天津市部分区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末英语试题汇编：阅读理解(含解析）

天津市部分区
2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编
阅读理解
天津市和平区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
第三部分： 阅读理解(共20 小题; 每小题 2.5 分， 满分 50 分)
阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中， 选出最佳选项。
A
Pre-College Summer Programs for High School Students
Applications of Nanoscience (纳米科学) Summer Institute at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)
Over the course of two weeks, program participants will learn the basics of pursuing a scientific research project. They’ll attend lectures, take part in hands-on experiments, and work on a team project having to do with actual scientific research. By the end of the program, students will have a solid understanding of nanoscience and research projects.
How Much: $3,666 (includes tuition and room & board; discount for students entering the UC system the following fall)
Artificial Intelligence Laboratory’s Outreach Summer Program at Stanford University
In an attempt to increase diversity in the field of Artificial Intelligence, Stanford University hosts this pre-college summer program for girls who are interested in A.I. and willing to choose it as a college major and future career. Over the course of three weeks, the young women in the program are exposed to Artificial Intelligence through lectures, industry field trips, hands-on projects, and even mentoring sessions (指导会议) with professors, researchers, and graduate students.
How Much: $6, 000 (includes tuition, room & board, field trips, and course materials)
Engineering Pre-College Summer Program at Syracuse University
This unique summer program is perfect for the high school students considering a career in engineering, as it combines college-level introductory courses with hands-on activities and field trips. The program offers two courses during two weeks — Civil & Environmental Engineering and Aerospace Engineering — and students can choose to participate in one or both.
How Much: $3, 090 for boarding students; $2, 191 for commuting students (走读生)
36. What can you attain from the Nanoscience program
A. Valuable research experience.
B. Self-made nano-based product.
C. Approaches to writing applications.
D. Official admission to the UC system.
37. Why does Stanford University start its A.I. program
A. To appeal to more A.I. projects.
B. To attract more female students to explore A.I.
C. To promote communication between A.I. researchers.
D. To select qualified graduate students for the university.
38. What can students do in Stanford University’s A.I. program
A. Go sightseeing in nearby colleges.
B. Advertise for A.I. course materials.
C. Give lectures on A.I. to fellow students.
D. Communicate with A.I. experts for advice.
39. If you apply for Syracuse University’s engineering program, you can ______.
A. choose to live off campus
B. take two courses for a month
C have a discount for your tuition
D. get a part-time job in engineering
40. What is the common feature of the three programs
A. They last less than two weeks.
B. They focus on the field of technology.
C. They aim at educators in high school.
D. They are hosted by the same university.
B
In 2015, the town of Carefree, in the USA was seeking a pumpkin carver to help their newly-planned Enchanted Pumpkin Garden Festival become an instant success. Luckily for them, the sculptor Ray Villafane fell in love with the four-acre Carefree Desert Gardens and agreed to carve pumpkins for the tourists. Then, the festival became a hit in 2015. Now the annual event, which took place from October 19-28, in 2008, includes many fun activities for both kids and adults. However, it is the pumpkin carvings that remain the star attraction.
This year, Villafane and his team reached the garden in early October to carve the popular “pickled (腌制的) pumpkins”. Placed inside tanks resembling a kind of plants to fit in with the environment, the 3D pumpkin artworks were put in a special liquid that helped preserve them for a longer period of time.
Throughout the festival, Villafane and his team also held several live demonstrations, adding to the impressive carved pumpkins on exhibition. They also volunteered to give many pumpkin-carving fans valuable tips.
Besides the wonderful carvings, guests had the chance to go into a pumpkin world, complete with tales. The tales featured pumpkin dead bodies running through the grass, and a group of helpless pumpkins attempting to free their peers imprisoned by a scary-looking figure with only bones. Then, there were the hard-working rats who were sewing a pumpkin.
The highlight of the festival came on October 27, when Villafane transformed a huge pumpkin into a dinosaur. The festival also featured activities including pie-eating matches, story-telling, face painting, and pumpkin-carving matches.
Villafane’s skill first came to light in 1993 after he sculpted a pumpkin for his students during Halloween. In 2004 while still teaching, he decided to use his skills to create action figures for Marvel Comics. Over the next two years, the artist created numerous popular characters. In 2006, Villafane accepted a full-time position about carving toys at DC Comics. In 2010, he finally decided to go after his true love—pumpkin carving. Since he first began carving, the expert has sculpted 2,576 pieces of outstanding works in 102 cities around the world.
The expert using basic carving tools for his most complex creations stands out in the festival.
41. What can we learn about the annual Enchanted Pumpkin Garden festival
A. It has been held three times so far.
B. It was organized by Ray Villafane.
C. It aims at teenagers interested in arts.
D. It has gained Ray Villafane’s support.
42. Why did Villafane have his carved pumpkins put in a liquid
A. To prevent them from going bad quickly.
B. To make them fit in with the environment.
C. To make them much more delicious.
D. To make them appear more beautiful.
43. What can we infer about the tales of pumpkins
A. They were created by Ray Villafane.
B. They were centered on the theme of friendship.
C. They were all full of imagination and terror.
D. They were probably most attractive to those fond of magic.
44. What’s Paragraph 6 mainly about
A. The popularity of Ray Villafane’s works.
B. The gradual improvement of Villafane’s skills.
C. The interest of Ray Villafane in pumpkin carving.
D. The introduction of Ray Villafane’s career of carving.
45. Which of the following can best describe Ray Villafane
A Reliable and brave.
B. Confident and modest.
C. Talented and helpful.
D. Enthusiastic and cautious.
C
Old trains are very attractive and mysterious, whether it’s because of their history and their function or simply because they look so fierce and huge. Many old derailed trains have been transformed into anything like homes, art galleries and even amusement parks. As part of a recovery program to restore a failed railway, Ecuadorian design firm Al Borde transformed a tired, old train into a mobile cultural center, which they call “Wagon of Knowledge” (Vagon del Saber).
Selected by the Ecuadorian(厄瓜多尔)Ministry of Culture and Heritage, the community oriented project is to reactivate settlements along its route. After more than a decade of absence, these areas not only recover a means of communication but are enhanced economically, as the cultural promoters use the train car as an activator of public space and a meeting point for the locals. The multifunctional nature of the carriage — it is without a strictly defined architectural program and can therefore be designed flexibly — allows for musical performances, theater shows, training programs and celebrations.
The train was renovated(修复)to achieve the greatest number of uses with the minimum number of elements.
