2023年北京英语中考专项—阅读理解回答问题1（含解析）
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2023年北京英语中考专项—阅读理解回答问题1
一、阅读理解题
May 12th—International Nurses Day is an important date to all nurses. The tireless efforts of nurses all over the world are celebrated every year on May 12th, because it is the anniversary (周年纪念日) of the birth of Florence Nightingale, who is widely considered the founder of modern nursing.
Nurses are appreciated (感激) in many different ways on International Nurses Day, also called IND. People are encouraged to take time to thank a nurse who has been there for them or their loved ones during days of sickness. Do you know the history of International Nurses Day
It all began in 1953, when Dorothy Sutherland, an official with the U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, asked President Dwight D. Eisenhower to proclaim (宣布) a Nurses Day. However, he did not do so at that time. The International Council of Nurses has celebrated on May 12th since 1965. In January 1974, this day was finally officially made International Nurses Day.
Because this day is all about celebrating nurses' endless contributions (贡献) to society, taking this opportunity to show a nurse who has taken care of you how much you appreciate him or her is very meaningful on this day. If you are feeling especially grateful for the way a certain nurse took care of you (fed you, brought you a blanket, monitored your vital signs, made sure you were getting the right pills, changed your wound dressings, helped you get to the bathroom, let you cry on his or her shoulder, or any of the hundreds of other things nurses do), May 12th is the day to show that gratitude (感谢). So take a trip down to the hospital with a box of chocolates, a bouquet of flowers, or anything else you think that particular nurse might like.
Some people, after having spent months in the hospital with a serious condition, decide to order pizza or cake for the entire medical team that was looking after them, a gesture that team is guaranteed (肯定的) to remember you for forever, if you should decide on it. However, as mentioned before, it's the thought that counts the most. A nurse's main goal is to help you get through treatment and get better, so just knowing he or she succeeded is a reward in itself.
(1) When is International Nurses Day
(2) What are people encouraged to do on International Nurses Day
(3) What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
(4) Why do people take a trip down to the hospital with chocolates or flowers on May 12th
(5) What is a nurse's main goal
The Night the Earth Didn't Sleep
Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. For several days, the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. There were deep cracks (裂缝) that appeared in the well walls. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide, and fish jumped out of the water. At about 3:00 a.m., on 28 July 1976, bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard. But the city's one million people were asleep as usual that night.
At 3:42 a.m., everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! Eleven kilometers directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage (损坏) more than 150 kilometers away in Beijing. Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it! A huge crack, eight kilometers long and 30 meters wide, cut across houses, roads, and waterways. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins. Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. Thousands of children were left without parents. The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.
Everywhere survivors (幸存者) looked, there was nothing but ruins. Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. People were in shock—and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again. Even more buildings fell down. People began to wonder how long the disaster (灾难) would last.
But hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped. Water and food were brought into the city by train, truck, and plane. Slowly, the city began to breathe again.
Tangshan started to get back up on its feet. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. Tangshan city has proved to the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
(1) What does the writer want to tell us in the first paragraph
(2) On which day did the earthquake happen
(3) How much was the city destroyed
(4) Did people lose hope
(5) What has Tangshan city proved to the world
Arbor Day: Day of Trees
Nebraska was covered with few trees many years ago. The pioneers had trouble in getting enough to build houses. There was no shade from the sun or wind, and crops (庄稼) didn't grow well in the dry earth. So the idea for Arbor Day formed there.
Fortunately, among those moving into Nebraska in 1854 was J. Sterling Morton. He and his wife were nature lovers, and the home they built in Nebraska was quickly planted with trees and flowers. Morton was a reporter of Nebraska's first newspaper; then he became a member of the Nebraska State Board of Agriculture (农业委员会).
On January 4, 1872, Morton first proposed (提议) a tree-planting holiday to be called "Arbor Day" at a meeting of the State Board of Agriculture. The date was set for April 10, 1872. It was estimated (估计) that more than one million trees were planted in Nebraska on the first Arbor Day.
In the years following the Arbor Day, his ideas spread to Kansas, Tennessee, Minnesota and Ohio. Today all 50 states have their own Day of Trees in keeping with local weather.
Hawaii celebrates it in November, while Alaska in May! More interesting, each state has a special "state tree". The "state tree" for Nebraska is cottonwood, for Alaska is Sitka Spruce.
Arbor Day is of American origin (起源) and the idea has spread widely to other lands where it is observed as the "Greening Week" of Japan, "The New Year's Days of Trees" in Israel, "The tree-loving Week" of Korea, and "The National Festival of Tree Planting" in India. Arbor Day in its various forms is now recognized in more than fifty countries. China spends "Tree-planting Day" on March 12.
We have known a lot about Arbor Day. So we should get into action and ask as many people as possible to gather and recycle paper. Then we can use what we earn from the waste paper to buy a special tree to plant in a park or other public places. It is an act of kindness, a labor of love and a duty as citizens. Anyone can do it.
(1) Where did Arbor Day start from
(2) When did Morton first suggest Arbor Day
(3) What is Alaska's state tree
(4) How many countries have recognized Arbor Day
(5) What is the last paragraph mainly about
Stay Home Studying
17-year-old Liu Yu was a high school student in China. She planned to go back to school on Feb. 17 to prepare for the 2020 college entrance examination (高考). However, the Ministry of Education (教育部) told people in late January that the spring term for all schools would be put off because of the serious disease (疾病) in China. So Liu Yu, like all the other students, had to stay at home.
However, Liu and her classmates didn't fell behind their plans and began studying full-time again—only from home. It may have become the largest online teaching experiment the country has ever seen.
To go with students' new learning environment, a "cloud platform (云平台)" was started using on Feb. 17. It provided students with education resources (资源) covering all school subjects. But some students had difficulty going to the website or using smart phones. A TV channel by China Education Television started airing classes on Feb. 17. So students could have classes and study online or on TV at home.
But the online platform and TV channel don't just offer school knowledge. Students can also learn how to protect themselves from the disease and psychological (心理) health during this period, according to the Ministry of Education.
For some students, the chance to study from home has had some unexpected benefits. Yuan Siyi, who lives in Hubei province, used to get up before 6 a.m. on school days, but since starting online courses, she got more hours of sleep every morning. "I like online teaching because I have more freedom at home," Yuan told TEENS. She began her all-day courses on Feb. 3.
However, online teaching and learning has its weaknesses compared to studying in a traditional classroom. "My motivation (动力) to study is stronger when my classmates are around me and all working very hard," Yuan said.
According to the Ministry of Education, online courses are just a short-time way of learning during the disease. When the new term begins, schools will no longer use online classes instead of classroom teaching.
(1) When did Liu Yu plan to go back to school
(2) Did Liu Yu begin her full-time study from home
(3) How did students have classes and study at home
(4) What can students learn except school knowledge during this period
(5) What is Paragraph 5 and 6 mainly about
Since 1989, Dave Thomas, who died at age 69, had been one of the most recognizable faces on TV. He appeared in more than 800 commercials (商业广告) for the hamburger chain named for his daughter. "As long as it works. " he said in 1991. "I'll continue to do those commercials."
Even though he was successful, Thomas remained troubled by his childhood. "He still won't let anyone see his feet, which are out of shape because he never had proper fitting shoes," Wendy said in 1993. Born to a single mother, he was adopted (收养) as a baby by Rex and Auleva Thomas of Kalamazoo in Michigan. After Auleva died when he was 5, Thomas spent years on the road as Rex traveled around seeking construction work. "He fed me," Thomas said, "and if I got out of line, he'd beat me."
Moving out on his own at 15, Thomas worked, first as a waiter, in many restaurants. But he had something much better in mind. "I thought if I owned a restaurant," he said, "I could eat for free." When he was 24, meeting with Harland Sanders led Thomas to a career as the manager of a Kentucky Fried Chicken restaurant that made him a millionaire in 1968.
In 1969, after breaking with Sanders, Thomas started the first Wendy's Old Fashioned hamburgers, in Columbus, Ohio, which set itself apart by serving made-to-order burgers. With 6,000 restaurants worldwide, the chain now makes $6 billion a year in sales.
Although troubled by his own experience with adoption, Thomas, married since 1954 to Lorraine, 66, and with four grown kids besides Wendy, felt it could offer a future for other children. He started the Dave Thomas Foundation (基金会) for Adoption in1992.
In 1993, Thomas, who had left school at 15, graduated from Coconut Creek High School in Florida. He even took Lorraine to the graduation dance party. The kids voted him Most Likely to Succeed.
"The Dave you saw on TV was the real Dave," says friend Pat Williams, "He wasn't a great actor or a great speaker. He was just Joe Everybody."
(1) When did Dave Thomas begin to do commercials for the hamburger chain
(2) Did Dave Thomas live a happy life or a hard life when he was young？
(3) Who led Dave Thomas to success
(4) Where did Thomas start the first Wendy's Old Fashioned hamburgers
(5) Why did he start the Dave Thomas Foundation for Adoption in 1992
Germs are very small living things. They are so small that we cannot see them unless we use a microscope. They are found in all kinds of places, all over the world. There are four main types of germs that they can invade (侵入) plants, animals, and people, and sometimes they can make us sick.
Bacteria (细菌) live just about everywhere on earth. Not all bacteria are bad. Some of them are good for our bodies. They help us keep things in balance. Good bacteria live in our bodies and help us use the nutrients in the food we eat and make waste from what's left over. We couldn't make the most of a healthy meal without these important helper germs! On the other hand, there are several types of bad bacteria, including those that cause sore throats.
Viruses (病毒) need a host to keep living. They need to be inside a place of a living plant or animal, including humans, or even inside a bacterium! Whatever a virus lives in is called its host. Once a virus finds the perfect host, the goal is to reproduce and spread. Viruses are pretty tricky because they can change quickly to fit a new environment. When viruses get inside people's bodies, they can spread and make people sick.
Fungi (真菌) are kind of like plants. Unlike other plants, fungi cannot make their own food from soil, water, and air. Fungi love warm and wet places. Most fungi are harmless. The kind that can grow on your skin can be treated. It probably won't hurt you, but it is really make you uncomfortable.
Protozoa (原生动物) are extremely small. Most of them live in water. Some protozoa actually eat bacteria and they are good because they also eat the waste of other small living things. Some protozoa are bad, and they live off of other living things, sometimes humans. For example, if a person drinks unclean water, protozoa may cause health problems.
(1) Are germs small
(2) How many germs are mentioned in the passage
(3) Why can viruses change quickly
(4) Where do fungi love to stay
(5) What does the passage mainly talk about
What makes Australia different First, if you are traveling from Southeast Asia, you will cover about 4,500 miles (7,240 km). If you are from the Americas or South Africa, you will cover about 9,000 miles (14,500 km). If you come from Europe, you will have to travel about 10,500 miles (17,000 km). It is not just a quick crossing by boat, or a walk over a bridge. It is a long way to "Down Under". So there are surely to be cultural as well as geographical differences.
And then there is the size of it. It's a long way from one side to the other. Perth, the capital of Western Australia, is the most isolated (孤立的) city in the world. It is closer to Singapore than to Sydney, which is about 1,900 miles (3,000 km) away.
Most countries have probably had population growth, with much the same racial mix. for hundreds of years. Apart, of course, from the Aborigines (土著), who have been there for over 5,000 years. Australians have not been there long. The first Europeans came and lived just over 200 years ago. Most other foreigners arrived less than 50 years ago. Australia's population has doubled since 1957, transforming what was perhaps one of the most boring nations to one of the most exciting, with many interesting differences of culture and custom.
