考点跟踪突破44 词汇运用
一、单词拼写。
1．Collecting stamps is one of my h________(爱好)．
2．If you want to sell your p________(产品)，you must advertise it.
3．My favorite subject at school is s________(科学)．
4．The copy of Evangeline has many h________(有帮助的) notes at the back.
5．Have you ever e________(经历)such kind of embarrassing situation.
6．We p________(种植)lots of trees around the school last month.Now they grow well.
7．Xinjiang food t________(尝起来)delicious.Most people like eating.
8．Please be c________(小心的)when you cross the street.
9．It's very dangerous to d________(驾驭)after you drink wine.
10．If your dream comes t________(真的)，you must be happy.
11．Leo has no sisters or brothers.He is the o________(只，仅仅)child in his family.
12．Thank you very much for i________(邀请)me to your birthday party.
13．Chinese people are supposed to shake h________(手)when they meet for the first time.
14．There is little time left.We have to walk q________(迅速地)to get there on time.
15．October is the t________(第十)month in a year.
16．Ted is so b________(忙的)that he has no time to watch TV in the evenings.
17．I can't understand what you said.Please speak more s________(慢地)．
18．It is very cold and snowy in D________(十二月)in Harbin every year.
19．Mary likes reading very much.She often borrows some books from the l________(图书馆)．
20．Many people like Wang Fei's songs because she has a sweet v________(声音)．
21．Do you know the c________(首都)of America?
22．It's not s________(令人惊讶的)that many tourists come to visit Shanghai every year.
23．My little brother is fond of making all kinds of plane m________(模型)．
24．This is the f________(第五)letter she has received this week.
25．I can't find the exact words to d________(描述)her beauty.
26．Mary likes telling jokes.She is really a f________(有趣的) girl.
27．He n________(点头)to me in greeting when I entered the room.
28．We are very p________(自豪)that a pupil from our school has won the prize.
29．They all hurried u________(往楼上)to see what was going on.
30．There was s________(沉默)for a moment and then someone made a useful suggestion.
31．Miss Yang is very kind and f________(友好的)to her students.
32．You will r________(意识到)the mistake you made today in future.
33．A person m________(精通)a foreign language by using it.
34．It is said that the teacher has done his very best to e________(教育)and help him.
35．He likes watching movies，e________(尤其)movies made in America.
36．Could you tell me the h________(高度)of Qomolangma?
37．Don't make any n________(噪音)when you are in the class.
38．He spends more than an hour e________(锻炼)every day.
39．Betty worked every hard.At last she a________(实现)her goal.
40．After the accident，she could h________(几乎不)speak.
第44讲 词汇运用
中考热身
1．free 2.voice 3.saves 4.list 5.knock
解题技法
1．gift 2.polite 3.joined 4.skills 5.paper
活学活用
1．safe 2.chalk 3.strict 4.invited 5carry
实战强化
1．patient 2.teeth 3.kept 4.lazy
5．influenced 6.improved 7.repairing 8.correct
9．friendship 10.mistakes 11.work 12.interested
13．prevent 14.address 15.population 16.parts 17.tomatoes 18.telling 19.running 20.stopped 21.dream 22.secret 23.promised 24.improve
25．waste 26.wants 27.named 28.ticket 29.taken
30．Listening
课件15张PPT。聚焦中考——英语（普版）第44讲
完成句子一、根据中文意思完成句子。(2013，北京)
1．你最好买一本英语词典。
You'd__better buy an English dictionary.
2．我爸爸过去常常开车上班，现在坐公交车了。
My father used__to go to work by car, but now he takes the bus.
3．大家正盼望着暑假呢。
We are__looking__forward__to the summer holiday.
4．我一读完这本书就还给你。
I will return the book to you as__soon__as__I__finish__(reading) it.
5．北京园博园每天下午六点才关门。
Beijing Garden Expo Parks aren't__closed__until/don't__close__until six o'clock in the afternoon every day.二、句型转换。(2013，兰州)
6．The boy has been to the U．S.A. twice．(对画线部分提问)
How many times has the boy been to the U．S.A.?
7．Mom felt tired after she cooked for the whole family.(改为简单句)
Mom felt tired after cooking for the whole family.
8．Mr.Brown and his wife have been married for 20 years.(改为同义句)
Mr.Brown and his wife got married 20 years ago.
9．Lisa didn't hang out with her friends yesterday.(改为肯定句)
Lisa hung out with her friends yesterday.
