2022-2023学年高三英语二轮复习专题练习专题十三 阅读理解（含解析）
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| 名称 | 2022-2023学年高三英语二轮复习专题练习专题十三 阅读理解（含解析） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2023-02-22 22:01:27 | ||
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专题十三 阅读理解
一、
The number of weather-related disasters has increased by five times over the past 50 years, the latest report by the World Meteorological (气象) Organization (WMO) said on September. However, thanks to improved early warning systems and disaster management, the number of death from these hazards (危险) has been almost three times less.
According to the WMO, from 1970 to 2019, weather, climate and water hazards accounted for 50 percent of all disasters. Among the top 10 hazards that led to the largest loss of human life during this period were droughts, storms, floods and extreme temperatures. However, deaths fell from over 50, 000 in the 1970s to less than 20, 000 in the 2010s.
“Weather, climate and water extremes are increasing and will become more frequent and severe in many parts of the world as a result of climate change,” says WMO Secretary-General Petteri Taalas.
“That means more heat waves, drought and forest fires such as those we have observed recently in Europe and North America. We have more water vapor in the atmosphere, which is worsening extreme rainfall and deadly flooding. The warming of the oceans has affected the frequency and area of existence of the most intense tropical storms.”
“Economic losses are increasing as exposure increases. But behind the statistics lies a message of hope. Improved multi-hazard early warning systems have led to a significant reduction in deaths. Quite simply, we are better than ever before at saving lives,” Taalas said.
1.What do we know from the first paragraph
A.Disasters connected with weather have gone up.
B.The number of weather-related disasters has decreased.
C.The number of deaths from hazards has been increasing.
D.Early warning systems have made disasters decline much.
2.What will happen according to Petteri Taalas
A.There will be more extreme weather.
B.Extreme rainfall will no longer exist.
C.Water vapor in the atmosphere will go down.
D.Humans will defeat extreme weather in the end.
3.What is hopeful behind the bad news
A.Improved warning systems will save economic losses.
B.Economic losses are going down as exposure increases.
C.More lives will be saved thanks to early warning systems.
D.Improved early warning systems will control extreme weather
4.Where may the text be taken from
A.A novel. B.A brochure. C.A magazine. D.A guideline.
二、
The life of a premature (早产的) baby born during the winter storm in Texas was saved thanks to a team of medical professionals, including a doctor and two nurses who traveled from east Austin to Marble Falls in an effort to save a newborn baby's life.
When Arias began experiencing pains, she and her parents headed to the closest hospital, Baylor Scott & White. Arias gave birth to her daughter, Zaylynn, who weighed just over one pound and was in need of advanced special care. However, the hospital does not offer the specialized care premature babies require.
"We had five or six people out at the nurses' station calling hospital networks all over the state of Texas," said Meredith Schubert, the labor and delivery nurse on duty when Arias arrived. "Nobody could answer our cry for help."
They finally reached Dr. John Loyd through a patient, division neonatologist chief at Dell Children's Medical Center in Austin, Texas. Around 5 p.m., after already having worked a full shift, Loyd packed his SUV with equipment and he and two NICU nurses set out for Marble Falls, about 55 miles away. The drive took Loyd and the nurses about two hours as they drove in the night through ice and snow.
After safely arriving at the Marble Falls medical center around 8 p.m., the Dell Children's crew set up a temporary newborn ICU. Together, the Dell Children's and Baylor Scott & White teams worked around the clock to care for the mother and daughter.
Once the weather cleared enough to allow for a helicopter to safely land, Zaylynn was transferred to Dell Children's, where there is a Level IV newborn intensive care unit.
"It was incredible when the helicopter lifted off. There were tears from all of us," said Schubert. "It was a huge relief and sense of accomplishment and joy that Zaylynn was doing so well and getting to the place that she needed to be."
Arias told KVUE that she was grateful to the doctors and nurses who worked together to save her daughter.
5.What did the newborn baby need badly
A.Professional surgery. B.Special intensive nursing.
C.Immediate transfer. D.Experienced doctors.
6.Which word best describes Schubert's cry for help before reaching Loyd
A.Timely. B.Hopeful. C.Desperate. D.Encouraging.
7.What was the most touching part about Loyd
A.He came with all the necessary equipment.
B.He tried his best to maintain his honor.
C.He had enough bravery to drive at night.
D.He drove to rescue at night in severe weather.
8.What made the doctors and nurses feel a sense of relief
A.The fine weather. B.The baby's improvement.
C.The takeoff of the helicopter. D.The baby's arrival at its destination.
三、
People in their sixties should go to university to retrain because they will be expected to work for longer before retirement, the government has suggested.
Older workers who take courses to keep their skills up to date will be more likely to keep their jobs, claims David Willetts, the higher education minister. Mr. Willetts said the age limit on student loans to cover tuition fees (学费） had been lifted, making a degree course “great value” for older people. This would help them cope with the pressure they would face to keep up to date as they worked well into their sixties, he suggested.
His comments followed a government report which found that the country's future economic success would depend on the skills and contributions of older workers.
Campaigners for the elderly voiced doubts that prospective pensioners would be willing to commit to challenging degree courses and increased levels of debt to continue working. One in four people will be older than 65 by 2033 and economists have warned that the ageing population will place an unsustainable (无法持续的）burden on taxpayers unless more people work for longer. The state pension age is to rise to 67 by 2028. Ministers have warned that they have no idea when younger workers in their thirties will be able to retire.
Mr. Willetts, urged workers older than 60 to give further education serious consideration. “There is certainly a pressure for continuing to get retrained and upskilled,” he said. “Higher education has an economic benefit in that if you stay up to date with knowledge and skills you are more employable. ” “Education is such a good thing it is not reserved for younger people,” he said.“There will be people of all ages who will want to study. There is great value in lifelong learning.”
Under previous rules, students in England were eligible(符合条件的）for a loan to cover tuition fees only if they were younger than 54. Latest figures showed that only 1,940 under-graduates starting courses last year were older than 60, out of a total of 552,240 students in Britain. Some 6,455 were aged between 50 and 60, according to the Higher Education Statistics Agency.
9.Why is it "great value" for older people to take a degree course
A.Because they can get training without paying student loans.
B.Because they can cover the college tuition fees by themselves.
C.Because they are allowed to apply for student loans.
D.Because they face the age limit when applying for the tuition fees.
10.Who will most probably refuse to continue to work through taking a degree course
A.Elderly workers. B.Prospective pensioners.
C.Mature taxpayers. D.Young students.
11.According to Mr. Willetts, what is the advantage of higher education
A.It allows people at various ages to get good education paying no tuition fees.
B.Younger people have more chances to achieve a higher degree than the old.
C.Older workers can take the opportunity to fulfill their dreams of learning.
D.Up-to-date knowledge and skills can increase people's probability of being hired.
12.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that_______.
A.People older than 54 now can't apply for student loans to cover their tuition fees
B.Older people who are willing to get retrained now are becoming fewer and fewer
C.The older people become, the fewer of them will receive higher education
D.Undergraduates older than 50 account for more than 7% of students in Britain
四、
Lily, 17 and Evie, 15, love cooking and regularly practice their skills. “Both of us obviously love cooking and are very passionate about the state of our city in which we want to make a change for the better,” Evie told Yahoo Life.
Though the teens are too young to become politicians, they often used their baking skills to help with campaigns that try to make their city better. In their spare time, they baked cupcakes and then sold them to raise money. According to Yahoo life, they raised a total of 30 ,000 dollars (about 191,000 yuan) in their first fundraiser.
“Once you get a taste for making a difference in the world, you can’t stop,” Lily added.
After this success, the sisters continued helping others. New American Pathways is an Atlanta-based nonprofit organization that helps refugees (难民). Though the organization has tried its best to support newly arrived refugees, it’s unable to do everything for them. Many young Afghan refuges don’t have backpacks and other school supplies.
As teen students, the sisters understood how important school supplies are. So they decided to give a hand to these young refugees. At the suggestion of the organization, they started a bake sale to raise funds. Whenever they had the time, they would bake desserts by themselves or called for families and neighbors to join in with them.
With their great work, they ended up getting 240 filled backpacks.
“Knowing that each backpack would be held by a kid that might not have had a backpack at all felt really good, and I was excited to know that we could fuel their love of learning.” Evie told the website Inspiration Post.
They also hope to inspire others to make a difference no matter how small it is.“No matter how small you might feel your voice is,” Lily told Daily Viral News, “just know that you can make a difference in your community. You just have to go for it.”
13.How did Lily and Evie make their city better
A.They used their hobby to make a difference.
B.They tried to become politicians.
C.They called for the public to raise money.
D.They launched an environmental campaign.
14.What did Lily and Evie do for young Afghan refugees
A.Baking desserts for free.
B.Persuading passers-by to start a sale.
C.Promoting 240 filled backpacks.
D.Earning money for school supplies by baking.
15.What can be inferred about the kids from paragraph 7
A.They wouldn’t suffer hunger.
B.Their passion for learning would be greater.
C.They would love their school.
D.Their love for cooking would be inspired.
16.What can we learn from Lily and Evie’s story .
A.Skill comes with practice.
B.Success results from helping others.
C.A small act of kindness matters.
D.Voluntary work needs more money.
五、
Liu Yexi has taken Douyin by storm. As of Nov. 17, the virtual idol, who appeared on the social media platform on Oct. 31, had only released two short videos but attracted over 5 million followers. Different from other virtual idols, Liu is defined as a “virtual beauty vlogger”. In her first video, Liu is doing makeup with an eye brush while dressed in a traditional Chinese costume. When she turns around, the onlookers are terrified, except one boy. Then Liu slightly brushes the boys eyes, allowing him to see the fantasy world in her own eyes.
The internet users were impressed by its storyline, science-fiction elements and special visual effects with cyberpunk style. Liang Zikang, the CEO of the production team, told China Newsweek that the team spent two months making the video.
Lius instant popularity online further reflects that the virtual idol industry in China has been booming. There are over 32,400 virtual idols that have opened accounts on video-sharing platform Bilibili in the past year, seeing a year-on-year rise of 40 percent, Chen Rui, the CEO of Bilibili, said in a speech.
“Compared with real idols and stars, the virtual ones seem to be more approachable for fans,” Shine News noted. Additionally, these virtual web celebrities won't have scandals.
As more young people are fascinated by these virtual figures, their commercial value has been on the rise. Generally, they earn money by endorsements(代言), online concerts, livestreaming and related products. For example, Luo Tianyi, a well-known virtual singer, cooperated with livestreamer Li Jiaqi to promote goods in 2020.