Australians are generally warm-hearted and open. Perhaps they have taken the best from other foreign cultures, mixing them with the best of Aboriginal and early foreign cultures. Australians are also humorous. You are expected to be the same. It is said in Australia that all visitors must be able to take a joke. Learn to laugh at yourself, your country, and so on. And if you really want to be a social hit, tell jokes about yourself, your country, and the way you speak. There is almost nothing that cannot be laughed at. The important things in life such as traditions (like public festivals) are taken very lightly. Sport, however, is taken very seriously!
Today, Australia has one of the world's highest standards of living, fine food and wine, a great sporting tradition, a colorful and high culture, and an affection for visitors.
(1) How far will visitors travel from Europe to Australia
(2) Which is closer to Perth, Singapore or Sydney
(3) When did the first Europeans come to Australia
(4) What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
(5) According to Paragraph 4, what are Australians like
Psychologists (心理学家) are interested in the reasons why some people like taking part in risky sports.
When they studied people who were learning to jump from a plane with a parachute, they found that the parachutists' bodies produced large amounts of two hormones (激素), adrenaline (肾上腺素) and noradrenaline (去甲肾上腺素) , just before they made their jump. These hormones help to prepare us for any sudden activity. Adrenaline increases the heart beat and provides more sugar for the muscles (肌肉), while noradrenaline makes us react (反应) more quickly. However, noradrenaline also supplies energy to a part of the brain which controls feelings of pleasure. A feeling of pleasure caused by this hormone makes certain people want to take part in dangerous sports.
Another possible reason is the level of excitement in part of the brain. According to some psychologists, the brain tries to manage a certain level of excitement. They believe that people who have a low level of excitement look for new experiences in order to fire themselves with excitement, but people who usually have a high level of excitement try to avoid risks in order not to become overexcited. If the psychologists are right, people with a low excitement level are the ones who enjoy taking part in dangerous sports and activities.
It is thought that people with low levels of excitement have a slower-reacting nervous system than people with higher levels. So it may he possible to find out your level of excitement by testing your nervous system. A quick way of doing this is to put some lemon juice on your tongue (舌头). If you produce a lot of saliva (唾液) , your nervous system has been affected(影响) by the lemon and so you probably have a high level of excitement; if you produce little saliva, you probably have a low excitement level. If you have a low level, you might enjoy taking part in risky sports. However, this does not mean that you have to try parachuting!
(1) Did the parachutists' bodies produce large amounts of adrenaline and noradrenaline before they made their jump
(2) What does adrenaline increase and provide
(3) Why do people with a high level of excitement try to avoid risks
(4) How can people find out their level of excitement
(5) Who may enjoy taking part in risky activities
Keep Calm and Carry On
Stuart Manley and his wife, Mary, run a second-hand bookshop called Barter Books in Alnwick, Northumberland. In 2000, they bought a box of old books. When Stuart got them back to the shop, he discovered a poster at the bottom of the box. The poster read "Keep Calm and Carry On". Neither Stuart nor Mary knew anything about the history of the poster, but they liked it so much that they decided to hang the poster in their bookshop.
At the start of World War Ⅱ, the British government designed three posters and the Keep Calm poster was one of them. Two of the three posters were released (展开) in public in order to encourage the British people. Although nearly 2.5 million copies of the Keep Calm poster had been printed, the British government decided not to release them. In 1940, most of the copies were recycled into other paper products. Only a few were left.
The poster started its second life when Manley's poster began attracting the attention of customers in his shop. He printed copies of the poster to sell. Soon other companies began to sell products with the slogan (标语). It appeared on everything from mugs to shopping bags.
The reasons for the popularity of this rediscovered poster aren't hard to understand. Shortly after the poster made its appearance in 2000, a worldwide economic (经济的) downturn began. People were in need of something to raise their spirits. The saying "Keep Calm and Carry On" seems to be the perfect slogan to bring courage and hope to people. Besides the encouraging message, the simple design of the poster helped lead to its popularity.
Today the now-famous wartime slogan has been rewritten in many fun ways. Some people have created phrases like "Keep Calm and Dance On" "Keep Calm and Call Mom" or "Keep Calm and Eat a Cupcake". The slogan has become part of popular culture. The explanations of the slogan are often lighthearted, but it is important to remember its purpose when it was first designed.
(1) Where did Stuart discover the poster
(2) Did Stuart know anything about the history of the poster when it was discovered
(3) When was the poster first designed
(4) Why did the poster become popular
(5) Please rewrite the Keep Calm slogan to encourage your classmates before an important exam.
Marcel Duchamp with his bicycle wheel
What is art This question has confused great thinkers for centuries. In fact, there is disagreement about exactly what art is. Most of us would agree that Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa is art, but what about a video game One dictionary states that art is "making objects, images or music, etc. that are beautiful or that express certain feelings." This, however, could be regarded as too general a definition (定义).
Art is usually divided into two areas: fine art, such as painting, music and sculpture (雕塑) and applied art (实用美术), such as fashion design, urniture making and gardening. According to Aristotle, fine art is something which has a conceptual function (概念功能). He noted that artists produced objects, drama and music which showed their emotions and ideas, rather than just trying to offer a true image of nature. Andy Warhol, the American artist famous for his Pop Art in the 1960s, once said, "An artist produces things that people don't need to have." This is the biggest difference between fine and applied art. Applied art requires an object to be functional as well asbeautiful.
In the twentieth century, however, artists began to challenge the accepted idea of art. The French artist Marcel Duchamp changed people's understanding of what sculpture was by mounting a bicycle wheel upside down on a stool in 1913 and calling it art. In 2002, Japanese artist Yayoi Kusama created an art work that required the public's involvement. In this work, visitors were asked to cover a white room that had white furniture and objects in it, with many colorful sticker dots (圆形贴纸). He once said, "Everything an artist produces is art".
Today, we can see examples of art all around us which are not expensive. Many towns and cities have public art which can be enjoyed by all. Some museums, like the National Art Museum of China in Beijing, have no entrance fee. Others are free for children and students. Street art is also popular in different neighborhoods around the world.
Art can make our ordinary, everyday lives a little more special. This idea may not work for all art, but perhaps we can agree that it is a goal towards which all artists should work.
(1) What question has confused great thinkers for centuries
(2) What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
(3) What does applied art require according to this passage
(4) When did artists begin to challenge the accepted idea of art
(5) What's the writer's opinion on art
Studies have shown that when students join in team sports, their overall educational experience is greatly improved. In fact, no matter they are good at sports or not, there are still benefits to be got from playing team sports! Here are four lessons team sports can teach students.
Have a Bigger Picture
At some point in life, everyone goes through challenges. People may think that the choices they make only affect themselves, but as it turns out, that simply isn't true! Team sports teach students about friendship and a sense of belonging to something bigger than themselves. When they play sports on a team, they quickly learn that every choice they make has an influence on their teammates and their opponents (对手)!
Be Decisive
Making choices can often be difficult for many people since they often over-complicate (过度复杂化) very simple decisions. Playing team sports gets students to reason and come to a decision faster than they might in their day-to-day life. And then, making quick decisions can help students develop a sense of self-confidence.
Never Give Up
It's always exciting to win in life, but sometimes the greater lessons come from losses in team sports games. To deal with those losses, students should accept them peacefully, move on and try again! Team sports teach students that great comebacks do happen and a loss is never final if they refuse to give up!
Put Others First
Perhaps the most important lesson that team sports can teach students is how to put others first in difficult situations. Sometimes, they may have to be ready for being second-best for the greater good, because there is often more at play than they can see at first. Sometimes the most pleasing choice students can make is the one to help others even when it is inconvenient. Learning self-sacrifice (自我奉献) is a lesson that students will certainly carry throughout the course of their life!
Students don't have to be athletic to succeed at sports, and there are countless benefits of team sports for them.
(1) Do students need to be good at sports in order to benefit from team sports
(2) Why do many people find it difficult to make choices
(3) How should students deal with losses in team sports games
(4) What is probably the most important lesson students can learn from team sports
(5) What's the main idea of this passage
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms. The Spring Equinox (春分), as the fourth term of the year starts on March 21 and ends on April 4 this year. The Spring Equinox signals the equal length of the day and night time. Here are things you may not know about the Spring Equinox.
Egg-standing games
Standing an egg upright is a popular game across the country during the Spring Equinox. It is an old custom that dates back to 4000 years ago. People practice this tradition to celebrate the coming of spring. It is believed that if someone can make the egg stand, he will have good luck in the future.
Flying kites
Spring Equinox is a good time to fly kites. In ancient times, people did not have good medical resources. So to pray for health, they wrote their medical problems on paper kites. When the kite was in the air, people would cut off the string to let the paper kite float away, symbolizing the flying away of diseases.
Reward farm cattle
This practice is popular in the southern area of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. As the Spring Equinox comes, farm work starts and both the farmers and the cattle start to become busy. Farmers will reward cattle with sticky rice balls to express their gratefulness. Meanwhile, people will also make sacrifice to birds, to thank them for bringing signals for farm work and to ask them not to eat grains later in the year.
(1) When does the Spring Equinox end this year
(2) What do the underlined words "this tradition" in the second paragraph refer to
(3) In ancient times, how did people pray for health
(4) Why do farmers reward cattle with sticky rice balls
(5) What does the passage mainly talk about
Cartoonist: Charles Schulz
Charles Schulz is a true hero. For nearly 50 years, Schulz's comic strip, the Peanuts collection, has been the most well-known cartoon in the world. It has 355 million daily readers in 75 countries. On February 13th, 2000, Schulz died of cancer. But he will always be remembered by people old and young worldwide.
In Schulz's works, he always stayed positive. He tried to give readers a happy feeling. Kids like Peanuts because the characters live a simple life and go through the same troubles as they do. He did not pick out stressful topics of the day. Instead, he always brought readers into a joyful world by writing about a happy place with simple worries. Schulz was also a good father of four children. It's said that he never failed to stop his work to play a pick-up baseball game or have lunch with his family. He was always very involved in his children's lives and supported their decisions. He taught them the importance of a person's inner worth. His family describes Schulz as a man with the fewest needs.
His youngest daughter Jill, said, "He's a fighter, but he always has bad luck." When Schulz learned his cancer was senous, he was forced to give up the job he loved—writing the Peanuts cartoons. Unluckily, Schulz died the night before the last strip of his comics came out in the Sunday papers. Some might say this was unlucky, but Jill said her father enjoyed spending his whole life writing to make people happy.
Charles Schulz put a little comedy into our often-stressful world. He will be remembered as the world's favorite cartoonist. "You're a good man, Charles Schulz!"
(1) How many daily readers does the Peanuts collection have
(2) How did Schulz bring readers into a joyful world
(3) What did Schulz teach his children
(4) When was Schulz forced to give up the job he loved
(5) Why is Charles Schulz a true hero
答案
一、阅读理解题（共13题）
1. 【答案】
(1) May 12th./ It's on May 12th.
(2) People are encouraged to take time to thank a nurse who has been there for them or their loved ones during days of sickness.
(3) It's about the history of International Nurses Day./ How International Nurses Day started.
(4) Because they want to show their gratitude./ To show their gratitude.
(5) A nurse's main goal is to help you get through treatment and get better./To help you get through treatment and get better.
【解析】
(1) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：May 12th—International Nurses Day is an important date to all nurses. 5月12日国际护士节对所有的护士来说都是一个重要的日子。
因此，正确答案是May 12th./ It's on May 12th.
(2) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：People are encouraged to take time to thank a nurse who has been there for them or their loved ones during days of sickness. 人们被鼓励花时间感谢在他们或他们的亲人生病期间陪伴在他们身边的护士。
因此，正确答案是People are encouraged to take time to thank a nurse who has been there for them or their loved ones during days of sickness.
