天津市部分区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末英语试题汇编：单项填空(含解析）
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| 名称 | 天津市部分区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末英语试题汇编：单项填空(含解析） |  | |
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天津市部分区
2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编
单项填空
天津市和平区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节：单项填空(共15 小题，每小题 1 分 ，满 分 15 分 )
从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中， 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. In the UK, when having dinner with your friends, you have to wait until everyone else ________ before you start eating.
A. has served B. is being served C. had been served D. has been served
2. ________ remains important is that we have an incredible desire to think and create, and that’s the real spirit of invention.
A. It B. That C. What D. As
3 Most of us would assume that urban development and climate change are ________ pushing the animals out of their natural habitats.
A. responsible for B. particular about C. beneficial to D. consistent with
4. With these words ________ in their ears, Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D-Day.
A. fading B. ringing C. swimming D. hanging
5. —Look. Here’s a quiz on events of the twentieth century.
—Oh, ________. I’m good at history.
A. you’ve got me there
B. I appreciate that
C. let me give it a try
D. it’s right under my nose
6. Computer graphics technology has now reached the point, ________ special effects can be used to do just about anything.
A. which B. whose C. where D. when
7. Hundreds of delighted students________ to welcome him who had raised money to build a well for them near their school.
A. worked out B. dropped out C. given out D. turned out
8. ________25 years ago next month, the club is holding a party for past and present members.
A. To be formed B. Having formed C. Formed D. Forming
9. You can often impress your boss by dressing in a businesslike way ________ others dress casually.
A. as long as B. even if C. before D. since
10. In some cases, local produce uses more energy and produces more greenhouse gases than produce grown a long way away, even ________ its transport.
A. taking into consideration B. keeping in order
C. bringing under control D. leaving out of service
11. People who lack adequate housing are found in every country of the world and, ________, in almost every community.
A. indeed B. otherwise C. however D. therefore
12. ---There’s a factory outside town that’s pumping chemicals into the river.
---How can they do that Isn’t it________ the law
A. under B. beyond C. over D. against
13. —Would you mind if I borrow your underwater camera for a diving trip to Florida
—________ But please be careful with it.
A. You’re kidding me. B. Sure, that’s fine.
C. It’s a piece of cake. D. Actually, I care.
14. In college, Spring Break is usually associated with the beach, parties and sleepless nights, bring about ________, free time and friends.
A. examination B. investigation C. relaxation D. promotion
15. —It’s nearly a quarter to eight. Beth hasn’t turned up yet.
—She________ the time. Why don’t I call and see what happened
A. shouldn’t have forgotten B. might have forgotten
C. needn’t have forgotten D. must have forgotten
天津市河东区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
二、单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. — I just can’t stop worrying about the interview tomorrow.
— ________! Everything will be OK.
A. Best wishes B. Good luck C. Look out D. Take it easy
2. I missed a ________ opportunity to become a millionaire.
A. gold B. golden C. handsome D. generous
3. As time ________, I became more and more confident.
A. went on B. went away C. went by D. went out
4. All foreign visitors are requested to ________ with the regulations in this area.
A. agree B. comply C. consent D. conform
5. If there is nothing more to do, we ________ as well go to bed.
A. should B. can C. would D. may
6. The organization assists people based on need and gives the top _______ to those in the most serious and immediate danger.
A. devotion B. division C. potential D. priority
7. He was on ________ phone when I paid ________ visit to him yesterday.
A. the; a B. the; the C. 不填; the D. the; 不填
8 You can’t imagine what difficulty we had ________home in the snowstorm.
A. walked B. walk
C. to walk D. walking
9. What the doctors really doubt is ________ the patient will recover from the serious disease soon.
A. whenever B. if C. whether D. that
10. — I didn’t do well in the exam. How about you
— I did ________ you.
A. as well as B. no better than C. no more than D. as long as
11. Richard can hardly ________ his brother in the photo, because it was taken years ago.
A. figure out B. speak out C. pick out D. work out
12. Nearly all the people ________ believe confidence is the key to success.
A. interviewing B. interviewed C. having interviewed D. to interview
13. In china, the number of cities is increasing ________development is recognized across the world.
A. where B. which C. whose D. that
14. ______ hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread.
A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Wherever D. However
15. — Did you enjoy your joumey to Italy, Barbara
— ________. We couldn’t have found a more romantic place.
A. All right B. Sounds great C. Not at all D. Absolutely
天津市河西区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节 单项填空（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
1. —If we work on the project together, we should be able to complete it ahead of schedule.
— ! Many hands make light work.
A. You bet B. Have fun C. Good job D. Forget it
2. To our delight, the boy who shows great _______ in playing football has been admitted to the university for his talent.
A. choice B. respect C. addition D. promise
3. Despite being taken from very different sources, the results are remarkably ____.
A consistent B. constant
C. contradictory D. controversial
4. A dog’s eating habit requires regular training before it is ________ established.
A. properly B. widely
C. originally D. temporarily
5. —Where do Dr. Smith and his assistant come from
—I’m not sure. but their English _______ Australia.
A. shows B. sounds C. suggests D. means
6. If you are _______ a food or drink, you can remove it from your diet.
A. cautious about B. allergic to C. satisfied with D. fond of
7. I wonder what makes him a good English teacher.
He ________ as a volunteer in the UK for two years, which helps him with his work a lot.
A. has served B. serves C. had served D. served
8. Don’t promise anything ______ you are one hundred percent sure.
A. whether B. after C. how D. unless
9. Though lacking the necessary working experience, my cousin got the job _______ her confidence and fexibility.
A. by virtue of B. in terms of C. in response to D. on top of
10. —It is said that Frank is very rich and is always changing his private cars . What is he
—________of a manager, I am not sure.
A. Somebody B. Anyone C. Something D. Anything
11. —It’s really tiring for me to stand in the queue for three hours to get the G-train ticket.
—You _______. You could have got one online.
A. mustn’t have B. shouldn’t have C. can’t have D. needn’t have
12. —Tom, how are you doing with the job hunting
—To be frank. I’m still hesitating whether to accept the position I _______ at the job fair.
A. had been offered B. was offered C. offered D. had offered
13. Some new ideas sometimes have to wait for years before _______.
A. fully accepting B. are fully accepted
C. being fully accepted D. having fully accepted
14. I think the teacher would like to know _______ I’ve been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note.
A. which B. why C. what D. how
15. Stress is everywhere and in fact it isn't such a bad thing ________ it is often supposed to be.
A. that B. as C. what D. which
天津市红桥区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节：单项填空(共15个小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. — I will go to the bank to pay for the electricity bill.
— _______ Actually, you can use Alipay.
A. Why bother B. So what C. Why not D. What for
2. Bamboo plants are _______ with health, abundance and a happy home, which makes them popular during the Chinese New Year.
A. content B. covered C. associated D. particular
3. Everyone who reached the top of Mount Tai was ______ with a magnificent view.
A. awarded B. admired C. rewarded D. appreciated
4. — We would appreciate it if you could stay for lunch.
— Sorry, I . I have another appointment.
A. won’t B. shan’t C. can’t D. mustn’t
5. It’s a tradition that, at the wedding ceremony, the hands of the bride and groom would be tied together with a length of ribbon to symbolize that their lives were fastened together______.
A. necessarily B. deliberately C. permanently D. temporarily
6. —Thank you for your dictionary. I’ll return it as soon as I can.
— . I’ve got another one to spare.
A. No problem B. No hurry C. With pleasure D. Nothing much
7. —Are you waiting for a bus from the office of the City Government
—Yes. I arrived here at the bus stop ten minutes ago, but the bus .
A. hadn’t come B. won’t come C. didn’t come D. hasn’t come
8. Would you please ___ the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes
A. look around B. look into C. look up D. look through
9. In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message ________ within the work.
A. to hide B. hidden
C. hiding D. being hidden
10. good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Tianjin dishes.
A. Instead of B. Apart from C. Far from D. Regardless of
11. —Why not take my car to the museum instead of walking
—No, thanks_________.
A. I’m used to B. I’m able to C. I’m about to D. I’ve got to
12. I felt very happy to get a one-month break from work last year I could travel with my family to Paris.
A. where B. when C. which D. that
13. ________ to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may influence genes in human bodies.
A. To expose B. Exposed C. Having exposed D. Being exposed
14. ________ is known to all is that the outstanding academic atmosphere, as well as various festivals and sports, draws many students to our school.
A. It B. Which C. What D. As
15. ______ you lose in life, don’t lose faith and hope, with which you can live a happy life and achieve your goals.
A. Whenever B. Wherever C. Whatever D. Whoever
天津市南开区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分)
从A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
例： Stand over there ________you’ll be able to see it better.
A. or B. and C. but D. while
答案是B。
1. — David was late for the biology class this morning.
—________ As far as I know, he never came late to class.
A. So what B. How come C. Why not D. What for
2. We’ve done a solid preparation so this is ________ our team is supposed to shine.
A. what B. whether C. which D. where
3. Scientists ________ research in order to seek greater understanding of the brain, especially since the 1950s.
A. conducted B. have been conducted
C. have been conducting D. had conducted
4. Despite previous failed attempts, the scientists believed they would make a breakthrough in the ________ experiments.
A. subsequent B. critical C. primary D. independent
5. —How did you make so rapid progress in your English Do you have any secrets
—No.Only ________ hard working.
A. in terms of B. in honor of C. by means of D. on behalf of
6. —I need to tell Kevin the conference has been canceled.
—_________ He’s already on his way.
A. The sooner the better. B. Don’t bother.
C. You’ve got me there. D. How could you
7. These biological discoveries all help us understand the ________ for life on our planet, even in the most extreme circumstances.
A. component B. coverage C. capacity D. comprehension
8. There are many mysteries about dinosaurs ________ we long to find explanations.
A. to which B. that C. with which D. for which
9. Its once-great cities fell into ruin, ________ various mysteries for later people to solve.
A. to leave B. leaving C. left D. having left
10. — I had a great time playing badminton with you today.
— Then let’s do it ________ . How about every Sunday
A. currently B. temporarily C. enormously D. regularly
11. It was the most disastrous space accident ever and it ________ people’s hearts.
A. threw light on B. played a part in
C. became accustomed to D. cast a shadow on
12. Various measures ________ in the years ahead to boost the economic development
A. are taken B. have been taken C. were taken D. will be taken
13. I had dreamed of this moment many times in my childhood. But when you finally make it it’s totally different from ________ you had imagined
A. when B. what C. that D. which
14. With no gravity to push against, astronauts’ bones and muscles ________become weak.
A. should B. must C. can D. need
15. Believed _______ buried underwater by a tsunami in the fourth century AD, the ruins of Neapolis are almost 2, 000 years old.
A. to be B. to have been C. having D. being
答案：
天津市和平区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
1. In the UK, when having dinner with your friends, you have to wait until everyone else ________ before you start eating.
A. has served B. is being served C. had been served D. has been served
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：在英国，当你和你的朋友共进晚餐时，你必须等到所有人都就坐后才开始吃饭。分析句子可知，空格处缺少谓语动词，句中指你必须等到所有人都就坐后才开始吃饭，强调“所有人都就坐”的动作已经完成，应用现在完成时，“everyone else”意为“所有人”，于“serve”为被动关系，故句子应用现在完成时的被动语态，“everyone else”作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。故选D项。
2. ________ remains important is that we have an incredible desire to think and create, and that’s the real spirit of invention.
A. It B. That C. What D. As
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：重要的是，我们有一种难以置信的思考和创造的欲望，这才是真正的发明精神。分析句子可知，句子为主语从句，空格处单词引导从句，从句中缺少主语，指事物，没有选择范围，故应用“what”引导从句，句首单词首字母大写。故选C项。
3. Most of us would assume that urban development and climate change are ________ pushing the animals out of their natural habitats.
A. responsible for B. particular about C. beneficial to D. consistent with
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们大多数人会认为城市发展和气候变化是导致动物离开自然栖息地的原因。A. be responsible for对……负责；B.be particular about特别注意；C.be beneficial to对……有益；D. be consistent with保持一致。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语be responsible for“对……负责”，满足句意要求。
4. With these words ________ in their ears, Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D-Day.
A. fading B. ringing C. swimming D. hanging
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着这些话在他们耳边回响，盟军士兵为诺曼底登陆做准备。A. fading褪色； B. ringing回响；响彻； C. swimming游泳； D. hanging悬挂。结合空后“in their ears”，可知此处指话语在耳边回响，故选B。
5. —Look. Here’s a quiz on events of the twentieth century.
—Oh, ________. I’m good at history.
A. you’ve got me there
B. I appreciate that
C. let me give it a try
D. it’s right under my nose
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——看。这里有一个关于二十世纪事件小测验。——哦，让我试试。我擅长历史。根据下文语境“I’m good at history.”可知，擅长历史的一方想试试这个关于历史的小测验，此处为句子let me give it a try“让我试一试”，满足句意要求。故选C项。
6. Computer graphics technology has now reached the point, ________ special effects can be used to do just about anything.
A. which B. whose C. where D. when
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：计算机图形技术现在已经达到了这样一个地步，特殊效果可以用来做任何事情。分析句子可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“point”，在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词“where”引导从句。故选C项。
7. Hundreds of delighted students________ to welcome him who had raised money to build a well for them near their school.
