人教版（2019） 必修第二册Unit 4 History and Traditions词汇课件（28张ppt）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019） 必修第二册Unit 4 History and Traditions词汇课件（28张ppt） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2023-02-22 09:34:19 | ||
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(共28张PPT)
U4 History and Traditions
重点单词课件
individual
(1) adj.单独的,个别的
A teacher can’t give________attention to each student if his class is large.
如果班上的人数多，老师不能给予学生个人辅导.
(2)n.个人
The contribution is open to both teams and ________.
团队和个人均可捐款。
例题：
他们等待团体做出决定而不是各自做出决定。
They wait for group to decide rather than make_______decisions.
individually adv.分别地，单独地，个别地
individual
individuals
individual
Achilles' Heel 致命的弱点
阿喀琉斯之踵（Achilles' Heel），原指阿喀琉斯的脚后跟，因是其身体唯一一处没有浸泡到冥河水的地方，成为他唯一的弱点。阿喀琉斯后来在特洛伊战争中被毒箭射中脚踝而丧命。现引申为致命的弱点、要害。
阿喀琉斯，是凡人英雄珀琉斯和海洋女神忒提斯的爱子。忒提斯为了让儿子炼成“金钟罩”，在他刚出生时就将其倒提着浸进冥河。遗憾的是，阿喀琉斯被母亲捏住的脚后跟却不慎露在水外，在全身留下了唯一一处“死穴”。后来，阿喀琉斯被帕里斯一箭射中脚踝而死去。后人常以“阿喀琉斯之踵”譬喻这样一个道理：即使是再强大的英雄，也有致命的死穴或软肋。
hold on
(1)（在困境或危险中）坚持住,挺住
They managed to________until help arrived.他们设法坚持到救援的到来。
（电话用语）别挂断，等一下
Can you hold on I’ll see if he is here.
翻译：______________________________
（3）抓紧，不放开（后接to sth.,）
Hold on ____my hand when crossing the road.
hold on
to
与hold有关的短语
hold back阻挡；妨碍进展；隐瞒；控制（感情）
hold off（雨或风暴）延迟；推迟；克服
hold down保住工作，限制（尤指噪声）
hold up 支持住；举起；阻碍
hold out坚持，维持，伸出手
catch/get hold of抓住，握住
单据语法填空
1.She just managed to hold_____her anger.
2.Hold_____for a minute while I get my breath back.
3. Can you hold ____the store for some minutes.
4.She held _____both her hands to show her welcome.
back
on
up
out
except
prep.除...以外
Except the Will wich says to them：“hold on”只有意志告诉你坚持。
He has no special fault except that he smokes to much.
他除了抽烟太多之外，没有什么特别的毛病。
根据汉语提示完成句子
1.Everything was perfect for the picnic________(除了) the weather.
2.I wouldn’t have accepted anything __________（除了）a job in Europe.
3._________（除了）working as a doctor，he also writes novels in his spare time.
except(for) 2.except 3.Besides
confused
adj.感到困惑的，用来形容人
搭配：be confused by/ about对...感到困惑
People are _______by all the different labels on food these days.
人们如今被那些五花八门的食物标签搞得稀里糊涂。confused
They were confused about his conduct.
他们对他的行为感到困惑.
confusing 令人困惑的，修饰事物
The instructions on the box are very________.
盒子上的使用说明令人很困惑. confusing
The_______look on her face suggested she was_____about the______instructions.
她脸上困惑的表情表明她对那些令人费解的说明感到困惑.
confused confused confusing
单句语法填空
1.I would often get______(confuse) when I came across new words with similar spellings.
2. I was getting______(confuse) by such a_____(confuse) problem.
3.Jane kept moving, but the farther she walked,the_____(confuse)she became.
1.confused 2.confused，confusing 3.more confused
nearby
adj.附近的，在句中可作定语，修饰名词。nearby可作副词，”在附近”
He lives nearby.
他住在附近.
The entrance to the temple is nearby.
寺庙的入口就在附近.
near(1) adv.在附近 （2）adj.接近的 （3）介词 在...附近
Tell me the ______way to the hospital.
告诉我去医院最近的路. nearest
They live near the city centre.
他们住在市中心附近。
Our school is ______.It takes me five minutes to get there.
nearby
break away from 脱离;背叛;逃脱
The deer _____ away from the hunter and rushed out into the forest.
与break相关的短语
break out 爆发;突然发生 break into 破门而入；强行闯入；突然开始...
break through 突破；冲破 break down失败；垮掉；发生故障
break up 粉碎；结束；解散
与break相关短语填空
1.Many bands ________because of personality clashes between the numbers.
2.The thief ___________my house and stole my money.
3.Our plans have_________due to the bad management.
4.The prisoner___________the policeman and escaped.