(3) 此题是主旨大意题。答案出处：第三段。1953年，当时一名官员请求总统设立一个护士节，但并未成功。自1965年以来，国际护士理事会一直在5月12日庆祝。1974年1月，这一天终于正式成为国际护士节。由此可知该段主旨是国际护士节的历史/国际护士节是怎么开始的。
因此，正确答案是It's about the history of International Nurses Day./ How International Nurses Day started.
(4) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：…May 12th is the day to show that gratitude (感谢). So take a trip down to the hospital with a box of chocolates, a bouquet of flowers, or anything else you think that particular nurse might like. 5月12日是表达感激之情的一天。所以带着一盒巧克力、一束花或者任何你认为那个护士可能喜欢的东西去一趟医院。
因此，正确答案是Because they want to show their gratitude./ To show their gratitude.
(5) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：A nurse's main goal is to help you get through treatment and get better, so just knowing he or she succeeded is a reward in itself. 护士的主要目标是帮助你度过治疗并身体变得更好，所以仅仅知道他或她成功本身就是一种奖励。
因此，正确答案是A nurse's main goal is to help you get through treatment and get better./To help you get through treatment and get better.
【知识点】细节理解、节日与假日 (Festivals and holidays)、主旨大意、说明文
2. 【答案】
(1) Warning signs before the earthquake.
(2) On 28 July, 1976.
(3) Nearly everything.
(4) No, they didn't.
(5) In times of disaster, people must unify and show wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
【解析】
(1) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. 河北东北部的农村发生了一些奇怪的事情。该段详细介绍了这些奇怪的事情是什么，接着介绍发生了地震。故在该段作者想告诉我们的是地震前的警告信号。
因此，正确答案是Warning signs before the earthquake.
(2) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：At about 3:00 a.m., on 28 July 1976, bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard. 1976年7月28日凌晨3点左右，唐山市外的天空中出现了明亮的光，并听到了巨大的声响。At 3:42 a.m., everything began to shake. 凌晨3点42分，一切都开始摇晃。
因此，正确答案是On 28 July, 1976.
(3) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. 城里几乎所有的东西都被摧毁了。
因此，正确答案是Nearly everything.
(4) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：But hope was not lost. 但是希望并没有消失。
因此，正确答案是No, they didn't.
(5) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Tangshan city has proved to the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future. 唐山市已经向世界证明，在灾难的时刻，人们必须团结起来，展现出保持积极向上的智慧，为了更光明的未来重建家园。
因此，正确答案是In times of disaster, people must unify and show wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
【知识点】记叙文、细节理解、自然灾害 (Natural disasters)
3. 【答案】
(1) Nebraska. /Nebraska in the USA.
(2) On January 4, 1872.
(3) Sitka Spruce.
(4) More than /Over fifty countries.
(5) What we should do to celebrate Arbor Day. /What actions we should take for Arbor Day.
【解析】
(1) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Nebraska was covered with few trees many years ago. The pioneers had trouble in getting enough to build houses. There was no shade from the sun or wind, and crops (庄稼) didn't grow well in the dry earth. So the idea for Arbor Day formed there. 许多年前，内布拉斯加州树木稀少。拓荒者们很难弄到足够的树木盖房子。那里没有遮阳避风的地方，庄稼在干燥的土地上长得不好。所以Arbor Day（植树节）的想法就在那里形成了。
因此，正确答案是Nebraska. /Nebraska in the USA.
(2) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：On January 4, 1872, Morton first proposed (提议) a tree-planting holiday to be called "Arbor Day" at a meeting of the State Board of Agriculture. 在1872年1月4日，莫顿在州农业委员会的一次会议上首次提议设立一个叫“Arbor Day”的植树节。
因此，正确答案是On January 4, 1872.
(3) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：The "state tree" for Nebraska is cottonwood, for Alaska is Sitka Spruce. 内布拉斯加州的“州树”是杨木，阿拉斯加的“州树”是云杉。
因此，正确答案是Sitka Spruce.
(4) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Arbor Day in its various forms is now recognized in more than fifty countries. 植树节的形式多种多样，现已在五十多个国家得到认可。
因此，正确答案是More than /Over fifty countries.
(5) 此题是主旨大意题。答案出处：We have known a lot about Arbor Day. So we should get into action and ask as many people as possible to gather and recycle paper. Then we can use what we earn from the waste paper to buy a special tree to plant in a park or other public places. It is an act of kindness, a labor of love and a duty as citizens. Anyone can do it. 我们已经了解了很多关于植树节的事情。所以我们应该行动起来，要求尽可能多的人收集和回收纸张。然后我们可以用我们从废纸赚到的钱去买一棵特殊的树种植在公园或其他公共场所。这是一种善举，是一种爱心的劳动，是公民的义务。任何人都能做到。故该段讲述的是植树节的活动。
因此，正确答案是What we should do to celebrate Arbor Day. /What actions we should take for Arbor Day.
【知识点】记叙文、主旨大意、细节理解、节日与假日 (Festivals and holidays)
4. 【答案】
(1) On Feb. 17.
(2) Yes./ Yes, she did.
(3) Online or on TV.
(4) How to protect themselves from the disease and psychological health.
(5) The benefit and weaknesses of studying at home.
【解析】
(1) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：She planned to go back to school on Feb. 17 to prepare for the 2020 college entrance examination (高考). 她计划2月17日回到学校，为2020年高考做准备。
因此，正确答案是On Feb. 17。
(2) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：However, Liu and her classmates didn't fell behind their plans and began studying full-time again—only from home. 然而，Liu和同学们并没有落后于自己的计划，他们重新开始了全日制学习——只是在家学习。
因此，正确答案是Yes。/Yes, she did。
(3) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：So students could have classes and study online or on TV at home. 因此，学生可以在家用网络或电视上课学习。
因此，正确答案是Online or on TV。
(4) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：But the online platform and TV channel don't just offer school knowledge. Students can also learn how to protect themselves from the disease and psychological (心理) health during this period, according to the Ministry of Education. 但网络平台和电视频道不仅仅提供学校知识。教育部表示，学生还可以在这段时间学习如何保护自己免受疾病和心理健康。
因此，正确答案是How to protect themselves from the disease and psychological health。
(5) 此题是主旨大意题。答案出处：For some students, the chance to study from home has had some unexpected benefits. 对于一些学生来说，在家学习的机会带来了一些意想不到的好处。However, online teaching and learning has its weaknesses compared to studying in a traditional classroom. 然而，与传统的课堂学习相比，在线教学有其缺点。由此可知这两段主要讲在家学习的利与弊。
因此，正确答案是The benefit and weaknesses of studying at home。
【知识点】主旨大意、细节理解、日常生活 (Daily routines)、议论文
5. 【答案】
(1) Since 1989.
(2) A hard life.
(3) Harland Sanders.
(4) In Columbus, Ohio.
(5) He wanted to offer a future for other children.
【解析】
(1) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Since 1989, Dave Thomas, who died at age 69, had been one of the most recognizable faces on TV. He appeared in more than 800 commercials (商业广告) for the hamburger chain named for his daughter. 享年69岁的Dave Thomas自1989年以来一直是电视上最容易辨认的面孔之一。他为这家以他女儿命名的汉堡连锁店拍摄了800多个广告。
因此，正确答案是Since 1989。
(2) 此题是推理判断题。答案出处：Even though he was successful, Thomas remained troubled by his childhood. 尽管Thomas成功了，但他仍然为自己的童年感到烦恼。下文提及他悲苦的童年生活：没有合适的鞋穿导致脚变形、被收养、流浪和被虐待。由此可知他的童年是很艰辛的。
因此，正确答案是A hard life。
(3) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：When he was 24, meeting with Harland Sanders led Thomas to a career as the manager of a Kentucky Fried Chicken restaurant that made him a millionaire in 1968. 当他24岁的时候，与Harland Sanders的会面让Thomas成为了一家肯德基餐厅的经理，并在1968年成为了百万富翁。
因此，正确答案是Harland Sanders。
(4) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：In 1969, after breaking with Sanders, Thomas started the first Wendy's Old Fashioned hamburgers, in Columbus, Ohio, which set itself apart by serving made-to-order burgers. 1969年，在与Sanders分道扬镳后，Thomas在俄亥俄州哥伦布市创办了第一家温迪老式汉堡店，这家店以提供按单定制的汉堡而脱颖而出。
因此，正确答案是In Columbus, Ohio。
(5) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：… felt it could offer a future for other children. He started the Dave Thomas Foundation (基金会) for Adoption in1992. ……觉得这可以为其他孩子提供未来。1992年，他创立了Dave Thomas收养基金会。
因此，正确答案是He wanted to offer a future for other children。
【知识点】记叙文、推理判断、细节理解、其他人 (Other people)
6. 【答案】
(1) Yes.
(2) Four.
(3) To fit a new environment.
(4) At warm and wet places.
(5) What germs are and four main types of germs.
【解析】
(1) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Germs are very small living things. 细菌是非常小的生物。
因此，正确答案是Yes.
(2) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：There are four main types of germs that they can invade (侵入) plants, animals, and people, and sometimes they can make us sick. 有四种主要类型的细菌可以入侵植物、动物和人类，有时它们可以使我们生病。此文介绍了细菌、病毒、真菌和原生动物四种菌。
因此，正确答案是Four.
(3) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Viruses are pretty tricky because they can change quickly to fit a new environment. 病毒非常棘手，因为它们可以迅速改变以适应新环境。
因此，正确答案是To fit a new environment.
(4) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Fungi love warm and wet places. 真菌喜欢温暖潮湿的地方。
因此，正确答案是At warm and wet places.
(5) 此题是主旨大意题。答案出处：Germs are very small living things. They are so small that we cannot see them unless we use a microscope. They are found in all kinds of places, all over the world. There are four main types of germs that they can invade (侵入) plants, animals, and people, and sometimes they can make us sick. 细菌是非常小的生物。它们太小了，除非用显微镜，否则我们是看不见它们的。在世界各地的各种地方都能找到它们。有四种主要类型的细菌可以入侵植物、动物和人类，有时它们可以使我们生病。此文详细介绍了四种类型的菌。
因此，正确答案是What germs are and four main types of germs.
【知识点】主旨大意、细节理解、科普知识 (Popular science)、说明文
7. 【答案】
(1) About 10,500 miles (17,000 km).
(2) Singapore.
(3) Over 200 years ago.
(4) The history of Australian population growth.
(5) They are warm-hearted, open, and humorous.
【解析】
(1) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：If you come from Europe, you will have to travel about 10,500 miles (17,000 km). 如果你来自欧洲，你将不得不走大约10500英里(17000公里)。
因此，正确答案是About 10,500 miles (17,000 km)。
(2) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Perth, the capital of Western Australia, is the most isolated (孤立的) city in the world. It is closer to Singapore than to Sydney, which is about 1,900 miles (3,000 km) away. 西澳大利亚的首府珀斯是世界上最与世隔绝的城市。它离新加坡的距离比离悉尼近，悉尼距离约1900英里(3000公里)。
因此，正确答案是Singapore。
(3) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：The first Europeans came and lived just over 200 years ago. 在200多年前，第一批欧洲人来到这里生活。
因此，正确答案是Over 200 years ago。
(4) 此题是主旨大意题。答案出处：Most countries have probably had population growth, with much the same racial mix. 大多数国家可能都有人口增长，种族混合情况基本相同。后面介绍了澳大利亚人口增长的历史。
因此，正确答案是The history of Australian population growth。
(5) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Australians are generally warm-hearted and open. 澳大利亚人一般都很热心和开放。Australians are also humorous. 澳大利亚人也很幽默。
因此，正确答案是They are warm-hearted, open, and humorous。
【知识点】细节理解、主旨大意、说明文、国家与民族 (Countries and nationalities)
8. 【答案】
(1) Yes.
(2) Adrenaline increases the heart beat and provides more sugar for the muscles.
