人教版（2019） 选择性必修第二册 Unit 1 Science and Scientists Words and Expressions 课件(共32张PPT)

(共32张PPT)
选必二 Unit 1
1. die from
It shocked me to hear that he died from a severe disease.
die away (声音、光线等)减弱(以致觉察不到);淡化
The noise of the car died away in the distance.
The breeze has died away.
die down 逐渐减弱、降低;察觉不到
The flame /storm/ pain was dying down.
火焰越来越小。/ 风暴渐渐减弱。/ 疼痛逐渐消失。
These rumors will soon die down.
这些谣言不久就会逐渐消失。
die out ①(物种)死光;灭绝
②(习俗、做法等)消失; 过时
The old traditions are dying out. 旧传统正在消失。
注：
die died died dying
拓展考点：
撒谎 lie lied lied lying
躺，位于 lie lay lain lying
下蛋，搁置 lay laid laid laying
2. such …that…. / so… that… (结果状语从句)
课文句子再现：
The cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.
练习：
The house is so expensive ____ I cant afford to buy it.
It is ___ fine a day that we can go swimming.
It is ____ a fine day that …
They are _____ excellent competitors that they think out a solution to tackling the challenging problem.
that
so
such
such
such...that 和 so...that 的区别
so +adj+a/an+ 单数名词+that
such +a/an+adj+单数名词+that
eg:
This is so amazing a song that he has listened to it many times.
=This is such an amazing song that he has listened to it many times.
3. frustrate frustration n. 挫败，障碍
vt.阻止做/妨碍;使失败;是沮丧；使灰心
Bad weather frustrated plans to launch the spacecraft today.
Lack of appreciation frustrated Mary.
Mary was frustrated by lack of appreciation.
be / get frustrated by...
a frustrating result
Every job has its frustrations.
每种工作都有让人不称心的地方。
4. suspect n. vt. 相信;认为；怀疑 suspection n.
suspect sth.
suspect sb1. / sth1. (to be) sb2. / sth2
suspect sb. of (doing) sth.
Most people don’t, I suspect, realize this.
我想大多数人是意识不到这一点的。
I strongly suspect that they are trying to get rid of me.
我强烈感觉他们要除掉我。
What she said sounded convincing, but I suspect it (to be) a lie.
她说的话听起来像那么回事，但我认为那是谎言。
What made you suspect her of having taken the money
你凭什么怀疑钱是他偷的？
5. blame v. n.
His mother blamed him for the failure of the exams.
blame sb for (doing) sth 因某事责备某人
sb be to blame (for…) 某人因...应受责备
The driver was to blame for the accident.
She was in no way to blame.
绝不应该责备她。
If you fail the exam you will only have yourself to blame.
你若考试不及格，只能怪自己。
put / lay the blame (for sth.) on sb
把某事归咎于某人
6. purely adv. pure adj.完全的，纯粹的，纯洁的
purely by accident
纯属偶然；完全/仅仅是意外
He bought it purely as an investment.
他完全/仅仅是作为投资购买的。
7. decrease vt. vi. n. increase vt. vi. n.
decrease to … 反义
decrease by …
decrease from … to …
on the decrease 正在减少;在下降
a (visible/ obvious) decrease in 在……方面减少
on the increase
an (sharp) increase in
Increasingly, people are realizing that our basic problems are not economic ones.
人们越来越认识到，我们的根本问题并非经济问题。increasingly difficult /important /popular
日益困难的/重要的/流行的
8. initial adj. initially adv.
the initial letter of a word
in the initial stages 在最初/创始阶段
His initial reaction was to refuse.
他最初的反应是拒绝。
She came initially to spend a few days, but in the end she stayed for a whole month.
severe [s 'v (r)]: adj. 极为恶劣的; 十分严重的; 严厉的
a severe winter 严冬
severe diseases 严重的疾病
severely adv.严重地；严格地，严厉地
a severely critical report
一篇措辞严厉的批评报道
This illness causes severe diarrhoea, dehydration, and even death.
suffer severe losses ________
The president came under _____________ (严厉的批评) for his inability to tackle the crisis.
His chest suffered ___________ (严重的伤害) in the accident.
A fire has ________ (severe) damaged the warehouse.
遭到惨败
severe criticism
severe injuries
severely
frustrated [fr 'stre t d]: adj. 懊恼的; 沮丧的; 失意的
feel frustrated 感到沮丧
be frustrated at/with/by　　因/对……灰心丧气
a frustrated artist 不得志的艺术家
As a young doctor, John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera.
①He was disabled from birth, but he never felt _______ (frustrate), nor did he give in to any difficulty.