A public square and a theater with a capacity of 60-80 people, as well as work spaces for 20 users were incorporated by attaching three extensions to the train: a roof with several deployment( 部 署 )options, retractable furniture and two storage spaces — simple systems operated by the cultural romoters turn the cart into their desired requirements. Set to travel around the route, the cultural unit will begin to accumulate and facilitate new stories.
Intended to move from place to place without a strict set of limitations to define its use, it becomes something flexible that adapts to the needs of the moment, so that it “carries neither goods nor tourists, but culture and public space”. As we can see here, there are a lot of possibilities, thanks to various interchangeable components that can allow the train to shift from conference space to a performance venue in a snap.
It’s a creative way to give new life to a historically important train that was once even derailed, and to ensure that it can keep on serving the public. One more thing, people don’t have to go to this public space; it will travel to come to them.
46. Why did the design firm Al Borde carry out the project
A. To boost the local tourism.
B. To sharpen rural people’s communication skills.
C. To bring communities along the railroad line to life.
D. To provide recreation for the community residents.
47. What makes the multipurpose train possible
A. Advanced architectural design techniques.
B. The railway systems that are easy to operate.
C. Flexible construction features of the train car.
D. The financial assistance provided by cultural promoters.
48. How does the old train meet different requirements
A. By extending the length of the carriage.
B. By adding three components to the train.
C. By freely changing the position of the roof.
D. By expanding the seating capacity of the train.
49. What can we know about “Wagon of Knowledge” from the passage
A. It used to be the meeting point for the locals.
B. It can perform different working functions.
C. It was used to carry goods and tourists.
D. It will stay in one place to entertain locals
50. What does the author think about the project
A. It is meaningful.
B. It is large-scale.
C. It is pioneering.
D. It is impressive.
D
The benefits of reading at home are many and lifelong. Falling levels of enjoyment are cause for worry.
If there was one good thing to come out of lockdowns, it was improved book sales and rates of reading, especially among children. A survey of 70.000 children and young people by the National Literacy Trust, however, has found this gain is now gone: figures are now equal just before the pandemic, when the trust recorded the lowest levels of reading enjoyment(just under 50%) since it first asked the question 17 years ago. A concurrent(同时进行的)study of 8.000 five to eight-year-olds found that nearly one in five did not have a book at home.
These questions are not about basic literacy but about the habit of reading: the children surveyed spoke of books giving them subjects to talk about; of entertainment and information; of reading helping them to understand people unlike themselves; of finding in books a place of escape and a mitigation( 缓 解 )of loneliness; of aid in coping with difficulty. “It helps me in learning about what I am feeling. That is because I have a hard time expressing my emotions and would rather not bother anyone.” as one child put it.
Children who read at home are six times more likely to be able to read above expected levels, while one study of 160,000 adults from 31 countries found children whose homes held at least 80 books, but whose schooling ended at 13 or 14, were “as literate, numerate and technologically wise in adulthood as university graduates who grew up with only a few books”. Another found these children also went on to earn more.
It is not that most parents and carers don’t understand this. A reason often cited for the lack of books at home is the cost of living. Almost a fifth of Britain’s public libraries have closed in 10 years while one in eight primary schools in England, rising to one in four in disadvantaged communities, do not have a library or designated reading space. Furthermore, the Department for Education, with its insistence on systematic synthetic phonics(自然拼读法)would do well to heed( 留 心 )the number of children who told the National Literacy Trust that teaching in primary schools had put them off pared with other problems this country faces, providing varied reading material is relatively straightforward to fix. We owe it to children to do so.
51. What does “this gain” in Para. 1 most probably refer to
A. More young readers.
B. Better reading material.
C. More books sold online.
D. Better reading environment.
52. Which of the following is NOT cited as a reason why the habit of reading matters
A. Reading broadens children’s horizons.
B. Reading offers children spiritual shelters.
C. Reading improves children’s basic literacy.
D. Reading helps children deal with emotions.
53. Children reading more often at home are found ________ .
A. to be pushed by expected levels of reading
B. to end schooling earlier than average readers
C. to be willing to learn more when they grow up
D. to possess greater reading and technological abilities
54. Which of the following statements is not true according to the last paragraph
A. Poor communities do not have sufficient libraries or appointed reading spaces.
B. Disadvantaged families can’t understand the problem with the lack of books at home.
C. Primary schools haven’t so far done a great job in encouraging children to read more.
D. The country should take immediate action to offer children more varied reading material.
55. What does the author mean by saying “We owe it to children to do so”
A. We can offer any assistance to children to realize their dreams.
B. We must create conditions and supply various books to children.
C. We can buy enough books for the children who want to read more.
D. We should help children read books at home rather than in libraries.
天津市河东区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
四、阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2.5分,清分50分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Western New Bridge Library Announcement
Shortened Library Hours for Spring Break
Library Hours have been shortened to 7 hours a day (9:00 a.m.～4:00 p.m.) for Spring Break from March 24 to March 30.
Coming Events
◆On Monday, March 24,at 10:30 a.m., Scott Sutton, a children’s writer, will tell stories to kids over seven. Sutton’s attractive style will surely inspire everyone present!
◆At 2:00 p.m., on March 25, Tuesday, a lecture will be delivered in Room 201, which focuses on the development of writing skill. Famous tutors from the district won’t disappoint you.
◆At 1:00 p.m., on March 26, the Georgetown Musicians will present an Irish Folk Concert, which will be entertaining for the entire family. Come for the music and stay to check out some relevant books for the rest of the week!
◆On Thursday, March 27, at 2:00 p.m., the annual Children’ s Gathering will take place in Room 201, the second floor, Pick up an invitation in the Children’ s Room and return your RSVP (回复) to reserve your seat at the table by 3:00 p. m. on Tuesday, March 25. Only children are allowed in the Gathering.
◆At 10:30 a.m. on Friday, March 28, Enzo Monfre of the hit kids’ science show, ENZOology, will bring Fossils Live! Surely Enzo will take the audience back in time, deep beneath the surface of the earth, to uncover the mysteries of killer dinosaurs, and more. Enzo recently appeared on the Ellen DeGeneres Show — come and see him at the library!
Please note: In case of emergency, please call the Help Desk at 926-3736 and follow the procedures outlined on the voice message. The call-down service is staffed 24 hours a day, 7 days a week for emergencies. The Help Desk supplies service to you all the year round! For questions about all these, please contact hld @ wnbl. corg.
Come for the great Fun; Stay for the relevant Books!