(3) In order not to become overexcited.
(4) By testing their nervous system.
(5) People with a low excitement level. /People who produce more noradrenaline. /People who produce little saliva when putting lemon juice on their tongues.
【解析】
(1) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：When they studied people who were learning to jump from a plane with a parachute, they found that the parachutists' bodies produced large amounts of two hormones (激素), adrenaline (肾上腺素) and noradrenaline (去甲肾上腺素) , just before they made their jump. 当他们研究那些正在学习用降落伞从飞机上跳下来的人时，他们发现在跳伞之前，跳伞者的身体会产生大量的肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素这两种激素。
因此，正确答案是Yes。
(2) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Adrenaline increases the heart beat and provides more sugar for the muscles (肌肉), while noradrenaline makes us react (反应) more quickly. 肾上腺素会加速心跳，为肌肉提供更多糖分，而去甲肾上腺素则会使我们反应更快。
因此，正确答案是Adrenaline increases the heart beat and provides more sugar for the muscles。
(3) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：They believe that people who have a low level of excitement look for new experiences in order to fire themselves with excitement, but people who usually have a high level of excitement try to avoid risks in order not to become overexcited. 他们认为，低兴奋度的人会寻找新的体验，以激发自己的兴奋感，但通常有高兴奋度的人会试图避免风险，以避免过度兴奋。
因此，正确答案是In order not to become overexcited。
(4) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：So it may be possible to find out your level of excitement by testing your nervous system. 所以有可能通过测试你的神经系统来了解你的兴奋程度。
因此，正确答案是By testing their nervous system。
(5) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：If the psychologists are right, people with a low excitement level are the ones who enjoy taking part in dangerous sports and activities. 如果心理学家是对的，那么低兴奋水平的人就是那些喜欢参加危险运动和活动的人。However, noradrenaline also supplies energy to a part of the brain which controls feelings of pleasure. A feeling of pleasure caused by this hormone makes certain people want to take part in dangerous sports. 然而，去甲肾上腺素也为大脑中控制愉悦感的部分提供能量。这种荷尔蒙产生的愉悦感使某些人想要参加危险的运动。A quick way of doing this is to put some lemon juice on your tongue (舌头). If you produce a lot of saliva (唾液) , your nervous system has been affected(影响) by the lemon and so you probably have a high level of excitement; if you produce little saliva, you probably have a low excitement level. If you have a low level, you might enjoy taking part in risky sports. 一个快速的方法是在你的舌头上放一些柠檬汁。如果你分泌大量唾液，你的神经系统就会受到柠檬的影响，所以你可能会非常兴奋；如果你分泌的唾液很少，你的兴奋程度可能就低。如果你水平不高，你可能会喜欢参加危险的运动。
因此，正确答案是People with a low excitement level. /People who produce more noradrenaline. /People who produce little saliva when putting lemon juice on their tongues。
【知识点】细节理解、科普知识 (Popular science)、说明文
9. 【答案】
(1) At the bottom of a box of old books.
(2) No, he didn't.
(3) At the start of World War Ⅱ.
(4) Because of its encouraging message and its simple design.
(5) 开放性问题。言之成理即可。
【解析】
(1) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：In 2000, they bought a box of old books. When Stuart got them back to the shop, he discovered a poster at the bottom of the box. 2000年，他们买了一箱旧书。当Stuart把它们带回商店时，他在箱子底部发现了一张海报。
因此，正确答案是At the bottom of a box of old books.
(2) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Neither Stuart nor Mary knew anything about the history of the poster, but they liked it so much that they decided to hang the poster in their bookshop. Stuart 和 Mary都不知道这张海报的历史，但他们非常喜欢这张海报，所以决定把它挂在他们的书店里。
因此，正确答案是No, he didn't.
(3) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：At the start of World War Ⅱ, the British government designed three posters and the Keep Calm poster was one of them. 在第二次世界大战Ⅱ开始时，英国政府设计了三幅海报，Keep Calm海报就是其中之一。
因此，正确答案是At the start of World War Ⅱ.
(4) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Besides the encouraging message, the simple design of the poster helped lead to its popularity. 除了鼓舞人心的信息，海报的简单设计也让它大受欢迎。
因此，正确答案是Because of its encouraging message and its simple design.
(5) 题干的要求是：在重要考试前，请改写“保持冷静”的口号来鼓励你的同学。开放性问题。言之成理即可。
【知识点】细节理解、观点态度、说明文、历史 (History)
10. 【答案】
(1) What is art
(2) The two areas of art.
(3) Applied art requires an object to be functional as well as beautiful.
(4) In the 20th century.
(5) Art makes our ordinary, everyday lives a little more special.
【解析】
(1) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：What is art This question has confused great thinkers for centuries. 什么是艺术？这个问题困扰了伟大的思想家几个世纪。
因此，正确答案是What is art
(2) 此题是主旨大意题。答案出处：Art is usually divided into two areas: fine art, such as painting, music and sculpture (雕塑) and applied art (实用美术), such as fashion design, urniture making and gardening. 艺术通常分为两个领域：艺术，如绘画，音乐和雕塑；实用美术，如时装设计，家具制作和园艺。该段还罗列了两个名人对于艺术的看法。故本段主旨是艺术的两个领域。
因此，正确答案是The two areas of art.
(3) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Applied art requires an object to be functional as well as beautiful. 实用美术需要一个物体有功能和有观赏性。
因此，正确答案是Applied art requires an object to be functional as well as beautiful.
(4) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：In the twentieth century, however, artists began to challenge the accepted idea of art. 然而，在二十世纪，艺术家们开始挑战人们所接受的艺术观念。
因此，正确答案是In the 20th century.
(5) 此题是观点态度题。答案出处：Art can make our ordinary, everyday lives a little more special. 艺术可以让我们平凡的日常生活变得更特别。
因此，正确答案是Art makes our ordinary, everyday lives a little more special.
【知识点】细节理解、观点态度、艺术 (Arts)、说明文、主旨大意
11. 【答案】
(1) No.
(2) Because they often over-complicate very simple decisions.
(3) By accepting them peacefully, moving on and trying again. /They should accept them peacefully, move on and try again. /They should never give up.
(4) How to put others first in difficult situations. /Learning self-sacrifice.
(5) Four lessons team sports can teach students. /The benefits of team sports. /What team sports can teach students. /What students can learn from team sports. /Students don't have to be athletic to succeed at sports, and there are countless benefits of team sports for them.
【解析】
(1) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：In fact, no matter they are good at sports or not, there are still benefits to be got from playing team sports! 事实上，不管他们是否擅长运动，参加团队运动还是有好处的！
因此，正确答案是No。
(2) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Making choices can often be difficult for many people since they often over-complicate (过度复杂化) very simple decisions. 对许多人来说，做出选择往往是一件困难的事情，因为他们常常把非常简单的决定过度复杂化。
因此，正确答案是Because they often over-complicate very simple decisions。
(3) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处；To deal with those losses, students should accept them peacefully, move on and try again! Team sports teach students that great comebacks do happen and a loss is never final if they refuse to give up! 为了应对这些失败，学生们应该平静地接受它们，继续前进，再试一次！团队运动告诉学生们，如果他们拒绝放弃，伟大的回归确实会发生，失败永远不是最终的！
因此，正确答案是By accepting them peacefully, moving on and trying again。/They should accept them peacefully, move on and try again。/They should never give up。
(4) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Perhaps the most important lesson that team sports can teach students is how to put others first in difficult situations. 也许团队运动能教给学生的最重要的一课是如何在困难的情况下把别人放在第一位。Learning self-sacrifice (自我奉献) is a lesson that students will certainly carry throughout the course of their life! 学习自我牺牲是学生一生都要上的一课！
因此，正确答案是How to put others first in difficult situations. /Learning self-sacrifice。
(5) 此题是主旨大意题。答案出处：全文。本文通过四个课程来教会学生要看长远点、果断、不要放弃和乐于奉献。
因此，正确答案是Four lessons team sports can teach students。/The benefits of team sports。/What team sports can teach students。/What students can learn from team sports。/Students don't have to be athletic to succeed at sports, and there are countless benefits of team sports for them。
【知识点】主旨大意、细节理解、运动 (Sports and exercise)、说明文
12. 【答案】
(1) It ends on April 4 this year.
(2) It refers to standing an egg upright.
(3) By writing their medical problems on paper kites.
(4) Because they want to express their gratefulness.
(5) Three things/ customs related to the Spring Equinox.
【解析】
(1) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：The Spring Equinox (春分), as the fourth term of the year starts on March 21 and ends on April 4 this year. 春分是一年中的第四个节气，今年开始于3月21日，结束于4月4日。
因此，正确答案是It ends on April 4 this year.
(2) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Standing an egg upright is a popular game across the country during the Spring Equinox. It is an old custom that dates back to 4000 years ago. People practice this tradition to celebrate the coming of spring. 春分期间，竖蛋是全国流行的一种游戏。这是一个可以追溯到4000年前的古老习俗。人们通过这个传统来庆祝春天的到来。
因此，正确答案是It refers to standing an egg upright.
(3) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处： So to pray for health, they wrote their medical problems on paper kites. 为了祈求健康，他们在纸风筝上写下自己的健康问题。
因此，正确答案是By writing their medical problems on paper kites.
(4) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Farmers will reward cattle with sticky rice balls to express their gratefulness. 农民们会用糯米团奖励牛来表达他们的感激之情。
因此，正确答案是Because they want to express their gratefulness.
(5) 此题是主旨大意题。此文介绍了春分的三个习俗：立蛋游戏、放风筝、奖励耕牛。
因此，正确答案是Three things/ customs related to the Spring Equinox.
【知识点】主旨大意、细节理解、说明文、社会文化 (Social Culture)
13. 【答案】
(1) 355 million.
(2) By writing about a happy place with simple worries.
(3) The importance of a person's inner worth.
(4) When Schulz learned his cancer was serious.
(5) Because he spent his whole life writing and his positive works influenced many people all over the world.
【解析】
(1) 本文介绍了著名的漫画家査尔斯·舒尔茨的情况。文中介绍了为什么近 50 年来，舒尔茨的连环画《花生收藏》一直是世界上最著名的漫画。舒尔茨去世的时间，每天的读者量，他永远被世界各地的年轻人铭记的原因。
细节理解题。由句子 It has 355 million daily readers in 75 countries. 可知，它在 75 个国家每天有 3 亿 5500 万名读者。
(2) 细节理解题。由句子 Instead, he always brought readers into a joyful world by writing about a happy place with simple worries. 相反，他总是写一个简单的烦恼的快乐的地方，把读者带进一个快乐的世界。
(3) 细节理解题。由句子 He taught them the importance of a person's inner worth. 可知，他教会他们一个人内在价值的重要性。
(4) 推理判断题。由句子 When Schulz learned his cancer was senous, he was forced to give up the job he loved—writing the Peanuts cartoons. 可知，当舒尔茨得知他的癌症严重的时候，才停止了漫画的绘画。
(5) 推理判断题。由句子 Jill said her father enjoyed spending his whole life writing to make people happy. 和句子 Charles Schulz put a little comedy into our often-stressful world. 可知，他一生都在写作，他的积极作品对全世界的许多人都有影响。
【知识点】记叙文、细节理解、著名人物 (Famous people)
一、阅读理解题
May 12th—International Nurses Day is an important date to all nurses. The tireless efforts of nurses all over the world are celebrated every year on May 12th, because it is the anniversary (周年纪念日) of the birth of Florence Nightingale, who is widely considered the founder of modern nursing.