Therefore, some people are wondering whether they will replace real humans. “These so-called virtual idols have real human teams to back them up and control them. They are not really virtual,” Ding Daoshi, an independent analyst in the internet sector, told the Global Times. The real virtual idol will come when artificial intelligence achieves a new level of self-learning and self-training and then interacts with others, he added.
17.Which of the following contributes to the popularity of Liu Yexis video
A.The video involves sci-fi elements.
B.The video features funny visual effects.
C.The video teaches useful makeup skills.
D.The video tells a traditional Chinese story.
18.Which is an advantage virtual idols have over real idols
A.They can attract more followers.
B.They have higher commercial value.
C.They can be approached more easily.
D.They are equipped with better talents.
19.What do we know about the current virtual idols according to Ding
A.They can interact with each other.
B.They will replace human idols soon.
C.They are dependent on human teams.
D.They can learn and train by themselves.
20.Which is the best title for the text
A.Virtual idols are sweeping the Internet.
B.People raise concern about virtual idols.
C.AI technology has made a new breakthrough.
D.Social media platforms are gaining popularity.
六、
The human criterion for perfect vision is 20/20 for reading the standard lines on a Snellen eye chart without any problem. The score is determined by how well you read lines of letters of different sizes from 20 feet away. But being able to read the bottom line on the eye chart does not approximate perfection as far as other species are concerned.
Most birds would consider us very visually handicapped (缺陷). The hawk, for instance, has such sharp eyes that it can spot a dime on the sidewalk while perched on top of the Empire State Building. It can make fine visual distinctions because it is blessed with one million cones per square millimeter in its retina (视网膜). And in water, humans are farsighted, while the kingfisher, swooping down to spear fish, can see well in both the air and water because it is endowed with two foveae (凹窝)－areas of the eye, consisting mostly of cones, that provide visual distinctions. One fovea permits the bird, while in the air, to scan the water below with one eye at a time. This is called monocular vision. Once it hits the water, the other fovea joins in, allowing the kingfisher to focus both eyes, like binoculars, on its prey at the same time. A frog's vision is distinguished by its ability to perceive things as a constant motion picture. Known as “bug detectors”， a highly developed set of cells in a frog's eyes responds mainly to moving objects. So, it is said that a frog sitting in a field of dead bugs wouldn't see them as food and would starve.
The bee has a “compound” eye, which is used for navigation. It has 15,000 facets that divide what it sees into a pattern of dots, or mosaic. With this kind of vision, the bee sees the sun only as a single dot, a constant point of reference. Thus, the eye is a superb navigational instrument that constantly measures the angle of its line of flight in relation to the sun. A bee's eye also gauges (测量) flight speed. And if that is not enough to leave our 20/20 “perfect vision” paling into insignificance, the bee is capable of seeing something we can't-ultraviolet light. Thus, what humans consider to be “perfect vision” is in fact rather limited when we look at other species.
However, there is still much to be said for the human eye. Of all the mammals, only humans and some primates can enjoy the pleasures of color vision.
21.How is hawk's eyesight better than ours
A.It can identify small items more quickly than we do.
B.It can see at a longer distance than we do.
C.It has more cones in the retina than any other species.
D.It has bigger eyes than we do.
22.Monocular vision enables the kingfisher to _____.
A.avoid farsightedness B.be able to see underwater
C.move one eye at a time D.focus its eyes on the prey
23.A bee finds its direction by _____.
A.dividing what it sees into thousands of dots
B.constantly gauging its flying speed
C.using the sun as a constant point of reference
D.measuring the angle of the sun
24.What is the main idea of the passage
A.The differences between human eyes and other species' eyes.
B.The advantages of other species' eyes in comparison with human eyes.
C.The factors that make other species' eyes better than human eyes.
D.The standard that determines the "perfect vision" of human eyes.
七、
For generations, the standard way to learn how to ride a bicycle was with training wheels. But in recent years, many parents prefer to train their kids with balance bikes, two-wheelers that enable children to develop the competence needed for bicycling.
Given the benefits of balance bikes, why did it take so long for them to replace training wheels There are plenty of other examples in which ignored solutions that involve subtraction(减法) turn out to be better alternatives. In some European cities, for example, urban planners have gotten rid of traffic lights and road signs to make streets safer.
Leidy Klotz, an engineer at the University of Virginia, noticed that reformative designs, in which elements are removed from an existing model, were uncommon. So he reached out to Adams, a social psychologist, to try to figure out why this was the case. The two researchers hypothesized(假设) that there might be an explanation: when faced with a problem, people tend to select solutions that involve adding new elements rather than taking existing components away.
Adams, Klotz and their colleagues set out to test if their hypothesis was correct. The researchers first carried out a set of studies. In one, they asked 91 participants to make a pattern symmetrical(对称的) by either adding or removing colored boxes. Only 18 people used subtraction. In another, the team scanned through ideas for improvement submitted to an incoming university president and found that only 11 percent of 651 project plans involved getting rid of an existing regulation, practice or program.
These findings suggest that “additive solutions have sort of a priority”, says Benjamin Converse, a co-author of the study. “Subtractive solutions are not necessarily harder to consider, but they take more effort to find.”
For now the team hopes that these findings will encourage people across various fields to think about subtractive options that might be typically ignored. “The hope is that, just by getting people to think about this more, maybe it will help inspire some other ignored subtractions,” Converse says.
25.What is the purpose of paragraph 1
A.To present a problem. B.To introduce the topic.
C.To give some examples. D.To put forward a concept.
26.What can we learn from the first two paragraphs
A.Balance bikes are not good for training kids.
B.People used to learn riding bikes effortlessly.
C.Parents now train kids to ride bikes pointedly.
D.Some European cities ignore their governance.
27.What does Converse say about subtractive solutions
A.They are superior to additive solutions.
B.They are often harmful for creativity.
C.They are always overlooked by our brain.
D.They are often preferred by conservatives.
28.Which of the following could be the best title for the text
A.A New Way of Management
B.A Trend of Avoiding Regulations
C.A New Concept of Problem-solving
D.A Study on Problem–solving Methods
八、
New research suggests that a gene that governs the body's biological (circadian) clock acts differently in males versus females and may protect females from heart disease. The study is the first to analyze circadian blood pressure rhythms (节奏) in female mice.
The body's circadian clock-the biological clock that organizes bodily activities over a 24-hour period-contributes to normal variations in blood pressure and heart function over the course of the day. In most healthy humans, blood pressure dips (下降) at night. People who do not experience this temporary drop, called “non-dippers”, are more likely to develop heart disease. The circadian clock is made up of four main proteins (encoded by “clock genes”) that regulate close to half of all genes in the body, including those important for blood pressure regulation.
Previous research has shown that male mice that are missing one of the four clock genes (PER1) become non-dippers and have a higher risk for heart and kidney disease. A research team studied the circadian response and blood pressure of female mice that lack PER1 and compared them with a healthy female control group. On both low-and high-salt diets, both groups “retained an apparent circadian rhythm” of blood pressure, the researchers explained. Unlike the male mice in previous research, the females without PER1 showed normal dips in blood pressure overnight.
These results suggest that the lack of PER1 acts differently in males and females. The findings are consistent with research showing that women are less likely to be non-dippers than men of the same age. "This study represents an important step in understanding sex differences in the regulation of cardiovascular (心血管) function by the circadian clock," the researchers wrote.
29.What does the new research find
A.Biological clock may protect males from heart disease.
B.Biological blood pressure rhythms in female mice acts normally.
C.Biological clock organizes bodily activities over a 24-hour period.
D.A gene controlling biological clock works differently between sexes.
30.What role can circadian clock play according to the text
A.Helping males cure heart disease.
B.Helping blood pressure vary normally.
C.Contributing to abnormal variations in blood pressure.
D.Making up four main proteins regulating almost half of all genes.
31.Which word can best replace the underlined word “retained” in paragraph 3
A.treated. B.warned. C.kept. D.watched.
32.What would be a suitable title for the text
A.One clock gene is important
B.Women may benefit from body clock
C.New study analyzes blood pressure rhythms
D.Blood pressure of healthy humans dips at night
九、
A young woman holds up a book and smiles, saying, “This is day one of me reading ‘The Song of Achilles’.” The video jumps forward. “And this”, she sobs, with tears on her face. “is me finishing it.” Another video, entitled “Books that will make you SOB”, offers written notes on how various stories got readers to cry, such as “I can’t think about it without bawling (痛哭)” and “ended up crying so much I had to change my shirt.”
This is BookTok, as the literary wing of the app TikTok is known. Imagine the emotional changes of a Victorian drama, add music, and you have the general idea.
BookTok is passionate. It is also profitable—at least for publishers. Bloomsbury, a publishing house based in Britain, recently reported record sales and a 220% rise in profits, which Nigel Newton, its boss, put down partly to the “absolute phenomenon” of BookTok.
On Amazon, BookTok is so influential that it has leapt into the titles of books themselves. The novel “It Ends With Us”, for instance, is now listed as “It Ends With Us: TikTok made me buy it!” Evidently TikTok did a good job: the romantic novel is riding high in the top 100 in both Britain and America.
At the same time, BookTok pushes back against publishing amnesia (失忆症). Books areimagined to offer immortality (不朽) to authors—to be a “monument more lasting than bronze”, as the Roman poet Horace wrote- but the lifespan of most books is amazingly short. Dig out a list of bestsellers from 20 years ago: not only are today's readers unlikely to buy them, most won't have heard of them. Many of the books will have joined the lists of what W.H. Auden called the “undeservedly forgotten”.
BookTok is reviving backlists. One reason publishers noticed it, says Philip Gwyn Jones of Picador, a British imprint, was that, under its influence, old titles were coming back into the bestseller charts. It offers such books “a second life”, and he applauds it. Start trending on BookTok, and eventually, a great book finds its readers.
33.What does the woman probably mean by saying “And this is me finishing it” in the first paragraph
A.She will bring an end to the book.
B.She will share her reading experience.
C.She goes through a reading nightmare.
D.She feels regretful of reading the book.
34.Why is BookTok added to the titles of books
A.To boost the sale of books. B.To raise the profit of books.
C.To introduce the use of BookTok. D.To stress the influence of BookTok.
35.How does Booktok revive backlists
A.By curing publishers of their amnesia.
B.By connecting them with the publishers.
C.By building a lasting monument for them.
D.By commenting them emotionally on the videos.
36.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A.Books and social media—Word of mouth
B.Books and social media—Friend or enemy
C.From Books to BookTok—An unstoppable trend
D.From Books to BookTok—Exploring everlasting values
十、
“If you ask anybody who goes to Walt Disney World, ‘Who is Joe Potter ’... They won't know much about him,” said Disney author and historian Christopher Lucas. “Without him, there’d be no Disney World.”