36. To polish your writing it is best for you to attend the related activity on ________.
A. Monday B. Tuesday C. Thursday D. Friday
37. Which of the following descriptions about the annual Children’s Gathering is true ________.
A. Tickets are a must in order to attend it.
B. Only those who have received an invitation are admitted in the Gathering.
C. You have to make a reply to the invitation to make sure you get a seat.
D. You’ d better apply in advance because there are not enough seats for everyone.
38. Which of the following is NOT true according to the announcement ________.
A. The children who are interested in the mysteries of killer dinosaurs can attend the Ellen DeGeneres Show on Friday.
B. Children can’ t attend all the activities with their parents.
C. Children can choose more than one of the activities.
D. Children can borrow some relevant books for the activities.
39. If there is an emergency, you should ________.
A. call the Help Desk B. contact hld @ wnbl. corg
C. stay in the library and wait D. ring 926-3637
40. The announcement is mainly intended for ________.
A. staff members of the library B. parents of the school children
C. the school children D. volunteers of the activities
B
When I was a high school student, a close friend went to New Zealand as an exchange student and I was very curious. I wasn’t able to become an exchange student myself, but I began talking to my parents about possibility of becoming a host family to see it. Our school had an active AFS (American Field Service) chapter, so we got information about hosting a student through AFS.
After further exploration, we decided to go for it. We received a student’s brief introduction We looked over the pictures and her family and read the introduction. Her name was Simone and she was three years older than me, one year older than my brother. This was our student!
After informing AFs that we’d accept the student, we had the opportunity to call her on the phone and began writing to her. The accents of the Australian and American English were so different that we had a very hard time communicating. Thankfully, reading and writing each other’s letters was not a problem.
AFS began making the arrangements for Simone to come to America for her year as an exchange student. In August, we picked Simone up at the airport in St. Louis. During the year of Simone’s stay, we had our ups and downs. At first the accents were difficult. The first Sunday she attended church services with us, she didn’t understand anything that was said. Her Australian accent was very thick and she said we spoke too fast for her to follow our words. We, on the other hand, thought she spoke too fast and was difficult to understand. Learning to live with someone new isn’t always easy, but we managed.
Now, 18 years after first welcoming Simone into our family, she is still important to us. We have kept in close contact in the years since she left America. And the experience of being a host family for an exchange student during my high school is unforgettable for me.
41. According to the passage, we learn that the author ________.
A. has a strong desire to know about the exchange student
B. was an exchange student because of her excellence
C. became a member of AFS during high school
D. had known a lot about how to be an exchange student
42. How did the author get to know about Simone ________.
A. By chatting with her.
B. Through American Field Service.
C. By writing emails to her.
D. Through the post office.
43. Which of the following is TRUE about AFS ________.
A. It has many branches in Australia only.
B. It is the largest service organization in America.
C. It provides great help for hosting families.
D. It provides high quality services for exchange students at a high price,
44. What’s the possible order of the events related to being a host family for an exchange student ________.
a. communicating with the exchange student
b. living together with the exchange student
c. reviewing exchange the student’s introductions
d. getting information about being a host family
A. abcd B. cdba C. dcba D. dcab
45. From this story we can see that ________.
A. the author and Simone spoke quite different languages
B. the author didn’t understand Simon at all at first
C. the author formed a fantastic friendship with Simone
D Simone liked to live in the United States
C
From the first use of the rocket to carry satellites into space to the setting up of space stations, human beings have been putting great effort into space research. And so far, we have achieved many successes. But there are still numerous tasks in front of us and we should not stop trying to progress.
The international space station is an important step we should take in space exploration. It is not only helpful but also essential. It provides a proper space environment for many experiments that we have wanted to do for a long time. It is also a base for the observations of the earth and the universe. It could also be an important base for later travel to the moon and Mars. In a word, if we want to explore space more, the first thing we should do is to set up a space station.
As the space station costs a lot of money, it is hard for one country alone to establish one. The USA seems to be the only country that has the ability to build a space station alone, and it has tried to do so, but not very successful. So it aggregated many other countries to work on it together. Though it is still extremely expensive, it is much cheaper than doing it alone. It is really a job that needs everyone’s effort and will benefit everyone.
But even so, the funds needed are still a big problem. As for the USA, it seems that it has too many things to spend its money on. Although it is the richest country in the world, it has much debt every year. It has to make arrangements about its finance, and try to find a balance in all these issues.
46. What is the author’s attitude towards building and developing the international space station ________.
A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Critical. D. Negative
47. From Paragraph 2 we learn that ________.
A. the necessity of building the international space station is not realized now
B. many experiments have been done in the international space station
C. the international space station is necessary for people to explore space more
D. people have traveled to Mars from the international space station
48. Which of the following is NOT a reason for countries’ cooperation in building the international space station ________.
A. That it requires a lot of money.
B. That it needs everyone’ s effort.
C. That it will benefit every participating country.
D. That it is too far away from the earth.
49. The underlined word “aggregated” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by_________.
A. united B. scolded C. allowed D. forbade
50. Which of the following aspects about building the international space station is NOT mentioned in the passage ________.
A. Difficulties. B. Cooperation.
C. Significance. D. Specific arrangements.
D
No student of a foreign language needs to be told that gram mar is complex. By changing the order of the words and by adding a range of auxiliary verbs(助动词)and suffixes(后缀),we can turn a statement into a question, state whether an action has taken place or is soon to take place, and perform many other word tricks to convey different meanings. However, the question which many language experts can’t understand and explain is who created grammar
Some recent languages evolved due to the Atlantic slave trade. Since the slaves didn’t know each other’s languages, they developed a make-shift language called a pidgin. Pidgins are strings of words copied from the language of the landowners. They have little in the way of grammar, and speakers need to use too many words to make their meaning understood. Interestingly, however, all it takes for a pidgin to become a complex language is for a group of children to be exposed to it at the time when they learn their mother tongue. Slave children didn’t simply copy the strings of words used by their elders. They adapted their words to create an expressive language. In this way complex grammar systems which come from pidgins were invented.
Further evidence can be seen in studying sign languages for the deaf. Sign languages are not simply a group of gestures; they use the same grammatical machinery that is found in spoken languages. The creation of one such language was documented quite recently in Nicaragua. Previously, although deaf children were taught speech and lip reading in the classrooms, in the playgrounds they began to invent their own sign system, using the gestures they used at home, It was basically a pidgin and there was no consistent grammar. However, a new system was born when children who joined the school later developed a quite different sign language. It was based on the signs of the older children, but it was shorter and easier to understand, and it had a largerange of special use of grammar to clarify the meaning. What’s more, they all used the signs in the same way. So the original pidgin was greatly improved.