Nurses are appreciated (感激) in many different ways on International Nurses Day, also called IND. People are encouraged to take time to thank a nurse who has been there for them or their loved ones during days of sickness. Do you know the history of International Nurses Day
It all began in 1953, when Dorothy Sutherland, an official with the U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, asked President Dwight D. Eisenhower to proclaim (宣布) a Nurses Day. However, he did not do so at that time. The International Council of Nurses has celebrated on May 12th since 1965. In January 1974, this day was finally officially made International Nurses Day.
Because this day is all about celebrating nurses' endless contributions (贡献) to society, taking this opportunity to show a nurse who has taken care of you how much you appreciate him or her is very meaningful on this day. If you are feeling especially grateful for the way a certain nurse took care of you (fed you, brought you a blanket, monitored your vital signs, made sure you were getting the right pills, changed your wound dressings, helped you get to the bathroom, let you cry on his or her shoulder, or any of the hundreds of other things nurses do), May 12th is the day to show that gratitude (感谢). So take a trip down to the hospital with a box of chocolates, a bouquet of flowers, or anything else you think that particular nurse might like.
Some people, after having spent months in the hospital with a serious condition, decide to order pizza or cake for the entire medical team that was looking after them, a gesture that team is guaranteed (肯定的) to remember you for forever, if you should decide on it. However, as mentioned before, it's the thought that counts the most. A nurse's main goal is to help you get through treatment and get better, so just knowing he or she succeeded is a reward in itself.
(1) When is International Nurses Day
(2) What are people encouraged to do on International Nurses Day
(3) What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
(4) Why do people take a trip down to the hospital with chocolates or flowers on May 12th
(5) What is a nurse's main goal
The Night the Earth Didn't Sleep
Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. For several days, the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. There were deep cracks (裂缝) that appeared in the well walls. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide, and fish jumped out of the water. At about 3:00 a.m., on 28 July 1976, bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard. But the city's one million people were asleep as usual that night.
At 3:42 a.m., everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! Eleven kilometers directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage (损坏) more than 150 kilometers away in Beijing. Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it! A huge crack, eight kilometers long and 30 meters wide, cut across houses, roads, and waterways. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins. Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. Thousands of children were left without parents. The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.
Everywhere survivors (幸存者) looked, there was nothing but ruins. Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. People were in shock—and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again. Even more buildings fell down. People began to wonder how long the disaster (灾难) would last.
But hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped. Water and food were brought into the city by train, truck, and plane. Slowly, the city began to breathe again.
Tangshan started to get back up on its feet. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. Tangshan city has proved to the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
(1) What does the writer want to tell us in the first paragraph
(2) On which day did the earthquake happen
(3) How much was the city destroyed
(4) Did people lose hope
(5) What has Tangshan city proved to the world
Arbor Day: Day of Trees
Nebraska was covered with few trees many years ago. The pioneers had trouble in getting enough to build houses. There was no shade from the sun or wind, and crops (庄稼) didn't grow well in the dry earth. So the idea for Arbor Day formed there.
Fortunately, among those moving into Nebraska in 1854 was J. Sterling Morton. He and his wife were nature lovers, and the home they built in Nebraska was quickly planted with trees and flowers. Morton was a reporter of Nebraska's first newspaper; then he became a member of the Nebraska State Board of Agriculture (农业委员会).
On January 4, 1872, Morton first proposed (提议) a tree-planting holiday to be called "Arbor Day" at a meeting of the State Board of Agriculture. The date was set for April 10, 1872. It was estimated (估计) that more than one million trees were planted in Nebraska on the first Arbor Day.
In the years following the Arbor Day, his ideas spread to Kansas, Tennessee, Minnesota and Ohio. Today all 50 states have their own Day of Trees in keeping with local weather.
Hawaii celebrates it in November, while Alaska in May! More interesting, each state has a special "state tree". The "state tree" for Nebraska is cottonwood, for Alaska is Sitka Spruce.
Arbor Day is of American origin (起源) and the idea has spread widely to other lands where it is observed as the "Greening Week" of Japan, "The New Year's Days of Trees" in Israel, "The tree-loving Week" of Korea, and "The National Festival of Tree Planting" in India. Arbor Day in its various forms is now recognized in more than fifty countries. China spends "Tree-planting Day" on March 12.
We have known a lot about Arbor Day. So we should get into action and ask as many people as possible to gather and recycle paper. Then we can use what we earn from the waste paper to buy a special tree to plant in a park or other public places. It is an act of kindness, a labor of love and a duty as citizens. Anyone can do it.
(1) Where did Arbor Day start from
(2) When did Morton first suggest Arbor Day
(3) What is Alaska's state tree
(4) How many countries have recognized Arbor Day
(5) What is the last paragraph mainly about
Stay Home Studying
17-year-old Liu Yu was a high school student in China. She planned to go back to school on Feb. 17 to prepare for the 2020 college entrance examination (高考). However, the Ministry of Education (教育部) told people in late January that the spring term for all schools would be put off because of the serious disease (疾病) in China. So Liu Yu, like all the other students, had to stay at home.
However, Liu and her classmates didn't fell behind their plans and began studying full-time again—only from home. It may have become the largest online teaching experiment the country has ever seen.
To go with students' new learning environment, a "cloud platform (云平台)" was started using on Feb. 17. It provided students with education resources (资源) covering all school subjects. But some students had difficulty going to the website or using smart phones. A TV channel by China Education Television started airing classes on Feb. 17. So students could have classes and study online or on TV at home.
But the online platform and TV channel don't just offer school knowledge. Students can also learn how to protect themselves from the disease and psychological (心理) health during this period, according to the Ministry of Education.
For some students, the chance to study from home has had some unexpected benefits. Yuan Siyi, who lives in Hubei province, used to get up before 6 a.m. on school days, but since starting online courses, she got more hours of sleep every morning. "I like online teaching because I have more freedom at home," Yuan told TEENS. She began her all-day courses on Feb. 3.
However, online teaching and learning has its weaknesses compared to studying in a traditional classroom. "My motivation (动力) to study is stronger when my classmates are around me and all working very hard," Yuan said.
According to the Ministry of Education, online courses are just a short-time way of learning during the disease. When the new term begins, schools will no longer use online classes instead of classroom teaching.
(1) When did Liu Yu plan to go back to school
(2) Did Liu Yu begin her full-time study from home
(3) How did students have classes and study at home
(4) What can students learn except school knowledge during this period
(5) What is Paragraph 5 and 6 mainly about
Since 1989, Dave Thomas, who died at age 69, had been one of the most recognizable faces on TV. He appeared in more than 800 commercials (商业广告) for the hamburger chain named for his daughter. "As long as it works. " he said in 1991. "I'll continue to do those commercials."
Even though he was successful, Thomas remained troubled by his childhood. "He still won't let anyone see his feet, which are out of shape because he never had proper fitting shoes," Wendy said in 1993. Born to a single mother, he was adopted (收养) as a baby by Rex and Auleva Thomas of Kalamazoo in Michigan. After Auleva died when he was 5, Thomas spent years on the road as Rex traveled around seeking construction work. "He fed me," Thomas said, "and if I got out of line, he'd beat me."
Moving out on his own at 15, Thomas worked, first as a waiter, in many restaurants. But he had something much better in mind. "I thought if I owned a restaurant," he said, "I could eat for free." When he was 24, meeting with Harland Sanders led Thomas to a career as the manager of a Kentucky Fried Chicken restaurant that made him a millionaire in 1968.
In 1969, after breaking with Sanders, Thomas started the first Wendy's Old Fashioned hamburgers, in Columbus, Ohio, which set itself apart by serving made-to-order burgers. With 6,000 restaurants worldwide, the chain now makes $6 billion a year in sales.
Although troubled by his own experience with adoption, Thomas, married since 1954 to Lorraine, 66, and with four grown kids besides Wendy, felt it could offer a future for other children. He started the Dave Thomas Foundation (基金会) for Adoption in1992.
In 1993, Thomas, who had left school at 15, graduated from Coconut Creek High School in Florida. He even took Lorraine to the graduation dance party. The kids voted him Most Likely to Succeed.
"The Dave you saw on TV was the real Dave," says friend Pat Williams, "He wasn't a great actor or a great speaker. He was just Joe Everybody."
(1) When did Dave Thomas begin to do commercials for the hamburger chain
(2) Did Dave Thomas live a happy life or a hard life when he was young？
(3) Who led Dave Thomas to success
(4) Where did Thomas start the first Wendy's Old Fashioned hamburgers
(5) Why did he start the Dave Thomas Foundation for Adoption in 1992
Germs are very small living things. They are so small that we cannot see them unless we use a microscope. They are found in all kinds of places, all over the world. There are four main types of germs that they can invade (侵入) plants, animals, and people, and sometimes they can make us sick.
Bacteria (细菌) live just about everywhere on earth. Not all bacteria are bad. Some of them are good for our bodies. They help us keep things in balance. Good bacteria live in our bodies and help us use the nutrients in the food we eat and make waste from what's left over. We couldn't make the most of a healthy meal without these important helper germs! On the other hand, there are several types of bad bacteria, including those that cause sore throats.
Viruses (病毒) need a host to keep living. They need to be inside a place of a living plant or animal, including humans, or even inside a bacterium! Whatever a virus lives in is called its host. Once a virus finds the perfect host, the goal is to reproduce and spread. Viruses are pretty tricky because they can change quickly to fit a new environment. When viruses get inside people's bodies, they can spread and make people sick.
Fungi (真菌) are kind of like plants. Unlike other plants, fungi cannot make their own food from soil, water, and air. Fungi love warm and wet places. Most fungi are harmless. The kind that can grow on your skin can be treated. It probably won't hurt you, but it is really make you uncomfortable.
Protozoa (原生动物) are extremely small. Most of them live in water. Some protozoa actually eat bacteria and they are good because they also eat the waste of other small living things. Some protozoa are bad, and they live off of other living things, sometimes humans. For example, if a person drinks unclean water, protozoa may cause health problems.
(1) Are germs small
(2) How many germs are mentioned in the passage
(3) Why can viruses change quickly
(4) Where do fungi love to stay
(5) What does the passage mainly talk about
What makes Australia different First, if you are traveling from Southeast Asia, you will cover about 4,500 miles (7,240 km). If you are from the Americas or South Africa, you will cover about 9,000 miles (14,500 km). If you come from Europe, you will have to travel about 10,500 miles (17,000 km). It is not just a quick crossing by boat, or a walk over a bridge. It is a long way to "Down Under". So there are surely to be cultural as well as geographical differences.
And then there is the size of it. It's a long way from one side to the other. Perth, the capital of Western Australia, is the most isolated (孤立的) city in the world. It is closer to Singapore than to Sydney, which is about 1,900 miles (3,000 km) away.
Most countries have probably had population growth, with much the same racial mix. for hundreds of years. Apart, of course, from the Aborigines (土著), who have been there for over 5,000 years. Australians have not been there long. The first Europeans came and lived just over 200 years ago. Most other foreigners arrived less than 50 years ago. Australia's population has doubled since 1957, transforming what was perhaps one of the most boring nations to one of the most exciting, with many interesting differences of culture and custom.
Australians are generally warm-hearted and open. Perhaps they have taken the best from other foreign cultures, mixing them with the best of Aboriginal and early foreign cultures. Australians are also humorous. You are expected to be the same. It is said in Australia that all visitors must be able to take a joke. Learn to laugh at yourself, your country, and so on. And if you really want to be a social hit, tell jokes about yourself, your country, and the way you speak. There is almost nothing that cannot be laughed at. The important things in life such as traditions (like public festivals) are taken very lightly. Sport, however, is taken very seriously!
Today, Australia has one of the world's highest standards of living, fine food and wine, a great sporting tradition, a colorful and high culture, and an affection for visitors.
(1) How far will visitors travel from Europe to Australia
(2) Which is closer to Perth, Singapore or Sydney
(3) When did the first Europeans come to Australia
(4) What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
(5) According to Paragraph 4, what are Australians like
Psychologists (心理学家) are interested in the reasons why some people like taking part in risky sports.