General William Joe Potter was the force that turned a swampy (沼泽的) Florida wetland into the Magic Kingdom. Potter was the architect of Disney World’s government, the mastermind behind the hidden tunnel system at the park and the reason why Disney has no mosquito problem today, Lucas said.
In his early 60s, the graying retired U.S. Army general led the massive construction project to get Disney's land ready to build a theme park. The water there was “a dark-brown color,” Potter recalled. His men pumped out 5 million cubic yards of the sand, added well water and cleaned the lake's bottom to turn it into a totally different one.
The general had been responsible for high-risk projects throughout his entire career before Disney World. At the Panama Canal, he served as governor in charge of business operations and the 40,000 people who lived there from 1956 to 1960. Potter’s inspiration for building the Magic Kingdom's underground tunnels came from the locks and dams(水坝)in the Panama Canal. Potter also knew about battling mosquitoes. “One of the things that he learned from the Panama canal, where people were dying of malaria(疟疾), was if you let water just sit there, you're going to have a problem, ”Lucas said. Potter made sure that water was always in motion and engineered the buildings' roofs so water never piled up. What seemed impossible, building a kingdom in the swamp, was becoming a reality.
Potter wasn’t interested in taking any credit for what he did at Disney World. “He clearly could have been a guy who was all about himself, but he was the exact opposite,” his grandson said.
37.What did Joe Potter do for Disney World
A.He designed the Disney World castles.
B.He prepared the wetland for a theme park.
C.He promoted the business of the Kingdom.
D.He constructed the park's locks and dams.
38.What enabled Joe to battle the mosquito problem
A.His sense of responsibility. B.His great determination.
C.His working experience. D.His architect knowledge.
39.How did Joe successfully tackle the mosquito problem
A.By hiding the tunnel system. B.By pumping out the sand in the lake.
C.By keeping the water running. D.By repairing the buildings’ roofs.
40.Which of the following best describes Joe Potter
A.Capable and modest. B.Demanding and critical.
C.Tough and stubborn D.Disciplined and strict.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段The number of weather-related disasters has increased by five times over the past 50 years, the latest report by the World Meteorological(气象) Organization (WMO) said on September 1.世界气象组织(WMO)9月1日发布的最新报告称,过去50年来,与天气有关的灾害数量增加了五倍。可知,与气候相关的灾难增多了,故选A。
2.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段Weather, climate and water extremes are increasing and will become more frequent and severe in many parts of the world as a result of climate change.由于气候变化,天气、气候和水的极端事件正在增加,并将在世界许多地区变得更加频繁和严重。可知,Petteri Taalas认为极端天气会增多,故选A。
3.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段But behind the statistics lies a message of hope. Improved multi-hazard early warning systems have led to a significant reduction in deaths.但在统计数据背后隐藏着希望的信息。改进的多灾种早期预警系统使得死亡人数显著减少。可知,预警系统会拯救更多生命,故选C。
4.答案：C
解析：文章出处题。根据第三段says WMO Secretary-General Petteri Taalas. WMO 秘书长Petteri Taalas说;第五段结尾Taalas said. Taalas说。可知,文章引用了世界气象组织官员的话,所以最可能出自电视或广播的专题节目,magazine有"(电视、广播)专题节目"的意思。A.A novel一本小说;B.A brochure小册子;C.A magazine一本杂志;D.A guideline一本指导书。故选C。
二、
5.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句"Arias gave birth to her daughter, Zaylynn, who weighed just over one pound and was in need of advanced special care.(Arias生下了她的女儿Zaylynn,她体重刚刚超过一磅,需要高级特殊护理。)"可知,这个新生儿需要特殊的护理。故选B。
6.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。A.Timely及时的;B.Hopeful有希望的;C.Desperate不顾一切的,拼命的;D.Encouraging令人鼓舞的,振奋人心的。根据第三段Schubert说的话"We had five or six people out at the nurses' station calling hospital networks all over the state of Texas(我们有五六个人在护士站给德克萨斯州的所有医院打电话)"可知,当时他们急切的寻求外界的帮助。故选C。
7.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句"The drive took Loyd and the nurses about two hours as they drove in the night through ice and snow.(Loyd和护士们在冰雪夜驱车行进了两个小时)"可知,在恶劣天气下,Loyd夜间开车去营救,这种行为很让人感动。故选D。
8.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句"It was a huge relief and sense of accomplishment and joy that Zaylynn was doing so well and getting to the place that she needed to be.(Zaylynn表现得如此出色,去到了她需要去的地方,这让大家感到巨大的成就感和喜悦,如释重负)"可知,Zaylynn被转移到了目的地,这让大家松了一口气。故选D。
三、
9.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的"Mr. Willetts said the age limit on student loans to cover tuition fees (学费) had been lifted,making a degree course "great value" for older people.(威莱茨说,学生贷款支付学费的年龄限制已经取消,这使得学位课程对老年人来说"很有价值"。)",可知,用于支付学费的助学贷款的申请年龄上限已经取消,老年人学习学位课程"超值",因为老年人也可以申请学生助学贷款,故选C。
10.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的"Campaigners for the elderly voiced doubts that prospective pensioners would be willing to commit to challenging degree courses and increased levels of debt to continue working.(为老年人权益奔走呐喊的活动家怀疑那些有可能成为养老金领取者的人是否愿意为了继续工作而学习学位课程,并承担更多的负债。)"可知,有可能成为养老金领取者的人很可能会拒绝继续攻读学位课程。故选B。
11.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段的"There is certainly a pressure for continuing to get retrained and upskilled," he said. "Higher education has an economic benefit in that if you stay up to date with knowledge and skills you are more employable. " "Education is such a good thing it is not reserved for younger people," he said."There will be people of all ages who will want to study.There is great value in lifelong learning."("再次接受培训、提高工作技能自然存在压力,"他说。"接受高等教育会产生一定的经济效益,因为如果你不断更新知识与技能,你就更能胜任工作。" 他说,"教育诚可贵,并非只为年轻人提供。任何人不论年龄多大,只要想学都可以。要知道,终生学习受益匪浅。")可知,Willetts先生希望60岁以上的工作者接受继续教育,虽然继续接受培训和提高职业技能有些压力,但是如果工作者能够在知识和技能方面与时俱进,就会受益匪浅,因此推断也会更可能被雇佣。故选D。
12.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"Latest figures showed that only 1,940 under-graduates starting courses last year were older than 60,out of a total of 552,240 students in Britain.Some 6,455 were aged between 50 and 60,according to the Higher Education Statistics Agency(最新数据显示,在英国总共552,240名学生中去年开课的大学本科生中只有1940人年龄超过60岁。根据高等教育统计署的统计,有约6455人年龄介于50到60岁之间。)"可知,本段阐明60岁以上的大学生有1940人,50岁到60岁之间的大学生有6455人,通过计算可知,两者占学生总数不到2%,由于50岁到60岁之间的大学生有6455人,而60岁以上的大学生只有1940人,由此可以判断,老年人年龄越大,他们之中越少的人会接受高等教育,故选C。
四、
13.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的Lily,l7 and Evie,l5,love cooking and regularly practice their skills.(I7岁的莉莉和15岁的伊芙喜欢烹饪,经常练习厨艺)'和第二段的Though the teens are too young to become politicians,。they often used their baking skills to help with campaigns that try to make their city better.(虽然这些十几岁的孩子还太小,不能成为政治家,但他们经常用自己的烘焙技能来帮助那些试图让他们的城市变得更好的活动)可知,莉莉和伊芙用自己的爱好来发挥作用使城市变得更好,故选A。
14.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的Many young Afghan refuges don't have backpacks and other school supplies.(许多年轻的阿富汗难民没有背包和其他学习用品)和第五段的“At the suggestion of the organization,they started a bake sale to raise funds.(在该组织的建议下,她们开始了一场糕饼义卖来筹集资金)'和第六段的With their great work,they ended up getting 240 filled backpacks.(由于她们的出色工作,她们最终获得了240个装满的背包)可知,Liy和Evi为年轻的阿富汗难民通过烘焙来赚钱买学习用品。故选D。
15.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第七段的Knowing that each backpack would be held by a kid that might not have had a backpack at all felt really good,and I was excited to know that we could fuel their love of learning.(知道每个背包都由一个根本设有背包的孩子抱着,感觉真的很好,我很兴奋,知道我们可以激发他们对学习的热爱)可知,从第七段我们可以推断出孩子们的学习热情会更强。故选B。
16.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的They also hope to inspire others to make a difference no matter how small it is.No matter how small you might feel your voice is,"Lily told Daily Viral News,"just know that you can make a difference in your community.You just have to go for it.”(她们也希望激励其他人做出改变,无论这是多么小的事情。“不管你觉得自己的声音有多小,莉莉告诉Daily Viral News,“只要知道你可以在你的社区做出改变。你只要去争取就行了。")可知,我们能从Lily和Eve的故事中学到一个小小的善举很重要,即A small act of kindness matters,故选C。
五、
17.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。由本文第二段中的The internet users were impressed by its storyline, science-fiction elements and special visual effects with cyberpunk style.(网友们对其故事情节、科幻元素和赛博朋克风格的特殊视觉效果印象深刻。)以及第三段中的Lius instant popularity online further reflects that the virtual idol industry in China has been booming.(柳在网上的迅速走红进一步反映了中国虚拟偶像行业的蓬勃发展。)可知虚拟偶像柳夜熙的视频中的科幻元素,有助于视频的流行。故选A。
18.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。由本文第四段Compared with real idols and stars, the virtual ones seem to be more approachable for fans,(与真实的偶像和明星相比,虚拟的偶像和明星对粉丝来说似乎更平易近人,)可知虚拟偶像比真实的偶像更容易接近。故选C。