A. worked out B. dropped out C. given out D. turned out
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。 句意：数百名高兴的学生出来欢迎他，他们已经筹集到了资金，为他们在学校附近建造了一口井。A. worked out锻炼；B. dropped out辍学；C. given out分发；D. turned out走出来。根据空后“to welcome him”可知，此出处指学生高兴地出来欢迎他。故选D。
8. ________25 years ago next month, the club is holding a party for past and present members.
A. To be formed B. Having formed C. Formed D. Forming
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：下个月，25年前成立的俱乐部将为过去和现在的会员举行聚会。逗号前的内容在句中为状语，句子主语the club和动词form为动宾关系，所以此处用过去分词，故选C。
9. You can often impress your boss by dressing in a businesslike way ________ others dress casually.
A. as long as B. even if C. before D. since
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：即使别人穿得很随意，你也可以通过穿得有条不紊来给老板留下深刻印象。A. as long as只要； B. even if 即使；C. before在……之前； D. since自从。分析句子可知，空处及之后的内容在句中为让步状语从句，意义上为“尽管，纵然”，故选B。
10. In some cases, local produce uses more energy and produces more greenhouse gases than produce grown a long way away, even ________ its transport.
A. taking into consideration B. keeping in order
C. bringing under control D. leaving out of service
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在某些情况下，即使考虑到其运输，当地的农产品使用的能源和产生的温室气体也比远地种植的农产品多。A. taking into consideration考虑到；B. keeping in order维持秩序；C. bringing under control治理，把……控制住；D. leaving out of service停用，停止服务。根据句意可知，句中指考虑到运输成本，把当地的农产品和远地种植的农产品进行对比，“taking into consideration”意为“考虑到”，符合语境。故选A项。
11. People who lack adequate housing are found in every country of the world and, ________, in almost every community.
A. indeed B. otherwise C. however D. therefore
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：世界上每个国家，实际上几乎每个社区都有缺乏适足住房的人。A. indeed实际上； B. otherwise否则； C. however然而； D. therefore因此。结合空后的内容可知，此处表示对前文“in every country of the world”来补充，表示“实际上”。故选A。
12. ---There’s a factory outside town that’s pumping chemicals into the river.
---How can they do that Isn’t it________ the law
A. under B. beyond C. over D. against
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：——城外有一家工厂正在向河里排放化学药品。——他们怎么能那样做呢？这不是违法的吗？A. under在……之下；B. beyond超过；C. over在……上面；D. against对抗，违反。根据句意可知，此处为介词against“违背，对抗”，agaist the law“违法”满足句意要求。故选D项。
13. —Would you mind if I borrow your underwater camera for a diving trip to Florida
—________ But please be careful with it.
A. You’re kidding me. B. Sure, that’s fine.
C. It’s a piece of cake. D. Actually, I care.
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——你介意我借你的水下摄影机去佛罗里达潜水吗？——行，没问题。但请小心点。A. You’re kidding me.你在开玩笑；B. Sure, that’s fine.行，没问题；C. It’s a piece of cake.小菜一碟；D. Actually, I care.事实上，我在意。结合空后的回答可以看出，回答者对请求是同意的。故选B。
14. In college, Spring Break is usually associated with the beach, parties and sleepless nights, bring about ________, free time and friends.
A. examination B. investigation C. relaxation D. promotion
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在大学里，寒假通常与海滩、派对和不眠之夜联系在一起，带来放松、自由时间和朋友。A. examination考试； B. investigation调查；C. relaxation放松； D. promotion促进；提升。结合句中“Spring Break”可知，休假往往会带给人们放松，故选C。
15. —It’s nearly a quarter to eight. Beth hasn’t turned up yet.
—She________ the time. Why don’t I call and see what happened
A. shouldn’t have forgotten B. might have forgotten
C. needn’t have forgotten D. must have forgotten
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词+have done用法。句意：——现在快八点一刻了。贝丝还没出现。——她也许忘记了时间。我为什么不打电话看看发生了什么？根据句意可知，贝丝没有按时出现，我想打电话看看发生了什么，由此可知，贝丝也许忘记了时间，“might have done”表示“也许已经做了某事”，符合语境，“shouldn’t have done”表示“本不该做某事，而实际上做了”，“needn’t have done”表示“本不必做某事，而实际上做了”，“must have done”表示“必定做了某事（表示对过去的推测）”，均不符合语境。故选B项。
天津市河东区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
1. — I just can’t stop worrying about the interview tomorrow.
— ________! Everything will be OK.
A. Best wishes B. Good luck C. Look out D. Take it easy
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我控制不住地担心明天的面试。——放轻松！一切都会顺利的。A. Best wishes向你致以最美好的祝福；B. Good luck祝你好运；C. Look out当心；D. Take it easy放轻松。根据对话语境可知，该处应使用Take it easy，表示对朋友面对即将到来的面试忐忑不安的心情，予以宽慰鼓励，故选D。
2. I missed a ________ opportunity to become a millionaire.
A. gold B. golden C. handsome D. generous
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我错过了一个成为百万富翁的绝佳机会。A. gold金色的；B. golden极好的、有益的；C. handsome英俊的、帅气的；D. generous慷慨的、大方的。固定短语golden opportunity为经典俚语，意为“绝佳的好机会”；且golden意为“绝佳的、极好的”，也符合题意。故选B项。
3. As time ________, I became more and more confident.
A. went on B. went away C. went by D. went out
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着时间的流逝，我变得越来越自信。A. went on继续；B. went away走开；C. went by经过，时间流逝；D. went out出去，熄灭。由语意可知，随着时间的流逝，我变得越来越自信。故选C项。
4. All foreign visitors are requested to ________ with the regulations in this area.
A. agree B. comply C. consent D. conform
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有外国游客都需要遵守这片区域的管理规定。A. agree同意；B. comply遵守；C. consent允许；同意D. conform遵守；与……一致。comply with为固定搭配，意为“遵守（规定、规则或协议等）”，conform搭配介词to才能表示“遵守”，故选B。
5. If there is nothing more to do, we ________ as well go to bed.
A. should B. can C. would D. may
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：如果没什么别的事要做，我们不如去睡觉。固定短语may/might as well意为“倒不如”、“不妨”符合句意，一般用于给出建议。故选D项。
6. The organization assists people based on need and gives the top _______ to those in the most serious and immediate danger.
A. devotion B. division C. potential D. priority
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该组织根据需要为人们提供帮助，并对那些处于最严重和最紧迫危险中的人给予优先考虑。A. devotion献身；B. division分开；C. potential潜能；D. priority优先事项。根据后文“those in the most serious and immediate danger”指优先考虑处于最严重和最紧迫危险中的人，应用give the top priority to。故选D。
7. He was on ________ phone when I paid ________ visit to him yesterday.
A. the; a B. the; the C. 不填; the D. the; 不填
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查冠词。句意：昨天我去拜访他时，他正在打电话。 on the phone意为“在打电话”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用定冠词the。pay a visit to sb意为“拜访某人”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用不定冠词a。故选A。
8. You can’t imagine what difficulty we had ________home in the snowstorm.
A. walked B. walk
C. to walk D. walking
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你无法想象我们在暴风雪中步行回家有多么困难。本题考查have difficulty (in) doing sth.短语的变式运用。difficulty在句中充当先行词，其后为定语从句，所以用动名词作宾语。故选D。
9. What the doctors really doubt is ________ the patient will recover from the serious disease soon.
A. whenever B. if C. whether D. that
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查表语从句连接词。句意：医生真正怀疑是病人是否将很快从这个严重的疾病中恢复。A. whenever无论什么时候；B. if如果，是否；C. whether是否；D. that引导名词性从句时无实意。分析句子成分可知，be动词“is”后面接了表语从句，根据句意“the doctors really doubt”，说明医生不确定是否病人会恢复，if可以表示是否，但不能引导表语从句，只能用whether。故选C项。
10. — I didn’t do well in the exam. How about you
— I did ________ you.
A. as well as B. no better than C. no more than D. as long as
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：——我考试发挥的不好。你呢？——我发挥的和你一样不好。A. as well as不但……而且；B. no better than 和……一样不好；C. no more than仅仅，不超过；D. as long as只要。由语意可知，两个人考试发挥的都不好，故选B项。
11. Richard can hardly ________ his brother in the photo, because it was taken years ago.
A. figure out B. speak out C. pick out D. work out
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：理查德几乎都认不出照片里的兄弟了，因为这张照片是十年前拍摄的。A. figure out弄清楚、搞明白；B. speak out说出；C. pick out分辨出、挑选；D. work out计算出、产生结果。结合句意，照片是十年前拍摄的，很显然照片里的人变化了很多，所以应该是认不出来了；C项“分辨出”符合题意。故选C项。
12. Nearly all the people ________ believe confidence is the key to success.
A. interviewing B. interviewed C. having interviewed D. to interview
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：几乎被采访的所有人都认为信心是成功的关键。分析句子成分，谓语动词为空后believe，故空处需要用到非谓语的形式，作定语；结合句意，题干并不强调谓语动词和非谓语动词之间的先后关系；主语People与非谓语动词interview构成动宾关系，指“被采访的人”，故需要用过去分词done的形式表示被动关系。故选B项。
13. In china, the number of cities is increasing ________development is recognized across the world.
A. where B. which C. whose D. that
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在中国，城市的数量在增加，城市的发展得到了世界的公认。名词development与先行词cities之间是所属关系, 所以用关系代词whose。故选C。
14. ______ hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread.
A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Wherever D. However
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论我多么饿，我似乎从来也吃不了一块面包。本句为让步状语从句，however 后面接形容词和副词+主语+谓语。故选D项。
15. — Did you enjoy your joumey to Italy, Barbara
— ________. We couldn’t have found a more romantic place.
A. All right B. Sounds great C. Not at all D. Absolutely
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。——芭芭拉，你的意大利之行愉快吗？——当然了。我们找不到一个比它更浪漫的地方了。A. All right可以的，好吧；B. Sounds great听起来很棒；C. Not at all一点也不；D. Absolutely绝对地，当然。根据后文句意可知，她的意大利之行非常愉快，所以是肯定的答复。故选D项。
【答案】41. A 42. B 43. C 44. D 45. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要描述了作者通过AFS申请成为了一个接纳交换生的寄宿家庭。她与交换生西蒙娜结成了深厚的友谊。这也成为了她宝贵的人生回忆。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“When I was a high school student, a close friend went to New Zealand as an exchange student and I was very curious. I wasn’t able to become an exchange student myself, but I began talking to my parents about possibility of becoming a host family to see it. (在我上高中的时候，我的一个好朋友去新西兰做交换生，我很好奇。我自己没法成为一名交换生，但我开始和父母讨论成为寄宿家庭的可能性)”可知，作者对交换生活动很感兴趣，也想作为寄宿家庭接纳一位交换生，故选A项。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Our school had an active AFS (American Field Service) chapter, so we got information about hosting a student through AFS. (我们学校有一个活跃的AFS(美国现场服务)分会，所以我们通过AFS获得了关于接待学生的信息)”和第二段中“After further exploration, we decided to go for it. We received a student’s brief introduction”（经过进一步的探索，我们决定去做。我们收到了一个学生的简短介绍）第四段“AFS began making the arrangements for Simone to come to America for her year as an exchange student. (AFS开始安排西蒙娜作为交换生来美国学习一年。)”可知，作者是通过向AFS递交申请，经该结构介绍，认识了西蒙娜。故选B项。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Our school had an active AFS (American Field Service) chapter, so we got information about hosting a student through AFS. (我们学校有一个活跃的AFS(美国现场服务)分会，所以我们通过AFS获得了关于接待学生的信息)和第二段“We received a student’s brief introduction We looked over the pictures and her family and read the introduction.”(我们收到了一个交换生的简介。看了照片和她的家庭，并阅读了介绍)”可知，AFS为有意申请成为寄宿家庭的人提供了很多帮助，包括提供交换生真实的简介材料以及申请须知等等，故选C项。
【44题详解】
细节排序题。根据第一段“Our school had an active AFS (American Field Service) chapter, so we got information about hosting a student through AFS. (我们学校有一个活跃的AFS分会，所以我们通过AFS获得了关于接待学生的信息)”和第二段“We received a student’s brief introduction We looked over the pictures and her family and read the introduction. (我们看了一个学生的照片，并阅读她的个人及家庭情况介绍)”和第三段“After informing AFs that we’d accept the student, we had the opportunity to call her on the phone and began writing to her. (在通知AFs我们将接受该学生后，我们有机会给她打电话，并开始给她写信)”和第四段“During the year of Simone’s stay, we had our ups and downs. (西蒙妮住在这里的那一年，我们的关系起起伏伏)”可知，申请成为接受交换生的寄宿家庭的整个流程包括：先了解接受学生的信息，再审查交换生的介绍材料，然后通讯交流，最后住在一起，故选D项。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Now, 18 years after first welcoming Simone into our family, she is still important to us. We have kept in close contact in the years since she left America. (现在，在西蒙妮第一次加入我们的家庭18年后，她对我们仍然很重要。她离开美国后，我们一直保持密切联系)”可知，作者与西蒙娜之间结成了深厚真挚的友谊，故选C项。
【答案】46. A 47. C 48. D 49. A 50. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要说明了建立国际空间站的重要性及遇到的挑战。
【46题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段前三句“The international space station is an important step we should take in space exploration. It is not only helpful but also essential. It provides a proper space environment for many experiments that we have wanted to do for a long time.”（国际空间站是我们太空探索的重要一步。不仅有助于太空探索，而且是非常重要的，它为许多我们一直以来就渴望做的实验提供了合适的太空环境。）可知，作者肯定了国际空间站的作用，对于国际空间站的发展持支持的态度。故选A项。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“In a word, if we want to explore space more, the first thing we should do is to set up a space station.”（总之，如果我们想更多的探索太空，首要的事情就是建立空间站。）说明建立空间站对于探索太空来说是必要的。故选C项。
【48题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“As the space station costs a lot of money, it is hard for one country alone to establish one. ”（建立空间站耗费巨大，所以任何一个单独的国家都很难完成。）及最后一句“It is really a job that needs everyone’s effort and will benefit everyone.”（这真的需要每个人的努力，也将会使所有人获益。）说明建立空间站投资大，需要合作，最终也会使所有人受益，所以D项“它离地球太远了。”不是各国合作建设国际空间站的理由。故选D项。
【49题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句“The USA seems to be the only country that has the ability to build a space station alone, and it has tried to do so, but not very successful. ”（美国似乎是唯一有能力独立建立空间站的国家，它也尝试这样做了，但并不理想。）可知，美国独立建立空间站的尝试并不特别成功，所以它决定联合其他国家。故“aggregated”是“联合”的意思。故选A项。
【50题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段第一句“The international space station is an important step we should take in space exploration.”（国际空间站是我们太空探索的重要一步。）并结合第二段的内容，主要说明了空间站的重要性。第三段第一句“As the space station costs a lot of money, it is hard for one country alone to establish one. ”（建立空间站耗费巨大，所以任何一个单独的国家都很难完成。）说明了建立空间站遇到的困难。第三段第三句“So it aggregated many other countries to work on it together.”（所以它决定联合其他国家一起合作。）说明共同合作建立空间站。所以文章没有提及具体的安排。故选D项。
【答案】51. A 52. D 53. C 54. B 55. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在语言的发展过程中，到底是谁创造了语法体系还不得而知，并通过列举专家的观点和证据，说明了很多语言的起源。
【51题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“They have little in the way of grammar, and speakers need to use too many words to make their meaning understood. (它们几乎没有语法规则可言，说话者需要使用繁复的单词来让别人理解他们的意思)”可知，奴隶们使用的混杂语表意含糊不清，很难理解。故选A项。
【52题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“It was based on the signs of the older children, but it was shorter and easier to understand, and it had a largerange of special use of grammar to clarify the meaning. (它是基于大孩子的手势，但它更简短，更容易理解，并且有更广泛的特殊语法使用来阐明意思)”可知，新的尼加拉瓜手语比之前的手势语表达意思更精准明确，故选D项。
【53题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Most experts believe that many of the languages were pidgins at first. They were initially used in different groups of people without standardization(标准化)and gradually evolved into a widely accepted system. (大多数专家认为，许多语言最初都是混杂语。它们最初在不同人群中使用，没有标准化，逐渐演变成一个被广泛接受的系统)”以及紧接着所举的英语中的过去式——“ed”结尾——可能是从动词“do”演变而来的这一例子可知，英语曾经是一种混杂语的说法，已被人们广泛接受，故选C项。
【54题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Most experts believe that many of the languages were pidgins at first. (大多数专家认为，很多语言起初是以混杂语的形式存在)”可知，很多语言最初是以混杂语形式存在的，即：并无标准化规范并且会逐渐演变，划线词含义接近“起初；一开始”之意，故选B项。
【55题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“However, the question which many language experts can’t understand and explain is who created grammar (然而，许多语言专家不能理解和解释的问题是谁创造了语法 )”可知，这篇文章主要介绍了在语言的发展过程中，到底是谁创造了语法体系还不得而知，故选A项。
天津市河西区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
1. —If we work on the project together, we should be able to complete it ahead of schedule.