When they studied people who were learning to jump from a plane with a parachute, they found that the parachutists' bodies produced large amounts of two hormones (激素), adrenaline (肾上腺素) and noradrenaline (去甲肾上腺素) , just before they made their jump. These hormones help to prepare us for any sudden activity. Adrenaline increases the heart beat and provides more sugar for the muscles (肌肉), while noradrenaline makes us react (反应) more quickly. However, noradrenaline also supplies energy to a part of the brain which controls feelings of pleasure. A feeling of pleasure caused by this hormone makes certain people want to take part in dangerous sports.
Another possible reason is the level of excitement in part of the brain. According to some psychologists, the brain tries to manage a certain level of excitement. They believe that people who have a low level of excitement look for new experiences in order to fire themselves with excitement, but people who usually have a high level of excitement try to avoid risks in order not to become overexcited. If the psychologists are right, people with a low excitement level are the ones who enjoy taking part in dangerous sports and activities.
It is thought that people with low levels of excitement have a slower-reacting nervous system than people with higher levels. So it may he possible to find out your level of excitement by testing your nervous system. A quick way of doing this is to put some lemon juice on your tongue (舌头). If you produce a lot of saliva (唾液) , your nervous system has been affected(影响) by the lemon and so you probably have a high level of excitement; if you produce little saliva, you probably have a low excitement level. If you have a low level, you might enjoy taking part in risky sports. However, this does not mean that you have to try parachuting!
(1) Did the parachutists' bodies produce large amounts of adrenaline and noradrenaline before they made their jump
(2) What does adrenaline increase and provide
(3) Why do people with a high level of excitement try to avoid risks
(4) How can people find out their level of excitement
(5) Who may enjoy taking part in risky activities
Keep Calm and Carry On
Stuart Manley and his wife, Mary, run a second-hand bookshop called Barter Books in Alnwick, Northumberland. In 2000, they bought a box of old books. When Stuart got them back to the shop, he discovered a poster at the bottom of the box. The poster read "Keep Calm and Carry On". Neither Stuart nor Mary knew anything about the history of the poster, but they liked it so much that they decided to hang the poster in their bookshop.
At the start of World War Ⅱ, the British government designed three posters and the Keep Calm poster was one of them. Two of the three posters were released (展开) in public in order to encourage the British people. Although nearly 2.5 million copies of the Keep Calm poster had been printed, the British government decided not to release them. In 1940, most of the copies were recycled into other paper products. Only a few were left.
The poster started its second life when Manley's poster began attracting the attention of customers in his shop. He printed copies of the poster to sell. Soon other companies began to sell products with the slogan (标语). It appeared on everything from mugs to shopping bags.
The reasons for the popularity of this rediscovered poster aren't hard to understand. Shortly after the poster made its appearance in 2000, a worldwide economic (经济的) downturn began. People were in need of something to raise their spirits. The saying "Keep Calm and Carry On" seems to be the perfect slogan to bring courage and hope to people. Besides the encouraging message, the simple design of the poster helped lead to its popularity.
Today the now-famous wartime slogan has been rewritten in many fun ways. Some people have created phrases like "Keep Calm and Dance On" "Keep Calm and Call Mom" or "Keep Calm and Eat a Cupcake". The slogan has become part of popular culture. The explanations of the slogan are often lighthearted, but it is important to remember its purpose when it was first designed.
(1) Where did Stuart discover the poster
(2) Did Stuart know anything about the history of the poster when it was discovered
(3) When was the poster first designed
(4) Why did the poster become popular
(5) Please rewrite the Keep Calm slogan to encourage your classmates before an important exam.
Marcel Duchamp with his bicycle wheel
What is art This question has confused great thinkers for centuries. In fact, there is disagreement about exactly what art is. Most of us would agree that Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa is art, but what about a video game One dictionary states that art is "making objects, images or music, etc. that are beautiful or that express certain feelings." This, however, could be regarded as too general a definition (定义).
Art is usually divided into two areas: fine art, such as painting, music and sculpture (雕塑) and applied art (实用美术), such as fashion design, urniture making and gardening. According to Aristotle, fine art is something which has a conceptual function (概念功能). He noted that artists produced objects, drama and music which showed their emotions and ideas, rather than just trying to offer a true image of nature. Andy Warhol, the American artist famous for his Pop Art in the 1960s, once said, "An artist produces things that people don't need to have." This is the biggest difference between fine and applied art. Applied art requires an object to be functional as well asbeautiful.
In the twentieth century, however, artists began to challenge the accepted idea of art. The French artist Marcel Duchamp changed people's understanding of what sculpture was by mounting a bicycle wheel upside down on a stool in 1913 and calling it art. In 2002, Japanese artist Yayoi Kusama created an art work that required the public's involvement. In this work, visitors were asked to cover a white room that had white furniture and objects in it, with many colorful sticker dots (圆形贴纸). He once said, "Everything an artist produces is art".
Today, we can see examples of art all around us which are not expensive. Many towns and cities have public art which can be enjoyed by all. Some museums, like the National Art Museum of China in Beijing, have no entrance fee. Others are free for children and students. Street art is also popular in different neighborhoods around the world.
Art can make our ordinary, everyday lives a little more special. This idea may not work for all art, but perhaps we can agree that it is a goal towards which all artists should work.
(1) What question has confused great thinkers for centuries
(2) What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
(3) What does applied art require according to this passage
(4) When did artists begin to challenge the accepted idea of art
(5) What's the writer's opinion on art
Studies have shown that when students join in team sports, their overall educational experience is greatly improved. In fact, no matter they are good at sports or not, there are still benefits to be got from playing team sports! Here are four lessons team sports can teach students.
Have a Bigger Picture
At some point in life, everyone goes through challenges. People may think that the choices they make only affect themselves, but as it turns out, that simply isn't true! Team sports teach students about friendship and a sense of belonging to something bigger than themselves. When they play sports on a team, they quickly learn that every choice they make has an influence on their teammates and their opponents (对手)!
Be Decisive
Making choices can often be difficult for many people since they often over-complicate (过度复杂化) very simple decisions. Playing team sports gets students to reason and come to a decision faster than they might in their day-to-day life. And then, making quick decisions can help students develop a sense of self-confidence.
Never Give Up
It's always exciting to win in life, but sometimes the greater lessons come from losses in team sports games. To deal with those losses, students should accept them peacefully, move on and try again! Team sports teach students that great comebacks do happen and a loss is never final if they refuse to give up!
Put Others First
Perhaps the most important lesson that team sports can teach students is how to put others first in difficult situations. Sometimes, they may have to be ready for being second-best for the greater good, because there is often more at play than they can see at first. Sometimes the most pleasing choice students can make is the one to help others even when it is inconvenient. Learning self-sacrifice (自我奉献) is a lesson that students will certainly carry throughout the course of their life!
Students don't have to be athletic to succeed at sports, and there are countless benefits of team sports for them.
(1) Do students need to be good at sports in order to benefit from team sports
(2) Why do many people find it difficult to make choices
(3) How should students deal with losses in team sports games
(4) What is probably the most important lesson students can learn from team sports
(5) What's the main idea of this passage
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms. The Spring Equinox (春分), as the fourth term of the year starts on March 21 and ends on April 4 this year. The Spring Equinox signals the equal length of the day and night time. Here are things you may not know about the Spring Equinox.
Egg-standing games
Standing an egg upright is a popular game across the country during the Spring Equinox. It is an old custom that dates back to 4000 years ago. People practice this tradition to celebrate the coming of spring. It is believed that if someone can make the egg stand, he will have good luck in the future.
Flying kites
Spring Equinox is a good time to fly kites. In ancient times, people did not have good medical resources. So to pray for health, they wrote their medical problems on paper kites. When the kite was in the air, people would cut off the string to let the paper kite float away, symbolizing the flying away of diseases.
Reward farm cattle
This practice is popular in the southern area of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. As the Spring Equinox comes, farm work starts and both the farmers and the cattle start to become busy. Farmers will reward cattle with sticky rice balls to express their gratefulness. Meanwhile, people will also make sacrifice to birds, to thank them for bringing signals for farm work and to ask them not to eat grains later in the year.
(1) When does the Spring Equinox end this year
(2) What do the underlined words "this tradition" in the second paragraph refer to
(3) In ancient times, how did people pray for health
(4) Why do farmers reward cattle with sticky rice balls
(5) What does the passage mainly talk about
Cartoonist: Charles Schulz
Charles Schulz is a true hero. For nearly 50 years, Schulz's comic strip, the Peanuts collection, has been the most well-known cartoon in the world. It has 355 million daily readers in 75 countries. On February 13th, 2000, Schulz died of cancer. But he will always be remembered by people old and young worldwide.
In Schulz's works, he always stayed positive. He tried to give readers a happy feeling. Kids like Peanuts because the characters live a simple life and go through the same troubles as they do. He did not pick out stressful topics of the day. Instead, he always brought readers into a joyful world by writing about a happy place with simple worries. Schulz was also a good father of four children. It's said that he never failed to stop his work to play a pick-up baseball game or have lunch with his family. He was always very involved in his children's lives and supported their decisions. He taught them the importance of a person's inner worth. His family describes Schulz as a man with the fewest needs.
His youngest daughter Jill, said, "He's a fighter, but he always has bad luck." When Schulz learned his cancer was senous, he was forced to give up the job he loved—writing the Peanuts cartoons. Unluckily, Schulz died the night before the last strip of his comics came out in the Sunday papers. Some might say this was unlucky, but Jill said her father enjoyed spending his whole life writing to make people happy.
Charles Schulz put a little comedy into our often-stressful world. He will be remembered as the world's favorite cartoonist. "You're a good man, Charles Schulz!"
(1) How many daily readers does the Peanuts collection have
(2) How did Schulz bring readers into a joyful world
(3) What did Schulz teach his children
(4) When was Schulz forced to give up the job he loved
(5) Why is Charles Schulz a true hero
答案
一、阅读理解题（共13题）
1. 【答案】
(1) May 12th./ It's on May 12th.
(2) People are encouraged to take time to thank a nurse who has been there for them or their loved ones during days of sickness.
(3) It's about the history of International Nurses Day./ How International Nurses Day started.
(4) Because they want to show their gratitude./ To show their gratitude.
(5) A nurse's main goal is to help you get through treatment and get better./To help you get through treatment and get better.
【解析】
(1) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：May 12th—International Nurses Day is an important date to all nurses. 5月12日国际护士节对所有的护士来说都是一个重要的日子。
因此，正确答案是May 12th./ It's on May 12th.
(2) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：People are encouraged to take time to thank a nurse who has been there for them or their loved ones during days of sickness. 人们被鼓励花时间感谢在他们或他们的亲人生病期间陪伴在他们身边的护士。
因此，正确答案是People are encouraged to take time to thank a nurse who has been there for them or their loved ones during days of sickness.
(3) 此题是主旨大意题。答案出处：第三段。1953年，当时一名官员请求总统设立一个护士节，但并未成功。自1965年以来，国际护士理事会一直在5月12日庆祝。1974年1月，这一天终于正式成为国际护士节。由此可知该段主旨是国际护士节的历史/国际护士节是怎么开始的。
因此，正确答案是It's about the history of International Nurses Day./ How International Nurses Day started.
(4) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：…May 12th is the day to show that gratitude (感谢). So take a trip down to the hospital with a box of chocolates, a bouquet of flowers, or anything else you think that particular nurse might like. 5月12日是表达感激之情的一天。所以带着一盒巧克力、一束花或者任何你认为那个护士可能喜欢的东西去一趟医院。
因此，正确答案是Because they want to show their gratitude./ To show their gratitude.