19.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。由本文最后一段"These so-called virtual idols have real human teams to back them up and control them. They are not really virtual," Ding Daoshi, an independent analyst in the internet sector, told the Global Times. The real virtual idol will come when artificial intelligence achieves a new level of self-learning and self-training and then interacts with others, he added.("这些所谓的虚拟偶像有真实的人类团队来支持和控制他们。它们并不是真正的虚拟,"互联网领域的独立分析师丁道石在接受《环球时报》采访时表示。他补充说,当人工智能达到自我学习和自我训练的新水平,然后与他人互动时,真正的虚拟偶像就会到来。)可知根据丁道石的话,可以推断出目前的虚拟偶像其背后有真实的人类团体支持,因此他们的存在依赖于人类团体。故选C。
20.答案：A
解析：标题判断题。通读全文,文章以柳夜熙为例,他凭借其视频的故事情节、科幻元素和赛博朋克风格的特殊视觉效果而在网上的迅速走红,反映了中国虚拟偶像行业的蓬勃发展,文章同时剖析了其中的原因,效应以及未来的发展趋势。所以以A. Virtual idols are sweeping the Internet.(虚拟偶像正在席卷互联网。)作为题目最合适。故选A。
六、
21.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。由题干中的"hawk"定位到第二段第二句话The hawk, for instance, has such sharp eyes that it can spot a dime on the sidewalk while perched on top of the Empire State Building. 例如,这只鹰有一双锐利的眼睛,它栖息在帝国大厦顶上时可以看到人行道上的一角硬币。由此句可知,鹰从帝国大厦顶部可以看到人行道上的一个硬币,强调远距离,故选B项。
22.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。由题干中的"monocular vision"定位到第二段第五句和第六句"One fovea permits the bird, while in the air, to scan the water below with one eye at a time. This is called monocular vision. "一个中央凹允许鸟在空中时用一只眼睛一次扫描下面的水。这被称为单眼视觉。所以单眼视觉能够让中央凹一次移动一只眼睛,故选C项。
23.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。由题干中的"bee"定位到第三段第三、四句"With this kind of vision, the bee sees the sun only as a single dot, a constant point of reference. Thus, the eye is a superb navigational instrument that constantly measures the angle of its line off light in relation to the sun. "在这种视野下,蜜蜂只把太阳看作一个单一的点, 一个恒定的参照物。因此,眼睛是一种极好的导航仪器,它不断地测量自己的飞行线与太阳的角度。可知,蜜蜂通过把太阳看成是一个永恒的参照点来找寻方向,故选C项。
24.答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。由首段最后一句" But being able to read the bottom line on the eye chart does not approximate perfection as far as other species are concerned."但就其他物种而言,能够阅读视力表上的底线并不是近乎完美的。可知,人类视力不如其他物种第二、三段通过hawk、kingfisher. frog. bee 四个例子来证明以上观点,最后一段"Of all the mammals, only humans and some primates can enjoy the pleasures of color vision."在所有的哺乳动物中,只有人类和一些灵长类动物能够享受色觉的乐趣。指出人类视力也有优于其他物种的地方。所以本篇文章主要在讲人类和其他物种在视力.上的不同。故选A项。
七、
25.答案：B
解析：写作目的题。由文章第一段" But in recent years , many parents prefer to train their kids with balance bikes , two-wheelers that enable children to develop the competence needed for bicycling. (但近年来,许多家长更喜欢用平衡自行车来训练孩子。平衡自行车是两轮车,能让孩子发展骑车所需的能力。) "可知,作者主要在第一段说明一种现象来引出后文讨论的话题。故选B项。
26.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。 根据第一段第二句"But in recent years , many parents prefer to train their kids with balance bikes, two-wheelers that enable children to develop the competence needed for bicycling. (但近年来,许多父母更喜欢用平衡自行车来训练孩子,这是一种两轮自行车,可以让孩子培养骑自行车所需的能力。) "可知,父母现在有针对性的训练孩子们怎么骑车。故选C项。
27.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。 根据第五段内容"These findings suggest that "additive solutions have sort of a priority" , says Benjamin Converse, a co-author of the study. " Subtractive solutions are not necessarily harder to consider，but they take more effort to find." (该研究的合著者本杰明 康弗斯( Benjamin Converse )说,这些发现表明"附加解决方案具有某种优先级"。"减法解决方案不一定更难考虑,但需要付出更多努力才能找到。" ) "可知, Converse觉得做减法的方法并不一定很难想到,但是要付出更多的努力去寻找它们,可推知, Converse觉得做减法的方法总是被我们的大脑忽略。故选C项。
28.答案：D
解析：标题概括题。通读全文可知, 文章介绍了研究人员对于人们在解决问题时倾向于做加法的现象展开了研究。D项是本文的最佳标题。故选D。
八、
29.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段New research suggests that a gene that governs the body's biological (circadian) clock acts differently in males versus females and may protect females from heart disease.新的研究表明,控制人体生物钟(昼夜节律)的基因在男性和女性中的作用不同,可能保护女性免受心脏病的侵害。可知,新的研究发现,控制生物钟的基因对于男性和女性的作用是不同的,故选D。
30.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段The body's circadian clock-the biological clock that organizes bodily activities over a 24-hour period-contributes to normal variations in blood pressure and heart function over the course of the day.人体昼夜节律的在24小时内组织身体活动的生物钟有助于一天中血压和心脏功能的正常变化。可知,生物钟有助于血压和心脏功能正常变化,故选B。
31.答案：C
解析：词句猜测题。根据第三段Unlike the male mice in previous research, the females without PER1 showed normal dips in blood pressure overnight.与先前研究中的雄性小鼠不同,没有PER1的雌性小鼠在一夜之间血压正常下降。可知,此句研究结果与前句表示对比,前句表示在低盐和高盐的饮食中,两组小鼠的血压保持明显的昼夜节律,推测划线单词表示"保持",与kept同义。A.treated对待;B.warned警告;C.kept保持;D.watched观察。故选C。
32.答案：B
解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段New research suggests that a gene that governs the body's biological (circadian) clock acts differently in males versus females and may protect females from heart disease.新的研究表明,控制人体生物钟(昼夜节律)的基因在男性和女性中的作用不同,可能保护女性免受心脏病的侵害。可知,生物钟可能保护女性免受心脏病的侵害,以及最后一段The findings are consistent with research showing that women are less likely to be non-dippers than men of the same age.研究表明,女性比同龄男性更不可能成为非杓型。可知,女性受到生物钟的影响,心脏和肾脏疾病风险可能更低,所以B.Women may benefit from body clock"女性可能受益于生物钟"可以作为文章标题,故选B。
九、
33.答案：B
解析：词句猜测题。通读第一段,尤其是根据第一段"The video jumps forward. "And this", she moans, her face stained with tears.. (视频快进，画面一转。“而这，”她哽咽着,泪流满...可知，这名年轻女子读了《阿喀琉斯之歌》之后，深受触动，并且将阅读这本书的感受和经验拍成视频作品，分享到了TikTok上,第一段中"And this is me finishing it"可能是指的作品中的她正在分享阅读这本书的经验。因此,推知女人在第一段中说And this is me finishing it的意思是B项"She will share her reading experience.(她将分享她的阅读经验) ",符合题意,故选B项。
34.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段"Bloomsbury, a publishing house based in Britain, recently reported record sales and a 220% rise in profits, which Nigel Newton, its boss, put down partly to the "absolute phenomenon" of BookTok. (总部位于英国的布鲁姆斯伯里出版社最近公布了创纪录的销售额和220%的利润增长，其老板奈吉尔牛顿将其部分归因于BookTok的“十足出色”以及第四段"On Amazon, BookTok is so influential that it has leapt into the tiles of books themselves.(在亚马逊上，BookTok的影响力如此之大，以至于它已被加入了书籍的标题之中)"可知，Tik Tok中的Book Tok标签推动了书籍的关注,使销售增长,以至于书名中增加Book Tok标签,推知书名中增加了BookTok标签的目的是促进书籍的销售。因此，书名中增加了Book Tok的原因是A项"To boost the sale of books.(以促进书籍的销售)",符合题意,故选A项。
35.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段“At the same time, BookTok pushes back against publishing amnesia. Books are imagined to offer immortality to author...(与比同时, Book Tok反对出版“失忆症”。正如罗马诗人霍拉斯所写,书籍被认为是一座“比青 铜更持久的纪念碑”)”以及第六段“BookTok is reviving backlists. One reason publishers noticed it, says Philip Gwyn Jones of Picador, a British imprint, was that, under its influence, old titles were coming back into the bestseller charts.(BookTok正在复兴以往的存书列表。英国Picador出版社的菲利普格温琼斯说，出版商注意到这一点的一个原因是，在它的影响下，旧书重新爬回了畅销书排行榜)”可知，此处借用了罗马诗人霍拉斯的诗，隐喻Book Tok为存书列表创建了永久的“纪念碑”，BookTok反对出版"失忆症",即使多年以前的畅销书单也被列入，通过这种方式，Booktok正在复兴以往的存书列表。因此, Booktok复兴以往的存书列表的方法是C项"By building a lasting monument for them.(,为他们创建一座永久的纪念碑) ", 符合题意,故选C项。
36.答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第二段“This is Book Tok, as the literary wing of the app TikTok is known. (这是BookTok,应用程序TikTok的文学分支)"和根据第三段“Bloomsbury. a publishing house based in Britain, reently reported record sales and a 220% rise in profits, which Nigel Newton, its boss, put down partly to the "absolute phenomenon" of BookTok. (总部位于英国的布鲁姆斯伯里出版社最近公布了创纪录的销售额和220%的利润增长，其老板奈吉尔牛顿将其部分归因于BookTok的“十足出色”)”可知，本文阐述了TikTok下的子标签BookTok带动了图书销售，说明了社交媒体口碑对书籍销售的巨大力量。因此,以下适合文本标题的是A项“Books and social media—Word of mouth(书籍和社交媒体口碑)",符合题意，故选A项。
十、
37.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中The water there was "a dark-brown color," Potter recalled. His men pumped out 5 million cubic yards of the sand, added well water and cleaned the lake's bottom to turn it into a totally different one.(波特回忆说,那里的水是“深棕色的”。他的手下抽出500万立方码的沙子,加上井水,清理湖底,使之成为一个完全不同的湖泊。)可知,乔·波特为主题公园准备了湿地,故选择B项。
38.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中Potter also knew about battling mosquitoes. "One of the things that he learned from the Panama Canal, where people were dying of malaria(疟疾),was if you let water just sit there, you're going to have a problem," Lucas said.(波特也知道如何对付蚊子。“他从巴拿马运河学到的一件事是,那里的人们正死于疟疾,如果你让水停在那里,你就会有问题,”卢卡斯说)可知,波特能战胜蚊子的主要原因是他曾经负责巴拿马运河,故选择C项。
39.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“Potter made sure that water was always in motion and engineered the buildings' roofs so water never piled up. What seemed impossible, building a kingdom in the swamp, was becoming a reality.(波特确保水总是在流动,并设计了建筑物的屋顶,使水永远不会堆积起来。在沼泽中建立一个王国似乎是不可能的,正在成为现实。)”可知,波特解决蚊子的问题,是通过让水总是保持流动来解决的,故选择C项。
40.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中“What seemed impossible, building a kingdom in the swamp, was becoming a reality.(在沼泽中建立一个王国似乎是不可能的事情却正在成为现实。)”可知,波特是有能力的“capable”,以及最后一段中"Potter wasn't interested in taking any credit for what he did at Disney World.(波特对自己在迪斯尼世界所做的一切赞美都不感兴趣。)"可知,波特是谦虚的“modest”,故选择A项。
2
一、
The number of weather-related disasters has increased by five times over the past 50 years, the latest report by the World Meteorological (气象) Organization (WMO) said on September. However, thanks to improved early warning systems and disaster management, the number of death from these hazards (危险) has been almost three times less.
