【精品解析】江西省宜春市铜鼓县中2022-2023学年高二下学期开学考英语试卷（音频暂未更新）

江西省宜春市铜鼓县中2022-2023学年高二下学期开学考英语试卷（音频暂未更新）
一、听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
1．（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）What does the man want to do in the future
A．Start his own business.
B．Teach in a private school.
C．Work at a London restaurant.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: So, you're a chef
M: Yes. I currently run the kitchen at a local private school. Before that, I trained as a manager at several busy London restaurants. But I hope one day to be my own boss. (1)
【分析】问题：男士将来想做什么？根据“Before that, I trained as a manager at several busy London restaurants. But I hope one day to be my own boss.”在此之前，我曾在伦敦几家繁忙的餐厅担任经理。但我希望有一天能成为自己的老板。故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
2．（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）What does the man probably do
A．A hotel manager. B．A bank clerk. C．A taxi driver.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Where do you want to go, madam
W: The Grosvenor Hotel, please. Before we set off, would you be able to give me change for a 50 note
M: Yes, madam. No problem. I always keep plenty of change in the taxi. (2)
【分析】问题：男士可能做什么？根据“I always keep plenty of change in the taxi. ”我总是在出租车里放很多零钱。可推知他可能是出租司机，故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地去抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
3．（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）Why is the woman unhappy with the man
A．He was late to meet her.
B．He didn't tell her his location.
C．He didn't return the book on time.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: I'm sorry I'm late. I forgot to bring the book you lent me, and I had to go back to get it.
W: It's okay. But please send me a message next time! I didn't know where you were. (3)
【分析】问题：为什么女士对男士不满意？根据“But please send me a message next time! I didn't know where you were.”但请下次给我留言！我不知道你在哪里。故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，听录音前快速浏览选项，听录音时抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
4．（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）What does the woman probably want to buy
A．Clothes. B．Colorful lights. C．Skin care products.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Wow, I love that dress on you.
W: Its length is perfect. But I'm not sure about the color. My skin color is a little dark and I wonder if it looks good. The indoor lights are too strong.
M: Let's see if we have the same dress in blue. (4)
【分析】问题：这位女士可能想买什么？根据“ Let's see if we have the same dress in blue.”让我们看看是否有同样的蓝色衣服。故选A。
【点评】考查对话型听力题。听前要快速浏览答语，理解答语意思，听时要注意力集中，选出答案。
5．（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）What is the man doing
A．Walking through a forest.
B．Visiting the woman's house.
C．Planting flowers in his garden.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: There are so many plants in your house!
W: Yeah. I used to be a professional gardener, but my age eventually made it impossible. So now, I have my lovely little garden.
M: It's beautiful! (5) I feel like I'm traveling through a forest.
【分析】问题：男士在干什么？根据“There are so many plants in your house!”你家里有这么多植物！；以及“t's beautiful! I feel like I'm traveling through a forest.”太美了！ 我觉得我在穿越森林。故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地去听关键词。
二、听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）听录音，回答问题。
6．What role does the woman wish to take in the school play
A．The violinist. B．The writer. C．The actress.
7．Which instrument does the man learn to play recently
A．The guitar. B．The violin. C．The guzheng.
【答案】6．C
7．A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: What are you up to this afternoon
M: I'm going to try out for the school musical. (6)
W: Me too! I hope to play the role of a famous actress. (6) What about you
M: I hope to be in the band.
W: What instrument do you play
M: Several, actually. My grandfather taught me to play the guzheng when I was little. It's a traditional Chinese instrument. Then I started violin lessons at primary school, and I took up the guitar a few months ago. (7)
W: Wow! Do you write songs as well
M: Not really. But I'd like to have a go at it someday!
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
6．问题：这位女士希望在学校剧中扮演什么角色？根据“ I'm going to try out for the school musical.”我打算参加学校的音乐剧。故选C。
7．问题：男士最近学了什么乐器？根据“ and I took up the guitar a few months ago.”几个月前我开始学习吉他。故选A。
（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）听录音，回答问题。
8．Why does the woman give up getting her car fixed
A．It is beyond repair.
B．She has to spend a lot fixing it.
C．Her grandfather will buy her a new one.
9．How does the woman plan to get to school
A．By bus. B．On foot. C．By bike.
【答案】8．B
9．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: My car is broken. (8)
M: Oh dear! Will you get it fixed (8)
W: Maybe not, it will cost too much. (8)
M: That's a shame.
W: Well, it is a very old car. It belonged to my grandfather, and I was lucky to
have it for this long.
M: How will you get to school now (9)
W: Not sure. I've been looking at buses, but I have to take three different ones to get to school.
M: That's not very convenient.
W: Exactly. Plus, it's expensive. I'm thinking about buying a bike, though. (9)
M: Great! Maybe we can meet up on the way and cycle together.
W: That would be fun!
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先阅读题目，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
8．问题：为什么女士放弃修车？根据“Maybe not, it will cost too much.”也许不会，这会花费太多。故选B。
9．问题：这位女士打算怎样去上学？根据“I'm thinking about buying a bike, though.”不过我在考虑买一辆自行车。故选C。
（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）听录音，回答问题。
10．What will the weather be like over the weekend
A．Rainy. B．Windy. C．Sunny.
11．What is the relationship between the speakers
A．Friends. B．Classmates. C．Family members.
12．What is the woman going to do next Tuesday
A．Meet friends in a park.
B．Stay at home and watch TV.
C．Help her father with some housework.
【答案】10．B
11．C
12．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: I can't believe it's raining again.
W: The radio said that it is going to rain all week.
M: It's too bad. Now we've got two weeks off from school, but it's too wet to go anywhere.
W: Yeah. I'm getting a little bored of sitting at home and watching TV.