— ! Many hands make light work.
A. You bet B. Have fun C. Good job D. Forget it
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查情境对话。句意：——如果我们一起做这个项目，我们应该能提前完成。——当然了!人多好办事。A. You bet当然了，肯定的 ；B. Have fun玩的开心；C. Good job做的好；D. Forget it算了吧。根据后面的“人多力量大”，可知对话中的人是肯定上句说的话，因此“You bet（当然了）”符合语境，故选A。
2. To our delight, the boy who shows great _______ in playing football has been admitted to the university for his talent.
A. choice B. respect C. addition D. promise
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我们高兴的是，那个在踢足球方面大有前途的男孩因他的天赋被大学录取了。A. choice 选择；B. respect 尊重、尊敬；C. addition 增加；B. promise 前途、获得成功的迹象、承诺。根据句意，这个男孩被大学录取是因为他在足球方面的天赋，说明他在踢足球方面是大有前途的。故选D。
3. Despite being taken from very different sources, the results are remarkably ____.
A. consistent B. constant
C. contradictory D. controversial
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管来自非常不同的来源，但结果是非常一致的。A. consistent一致的；B. constant不断的；C. contradictory对立的；D. controversial有争议的。根据句意可知，句中指尽管来源不同，但结果是一致的，“consistent”意为“一致的”，形容词词性，在句中作表语，符合句意。故选A项。
4. A dog’s eating habit requires regular training before it is ________ established.
A. properly B. widely
C. originally D. temporarily
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查副词辨析。句意：在狗的饮食习惯被正确地建立之前，需要定期的训练。A. properly正确地；B. widely广泛地；C. originally最初；D. temporarily临时地。狗的饮食习惯不可能是被“广泛地、最初地、临时地”建立，故选A。
5. —Where do Dr. Smith and his assistant come from
—I’m not sure. but their English _______ Australia.
A shows B. sounds C. suggests D. means
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：——史密斯医生和他的助手来自哪里？——我不确定，但他们的英语使人想到澳大利亚。A. shows展示；B. sounds听起来；C.suggests使想到，表明；D. means意味着。结合语意，后者并不确定他们来自哪里，但是他们的英语使人想到澳大利亚，空处应用动词suggests，表示“使想到，表明”。故选C项。
6. If you are _______ a food or drink, you can remove it from your diet.
A. cautious about B. allergic to C. satisfied with D. fond of
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：如果你对食物或饮料过敏，你可以将其从饮食中去除。A. (be) cautious about对……小心；B. (be) allergic to对……过敏；C. (be) satisfied with对……满意；D. (be) fond of对……喜欢。由“remove it from your diet”可知，应该是对食物或饮料过敏。故选B项。
7. I wonder what makes him a good English teacher.
He ________ as a volunteer in the UK for two years, which helps him with his work a lot.
A. has served B. serves C. had served D. served
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：——我不知道是什么使他成为一个好的英语老师。——他在英国做了两年的志愿者，这对他的工作帮助很大。这里指在过去某段时间内发生过的事，在陈述一件过去的事实，所以用一般过去时态，故答案为D。
8. Don’t promise anything ______ you are one hundred percent sure.
A. whether B. after C. how D. unless
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：除非你有百分之百的把握，否则不要答应任何事。A. whether是否；B. after在……之后；C. how如何；D. unless除非。表示“除非你有百分之百的把握”，用unless引导该条件状语从句。故选D。
9. Though lacking the necessary working experience, my cousin got the job _______ her confidence and fexibility.
A. by virtue of B. in terms of C. in response to D. on top of
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：虽然缺乏必要的工作经验，但我表姐凭借她的自信和灵活性得到了这份工作。A.by virtue of凭借；B.in terms of依据；C.in response to响应；D.on top of另外。根据“her confidence and fexibility”可知，此处是指凭借她的自信和灵活性得到了这份工作。故选A。
10. —It is said that Frank is very rich and is always changing his private cars . What is he
—________of a manager, I am not sure.
A. Somebody B. Anyone C. Something D. Anything
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查不定代词辨析。句意：——据说弗兰克很有钱，经常换他的私家车。他是干什么的 ——可能是经理人，我不确定。A.Somebody某个人； B.Anyone 任何人；C.Something（表示不确切的描述或数量）大致，左右； D.Anything（用于否定句、疑问句）任何东西；任何事物。根据句意可知，答语表示不确定的事，所以选项C符合题意，故选C。
11. —It’s really tiring for me to stand in the queue for three hours to get the G-train ticket.
—You _______. You could have got one online.
A. mustn’t have B. shouldn’t have C. can’t have D. needn’t have
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词+have done的用法。句意：——排队三个小时才能买到G型列车车票，对我来说真的很累。——你不需要这样。你可以在网上买一张。A. mustn’t have (done)肯定没有做；B. shouldn’t have (done)本应该做；C. can’t have (done)不能够做；D. needn’t have (done)本不必做。根据下文“You could have got one online.”可知，此处表示对过去事实的相反假设，应用“情态动词+have done”结构，答语是简略回答，have是助动词，标志着完成时态，不可省略。结合语意，你能来可以在网上买票，所以你本不必排队三小时去买车票的，应用needn’t have (done)。故选D项。
12. —Tom, how are you doing with the job hunting
—To be frank. I’m still hesitating whether to accept the position I _______ at the job fair.
A. had been offered B. was offered C. offered D. had offered
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：——你找工作的事情怎么样了？——说实话，我还在犹豫是否接受人才市场上给我提供的职位。根据句子语境可知，我是找工作的，所以应该是：我被提供工作，主语I与offer之间为被动关系，句中需要被动语态，根据上下文，被提供工作是在过去，所以本句用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。
13. Some new ideas sometimes have to wait for years before _______.
A. fully accepting B. are fully accepted
C. being fully accepted D. having fully accepted
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词的被动式。句意：有些新想法有时需要等待数年才能被完全接受。before为介词，而并非连词，因此后面用动名词，ideas与accept有逻辑上被动关系，因此本空用动名词的被动式。故选C项。
14. I think the teacher would like to know _______ I’ve been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note.
A. which B. why C. what D. how
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我想老师想知道我到目前为止都做了些什么，所以我决定给他发个便条。设空处引导宾语从句，从句中短语be up to...缺少宾语，故应用连接代词what来引导该宾语从句，在从句中宾语，意为“(做了些什么)事情”。故选C。
15. Stress is everywhere and in fact it isn't such a bad thing ________ it is often supposed to be.
A. that B. as C. what D. which
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：压力无处不在，事实上它并不像人们认为的那样是一件坏事。分析句子结构以及句意可知，此空引导定语从句，先行词是a bad thing，在从句中做be后表语，结合选项，用关系代词引导，且先行词前有such修饰，所以此处只能用as引导，故选B。
天津市红桥区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
1. — I will go to the bank to pay for the electricity bill.
— _______ Actually, you can use Alipay.
A. Why bother B. So what C. Why not D. What for
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我要去银行交电费。——何必麻烦呢？实际上，你可以使用支付宝。A. Why bother何苦，何必麻烦；B. So what那又怎样？C. Why not为什么不呢？D. What for为何？根据语境，空白处应该是认为去银行交电费太麻烦了，且后面给出了简单的方法，结合选项，故选A。
2. Bamboo plants are _______ with health, abundance and a happy home, which makes them popular during the Chinese New Year.
A. content B. covered C. associated D. particular
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：竹子与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起，这使得它们在中国新年期间很受欢迎。A. content满足的；B. covered被覆盖的；C. associated相关的；D. particular特别的。be associated with与……相联系。根据“which makes them popular during the Chinese New Year.”可知，竹子使人联想起健康、富足和幸福美满的家。故选C。
3. Everyone who reached the top of Mount Tai was ______ with a magnificent view.
A. awarded B. admired C. rewarded D. appreciated
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：登上泰山的每个人都能以看到壮丽的景色作为奖赏。A. awarded授予；B. admired钦佩；C. rewarded奖赏；D. appreciated欣赏。根据后文with a magnificent view可知此处是指给登上泰山的人以壮丽的景色作为奖赏，应用reward，短语be rewarded with表示“得到……的奖赏”，award侧重指官方或经正式研究裁决后对有功者或竞赛优胜者所给予的奖励，与语境不符。故选C。
【点睛】award和reward词义辨析：
award n.奖, 奖品 vt.授予, 判给
reward n.报酬; 报答; 赏金; 酬金 vt.酬谢，奖赏; 报答
1.award：侧重指官方或经正式研究裁决后对有功者或竞赛优胜者所给予的奖励。
例如：They awarded John the first prize.他们授予约翰一等奖。
2.reward：指对品德高尚和勤劳的人所给予的奖励。也可指为某事付酬金。
例如：The police are offering a big reward for information about the robbery.警方出大笔赏金要求提供那起回抢劫案的破案线索。
4. — We would appreciate it if you could stay for lunch.
— Sorry, I . I have another appointment.
A. won’t B. shan’t C. can’t D. mustn’t
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——如果你能留下来吃午饭我将不胜感激的。——很抱歉，我不能，我有一个约会。由“我有一个约会”可知，不能留下来吃午饭，can’t 表示不能，故选C。
5. It’s a tradition that, at the wedding ceremony, the hands of the bride and groom would be tied together with a length of ribbon to symbolize that their lives were fastened together______.
A. necessarily B. deliberately C. permanently D. temporarily
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这是一个传统，在婚礼上，新娘和新郎的手会用一根丝带系在一起，象征他们的生活永远地绑在一起。A. necessarily必要地；B. deliberately故意地；C. permanently永久地；D. temporarily临时地。结合语境，丝带将新娘和新郎系在一起是为了象征他们永远被绑在一起的。其它选项不符合语境。故选C。
6. —Thank you for your dictionary. I’ll return it as soon as I can.
— . I’ve got another one to spare.