Most experts believe that many of the languages were pidgins at first. They were initially used in different groups of people without standardization(标准化)and gradually evolved into a widely accepted system. The English past tense—“ed” ending — may have evolved from the verb “do”. “It ended” may once have been “ It end-did”. It seems that children have grammatical machinery in their brains. Their minds can serve to create logical and complex structures, even when there is no grammar present for them to copy.
51. What can be inferred about the slaves’ pidgin language ________.
A. It was difficult to understand.
B. It came from different languages.
C. It was created by the landowners.
D. It contained highly complex grammar.
52. What is the characteristic of the new Nicaraguan sign language ________.
A. No consistent signs were used for communication.
B. Most of the gestures were made for everyday activities.
C. The hand movements were smoother and more attractive.
D. The meaning was clearer than the previous sign language.
53. Which idea does the author present in the last paragraph ________.
A. English grammar of past tense system is inaccurate.
B. Children say English past tense differently from adults.
C. The thought that English was once a pidgin is acceptable.
D. Experts have proven that English was created by children.
54. The underlined word “initially” means ________.
A. in the end B. at the beginning C. long ago D. long before
55. What is the best title for the passage ________.
A. The Creators of Grammar
B. The History of Languages
C. Why Pidgins Came into Being
D. How Grammar Systems Are Used
天津市河西区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2. 5分，满分50分）
A
In the UK, the best racecourses (赛马场) are in all corners of the country, which means that it is accessible for all fans of the sport to see the biggest stars. So, what are the four best racecourses in the UK
Cheltenham
Nothing comes close to excitement levels when the Cheltenham Festival is approaching. It is the home of National Hunt racing, and every year millions of fans are glued to the horse racing on the track. It is the festival for the die-hard lovers of the sport, as the racing takes front and centre of the attention as the biggest prizes are handed out.
Aintree
The race that draws the viewers to the sport is the Grand National. The race is an essential part of British life, as everyone makes a habit of watching the race annually with friends and family. It is a perfect course for visitors too, as it is situated just a short distance outside of Liverpool. There is extra emphasis on fashion when attending Aintree.
Ascot
For lovers of flat racing (无障碍平地赛马), Ascot meetings are a must. The biggest of the season is Royal Ascot, which is one of the most fashionable race days on the calendar, as all visitors entering certain zones must be wearing a top hat. However, there is no better reason to get dressed up.
Newmarket
Newmarket is a hotbed full of racing fans, and is a must-visit for all lovers of the sport. It is the headquarters of flat racing, as the whole town is devoted to the sport. There are two racecourses, the July Course and the Rowley Mile. The final race day of the season takes place in October. Regardless of when you visit in the season, you will feast your eyes!
36. What is the highlight of Cheltenham Festival
A. It offers grand prizes. B. It invites many celebrities.
C. It promotes the local tourism. D. It attracts a lot of film stars.
37. What can we know about Royal Ascot
A. It is one of the most fashionable race days. B. It is the headquarters of flat racing.
C. It is the home of National Hunt racing. D. It is situated just a short distance in Liverpool.
38. What do Aintree and Ascot have in common
A. They are team-centred. B. They are for flat racing.
C. They are for royal family. D. They are fashion-featured.
39. What can we learn about Newmarket
A. The final race is held in July. B. The citizens are crazy about the race.
C. The visitors are welcome all year around. D. The racing fans are extremely professional.
40. Which of the following is the passage probably taken from
A. A technical instruction book. B. A university newspaper.
C. A travel guide. D. A play review.
B
My mother and sister had gone through Grandma’s belongings after her memorial service and decided on the sewing machine for me. I wasn’t sure if I was the right person for it, though. I hadn’t sewn since taking a class in high school. This would take some experimenting.
I opened the built-in drawer to find Grandma’s old pieces of thread. I held her tomato-shaped pincushion(针垫)and thought of all the memories wrapped up in this machine. Grandma had become a tailoress(女裁缝) out of necessity. With four small children to clothes, he’d quickly learned how to sew almost everything they needed. For over 30 years, Grandma kept up with her sewing. She made matching Easter dresses for my sister and me and costumes for our school festivals. She was always in search of a new project, whether it was teaching our neighbors or sewing dresses for the homeless. But for the last several years of her life, dementia(痴呆) had left a shy and silent woman in place of the strong opinionated loving grandmother I’d known.
To honor Grandma’s memory, I wanted a project to help people the way she had. With the stay-at-home order in place because of Covid-19, I certainly had the time. So I dug out Grandma’s machine to sew masks, and read up on how to sew. I turned on my computer to research how to get the machine going again. After hours of digging through old black-and-white handbooks and sewing lessons online, I operated the machine on more time. I held my breath and pressed down on the pedal. Hurrah! It worked! In no time, my fingers were flying, steadily moving material under the very cooperative needle. When I sewed enough masks for my family, I kept going. I delivered nearly 500 masks to a hard-hit hospital in the area. Quite a big job for an old sewing machine.
A staff member met me outside to receive the donation. “Thank you,” she said, not knowing that any thanks for my efforts belonged to Grandma, who provided the inspiration.
41. Why did the author doubt herself about accepting the sewing machine
A. She was not fond of it.
B. She didn’t usually sew much.
C. She had no interest in sewing.
D. She hoped to donate it to charities.
42. What can be inferred about the author’s grandma
A. She dreamed of being a tailor
B She kept sewing as a hobby.
C. She was ready to help others.
D. She had always been optimistic.
43. What does the underlined phrase “read up on” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A. Studied a lot about.
B. Thought of slowly.
C. Noticed or observed.
D. Lost one’s heart to.
44 How to describe the author’s success with sewing machine
A. It is a long tiring process for her.
B. She overcame many difficulties.
C. She received a lot of help from others.
D. It just took her a few hours to operate it skillfully.
45. Which of the following would be best title for this text
A. I Have Donated Nearly 500 Masks.
B. My Grandmother Inspired Me to Help Others.
C. I Finally Learned to Use a Sewing Machine.
D. Making Masks For Others Is Such a Pleasure.
C
As the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through life, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.
Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to avoid it. In fact, it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.
The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress, and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make a choice between “fight” or “flight” and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, but however little the stress is, it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued exposure to stress, that health becomes endangered. Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress. Since we cannot remove stress from our lives (it would be unwise to do so even if we could), we need to find ways to deal with it.
