2022-2023学年高三英语二轮复习专题练习（新高考）专题十一 情态动词和虚拟语气（含解析）
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| 名称 | 2022-2023学年高三英语二轮复习专题练习（新高考）专题十一 情态动词和虚拟语气（含解析） |  | |
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| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-02-22 22:13:39 | ||
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专题十一 情态动词和虚拟语气
一、填空题
1.If you want to borrow a football after school, your student card ________ be left here.
2.Someone ________ have used my umbrella. I found it wet yesterday.
3.The problem may be that, in our offices, we _______ stop ourselves from getting drawn into others' conversations while we're trying to focus.
4.Researchers insisted that dangers _______(alleviate) by taking measures constantly.
5.It is requested that no one _____ (touch) the exhibits.
二、单选题
6.I'd rather you _____ come yesterday. I was fine on my own.
A. hadn't B.didn't C.wouldn't D.shouldn't
7.Their requirement that he one year's experience is reasonable.
A. had B. has C. have D. would have
8.— The terrible accident is under investigation.
—Actually, quicker action _________ those workers trapped in the mine.
A. might have saved B. must have saved C. should have saved D. could have saved
9.— Did you punish him for that
—Yes, but I don’t think I________.
A. should have done so B. need to have done so
C. should do that D. ought have done that
10. I've ordered some pizza, so we _______ worry about cooking when we get home tired.
A. can't B. needn't C. may not D. should not
三、语法填空
The 20th CPC National Congress was held from Oct 16 to 22 in Beijing. Xi Jinping, general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, delivered a report. The document is divided into three parts and 15 sections and contains more than 30,000 Chinese characters.
In January, ①________ was decided to set up a ②________ (draft) team, with Xi serving as its head. At that meeting, General Secretary Xi demanded that the preparation work fully ③________ (grasp) the new features of the times. The document stated: "China ④________ (commit) to its fundamental national policy of opening to the outside world and pursues a mutually beneficial strategy of opening up. In the report of the 20th CPC National Congress, the word "opening-up" was mentioned as many as 29 times. The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) provides a new opportunity for China's high-level opening-up to the outside world and new momentum for world ⑤________ (economy) growth. Up to now, China ⑥________ (sign) more than 200 cooperation documents with 149 countries and 32 international organizations under the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). ⑦________ the 20th Congress report points out: We must strengthen our sense of hardship, ⑧________ (prepare) for danger in times of peace and prepare for a rainy day. While 100 years have passed in the history of the CPC, ⑨________ many successes achieved, the country is now faced with new strategic opportunities in pursuing development.
A strong youth makes a strong country. At this time of their lives, contemporary Chinese youth have a very broad stage ⑩________ (display) their talents and a very bright prospect to realize their dreams.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：has to
2.答案：must
3.答案：can't
4.答案：(should) be alleviated
解析：考查虚拟语气。句意:研究人员坚持认为通过不断采取措施来减轻危险。insist“坚持”,为动词,其后的宾语从句要用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气,should可以省略;结合本句分析,that之后的内容为动词insist的宾语从句,从句主语dangers与动词alleviate为动宾关系,所以空白处要用被动语态。所以填(should) be alleviated。故填(should) be alleviated。
5.答案：(should)touch
二、
6.答案：A
解析：考查虚拟语气. would rather后接句子时，句子谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气，根据时间状语 yesterday可知表过去的愿望，用过去完成时。句意：我宁愿你昨天没来我一个人挺好的。故选：A。
7.答案：C
解析：本题主要考查虚拟语气。在虚拟语气中，在 requirement，suggestion，proposal 等名词的同位语从句中要使用虚拟语气，同位语从句中的谓语动词为：（should） + 动词原形。分析句子结构可知，主语为 their requirement，谓语是系动词 is，表语是 reasonable，that 引导的句子为 requirement 的同位语从句，因此从句中应使用虚拟语气，应使用 have，可省略 should。故正确答案为C。
8.答案：D
解析：考查情态动词及虚拟语气。might have done对过去可能性的推测，must have done对过去肯定的推测，should have done本应该做某事，实际上没有做，could have done本可以做某事，实际上没做，根据句意更快的行动本可以救那些困在矿中的工人的。所以选D。