5.When the fire __________，many people were shopping in the surpermarket.
1.break up 2.broke into 3.broken down 4.broke away from 5.broke out
broke
result in 导致，造成
The cyclone has ________(result) in many thousands of deaths.
飓风已经造成了成千上万的人死亡。 resulted
拓展：result 作名词和动词时所构成的短语
1.as a result of由于；作为...的结果
2.without result 毫无结果；徒劳
What he did was like a shot in the dark without result.
他所做的事情是瞎猜乱想，不会有结果的。
3.result from起因于
4.as a result 结果，因此
用result的相关短语填空
1._____________the warm air coming,the weather here becomes warmer and warmer.
2.We all thought that his success ___________working hard enough.
3.The accident__________thousands of deathes.
1.As a result of 2.resulted from 3.resulted in
belong to
1.属于
The black car _______him。那辆黑色的车是他的。
belongs
2.是...的成员
Have you ever_______(belong) to a political party
你加入过什么政党吗？
belonged
注意：belong to不用于进行时态和被动语态；to为介词，后面跟宾格形式的带
刺或名词作宾语。其现在分词形式可以作定语
China is a country ________(belong) to the Third World.
belonging
All the workers_______(belong)to the factory must obey the rules.
belonging
拓展：belong vi.应该待在某处
belongings n.财产，所有物
After getting off， please check whether your _______are left on the drifting boat.
下船后，请检查一下自己的财物是否落在了漂流艇上。
单句语法填空
1. This interesting book belongs to_____(her).
2.Mr Smith,_______whom the car belongs，lends it to his friend generously.
1.her 2.to
as well as
注意：as well as前后连接的虽然是两个并列成分，但强调的重点在前面，翻译时先翻译后面再翻译前面。
Living things need air and sunshine as well as water.
生物不仅需要水，还需要空气和阳光。
2.as well as用于连接主语时，谓语动词要和as well as前的主语在数上保持一致。
She，as well as，I ___an English teacher.
她和我一样，都是英语老师。 is
as well as, along with, together with等连接的名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词与其
前面的名词或代词保持一致。它们的意思是: “和”。
小题集训单句语法填空
(1) Lily as well as her parents____(be) very fond of classical
music.
(2) We are painting the walls as well as____(repair) the roof.
(3) Amy, as well as her brothers,____(give) a warm welcome
when returning to the village last week.
答案(1) is(2) repairing(3) was given
surround
(1） vt. 围绕；包围
搭配surround… with… 用…… 环绕……
be surrounded by/with...被……围绕/环绕
The house is surrounded by/with green trees.这所房子被绿树环绕。
surrounding adj.周围的
surroundings n.环境
_________(surround) by lovely Children, the teacher wore a smile on her face.
Surrounded
puzzle [ p zl]: n. 谜;智力游戏;疑问
v. 迷惑;使困惑
puzzling: adj. 令人迷惑的/困惑的
puzzled: adj. (人感到)困惑的;迷惑不解的
a word puzzle: 字谜
join ... to... 把......和......连接或联结起来
joined efforts 共同的努力
legal ['li:ɡl] adj. 法律的;合法的
legally adv. 法律上;合法地
illegal [ li:gl]: adj. 不合法的;违法的
illegally adv. 不法地
law n. 法律
defence [d fens ]: n. 防御;保卫
in defence （of）为了保护...
defend [d fend ]: v. 防御;保卫
defend against 抵御，防卫
achievement [ 't i:vm nt]: n. 成就;成绩;达到
a sense of achievement成就感
achieve : v. 取得; 获得; 实现; 成功
achieve one’s success取得成功
achieve one’s goal达到目标
It takes hard works________(achieve) the final success.
to achieve
location [l ke n ]: n. 地方;地点;位置
destination: n. 目的地
locate : v. 使位于;确定准确地点
be located in/at/to…: 位于;坐落在
The factory _______ at the foot of a hill.
is located
approach [ pr t ]:
n.方法;途径; 接近; 道路
v. 接近; 接洽; 着手处理; 靠近
an approach to (doing) sth…:
(做) 什么的方法
charge
（1）vt. 收费；控告；充电搭配
charge sb with sth 使某人承担责任（或任务) （通常用于被动语态）charge (sb) for sth为某事(向某人)收费;要价
charge sb with (doing) sth 指控某人(做了)某事
She charged me two dollars for surfing the Internet.
她向我收取两美元的上网费
（2） n. 收费；指控；主管搭配
in sb's charge = in the charge of sb 由……主管(含被动含义，主语是动作的承受者）
take charge of 掌管；控制
free of charge 免费
He took charge of the farm after his father's death.
在他父亲去世后他掌管了农场。
Delivery is free of charge.免费送货货。
小题集训单句语法填空
(1) He charged me five yuan for______(repair) my bike.