(5) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：A nurse's main goal is to help you get through treatment and get better, so just knowing he or she succeeded is a reward in itself. 护士的主要目标是帮助你度过治疗并身体变得更好，所以仅仅知道他或她成功本身就是一种奖励。
因此，正确答案是A nurse's main goal is to help you get through treatment and get better./To help you get through treatment and get better.
【知识点】细节理解、节日与假日 (Festivals and holidays)、主旨大意、说明文
2. 【答案】
(1) Warning signs before the earthquake.
(2) On 28 July, 1976.
(3) Nearly everything.
(4) No, they didn't.
(5) In times of disaster, people must unify and show wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
【解析】
(1) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. 河北东北部的农村发生了一些奇怪的事情。该段详细介绍了这些奇怪的事情是什么，接着介绍发生了地震。故在该段作者想告诉我们的是地震前的警告信号。
因此，正确答案是Warning signs before the earthquake.
(2) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：At about 3:00 a.m., on 28 July 1976, bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard. 1976年7月28日凌晨3点左右，唐山市外的天空中出现了明亮的光，并听到了巨大的声响。At 3:42 a.m., everything began to shake. 凌晨3点42分，一切都开始摇晃。
因此，正确答案是On 28 July, 1976.
(3) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. 城里几乎所有的东西都被摧毁了。
因此，正确答案是Nearly everything.
(4) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：But hope was not lost. 但是希望并没有消失。
因此，正确答案是No, they didn't.
(5) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Tangshan city has proved to the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future. 唐山市已经向世界证明，在灾难的时刻，人们必须团结起来，展现出保持积极向上的智慧，为了更光明的未来重建家园。
因此，正确答案是In times of disaster, people must unify and show wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
【知识点】记叙文、细节理解、自然灾害 (Natural disasters)
3. 【答案】
(1) Nebraska. /Nebraska in the USA.
(2) On January 4, 1872.
(3) Sitka Spruce.
(4) More than /Over fifty countries.
(5) What we should do to celebrate Arbor Day. /What actions we should take for Arbor Day.
【解析】
(1) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Nebraska was covered with few trees many years ago. The pioneers had trouble in getting enough to build houses. There was no shade from the sun or wind, and crops (庄稼) didn't grow well in the dry earth. So the idea for Arbor Day formed there. 许多年前，内布拉斯加州树木稀少。拓荒者们很难弄到足够的树木盖房子。那里没有遮阳避风的地方，庄稼在干燥的土地上长得不好。所以Arbor Day（植树节）的想法就在那里形成了。
因此，正确答案是Nebraska. /Nebraska in the USA.
(2) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：On January 4, 1872, Morton first proposed (提议) a tree-planting holiday to be called "Arbor Day" at a meeting of the State Board of Agriculture. 在1872年1月4日，莫顿在州农业委员会的一次会议上首次提议设立一个叫“Arbor Day”的植树节。
因此，正确答案是On January 4, 1872.
(3) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：The "state tree" for Nebraska is cottonwood, for Alaska is Sitka Spruce. 内布拉斯加州的“州树”是杨木，阿拉斯加的“州树”是云杉。
因此，正确答案是Sitka Spruce.
(4) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Arbor Day in its various forms is now recognized in more than fifty countries. 植树节的形式多种多样，现已在五十多个国家得到认可。
因此，正确答案是More than /Over fifty countries.
(5) 此题是主旨大意题。答案出处：We have known a lot about Arbor Day. So we should get into action and ask as many people as possible to gather and recycle paper. Then we can use what we earn from the waste paper to buy a special tree to plant in a park or other public places. It is an act of kindness, a labor of love and a duty as citizens. Anyone can do it. 我们已经了解了很多关于植树节的事情。所以我们应该行动起来，要求尽可能多的人收集和回收纸张。然后我们可以用我们从废纸赚到的钱去买一棵特殊的树种植在公园或其他公共场所。这是一种善举，是一种爱心的劳动，是公民的义务。任何人都能做到。故该段讲述的是植树节的活动。
因此，正确答案是What we should do to celebrate Arbor Day. /What actions we should take for Arbor Day.
【知识点】记叙文、主旨大意、细节理解、节日与假日 (Festivals and holidays)
4. 【答案】
(1) On Feb. 17.
(2) Yes./ Yes, she did.
(3) Online or on TV.
(4) How to protect themselves from the disease and psychological health.
(5) The benefit and weaknesses of studying at home.
【解析】
(1) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：She planned to go back to school on Feb. 17 to prepare for the 2020 college entrance examination (高考). 她计划2月17日回到学校，为2020年高考做准备。
因此，正确答案是On Feb. 17。
(2) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：However, Liu and her classmates didn't fell behind their plans and began studying full-time again—only from home. 然而，Liu和同学们并没有落后于自己的计划，他们重新开始了全日制学习——只是在家学习。
因此，正确答案是Yes。/Yes, she did。
(3) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：So students could have classes and study online or on TV at home. 因此，学生可以在家用网络或电视上课学习。
因此，正确答案是Online or on TV。
(4) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：But the online platform and TV channel don't just offer school knowledge. Students can also learn how to protect themselves from the disease and psychological (心理) health during this period, according to the Ministry of Education. 但网络平台和电视频道不仅仅提供学校知识。教育部表示，学生还可以在这段时间学习如何保护自己免受疾病和心理健康。
因此，正确答案是How to protect themselves from the disease and psychological health。
(5) 此题是主旨大意题。答案出处：For some students, the chance to study from home has had some unexpected benefits. 对于一些学生来说，在家学习的机会带来了一些意想不到的好处。However, online teaching and learning has its weaknesses compared to studying in a traditional classroom. 然而，与传统的课堂学习相比，在线教学有其缺点。由此可知这两段主要讲在家学习的利与弊。
因此，正确答案是The benefit and weaknesses of studying at home。
【知识点】主旨大意、细节理解、日常生活 (Daily routines)、议论文
5. 【答案】
(1) Since 1989.
(2) A hard life.
(3) Harland Sanders.
(4) In Columbus, Ohio.
(5) He wanted to offer a future for other children.
【解析】
(1) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Since 1989, Dave Thomas, who died at age 69, had been one of the most recognizable faces on TV. He appeared in more than 800 commercials (商业广告) for the hamburger chain named for his daughter. 享年69岁的Dave Thomas自1989年以来一直是电视上最容易辨认的面孔之一。他为这家以他女儿命名的汉堡连锁店拍摄了800多个广告。
因此，正确答案是Since 1989。
(2) 此题是推理判断题。答案出处：Even though he was successful, Thomas remained troubled by his childhood. 尽管Thomas成功了，但他仍然为自己的童年感到烦恼。下文提及他悲苦的童年生活：没有合适的鞋穿导致脚变形、被收养、流浪和被虐待。由此可知他的童年是很艰辛的。
因此，正确答案是A hard life。
(3) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：When he was 24, meeting with Harland Sanders led Thomas to a career as the manager of a Kentucky Fried Chicken restaurant that made him a millionaire in 1968. 当他24岁的时候，与Harland Sanders的会面让Thomas成为了一家肯德基餐厅的经理，并在1968年成为了百万富翁。
因此，正确答案是Harland Sanders。
(4) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：In 1969, after breaking with Sanders, Thomas started the first Wendy's Old Fashioned hamburgers, in Columbus, Ohio, which set itself apart by serving made-to-order burgers. 1969年，在与Sanders分道扬镳后，Thomas在俄亥俄州哥伦布市创办了第一家温迪老式汉堡店，这家店以提供按单定制的汉堡而脱颖而出。
因此，正确答案是In Columbus, Ohio。
(5) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：… felt it could offer a future for other children. He started the Dave Thomas Foundation (基金会) for Adoption in1992. ……觉得这可以为其他孩子提供未来。1992年，他创立了Dave Thomas收养基金会。
因此，正确答案是He wanted to offer a future for other children。
【知识点】记叙文、推理判断、细节理解、其他人 (Other people)
6. 【答案】
(1) Yes.
(2) Four.
(3) To fit a new environment.
(4) At warm and wet places.
(5) What germs are and four main types of germs.
【解析】
(1) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Germs are very small living things. 细菌是非常小的生物。
因此，正确答案是Yes.
(2) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：There are four main types of germs that they can invade (侵入) plants, animals, and people, and sometimes they can make us sick. 有四种主要类型的细菌可以入侵植物、动物和人类，有时它们可以使我们生病。此文介绍了细菌、病毒、真菌和原生动物四种菌。
因此，正确答案是Four.
(3) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Viruses are pretty tricky because they can change quickly to fit a new environment. 病毒非常棘手，因为它们可以迅速改变以适应新环境。
因此，正确答案是To fit a new environment.
(4) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Fungi love warm and wet places. 真菌喜欢温暖潮湿的地方。
因此，正确答案是At warm and wet places.
(5) 此题是主旨大意题。答案出处：Germs are very small living things. They are so small that we cannot see them unless we use a microscope. They are found in all kinds of places, all over the world. There are four main types of germs that they can invade (侵入) plants, animals, and people, and sometimes they can make us sick. 细菌是非常小的生物。它们太小了，除非用显微镜，否则我们是看不见它们的。在世界各地的各种地方都能找到它们。有四种主要类型的细菌可以入侵植物、动物和人类，有时它们可以使我们生病。此文详细介绍了四种类型的菌。
因此，正确答案是What germs are and four main types of germs.
【知识点】主旨大意、细节理解、科普知识 (Popular science)、说明文
7. 【答案】
(1) About 10,500 miles (17,000 km).
(2) Singapore.
(3) Over 200 years ago.
(4) The history of Australian population growth.
(5) They are warm-hearted, open, and humorous.
【解析】
(1) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：If you come from Europe, you will have to travel about 10,500 miles (17,000 km). 如果你来自欧洲，你将不得不走大约10500英里(17000公里)。
因此，正确答案是About 10,500 miles (17,000 km)。
(2) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Perth, the capital of Western Australia, is the most isolated (孤立的) city in the world. It is closer to Singapore than to Sydney, which is about 1,900 miles (3,000 km) away. 西澳大利亚的首府珀斯是世界上最与世隔绝的城市。它离新加坡的距离比离悉尼近，悉尼距离约1900英里(3000公里)。
因此，正确答案是Singapore。
(3) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：The first Europeans came and lived just over 200 years ago. 在200多年前，第一批欧洲人来到这里生活。
因此，正确答案是Over 200 years ago。
(4) 此题是主旨大意题。答案出处：Most countries have probably had population growth, with much the same racial mix. 大多数国家可能都有人口增长，种族混合情况基本相同。后面介绍了澳大利亚人口增长的历史。
因此，正确答案是The history of Australian population growth。
(5) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Australians are generally warm-hearted and open. 澳大利亚人一般都很热心和开放。Australians are also humorous. 澳大利亚人也很幽默。
因此，正确答案是They are warm-hearted, open, and humorous。
【知识点】细节理解、主旨大意、说明文、国家与民族 (Countries and nationalities)
8. 【答案】
(1) Yes.
(2) Adrenaline increases the heart beat and provides more sugar for the muscles.
(3) In order not to become overexcited.
(4) By testing their nervous system.
(5) People with a low excitement level. /People who produce more noradrenaline. /People who produce little saliva when putting lemon juice on their tongues.