M: I've got a weather app on my phone that gives you a 10-day report. Let's see what that says.
W: Okay.
M: It looks like the radio is right. It's going to rain until Friday. Then there's going to be some winds over the weekend. (10)
W: Oh, great! The wind is going to blow the rain clouds away.
M: Fantastic! We should make some plans to do something.
W: What about a picnic in the park
M: Great! Shall we go next Tuesday (12)
W: I promised our dad I'd help him with some housework on Tuesday. (11) (12)
M: Wednesday, then. Let's invite some friends and make a day of it!
W: No problem.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
10．问题：周末的天气会怎么样？根据“Then there's going to be some winds over the weekend. ”然后周末会有一些风。故选B。
11．问题：谈话人之间的关系是什么？根据“ I promised our dad I'd help him with some housework on Tuesday. ”我答应过我们的爸爸，星期二我会帮他做一些家务。故选C。
12．问题：这位女士下周二打算做什么？根据“ I promised our dad I'd help him with some housework on Tuesday. ”我答应过我们的爸爸，星期二我会帮他做一些家务。故选C。
（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）听录音，回答问题。
13．Where does the conversation probably take place
A．In a gym. B．In an office. C．In a restaurant.
14．When does the conversation take place
A．In the morning. B．In the afternoon. C．In the evening.
15．How is the woman feeling
A．Pleased. B．Anxious. C．Confident.
16．Which department does the woman probably work in
A．Support services. B．Technology. C．Marketing.
【答案】13．A
14．A
15．B
16．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Hi Jane! I've never seen you here before. Have you recently joined (13)
W: No. I come here quite a bit. But I usually prefer to work out in the evenings. I'm not a morning person! (13) (14)
M: So, why did you come so early today (14)
W: I'm going to attend a big meeting this afternoon. I'm not sure how late I'll have to stay, so I thought it would be a good idea to get my workout done early! (14)
M: Good plan! I love working out the first thing in the morning. It gives me so much energy for the rest of the day.
W: Well, actually I am a bit nervous about my presentation today. (15)
M: Oh, you'll be fine. Any time I have a question about marketing, I always come to you! (16)
W: Just as any time my computer breaks, I come to you!
M: I hope it goes really well.
W: Thanks, Mike. See you in the staff restaurant at lunch
M: Sure thing! Enjoy your workout!
【点评】考查细节理解，首先理解题干，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
13．问题：对话可能发生在哪里？根据“ I come here quite a bit. But I usually prefer to work out in the evenings. ”我经常来这里。但我通常喜欢在晚上锻炼。可推知他们可能在健身馆，故选A。
14．问题：对话什么时候进行？根据“But I usually prefer to work out in the evenings. I'm not a morning person! ”但我通常喜欢在晚上锻炼。我不是早起的人！；以及“I'm not sure how late I'll have to stay, so I thought it would be a good idea to get my workout done early!”我不知道我要呆多久，所以我想早点完成锻炼是个好主意！可推知是在早上，故选A。
15．问题：女士感觉怎么样？根据“actually I am a bit nervous about my presentation today. ”实际上，我今天的演讲有点紧张。故选B。
16．问题：这位女士可能在哪个部门工作？根据“Any time I have a question about marketing, I always come to you!”每当我有关于营销的问题，我都会来找你！故选C。
（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）听录音，回答问题。
17．What does the speaker mainly talk about
A．His school life. B．His writing career. C．His work experience.
18．What did the speaker end up studying at university
A．Science.
B．Literature.
C．Journalism and communication.
19．When will the science fiction be published
A．In 6 months. B．In 8 months. C．In 14 months.
20．How can the speaker be described
A．Aimless. B．Determined. C．Overconfident.
【答案】17．B
18．B
19．A
20．B
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】 As a small child, I often wrote poems and short stories. My primary school teacher was impressed and would read my work to my classmates. I felt proud of my talent, and decided that one day I would become a famous writer. (20) In high school, I continued to write and even started my first novel. I also wrote for the school newspaper, and for several years I've considered becoming a reporter. I began studying journalism and communication at university. But within a few months, I realized that I had changed my mind. I was so busy with my studies that I didn't have time to write fiction, and I really missed it. So, with the help of my professor, I changed my major and gained a literature degree, (18) and I was much happier. After university, I got a job to write blogs for a small newspaper office. I continued my creative writing in my spare time and started to write science fiction. (19) I often wondered if I'd ever finish it! But I was determined to succeed. (20) It took me eight years in total to finish the fiction. And until 14 months ago, I finally found a publisher for my book. It's due to be published in six months! (19) I can't wait and I'm so glad that I never give up. (20)
【点评】考查听力理解能力，首先看懂问题，然后根据问题在文中找出依据，选出正确答案。
17．问题：发言人主要讲什么？根据短文内容可知，本文介绍了发言人的写作生涯，故选B。
18．问题：发言人最后在大学学习了什么？根据“So, with the help of my professor, I changed my major and gained a literature degree”所以，在教授的帮助下，我改变了专业，获得了文学学位，故选B。
19．问题：科幻小说什么时候出版？根据“ It's due to be published in six months!”它将在六个月后出版！故选A。
20．问题：如何描述发言人？根据“But I was determined to succeed.”但我决心要成功；以及“I can't wait and I'm so glad that I never give up. ”我迫不及待，我很高兴我从未放弃。故选B。
三、阅读理解（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分
（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Three Types of Renewable Energy Sources
Water Power
Water power is the world's biggest source of renewable energy by far, with China, Brazil, Canada, the U. S. , and Russia the leading water power producers. While water power is a clean energy source provided by rain and snow, it also has several drawbacks.