(2) I didn't understand why this would happen and my credit card had already been charged______the reservation.
答案(1) repairing (2) for
U4 History and Traditions
重点单词课件
individual
(1) adj.单独的,个别的
A teacher can’t give________attention to each student if his class is large.
如果班上的人数多，老师不能给予学生个人辅导.
(2)n.个人
The contribution is open to both teams and ________.
团队和个人均可捐款。
例题：
他们等待团体做出决定而不是各自做出决定。
They wait for group to decide rather than make_______decisions.
individually adv.分别地，单独地，个别地
individual
individuals
individual
Achilles' Heel 致命的弱点
阿喀琉斯之踵（Achilles' Heel），原指阿喀琉斯的脚后跟，因是其身体唯一一处没有浸泡到冥河水的地方，成为他唯一的弱点。阿喀琉斯后来在特洛伊战争中被毒箭射中脚踝而丧命。现引申为致命的弱点、要害。
阿喀琉斯，是凡人英雄珀琉斯和海洋女神忒提斯的爱子。忒提斯为了让儿子炼成“金钟罩”，在他刚出生时就将其倒提着浸进冥河。遗憾的是，阿喀琉斯被母亲捏住的脚后跟却不慎露在水外，在全身留下了唯一一处“死穴”。后来，阿喀琉斯被帕里斯一箭射中脚踝而死去。后人常以“阿喀琉斯之踵”譬喻这样一个道理：即使是再强大的英雄，也有致命的死穴或软肋。
hold on
(1)（在困境或危险中）坚持住,挺住
They managed to________until help arrived.他们设法坚持到救援的到来。
（电话用语）别挂断，等一下
Can you hold on I’ll see if he is here.
翻译：______________________________
（3）抓紧，不放开（后接to sth.,）
Hold on ____my hand when crossing the road.
hold on
to
与hold有关的短语
hold back阻挡；妨碍进展；隐瞒；控制（感情）
hold off（雨或风暴）延迟；推迟；克服
hold down保住工作，限制（尤指噪声）
hold up 支持住；举起；阻碍
hold out坚持，维持，伸出手
catch/get hold of抓住，握住
单据语法填空
1.She just managed to hold_____her anger.
2.Hold_____for a minute while I get my breath back.
3. Can you hold ____the store for some minutes.
4.She held _____both her hands to show her welcome.
back
on
up
out
except
prep.除...以外
Except the Will wich says to them：“hold on”只有意志告诉你坚持。
He has no special fault except that he smokes to much.
他除了抽烟太多之外，没有什么特别的毛病。
根据汉语提示完成句子
1.Everything was perfect for the picnic________(除了) the weather.
2.I wouldn’t have accepted anything __________（除了）a job in Europe.
3._________（除了）working as a doctor，he also writes novels in his spare time.
except(for) 2.except 3.Besides
confused
adj.感到困惑的，用来形容人
搭配：be confused by/ about对...感到困惑
People are _______by all the different labels on food these days.
人们如今被那些五花八门的食物标签搞得稀里糊涂。confused
They were confused about his conduct.
他们对他的行为感到困惑.
confusing 令人困惑的，修饰事物
The instructions on the box are very________.
盒子上的使用说明令人很困惑. confusing
The_______look on her face suggested she was_____about the______instructions.
她脸上困惑的表情表明她对那些令人费解的说明感到困惑.
confused confused confusing
单句语法填空
1.I would often get______(confuse) when I came across new words with similar spellings.
2. I was getting______(confuse) by such a_____(confuse) problem.
3.Jane kept moving, but the farther she walked,the_____(confuse)she became.
1.confused 2.confused，confusing 3.more confused
nearby
adj.附近的，在句中可作定语，修饰名词。nearby可作副词，”在附近”
He lives nearby.
他住在附近.
The entrance to the temple is nearby.
寺庙的入口就在附近.
near(1) adv.在附近 （2）adj.接近的 （3）介词 在...附近
Tell me the ______way to the hospital.
告诉我去医院最近的路. nearest
They live near the city centre.
他们住在市中心附近。
Our school is ______.It takes me five minutes to get there.
nearby
break away from 脱离;背叛;逃脱
The deer _____ away from the hunter and rushed out into the forest.
与break相关的短语
break out 爆发;突然发生 break into 破门而入；强行闯入；突然开始...
break through 突破；冲破 break down失败；垮掉；发生故障
break up 粉碎；结束；解散
与break相关短语填空
1.Many bands ________because of personality clashes between the numbers.
2.The thief ___________my house and stole my money.
3.Our plans have_________due to the bad management.
4.The prisoner___________the policeman and escaped.
5.When the fire __________，many people were shopping in the surpermarket.