【解析】
(1) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：When they studied people who were learning to jump from a plane with a parachute, they found that the parachutists' bodies produced large amounts of two hormones (激素), adrenaline (肾上腺素) and noradrenaline (去甲肾上腺素) , just before they made their jump. 当他们研究那些正在学习用降落伞从飞机上跳下来的人时，他们发现在跳伞之前，跳伞者的身体会产生大量的肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素这两种激素。
因此，正确答案是Yes。
(2) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Adrenaline increases the heart beat and provides more sugar for the muscles (肌肉), while noradrenaline makes us react (反应) more quickly. 肾上腺素会加速心跳，为肌肉提供更多糖分，而去甲肾上腺素则会使我们反应更快。
因此，正确答案是Adrenaline increases the heart beat and provides more sugar for the muscles。
(3) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：They believe that people who have a low level of excitement look for new experiences in order to fire themselves with excitement, but people who usually have a high level of excitement try to avoid risks in order not to become overexcited. 他们认为，低兴奋度的人会寻找新的体验，以激发自己的兴奋感，但通常有高兴奋度的人会试图避免风险，以避免过度兴奋。
因此，正确答案是In order not to become overexcited。
(4) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：So it may be possible to find out your level of excitement by testing your nervous system. 所以有可能通过测试你的神经系统来了解你的兴奋程度。
因此，正确答案是By testing their nervous system。
(5) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：If the psychologists are right, people with a low excitement level are the ones who enjoy taking part in dangerous sports and activities. 如果心理学家是对的，那么低兴奋水平的人就是那些喜欢参加危险运动和活动的人。However, noradrenaline also supplies energy to a part of the brain which controls feelings of pleasure. A feeling of pleasure caused by this hormone makes certain people want to take part in dangerous sports. 然而，去甲肾上腺素也为大脑中控制愉悦感的部分提供能量。这种荷尔蒙产生的愉悦感使某些人想要参加危险的运动。A quick way of doing this is to put some lemon juice on your tongue (舌头). If you produce a lot of saliva (唾液) , your nervous system has been affected(影响) by the lemon and so you probably have a high level of excitement; if you produce little saliva, you probably have a low excitement level. If you have a low level, you might enjoy taking part in risky sports. 一个快速的方法是在你的舌头上放一些柠檬汁。如果你分泌大量唾液，你的神经系统就会受到柠檬的影响，所以你可能会非常兴奋；如果你分泌的唾液很少，你的兴奋程度可能就低。如果你水平不高，你可能会喜欢参加危险的运动。
因此，正确答案是People with a low excitement level. /People who produce more noradrenaline. /People who produce little saliva when putting lemon juice on their tongues。
【知识点】细节理解、科普知识 (Popular science)、说明文
9. 【答案】
(1) At the bottom of a box of old books.
(2) No, he didn't.
(3) At the start of World War Ⅱ.
(4) Because of its encouraging message and its simple design.
(5) 开放性问题。言之成理即可。
【解析】
(1) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：In 2000, they bought a box of old books. When Stuart got them back to the shop, he discovered a poster at the bottom of the box. 2000年，他们买了一箱旧书。当Stuart把它们带回商店时，他在箱子底部发现了一张海报。
因此，正确答案是At the bottom of a box of old books.
(2) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Neither Stuart nor Mary knew anything about the history of the poster, but they liked it so much that they decided to hang the poster in their bookshop. Stuart 和 Mary都不知道这张海报的历史，但他们非常喜欢这张海报，所以决定把它挂在他们的书店里。
因此，正确答案是No, he didn't.
(3) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：At the start of World War Ⅱ, the British government designed three posters and the Keep Calm poster was one of them. 在第二次世界大战Ⅱ开始时，英国政府设计了三幅海报，Keep Calm海报就是其中之一。
因此，正确答案是At the start of World War Ⅱ.
(4) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Besides the encouraging message, the simple design of the poster helped lead to its popularity. 除了鼓舞人心的信息，海报的简单设计也让它大受欢迎。
因此，正确答案是Because of its encouraging message and its simple design.
(5) 题干的要求是：在重要考试前，请改写“保持冷静”的口号来鼓励你的同学。开放性问题。言之成理即可。
【知识点】细节理解、观点态度、说明文、历史 (History)
10. 【答案】
(1) What is art
(2) The two areas of art.
(3) Applied art requires an object to be functional as well as beautiful.
(4) In the 20th century.
(5) Art makes our ordinary, everyday lives a little more special.
【解析】
(1) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：What is art This question has confused great thinkers for centuries. 什么是艺术？这个问题困扰了伟大的思想家几个世纪。
因此，正确答案是What is art
(2) 此题是主旨大意题。答案出处：Art is usually divided into two areas: fine art, such as painting, music and sculpture (雕塑) and applied art (实用美术), such as fashion design, urniture making and gardening. 艺术通常分为两个领域：艺术，如绘画，音乐和雕塑；实用美术，如时装设计，家具制作和园艺。该段还罗列了两个名人对于艺术的看法。故本段主旨是艺术的两个领域。
因此，正确答案是The two areas of art.
(3) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Applied art requires an object to be functional as well as beautiful. 实用美术需要一个物体有功能和有观赏性。
因此，正确答案是Applied art requires an object to be functional as well as beautiful.
(4) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：In the twentieth century, however, artists began to challenge the accepted idea of art. 然而，在二十世纪，艺术家们开始挑战人们所接受的艺术观念。
因此，正确答案是In the 20th century.
(5) 此题是观点态度题。答案出处：Art can make our ordinary, everyday lives a little more special. 艺术可以让我们平凡的日常生活变得更特别。
因此，正确答案是Art makes our ordinary, everyday lives a little more special.
【知识点】细节理解、观点态度、艺术 (Arts)、说明文、主旨大意
11. 【答案】
(1) No.
(2) Because they often over-complicate very simple decisions.
(3) By accepting them peacefully, moving on and trying again. /They should accept them peacefully, move on and try again. /They should never give up.
(4) How to put others first in difficult situations. /Learning self-sacrifice.
(5) Four lessons team sports can teach students. /The benefits of team sports. /What team sports can teach students. /What students can learn from team sports. /Students don't have to be athletic to succeed at sports, and there are countless benefits of team sports for them.
【解析】
(1) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：In fact, no matter they are good at sports or not, there are still benefits to be got from playing team sports! 事实上，不管他们是否擅长运动，参加团队运动还是有好处的！
因此，正确答案是No。
(2) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Making choices can often be difficult for many people since they often over-complicate (过度复杂化) very simple decisions. 对许多人来说，做出选择往往是一件困难的事情，因为他们常常把非常简单的决定过度复杂化。
因此，正确答案是Because they often over-complicate very simple decisions。
(3) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处；To deal with those losses, students should accept them peacefully, move on and try again! Team sports teach students that great comebacks do happen and a loss is never final if they refuse to give up! 为了应对这些失败，学生们应该平静地接受它们，继续前进，再试一次！团队运动告诉学生们，如果他们拒绝放弃，伟大的回归确实会发生，失败永远不是最终的！
因此，正确答案是By accepting them peacefully, moving on and trying again。/They should accept them peacefully, move on and try again。/They should never give up。
(4) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Perhaps the most important lesson that team sports can teach students is how to put others first in difficult situations. 也许团队运动能教给学生的最重要的一课是如何在困难的情况下把别人放在第一位。Learning self-sacrifice (自我奉献) is a lesson that students will certainly carry throughout the course of their life! 学习自我牺牲是学生一生都要上的一课！
因此，正确答案是How to put others first in difficult situations. /Learning self-sacrifice。
(5) 此题是主旨大意题。答案出处：全文。本文通过四个课程来教会学生要看长远点、果断、不要放弃和乐于奉献。
因此，正确答案是Four lessons team sports can teach students。/The benefits of team sports。/What team sports can teach students。/What students can learn from team sports。/Students don't have to be athletic to succeed at sports, and there are countless benefits of team sports for them。
【知识点】主旨大意、细节理解、运动 (Sports and exercise)、说明文
12. 【答案】
(1) It ends on April 4 this year.
(2) It refers to standing an egg upright.
(3) By writing their medical problems on paper kites.
(4) Because they want to express their gratefulness.
(5) Three things/ customs related to the Spring Equinox.
【解析】
(1) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：The Spring Equinox (春分), as the fourth term of the year starts on March 21 and ends on April 4 this year. 春分是一年中的第四个节气，今年开始于3月21日，结束于4月4日。
因此，正确答案是It ends on April 4 this year.
(2) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Standing an egg upright is a popular game across the country during the Spring Equinox. It is an old custom that dates back to 4000 years ago. People practice this tradition to celebrate the coming of spring. 春分期间，竖蛋是全国流行的一种游戏。这是一个可以追溯到4000年前的古老习俗。人们通过这个传统来庆祝春天的到来。
因此，正确答案是It refers to standing an egg upright.
(3) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处： So to pray for health, they wrote their medical problems on paper kites. 为了祈求健康，他们在纸风筝上写下自己的健康问题。
因此，正确答案是By writing their medical problems on paper kites.
(4) 此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Farmers will reward cattle with sticky rice balls to express their gratefulness. 农民们会用糯米团奖励牛来表达他们的感激之情。
因此，正确答案是Because they want to express their gratefulness.
(5) 此题是主旨大意题。此文介绍了春分的三个习俗：立蛋游戏、放风筝、奖励耕牛。
因此，正确答案是Three things/ customs related to the Spring Equinox.
【知识点】主旨大意、细节理解、说明文、社会文化 (Social Culture)
13. 【答案】
(1) 355 million.
(2) By writing about a happy place with simple worries.
(3) The importance of a person's inner worth.
(4) When Schulz learned his cancer was serious.
(5) Because he spent his whole life writing and his positive works influenced many people all over the world.
【解析】
(1) 本文介绍了著名的漫画家査尔斯·舒尔茨的情况。文中介绍了为什么近 50 年来，舒尔茨的连环画《花生收藏》一直是世界上最著名的漫画。舒尔茨去世的时间，每天的读者量，他永远被世界各地的年轻人铭记的原因。
细节理解题。由句子 It has 355 million daily readers in 75 countries. 可知，它在 75 个国家每天有 3 亿 5500 万名读者。
(2) 细节理解题。由句子 Instead, he always brought readers into a joyful world by writing about a happy place with simple worries. 相反，他总是写一个简单的烦恼的快乐的地方，把读者带进一个快乐的世界。
(3) 细节理解题。由句子 He taught them the importance of a person's inner worth. 可知，他教会他们一个人内在价值的重要性。
(4) 推理判断题。由句子 When Schulz learned his cancer was senous, he was forced to give up the job he loved—writing the Peanuts cartoons. 可知，当舒尔茨得知他的癌症严重的时候，才停止了漫画的绘画。
(5) 推理判断题。由句子 Jill said her father enjoyed spending his whole life writing to make people happy. 和句子 Charles Schulz put a little comedy into our often-stressful world. 可知，他一生都在写作，他的积极作品对全世界的许多人都有影响。
【知识点】记叙文、细节理解、著名人物 (Famous people)
同课章节目录
- 词法
- 名词
- 动词和动词短语
- 动词语态
- 动词时态
- 助动词和情态动词
- 非谓语动词
- 冠词
- 代词
- 数词和量词
- 形容词副词及其比较等级
- 介词和介词短语
- 连词和感叹词
- 构词法
- 相似、相近词比较
- 句法
- 陈述句
- 一般疑问句和否定疑问句
- 特殊疑问句及选择疑问句
- 反意疑问句
- 存在句(There be句型)
- 宾语从句
- 定语从句
- 状语从句
- 主谓一致问题
- 简单句
- 并列句
- 复合句
- 主谓一致
- 主、表语从句
- 名词性从句
- 直接引语和间接引语
- 虚拟语气
- 感叹句
- 强调句
- 倒装句
- 祈使句
- 句子的成分
- 句子的分类
- 题型专区
- 单项选择部分
- 易错题
- 完形填空
- 阅读理解
- 词汇练习
- 听说训练
- 句型转换
- 补全对话
- 短文改错
- 翻译
- 书面表达
- 任务型阅读
- 语法填空
- 其他资料