2022-2023学年高三英语二轮复习专题练习（新高考）专题十 名词性从句（含解析）

专题十 名词性从句
一、填空题
1._______ he won first prize in the English contest surprised all of us.
2.She asked me ______ I had returned the books to the library，and I admitted that I hadn’t.
3.The most pleasant thing in the rainy season is _____ one can be entirely free from dust.
4.People who haven't been to Africa have no idea _________ most Africans are going through.
5.And so the audience left the theater not sure exactly________ they had just seen. 二、单选题
6.From the bottom of my heart ______ I want to say to you is “Thank you!”.
A. which B. that C. what D. why
7.Didn’t it ever strike you ________ the English novel was about Understanding its theme is the most important thing.
A. that B. when C. how D. what
8.It was not until dark ___ he was aware of ___ he thought was the correct way to solve the problem.
A.when; what B.that; that C.that; what D.when; that
9.The only problem was ______ we kept getting lost! But people in Tianjin are very friendly and helpful.
A. why B. whether C. that D. how
10.Taking online reading into consideration, we can challenge the assumption _________reading for pleasure continues to decrease.
A. whether B. that C. where D. when
三、语法填空
This summer, Chongqing, a city in Southwest China, faced a severe test, with a heat wave and drought ①__________ (cause) a series of wildfires since Aug 17.
Thanks to the joint efforts of rescue workers, as well as volunteers and residents, more than 10 forest fires in the city were ②__________ (complete) put out in less than 10 days, with no ③__________ (injure) or deaths reported. The world witnessed ④__________ was highly praised as “Chongqing speed” in people’s united action.
A spectacular aerial video circulating on social media captured the heart of netizens: a stream of headlights ⑤__________ (wear) by rescue teams lit up the dark mountain paths, being a comparison with the red flames swallowing the mountain, which was described by netizens ⑥__________ a “Great Human Wall”. Zeng, 20, a college student, was one of the bricks of the “Great Human Wall” helping transport supplies to the fire scene. “‘Too busy ⑦__________ (feel) tired; I have to be faster’ was the only sound ⑧__________ was echoing in my mind,” he recalled.
The video ⑨__________ (receive) more than 100, 000 likes and shares on the platform WeChat in the past few months. The photographer said, “It’s really ⑩__________ hard-won success! What I want to show through the video is the ‘red rock soul’ of Chongqing people, and how China’s young people are shaping the country’s future.”
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：That
解析：他在英语比赛中获得了一等奖这件事惊讶了我们所有人。surprise意为使……惊讶,是动词,前面部分是主语,从句充当主语为主语从句,主语从句的结构和意思完整,用that作连接词,无实意, that用于句首,首字母大写,故答案是That。
2.答案：whether/if
解析：句意:她问我是否已经把书还给图书馆了， 我承认我还没有还。空格处引导宾语从句，且在句中意为“是否”.故填whether/if。
3.答案：that
解析：句意为: 雨季中最宜人的事情就是人们可以完全摆脱灰尘的困扰。分析句子结构可知, 设空处引导表语从句, 且从句中成分完整, 故此处应填that引导表语从句。
4.答案：what
解析：句意:没有去过非洲的人不知道大多数非洲人在经历什么。空处引导同位语从句,解释说明idea的内容,且在从句中作宾语,表示"什么",故填what。
5.答案：what
解析：考查宾语从句。句意:因此,观众离开剧院时并不确定他们刚刚看到的到底是什么。what引导的句子作sure的宾语,what在宾语从句中作主语。故填what。
二、
6.答案：C
解析：考查主语从句。句意：我发自内心想对您 说一声“谢谢！ ”此处为主语从句，从句中 缺少宾语，结合句意表示想说的话，应用 what引导。故选C。
7.答案：D
解析： 考查名词性从句。句意:你难道不知道那本英文小说讲的是什么吗 理解它的主题是最重要的。本句为宾语从句, 从句中介词about后缺少宾语, 且指物, 所以用连接代词what引导。故选D。
8.答案：C
解析：句意：直到天黑他才意识到他想到的是解决问题的正确的方法。第一空是not until 用于强调句，构成it is not until·····that “直到····才”，第二空后的______ he thought是主语从句，分析主语从句的句子成分就会发现，缺少宾语，只能用what来充当宾语，that在名词性从句中不充当成分。选C。
9.答案：C
解析：本题考查表语从句。分析句子结构， _____ we kept getting lost 为 was 的表语，为表语从句。表语从句主干成分和句意均完整，所以用无词意的 that 来引导。that 只起引导作用，不可省略。故正确答案为C。
10.答案：B
解析：本题考查同位语从句，根据句意和结构可知这句话使用同位语从句，说明assumption的内容，用that引导．
三、
答案：①causing②completely③injuries④what⑤worn⑥as⑦to feel⑧that⑨has received⑩a
解析：①考查非谓语动词。句意:今年夏天,中国西南部城市重庆面临着严峻的考验,自8月17日以来,热浪和干旱引发了一系列野火。分析句子结构可知,此处为“with+宾语+宾补”的复合结构,cause 与a heat wave and drought之间为主动关系,所以应该用现在分词作宾补。故填causing。
②考查副词。句意:在救援人员、志愿者和居民的共同努力下,在不到10天的时间里,该市10多起森林火灾被完全扑灭,没有人员伤亡报告。分析句子结构可知,空处修饰空后动词put out,所以应填副词,complete的副词形式是completely,故填completely。
③考查名词。句意:在救援人员、志愿者和居民的共同努力下,在不到10天的时间里,该市10多起森林火灾被完全扑灭,没有人员伤亡报告。分析句子结构可知,空前是介词with,所以空处应填名词,injure 的名词为injury,此处意指受伤的人,为可数名词,根据空后的deaths知,应该用复数形式。故填injuries。
④考查宾语从句。句意:世界见证了人民团结行动中被誉为“重庆速度”的时刻。分析句子结构可知,空处引导的是宾语从句,从句中缺少主语,指“……的东西”。故填what。
⑤考查非谓语动词。句意:在社交媒体上流传的一段壮观的航拍视频戳中了网友的心:救援队的头灯照亮黑暗的山路,与吞噬山体的红色火焰形成对比,被网友称为“人体长城”。分析句子结构可知,本句已谓语动词captured,所以wear应该用非谓语形式,再根据空后的by表“被”之意,所以应该用过去分词被动。故填worm。
⑥考查介词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知,此处考查固定搭配be described as意为“被描述成”。故填a。
⑦考查固定搭配。句意:忙得感觉不到累;我必须跑得更快。分析句子结构可知,此处考查固定搭配to.意为“太……而不能……”,故填to feel。
⑧考查定语从句关系词。句意: “ ‘忙得感觉不到累:我必须跑得更快’是唯一在我脑海中回响的声音,”他回忆道。分析句子结构可知,空处引导的是定语从句,从句中缺少主语,应该用关系代词,先行词是sound指物,故应该用that或者which引导,但是当先行词有only修饰时,只能用that,不能用which。故填that。
⑨考查时态和主谓一致。句意:在过去的几个月里,这段视频在微信朋友圈获得了超过10万个点赞和分享。根据时间状语in the past few months可知,为现在完成时标志词,应用现在完成时,主语是video,为第三人称单数。故填has received。
⑩考查冠词。句意:这真是来之不易的成功! success作“成功的事或人”时为可数名词,此处用不定冠词泛指,且hard-won发音以辅音音素开头,故填a。
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