Large dams can damage river ecosystems and surrounding communities, harming wildlife and displacing residents. Even water power at full capacity bears its own emissions problems, as rotting organic material in reservoirs releases
methane (甲烷,沼气).
Dams aren't the only way to use water for power. Tidal and wave energy projects around the world aim to capture the ocean's natural rhythms. The potential marine energy is great.
Wind Power
Wind turbines (涡轮) are growing around the globe, and China, the U. S., and Germany are the leading wind energy producers.
Some people may object to how wind turbines look on the horizon (地平线) and to how they sound, but wind energy, whose prices are declining, is proving too valuable a resource to deny. Another problem with wind turbines is that they're a danger for birds and bats, killing hundreds of thousands annually that engineers are working on solutions to make them safer for flying wildlife.
Solar Power
From home rooftops to farms, solar power is reshaping energy markets around the world.
In addition to solar panels, which change the sun's light to electricity, concentrating solar power (CSP) plants use mirrors to concentrate the sun's heat, getting thermal energy. Solar thermal energy is also being used worldwide for hot water, heating, and cooling. China, Japan, and the U. S. are leading the solar transformation, but solar still has a long way to go.
21．Which country is the leading producer of all the three renewable energies
A．China. B．Japan. C．Germany. D．Russia.
22．What may reduce the disadvantages of water power
A．Gathering organic material in reservoirs.
B．Employing alternative water sources.
C．Moving residents away from dams
D．Using water power at full capacity.
23．What is a problem with the wind turbines
A．They cost too much.
B．They occupy much space.
C．They cause noise pollution.
D．They affect flying wildlife's health.
【答案】21．A
22．B
23．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了三种可再生资源。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
21．考查细节理解。根据Water Power部分中的“Water power is the world's biggest source of renewable energy by far, with China, Brazil, Canada, the U. S. , and Russia the leading water power producers.”水力发电是迄今为止世界上最大的可再生能源来源，中国、巴西、加拿大、美国和俄罗斯是主要的水力发电国；Wind Power部分中的“Wind turbines (涡轮) are growing around the globe, and China, the U. S., and Germany are the leading wind energy producers.”风力涡轮机在全球范围内不断增长，中国、美国和德国是主要的风能生产国；以及Solar Power部分中的“China, Japan, and the U. S. are leading the solar transformation, but solar still has a long way to go.”中国、日本和美国正在领导太阳能改造，但太阳能仍有很长的路要走。可知，中国在这三种可再生资源的生产中都处于主导地位。故选A。
22．考查推理判断。根据Water Power部分中的“Dams aren't the only way to use water for power. Tidal and wave energy projects around the world aim to capture the ocean's natural rhythms. The potential marine energy is great.”水坝并不是用水发电的唯一途径。世界各地的潮汐和波浪能项目旨在捕捉海洋的自然节奏。海洋能源潜力巨大。可知，除了水坝以外，还有潮汐和波浪能可以利用，以减少水电发电所造成的影响。故选B。
23．考查细节理解。根据Wind Power部分中的“Another problem with wind turbines is that they're a danger for birds and bats, killing hundreds of thousands annually that engineers are working on solutions to make them safer for flying wildlife.”风力涡轮机的另一个问题是，它们对鸟类和蝙蝠是一种危险，每年造成数十万只死亡，工程师们正在研究解决方案，以使它们对飞行的野生动物更安全。可知，风力发电对野生飞行动物的健康安全造成了威胁。故选C。
（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C
和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Local
authorities and firefighters in the United States are always on the lookout for
new and creative methods to help control wildfires. Especially during the hot
and dry summer months, thousands of wildfires cause damage to forests every
year. The city of West Sacramento in North California has found a creative
secret weapon to help deal with this phenomenon: goats.
These
friendly animals have been assisting the city with wildfire prevention and fire
risks by eating weeds, dry grass and dead trees. When the goats eat the things
that are likely to catch fire, they prevent the problem from happening.
Wildfires
occur naturally when dry plants are ignited(点燃)by the sun's heat and catch on fire.
However, most wildfires are caused by human carelessness, including unattended
campfires, cigarettes and other flammable objects. The best strategy to battle
the fires and minimize the damage is to attempt to remove the fuel that enables
the spread of the flames, in this case the dry weeds, trees and plants. If the
things that are most likely to catch fire are gone, the fire is less likely to
spread.
The
love able goats are able to reach difficult areas that people are not able to
access. About 400 of these goats can clear two acres per day. They even
fertilize(使肥沃)the
area, a natural and free side effect of eating all those dry plants.
Firefighters
and government officials cannot be happier with the results.
"For
us, the combination of turning to goats for help with the quick fire response
is an effective method of keeping our neighbors safe from disastrous wildfires,"said
assistant Fire Chief Khari Helae." With climate change and the fact that
our vegetation is being affected because of climate change, it's necessary to
focus on our fuel reduction program."
24．How do goats assist the city in dealing with wildfires
A．By identifying the fuel in forests.
B．By consuming dry plants.
C．By leading firefighters to fire sources.
D．By eating up green tree leaves.
25．What can we say about the new method
A．It is complex but rewarding. B．It causes damage to local land.
C．It is well accepted worldwide. D．It is environmentally-friendly.
26．What can be learned from Khari Helae's words
A．He spoke highly of the new method.
B．He was dissatisfied with fire responses.
C．He was optimistic about climate change.
D．He considered fuel reduction impractical.