46. People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_____.
A. they do not know how to enjoy themselves
B. they do not believe that relaxation is important for health
C. they are travelling fast all the time
D. they are becoming busier with their work
47. According to the writer, the most important character for a good manager is his ________.
A. not fearing stress B. knowing the art of relaxation
C. high sense of responsibility D. having control over performance
48. Which of the following statements is true
A. We can find some ways to avoid stress.
B. Stress is always harmful to people.
C. It is easy to change the habit of keeping oneself busy with work.
D. Different people can withstand different amounts of stress.
49. In Paragraph 3, “such a reaction” refers back to_______.
A. “making a choice between ‘flight’ or ‘fight’”
B. “reaction to stress both chemically and physically”
C. “responding to crises quickly”
D. “losing heart at the signs of difficulties”
50. In the last sentence of the passage, “do so” refers to ______.
A. “expose ourselves to stress”
B. “find ways to deal with stress”
C. “remove stress from our lives”
D. “established links between diseases and stress”
D
Japan is getting tough with recycling— and not in the paper and plastic kind of way. Recently, the country requires that all electronic goods—TVs, VCRs, stereos, and more be recycled. But recycling will not be left to consumers, instead, the devices will be sent to the original manufacturer for proper disposal.
The new law poses a few challenges to manufacturers who are now rushing to set up collection networks and perfecting techniques to take apart and recycle older products. With an eye toward the future, they are also integrating easily recycled materials into new products. Plastics, a major component of most electronic products, pose a particular obstacle because their quality becomes worse and worse with age, losing strength and flexibility even if reprocessed. NEC Corp. overcomes this problem by creating a plastics sandwich, in which the filling is 100 percent recycled plastic and the outer layers a mixture of 14 percent recycled material. The resulting plastic has sufficient strength and toughness for use as a case for desktop PCs. The company. in cooperation with plastic maker Sumitomo Dow, has also developed a new plastic, which engineers claim keeps its mechanical properties through repeated recycling. NEC uses the plastic, which is also flame-retardant（阻燃的）in battery cases for notebook PCs.
Meanwhile, Matsushita Electric, maker of the Panasonic brand, is avoiding plastic in favor of magnesium（镁）. Magnesium, says the company, is ideal for recycling because it retains its original strength through repeated reprocessing. Matsushita has developed molding techniques to form magnesium into the case for a 21-inch TV.
Unfortunately, the magnesium case and energy-saving features make the TV about twice as expensive as an ordinary model. The company hopes, however, that increased use of magnesium will eventually bring prices down.
51. According to the present regulations of Japan, the recycling of paper and plastic will be the responsibility of _______.
A. the government B. the manufacturers C. the consumers D. the sellers
52. Which of the following is NOT the character of plastics
A. Most electronic products contain plastics.
B. It keeps its original strength through reprocessing.
C Recycled plastics can be integrated into new products.
D. Plastics will lose flexibility after a certain period of time.
53. According to the passage, the term “plastic sandwich” refers to _______.
A. a kind of sandwich-shaped toy made of plastics
B. a kind of plastics with different integration in each layer
C. a kind of plastics with maximum strength and flexibility
D. a kind of plastics made of 100% recycled materials
54. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.
A. selling plastics is the only business of NEC Corp
B. magnesium is an ideal material for making notebook PCs
C. 21-inch TV with magnesium case isn’t very popular so far
D. magnesium must be better than the plastics
55. The author writes this passage in order to_______.
A. inform B. direct C. predict D. persuade
天津市红桥区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
第二部分 阅读理解(共20个小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
“Have a nice day!” may be a pleasant gesture or a meaningless expression. When my friend Maxie says “Have a nice day” with a smile, I know she sincerely cares about what happens to me. I feel loved and secure since another person cares about me and wishes me well.
“Have a nice day. Next!” This version of the expression is spoken by a salesgirl at the supermarket who is rushing me and my groceries out the door. The words come out in the same tone(腔调)with a fixed procedure. They are spoken at me, not to me.Obviously, the concern for my day and everyone else’s is the management’s attempt to increase business.
The expression is one of those behaviors that help people get along with each other. Sometimes it indicates the end of a meeting. As soon as you hear it, you know the meeting is at an end. Sometimes the expression saves us when we don’t know what to say. “Oh, you just had a tooth out I’m terribly sorry, but have a nice day.”
The expression can be pleasant. If a stranger says “Have a nice day” to you, you may find it heart-warming because someone you don’t know has tried to be nice to you.
Although the use of the expression is an insincere meaningless social custom at times, there is nothing wrong with the sentence except that it is a little uninteresting. The salesgirl, the waitress, the teacher, and all the countless others who speak it without thinking may not really care about my day. But in a strange and comfortable way, it’s nice to know they care enough to pretend they care when they really don’t care all that much. While the expression may not often be sincere, it is always spoken. The point is that people say it all the time when they like.
36. How does the author understand Maxie’s words
A. Maxie shows her anxiety to the author.
B. Maxie really wishes the author a good day.
C. Maxie encourages the author to stay happy.
D. Maxie really worries about the author’s security.
37. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean
A. The salesgirl is rude.
B. The salesgirl is bored.
C. The salesgirl cares about me.
D. The salesgirl says the words as a routine.
38. By saying “Have a nice day,” a stranger may 　　　.
A. try to be polite to you B. express respect to you
C. give his blessing to you D. share his pleasure with you
39. According to the last paragraph, people say “Have a nice day” 　　　.
A. sincerely B. as thanks
C. as a habit D. encouragingly
40. What is the best title of the passage
A Have a Nice Day — a Social Custom
B. Have a Nice Day — a Pleasant Gesture
C. Have a Nice Day — a Heart-warming Greeting
D. Have a Nice Day — a Polite Ending of a Conversation
B
Most Chinese know the story of mythological Chang’e. It’s a story about a woman who takes an immorality pill and flies to the moon. The story is s0 popular that people can’t hear the word Chang’e without thinking of romantic images of a moon goddess.
For this reason, China’s mission to the moon was calling for a strong female figure. Therefore, pictures of a 24-year-old female space commander have gone viral on Chinese social media for her work on the Chang’e-5 Moon exploration programme with comments about how she is a “frontline soklier in the field of aerospace” that young Chinese can look up to.
Ms Zhou, 24-year-old lady of the Tujia ethnic group, is China’s youngest ever space commander. She was involved in the successful launch of the Chang’e-5 lunar probe on 24 November, in charge of the rocket connector system, described as a key role.