According to the WMO, from 1970 to 2019, weather, climate and water hazards accounted for 50 percent of all disasters. Among the top 10 hazards that led to the largest loss of human life during this period were droughts, storms, floods and extreme temperatures. However, deaths fell from over 50, 000 in the 1970s to less than 20, 000 in the 2010s.
“Weather, climate and water extremes are increasing and will become more frequent and severe in many parts of the world as a result of climate change,” says WMO Secretary-General Petteri Taalas.
“That means more heat waves, drought and forest fires such as those we have observed recently in Europe and North America. We have more water vapor in the atmosphere, which is worsening extreme rainfall and deadly flooding. The warming of the oceans has affected the frequency and area of existence of the most intense tropical storms.”
“Economic losses are increasing as exposure increases. But behind the statistics lies a message of hope. Improved multi-hazard early warning systems have led to a significant reduction in deaths. Quite simply, we are better than ever before at saving lives,” Taalas said.
1.What do we know from the first paragraph
A.Disasters connected with weather have gone up.
B.The number of weather-related disasters has decreased.
C.The number of deaths from hazards has been increasing.
D.Early warning systems have made disasters decline much.
2.What will happen according to Petteri Taalas
A.There will be more extreme weather.
B.Extreme rainfall will no longer exist.
C.Water vapor in the atmosphere will go down.
D.Humans will defeat extreme weather in the end.
3.What is hopeful behind the bad news
A.Improved warning systems will save economic losses.
B.Economic losses are going down as exposure increases.
C.More lives will be saved thanks to early warning systems.
D.Improved early warning systems will control extreme weather
4.Where may the text be taken from
A.A novel. B.A brochure. C.A magazine. D.A guideline.
二、
The life of a premature (早产的) baby born during the winter storm in Texas was saved thanks to a team of medical professionals, including a doctor and two nurses who traveled from east Austin to Marble Falls in an effort to save a newborn baby's life.
When Arias began experiencing pains, she and her parents headed to the closest hospital, Baylor Scott & White. Arias gave birth to her daughter, Zaylynn, who weighed just over one pound and was in need of advanced special care. However, the hospital does not offer the specialized care premature babies require.
"We had five or six people out at the nurses' station calling hospital networks all over the state of Texas," said Meredith Schubert, the labor and delivery nurse on duty when Arias arrived. "Nobody could answer our cry for help."
They finally reached Dr. John Loyd through a patient, division neonatologist chief at Dell Children's Medical Center in Austin, Texas. Around 5 p.m., after already having worked a full shift, Loyd packed his SUV with equipment and he and two NICU nurses set out for Marble Falls, about 55 miles away. The drive took Loyd and the nurses about two hours as they drove in the night through ice and snow.
After safely arriving at the Marble Falls medical center around 8 p.m., the Dell Children's crew set up a temporary newborn ICU. Together, the Dell Children's and Baylor Scott & White teams worked around the clock to care for the mother and daughter.
Once the weather cleared enough to allow for a helicopter to safely land, Zaylynn was transferred to Dell Children's, where there is a Level IV newborn intensive care unit.
"It was incredible when the helicopter lifted off. There were tears from all of us," said Schubert. "It was a huge relief and sense of accomplishment and joy that Zaylynn was doing so well and getting to the place that she needed to be."
Arias told KVUE that she was grateful to the doctors and nurses who worked together to save her daughter.
5.What did the newborn baby need badly
A.Professional surgery. B.Special intensive nursing.
C.Immediate transfer. D.Experienced doctors.
6.Which word best describes Schubert's cry for help before reaching Loyd
A.Timely. B.Hopeful. C.Desperate. D.Encouraging.
7.What was the most touching part about Loyd
A.He came with all the necessary equipment.
B.He tried his best to maintain his honor.
C.He had enough bravery to drive at night.
D.He drove to rescue at night in severe weather.
8.What made the doctors and nurses feel a sense of relief
A.The fine weather. B.The baby's improvement.
C.The takeoff of the helicopter. D.The baby's arrival at its destination.
三、
People in their sixties should go to university to retrain because they will be expected to work for longer before retirement, the government has suggested.
Older workers who take courses to keep their skills up to date will be more likely to keep their jobs, claims David Willetts, the higher education minister. Mr. Willetts said the age limit on student loans to cover tuition fees (学费） had been lifted, making a degree course “great value” for older people. This would help them cope with the pressure they would face to keep up to date as they worked well into their sixties, he suggested.
His comments followed a government report which found that the country's future economic success would depend on the skills and contributions of older workers.
Campaigners for the elderly voiced doubts that prospective pensioners would be willing to commit to challenging degree courses and increased levels of debt to continue working. One in four people will be older than 65 by 2033 and economists have warned that the ageing population will place an unsustainable (无法持续的）burden on taxpayers unless more people work for longer. The state pension age is to rise to 67 by 2028. Ministers have warned that they have no idea when younger workers in their thirties will be able to retire.
Mr. Willetts, urged workers older than 60 to give further education serious consideration. “There is certainly a pressure for continuing to get retrained and upskilled,” he said. “Higher education has an economic benefit in that if you stay up to date with knowledge and skills you are more employable. ” “Education is such a good thing it is not reserved for younger people,” he said.“There will be people of all ages who will want to study. There is great value in lifelong learning.”
Under previous rules, students in England were eligible(符合条件的）for a loan to cover tuition fees only if they were younger than 54. Latest figures showed that only 1,940 under-graduates starting courses last year were older than 60, out of a total of 552,240 students in Britain. Some 6,455 were aged between 50 and 60, according to the Higher Education Statistics Agency.
9.Why is it "great value" for older people to take a degree course
A.Because they can get training without paying student loans.
B.Because they can cover the college tuition fees by themselves.
C.Because they are allowed to apply for student loans.
D.Because they face the age limit when applying for the tuition fees.
10.Who will most probably refuse to continue to work through taking a degree course
A.Elderly workers. B.Prospective pensioners.
C.Mature taxpayers. D.Young students.
11.According to Mr. Willetts, what is the advantage of higher education
A.It allows people at various ages to get good education paying no tuition fees.
B.Younger people have more chances to achieve a higher degree than the old.
C.Older workers can take the opportunity to fulfill their dreams of learning.
D.Up-to-date knowledge and skills can increase people's probability of being hired.
12.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that_______.
A.People older than 54 now can't apply for student loans to cover their tuition fees
B.Older people who are willing to get retrained now are becoming fewer and fewer
C.The older people become, the fewer of them will receive higher education
D.Undergraduates older than 50 account for more than 7% of students in Britain
四、
Lily, 17 and Evie, 15, love cooking and regularly practice their skills. “Both of us obviously love cooking and are very passionate about the state of our city in which we want to make a change for the better,” Evie told Yahoo Life.
Though the teens are too young to become politicians, they often used their baking skills to help with campaigns that try to make their city better. In their spare time, they baked cupcakes and then sold them to raise money. According to Yahoo life, they raised a total of 30 ,000 dollars (about 191,000 yuan) in their first fundraiser.
“Once you get a taste for making a difference in the world, you can’t stop,” Lily added.
After this success, the sisters continued helping others. New American Pathways is an Atlanta-based nonprofit organization that helps refugees (难民). Though the organization has tried its best to support newly arrived refugees, it’s unable to do everything for them. Many young Afghan refuges don’t have backpacks and other school supplies.
As teen students, the sisters understood how important school supplies are. So they decided to give a hand to these young refugees. At the suggestion of the organization, they started a bake sale to raise funds. Whenever they had the time, they would bake desserts by themselves or called for families and neighbors to join in with them.
With their great work, they ended up getting 240 filled backpacks.
“Knowing that each backpack would be held by a kid that might not have had a backpack at all felt really good, and I was excited to know that we could fuel their love of learning.” Evie told the website Inspiration Post.
They also hope to inspire others to make a difference no matter how small it is.“No matter how small you might feel your voice is,” Lily told Daily Viral News, “just know that you can make a difference in your community. You just have to go for it.”
13.How did Lily and Evie make their city better
A.They used their hobby to make a difference.
B.They tried to become politicians.
C.They called for the public to raise money.
D.They launched an environmental campaign.
14.What did Lily and Evie do for young Afghan refugees
A.Baking desserts for free.
B.Persuading passers-by to start a sale.
C.Promoting 240 filled backpacks.
D.Earning money for school supplies by baking.
15.What can be inferred about the kids from paragraph 7
A.They wouldn’t suffer hunger.
B.Their passion for learning would be greater.
C.They would love their school.
D.Their love for cooking would be inspired.
16.What can we learn from Lily and Evie’s story .
A.Skill comes with practice.
B.Success results from helping others.
C.A small act of kindness matters.
D.Voluntary work needs more money.
五、
Liu Yexi has taken Douyin by storm. As of Nov. 17, the virtual idol, who appeared on the social media platform on Oct. 31, had only released two short videos but attracted over 5 million followers. Different from other virtual idols, Liu is defined as a “virtual beauty vlogger”. In her first video, Liu is doing makeup with an eye brush while dressed in a traditional Chinese costume. When she turns around, the onlookers are terrified, except one boy. Then Liu slightly brushes the boys eyes, allowing him to see the fantasy world in her own eyes.
The internet users were impressed by its storyline, science-fiction elements and special visual effects with cyberpunk style. Liang Zikang, the CEO of the production team, told China Newsweek that the team spent two months making the video.
Lius instant popularity online further reflects that the virtual idol industry in China has been booming. There are over 32,400 virtual idols that have opened accounts on video-sharing platform Bilibili in the past year, seeing a year-on-year rise of 40 percent, Chen Rui, the CEO of Bilibili, said in a speech.
“Compared with real idols and stars, the virtual ones seem to be more approachable for fans,” Shine News noted. Additionally, these virtual web celebrities won't have scandals.
As more young people are fascinated by these virtual figures, their commercial value has been on the rise. Generally, they earn money by endorsements(代言), online concerts, livestreaming and related products. For example, Luo Tianyi, a well-known virtual singer, cooperated with livestreamer Li Jiaqi to promote goods in 2020.
Therefore, some people are wondering whether they will replace real humans. “These so-called virtual idols have real human teams to back them up and control them. They are not really virtual,” Ding Daoshi, an independent analyst in the internet sector, told the Global Times. The real virtual idol will come when artificial intelligence achieves a new level of self-learning and self-training and then interacts with others, he added.