27．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Goats Help Keep Wildfires Under Control
B．Firefighters Are Being Gradually Replaced
C．Disastrous Wildfires Need to Be Controlled
D．Animals Are Fighting Against Climate Change
【答案】24．B
25．D
26．A
27．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；环境保护类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，美国的一个城市找到了一个有助于控制野火的秘密武器——山羊。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
24．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The best strategy to battle the fires and minimize the damage is to attempt to remove the fuel that enables the spread of the flames, in this case the dry weeds, trees and plants. If the things that are most likely to catch fire are gone, the fire is less likely to spread.”与火灾作斗争并将损失降至最低的最佳策略是试图移除使火焰蔓延的燃料，在这种情况下是干燥的杂草、树木和植物。如果最容易着火的东西都没有了，火势就不太可能蔓延。可知，山羊会吃掉可能会引发火灾的干枯的植物，从而防止野火发生。故选B。
25．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“They even fertilize(使肥沃)the area, a natural and free side effect of eating all those dry plants.”它们甚至会给该地区施肥，这是食用所有这些干燥植物的自然而免费的副作用。可推断，这个方法对环境是有益的。故选D。
26．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“For us, the combination of turning to goats for help with the quick fire response is an effective method of keeping our neighbors safe from disastrous wildfires,”对我们来说，向山羊寻求帮助与快速火灾反应相结合，是保护我们的邻居免受灾难性野火伤害的有效方法。可知，Khar Heae认为将依靠山羊控制野火和快速应对野火相结合是一个有效的方法，面对气候变化，人类更应该着眼于减少火源。可推断，Khan Helae高度赞扬依靠山羊控制野火这一创新的方式。故选A。
27．考查主旨大意。根据第一段“The city of West Sacramento in North California has found a creative secret weapon to help deal with this phenomenon: goats.”北加州西萨克拉门托市发现了一种创造性的秘密武器来帮助解决这一现象：山羊。可知，本文介绍了山羊是如何帮助控制野火的。“山羊有助于控制野火”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。
（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C
和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
When
you start working on something but don't finish it, thoughts of the unfinished
work continue to jump into your mind even when you've moved on to other things.
Psychologists refer to this psychological phenomenon as the Zeigarnik effect. The
effect was first observed by a Russian psychologist named Bluma Zeigarnik.
While sitting in a busy restaurant in Vienna, she noted the waiters had better
memories of unpaid orders. Once the bill was paid, however, the waiters had
difficulty remembering the exact details of the orders.
In
one of her studies, participants were asked to complete simple tasks such as
putting together puzzles, or solving math problems. Half of the participants
were interrupted halfway through these tasks. After an hour-long delay,
Zeigarnik asked the participants to give an account of what they'd been working
on. She discovered that those who had their work interrupted were twice as
likely to remember what they had been doing as those who had actually completed
the tasks.
We
can use this effect to our advantage. For example, if you're struggling to
memorize something important, momentary interruptions might actually work to
your advantage. Rather than simply remember the information over and over
again, review it several times and then take a break. While you're focusing on
other things, you'll find yourself mentally returning to the information you
were studying.
We
often put off tasks until the last moment only completing them in a rush at the
last possible moment.
Unfortunately,
this tendency can lead to heavy stress and even poor performance. One way to
overcome this is to put the
Zeigarnik
effect to work. Start by taking the first step, no matter how small. Once you've
begun，but
not finished your work, you'll find yourself thinking of the task until, at
last, you finish it. You might not finish it all at once, but each small step
you take puts you closer to your final goal.
28．What does the Zeigarnik effect refer to
A．Waiters tend to have good memories.
B．Once interrupted, one will forget things easily.
C．Most people can't focus on one thing for a long time.
D．People remember unfinished tasks better than completed ones.
29．What were all the participants required to do in the study
A．Describe their tasks. B．Express their feelings.
C．Test their intelligence. D．Design simple activities.
30．How should we study according to the Zeigarnik effect
A．Repeat over and over again. B．Divide up our study session.
C．Focus on several tasks at a time. D．Have enough rest before studying.
31．What's the main idea of the last paragraph
A．How to get rid of heavy stress.
B．Why we should set a final goal.
C．How to break the habit of delaying work.
D．Why we always complete tasks in a rush.
【答案】28．D
29．A
30．B
31．C
【知识点】主旨大意；推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种常见的心理现象—蔡加尼克效应。这种心理现象对我们的生活与学习有诸多启示。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
28．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“While sitting in a busy restaurant in Vienna, she noted the waiters had better memories of unpaid orders. Once the bill was paid, however, the waiters had difficulty remembering the exact details of the orders.”当她坐在维也纳一家繁忙的餐馆里时，她注意到服务员对未付订单有更好的记忆。 然而，一旦账单被支付，服务员就很难记住订单的确切细节；以及第二段中的“She discovered that those who had their work interrupted were twice as likely to remember what they had been doing as those who had actually completed the tasks.”她发现，那些工作被打断的人比那些实际完成任务的人更有可能记住他们所做的事情。可推断，蔡加尼克效应指人们对于尚未处理完的事比已处理完成的事情印象更加深刻。故选D。
29．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“After an hour-long delay, Zeigarnik asked the participants to give an account of what they'd been working on.”经过一个小时的拖延，Zeiganik要求参与者说明他们在做什么。可知，Zeigarnik要求参与者描述他们一直在做什么。故选A。
30．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“if you're struggling to memorize something important, momentary interruptions might actually work to your advantage. Rather than simple remember the information over and over again, review it several times and then take a break.”如果你在努力记住一些重要的东西，短暂的中断实际上可能对你有利。不是简单地一遍又一遍地记住信息，而是复习几遍，然后休息一下。 可推断，我们应该分几个时间段学习。故选B。
31．考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“One way to overcome this is to put the Zeigarnik effect to work.”克服这一问题的一种方法是使蔡加尼克效应发挥作用；以及下文讲述的实施过程可知，本段主要告诉我们如何有效利用蔡加尼克效应来改善拖延症。故选C。
（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Over the last few years, social mobility (流动性) between the generations has become an important topic. Many possible factors that prevent children from moving further up the social ladder than their parents have already been investigated, such as financial resources, the educational system and genetics. Recently, Dr. Reto Odermatt (University of Basel) and Prof. Dr. Warn Lekfuangfu (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid) conducted a study to investigate the connection between career aspirations (抱负) in social mobility and later life satisfaction.