In Wenchang space launch site, though she is only 1.58 meters tall and looks “mini”, she is called “Big Sister” for her powerful core and energy. Since senior high, she has dreamed! of being a member of a space research team. With her great efforts, she was admitted to an aircraft system and engineering major of a domestic university in 2014, making her acrospace dream come true. To grow into a commander, in two and a half years, she changed five positions to be familiar with multiple posts and types of work, each of which takes great courage and is full of challenges. In a working space with no air conditioning and narrow space to accommodate only three people, she worked for 60 days until the completion of “the Long March 5 rocket goes around” battle.
Her story has received attention from Chinese state-run media as well as overseas media outlets. However, it has not appeared to have had much of an effect on her. According to the media, she declined repeated requests for interviews because she does not wish to let fame get in the way of her work.
41. Why does the writer mention the myth of Chang’e at the beginning of the passage
A. To tell a romantic story. B. To spread Chinese culture.
C. To introduce the topic. D. To give an example.
42. What makes people think of Ms Zhou as a pioneer for the youth in aerospace
A. Her youth and beauty. B. Her pictures on the media.
C. Her identity of the Tujia ethnic group. D. Her performance in the moon-landing program.
43. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A. She was the youngest space commander of the Tujia ethnic group.
B. She was called “Big Sister” not because of her physical strength but her central status.
C. To become a commander, she took five challenging and courageous jobs in two and a half years.
D. She worked in severe conditions for 60 days until the Long March 5 rocket was-launched.
44. Why did Ms Zhou reject the media’s invitation to interviews
A. Because she was too shy. B. Because she was not available.
C. Because she was devoted to work. D. Because she hated being famous.
45. What can we learn from Ms Zhou’s story
A. Attitude is altitude. B. The early bird catches the worm.
C. Many hands make light work. D. Diligence makes up for inability.
C
Why did humans evolve to walk upright Perhaps because it’s just plain easier. Make that “energetically less costly,” in science-speak.
Bipedalism — walking on two feet — is one of the defining characteristics of being human, and scientists have debated for years how it came about. In the latest attempt to find an explanation, researchers trained five chimpanzees to walk on treadmill while wearing masks that allowed measurement of their oxygen consumption. The chimps were measured both while walking upright and while moving on their legs and knuckles. That measurement of the energy needed to move round was compared with similar tests on humans and the results are published in this week’s online edition of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
It turns out that humans walking on two legs use only one quarter of the energy that chimpanzees use while knuckle-walking on four limbs. And the chimps, on average, use as much energy using two legs as they did when they used all four limbs.
However, there were differences among chimpanzees in how much energy they used, and this difference corresponded to their different gaits and anatomy. One of the chimps used less energy on two legs, one used about the same and the others used more, said David Raichlen, assistant professor of anthropology at the University of Arizona.
“What we were surprised at was the variation,” he said in telephone interview. “That was pretty exciting, because when you talk about how evolution works, variation is the bottom line, without variation there is no evolution.”
Walking, on two legs freed our arms, opening the door to manipulating the world, Raichlen said. “We think about the evolution of bipedalism as one of first events that led hominids down the path to being human.”
The research was supported by the National Science Foundation and the L. S. B. Leakey Foundation.
46. The underlined word “Bipedalism” means .
A. moving sideways B. walking upright
C. walking on four legs D. running fast
47. Why did chimpanzees wear masks in the experiment
A. Masks protect chimpanzees from any harm.
B. Masks help chimpanzees walk steadily.
C. There was heavy smoke in the room.
D. Masks helped to measure how much oxygen chimpanzees consumed
48. We can infer that scientists .
A. have no idea on how human walking on two legs came about
B. have had different views on why chimpanzees walk on four legs
C have had different views on how human walking on two legs came about
D. have had similar views on how human walking on two legs came about
49. What does the fourth paragraph mainly deal with
A. How did chimpanzees save energy B. Why didn’t chimpanzees walk on two legs
C. David Raichlen researched into chimpanzees. D. Different chimpanzees consume different energy.
50. According to the passage humans walk upright in order to .
A. conserve energy B. differ from other animals.
C free their brains D. strengthen their legs
D
Imagine reading a story titled “Pursuing Success”. That would be an inspiring story, wouldn’t it Maybe—but maybe not. It might well be the story of someone whose never ending chase for more and more success leaves them unsatisfied and incapable of happiness. Though it isn’t a conventional medical addiction, for many people success has addictive properties.
Obviously, success goes with praise. To a certain extent, praise stimulates the neurotransmitter dopamine (神经递质多巴胺), which contributes to all addictive behaviors.
The desire for success may be born to human nature, but specialness doesn’t come cheap. Success is tough work, and it requires bearing the cost of losing. In the 1980s, the physician Robert Goldman famously found that more than half of ambitious athletes would be willing to take a drug that would kill them in five years in exchange for winning every competition they entered.
Unfortunately, success is endless. The goal can’t be satisfactory; most people never feel “successful enough”. The high only lasts a day or two, and then it’s on to the next goal. Psychologists call this the hedonic treadmill (享乐跑步机现象), in which satisfaction wears off almost immediately and we must run on to the next reward to avoid the feeling of falling behind.
People should get off the treadmill. But quitting isn’t easy for addicts. For people hooked on substances, withdrawal can be a painful experience, both physically and psychologically. Research finds that depression and anxiety are common among outstanding athletes after their careers end. Olympic athletes, in particular, suffer from the “post-Olympic blues”.
Just like wine, success in and of itself is not a bad thing. Both can bring fun and sweetness to life. But both become bossy when they are a substitute for—a instead of a complement (补充物) to—the relationships and love that should be the center of our lives.
51. What can be inferred from the first paragraph
A. Success doesn’t always bring positive results
B. A traditional, medical addiction leads to success
C. The passion for constant success is rarely praised.
D. Success addition has already drawn wide attention.
52. Why did the author mention the research findings of Robert Goldman
A. To stress the key to success lies in efforts.
B. To show success is a tough and cruel job.
C. To argue that athletes deserve more rewards.
D. To describe the routine training of an ordinary athlete.
53. Which of the following is not part of the hedonic treadmill theory
A. Enjoying the beauty and love around you.
B. Being offered a promotion at work.
C. Having the house you want to live in.
D. Eating the food you’ve been longing for.
54. What can success bring to a success addict according to psychologists
A. Satisfaction and a sense of pride.
B. Anxiety and short-lived happiness.
C. Relaxation and endless motivation.
D. Confidence and permanent happiness.
55. What does the author suggest people do about pursuing success
A. Stop chasing success. B. Chase success at any cost.
C. Reflect on what matters in life. D. Give up love and relationships.
天津市南开区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
第二部分：阅读理解 (共20小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分50分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出一个最佳选项。
A
Outdoor cameras are the modern version of hiring a guard for your home.