10．Some reporters are interviewing a government official on traffic problems now.(改为被动语态)
A government official is being interviewed by some reporters on traffic problems now.完成句子包含了对词汇、语法、句型等各方面的考查。它不仅考查考生的语言基本功，即对词汇的记忆并拼写能力和理解能力，还考查考生在具体语境中灵活运用词汇知识和语法知识的能力。
纵观近几年中考试题，对句子的考查常包括以下几种题型：①根据汉语提示完成句子；②连词成句；③翻译句子；④句型转换。
1．根据汉语提示完成句子或翻译句子的解题技巧
在解题之前，首先应该做到以下几点：
①熟记单词和词组。牢固的词汇基础是攻克翻译题的关键。
②要熟悉各种句型。尤其对常用句型要做到熟记于心，脱口而出，只有这样才能对其灵活运用。
③要熟练掌握语法知识。只有具备扎实的语法知识才能写出正确的英文句子。
那么，如何才能做好各种翻译题呢？①认真审题。要先分析所给汉语句子，了解这个句子所要表达的意思，联想相关的英语词汇和句型。
②仔细推敲，考虑语法现象。在对句子进行翻译之前，要确定该句用什么时态、什么语态并考虑人称和数的变化问题。
③理清思路，判断句子结构。要先看清楚符合哪种句型，然后就可套用这种句型来完成试题。若是补全句子，则要清楚句子缺的是什么成分。有的句子是复合句，主要考查其中的固定搭配，如：so...that...句型，too...to...句型等。
④注意英汉差异和缩写词。英汉的表达方式有着很大的不同，要注意词与词之间的排序，要杜绝汉语式英语，还要注意缩写词应看作一个单词。
⑤仔细检查。翻译完成后，要仔细进行检查，核查大小写、标点符号，以及单词的书写、时态、语态、词性、单复数等方面是否正确。
2．按要求转换句型的解题技巧
①吃透原句。在答题时首先要弄清所给句子的句型结构、主语的人称和数、谓语动词的形式以及全句的意思。
②明确要求。要看清题目的要求，弄懂题意，不要盲目动笔。
③对“症”下“药”。即针对不同的要求采用不同的方法。
3．连词成句的解题技巧
这是完成句子题中比较简单的一种题型，做题时首先要明白所给词的词义并认真体会它们要传达的信息，然后确定好主语及谓语动词并按照正确的语法结构连词成句，注意句式、大小写及标点符号。
【例1】根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子。(每空限填一词)(2013，广州)
1．离开教室时请关灯。
Please ________ ________ the lights when you leave the classroom.
2．踢完足球后，他太兴奋了睡不着。
After the football game, he was ________ excited ________ sleep.
3．你的手好脏啊！快去洗！
________ ________ your hands are! Go and wash them now!
4．在中国到处都有人打羽毛球。
In China, badminton ________ ________ everywhere.
5．你知道在哪里买这种邮票吗？
Do you know ________ ________ ________ this kind of stamp?
解析：1.turn off和switch off都意为“关上”。
2．too...to...意为“太……而不能……”。
3．本题考查感叹句。句子重点强调“脏的(dirty)”，即中心词是形容词，因此用how引导感叹句。
4．本题考查被动语态。由句意可知是一般现在时，且badminton是动词play的承受者，因此用一般现在时的被动语态。5．本题考查“疑问词＋不定式”结构。询问地点疑问词用where。where to buy “在哪里买”，作动词know的宾语。
答案：1.turn__off/switch__off 2.too to
3．How__ dirty 4.is played
5．where to buy
【例2】根据要求完成下列句子。(每空一词)(2013，乌鲁木齐)
1．I think that it is important to learn English well.(改为简单句)
I think ________ ________ to learn English well.
2．Kate is the cleverest girl in her class.(改为同义句)
Kate is cleverer than ________ ________ girl in her class.
3．I enjoy rock music because__it__is__exciting．(对画线部分提问)
________ do ________ enjoy rock music?
4．She asked me ，“Do you know when to go to Xinjiang Exhibition Center？”(改为间接引语)She asked me ________ I ________ when to go to Xinjiang Exhibition Center.
5．I borrowed some interesting books from my friend.(改为同义句)
My friend ________ some interesting books ________ me.
解析：1.动词think后可接宾语从句，也可以用it作形式宾语，动词不定式短语作真正的宾语。
2．“凯特是她班上最聪明的女孩”与“凯特比她班里的其他任何一个女孩都聪明”意思相同。“any other＋单数名词”意为“其他任何一个……”。
3．提问原因用疑问词why.
