课件14张PPT。聚焦中考——英语（普版）第34讲
宾语从句【名题实战】
1．— Could you tell me __B__ in your hometown in winter?
—Sure.(2013，鄂州)
A．whether does it often snow
B．whether it often snows
C．if it often snow
D．if does it snow
2．—Did the radio say __B__？
—Yes，from Hunan.(2013，重庆)
A．how the bad rice came
B．where the bad rice came from
C．how did the bad rice come from
D．where did the bad rice come from
3．—Could you tell me __D__？
—At nine o'clock，in ten minutes.(2013，襄阳)
A．how will he leave B．when he has left
C．why he is leaving D．when he will leave4．I don't remember __A__ the book yesterday.(2013，北京)
A．where I put B．where did I put
C．where will I put D．where I will put
5．—Hey！Mike，guess __B__ for my coming vacation.
—To Hainan Island？You always like somewhere interesting.(2013，台州)
A．when I will take B．where I'm going
C．when I will leave D．who I'm going with
【考点梳理】
中考对宾语从句考查的重点是引导词、时态和语序。高频考向一 宾语从句的引导词
①宾语从句是陈述句，引导词用that，在口语中that可以省略。如：
We believe(that)he is honest.我们相信他是诚实的。
②如果宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来，其引导词用if或whether。一般情况下，二者可以通用，但从句中有or not或从句充当介词的宾语时，只能用whether。如：
I don't know if/whether she will come here.我不知道是否她将来这儿。
Sorry，I don't know whether he will come or not.对不起，我不知道他是否会来。
③宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，引导词就是特殊疑问词。如：
Could you tell me where the post office is？你能告诉我邮局在哪里吗？
The teacher asked the students what they were doing.老师问这些学生正在做什么。
【例1】Could you say it again？I can't understand ________ you are talking about.(2013，广州)
A．how B．when C．what D．which解析：how和when在宾语从句中作状语，而此处宾语从句的引导词在宾语从句中作talk about的宾语，故排除A、B两项；what“什么”，which“哪一个”，由句意“我无法理解你正在谈论什么”可知应用what。
答案：__C__
【例2】 —Could you tell me ________ he came here?
—He drove here himself.(2012，安徽)
A．how B．why C．when D．whether
解析：本题考查宾语从句的引导词。how“怎样”，why“为什么”；when“什么时候”；whether“是否”。由答语“他是自己开车来这儿的”知问句为“你能告诉我他是怎样来这儿的吗？”。答案：__A__
高频考向二 宾语从句的时态
宾语从句中的谓语动词的时态是由主句中谓语动词的时态来决定的，一般有下面几种情况：
①主句的时态为一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时，从句的谓语动词的时态要根据具体的情况用相应的任何时态。如：
He says he will ask Mr.Hu to give Jim some work.他说他将叫胡先生给吉姆一些工作。
②主句的时态为过去的某种时态时，从句的谓语动词的时态要用相应的某一过去的时态。如：
She said she missed us very much.她说她非常想念我们。
③从句表示的是客观真理、普遍真理、自然现象时，从句的时态一律使用一般现在时。如：
He said that the sun is bigger than the earth.他说太阳比地球大。
【例3】 The official said that they ________ a new law to protect the tourists the next year.(2013，上海)
A．makes B．would make
C．made D．have made解析：主句的谓语动词said是过去式，因此从句也应用过去的某种时态，由时间状语the next year可知应用过去将来时。
答案：__B__
【例4】 —Can you tell me ________ the prize，Tom?
—Last year.
A．when you got B．when did you get
C．when will you get D．when you will get
解析：宾语从句的语序须是陈述句语序，排除B、C项；由答句last year可知从句的时态为一般过去时。
答案：__A__
高频考向三 宾语从句的语序
?含有宾语从句的复合句中，宾语从句要使用陈述语序，即“引导词＋主语＋谓语＋其他”。如：I want to know when the train left.我想知道火车什么时候离开的。
注意：①有些特殊疑问句本身是陈述句语序。如：
What's wrong with…？/Which is the way to…？
/ What happened to you…？
/What's the matter/trouble…？
/Who studies the hardest in your class?
②do you think后接宾语从句时，特殊疑问词即引导词要前置，do you think作为插入语。如：
Who do you think he is talking with？你认为他正在和谁交谈？
?由do，does，did构成的疑问句，在转换成宾语从句时，要去掉do，does，did，且从句中的谓语动词要根据主句时态作出相应的变化。如：
Does he sing well？The music teacher asked him.