9.答案：A
解析：考查情态动词+have done。句意：一你因此惩罚他了吗？一是的，但我觉得我不应该这么做。情态动词+have done，表示对过去发生事实的虚拟。should（not）have done“本（不）应该做却”；needn't have done“本不必却”；ought to have done“本应该做却”，结合句意，此处指本不应该做却做了，应用shouldn't have done，因为有I think故将否定前移。故选A。
10.答案：B
解析：考查情态动词的辨析。句意：我已经订了一些比萨饼，所以我们累了，回家时就不用担心做饭了。A.can't不可能； B.needn't不必，不需要； C.may not可能不会；D.should not不应该。根据前文我已经订了一些比萨饼，可知后文应该是不必担心，故选B。
三、
答案：①it②drafting③grasp④is committed⑤economic⑥has signed⑦As⑧be prepared⑨with⑩to display
解析：①考查代词。句意: 1月,决定成立一个起草小组,由习近平任组长。此处作形式主语应用代词it,不定式为真正主语。故填it。
②考查名词。句意: 1月,决定成立一个起草小组,由习近平任组长。此处用名词drafting作定语,修饰team,短语drafting team表示"起草小组"。故填drafting。
③考查虚拟语气。句意:会上,习近平总书记要求筹备工作充分把握时代新特点。动词demand后跟宾语从句需用虚拟语气,谓语用should+动词原形,should可以省略。故填grasp。
④考查固定短语。句意:中国坚持对外开放的基本国策,奉行互利共赢的开放战略。短语be committed to表示"坚持",陈述客观事实用一般现在时,主语为China,谓语用单数。故填is committed。
⑤考查形容词。句意:中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会的召开,为中国高水平对外开放提供了新的机遇,为世界经济增长提供了新的动力。修饰名词growth应用形容词economic,作定语。故填economic
⑥考查时态。句意:截至目前,中国已与149个国家和32个国际组织签署了200多项"一带一路"合作文件。根据上文Up to now可知为现在完成时,主语为China,助动词用has。故填has signed。
⑦考查定语从句。句意:正如十九大报告所指出的,我们必须增强忧患意识,居安思危,未雨绸缪。引导非限制性定语从句,表示“正如”,应用as,指代后文整个主句内容,并在从句中作主语,句首单词首字母要大写。故填As。
⑧考查固定短语。句意:正如十九大报告所指出的,我们必须增强忧患意识,居安思危,未雨绸缪。短语be prepared for表示"为……做好准备",且must后跟动词原形。故填be prepared。
⑨考查介词。句意:中国共产党走过了100年的历史,取得了巨大成就,当前我国发展面临新的战略机遇。此处为with的复合结构"with+名词+过去分词"作状语。故填with。
⑩考查非谓语动词。句意:当代中国青年生逢其时,有着非常广阔的施展才华的舞台,也有着非常光明的实现梦想的前景。此处作后置定语修饰stage,用不定式表将来。故填to display。
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一、填空题
1.If you want to borrow a football after school, your student card ________ be left here.
2.Someone ________ have used my umbrella. I found it wet yesterday.
3.The problem may be that, in our offices, we _______ stop ourselves from getting drawn into others' conversations while we're trying to focus.
4.Researchers insisted that dangers _______(alleviate) by taking measures constantly.
5.It is requested that no one _____ (touch) the exhibits.
二、单选题
6.I'd rather you _____ come yesterday. I was fine on my own.
A. hadn't B.didn't C.wouldn't D.shouldn't
7.Their requirement that he one year's experience is reasonable.
A. had B. has C. have D. would have
8.— The terrible accident is under investigation.
—Actually, quicker action _________ those workers trapped in the mine.
A. might have saved B. must have saved C. should have saved D. could have saved
9.— Did you punish him for that
—Yes, but I don’t think I________.
A. should have done so B. need to have done so
C. should do that D. ought have done that
10. I've ordered some pizza, so we _______ worry about cooking when we get home tired.
A. can't B. needn't C. may not D. should not
三、语法填空
The 20th CPC National Congress was held from Oct 16 to 22 in Beijing. Xi Jinping, general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, delivered a report. The document is divided into three parts and 15 sections and contains more than 30,000 Chinese characters.
In January, ①________ was decided to set up a ②________ (draft) team, with Xi serving as its head. At that meeting, General Secretary Xi demanded that the preparation work fully ③________ (grasp) the new features of the times. The document stated: "China ④________ (commit) to its fundamental national policy of opening to the outside world and pursues a mutually beneficial strategy of opening up. In the report of the 20th CPC National Congress, the word "opening-up" was mentioned as many as 29 times. The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) provides a new opportunity for China's high-level opening-up to the outside world and new momentum for world ⑤________ (economy) growth. Up to now, China ⑥________ (sign) more than 200 cooperation documents with 149 countries and 32 international organizations under the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). ⑦________ the 20th Congress report points out: We must strengthen our sense of hardship, ⑧________ (prepare) for danger in times of peace and prepare for a rainy day. While 100 years have passed in the history of the CPC, ⑨________ many successes achieved, the country is now faced with new strategic opportunities in pursuing development.