A. No problem B. No hurry C. With pleasure D. Nothing much
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——谢谢你的字典。我会尽快还给你的。——不急。我还有一个备用的。A. No problem 不麻烦，没什么，没事儿，非常容易；B. No hurry 不忙，不必着急，有充裕的时间；C. With pleasure 愉快地，高兴地，没问题；D. Nothing much 非常少。根据第二个人所说的“我还有一个备用的”可知，空格处应该填入No hurry（不急），来应答第一个人的话。故选B项。
7. —Are you waiting for a bus from the office of the City Government
—Yes. I arrived here at the bus stop ten minutes ago, but the bus .
A. hadn’t come B. won’t come C. didn’t come D. hasn’t come
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：——你在等市政府办公室的公共汽车吗 ——是的。我十分钟前就到了公共汽车站，但是公共汽车还没来。根据句意可知，第二个人说话时，公共汽车还没来到，所以空格处应该用现在完成时表示“过去的某一动作一直持续到现在，并且还有可能继续持续下去”。故选D项。
8. Would you please ___ the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes
A. look around B. look into C. look up D. look through
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：你能帮我仔细检查试卷，看看有没有明显的错误吗？A. look around环顾；B. look into调查；C. look up查找；D. look through浏览。根据句意，尤其是“if there are any obvious mistakes”可知，此处用look through“检查”复合语境。故选D。
【点睛】
9. In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message ________ within the work.
A. to hide B. hidden
C. hiding D. being hidden
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在艺术批评中，你必须假定艺术家在作品中隐藏着一个秘密信息。句中有谓语动词has，所以这里用非谓语动词；message与hide是被动关系，故用过去分词表示被动意义，故选B项。
【点睛】过去分词作定语，在语态上，表被动；在时间上，表示动作已经发生或完成，与它所修饰的名词有逻辑（意义）上的动宾关系。过去分词作定语表示动作在谓语动作之前发生，已经完成并具有被动意义。作定语的过去分词一般由及物动词变来，因为只有及物动词才有被动意义。如：
1. He is a teacher loved by his students. 他是个很受学生爱戴的老师。
也有用不及物动词的过去分词作定语的情况，一般作前置定语，它不表示被动意义，只表示主动意义，强调动作完成。如：
fallen leaves落叶 retired workers退休工人 the risen sun升起的太阳
注意下面过去分词作定语的几种情况：
一、单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前，也可以放名词后作后置定语，用以强调动作。如：
1. We needed much more qualified workers. 我们需要更多的合格的工人。
2. My friend is a returned student. 我的朋友是个归国的留学生。
3. They decided to change the material used. 他们决定更换使用的材料。
二、过去分词短语放在被修饰的名词后面，作后置定语时，其作用相当于一个定语从句。如：
The student dressed in white is my daughter.
="The" student who is dressed in white is my daughter. 穿白色衣服的学生是我的女儿。
三、如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no + thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时，过去分词要放在被修饰词的后面。如：
There is nothing changed here since I left this town. 自从我离开这个城镇以来，几乎没有什么变化。
10. good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Tianjin dishes.
A. Instead of B. Apart from C. Far from D. Regardless of
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：除了优质的服务外，这家餐厅还供应各种天津传统菜肴。A. Instead of （用……）代替……，（是……）而不是……，（用……）而不用……；B. Apart from 除了……外；C. Far from 远离，远非；D. Regardless of 不管，不顾。根据句意可知，这家餐厅既提供优质的服务，还供应各种天津传统菜肴，所以空格处应该填入一个短语，表示“除了……外”。故选B项。
11. —Why not take my car to the museum instead of walking
—No, thanks_________.
A. I’m used to B. I’m able to C. I’m about to D. I’ve got to
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析和省略。句意：——为什么不坐我的车去博物馆而非要步行呢？——谢谢了，不过我习惯了（步行）。A. I’m used to我习惯于；B. I’m able to我能够；C. I’m about to我即将；D. I’ve got to我必须。根据“No, thanks.”可知，此处表达“我习惯了（步行）”，本句实际上是一种省略，此处省略了walking。故选A项。
12. I felt very happy to get a one-month break from work last year I could travel with my family to Paris.
A where B. when
C. which D. that
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我很高兴去年有一个月的休假，在那期间我可以和家人一起去巴黎旅行。分析句子可知，I could travel with my family to Paris.为定语从句修饰先行词one-month break，从句缺乏时间状语，故用关系副词when，故选B。
【点睛】关系副词的用法。
1. 关系副词用于引出定语从句，主要有when, where, why：
Sunday is the day when very few people go to work. 星期日是没什么人上班的日子。
That’s the reason why he dislikes me. 这就是他不喜欢我的原因。
Do you know a shop where I can find sandals 你知道哪家商店我能找到凉鞋吗？
【注】关系副词用于引出定语从句，且在从句中用作状语。关系副词when 表示时间，where表示地点，why表示原因。
2. 使用关系副词的注意点
(1) how 不能用作关系副词，不要想当然地将how用作关系副词置于the way 后表示方式： 他说话就是那个样子。
误：This is the way how he spoke.
正：This is how he spoke. / This is the way (that, in which) he spoke.
(2) 关系副词when和where既可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句，但why只能引导限制性定语从句，不能引导非限制性定语从句(若引导非限制性定语从句，可用for which reason)。
(3) 引导定语从句时，when 的先行词为时间，where的先行词为地点，why的先行词为原因(主要是the reason)，但是反过来却不一定：
Don’t forget the time (that) I’ve told you. 不要忘记我告诉你的时间。
This is the house (that) he bought recently. 这就是他最近买的那座房子。
Please tell me the reason (that) you know. 请告诉我你所知道的原因吧。
本题为when在从句中作时间状语，修饰先行词break。
13. ________ to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may influence genes in human bodies.
A. To expose B. Exposed C. Having exposed D. Being exposed
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：暴露在核辐射中，即使是很短的时间，也会影响人体的基因。根据句意可知，此处是动词短语be exposed to“暴露于”，作句子的主语，应用动名词形式。故选D。
14. ________ is known to all is that the outstanding academic atmosphere, as well as various festivals and sports, draws many students to our school.
A. It B. Which C. What D. As
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：众所周知，优秀的学术氛围，以及各种节日和体育活动，吸引了很多学生来我们学校。分析句子可知，空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，所以用what引导。故选C。
15. ______ you lose in life, don’t lose faith and hope, with which you can live a happy life and achieve your goals.
A. Whenever B. Wherever C. Whatever D. Whoever
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句连接词。句意：生活中无论失去什么，都不要失去信念和希望，有了信念和希望，你就能过上幸福的生活，实现你的目标。A. Whenever无论何时；B. Wherever无论在哪里；C. Whatever无论什么；D. Whoever无论谁。此处为让步状语从句，表示“无论什么”应用whatever引导，相当于no matter what。故选C。
天津市南开区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
1. — David was late for the biology class this morning.
—________ As far as I know, he never came late to class.
A. So what B. How come C. Why not D. What for
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——大卫今天早上生物课迟到了。——怎么会……（那样）？据我所知，他上课从不迟到。A. So what那又怎样；B. How come怎么会……（那样）；C. Why not为何不……（用来提建议）；D. What for为何目的。由“As far as I know, he never came late to class”可知，第二个说话人对大卫今天早上生物课迟到了表示惊讶，应该是问“怎么会……（那样）”，因此空格处是How come，故选B。
2. We’ve done a solid preparation so this is ________ our team is supposed to shine.
A. what B. whether C. which D. where
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查表语从句连接词。句意：我们已经做了充分的准备，所以这是我们的团队应该发光的地方。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，shine为不及物动词，从句中缺少地点状语，所以应该用连接副词where引导。故选D项。
3. Scientists ________ research in order to seek greater understanding of the brain, especially since the 1950s.
A. conducted B. have been conducted
C. have been conducting D. had conducted
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：尤其是自从二十世纪五十年代开始，为了寻求对大脑更好的了解科学家一直在进行相关研究。A. conducted实施，一般过去时；B. have been conducted被实施，现在完成时的被动语态；C. have been conducting实施，现在完成进行时；D. had conducted实施，过去完成时。分析句子结构，空格处作谓语，根据时间状语since the 1950s和句意“科学家一直在作研究”，可知本句强调动作从过去发生到现在仍在持续，应用现在完成进行时。故选C项。
4. Despite previous failed attempts, the scientists believed they would make a breakthrough in the ________ experiments.
A. subsequent B. critical C. primary D. independent
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管之前的尝试都失败了，但科学家们相信他们将在随后的实验中取得重大突破。A. subsequent随后的，接着的；B. critical关键的；C. primary主要的；D. independent独立的。根据前文的“previous failed attempts”可推断，此处说的是“科学家们相信他们将在随后的实验中取得重大突破”，空格处意为“随后的，接着的”，是subsequent。故选A。
5. —How did you make so rapid progress in your English Do you have any secrets
—No.Only ________ hard working.
A. in terms of B. in honor of C. by means of D. on behalf of
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：——你的英语怎么进步这么快 你有什么秘诀吗？——不。只有通过努力学习。A. in terms of就…方面而言；B. in honor of向…致敬；C. by means of依靠；D. on behalf of代表。根据句意，表示“通过”应该用by means of。故选C。
6. —I need to tell Kevin the conference has been canceled.
—_________ He’s already on his way.
A. The sooner the better. B. Don’t bother.
C. You’ve got me there. D. How could you
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我得告诉Kevin会议取消了。——越快越好。他已经在路上了。A. The sooner the better.越快越好。B. Don’t bother.不用麻烦了。C. You’ve got me there.你把我难住了。D. How could you 你怎么能这样？由“He’s already on his way”可知，第二个人的意思是越快告诉Kevin越好，因为Kevin已经在路上了，因此空格处意为“越快越好”。故选A。
7. These biological discoveries all help us understand the ________ for life on our planet, even in the most extreme circumstances.
A. component B. coverage C. capacity D. comprehension
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些生物学上的发现都有助于我们了解地球上生命的存在能力，即使是在最极端的环境下。A. component成分；B. coverage报道；C. capacity能力；D. comprehension理解。由“even in the most extreme circumstances”可知，句子表示“这些生物学上的发现都有助于我们了解地球上生命的存在能力，即使是在最极端的环境下”，空格处意为“能力”。故选C。
8. There are many mysteries about dinosaurs ________ we long to find explanations.
A. to which B. that C. with which D. for which
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：关于恐龙有许多谜团，我们渴望找到解释。分析句子成分可知，空处应为关系词引导定语从句，指代先行词“mysteries”，且在定语从句中充当介词for的宾语，因为固定用法explanations for sth. “……的解释”。故选D。
9. Its once-great cities fell into ruin, ________ various mysteries for later people to solve.
A. to leave B. leaving C. left D. having left
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：曾经伟大的城市都成了废墟，留下了许多谜团等待后人去解开。句中谓语是fell，空格处用非谓语动词，现在分词表示顺其自然的结果，因此空格处用现在分词作结果状语，故选B。
10. — I had a great time playing badminton with you today.
— Then let’s do it ________ . How about every Sunday
A. currently B. temporarily C. enormously D. regularly
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：——我今天和你打羽毛球玩得很开心。——那我们就定期去吧。每个星期天怎么样？A. currently目前；B. temporarily暂时地；C. enormously非常，极其；D. regularly定期地。由“How about every Sunday”可知，空格处所在的句子表示“我们就定期去吧”，空格处意为“定期地”。故选D。
11. It was the most disastrous space accident ever and it ________ people’s hearts.
A. threw light on B. played a part in
C. became accustomed to D. cast a shadow on
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这是有史以来最灾难性的太空事故，给人们的心灵投下了阴影。A. threw light on说明、阐述清楚；B. played a part in在……中起重要作用；C. became accustomed to习惯于……；D. cast a shadow on使……笼上阴影。根据前面的the most disastrous space accident ever可知，既然是最灾难性的事故，说明会给人们造成心理阴影。故选D项。
12. Various measures ________ in the years ahead to boost the economic development
A. are taken B. have been taken C. were taken D. will be taken
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：未来几年将采取各种措施促进经济发展。由句中时间状语in the years ahead“在今后几年”表示动作发生在将来，可知，此处动词应为一般将来时，主语measures和动词take为被动关系，所以应为一般将来时的被动语态结构。故选D项。
13. I had dreamed of this moment many times in my childhood. But when you finally make it it’s totally different from ________ you had imagined
A. when B. what C. that D. which
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：这一刻我在童年时梦想过很多次。但当你最终做到的时候，它和你想象的完全不同。分析句子可知，此处为连接代词what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作动词imagined的宾语成分，意为“一些事情”，满足句意要求。故选B项。
14. With no gravity to push against, astronauts’ bones and muscles ________become weak.
A. should B. must C. can D. need
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：由于没有重力的推动，宇航员的骨骼和肌肉可能会变得脆弱。A. should应该；B. must必须，一定；C. can能，可能（表可能性）；D. need需要。由“With no gravity to push against, astronauts’ bones and muscles”和“become weak”可知，句子表示“由于没有重力的推动，宇航员的骨骼和肌肉可能会变得脆弱”，空格处表示“可能会”，应用can表推测，故选C。
15. Believed _______ buried underwater by a tsunami in the fourth century AD, the ruins of Neapolis are almost 2, 000 years old.