The basis for the study is a dataset(数据集) that follows the lives of over 17,000 people in the UK who were all born in the same week in 1958, and continues to collect data to this day. Among other things, the dataset gathers together information on each individual's childhood environment, the backgrounds of their parents, the participants' abilities, their aspirations in their youth, their jobs and their happiness as an adult.
The authors used this database to investigate how the aspirations of children and young people affect their later life. And they eventually found that the educational and career aspirations held by participants as teenagers were among the most important forecasters overall for their later success in education and careers. This indicates that ambitious career goals motivate people to invest more in their future career success.
The opposite is also the case: unambitious career aspirations can be an important explanation for limited social mobility. The study showed that young people whose parents were less well educated did indeed have less ambitious career goals. "This cannot be explained solely (唯一地) by the differences in family income or in participants' abilities. It is more the case that inequality seems to begin early on, with their parents' aspirations for them," reasons Odermatt. "We didn't expect parents' aspirations for their children to have such a strong influence."
"This reminds us that we shouldn't leave it entirely to parents to influence children's career aspirations; schools can step in here," Odermatt points out. Teaching staff could actively make teenagers aware of careers that suit their abilities.
This could encourage them to look beyond their own horizons. After all, a person's view of the world is often strongly defined by their surroundings.
32．What is the purpose of the first paragraph
A．To present previous research findings on social mobility.
B．To introduce the concept of social mobility to readers.
C．To indicate the complexity of social mobility research.
D．To stress the practical significance of the new study.
33．What can we learn about the database of the study
A．It has some unexpected limitations.
B．It focuses more on children than on adults.
C．It covers many aspects of individuals involved.
D．It was set up through joint efforts of many countries.
34．Which of the following surprised the researchers
A．"Dreaming big" can have a negative influence on young children.
B．Children's future can be obviously affected by parents' aspirations.
C．Educated parents tend to have unambitious aspirations for children.
D．Ambitious career goals can be helpful in removing social inequality.
35．What does Odermatt expect teachers to do
A．To help students broaden their horizons.
B．To encourage students to try various careers.
C．To make changes to the students' surroundings.
D．To improve students' adaptability to new environments.
【答案】32．D
33．C
34．B
35．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明，社会流动性中的职业抱负与后来的生活满意度之间有紧密联系。父母对孩子的期待影响着孩子的未来；学校应该让学生有更广阔的见识，注意自己适合的职业，以提高他们未来职业生涯的满意度。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
32．考查推理判断。根据第一段“Over the last few years, social mobility (流动性) between the generations has become an important topic. Many possible factors that prevent children from moving further up the social ladder than their parents have already been investigated, such as financial resources, the educational system and genetics. Recently, Dr. Reto Odermatt (University of Basel) and Prof. Dr. Warn Lekfuangfu (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid) conducted a study to investigate the connection between career aspirations (抱负) in social mobility and later life satisfaction.”在过去几年里，代际间的社会流动已经成为一个重要的话题。许多可能阻碍孩子比父母在社会阶梯上晋升地更高的因素已经被调查过，比如经济资源、教育系统和遗传。最近，Reto Odermatt博士（巴塞尔大学）和Warn Lekfuangfu教授（马德里卡洛斯三世大学）进行了一项研究，调查社会流动性中的职业抱负与后来的生活满意度之间的联系。可知，代际间的社会流动性是一个重要的社会话题，但是之前的研究涉及的是经济资源、教育系统和遗传等因素，因此这项新的研究——社会流动性中的职业抱负与后来的生活满意度之间的联系有重要的实际意义，第一段旨在强调这一点，故选D。
33．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Among other things, the dataset gathers together information on each individual's childhood environment, the backgrounds of their parents, the participants' abilities, their aspirations in their youth, their jobs and their happiness as an adult.”除此之外，该数据集还收集了每个人的童年环境、父母背景、参与者的能力、青年时期的抱负、工作以及成年后的幸福感等信息。可知，该调查研究涉及个人的许多方面。故选C。
34．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“We didn't expect parents' aspirations for their children to have such a strong influence.”没想到父母对孩子的期望会有这么大的影响力。可知，让研究者意外的是父母的期望对孩子的未来有很大影响。故选B。
35．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“‘This reminds us that we shouldn't leave it entirely to parents to influence children's career aspirations; schools can step in here,' Odermatt points out. Teaching staff could actively make teenagers aware of careers that suit their abilities. This could encourage them to look beyond their own horizons.”“这提醒我们，我们不应该完全让父母来影响孩子的职业抱负；学校可以介入，” Odermatt指出。师可以积极地让青少年意识到适合他们能力的职业。这可能会鼓励他们超越自己的视野。可知，老师应该帮助学生开阔眼界。故选A。
四、任务型阅读（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分
（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some people cry during movies, while others only tear up for very sad or happy moments. Sometimes, we even cry randomly. 　36． 　 Each has its own job and flows from your tear ducts (泪腺) for a different reason.
　37． 　 But if you tear up frequently for no reason, it might be a sign of a serious condition. If you notice that you're crying every day during normal activities, you may have depression. If you think you have depression, talk to your doctor right away to find the right treatment for you.
If someone begins to cry in front of you, your reaction may come from the discomfort you feel in this situation. Though you may not mean to, your response could cause the person who is crying to feel weak, embarrassed, or less understood.