1.break up 2.broke into 3.broken down 4.broke away from 5.broke out
broke
result in 导致，造成
The cyclone has ________(result) in many thousands of deaths.
飓风已经造成了成千上万的人死亡。 resulted
拓展：result 作名词和动词时所构成的短语
1.as a result of由于；作为...的结果
2.without result 毫无结果；徒劳
What he did was like a shot in the dark without result.
他所做的事情是瞎猜乱想，不会有结果的。
3.result from起因于
4.as a result 结果，因此
用result的相关短语填空
1._____________the warm air coming,the weather here becomes warmer and warmer.
2.We all thought that his success ___________working hard enough.
3.The accident__________thousands of deathes.
1.As a result of 2.resulted from 3.resulted in
belong to
1.属于
The black car _______him。那辆黑色的车是他的。
belongs
2.是...的成员
Have you ever_______(belong) to a political party
你加入过什么政党吗？
belonged
注意：belong to不用于进行时态和被动语态；to为介词，后面跟宾格形式的带
刺或名词作宾语。其现在分词形式可以作定语
China is a country ________(belong) to the Third World.
belonging
All the workers_______(belong)to the factory must obey the rules.
belonging
拓展：belong vi.应该待在某处
belongings n.财产，所有物
After getting off， please check whether your _______are left on the drifting boat.
下船后，请检查一下自己的财物是否落在了漂流艇上。
单句语法填空
1. This interesting book belongs to_____(her).
2.Mr Smith,_______whom the car belongs，lends it to his friend generously.
1.her 2.to
as well as
注意：as well as前后连接的虽然是两个并列成分，但强调的重点在前面，翻译时先翻译后面再翻译前面。
Living things need air and sunshine as well as water.
生物不仅需要水，还需要空气和阳光。
2.as well as用于连接主语时，谓语动词要和as well as前的主语在数上保持一致。
She，as well as，I ___an English teacher.
她和我一样，都是英语老师。 is
as well as, along with, together with等连接的名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词与其
前面的名词或代词保持一致。它们的意思是: “和”。
小题集训单句语法填空
(1) Lily as well as her parents____(be) very fond of classical
music.
(2) We are painting the walls as well as____(repair) the roof.
(3) Amy, as well as her brothers,____(give) a warm welcome
when returning to the village last week.
答案(1) is(2) repairing(3) was given
surround
(1） vt. 围绕；包围
搭配surround… with… 用…… 环绕……
be surrounded by/with...被……围绕/环绕
The house is surrounded by/with green trees.这所房子被绿树环绕。
surrounding adj.周围的
surroundings n.环境
_________(surround) by lovely Children, the teacher wore a smile on her face.
Surrounded
puzzle [ p zl]: n. 谜;智力游戏;疑问
v. 迷惑;使困惑
puzzling: adj. 令人迷惑的/困惑的
puzzled: adj. (人感到)困惑的;迷惑不解的
a word puzzle: 字谜
join ... to... 把......和......连接或联结起来
joined efforts 共同的努力
legal ['li:ɡl] adj. 法律的;合法的
legally adv. 法律上;合法地
illegal [ li:gl]: adj. 不合法的;违法的
illegally adv. 不法地
law n. 法律
defence [d fens ]: n. 防御;保卫
in defence （of）为了保护...
defend [d fend ]: v. 防御;保卫
defend against 抵御，防卫
achievement [ 't i:vm nt]: n. 成就;成绩;达到
a sense of achievement成就感
achieve : v. 取得; 获得; 实现; 成功
achieve one’s success取得成功
achieve one’s goal达到目标
It takes hard works________(achieve) the final success.
to achieve
location [l ke n ]: n. 地方;地点;位置
destination: n. 目的地
locate : v. 使位于;确定准确地点
be located in/at/to…: 位于;坐落在
The factory _______ at the foot of a hill.
is located
approach [ pr t ]:
n.方法;途径; 接近; 道路
v. 接近; 接洽; 着手处理; 靠近
an approach to (doing) sth…:
(做) 什么的方法
charge
（1）vt. 收费；控告；充电搭配
charge sb with sth 使某人承担责任（或任务) （通常用于被动语态）charge (sb) for sth为某事(向某人)收费;要价
charge sb with (doing) sth 指控某人(做了)某事
She charged me two dollars for surfing the Internet.
她向我收取两美元的上网费
（2） n. 收费；指控；主管搭配
in sb's charge = in the charge of sb 由……主管(含被动含义，主语是动作的承受者）
take charge of 掌管；控制
free of charge 免费
He took charge of the farm after his father's death.
在他父亲去世后他掌管了农场。
Delivery is free of charge.免费送货货。
小题集训单句语法填空
(1) He charged me five yuan for______(repair) my bike.
(2) I didn't understand why this would happen and my credit card had already been charged______the reservation.
答案(1) repairing (2) for