Below is a list of some quality outdoor security cameras available in the market.
Ring Floodlight Camera
The camera itself records in HD and you have plenty of support via the app.
Through the app. you can talk to people through the camera.
The camera itself has no night vision. This is a problem in the event that the bulbs burn out, which will happen eventually.
Campark Camera
Since this outdoor security camera is built for hunting. it is wireless and completely waterproof(防水的). Furthermore, its sensors (传感器)are sharp and will naturally have night vision.
That said, there are a few downsides. Because of its higher sensitivity, this camera takes a lot of unnecessary pictures and videos. Furthermore, you’ll need to supply an SD card to store videos and pictures.
Zumimall Camera
The security camera itself is 100% wireless, connects through Wi-Fi, and is battery-operated. It also has night vision and handles cold, heat, and rain very well.
The only point of criticism is the storage. The cloud storage offered is limited. For free. you can store your videos and pictures for up to seven days before the old pictures and videos are replaced.
ZOSI Security Camera System
It’s a system including several security cameras, which pack a lot of qualities. They offer 80 feet of night vision, are weatherproof, raise the alarm when they spot motion, etc.
The downside of this system is that these cameras need to be wired to a center.
And the wiring can be disorganized and untidy.
Click here to buy these cameras:
36. What is the selling point of Ring Floodlight Camera
A. Support through the app. B. Night vision.
C. High sensitivity. D. Long battery life.
37. If you use Zumimall Camera, you ________.
A. need to protect it from cold
B. can connect it to the Internet without wires
C. will have unlimited cloud storage space
D. can freely store the videos and pictures for a month
38. What do Campark Camera and ZOSI Camera have in common
A. They need an SD card. B. They are built for hunting.
C. They require a wire center. D. They can stand up to water.
39. Where can we probably find this advertisement
A. In a newspaper. B. In a department store.
C. On a shopping website. D. On a community noticeboard.
40. Which of the following can best describe this advertisement
A. Informative. B. Supportive.
C. Misleading. D. Imaginative.
B
I can remember when my daughter Maggie, who is now six, used to crawl into my lap and say, “Daddy, read me a story.” Last year she announced, “Daddy, I’m going to read you a story.”
Maggie was a television child. When she first became conscious of anything beyond eating and sleeping, the TV set was right there, and it soon commanded her attention.
A few years ago, we were worried not only that we’d never get the children away from the set long enough to learn to read, but that we’d forget how to read ourselves. But in 1955 there was not only more reading than before TV, but more reading than ever before in history.
Clearly, reading has survived television as it has survived a lot of other things. When I was six, a wail went up about menaces (威胁) to reading at home: motor cars and cinema. When Maggie came along, there was television. The motorcar, the radio, the cinema and television do take up a lot of time.
Well, we’ve got more time. When my mother was a girl, people worked about 60hours a week. Now it’s 44. When Maggie grows up, it’ll be 30. And there’ll be numerous gadgets to do her housework. She’ll have to read. You can’t watch TV all day. At present Maggie is reading about Johnny Woodchuck. Ahead of her—and I’m a little envious—are her first brush with Black Beauty, Alice stepping through the looking glass, Huck and Jim drifting down the Mississippi, the emotional storms of Shakespeare, the spiritual agonies of Tolstoy. For reading isn’t all joy. Like life itself, it’s mixed with many moods, from ecstasy (狂喜) to despair. Maggie will learn to take the rough with the smooth, gathering from the ancient wisdom of long-dead genius a little fire to enrich her spirit.
And some day, if she’s lucky, she’ll get the biggest thrill of all, when a little girl climbs into her lap and announces, “Mummy, I’m going to read you a story.”
41. Which of the following things used to catch Maggie’s attention too much
A. The motorcar. B. The radio. C. The cinema. D. The television.
42 Why do the young generation like Maggie have more access to reading
A. They face less working pressure.
B. There is more time available for reading.
C. Their parents encourage them more often.
D. They have a stronger desire for knowledge.
43. What makes the author envious of Maggie
A. Her exposure to classic reading. B. Her productive works in writing.
C. Her wild imagination in daily life. D. Her spiritual reflection on the books.
44. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 6 imply
A. Maggie has rich experiences.
B. Maggie has a good plan for reading.
C. Maggie will benefit a lot from reading.
D. Maggie is on the road to becoming a genius.
45. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. It is a blessing that reading can be passed down.
B. More girls like Maggie enjoy telling stories.
C. Maggie’s daughter brings her the biggest thrill.
D. Reading makes Maggie a fortunate girl.
C
Children love it when someone reads a book to them. They love funny sounds, rhyming words and silly pictures. They love the sound of their mom or dad’s voice. Sometimes, however, their mom or dad can’t read to them, because that parent is in prison.
Aunt Mary’s Storybook Project, started in 1993, is now a national program that promotes incarcerated parents reading to their children. Church or service groups donate books and postage. Incarcerated parents pick out books, read them and either volunteers or prison workers mail the books and tapes out to the children. Last May, we distributed 191 books, meaning that 191 children received a book and a tape. The incarcerated readers record their books, followed by a personal message to the child. Sometimes it is amusing listening to strong, tattooed (纹身) muscle men making animal sounds or funny voices of different characters. Sometimes all I hear is silence, and then sounds that confirm my guess that they arc calming themselves after an unexpected wave of feelings.
Seventy percent of children of incarcerated parents eventually end up facing the justice system themselves at some point in their lives. Many of these children end up doing hard time in jails.
In reality, though, they are doing hard time now as 12-year-olds, 7-ycar-olds, and even as babies. They grow up thinking that their parent is “bad” and doesn’t care. They are often teased and feel they have to defend themselves or their parent, sometimes in a violent way.
When they receive in the mail a book and a tape of their parent reading to them, they hear another message, “Daddy/Mommy loves me; he/she has a happy voice; he/she thinks reading is cool. ”
Aunt Mary’s Storybook Project is just a small pill for one huge social illness.
But when we think we are merely scratching the surface at least 191 kids are feeling a little bit better!