17.Which of the following contributes to the popularity of Liu Yexis video
A.The video involves sci-fi elements.
B.The video features funny visual effects.
C.The video teaches useful makeup skills.
D.The video tells a traditional Chinese story.
18.Which is an advantage virtual idols have over real idols
A.They can attract more followers.
B.They have higher commercial value.
C.They can be approached more easily.
D.They are equipped with better talents.
19.What do we know about the current virtual idols according to Ding
A.They can interact with each other.
B.They will replace human idols soon.
C.They are dependent on human teams.
D.They can learn and train by themselves.
20.Which is the best title for the text
A.Virtual idols are sweeping the Internet.
B.People raise concern about virtual idols.
C.AI technology has made a new breakthrough.
D.Social media platforms are gaining popularity.
六、
The human criterion for perfect vision is 20/20 for reading the standard lines on a Snellen eye chart without any problem. The score is determined by how well you read lines of letters of different sizes from 20 feet away. But being able to read the bottom line on the eye chart does not approximate perfection as far as other species are concerned.
Most birds would consider us very visually handicapped (缺陷). The hawk, for instance, has such sharp eyes that it can spot a dime on the sidewalk while perched on top of the Empire State Building. It can make fine visual distinctions because it is blessed with one million cones per square millimeter in its retina (视网膜). And in water, humans are farsighted, while the kingfisher, swooping down to spear fish, can see well in both the air and water because it is endowed with two foveae (凹窝)－areas of the eye, consisting mostly of cones, that provide visual distinctions. One fovea permits the bird, while in the air, to scan the water below with one eye at a time. This is called monocular vision. Once it hits the water, the other fovea joins in, allowing the kingfisher to focus both eyes, like binoculars, on its prey at the same time. A frog's vision is distinguished by its ability to perceive things as a constant motion picture. Known as “bug detectors”， a highly developed set of cells in a frog's eyes responds mainly to moving objects. So, it is said that a frog sitting in a field of dead bugs wouldn't see them as food and would starve.
The bee has a “compound” eye, which is used for navigation. It has 15,000 facets that divide what it sees into a pattern of dots, or mosaic. With this kind of vision, the bee sees the sun only as a single dot, a constant point of reference. Thus, the eye is a superb navigational instrument that constantly measures the angle of its line of flight in relation to the sun. A bee's eye also gauges (测量) flight speed. And if that is not enough to leave our 20/20 “perfect vision” paling into insignificance, the bee is capable of seeing something we can't-ultraviolet light. Thus, what humans consider to be “perfect vision” is in fact rather limited when we look at other species.
However, there is still much to be said for the human eye. Of all the mammals, only humans and some primates can enjoy the pleasures of color vision.
21.How is hawk's eyesight better than ours
A.It can identify small items more quickly than we do.
B.It can see at a longer distance than we do.
C.It has more cones in the retina than any other species.
D.It has bigger eyes than we do.
22.Monocular vision enables the kingfisher to _____.
A.avoid farsightedness B.be able to see underwater
C.move one eye at a time D.focus its eyes on the prey
23.A bee finds its direction by _____.
A.dividing what it sees into thousands of dots
B.constantly gauging its flying speed
C.using the sun as a constant point of reference
D.measuring the angle of the sun
24.What is the main idea of the passage
A.The differences between human eyes and other species' eyes.
B.The advantages of other species' eyes in comparison with human eyes.
C.The factors that make other species' eyes better than human eyes.
D.The standard that determines the "perfect vision" of human eyes.
七、
For generations, the standard way to learn how to ride a bicycle was with training wheels. But in recent years, many parents prefer to train their kids with balance bikes, two-wheelers that enable children to develop the competence needed for bicycling.
Given the benefits of balance bikes, why did it take so long for them to replace training wheels There are plenty of other examples in which ignored solutions that involve subtraction(减法) turn out to be better alternatives. In some European cities, for example, urban planners have gotten rid of traffic lights and road signs to make streets safer.
Leidy Klotz, an engineer at the University of Virginia, noticed that reformative designs, in which elements are removed from an existing model, were uncommon. So he reached out to Adams, a social psychologist, to try to figure out why this was the case. The two researchers hypothesized(假设) that there might be an explanation: when faced with a problem, people tend to select solutions that involve adding new elements rather than taking existing components away.
Adams, Klotz and their colleagues set out to test if their hypothesis was correct. The researchers first carried out a set of studies. In one, they asked 91 participants to make a pattern symmetrical(对称的) by either adding or removing colored boxes. Only 18 people used subtraction. In another, the team scanned through ideas for improvement submitted to an incoming university president and found that only 11 percent of 651 project plans involved getting rid of an existing regulation, practice or program.
These findings suggest that “additive solutions have sort of a priority”, says Benjamin Converse, a co-author of the study. “Subtractive solutions are not necessarily harder to consider, but they take more effort to find.”
For now the team hopes that these findings will encourage people across various fields to think about subtractive options that might be typically ignored. “The hope is that, just by getting people to think about this more, maybe it will help inspire some other ignored subtractions,” Converse says.
25.What is the purpose of paragraph 1
A.To present a problem. B.To introduce the topic.
C.To give some examples. D.To put forward a concept.
26.What can we learn from the first two paragraphs
A.Balance bikes are not good for training kids.
B.People used to learn riding bikes effortlessly.
C.Parents now train kids to ride bikes pointedly.
D.Some European cities ignore their governance.
27.What does Converse say about subtractive solutions
A.They are superior to additive solutions.
B.They are often harmful for creativity.
C.They are always overlooked by our brain.
D.They are often preferred by conservatives.
28.Which of the following could be the best title for the text
A.A New Way of Management
B.A Trend of Avoiding Regulations
C.A New Concept of Problem-solving
D.A Study on Problem–solving Methods
八、
New research suggests that a gene that governs the body's biological (circadian) clock acts differently in males versus females and may protect females from heart disease. The study is the first to analyze circadian blood pressure rhythms (节奏) in female mice.
The body's circadian clock-the biological clock that organizes bodily activities over a 24-hour period-contributes to normal variations in blood pressure and heart function over the course of the day. In most healthy humans, blood pressure dips (下降) at night. People who do not experience this temporary drop, called “non-dippers”, are more likely to develop heart disease. The circadian clock is made up of four main proteins (encoded by “clock genes”) that regulate close to half of all genes in the body, including those important for blood pressure regulation.
Previous research has shown that male mice that are missing one of the four clock genes (PER1) become non-dippers and have a higher risk for heart and kidney disease. A research team studied the circadian response and blood pressure of female mice that lack PER1 and compared them with a healthy female control group. On both low-and high-salt diets, both groups “retained an apparent circadian rhythm” of blood pressure, the researchers explained. Unlike the male mice in previous research, the females without PER1 showed normal dips in blood pressure overnight.
These results suggest that the lack of PER1 acts differently in males and females. The findings are consistent with research showing that women are less likely to be non-dippers than men of the same age. "This study represents an important step in understanding sex differences in the regulation of cardiovascular (心血管) function by the circadian clock," the researchers wrote.
29.What does the new research find
A.Biological clock may protect males from heart disease.
B.Biological blood pressure rhythms in female mice acts normally.
C.Biological clock organizes bodily activities over a 24-hour period.
D.A gene controlling biological clock works differently between sexes.
30.What role can circadian clock play according to the text
A.Helping males cure heart disease.
B.Helping blood pressure vary normally.
C.Contributing to abnormal variations in blood pressure.
D.Making up four main proteins regulating almost half of all genes.
31.Which word can best replace the underlined word “retained” in paragraph 3
A.treated. B.warned. C.kept. D.watched.
32.What would be a suitable title for the text
A.One clock gene is important
B.Women may benefit from body clock
C.New study analyzes blood pressure rhythms
D.Blood pressure of healthy humans dips at night
九、
A young woman holds up a book and smiles, saying, “This is day one of me reading ‘The Song of Achilles’.” The video jumps forward. “And this”, she sobs, with tears on her face. “is me finishing it.” Another video, entitled “Books that will make you SOB”, offers written notes on how various stories got readers to cry, such as “I can’t think about it without bawling (痛哭)” and “ended up crying so much I had to change my shirt.”
This is BookTok, as the literary wing of the app TikTok is known. Imagine the emotional changes of a Victorian drama, add music, and you have the general idea.
BookTok is passionate. It is also profitable—at least for publishers. Bloomsbury, a publishing house based in Britain, recently reported record sales and a 220% rise in profits, which Nigel Newton, its boss, put down partly to the “absolute phenomenon” of BookTok.
On Amazon, BookTok is so influential that it has leapt into the titles of books themselves. The novel “It Ends With Us”, for instance, is now listed as “It Ends With Us: TikTok made me buy it!” Evidently TikTok did a good job: the romantic novel is riding high in the top 100 in both Britain and America.
At the same time, BookTok pushes back against publishing amnesia (失忆症). Books areimagined to offer immortality (不朽) to authors—to be a “monument more lasting than bronze”, as the Roman poet Horace wrote- but the lifespan of most books is amazingly short. Dig out a list of bestsellers from 20 years ago: not only are today's readers unlikely to buy them, most won't have heard of them. Many of the books will have joined the lists of what W.H. Auden called the “undeservedly forgotten”.
BookTok is reviving backlists. One reason publishers noticed it, says Philip Gwyn Jones of Picador, a British imprint, was that, under its influence, old titles were coming back into the bestseller charts. It offers such books “a second life”, and he applauds it. Start trending on BookTok, and eventually, a great book finds its readers.
33.What does the woman probably mean by saying “And this is me finishing it” in the first paragraph
A.She will bring an end to the book.
B.She will share her reading experience.
C.She goes through a reading nightmare.
D.She feels regretful of reading the book.
34.Why is BookTok added to the titles of books
A.To boost the sale of books. B.To raise the profit of books.
C.To introduce the use of BookTok. D.To stress the influence of BookTok.
35.How does Booktok revive backlists
A.By curing publishers of their amnesia.
B.By connecting them with the publishers.
C.By building a lasting monument for them.
D.By commenting them emotionally on the videos.
36.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A.Books and social media—Word of mouth
B.Books and social media—Friend or enemy
C.From Books to BookTok—An unstoppable trend
D.From Books to BookTok—Exploring everlasting values
十、
“If you ask anybody who goes to Walt Disney World, ‘Who is Joe Potter ’... They won't know much about him,” said Disney author and historian Christopher Lucas. “Without him, there’d be no Disney World.”