A. to be B. to have been C. having D. being
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查不定式。句意：据说，在公元4世纪的一次海啸中，奈阿波利斯的废墟被埋在了水下，距今已有近2000年的历史。短语be believed to，意为“被认为，据说”，不定式后的动词和主语之间是被动关系，所以用不定式的被动语态，并且动词发生在Believed前面，应用完成式，故选B。
2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编
单项填空
天津市和平区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节：单项填空(共15 小题，每小题 1 分 ，满 分 15 分 )
从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中， 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. In the UK, when having dinner with your friends, you have to wait until everyone else ________ before you start eating.
A. has served B. is being served C. had been served D. has been served
2. ________ remains important is that we have an incredible desire to think and create, and that’s the real spirit of invention.
A. It B. That C. What D. As
3 Most of us would assume that urban development and climate change are ________ pushing the animals out of their natural habitats.
A. responsible for B. particular about C. beneficial to D. consistent with
4. With these words ________ in their ears, Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D-Day.
A. fading B. ringing C. swimming D. hanging
5. —Look. Here’s a quiz on events of the twentieth century.
—Oh, ________. I’m good at history.
A. you’ve got me there
B. I appreciate that
C. let me give it a try
D. it’s right under my nose
6. Computer graphics technology has now reached the point, ________ special effects can be used to do just about anything.
A. which B. whose C. where D. when
7. Hundreds of delighted students________ to welcome him who had raised money to build a well for them near their school.
A. worked out B. dropped out C. given out D. turned out
8. ________25 years ago next month, the club is holding a party for past and present members.
A. To be formed B. Having formed C. Formed D. Forming
9. You can often impress your boss by dressing in a businesslike way ________ others dress casually.
A. as long as B. even if C. before D. since
10. In some cases, local produce uses more energy and produces more greenhouse gases than produce grown a long way away, even ________ its transport.
A. taking into consideration B. keeping in order
C. bringing under control D. leaving out of service
11. People who lack adequate housing are found in every country of the world and, ________, in almost every community.
A. indeed B. otherwise C. however D. therefore
12. ---There’s a factory outside town that’s pumping chemicals into the river.
---How can they do that Isn’t it________ the law
A. under B. beyond C. over D. against
13. —Would you mind if I borrow your underwater camera for a diving trip to Florida
—________ But please be careful with it.
A. You’re kidding me. B. Sure, that’s fine.
C. It’s a piece of cake. D. Actually, I care.
14. In college, Spring Break is usually associated with the beach, parties and sleepless nights, bring about ________, free time and friends.
A. examination B. investigation C. relaxation D. promotion
15. —It’s nearly a quarter to eight. Beth hasn’t turned up yet.
—She________ the time. Why don’t I call and see what happened
A. shouldn’t have forgotten B. might have forgotten
C. needn’t have forgotten D. must have forgotten
天津市河东区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
二、单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. — I just can’t stop worrying about the interview tomorrow.
— ________! Everything will be OK.
A. Best wishes B. Good luck C. Look out D. Take it easy
2. I missed a ________ opportunity to become a millionaire.
A. gold B. golden C. handsome D. generous
3. As time ________, I became more and more confident.
A. went on B. went away C. went by D. went out
4. All foreign visitors are requested to ________ with the regulations in this area.
A. agree B. comply C. consent D. conform
5. If there is nothing more to do, we ________ as well go to bed.
A. should B. can C. would D. may
6. The organization assists people based on need and gives the top _______ to those in the most serious and immediate danger.
A. devotion B. division C. potential D. priority
7. He was on ________ phone when I paid ________ visit to him yesterday.
A. the; a B. the; the C. 不填; the D. the; 不填
8 You can’t imagine what difficulty we had ________home in the snowstorm.
A. walked B. walk
C. to walk D. walking
9. What the doctors really doubt is ________ the patient will recover from the serious disease soon.
A. whenever B. if C. whether D. that
10. — I didn’t do well in the exam. How about you
— I did ________ you.
A. as well as B. no better than C. no more than D. as long as
11. Richard can hardly ________ his brother in the photo, because it was taken years ago.
A. figure out B. speak out C. pick out D. work out
12. Nearly all the people ________ believe confidence is the key to success.
A. interviewing B. interviewed C. having interviewed D. to interview
13. In china, the number of cities is increasing ________development is recognized across the world.
A. where B. which C. whose D. that
14. ______ hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread.
A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Wherever D. However
15. — Did you enjoy your joumey to Italy, Barbara
— ________. We couldn’t have found a more romantic place.
A. All right B. Sounds great C. Not at all D. Absolutely
天津市河西区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节 单项填空（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
1. —If we work on the project together, we should be able to complete it ahead of schedule.
— ! Many hands make light work.
A. You bet B. Have fun C. Good job D. Forget it
2. To our delight, the boy who shows great _______ in playing football has been admitted to the university for his talent.
A. choice B. respect C. addition D. promise
3. Despite being taken from very different sources, the results are remarkably ____.
A consistent B. constant
C. contradictory D. controversial
4. A dog’s eating habit requires regular training before it is ________ established.
A. properly B. widely
C. originally D. temporarily
5. —Where do Dr. Smith and his assistant come from
—I’m not sure. but their English _______ Australia.
A. shows B. sounds C. suggests D. means
6. If you are _______ a food or drink, you can remove it from your diet.
A. cautious about B. allergic to C. satisfied with D. fond of
7. I wonder what makes him a good English teacher.
He ________ as a volunteer in the UK for two years, which helps him with his work a lot.
A. has served B. serves C. had served D. served
8. Don’t promise anything ______ you are one hundred percent sure.
A. whether B. after C. how D. unless
9. Though lacking the necessary working experience, my cousin got the job _______ her confidence and fexibility.
A. by virtue of B. in terms of C. in response to D. on top of
10. —It is said that Frank is very rich and is always changing his private cars . What is he
—________of a manager, I am not sure.
A. Somebody B. Anyone C. Something D. Anything
11. —It’s really tiring for me to stand in the queue for three hours to get the G-train ticket.
—You _______. You could have got one online.
A. mustn’t have B. shouldn’t have C. can’t have D. needn’t have
12. —Tom, how are you doing with the job hunting
—To be frank. I’m still hesitating whether to accept the position I _______ at the job fair.
A. had been offered B. was offered C. offered D. had offered
13. Some new ideas sometimes have to wait for years before _______.
A. fully accepting B. are fully accepted
C. being fully accepted D. having fully accepted
14. I think the teacher would like to know _______ I’ve been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note.
A. which B. why C. what D. how
15. Stress is everywhere and in fact it isn't such a bad thing ________ it is often supposed to be.
A. that B. as C. what D. which
天津市红桥区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节：单项填空(共15个小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. — I will go to the bank to pay for the electricity bill.
— _______ Actually, you can use Alipay.
A. Why bother B. So what C. Why not D. What for
2. Bamboo plants are _______ with health, abundance and a happy home, which makes them popular during the Chinese New Year.
A. content B. covered C. associated D. particular
3. Everyone who reached the top of Mount Tai was ______ with a magnificent view.
A. awarded B. admired C. rewarded D. appreciated
4. — We would appreciate it if you could stay for lunch.
— Sorry, I . I have another appointment.
A. won’t B. shan’t C. can’t D. mustn’t
5. It’s a tradition that, at the wedding ceremony, the hands of the bride and groom would be tied together with a length of ribbon to symbolize that their lives were fastened together______.
A. necessarily B. deliberately C. permanently D. temporarily
6. —Thank you for your dictionary. I’ll return it as soon as I can.
— . I’ve got another one to spare.
A. No problem B. No hurry C. With pleasure D. Nothing much
7. —Are you waiting for a bus from the office of the City Government
—Yes. I arrived here at the bus stop ten minutes ago, but the bus .
A. hadn’t come B. won’t come C. didn’t come D. hasn’t come
8. Would you please ___ the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes
A. look around B. look into C. look up D. look through
9. In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message ________ within the work.
A. to hide B. hidden
C. hiding D. being hidden
10. good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Tianjin dishes.
A. Instead of B. Apart from C. Far from D. Regardless of
11. —Why not take my car to the museum instead of walking
—No, thanks_________.
A. I’m used to B. I’m able to C. I’m about to D. I’ve got to
12. I felt very happy to get a one-month break from work last year I could travel with my family to Paris.
A. where B. when C. which D. that
13. ________ to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may influence genes in human bodies.
A. To expose B. Exposed C. Having exposed D. Being exposed
14. ________ is known to all is that the outstanding academic atmosphere, as well as various festivals and sports, draws many students to our school.
A. It B. Which C. What D. As
15. ______ you lose in life, don’t lose faith and hope, with which you can live a happy life and achieve your goals.
A. Whenever B. Wherever C. Whatever D. Whoever
天津市南开区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分)
从A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
例： Stand over there ________you’ll be able to see it better.
A. or B. and C. but D. while
答案是B。
1. — David was late for the biology class this morning.
—________ As far as I know, he never came late to class.
A. So what B. How come C. Why not D. What for
2. We’ve done a solid preparation so this is ________ our team is supposed to shine.
A. what B. whether C. which D. where
3. Scientists ________ research in order to seek greater understanding of the brain, especially since the 1950s.
A. conducted B. have been conducted
C. have been conducting D. had conducted
4. Despite previous failed attempts, the scientists believed they would make a breakthrough in the ________ experiments.
A. subsequent B. critical C. primary D. independent
5. —How did you make so rapid progress in your English Do you have any secrets
—No.Only ________ hard working.
A. in terms of B. in honor of C. by means of D. on behalf of
6. —I need to tell Kevin the conference has been canceled.
—_________ He’s already on his way.
A. The sooner the better. B. Don’t bother.
C. You’ve got me there. D. How could you
7. These biological discoveries all help us understand the ________ for life on our planet, even in the most extreme circumstances.
A. component B. coverage C. capacity D. comprehension
8. There are many mysteries about dinosaurs ________ we long to find explanations.
A. to which B. that C. with which D. for which
9. Its once-great cities fell into ruin, ________ various mysteries for later people to solve.
A. to leave B. leaving C. left D. having left
10. — I had a great time playing badminton with you today.
— Then let’s do it ________ . How about every Sunday
A. currently B. temporarily C. enormously D. regularly
11. It was the most disastrous space accident ever and it ________ people’s hearts.
A. threw light on B. played a part in
C. became accustomed to D. cast a shadow on
12. Various measures ________ in the years ahead to boost the economic development
A. are taken B. have been taken C. were taken D. will be taken
13. I had dreamed of this moment many times in my childhood. But when you finally make it it’s totally different from ________ you had imagined
A. when B. what C. that D. which
14. With no gravity to push against, astronauts’ bones and muscles ________become weak.
A. should B. must C. can D. need
15. Believed _______ buried underwater by a tsunami in the fourth century AD, the ruins of Neapolis are almost 2, 000 years old.
A. to be B. to have been C. having D. being
答案：
天津市和平区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
1. In the UK, when having dinner with your friends, you have to wait until everyone else ________ before you start eating.
A. has served B. is being served C. had been served D. has been served
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：在英国，当你和你的朋友共进晚餐时，你必须等到所有人都就坐后才开始吃饭。分析句子可知，空格处缺少谓语动词，句中指你必须等到所有人都就坐后才开始吃饭，强调“所有人都就坐”的动作已经完成，应用现在完成时，“everyone else”意为“所有人”，于“serve”为被动关系，故句子应用现在完成时的被动语态，“everyone else”作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。故选D项。
2. ________ remains important is that we have an incredible desire to think and create, and that’s the real spirit of invention.
A. It B. That C. What D. As
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：重要的是，我们有一种难以置信的思考和创造的欲望，这才是真正的发明精神。分析句子可知，句子为主语从句，空格处单词引导从句，从句中缺少主语，指事物，没有选择范围，故应用“what”引导从句，句首单词首字母大写。故选C项。
3. Most of us would assume that urban development and climate change are ________ pushing the animals out of their natural habitats.
A. responsible for B. particular about C. beneficial to D. consistent with
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们大多数人会认为城市发展和气候变化是导致动物离开自然栖息地的原因。A. be responsible for对……负责；B.be particular about特别注意；C.be beneficial to对……有益；D. be consistent with保持一致。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语be responsible for“对……负责”，满足句意要求。
4. With these words ________ in their ears, Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D-Day.
A. fading B. ringing C. swimming D. hanging
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着这些话在他们耳边回响，盟军士兵为诺曼底登陆做准备。A. fading褪色； B. ringing回响；响彻； C. swimming游泳； D. hanging悬挂。结合空后“in their ears”，可知此处指话语在耳边回响，故选B。
5. —Look. Here’s a quiz on events of the twentieth century.
—Oh, ________. I’m good at history.
A. you’ve got me there
B. I appreciate that
C. let me give it a try
D. it’s right under my nose
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——看。这里有一个关于二十世纪事件小测验。——哦，让我试试。我擅长历史。根据下文语境“I’m good at history.”可知，擅长历史的一方想试试这个关于历史的小测验，此处为句子let me give it a try“让我试一试”，满足句意要求。故选C项。
6. Computer graphics technology has now reached the point, ________ special effects can be used to do just about anything.
A. which B. whose C. where D. when
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：计算机图形技术现在已经达到了这样一个地步，特殊效果可以用来做任何事情。分析句子可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“point”，在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词“where”引导从句。故选C项。
7. Hundreds of delighted students________ to welcome him who had raised money to build a well for them near their school.
A. worked out B. dropped out C. given out D. turned out
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。 句意：数百名高兴的学生出来欢迎他，他们已经筹集到了资金，为他们在学校附近建造了一口井。A. worked out锻炼；B. dropped out辍学；C. given out分发；D. turned out走出来。根据空后“to welcome him”可知，此出处指学生高兴地出来欢迎他。故选D。
8. ________25 years ago next month, the club is holding a party for past and present members.