Instead of rushing to cheer a crier up or offer immediate help, sometimes it's best to give a person space to cry. 　38． 　
If you're around someone who is crying, respect their tears. Let them release (释放) their feelings and show them you care. Don't rush to offer advice or to say anything at all. Give them space to process and release their tears. 　39． 　
Let them think and organize their thoughts. Accept the way they respond in the moment. Don't push them to feel a different way.
It's best not to hold in emotions all the time. 　40． 　 If you need to control a cry, try to hold back your tears just until you're in a better place for them. This way you won't suppress (压抑) your emotions altogether.
A. Don't talk too much.
B. We cry different types of tears.
C. Then how can we deal with crying
D. Crying can be normal in certain situations.
E. Sometimes tears are needed to process emotion.
F. We should pay attention to your emotional problems.
G. However, sometimes it's important to hold back tears.
【答案】36．B；37．D；38．E；39．A；40．G
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，人们会因为不同的原因而流泪，在某些情况下，哭泣是正常的。但如果你经常无缘无故地流泪，这可能是一种病情严重的征兆。那么应该如何对待流泪呢？本文提出了一些行之有效的方法。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读， 要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
36．根据空前“Some people cry during movies, while others only tear up for very sad or happy moments. Sometimes, we even cry randomly.”有些人会在看电影时哭泣，而有些人只会在非常悲伤或快乐的时候流泪。有时候，我们甚至会随意地哭泣；以及空后“Each has its own job and flows from your tear ducts (泪腺) for a different reason.”每一种都有自己的功能，并且出于不同的原因从你的泪腺流出。可知，空前讲有时候我们会莫名其妙地哭；空后讲每种(眼泪)都有自己的职责，并出于不同的原因从你的泪腺流出。 B. We cry different types of tears. “我们会流出不同类型的眼泪”承上启下，符合语境。故选B。
37．根据空后“But if you tear up frequently for no reason, it might be a sign of a serious condition. If you notice that you're crying every day during normal activities, you may have depression. If you think you have depression, talk to your doctor right away to find the right treatment for you.”但如果你无缘无故地频繁流泪，这可能是一种严重状况的迹象。如果你发现自己每天在正常活动时都在哭，你可能患有抑郁症。如果你认为自己患有抑郁症，请立即与你的医生交谈，以找到适合你的治疗方法。可知，空后讲但如果你经常无缘无故地流泪，这可能是病情严重的一种征兆。如果你发现自己每天日常生活中都在哭泣，你可能患有抑郁症。 D. Crying can be normal in certain situations. “在某些情况下，哭泣是正常的”引出下文，符合语境。故选D。
38．根据空前“If someone begins to cry in front of you, your reaction may come from the discomfort you feel in this situation. Though you may not mean to, your response could cause the person who is crying to feel weak, embarrassed, or less understood. Instead of rushing to cheer a crier up or offer immediate help, sometimes it's best to give a person space to cry.”如果有人开始在你面前哭，你的反应可能来自你在这种情况下感到的不适。虽然你可能不是故意的，但你的反应可能会让哭泣的人感到虚弱、尴尬或不太被理解。与其急于让哭泣的人振作起来或立即提供帮助，有时最好给一个人哭泣的空间。可知，空前讲有时候，不要急着让一个哭的人高兴起来或立即提供帮助，最好给他哭的空间。 E. Sometimes tears are needed to process emotion. “有时候情绪是需要用眼泪来处理的”承接上文，符合语境。故选E。
39．根据空前“If you're around someone who is crying, respect their tears. Let them release (释放) their feelings and show them you care. Don't rush to offer advice or to say anything at all. Give them space to process and release their tears.”如果你身边有人正在哭泣，尊重他们的眼泪。让他们释放他们的感受，并表示你的关心。不要急于提出建议或说任何话。给他们处理和释放眼泪的空间；以及空后“Let them think and organize their thoughts. Accept the way they respond in the moment. Don't push them to feel a different way.”让他们思考并组织自己的思想。接受他们当时的反应。不要强迫他们有不同的感觉.可知，空前讲给他们空间来处理和缓解他们的眼泪；空后讲让他们思考和组织他们的想法。 A. Don't talk too much. “不要说太多话”承上启下，符合语境。故选A。
40．根据空前“It's best not to hold in emotions all the time.” 最好不要一直压抑自己的情绪；以及空后“If you need to control a cry, try to hold back your tears just until you're in a better place for them. This way you won't suppress (压抑) your emotions altogether.”如果你想控制自己的哭泣，试着忍住眼泪，直到你在一个更好的地方去面对它们。这样你就不会完全压抑自己的情绪。可知，空前讲最好不要总是压抑(自己的)情绪；空后讲如果你需要控制哭泣，试着忍住眼泪，直到你找到更适合(哭泣)的地方。G. However, sometimes it's important to hold back tears.“然而，有时候忍住眼泪是很重要的”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
五、完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分, 满分 15 分）
（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Edmond
was a school bus driver for 22 years. One morning, the rain pouring down, he
and the bus monitor Valentine were called to 41． a student who missed the bus. What 42． them was that the student didn't turn up when
they reached the specified place.
Edmond
and Valentine didn't expect they had a larger 43． to achieve. Just around the corner, they found
two children 44． in the rushing floodwaters. The boy and the
girl were struggling to hold onto a 45． to avoid being swept away.
Edmond
and Valentine couldn't 46． to save them, but neither could swim. Jumping
into action meant putting their own 47． on the line. Since the bus was for special
needs children, it was 48． with removable seat belts. They got a(n) 49． .
Immediately they tied the seat belts together so as to 50． the children.
Close
by neighbors additionally got here to 51． ,
and the group made combined efforts to 52． the boy and the girl from the tree. They
created a human chain and 53． the tied belts out until Edmond got a firm
hold on the children and pulled them to safety.