General William Joe Potter was the force that turned a swampy (沼泽的) Florida wetland into the Magic Kingdom. Potter was the architect of Disney World’s government, the mastermind behind the hidden tunnel system at the park and the reason why Disney has no mosquito problem today, Lucas said.
In his early 60s, the graying retired U.S. Army general led the massive construction project to get Disney's land ready to build a theme park. The water there was “a dark-brown color,” Potter recalled. His men pumped out 5 million cubic yards of the sand, added well water and cleaned the lake's bottom to turn it into a totally different one.
The general had been responsible for high-risk projects throughout his entire career before Disney World. At the Panama Canal, he served as governor in charge of business operations and the 40,000 people who lived there from 1956 to 1960. Potter’s inspiration for building the Magic Kingdom's underground tunnels came from the locks and dams(水坝)in the Panama Canal. Potter also knew about battling mosquitoes. “One of the things that he learned from the Panama canal, where people were dying of malaria(疟疾), was if you let water just sit there, you're going to have a problem, ”Lucas said. Potter made sure that water was always in motion and engineered the buildings' roofs so water never piled up. What seemed impossible, building a kingdom in the swamp, was becoming a reality.
Potter wasn’t interested in taking any credit for what he did at Disney World. “He clearly could have been a guy who was all about himself, but he was the exact opposite,” his grandson said.
37.What did Joe Potter do for Disney World
A.He designed the Disney World castles.
B.He prepared the wetland for a theme park.
C.He promoted the business of the Kingdom.
D.He constructed the park's locks and dams.
38.What enabled Joe to battle the mosquito problem
A.His sense of responsibility. B.His great determination.
C.His working experience. D.His architect knowledge.
39.How did Joe successfully tackle the mosquito problem
A.By hiding the tunnel system. B.By pumping out the sand in the lake.
C.By keeping the water running. D.By repairing the buildings’ roofs.
40.Which of the following best describes Joe Potter
A.Capable and modest. B.Demanding and critical.
C.Tough and stubborn D.Disciplined and strict.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段The number of weather-related disasters has increased by five times over the past 50 years, the latest report by the World Meteorological(气象) Organization (WMO) said on September 1.世界气象组织(WMO)9月1日发布的最新报告称,过去50年来,与天气有关的灾害数量增加了五倍。可知,与气候相关的灾难增多了,故选A。
2.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段Weather, climate and water extremes are increasing and will become more frequent and severe in many parts of the world as a result of climate change.由于气候变化,天气、气候和水的极端事件正在增加,并将在世界许多地区变得更加频繁和严重。可知,Petteri Taalas认为极端天气会增多,故选A。
3.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段But behind the statistics lies a message of hope. Improved multi-hazard early warning systems have led to a significant reduction in deaths.但在统计数据背后隐藏着希望的信息。改进的多灾种早期预警系统使得死亡人数显著减少。可知,预警系统会拯救更多生命,故选C。
4.答案：C
解析：文章出处题。根据第三段says WMO Secretary-General Petteri Taalas. WMO 秘书长Petteri Taalas说;第五段结尾Taalas said. Taalas说。可知,文章引用了世界气象组织官员的话,所以最可能出自电视或广播的专题节目,magazine有"(电视、广播)专题节目"的意思。A.A novel一本小说;B.A brochure小册子;C.A magazine一本杂志;D.A guideline一本指导书。故选C。
二、
5.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句"Arias gave birth to her daughter, Zaylynn, who weighed just over one pound and was in need of advanced special care.(Arias生下了她的女儿Zaylynn,她体重刚刚超过一磅,需要高级特殊护理。)"可知,这个新生儿需要特殊的护理。故选B。
6.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。A.Timely及时的;B.Hopeful有希望的;C.Desperate不顾一切的,拼命的;D.Encouraging令人鼓舞的,振奋人心的。根据第三段Schubert说的话"We had five or six people out at the nurses' station calling hospital networks all over the state of Texas(我们有五六个人在护士站给德克萨斯州的所有医院打电话)"可知,当时他们急切的寻求外界的帮助。故选C。
7.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句"The drive took Loyd and the nurses about two hours as they drove in the night through ice and snow.(Loyd和护士们在冰雪夜驱车行进了两个小时)"可知,在恶劣天气下,Loyd夜间开车去营救,这种行为很让人感动。故选D。
8.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句"It was a huge relief and sense of accomplishment and joy that Zaylynn was doing so well and getting to the place that she needed to be.(Zaylynn表现得如此出色,去到了她需要去的地方,这让大家感到巨大的成就感和喜悦,如释重负)"可知,Zaylynn被转移到了目的地,这让大家松了一口气。故选D。
三、
9.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的"Mr. Willetts said the age limit on student loans to cover tuition fees (学费) had been lifted,making a degree course "great value" for older people.(威莱茨说,学生贷款支付学费的年龄限制已经取消,这使得学位课程对老年人来说"很有价值"。)",可知,用于支付学费的助学贷款的申请年龄上限已经取消,老年人学习学位课程"超值",因为老年人也可以申请学生助学贷款,故选C。
10.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的"Campaigners for the elderly voiced doubts that prospective pensioners would be willing to commit to challenging degree courses and increased levels of debt to continue working.(为老年人权益奔走呐喊的活动家怀疑那些有可能成为养老金领取者的人是否愿意为了继续工作而学习学位课程,并承担更多的负债。)"可知,有可能成为养老金领取者的人很可能会拒绝继续攻读学位课程。故选B。
11.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段的"There is certainly a pressure for continuing to get retrained and upskilled," he said. "Higher education has an economic benefit in that if you stay up to date with knowledge and skills you are more employable. " "Education is such a good thing it is not reserved for younger people," he said."There will be people of all ages who will want to study.There is great value in lifelong learning."("再次接受培训、提高工作技能自然存在压力,"他说。"接受高等教育会产生一定的经济效益,因为如果你不断更新知识与技能,你就更能胜任工作。" 他说,"教育诚可贵,并非只为年轻人提供。任何人不论年龄多大,只要想学都可以。要知道,终生学习受益匪浅。")可知,Willetts先生希望60岁以上的工作者接受继续教育,虽然继续接受培训和提高职业技能有些压力,但是如果工作者能够在知识和技能方面与时俱进,就会受益匪浅,因此推断也会更可能被雇佣。故选D。
12.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"Latest figures showed that only 1,940 under-graduates starting courses last year were older than 60,out of a total of 552,240 students in Britain.Some 6,455 were aged between 50 and 60,according to the Higher Education Statistics Agency(最新数据显示,在英国总共552,240名学生中去年开课的大学本科生中只有1940人年龄超过60岁。根据高等教育统计署的统计,有约6455人年龄介于50到60岁之间。)"可知,本段阐明60岁以上的大学生有1940人,50岁到60岁之间的大学生有6455人,通过计算可知,两者占学生总数不到2%,由于50岁到60岁之间的大学生有6455人,而60岁以上的大学生只有1940人,由此可以判断,老年人年龄越大,他们之中越少的人会接受高等教育,故选C。
四、
13.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的Lily,l7 and Evie,l5,love cooking and regularly practice their skills.(I7岁的莉莉和15岁的伊芙喜欢烹饪,经常练习厨艺)'和第二段的Though the teens are too young to become politicians,。they often used their baking skills to help with campaigns that try to make their city better.(虽然这些十几岁的孩子还太小,不能成为政治家,但他们经常用自己的烘焙技能来帮助那些试图让他们的城市变得更好的活动)可知,莉莉和伊芙用自己的爱好来发挥作用使城市变得更好,故选A。
14.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的Many young Afghan refuges don't have backpacks and other school supplies.(许多年轻的阿富汗难民没有背包和其他学习用品)和第五段的“At the suggestion of the organization,they started a bake sale to raise funds.(在该组织的建议下,她们开始了一场糕饼义卖来筹集资金)'和第六段的With their great work,they ended up getting 240 filled backpacks.(由于她们的出色工作,她们最终获得了240个装满的背包)可知,Liy和Evi为年轻的阿富汗难民通过烘焙来赚钱买学习用品。故选D。
15.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第七段的Knowing that each backpack would be held by a kid that might not have had a backpack at all felt really good,and I was excited to know that we could fuel their love of learning.(知道每个背包都由一个根本设有背包的孩子抱着,感觉真的很好,我很兴奋,知道我们可以激发他们对学习的热爱)可知,从第七段我们可以推断出孩子们的学习热情会更强。故选B。
16.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的They also hope to inspire others to make a difference no matter how small it is.No matter how small you might feel your voice is,"Lily told Daily Viral News,"just know that you can make a difference in your community.You just have to go for it.”(她们也希望激励其他人做出改变,无论这是多么小的事情。“不管你觉得自己的声音有多小,莉莉告诉Daily Viral News,“只要知道你可以在你的社区做出改变。你只要去争取就行了。")可知,我们能从Lily和Eve的故事中学到一个小小的善举很重要,即A small act of kindness matters,故选C。
五、
17.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。由本文第二段中的The internet users were impressed by its storyline, science-fiction elements and special visual effects with cyberpunk style.(网友们对其故事情节、科幻元素和赛博朋克风格的特殊视觉效果印象深刻。)以及第三段中的Lius instant popularity online further reflects that the virtual idol industry in China has been booming.(柳在网上的迅速走红进一步反映了中国虚拟偶像行业的蓬勃发展。)可知虚拟偶像柳夜熙的视频中的科幻元素,有助于视频的流行。故选A。
18.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。由本文第四段Compared with real idols and stars, the virtual ones seem to be more approachable for fans,(与真实的偶像和明星相比,虚拟的偶像和明星对粉丝来说似乎更平易近人,)可知虚拟偶像比真实的偶像更容易接近。故选C。