4．直接引语是一般疑问句，变间接引语时，要用if/whether引导，还应把疑问语序改为陈述语序；主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句的谓语动词也要改为相应的过去时态。
5．borrow sth. from sb.意为“向某人借某物”；lend sth. to sb.意为“把某物借给某人”。“我向朋友借了一些有趣的书”即“我的朋友借给我一些有趣的书”。
答案：1.it__ important__ 2.any__ other__
3．Why__ you__ 4.if/whether__ knew__
5．lent__ to__一、根据所给中文意思完成句子，每空限填一词。(2013，天津)
1．熊猫主要以竹子为食。
Pandas mainly live on bamboo.
2．托尼的书在2012年出版了。
Tony's book came out in 2012.
3．开始我不太喜欢这个工作。
I didn't like the job very much at first．
4．我想去澳大利亚观光。
I'd like to go sightseeing in Australia.
5．全世界人民热爱和平。
People all over the world love peace.二、完成句子。根据所给汉语意思，用单词或短语完成下列英文句子。(2013，陕西)
6．他需要一个安静的房间休息。
He needs a quiet__room to have a rest.
7．我们不仅要学习现代科技，还要关注传统文化。
We should not only learn the modern technology but also pay attention to traditional culture.
8．有些城市禁止在公共汽车上吃食物。
In some cities, it's not allowed to eat in__(on)__the__bus/in__(on)__a__bus/in__(on)__buses．
9．在你生气的时候请不要做任何决定。
Please don't make__a__decision/make__(any)__decisions when you are angry.
10．她在英语方面比她弟弟好得多。
She's much better__at English than her brother.
三、根据中文提示，用词组的适当形式填空，每空一词。(2013，福州)
11．It's bad behavior to spit in public (当众)。
12．Grandma usually wakes up (醒来) early in the morning.
13．His parents are strict with (对……严格要求) him.
14．Remember to turn off (关掉) the tap when you are not using it.
15．Just now (刚才), my teacher told me to pay attention to my handwriting.四、汉译英。把答案写在每小题后的横线上，必须用上所提供的单词或短语。(2013，枣庄)
16．他的父母不喜欢吃鸡肉。(like)
His__parents__don't__like__(to__eat)__chicken.
17．这些学生正在忙于观看中国和美国的足球赛。(be busy doing)
These__pupils/students__are__busy__watching__the__football__game/competition__between__China__and__the__U．S.__now.
18．我们的班主任对我们要求很严。(strict)
Our__head__teacher__is__very__strict__with__us.
19．那个女孩夏天通常穿一件红衬衫和一条黄裙子。(have on)
The__girl__usually__has__on__a__red__T-shirt__and__a__yellow__skirt__in__summer.20．谁能容忍这样糟糕的天气？(stand)
Who__can__stand__such__bad__weather?
五、根据汉语完成下列句子。每空一词。
21．在学习上我有和戴维一样的问题。
I have the same problems as David does in study.
22．我们发现学好英语很困难。
We find it difficult to learn English well.
23．你说得越多，犯的错误可能就越多。
The more you talk，the more mistakes you may make.
24．昨晚他太激动，难以入睡。
He was too excited to fall asleep last night.
25．我宁愿乘坐最慢的火车，也不乘飞机去那里。I would rather take the slowest train than go there by air.
26．他们在解那道数学题时遇到了一些麻烦。
They had some trouble in working out the math problem.
27．让老师生气的是，陈华上学又迟到了。
The teacher was angry that Chen Hua was late for school again.
六、根据汉语完成下列句子，每空词数不限。
28．你应该按时完成作业。
You should finish your homework ontime．
29．露西在回家的路上遇到了她的一位老朋友。
Lucy met one of her old friends on__her__way home.
30．北京以其名胜古迹而闻名世界。
Beijing is__famous__for its places of interest in the world.
31．李平年轻的时候对集邮感兴趣。
Li Ping was__interested__in collecting stamps when he was young.
32．农民把快枯死的树砍倒，并栽上了小树。
The farmers cut__down the dying trees and planted some young ones.
33．最近我几乎没有时间参加户外活动。
These days I hardly have time to take__part__in outdoor activities.34．据报道有4人在那次事故中丧生。
It's__reported__that four people were killed in that accident.
35．张老师不仅是我们的老师，而且也是我们的朋友。
Mr Zhang is not__only our teacher but__also our friend.
七、将所给单词连成句子。要求符合语法，语句通顺，大小写正确，单词不得重复使用，标点已给出。(2013，河北)
36．do, a , have, you, ruler
Do__you__have__a__ruler?
37．nice, the, taste, noodles
The__noodles__taste__nice．
38．far, the, how, museum，is
How__far__is__the__museum?
39．pens, those, her, pass, black
Pass__her__those__black__pens．
40．match, a, now, be, TV, football, there, on
There__is__a__football__match__on__TV__now/Now__there__is__a__football__match__on__TV．