The
two children were 54． of Edmond, giving him a big hug. Surrounding
them, everyone present was filled with happiness, though wet all over. This
great rescue operation went viral on social media and drew praise for their
55． from all quarters.
41．A．look after B．send
for C．pick up D．call on
42．A．discouraged B．bored C．excited D．impressed
43．A．dream B．goal C．success D．mission
44．A．diving B．playing C．stuck D．prepared
45．A．tree B．belt C．seat D．bus
46．A．offer B．wait C．pretend D．long
47．A．lives B．future C．jobs D．family
48．A．covered B．decorated C．filled D．equipped
49．A．suggestion B．idea C．belief D．conclusion
50．A．lock B．search C．reach D．hang
51．A．assist B．cheer C．respond D．watch
52．A．protect B．tell C．free D．tear
53．A．extended B．pushed C．threw D．kicked
54．A．proud B．appreciative C．fond D．tired
55．A．attitude B．description C．action D．fortune
【答案】41．C；42．A；43．D；44．C；45．A；46．B；47．A；48．D；49．B；50．C；51．A；52．C；53．A；54．B；55．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了校车司机爱德蒙和班长瓦伦丁在大雨倾盆的早上救出被洪水围困的两个孩子的故事。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
41．句意：一天早上，大雨倾盆而下，他和班长瓦伦丁接到电话，去接一个错过公交车的学生。A. look after“照顾”；B. send for“召唤，派人去请”；C. pick up“开车接”；D. call on“号召”。根据上文“Edmond was a school bus driver”和下文“What 2 them was that the student didn't turn up when they reached the specified place.”可知，爱德蒙和班长去接一个错过公交车的学生。故选C。
42．句意：让他们沮丧的是，他们到达指定地点时学生没有出现。A. discouraged“使沮丧”；B. bored“使厌烦”；C. excited“使激动”；D. impressed“使印象深刻”。根据上文“the rain pouring down”和空后“the student didn't turn up when they reached the specified place.”可知，那天早上大雨倾盆，他们专门去接那名学生，但学生却没有出现，这让他们很沮丧。故选A。
43．句意：爱德蒙和瓦伦丁没想到他们还有更大的任务要完成。A. dream“梦想”；B. goal“目标”；C. success“成功”；D. mission“使命，任务”。根据下文可知，爱德蒙和瓦伦丁在洪水中救出被困小孩，这是一个更大的任务。故选D。
44．句意：就在拐角处，他们发现两个孩子被困在汹涌的洪水中。A. diving“潜水”；B. playing“玩耍”；C. stuck“（在……中）卡住，陷住”；D. prepared“准备”。根据下文“The boy and the girl were struggling to hold onto a 5 to avoid being swept away.”可知，两个孩子被困在汹涌的洪水中。此处指。故选C。
45．句意：男孩和女孩挣扎着抓住一棵树，以免被卷走。A. tree“树”；B. belt“腰带”；C. seat“座位”；D. bus“公交车”。根据下文“the group made combined efforts to 12 the boy and the girl from the tree”可知，此处指男孩和女孩挣扎着抓住一棵树。故选A。
46．句意：爱德蒙和瓦伦丁迫不及待地想救他们，但他们都不会游泳。A. offer“提供”；B. wait“等待”；C. pretend“假装”；D. long“期待”。根据语境和常识可知，当时情况危急，所以爱德蒙和瓦伦丁迫不及待地想救他们。couldn't wait to do sth. 固定短语“迫不及待地做某事”。 故选B。
47．句意：采取行动意味着将自己的生命置于危险之中。A. lives“生命”；B. future“将来”；C. jobs“工作”；D. family“家庭”。根据空前“but neither could swim”可知，他们都不会游泳，在如此危急的情况下救人肯定意味着将自己的生命置于危险之中。故选A。
48．句意：由于这辆巴士是为有特殊需要的儿童而设计的，所以它配备了可拆卸的安全带。A. covered“覆盖”；B. decorated“装饰”；C. filled“填充”；D. equipped“安装”。根据空前“Since the bus was for special needs children”可知，此处指它配备了可拆卸的安全带。故选D。
49．句意：他们有了主意。他们立即把安全带系在一起，以便够到孩子们。A. suggestion“建议”；B. idea“主意”；C. belief“信念”；D. conclusion“结论”。根据下文“Immediately they tied the seat belts together so as to 10 the children.”可知，这是他们想到的主意。故选B。
50．句意：他们有了主意。他们立即把安全带系在一起，以便够到孩子们。A. lock“锁”；B. search“寻找”；C. reach“到达，能伸到”；D. hang“悬挂”。根据空前“they tied the seat belts together”可知，他们把安全带系在一起是为了够到孩子们。故选C。
51．句意：附近的邻居们也来到这里帮忙，小组共同努力将男孩和女孩从树上解救出来。A. assist“帮助”；B. cheer“欢呼”；C. respond“回应”；D. watch“观看”。根据空后“the group made combined efforts”可知，附近的邻居们也来到这里帮忙。故选A。
52．句意：附近的邻居们也来到这里帮忙，小组共同努力将男孩和女孩从树上解救出来。A. protect“保护”；B. tell“告诉”；C. free“释放，使解脱”；D. tear“撕”。根据上文“The boy and the girl were struggling to hold onto a 5 to avoid being swept away.”可知，两个孩子之前挣扎着抓住一棵树，他们通过把安全带系在一起把男孩和女孩从树上解救出来。故选C。
53．句意：他们制造了一条人链，把系好的皮带伸出来，直到爱德蒙牢牢抓住孩子们，把他们拉到安全的地方。A. extended“延伸”；B. pushed“推”；C. threw“扔”；D. kicked“踢”。根据语境可知，他们制造了一条人链，把系好的皮带伸出来去，把他们拉到安全的地方。故选A。
54．句意：这两个孩子很感激爱德蒙，给了他一个大大的拥抱。A. proud“自豪的”；B. appreciative“感激的”；C. fond“喜爱的”；D. tired“厌烦的”。根据空后“giving him a big hug”以及常识可知，孩子被营救出来，肯定心存感激。故选B。
55．句意：这一伟大的救援行动在社交媒体上疯传，并赢得了各方的赞扬。A. attitude“态度”；B. description“描述”；C. action“行动”；D. fortune“运气”。根据上文可知，爱德蒙和附近的邻居们共同努力将男孩和女孩从树上解救出来，所以这是一次救援行动。故选C。
六、语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Wandering Earth is China's biggest sci-fi film to date. 　56． 　(direct) by Frant Gwo of My Old
Classmate and starring Wu Jing of Wolf Warrior 1 and 2, The Wandering Earth was one of 　57． 　 most anticipated films of 2019. The film is based on a short story by Liu Cixin, 　58． 　 flagship work The Three Body Problem was 　59． 　(original) supposed to receive the cinematic treatment before production issues shelved the movie.