②They felt frustrated _____ the lack of progress.
③A poor memory frustrated her efforts ________ (become) an actress.
frustrated
at/with
to become
contradictory [ k ntr 'd kt ri]
adj. 相互矛盾的; 对立的; 不一致的
(1)self contradictory 自相矛盾的
(2)contradict each other 互相矛盾
contradict sb. 与某人唱反调；反驳某人
(3)in contradiction to/with... 与……相矛盾/相反
contradiction between A and B A与B之间的矛盾
In general, doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread.
①We are faced with two apparently___________ (contradict) statements.
②People found this sort of _________ (contradict) reality hard to accept.
③He kept _________ (contradict) himself when we were arguing—I think he was a bit confused.
contradictory
contradictory
contradicting
infection [ n'fek n] n. 感染；传染
infect [ n'fekt] v. 使感染; 传染 infected adj.
have an infection 受到感染
suffer from an infection 患上感染/传染病
get/develop an infection 受到感染
the source of an infection 传染源
The other was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.
①White blood cells fight ________ (infect).
②Every year, there are people unlucky enough to be infected ____ the flu.
③Some people didn't bother about it because they didn't think they could ________ (infect).
infection
with
be infected
proof [pru f] n. 证据; 证明; 检验
the proof of... ……的证据/证明
have some proof that... 有一些证据……
provide/give proof of ... 提供...的证据/证明
proof of identity 身份证明
It was correct, but he still needed proof.
①They say they have scientific proof _____ the treatment works.
②Everyone has an ability to create proof ___ their talent, knowledge and skills.
③Proof ___ purchase must _________ (provide) before a refund can be made.
that
of
of
be provided
handle n．把手；拉手；柄　
vt.处理(＝deal with)；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物等)
(1)the handle of a knife 刀柄
(2)handle sth. well/perfectly/badly/poorly
处理某事好/完美/不好/很差
handle a problem 处理问题
He refused to allow his secretary to handle secret documents.
①The police are expert at ________ (handle) conflicts like this.
②Some people are brilliant with computers, but have no idea how _______ (handle) other people.
③____________ (转动把手) and you will open the safe.
handling
to handle
Turn the handle
link n．联系；纽带　vt.把……连接起来；相关联
(1)a link between A and B
A与B 之间的联系/纽带
(2)
把A与B连接/联系起来
link A with/to B
Is there a link between poverty and crime
①Regular air traffic links the city ______ the rest of the country.
②High unemployment is not necessarily linked _____ the rise in prices.
③There are a lot of wireless ____(link) in a radio.
④The television camera ________ (link) to a computer.
to/with
to/with
links
is linked
multiple adj.数量多的；多种多样的　n．倍数
a multiple crash 连环撞车
multiply A by B A乘以B
multiply five by three 五乘以三
multiplication table 乘法表
We must multiply our efforts to explore the future and seek truths.
①The director won ______ (multiply) awards for the movie.
②10 is a multiple ____5.
③If you multiply 7 _____3, you will get 21.
④Joy ________ (multiply) when it is ______ (share) among friends.
multiple
of
by
multiplies
shared
thinking n．思想；思维；见解
creative thinking 创造性思维
to my (way of) thinking 据我的观点，依我看
without thinking 不假思索
Immediately he begins to speak, his clear thinking will impress you.
①__________________ (在我看来), health is more important than anything else.
②________________ (独立思考) is a necessary skill for all leaders.
③The ________ (think) behind the campaign is to help people to realise the importance of environmental protection.
④Critical ________ (think) and creative ________ (think) are very important and necessary for a student in college.
To my way of thinking
Independent thinking
thinking
thinking
thinking
finding n．发现；调查结果；研究结果；(法律)判决
the findings of the survey 调查发现
fact finding 查明事实；实地调查
direction finding 测向；[电子]探向
What was the finding that Snow announced
①The ________ (find) ______ the committee will be published tomorrow.
②I'm moving, so I need boxes ________ my ________ (belong).
③He keeps all his ________ (save) in the bank.
findings
of
for
belongings
savings
solid adj.可靠的；固体的；坚实的　n．固体
a solid foundation 坚实的基础
solid waste 固体废料
solid ground 坚固的地面
liquids and solids 液体与固体
You should present solid evidence to prove your point.
①Ice is water ________ a solid state.
②Coal belongs ________ solid fuel.
③He laid ________________ (坚实的基础) for his future career.
in
to
a solid foundation
cast vt.(cast, cast)投射(光、影子等)；投掷　
n．投，抛(钓线)；(某戏剧或电影的)全体演员
cast a shadow over/on sth.