A strong youth makes a strong country. At this time of their lives, contemporary Chinese youth have a very broad stage ⑩________ (display) their talents and a very bright prospect to realize their dreams.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：has to
2.答案：must
3.答案：can't
4.答案：(should) be alleviated
解析：考查虚拟语气。句意:研究人员坚持认为通过不断采取措施来减轻危险。insist“坚持”,为动词,其后的宾语从句要用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气,should可以省略;结合本句分析,that之后的内容为动词insist的宾语从句,从句主语dangers与动词alleviate为动宾关系,所以空白处要用被动语态。所以填(should) be alleviated。故填(should) be alleviated。
5.答案：(should)touch
二、
6.答案：A
解析：考查虚拟语气. would rather后接句子时，句子谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气，根据时间状语 yesterday可知表过去的愿望，用过去完成时。句意：我宁愿你昨天没来我一个人挺好的。故选：A。
7.答案：C
解析：本题主要考查虚拟语气。在虚拟语气中，在 requirement，suggestion，proposal 等名词的同位语从句中要使用虚拟语气，同位语从句中的谓语动词为：（should） + 动词原形。分析句子结构可知，主语为 their requirement，谓语是系动词 is，表语是 reasonable，that 引导的句子为 requirement 的同位语从句，因此从句中应使用虚拟语气，应使用 have，可省略 should。故正确答案为C。
8.答案：D
解析：考查情态动词及虚拟语气。might have done对过去可能性的推测，must have done对过去肯定的推测，should have done本应该做某事，实际上没有做，could have done本可以做某事，实际上没做，根据句意更快的行动本可以救那些困在矿中的工人的。所以选D。
9.答案：A
解析：考查情态动词+have done。句意：一你因此惩罚他了吗？一是的，但我觉得我不应该这么做。情态动词+have done，表示对过去发生事实的虚拟。should（not）have done“本（不）应该做却”；needn't have done“本不必却”；ought to have done“本应该做却”，结合句意，此处指本不应该做却做了，应用shouldn't have done，因为有I think故将否定前移。故选A。
10.答案：B
解析：考查情态动词的辨析。句意：我已经订了一些比萨饼，所以我们累了，回家时就不用担心做饭了。A.can't不可能； B.needn't不必，不需要； C.may not可能不会；D.should not不应该。根据前文我已经订了一些比萨饼，可知后文应该是不必担心，故选B。
三、
答案：①it②drafting③grasp④is committed⑤economic⑥has signed⑦As⑧be prepared⑨with⑩to display
解析：①考查代词。句意: 1月,决定成立一个起草小组,由习近平任组长。此处作形式主语应用代词it,不定式为真正主语。故填it。
②考查名词。句意: 1月,决定成立一个起草小组,由习近平任组长。此处用名词drafting作定语,修饰team,短语drafting team表示"起草小组"。故填drafting。
③考查虚拟语气。句意:会上,习近平总书记要求筹备工作充分把握时代新特点。动词demand后跟宾语从句需用虚拟语气,谓语用should+动词原形,should可以省略。故填grasp。
④考查固定短语。句意:中国坚持对外开放的基本国策,奉行互利共赢的开放战略。短语be committed to表示"坚持",陈述客观事实用一般现在时,主语为China,谓语用单数。故填is committed。
⑤考查形容词。句意:中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会的召开,为中国高水平对外开放提供了新的机遇,为世界经济增长提供了新的动力。修饰名词growth应用形容词economic,作定语。故填economic
⑥考查时态。句意:截至目前,中国已与149个国家和32个国际组织签署了200多项"一带一路"合作文件。根据上文Up to now可知为现在完成时,主语为China,助动词用has。故填has signed。
⑦考查定语从句。句意:正如十九大报告所指出的,我们必须增强忧患意识,居安思危,未雨绸缪。引导非限制性定语从句,表示“正如”,应用as,指代后文整个主句内容,并在从句中作主语,句首单词首字母要大写。故填As。
⑧考查固定短语。句意:正如十九大报告所指出的,我们必须增强忧患意识,居安思危,未雨绸缪。短语be prepared for表示"为……做好准备",且must后跟动词原形。故填be prepared。
⑨考查介词。句意:中国共产党走过了100年的历史,取得了巨大成就,当前我国发展面临新的战略机遇。此处为with的复合结构"with+名词+过去分词"作状语。故填with。
⑩考查非谓语动词。句意:当代中国青年生逢其时,有着非常广阔的施展才华的舞台,也有着非常光明的实现梦想的前景。此处作后置定语修饰stage,用不定式表将来。故填to display。
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