A. To be formed B. Having formed C. Formed D. Forming
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：下个月，25年前成立的俱乐部将为过去和现在的会员举行聚会。逗号前的内容在句中为状语，句子主语the club和动词form为动宾关系，所以此处用过去分词，故选C。
9. You can often impress your boss by dressing in a businesslike way ________ others dress casually.
A. as long as B. even if C. before D. since
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：即使别人穿得很随意，你也可以通过穿得有条不紊来给老板留下深刻印象。A. as long as只要； B. even if 即使；C. before在……之前； D. since自从。分析句子可知，空处及之后的内容在句中为让步状语从句，意义上为“尽管，纵然”，故选B。
10. In some cases, local produce uses more energy and produces more greenhouse gases than produce grown a long way away, even ________ its transport.
A. taking into consideration B. keeping in order
C. bringing under control D. leaving out of service
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在某些情况下，即使考虑到其运输，当地的农产品使用的能源和产生的温室气体也比远地种植的农产品多。A. taking into consideration考虑到；B. keeping in order维持秩序；C. bringing under control治理，把……控制住；D. leaving out of service停用，停止服务。根据句意可知，句中指考虑到运输成本，把当地的农产品和远地种植的农产品进行对比，“taking into consideration”意为“考虑到”，符合语境。故选A项。
11. People who lack adequate housing are found in every country of the world and, ________, in almost every community.
A. indeed B. otherwise C. however D. therefore
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：世界上每个国家，实际上几乎每个社区都有缺乏适足住房的人。A. indeed实际上； B. otherwise否则； C. however然而； D. therefore因此。结合空后的内容可知，此处表示对前文“in every country of the world”来补充，表示“实际上”。故选A。
12. ---There’s a factory outside town that’s pumping chemicals into the river.
---How can they do that Isn’t it________ the law
A. under B. beyond C. over D. against
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：——城外有一家工厂正在向河里排放化学药品。——他们怎么能那样做呢？这不是违法的吗？A. under在……之下；B. beyond超过；C. over在……上面；D. against对抗，违反。根据句意可知，此处为介词against“违背，对抗”，agaist the law“违法”满足句意要求。故选D项。
13. —Would you mind if I borrow your underwater camera for a diving trip to Florida
—________ But please be careful with it.
A. You’re kidding me. B. Sure, that’s fine.
C. It’s a piece of cake. D. Actually, I care.
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——你介意我借你的水下摄影机去佛罗里达潜水吗？——行，没问题。但请小心点。A. You’re kidding me.你在开玩笑；B. Sure, that’s fine.行，没问题；C. It’s a piece of cake.小菜一碟；D. Actually, I care.事实上，我在意。结合空后的回答可以看出，回答者对请求是同意的。故选B。
14. In college, Spring Break is usually associated with the beach, parties and sleepless nights, bring about ________, free time and friends.
A. examination B. investigation C. relaxation D. promotion
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在大学里，寒假通常与海滩、派对和不眠之夜联系在一起，带来放松、自由时间和朋友。A. examination考试； B. investigation调查；C. relaxation放松； D. promotion促进；提升。结合句中“Spring Break”可知，休假往往会带给人们放松，故选C。
15. —It’s nearly a quarter to eight. Beth hasn’t turned up yet.
—She________ the time. Why don’t I call and see what happened
A. shouldn’t have forgotten B. might have forgotten
C. needn’t have forgotten D. must have forgotten
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词+have done用法。句意：——现在快八点一刻了。贝丝还没出现。——她也许忘记了时间。我为什么不打电话看看发生了什么？根据句意可知，贝丝没有按时出现，我想打电话看看发生了什么，由此可知，贝丝也许忘记了时间，“might have done”表示“也许已经做了某事”，符合语境，“shouldn’t have done”表示“本不该做某事，而实际上做了”，“needn’t have done”表示“本不必做某事，而实际上做了”，“must have done”表示“必定做了某事（表示对过去的推测）”，均不符合语境。故选B项。
天津市河东区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
1. — I just can’t stop worrying about the interview tomorrow.
— ________! Everything will be OK.
A. Best wishes B. Good luck C. Look out D. Take it easy
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我控制不住地担心明天的面试。——放轻松！一切都会顺利的。A. Best wishes向你致以最美好的祝福；B. Good luck祝你好运；C. Look out当心；D. Take it easy放轻松。根据对话语境可知，该处应使用Take it easy，表示对朋友面对即将到来的面试忐忑不安的心情，予以宽慰鼓励，故选D。
2. I missed a ________ opportunity to become a millionaire.
A. gold B. golden C. handsome D. generous
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我错过了一个成为百万富翁的绝佳机会。A. gold金色的；B. golden极好的、有益的；C. handsome英俊的、帅气的；D. generous慷慨的、大方的。固定短语golden opportunity为经典俚语，意为“绝佳的好机会”；且golden意为“绝佳的、极好的”，也符合题意。故选B项。
3. As time ________, I became more and more confident.
A. went on B. went away C. went by D. went out
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着时间的流逝，我变得越来越自信。A. went on继续；B. went away走开；C. went by经过，时间流逝；D. went out出去，熄灭。由语意可知，随着时间的流逝，我变得越来越自信。故选C项。
4. All foreign visitors are requested to ________ with the regulations in this area.
A. agree B. comply C. consent D. conform
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有外国游客都需要遵守这片区域的管理规定。A. agree同意；B. comply遵守；C. consent允许；同意D. conform遵守；与……一致。comply with为固定搭配，意为“遵守（规定、规则或协议等）”，conform搭配介词to才能表示“遵守”，故选B。
5. If there is nothing more to do, we ________ as well go to bed.
A. should B. can C. would D. may
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：如果没什么别的事要做，我们不如去睡觉。固定短语may/might as well意为“倒不如”、“不妨”符合句意，一般用于给出建议。故选D项。
6. The organization assists people based on need and gives the top _______ to those in the most serious and immediate danger.
A. devotion B. division C. potential D. priority
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该组织根据需要为人们提供帮助，并对那些处于最严重和最紧迫危险中的人给予优先考虑。A. devotion献身；B. division分开；C. potential潜能；D. priority优先事项。根据后文“those in the most serious and immediate danger”指优先考虑处于最严重和最紧迫危险中的人，应用give the top priority to。故选D。
7. He was on ________ phone when I paid ________ visit to him yesterday.
A. the; a B. the; the C. 不填; the D. the; 不填
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查冠词。句意：昨天我去拜访他时，他正在打电话。 on the phone意为“在打电话”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用定冠词the。pay a visit to sb意为“拜访某人”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用不定冠词a。故选A。
8. You can’t imagine what difficulty we had ________home in the snowstorm.
A. walked B. walk
C. to walk D. walking
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你无法想象我们在暴风雪中步行回家有多么困难。本题考查have difficulty (in) doing sth.短语的变式运用。difficulty在句中充当先行词，其后为定语从句，所以用动名词作宾语。故选D。
9. What the doctors really doubt is ________ the patient will recover from the serious disease soon.
A. whenever B. if C. whether D. that
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查表语从句连接词。句意：医生真正怀疑是病人是否将很快从这个严重的疾病中恢复。A. whenever无论什么时候；B. if如果，是否；C. whether是否；D. that引导名词性从句时无实意。分析句子成分可知，be动词“is”后面接了表语从句，根据句意“the doctors really doubt”，说明医生不确定是否病人会恢复，if可以表示是否，但不能引导表语从句，只能用whether。故选C项。
10. — I didn’t do well in the exam. How about you
— I did ________ you.
A. as well as B. no better than C. no more than D. as long as
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：——我考试发挥的不好。你呢？——我发挥的和你一样不好。A. as well as不但……而且；B. no better than 和……一样不好；C. no more than仅仅，不超过；D. as long as只要。由语意可知，两个人考试发挥的都不好，故选B项。
11. Richard can hardly ________ his brother in the photo, because it was taken years ago.
A. figure out B. speak out C. pick out D. work out
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：理查德几乎都认不出照片里的兄弟了，因为这张照片是十年前拍摄的。A. figure out弄清楚、搞明白；B. speak out说出；C. pick out分辨出、挑选；D. work out计算出、产生结果。结合句意，照片是十年前拍摄的，很显然照片里的人变化了很多，所以应该是认不出来了；C项“分辨出”符合题意。故选C项。
12. Nearly all the people ________ believe confidence is the key to success.
A. interviewing B. interviewed C. having interviewed D. to interview
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：几乎被采访的所有人都认为信心是成功的关键。分析句子成分，谓语动词为空后believe，故空处需要用到非谓语的形式，作定语；结合句意，题干并不强调谓语动词和非谓语动词之间的先后关系；主语People与非谓语动词interview构成动宾关系，指“被采访的人”，故需要用过去分词done的形式表示被动关系。故选B项。
13. In china, the number of cities is increasing ________development is recognized across the world.
A. where B. which C. whose D. that
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在中国，城市的数量在增加，城市的发展得到了世界的公认。名词development与先行词cities之间是所属关系, 所以用关系代词whose。故选C。
14. ______ hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread.
A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Wherever D. However
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论我多么饿，我似乎从来也吃不了一块面包。本句为让步状语从句，however 后面接形容词和副词+主语+谓语。故选D项。
15. — Did you enjoy your joumey to Italy, Barbara
— ________. We couldn’t have found a more romantic place.
A. All right B. Sounds great C. Not at all D. Absolutely
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。——芭芭拉，你的意大利之行愉快吗？——当然了。我们找不到一个比它更浪漫的地方了。A. All right可以的，好吧；B. Sounds great听起来很棒；C. Not at all一点也不；D. Absolutely绝对地，当然。根据后文句意可知，她的意大利之行非常愉快，所以是肯定的答复。故选D项。
【答案】41. A 42. B 43. C 44. D 45. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要描述了作者通过AFS申请成为了一个接纳交换生的寄宿家庭。她与交换生西蒙娜结成了深厚的友谊。这也成为了她宝贵的人生回忆。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“When I was a high school student, a close friend went to New Zealand as an exchange student and I was very curious. I wasn’t able to become an exchange student myself, but I began talking to my parents about possibility of becoming a host family to see it. (在我上高中的时候，我的一个好朋友去新西兰做交换生，我很好奇。我自己没法成为一名交换生，但我开始和父母讨论成为寄宿家庭的可能性)”可知，作者对交换生活动很感兴趣，也想作为寄宿家庭接纳一位交换生，故选A项。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Our school had an active AFS (American Field Service) chapter, so we got information about hosting a student through AFS. (我们学校有一个活跃的AFS(美国现场服务)分会，所以我们通过AFS获得了关于接待学生的信息)”和第二段中“After further exploration, we decided to go for it. We received a student’s brief introduction”（经过进一步的探索，我们决定去做。我们收到了一个学生的简短介绍）第四段“AFS began making the arrangements for Simone to come to America for her year as an exchange student. (AFS开始安排西蒙娜作为交换生来美国学习一年。)”可知，作者是通过向AFS递交申请，经该结构介绍，认识了西蒙娜。故选B项。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Our school had an active AFS (American Field Service) chapter, so we got information about hosting a student through AFS. (我们学校有一个活跃的AFS(美国现场服务)分会，所以我们通过AFS获得了关于接待学生的信息)和第二段“We received a student’s brief introduction We looked over the pictures and her family and read the introduction.”(我们收到了一个交换生的简介。看了照片和她的家庭，并阅读了介绍)”可知，AFS为有意申请成为寄宿家庭的人提供了很多帮助，包括提供交换生真实的简介材料以及申请须知等等，故选C项。
【44题详解】
细节排序题。根据第一段“Our school had an active AFS (American Field Service) chapter, so we got information about hosting a student through AFS. (我们学校有一个活跃的AFS分会，所以我们通过AFS获得了关于接待学生的信息)”和第二段“We received a student’s brief introduction We looked over the pictures and her family and read the introduction. (我们看了一个学生的照片，并阅读她的个人及家庭情况介绍)”和第三段“After informing AFs that we’d accept the student, we had the opportunity to call her on the phone and began writing to her. (在通知AFs我们将接受该学生后，我们有机会给她打电话，并开始给她写信)”和第四段“During the year of Simone’s stay, we had our ups and downs. (西蒙妮住在这里的那一年，我们的关系起起伏伏)”可知，申请成为接受交换生的寄宿家庭的整个流程包括：先了解接受学生的信息，再审查交换生的介绍材料，然后通讯交流，最后住在一起，故选D项。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Now, 18 years after first welcoming Simone into our family, she is still important to us. We have kept in close contact in the years since she left America. (现在，在西蒙妮第一次加入我们的家庭18年后，她对我们仍然很重要。她离开美国后，我们一直保持密切联系)”可知，作者与西蒙娜之间结成了深厚真挚的友谊，故选C项。
【答案】46. A 47. C 48. D 49. A 50. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要说明了建立国际空间站的重要性及遇到的挑战。
【46题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段前三句“The international space station is an important step we should take in space exploration. It is not only helpful but also essential. It provides a proper space environment for many experiments that we have wanted to do for a long time.”（国际空间站是我们太空探索的重要一步。不仅有助于太空探索，而且是非常重要的，它为许多我们一直以来就渴望做的实验提供了合适的太空环境。）可知，作者肯定了国际空间站的作用，对于国际空间站的发展持支持的态度。故选A项。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“In a word, if we want to explore space more, the first thing we should do is to set up a space station.”（总之，如果我们想更多的探索太空，首要的事情就是建立空间站。）说明建立空间站对于探索太空来说是必要的。故选C项。
【48题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“As the space station costs a lot of money, it is hard for one country alone to establish one. ”（建立空间站耗费巨大，所以任何一个单独的国家都很难完成。）及最后一句“It is really a job that needs everyone’s effort and will benefit everyone.”（这真的需要每个人的努力，也将会使所有人获益。）说明建立空间站投资大，需要合作，最终也会使所有人受益，所以D项“它离地球太远了。”不是各国合作建设国际空间站的理由。故选D项。
【49题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句“The USA seems to be the only country that has the ability to build a space station alone, and it has tried to do so, but not very successful. ”（美国似乎是唯一有能力独立建立空间站的国家，它也尝试这样做了，但并不理想。）可知，美国独立建立空间站的尝试并不特别成功，所以它决定联合其他国家。故“aggregated”是“联合”的意思。故选A项。
【50题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段第一句“The international space station is an important step we should take in space exploration.”（国际空间站是我们太空探索的重要一步。）并结合第二段的内容，主要说明了空间站的重要性。第三段第一句“As the space station costs a lot of money, it is hard for one country alone to establish one. ”（建立空间站耗费巨大，所以任何一个单独的国家都很难完成。）说明了建立空间站遇到的困难。第三段第三句“So it aggregated many other countries to work on it together.”（所以它决定联合其他国家一起合作。）说明共同合作建立空间站。所以文章没有提及具体的安排。故选D项。
【答案】51. A 52. D 53. C 54. B 55. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在语言的发展过程中，到底是谁创造了语法体系还不得而知，并通过列举专家的观点和证据，说明了很多语言的起源。
【51题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“They have little in the way of grammar, and speakers need to use too many words to make their meaning understood. (它们几乎没有语法规则可言，说话者需要使用繁复的单词来让别人理解他们的意思)”可知，奴隶们使用的混杂语表意含糊不清，很难理解。故选A项。
【52题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“It was based on the signs of the older children, but it was shorter and easier to understand, and it had a largerange of special use of grammar to clarify the meaning. (它是基于大孩子的手势，但它更简短，更容易理解，并且有更广泛的特殊语法使用来阐明意思)”可知，新的尼加拉瓜手语比之前的手势语表达意思更精准明确，故选D项。
【53题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Most experts believe that many of the languages were pidgins at first. They were initially used in different groups of people without standardization(标准化)and gradually evolved into a widely accepted system. (大多数专家认为，许多语言最初都是混杂语。它们最初在不同人群中使用，没有标准化，逐渐演变成一个被广泛接受的系统)”以及紧接着所举的英语中的过去式——“ed”结尾——可能是从动词“do”演变而来的这一例子可知，英语曾经是一种混杂语的说法，已被人们广泛接受，故选C项。
【54题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Most experts believe that many of the languages were pidgins at first. (大多数专家认为，很多语言起初是以混杂语的形式存在)”可知，很多语言最初是以混杂语形式存在的，即：并无标准化规范并且会逐渐演变，划线词含义接近“起初；一开始”之意，故选B项。
【55题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“However, the question which many language experts can’t understand and explain is who created grammar (然而，许多语言专家不能理解和解释的问题是谁创造了语法 )”可知，这篇文章主要介绍了在语言的发展过程中，到底是谁创造了语法体系还不得而知，故选A项。
天津市河西区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
1. —If we work on the project together, we should be able to complete it ahead of schedule.
