found those who complain with the hopes of achieving a certain result tend to be happier. （一旦我们发现如何有效地整合它，美好的事情就会发生。Robin Kowalski博士发现，那些为了达到某种目的而抱怨的人往往更快乐。）"可知如果我们为了达到某个目标而进行合理的抱怨，那么我们会变得更开心，由此可以推出抱怨确实有一些作用，所以空处应该讲抱怨的用途是什么，E项Complaining does serve as a real purpose in our lives. （抱怨确实是我们生活中的一个真正的目的。）指出抱怨确实是我们生活的一个真实目的，对本段进行了概括，符合上下文语境。故选E项。
【小题18】根据空前"It plays a very important role in our lives and is a skill that can be extremely effective. （它在我们的生活中扮演着非常重要的角色，是一种非常有效的技能。）"可知抱怨在生活中确实很重要，根据空后“So here are some ways to deal with the art of complaining in a skillful way. （因此，这里有一些巧妙地处理抱怨艺术的方法。）"可知此处是在给出一些如何让抱怨变得有意义的建议，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是我们要学会正确对待抱怨， G项Our goal is not to remove complaining， but make it more useful and effective. （我们的目标不是消除抱怨，而是让它更有用、更有效。）指出对待抱怨我们的目的不是消除，而是让它更加有意义，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选G项。
【小题19】根据空前 "Work out who can give you a hand. （找出谁能帮到你。）"可知我们要找到能帮助自己的人，根据空后"Pick those who can empathize with you or help with your goal. （选择那些能同情你或帮助你实现目标的人。）"可知我们要选择能够和自己共情的人进行抱怨，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是不要一直对同一个人帮不了你的人进行抱怨，B项Don't complain to the same people（不要向同一个人抱怨。）指出不能一直对同一个人抱怨，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选B项。
【小题20】空处为本段主题句，应对空后内容进行概括。根据空后“Whatever your complaining， it'll make for your improvement when used correctly and effectively. （无论你抱怨什么，如果正确有效地使用，它都会有助于你的进步。）"可知此处讲的是应该与别人多联系，所以空处应该是与社交有关的主题句，D项Socialize with others to make complaints accessible. （与他人交往，让抱怨成为可能。）"告诉我们要和别人进行交往，从而让抱怨成为一种可能，概括本段主要内容，符合上下文语境。故选D项。