→The music teacher asked him if(whether)he sang well.这个音乐老师想知道他唱得是否好。
?如果是will，be，have，can组成的疑问句，在变为宾语从句时，要把这些词还原到句中原来的谓语位置上，并根据主句的时态作相应的变化。如：Will you be free tomorrow？She asked me.
→She asked me if(whether) I would be free tomorrow.她问我明天是否是空闲的。
【例5】 —Hi，Bruce.Here is a letter for you.
—Thanks.I wonder ________.(2013，滨州)(2012，武汉)
A．who the letter was from
B．who was from the letter
C．who was the letter from
D．who from the letter was
解析：宾语从句应用陈述语序，即be动词、助动词和情态动词都应放在主语后，在此宾语从句中，主语是the letter，谓语was from应放在主语后，故排除选项B和C；选项D将from置于主语前，是错误的。句意“嗨，布鲁斯。这儿有你的一封信”“谢谢。我想知道这封信是谁寄来的。”
答案：__A__【例6】 —Can you tell me ________ this morning?
—Sorry，I've no idea.(2012，桂林)
A．why didn't Daming come to school
B．why Daming didn't come to school
C．why doesn't Daming come to school
D．why Daming doesn't come to school
解析：由this morning可知事情发生在过去，故排除C、D两项；宾语从句应用陈述句语序。
答案：__B__
高频考向四 宾语从句的否定前移
在宾语从句中，当主句的谓语动词为think，believe，expect，imagine，suppose等时，如果主句为I或we时，从句中表示否定意义的not应移到think，believe，expect，imagine，suppose等前。如：I don't suppose he will come.我猜他不会来。
注意：如果主句主语不是I或we，则not不前移。如：
She thinks she can't arrive there on time.她认为她不能按时到那儿。
【例7】 翻译：我认为明天不会下雨。
I__don't__think__it__will__rain__tomorrow.
高频考向五 宾语从句的转化
①当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且谓语动词是hope，wish，decide等时，从句可转化为不定式结构。如：
I hope that I can see you again.
＝I hope to see you again.我希望能再次见到你。②当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且谓语动词是know，remember，forget，learn等时，从句可转化为“疑问词＋不定式”结构。如：
I don't know what I should say.
＝I don't know what to say.我不知道该说什么。
③当主句的谓语动词是ask，tell，show，teach等，且宾语从句的主语和主句的间接宾语一致时，从句可转化为“不定式结构”或“疑问词＋不定式”结构。如：
Mr.Hu tells us that we shouldn't draw on the wall.
＝Mr.Hu tells us not to draw on the wall.胡老师告诉我们不应该在墙上画画。
Will you please tell me where I can buy stamps?
＝Will you please tell me where to buy stamps？请告诉我在哪儿能买到邮票？④有些宾语从句可转化为复合宾语结构，常用动词find，think，make。如：
I think it is necessary for us to learn to wait.
＝I think it necessary for us to learn to wait.
I find she is a good girl.＝I find her a good girl.
⑤由what引导的宾语从句可转化为定语从句。如：
We did what we could to help you.
＝We did everything (that) we could to help you.
Robert saw what Mr.Smith did.
＝Robert saw everything (that) Mr.Smith did.
【例8】 将下列句子改为简单句。
The teacher told the boy he shouldn't spend too much time playing games.(2012，随州)
解析：主句的谓语动词是tell，宾语从句的主语是主句的间接宾语，故从句可简化为不定式结构：tell sb.not to do sth.。
答案：The__teacher__told__the__boy__not__to__spend__too__much__time__playing__games.
一、单项选择。
1．It will ________ several years to learn English well.(2013.绥化)
A．cost B．take C．spend
2．If we Chinese work hard together.China Dream will ________．(2013，遂宁)
A．come out B．come true C．achieve
3．—What can we do to ________ bird flu from spreading?
—Try not to buy or eat chickens that have not been checked.(2013，泉州)
A．prevent B．cause C．discover
4．Boy，your books are everywhere.Please ________．(2013，株洲)
A．put them up B．put them on
C．put them away
5．—The fire was finally ________ in Jilin province on June 3 Unfortunately，119 people lost their lives.
—I hope the accident like this won't happen again.(2013，咸宁)
A．put down B．put away
C．put out D．put up