— ! Many hands make light work.
A. You bet B. Have fun C. Good job D. Forget it
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查情境对话。句意：——如果我们一起做这个项目，我们应该能提前完成。——当然了!人多好办事。A. You bet当然了，肯定的 ；B. Have fun玩的开心；C. Good job做的好；D. Forget it算了吧。根据后面的“人多力量大”，可知对话中的人是肯定上句说的话，因此“You bet（当然了）”符合语境，故选A。
2. To our delight, the boy who shows great _______ in playing football has been admitted to the university for his talent.
A. choice B. respect C. addition D. promise
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我们高兴的是，那个在踢足球方面大有前途的男孩因他的天赋被大学录取了。A. choice 选择；B. respect 尊重、尊敬；C. addition 增加；B. promise 前途、获得成功的迹象、承诺。根据句意，这个男孩被大学录取是因为他在足球方面的天赋，说明他在踢足球方面是大有前途的。故选D。
3. Despite being taken from very different sources, the results are remarkably ____.
A. consistent B. constant
C. contradictory D. controversial
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管来自非常不同的来源，但结果是非常一致的。A. consistent一致的；B. constant不断的；C. contradictory对立的；D. controversial有争议的。根据句意可知，句中指尽管来源不同，但结果是一致的，“consistent”意为“一致的”，形容词词性，在句中作表语，符合句意。故选A项。
4. A dog’s eating habit requires regular training before it is ________ established.
A. properly B. widely
C. originally D. temporarily
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查副词辨析。句意：在狗的饮食习惯被正确地建立之前，需要定期的训练。A. properly正确地；B. widely广泛地；C. originally最初；D. temporarily临时地。狗的饮食习惯不可能是被“广泛地、最初地、临时地”建立，故选A。
5. —Where do Dr. Smith and his assistant come from
—I’m not sure. but their English _______ Australia.
A shows B. sounds C. suggests D. means
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：——史密斯医生和他的助手来自哪里？——我不确定，但他们的英语使人想到澳大利亚。A. shows展示；B. sounds听起来；C.suggests使想到，表明；D. means意味着。结合语意，后者并不确定他们来自哪里，但是他们的英语使人想到澳大利亚，空处应用动词suggests，表示“使想到，表明”。故选C项。
6. If you are _______ a food or drink, you can remove it from your diet.
A. cautious about B. allergic to C. satisfied with D. fond of
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：如果你对食物或饮料过敏，你可以将其从饮食中去除。A. (be) cautious about对……小心；B. (be) allergic to对……过敏；C. (be) satisfied with对……满意；D. (be) fond of对……喜欢。由“remove it from your diet”可知，应该是对食物或饮料过敏。故选B项。
7. I wonder what makes him a good English teacher.
He ________ as a volunteer in the UK for two years, which helps him with his work a lot.
A. has served B. serves C. had served D. served
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：——我不知道是什么使他成为一个好的英语老师。——他在英国做了两年的志愿者，这对他的工作帮助很大。这里指在过去某段时间内发生过的事，在陈述一件过去的事实，所以用一般过去时态，故答案为D。
8. Don’t promise anything ______ you are one hundred percent sure.
A. whether B. after C. how D. unless
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：除非你有百分之百的把握，否则不要答应任何事。A. whether是否；B. after在……之后；C. how如何；D. unless除非。表示“除非你有百分之百的把握”，用unless引导该条件状语从句。故选D。
9. Though lacking the necessary working experience, my cousin got the job _______ her confidence and fexibility.
A. by virtue of B. in terms of C. in response to D. on top of
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：虽然缺乏必要的工作经验，但我表姐凭借她的自信和灵活性得到了这份工作。A.by virtue of凭借；B.in terms of依据；C.in response to响应；D.on top of另外。根据“her confidence and fexibility”可知，此处是指凭借她的自信和灵活性得到了这份工作。故选A。
10. —It is said that Frank is very rich and is always changing his private cars . What is he
—________of a manager, I am not sure.
A. Somebody B. Anyone C. Something D. Anything
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查不定代词辨析。句意：——据说弗兰克很有钱，经常换他的私家车。他是干什么的 ——可能是经理人，我不确定。A.Somebody某个人； B.Anyone 任何人；C.Something（表示不确切的描述或数量）大致，左右； D.Anything（用于否定句、疑问句）任何东西；任何事物。根据句意可知，答语表示不确定的事，所以选项C符合题意，故选C。
11. —It’s really tiring for me to stand in the queue for three hours to get the G-train ticket.
—You _______. You could have got one online.
A. mustn’t have B. shouldn’t have C. can’t have D. needn’t have
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词+have done的用法。句意：——排队三个小时才能买到G型列车车票，对我来说真的很累。——你不需要这样。你可以在网上买一张。A. mustn’t have (done)肯定没有做；B. shouldn’t have (done)本应该做；C. can’t have (done)不能够做；D. needn’t have (done)本不必做。根据下文“You could have got one online.”可知，此处表示对过去事实的相反假设，应用“情态动词+have done”结构，答语是简略回答，have是助动词，标志着完成时态，不可省略。结合语意，你能来可以在网上买票，所以你本不必排队三小时去买车票的，应用needn’t have (done)。故选D项。
12. —Tom, how are you doing with the job hunting
—To be frank. I’m still hesitating whether to accept the position I _______ at the job fair.
A. had been offered B. was offered C. offered D. had offered
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：——你找工作的事情怎么样了？——说实话，我还在犹豫是否接受人才市场上给我提供的职位。根据句子语境可知，我是找工作的，所以应该是：我被提供工作，主语I与offer之间为被动关系，句中需要被动语态，根据上下文，被提供工作是在过去，所以本句用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。
13. Some new ideas sometimes have to wait for years before _______.
A. fully accepting B. are fully accepted
C. being fully accepted D. having fully accepted
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词的被动式。句意：有些新想法有时需要等待数年才能被完全接受。before为介词，而并非连词，因此后面用动名词，ideas与accept有逻辑上被动关系，因此本空用动名词的被动式。故选C项。
14. I think the teacher would like to know _______ I’ve been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note.
A. which B. why C. what D. how
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我想老师想知道我到目前为止都做了些什么，所以我决定给他发个便条。设空处引导宾语从句，从句中短语be up to...缺少宾语，故应用连接代词what来引导该宾语从句，在从句中宾语，意为“(做了些什么)事情”。故选C。
15. Stress is everywhere and in fact it isn't such a bad thing ________ it is often supposed to be.
A. that B. as C. what D. which
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：压力无处不在，事实上它并不像人们认为的那样是一件坏事。分析句子结构以及句意可知，此空引导定语从句，先行词是a bad thing，在从句中做be后表语，结合选项，用关系代词引导，且先行词前有such修饰，所以此处只能用as引导，故选B。
天津市红桥区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
1. — I will go to the bank to pay for the electricity bill.
— _______ Actually, you can use Alipay.
A. Why bother B. So what C. Why not D. What for
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我要去银行交电费。——何必麻烦呢？实际上，你可以使用支付宝。A. Why bother何苦，何必麻烦；B. So what那又怎样？C. Why not为什么不呢？D. What for为何？根据语境，空白处应该是认为去银行交电费太麻烦了，且后面给出了简单的方法，结合选项，故选A。
2. Bamboo plants are _______ with health, abundance and a happy home, which makes them popular during the Chinese New Year.
A. content B. covered C. associated D. particular
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：竹子与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起，这使得它们在中国新年期间很受欢迎。A. content满足的；B. covered被覆盖的；C. associated相关的；D. particular特别的。be associated with与……相联系。根据“which makes them popular during the Chinese New Year.”可知，竹子使人联想起健康、富足和幸福美满的家。故选C。
3. Everyone who reached the top of Mount Tai was ______ with a magnificent view.
A. awarded B. admired C. rewarded D. appreciated
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：登上泰山的每个人都能以看到壮丽的景色作为奖赏。A. awarded授予；B. admired钦佩；C. rewarded奖赏；D. appreciated欣赏。根据后文with a magnificent view可知此处是指给登上泰山的人以壮丽的景色作为奖赏，应用reward，短语be rewarded with表示“得到……的奖赏”，award侧重指官方或经正式研究裁决后对有功者或竞赛优胜者所给予的奖励，与语境不符。故选C。
【点睛】award和reward词义辨析：
award n.奖, 奖品 vt.授予, 判给
reward n.报酬; 报答; 赏金; 酬金 vt.酬谢，奖赏; 报答
1.award：侧重指官方或经正式研究裁决后对有功者或竞赛优胜者所给予的奖励。
例如：They awarded John the first prize.他们授予约翰一等奖。
2.reward：指对品德高尚和勤劳的人所给予的奖励。也可指为某事付酬金。
例如：The police are offering a big reward for information about the robbery.警方出大笔赏金要求提供那起回抢劫案的破案线索。
4. — We would appreciate it if you could stay for lunch.
— Sorry, I . I have another appointment.
A. won’t B. shan’t C. can’t D. mustn’t
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——如果你能留下来吃午饭我将不胜感激的。——很抱歉，我不能，我有一个约会。由“我有一个约会”可知，不能留下来吃午饭，can’t 表示不能，故选C。
5. It’s a tradition that, at the wedding ceremony, the hands of the bride and groom would be tied together with a length of ribbon to symbolize that their lives were fastened together______.
A. necessarily B. deliberately C. permanently D. temporarily
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这是一个传统，在婚礼上，新娘和新郎的手会用一根丝带系在一起，象征他们的生活永远地绑在一起。A. necessarily必要地；B. deliberately故意地；C. permanently永久地；D. temporarily临时地。结合语境，丝带将新娘和新郎系在一起是为了象征他们永远被绑在一起的。其它选项不符合语境。故选C。
6. —Thank you for your dictionary. I’ll return it as soon as I can.
— . I’ve got another one to spare.