46. What do incarcerated parents do in Aunt Mary’s Storybook Project
A. They read to their children on a tape.
B. They record books with their children.
C. They meet their children and read to them.
D. They read books that their children choose.
47. Why is there silence before some incarcerated parents speak
A. They want to speak with feelings.
B. They have to control their feelings.
C. They need to consider what to say.
D. They feel guilty about what they did.
48. What can we infer about the children according to Paragraph 4
A. They will study law in state-run university in the future.
B. They have to learn to face reality bravely by themselves.
C. They gain a lot from their parents’ life experience.
D. They themselves may become lawbreakers in the future.
49. What does the underlined word ”teased“ in Paragraph 5 mean
A. making mistakes B. behaving themselves
C. made fun of D. taken care of
50. What does the author think of what they do
A. It is worth doing.
B. It makes little difference.
C. It has great effect on society.
D. It can change incarcerated parents.
D
People have speculated (思索) for centuries about a future without work. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by inequality: A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in a wasteland. A different prediction holds that without jobs to give their lives meaning future people will simply become lazy and depressed.
But it doesn’t necessarily follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with dissatisfaction. Such visions are based on the downsides of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the absence of work, a society designed with other ends in mind could provide strikingly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure.
These days, spare time is relatively rare for most workers. “When I come home from a hard day’s work, I often feel tired.” says John Danaher, a lecturer at the National University of Ireland, adding, “In a world in which I don’t have to work. I might feel rather different — perhaps different enough to throw myself into a hobby with the enthusiasm usually reserved for professional matters.”
Daniel Everett, an anthropologist (人类学家) at Bentley University studied a group of hunter-gathers in the Amazon called the Piranha for years. According to Everett, while some might consider hunting and gathering as work, hunter-gatherers don’t. “They think of it as fun.” he says. “They don’t have a concept of work the way we do.”
Everett described a typical day for the Piraha: A man might get up, spend a few hours fishing, have a barbecue, and play until the evening. Does this relaxing life lead to the depression and purposelessness seen among so many of today’s unemployed “I’ve never seen anything like depression there, except people who are physically ill.” Everett says. While many may consider work necessary for human life, work as it exists today is a relatively new invention in the course of human culture. “We think it’s bad to just sit around with nothing to do,” says Everett. “For the Piraha, it’s quite a desirable state.”
51. How does the author introduce the topic in Paragraph 1
A. By comparing wealthy people with the majority.
B. By giving a definition to inequality in society.
C. By listing different predictions of a work-free world
D. By picturing a lazy and depressed atmosphere.
52. What docs the underlined word “downsides” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to
A Challenges. B. Losses. C. Disadvantages. D. Risks.
53. John Danaher might agree that__________.
A. work plays an important role in our future life
B people’s work-free future life will be full of charm
C. people don’t know how to balance work and life
D. higher unemployment makes life tougher for workers
54 Why is Daniel Everett’s study mentioned
A. To justify John Danaher’s opinion.
B. To show a future life without work.
C. To compare different views on work.
D. To introduce the Piraha in the Amazon.
55. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true
A. Some people dislike a work-free world.
B. The Piraha don’t think they are working at all.
C. Future people might become lazy and depressed.
D. Daniel Everett prefer to sit around doing nothing
答案：
天津市和平区2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】36. A 37. B 38. D 39. A 40. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是高中学生大学前暑期项目。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据Applications of Nanoscience Summer Institute at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)部分的“They’ll attend lectures, take part in hands-on experiments, and work on a team project having to do with actual scientific research.(他们将参加讲座，动手做实验，并参与与实际科学研究有关的团队项目。)”可知，你能从纳米科学项目中获得宝贵的研究经验。故选A。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据Artificial Intelligence Laboratory’s Outreach Summer Program at Stanford University部分的“In an attempt to increase diversity in the field of Artificial Intelligence, Stanford University hosts this pre-college summer program for girls who are interested in A.I. and willing to choose it as a college major and future career.(为了增加人工智能领域的多样性，斯坦福大学为那些对人工智能感兴趣并愿意选择它作为大学专业和未来职业的女孩举办了这个大学前暑期项目。)”可知，斯坦福大学启动人工智能项目是为了吸引更多的女学生探索人工智能，故选B。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据Artificial Intelligence Laboratory’s Outreach Summer Program at Stanford University部分的“Over the course of three weeks, the young women in the program are exposed to Artificial Intelligence through lectures, industry field trips, hands-on projects, and even mentoring sessions(指导会议) with professors, researchers, and graduate students.(在为期三周的课程中，项目中的年轻女性通过讲座、行业实地考察、实践项目，甚至与教授、研究人员和研究生进行指导课程，接触到人工智能。)”可知，在斯坦福大学的人工智能项目中，学生可以与人工智能专家交流，寻求建议。故选D。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据Engineering Pre-College Summer Program at Syracuse University部分的“How Much: $3, 090 for boarding students; $2, 191 for commuting students(费用：寄宿学生3090美元；走读学生费用为2191美元)”可知，如果你申请Syracuse University的工程项目，你可以选择住在校外，故选A。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据Applications of Nanoscience (纳米科学) Summer Institute at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)部分的“Over the course of two weeks, program participants will learn the basics of pursuing a scientific research project.(在两周的课程中，项目参与者将学习从事科学研究项目的基本知识。)”，Artificial Intelligence Laboratory’s Outreach Summer Program at Stanford University部分的“In an attempt to increase diversity in the field of Artificial Intelligence(为了增加人工智能领域的多样性)”和Engineering Pre-College Summer Program at Syracuse University部分的“This unique summer program is perfect for the high school students considering a career in engineering, as it combines college-level introductory courses with hands-on activities and field trips.(这个独特的暑期项目非常适合考虑从事工程工作的高中生，因为它结合了大学水平的入门课程和实践活动和实地考察。)”可知，这三个项目都专注于技术领域。故选B。
【答案】41. D 42. A 43. C 44. D 45. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国的Enchanted Pumpkin Garden Festival和南瓜雕塑家雷·维拉法恩。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Luckily for them, the sculptor Ray Villafane fell in love with the four-acre Carefree Desert Gardens and agreed to carve pumpkins for the tourists.”（对他们来说幸运的是，雕塑家雷·维拉法恩爱上了占地四英亩的Carefree Desert Gardens，并同意为游客雕刻南瓜。）可知，雕塑家雷·维拉法恩同意为游客雕刻南瓜，由此可知，一年一度的Enchanted Pumpkin Garden Fest