19.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。由本文最后一段"These so-called virtual idols have real human teams to back them up and control them. They are not really virtual," Ding Daoshi, an independent analyst in the internet sector, told the Global Times. The real virtual idol will come when artificial intelligence achieves a new level of self-learning and self-training and then interacts with others, he added.("这些所谓的虚拟偶像有真实的人类团队来支持和控制他们。它们并不是真正的虚拟,"互联网领域的独立分析师丁道石在接受《环球时报》采访时表示。他补充说,当人工智能达到自我学习和自我训练的新水平,然后与他人互动时,真正的虚拟偶像就会到来。)可知根据丁道石的话,可以推断出目前的虚拟偶像其背后有真实的人类团体支持,因此他们的存在依赖于人类团体。故选C。
20.答案：A
解析：标题判断题。通读全文,文章以柳夜熙为例,他凭借其视频的故事情节、科幻元素和赛博朋克风格的特殊视觉效果而在网上的迅速走红,反映了中国虚拟偶像行业的蓬勃发展,文章同时剖析了其中的原因,效应以及未来的发展趋势。所以以A. Virtual idols are sweeping the Internet.(虚拟偶像正在席卷互联网。)作为题目最合适。故选A。
六、
21.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。由题干中的"hawk"定位到第二段第二句话The hawk, for instance, has such sharp eyes that it can spot a dime on the sidewalk while perched on top of the Empire State Building. 例如,这只鹰有一双锐利的眼睛,它栖息在帝国大厦顶上时可以看到人行道上的一角硬币。由此句可知,鹰从帝国大厦顶部可以看到人行道上的一个硬币,强调远距离,故选B项。
22.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。由题干中的"monocular vision"定位到第二段第五句和第六句"One fovea permits the bird, while in the air, to scan the water below with one eye at a time. This is called monocular vision. "一个中央凹允许鸟在空中时用一只眼睛一次扫描下面的水。这被称为单眼视觉。所以单眼视觉能够让中央凹一次移动一只眼睛,故选C项。
23.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。由题干中的"bee"定位到第三段第三、四句"With this kind of vision, the bee sees the sun only as a single dot, a constant point of reference. Thus, the eye is a superb navigational instrument that constantly measures the angle of its line off light in relation to the sun. "在这种视野下,蜜蜂只把太阳看作一个单一的点, 一个恒定的参照物。因此,眼睛是一种极好的导航仪器,它不断地测量自己的飞行线与太阳的角度。可知,蜜蜂通过把太阳看成是一个永恒的参照点来找寻方向,故选C项。
24.答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。由首段最后一句" But being able to read the bottom line on the eye chart does not approximate perfection as far as other species are concerned."但就其他物种而言,能够阅读视力表上的底线并不是近乎完美的。可知,人类视力不如其他物种第二、三段通过hawk、kingfisher. frog. bee 四个例子来证明以上观点,最后一段"Of all the mammals, only humans and some primates can enjoy the pleasures of color vision."在所有的哺乳动物中,只有人类和一些灵长类动物能够享受色觉的乐趣。指出人类视力也有优于其他物种的地方。所以本篇文章主要在讲人类和其他物种在视力.上的不同。故选A项。
七、
25.答案：B
解析：写作目的题。由文章第一段" But in recent years , many parents prefer to train their kids with balance bikes , two-wheelers that enable children to develop the competence needed for bicycling. (但近年来,许多家长更喜欢用平衡自行车来训练孩子。平衡自行车是两轮车,能让孩子发展骑车所需的能力。) "可知,作者主要在第一段说明一种现象来引出后文讨论的话题。故选B项。
26.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。 根据第一段第二句"But in recent years , many parents prefer to train their kids with balance bikes, two-wheelers that enable children to develop the competence needed for bicycling. (但近年来,许多父母更喜欢用平衡自行车来训练孩子,这是一种两轮自行车,可以让孩子培养骑自行车所需的能力。) "可知,父母现在有针对性的训练孩子们怎么骑车。故选C项。
27.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。 根据第五段内容"These findings suggest that "additive solutions have sort of a priority" , says Benjamin Converse, a co-author of the study. " Subtractive solutions are not necessarily harder to consider，but they take more effort to find." (该研究的合著者本杰明 康弗斯( Benjamin Converse )说,这些发现表明"附加解决方案具有某种优先级"。"减法解决方案不一定更难考虑,但需要付出更多努力才能找到。" ) "可知, Converse觉得做减法的方法并不一定很难想到,但是要付出更多的努力去寻找它们,可推知, Converse觉得做减法的方法总是被我们的大脑忽略。故选C项。
28.答案：D
解析：标题概括题。通读全文可知, 文章介绍了研究人员对于人们在解决问题时倾向于做加法的现象展开了研究。D项是本文的最佳标题。故选D。
八、
29.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段New research suggests that a gene that governs the body's biological (circadian) clock acts differently in males versus females and may protect females from heart disease.新的研究表明,控制人体生物钟(昼夜节律)的基因在男性和女性中的作用不同,可能保护女性免受心脏病的侵害。可知,新的研究发现,控制生物钟的基因对于男性和女性的作用是不同的,故选D。
30.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段The body's circadian clock-the biological clock that organizes bodily activities over a 24-hour period-contributes to normal variations in blood pressure and heart function over the course of the day.人体昼夜节律的在24小时内组织身体活动的生物钟有助于一天中血压和心脏功能的正常变化。可知,生物钟有助于血压和心脏功能正常变化,故选B。
31.答案：C
解析：词句猜测题。根据第三段Unlike the male mice in previous research, the females without PER1 showed normal dips in blood pressure overnight.与先前研究中的雄性小鼠不同,没有PER1的雌性小鼠在一夜之间血压正常下降。可知,此句研究结果与前句表示对比,前句表示在低盐和高盐的饮食中,两组小鼠的血压保持明显的昼夜节律,推测划线单词表示"保持",与kept同义。A.treated对待;B.warned警告;C.kept保持;D.watched观察。故选C。
32.答案：B
解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段New research suggests that a gene that governs the body's biological (circadian) clock acts differently in males versus females and may protect females from heart disease.新的研究表明,控制人体生物钟(昼夜节律)的基因在男性和女性中的作用不同,可能保护女性免受心脏病的侵害。可知,生物钟可能保护女性免受心脏病的侵害,以及最后一段The findings are consistent with research showing that women are less likely to be non-dippers than men of the same age.研究表明,女性比同龄男性更不可能成为非杓型。可知,女性受到生物钟的影响,心脏和肾脏疾病风险可能更低,所以B.Women may benefit from body clock"女性可能受益于生物钟"可以作为文章标题,故选B。
九、
33.答案：B
解析：词句猜测题。通读第一段,尤其是根据第一段"The video jumps forward. "And this", she moans, her face stained with tears.. (视频快进，画面一转。“而这，”她哽咽着,泪流满...可知，这名年轻女子读了《阿喀琉斯之歌》之后，深受触动，并且将阅读这本书的感受和经验拍成视频作品，分享到了TikTok上,第一段中"And this is me finishing it"可能是指的作品中的她正在分享阅读这本书的经验。因此,推知女人在第一段中说And this is me finishing it的意思是B项"She will share her reading experience.(她将分享她的阅读经验) ",符合题意,故选B项。
34.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段"Bloomsbury, a publishing house based in Britain, recently reported record sales and a 220% rise in profits, which Nigel Newton, its boss, put down partly to the "absolute phenomenon" of BookTok. (总部位于英国的布鲁姆斯伯里出版社最近公布了创纪录的销售额和220%的利润增长，其老板奈吉尔牛顿将其部分归因于BookTok的“十足出色”以及第四段"On Amazon, BookTok is so influential that it has leapt into the tiles of books themselves.(在亚马逊上，BookTok的影响力如此之大，以至于它已被加入了书籍的标题之中)"可知，Tik Tok中的Book Tok标签推动了书籍的关注,使销售增长,以至于书名中增加Book Tok标签,推知书名中增加了BookTok标签的目的是促进书籍的销售。因此，书名中增加了Book Tok的原因是A项"To boost the sale of books.(以促进书籍的销售)",符合题意,故选A项。
35.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段“At the same time, BookTok pushes back against publishing amnesia. Books are imagined to offer immortality to author...(与比同时, Book Tok反对出版“失忆症”。正如罗马诗人霍拉斯所写,书籍被认为是一座“比青 铜更持久的纪念碑”)”以及第六段“BookTok is reviving backlists. One reason publishers noticed it, says Philip Gwyn Jones of Picador, a British imprint, was that, under its influence, old titles were coming back into the bestseller charts.(BookTok正在复兴以往的存书列表。英国Picador出版社的菲利普格温琼斯说，出版商注意到这一点的一个原因是，在它的影响下，旧书重新爬回了畅销书排行榜)”可知，此处借用了罗马诗人霍拉斯的诗，隐喻Book Tok为存书列表创建了永久的“纪念碑”，BookTok反对出版"失忆症",即使多年以前的畅销书单也被列入，通过这种方式，Booktok正在复兴以往的存书列表。因此, Booktok复兴以往的存书列表的方法是C项"By building a lasting monument for them.(,为他们创建一座永久的纪念碑) ", 符合题意,故选C项。
36.答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第二段“This is Book Tok, as the literary wing of the app TikTok is known. (这是BookTok,应用程序TikTok的文学分支)"和根据第三段“Bloomsbury. a publishing house based in Britain, reently reported record sales and a 220% rise in profits, which Nigel Newton, its boss, put down partly to the "absolute phenomenon" of BookTok. (总部位于英国的布鲁姆斯伯里出版社最近公布了创纪录的销售额和220%的利润增长，其老板奈吉尔牛顿将其部分归因于BookTok的“十足出色”)”可知，本文阐述了TikTok下的子标签BookTok带动了图书销售，说明了社交媒体口碑对书籍销售的巨大力量。因此,以下适合文本标题的是A项“Books and social media—Word of mouth(书籍和社交媒体口碑)",符合题意，故选A项。
十、
37.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中The water there was "a dark-brown color," Potter recalled. His men pumped out 5 million cubic yards of the sand, added well water and cleaned the lake's bottom to turn it into a totally different one.(波特回忆说,那里的水是“深棕色的”。他的手下抽出500万立方码的沙子,加上井水,清理湖底,使之成为一个完全不同的湖泊。)可知,乔·波特为主题公园准备了湿地,故选择B项。
38.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中Potter also knew about battling mosquitoes. "One of the things that he learned from the Panama Canal, where people were dying of malaria(疟疾),was if you let water just sit there, you're going to have a problem," Lucas said.(波特也知道如何对付蚊子。“他从巴拿马运河学到的一件事是,那里的人们正死于疟疾,如果你让水停在那里,你就会有问题,”卢卡斯说)可知,波特能战胜蚊子的主要原因是他曾经负责巴拿马运河,故选择C项。
39.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“Potter made sure that water was always in motion and engineered the buildings' roofs so water never piled up. What seemed impossible, building a kingdom in the swamp, was becoming a reality.(波特确保水总是在流动,并设计了建筑物的屋顶,使水永远不会堆积起来。在沼泽中建立一个王国似乎是不可能的,正在成为现实。)”可知,波特解决蚊子的问题,是通过让水总是保持流动来解决的,故选择C项。
40.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中“What seemed impossible, building a kingdom in the swamp, was becoming a reality.(在沼泽中建立一个王国似乎是不可能的事情却正在成为现实。)”可知,波特是有能力的“capable”,以及最后一段中"Potter wasn't interested in taking any credit for what he did at Disney World.(波特对自己在迪斯尼世界所做的一切赞美都不感兴趣。)"可知,波特是谦虚的“modest”,故选择A项。
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