A. No problem B. No hurry C. With pleasure D. Nothing much
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——谢谢你的字典。我会尽快还给你的。——不急。我还有一个备用的。A. No problem 不麻烦，没什么，没事儿，非常容易；B. No hurry 不忙，不必着急，有充裕的时间；C. With pleasure 愉快地，高兴地，没问题；D. Nothing much 非常少。根据第二个人所说的“我还有一个备用的”可知，空格处应该填入No hurry（不急），来应答第一个人的话。故选B项。
7. —Are you waiting for a bus from the office of the City Government
—Yes. I arrived here at the bus stop ten minutes ago, but the bus .
A. hadn’t come B. won’t come C. didn’t come D. hasn’t come
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：——你在等市政府办公室的公共汽车吗 ——是的。我十分钟前就到了公共汽车站，但是公共汽车还没来。根据句意可知，第二个人说话时，公共汽车还没来到，所以空格处应该用现在完成时表示“过去的某一动作一直持续到现在，并且还有可能继续持续下去”。故选D项。
8. Would you please ___ the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes
A. look around B. look into C. look up D. look through
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：你能帮我仔细检查试卷，看看有没有明显的错误吗？A. look around环顾；B. look into调查；C. look up查找；D. look through浏览。根据句意，尤其是“if there are any obvious mistakes”可知，此处用look through“检查”复合语境。故选D。
【点睛】
9. In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message ________ within the work.
A. to hide B. hidden
C. hiding D. being hidden
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在艺术批评中，你必须假定艺术家在作品中隐藏着一个秘密信息。句中有谓语动词has，所以这里用非谓语动词；message与hide是被动关系，故用过去分词表示被动意义，故选B项。
【点睛】过去分词作定语，在语态上，表被动；在时间上，表示动作已经发生或完成，与它所修饰的名词有逻辑（意义）上的动宾关系。过去分词作定语表示动作在谓语动作之前发生，已经完成并具有被动意义。作定语的过去分词一般由及物动词变来，因为只有及物动词才有被动意义。如：
1. He is a teacher loved by his students. 他是个很受学生爱戴的老师。
也有用不及物动词的过去分词作定语的情况，一般作前置定语，它不表示被动意义，只表示主动意义，强调动作完成。如：
fallen leaves落叶 retired workers退休工人 the risen sun升起的太阳
注意下面过去分词作定语的几种情况：
一、单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前，也可以放名词后作后置定语，用以强调动作。如：
1. We needed much more qualified workers. 我们需要更多的合格的工人。
2. My friend is a returned student. 我的朋友是个归国的留学生。
3. They decided to change the material used. 他们决定更换使用的材料。
二、过去分词短语放在被修饰的名词后面，作后置定语时，其作用相当于一个定语从句。如：
The student dressed in white is my daughter.
="The" student who is dressed in white is my daughter. 穿白色衣服的学生是我的女儿。
三、如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no + thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时，过去分词要放在被修饰词的后面。如：
There is nothing changed here since I left this town. 自从我离开这个城镇以来，几乎没有什么变化。
10. good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Tianjin dishes.
A. Instead of B. Apart from C. Far from D. Regardless of
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：除了优质的服务外，这家餐厅还供应各种天津传统菜肴。A. Instead of （用……）代替……，（是……）而不是……，（用……）而不用……；B. Apart from 除了……外；C. Far from 远离，远非；D. Regardless of 不管，不顾。根据句意可知，这家餐厅既提供优质的服务，还供应各种天津传统菜肴，所以空格处应该填入一个短语，表示“除了……外”。故选B项。
11. —Why not take my car to the museum instead of walking
—No, thanks_________.
A. I’m used to B. I’m able to C. I’m about to D. I’ve got to
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析和省略。句意：——为什么不坐我的车去博物馆而非要步行呢？——谢谢了，不过我习惯了（步行）。A. I’m used to我习惯于；B. I’m able to我能够；C. I’m about to我即将；D. I’ve got to我必须。根据“No, thanks.”可知，此处表达“我习惯了（步行）”，本句实际上是一种省略，此处省略了walking。故选A项。
12. I felt very happy to get a one-month break from work last year I could travel with my family to Paris.
A where B. when
C. which D. that
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我很高兴去年有一个月的休假，在那期间我可以和家人一起去巴黎旅行。分析句子可知，I could travel with my family to Paris.为定语从句修饰先行词one-month break，从句缺乏时间状语，故用关系副词when，故选B。
【点睛】关系副词的用法。
1. 关系副词用于引出定语从句，主要有when, where, why：
Sunday is the day when very few people go to work. 星期日是没什么人上班的日子。
That’s the reason why he dislikes me. 这就是他不喜欢我的原因。
Do you know a shop where I can find sandals 你知道哪家商店我能找到凉鞋吗？
【注】关系副词用于引出定语从句，且在从句中用作状语。关系副词when 表示时间，where表示地点，why表示原因。
2. 使用关系副词的注意点
(1) how 不能用作关系副词，不要想当然地将how用作关系副词置于the way 后表示方式： 他说话就是那个样子。
误：This is the way how he spoke.
正：This is how he spoke. / This is the way (that, in which) he spoke.
(2) 关系副词when和where既可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句，但why只能引导限制性定语从句，不能引导非限制性定语从句(若引导非限制性定语从句，可用for which reason)。
(3) 引导定语从句时，when 的先行词为时间，where的先行词为地点，why的先行词为原因(主要是the reason)，但是反过来却不一定：
Don’t forget the time (that) I’ve told you. 不要忘记我告诉你的时间。
This is the house (that) he bought recently. 这就是他最近买的那座房子。
Please tell me the reason (that) you know. 请告诉我你所知道的原因吧。
本题为when在从句中作时间状语，修饰先行词break。
13. ________ to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may influence genes in human bodies.
A. To expose B. Exposed C. Having exposed D. Being exposed
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：暴露在核辐射中，即使是很短的时间，也会影响人体的基因。根据句意可知，此处是动词短语be exposed to“暴露于”，作句子的主语，应用动名词形式。故选D。
14. ________ is known to all is that the outstanding academic atmosphere, as well as various festivals and sports, draws many students to our school.
A. It B. Which C. What D. As
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：众所周知，优秀的学术氛围，以及各种节日和体育活动，吸引了很多学生来我们学校。分析句子可知，空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，所以用what引导。故选C。
15. ______ you lose in life, don’t lose faith and hope, with which you can live a happy life and achieve your goals.
A. Whenever B. Wherever C. Whatever D. Whoever
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句连接词。句意：生活中无论失去什么，都不要失去信念和希望，有了信念和希望，你就能过上幸福的生活，实现你的目标。A. Whenever无论何时；B. Wherever无论在哪里；C. Whatever无论什么；D. Whoever无论谁。此处为让步状语从句，表示“无论什么”应用whatever引导，相当于no matter what。故选C。
天津市南开区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
1. — David was late for the biology class this morning.
—________ As far as I know, he never came late to class.
A. So what B. How come C. Why not D. What for
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——大卫今天早上生物课迟到了。——怎么会……（那样）？据我所知，他上课从不迟到。A. So what那又怎样；B. How come怎么会……（那样）；C. Why not为何不……（用来提建议）；D. What for为何目的。由“As far as I know, he never came late to class”可知，第二个说话人对大卫今天早上生物课迟到了表示惊讶，应该是问“怎么会……（那样）”，因此空格处是How come，故选B。
2. We’ve done a solid preparation so this is ________ our team is supposed to shine.
A. what B. whether C. which D. where
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查表语从句连接词。句意：我们已经做了充分的准备，所以这是我们的团队应该发光的地方。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，shine为不及物动词，从句中缺少地点状语，所以应该用连接副词where引导。故选D项。
3. Scientists ________ research in order to seek greater understanding of the brain, especially since the 1950s.
A. conducted B. have been conducted
C. have been conducting D. had conducted
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：尤其是自从二十世纪五十年代开始，为了寻求对大脑更好的了解科学家一直在进行相关研究。A. conducted实施，一般过去时；B. have been conducted被实施，现在完成时的被动语态；C. have been conducting实施，现在完成进行时；D. had conducted实施，过去完成时。分析句子结构，空格处作谓语，根据时间状语since the 1950s和句意“科学家一直在作研究”，可知本句强调动作从过去发生到现在仍在持续，应用现在完成进行时。故选C项。
4. Despite previous failed attempts, the scientists believed they would make a breakthrough in the ________ experiments.
A. subsequent B. critical C. primary D. independent
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管之前的尝试都失败了，但科学家们相信他们将在随后的实验中取得重大突破。A. subsequent随后的，接着的；B. critical关键的；C. primary主要的；D. independent独立的。根据前文的“previous failed attempts”可推断，此处说的是“科学家们相信他们将在随后的实验中取得重大突破”，空格处意为“随后的，接着的”，是subsequent。故选A。
5. —How did you make so rapid progress in your English Do you have any secrets
—No.Only ________ hard working.
A. in terms of B. in honor of C. by means of D. on behalf of
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：——你的英语怎么进步这么快 你有什么秘诀吗？——不。只有通过努力学习。A. in terms of就…方面而言；B. in honor of向…致敬；C. by means of依靠；D. on behalf of代表。根据句意，表示“通过”应该用by means of。故选C。
6. —I need to tell Kevin the conference has been canceled.
—_________ He’s already on his way.
A. The sooner the better. B. Don’t bother.
C. You’ve got me there. D. How could you
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我得告诉Kevin会议取消了。——越快越好。他已经在路上了。A. The sooner the better.越快越好。B. Don’t bother.不用麻烦了。C. You’ve got me there.你把我难住了。D. How could you 你怎么能这样？由“He’s already on his way”可知，第二个人的意思是越快告诉Kevin越好，因为Kevin已经在路上了，因此空格处意为“越快越好”。故选A。
7. These biological discoveries all help us understand the ________ for life on our planet, even in the most extreme circumstances.
A. component B. coverage C. capacity D. comprehension
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些生物学上的发现都有助于我们了解地球上生命的存在能力，即使是在最极端的环境下。A. component成分；B. coverage报道；C. capacity能力；D. comprehension理解。由“even in the most extreme circumstances”可知，句子表示“这些生物学上的发现都有助于我们了解地球上生命的存在能力，即使是在最极端的环境下”，空格处意为“能力”。故选C。
8. There are many mysteries about dinosaurs ________ we long to find explanations.
A. to which B. that C. with which D. for which
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：关于恐龙有许多谜团，我们渴望找到解释。分析句子成分可知，空处应为关系词引导定语从句，指代先行词“mysteries”，且在定语从句中充当介词for的宾语，因为固定用法explanations for sth. “……的解释”。故选D。
9. Its once-great cities fell into ruin, ________ various mysteries for later people to solve.
A. to leave B. leaving C. left D. having left
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：曾经伟大的城市都成了废墟，留下了许多谜团等待后人去解开。句中谓语是fell，空格处用非谓语动词，现在分词表示顺其自然的结果，因此空格处用现在分词作结果状语，故选B。
10. — I had a great time playing badminton with you today.
— Then let’s do it ________ . How about every Sunday
A. currently B. temporarily C. enormously D. regularly
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：——我今天和你打羽毛球玩得很开心。——那我们就定期去吧。每个星期天怎么样？A. currently目前；B. temporarily暂时地；C. enormously非常，极其；D. regularly定期地。由“How about every Sunday”可知，空格处所在的句子表示“我们就定期去吧”，空格处意为“定期地”。故选D。
11. It was the most disastrous space accident ever and it ________ people’s hearts.
A. threw light on B. played a part in
C. became accustomed to D. cast a shadow on
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这是有史以来最灾难性的太空事故，给人们的心灵投下了阴影。A. threw light on说明、阐述清楚；B. played a part in在……中起重要作用；C. became accustomed to习惯于……；D. cast a shadow on使……笼上阴影。根据前面的the most disastrous space accident ever可知，既然是最灾难性的事故，说明会给人们造成心理阴影。故选D项。
12. Various measures ________ in the years ahead to boost the economic development
A. are taken B. have been taken C. were taken D. will be taken
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：未来几年将采取各种措施促进经济发展。由句中时间状语in the years ahead“在今后几年”表示动作发生在将来，可知，此处动词应为一般将来时，主语measures和动词take为被动关系，所以应为一般将来时的被动语态结构。故选D项。
13. I had dreamed of this moment many times in my childhood. But when you finally make it it’s totally different from ________ you had imagined
A. when B. what C. that D. which
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：这一刻我在童年时梦想过很多次。但当你最终做到的时候，它和你想象的完全不同。分析句子可知，此处为连接代词what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作动词imagined的宾语成分，意为“一些事情”，满足句意要求。故选B项。
14. With no gravity to push against, astronauts’ bones and muscles ________become weak.
A. should B. must C. can D. need
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：由于没有重力的推动，宇航员的骨骼和肌肉可能会变得脆弱。A. should应该；B. must必须，一定；C. can能，可能（表可能性）；D. need需要。由“With no gravity to push against, astronauts’ bones and muscles”和“become weak”可知，句子表示“由于没有重力的推动，宇航员的骨骼和肌肉可能会变得脆弱”，空格处表示“可能会”，应用can表推测，故选C。
15. Believed _______ buried underwater by a tsunami in the fourth century AD, the ruins of Neapolis are almost 2, 000 years old.
A. to be B. to have been C. having D. being
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查不定式。句意：据说，在公元4世纪的一次海啸中，奈阿波利斯的废墟被埋在了水下，距今已有近2000年的历史。短语be believed to，意为“被认为，据说”，不定式后的动词和主语之间是被动关系，所以用不定式的被动语态，并且动词发生在Believed前面，应用完成式，故选B。
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