投下一片阴影，给……蒙上阴影
be cast down (by sth.) (因某事)沮丧，不愉快
cast back (to) 回想；追溯
He didn't want to cast a shadow on their happiness.
①The moon _____ (cast) bright light over the garden when I saw through the window.
②You may remember if you cast ______ for a few days.
③Anyone would ________ (cast) down by such news as that.
cast
back
be cast
shadow n．阴影；影子；背光处
cast a shadow 投影
in the shadows 在阴暗处
in the shadow of 在……阴影下
eye shadow 眼影，眼睑膏
Her father's illness had cast a shadow over the birth of her baby.
①Her face was _______________ (被暗影遮掩).
②Nothing would grow ______________ (在……的阴影里) the grey wall.
in deep shadow
in the shadow of
defend vt.保卫，保护；防御，防守；辩解；为……辩护
defend...from/against (doing)... 保护……免受……
defend oneself against sth.
保护自己不受……；为自己辩护
defend oneself 为自己辩护/辩解
defend one's argument 为某人的论点辩护
The dam was built to defend the road from being washed away by the sea.
①The fort cannot be defended __________ an air attack.
②Like their children, parents are often ________ (defend) about their private lives.
③The drunken man in worn out clothes made a gesture in ________ (defend).
from/against
defensive
defence
trace vt.追溯；追踪；查出 n．[C]痕迹；[U]遗迹；踪迹
trace...back to... 追溯……到……
trace...to... 追查……到……
The burglar had left several traces of his presence.
①At last the noise was traced ____ a fault in the pipes.
②His father claims to be able to trace the family back _____ many centuries ago.
③These quotations cannot readily ________ (trace) to their sources.
to
to
be traced
gifted adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的
(1)gift n. 天赋，天才，才能
(2)be gifted in (doing) sth. 在(做)……方面有天赋(＝be talented in)
(3)have a gift/talent for 有……天赋
show a talent for 显示出……天赋
be talented in/at 在……方面有天赋
(4)a gifted dancer/musician 天才舞蹈演员/音乐家
He is gifted with the ability to understand various people and their cultures.
①Man is the only creature that is gifted ______ speech.
②Brian is ______ (gift) in writing music; he is likely to be a Beethoven.
③I believe my father is a ________ (talent) man.
with
gifted
talented
abstract adj.抽象的；理性的(反义词：concrete具体的)　
n．(文献等的)摘要
(1)abstract idea/concept 抽象思想/概念
in the abstract 抽象地；理论上(相当于in theory)
concrete evidence/proposals/proof
确凿的证据/具体的建议/具体的证明
(2)make an abstract of... 把……的要点摘录下来
We may talk of beautiful things, but beauty itself is abstract.
①I like dogs ____ the abstract, but I can't bear this one.
②You should make ______ abstract of what the professor says.
③“美”和“真理”是抽象的概念。
___________________________________________________________
in
an
“Beauty” and “truth” are abstract ideas.
steady adj.稳定的；平稳地；稳步的
steady income 固定的收入
be steady in one's principle 坚持原则
He is a steady young man.
①He prefers _____ steady life.
②Relax as much as possible and keep breathing ________ (steady).
③The exports ___________________ (正稳步增长) year by year.
④She has _______________ (稳定的收入).
a
steadily
are steadily increasing
a steady income
fault n．弱点，缺点；过错，过失；缺陷，毛病，故障
It's one's fault for (doing) sth.
(做)某事是某人的过失。
It's one's fault that... ……是某人的过失。
error,mistake
In my opinion, both of the drivers were at fault.
①The more experienced you are, the easier it is to find fault ________ other people's ideas.
②If my memory was not ______ fault, it was Thursday.
③He has many ________ (fault), but cruelty is not one of them.
with
at
faults
shift n．改变；转换；轮班　vi.& vt.转移；挪动；转向
a shift in sth. 某方面的转变
a shift of emphasis 重点的转移
working in shifts 轮班工作
the day/night shift 白班 /夜班
He shifted his luggage to his flat.
①After the guard recovered from his injury, he went on the night shift again.____________
②Lend me a hand to shift this box, will you？____________
③This accident caused a dramatic shift in public opinion.____________
n. 夜班
v. 挪动
n. 改变
vivid adj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的
vivid memories 清晰的记忆
a vivid description of... 对...生动的描述
give a vivid account of... 生动描述...
He gave a vivid account of his life as a fighter pilot.
①The characters in the book are ________ (vivid) presented.
②I ________ (vivid) remember the day we first met.
③The dream was ______________ (如此逼真) he felt himself to be awake.
vividly
vividly
so vivid that