The film 　60． 　(set) in a future Earth, whose inhabitants prepare to escape from the solar system as the sun expands into a red giant phase, 　61． 　(threaten) to engulf(吞没) Earth in flames. As the expanding sun changes the climate of the Earth, the governments of the world unite 　62． 　 the leadership of the UN Security Council to build massive engines to push the planet out of the solar system and towards nearby Proxima Centauri. At the same time, the 　63． 　(resident) of Earth move to underground cities for the thousands-year-long transit.
However, just as the Earth begins on 　64． 　(it) journey across the galaxy, it gets trapped in the gravity well of
Jupiter — after which it's up to Wu Jing's character Liu Peiqiang, his father-in-law, his son, his adopted daughter, and a number of Chinese soldiers and scientists 　65． 　(save) the world.
【答案】56．Directed；57．the；58．whose；59．originally；60．is set；61．threatening；62．under；63．residents；64．its；65．to save
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，是对电影《流浪地球》的简介和影评。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，冠词，定语从句，副词，时态语态，介词，名词，代词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
56．句意：《流浪地球》由《我的老同学》的弗朗特·格沃执导，《战狼1》和《战狼2》的吴京主演，是2019年最受期待的电影之一。 direct 与主语 he Wandering Earth 是动宾关系，过去分词表被动，故填 Directed 。
57．句意：《流浪地球》由《我的老同学》的弗朗特·格沃执导，《战狼1》和《战狼2》的吴京主演，是2019年最受期待的电影之一。形容词最高级与定冠词连用，故填the。
58．句意：这部电影是根据刘慈欣的一个短篇故事改编的，他的旗舰作品《三体问题》原本应该在制作问题搁置这部电影之前接受电影化处理。此处是非限制性定语从句的引导词，先行词是 Liu Cixin ，在从句中作定语，修饰 flagship work ，应用关系代词whose，故填whose。
59．句意：这部电影是根据刘慈欣的一个短篇故事改编的，他的旗舰作品《三体问题》原本应该在制作问题搁置这部电影之前接受电影化处理。此处副词修饰谓语动词 was supposed 作状语，故填originally 。
60．句意：这部电影以未来的地球为背景，当太阳膨胀到红巨星阶段时，地球上的居民准备逃离太阳系，有可能将地球吞噬在火焰中。此处是谓语动词，与主语The film是被动关系，应用被动语态，结合语境应用一般现在时，故填is set。
61．句意：这部电影以未来的地球为背景，当太阳膨胀到红巨星阶段时，地球上的居民准备逃离太阳系，有可能将地球吞噬在火焰中。 a red giant phase 与 threaten 在逻辑上是主谓关系，现在分词表主动，故填 threatening 。
62．句意：随着不断膨胀的太阳改变了地球的气候，世界各国政府在联合国安理会的领导下团结起来，建造大型发动机，将地球推出太阳系，并推向附近的半人马座比邻星。 underthe leadership of，固定短语，“在......的领导下”，故填under 。
63．句意：与此同时，地球上的居民搬到地下城市进行长达数千年的运输。此处名词作主语，结合谓语动词，应用复数形式，故填 residents 。
64．句意：然而，就在地球开始穿越银河系之旅时，它被困在木星的引力井中——之后，这取决于吴京饰演的角色刘培强、他的岳父、他的儿子、他的养女，以及许多中国士兵和科学家拯救世界。此处形容词性物主代词作定语，修饰 journey ，故填 its 。
65．句意：然而，就在地球开始穿越银河系之旅时，它被困在木星的引力井中——之后，这取决于吴京饰演的角色刘培强、他的岳父、他的儿子、他的养女，以及许多中国士兵和科学家拯救世界。此处是固定句式 it's up to sb. to do，“由某人负责做......”，故填 to save 。
七、写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
66．（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Leo对中国人的家庭文化很感兴趣。请你给他写一封邮件介绍自己家的家风(family
spirit)传承。内容包括：
1）你家的家风； 2）家风对你的影响。
注意：
1）词数80左右;开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数；
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear
Leo,
I'm
delighted to know that you are interested in Chinese family culture.
Yours,
Li
Hua
【答案】Dear Leo,
I'm delighted to know that you are interested in Chinese family culture. In your email, you said that you wanted to know something about my family spirit.
In fact, a lot of good qualities have been passed on from generation to generation in my family, such as honesty, bravery, perseverance and diligence and my parents have set good examples for me. My family spirit has a profound influence on me and thus I always follow what they have taught me. I'm always friendly to others and offer a helping hand when others are in trouble. I always cheer myself up and never stop chasing my goal even though I meet with difficulties. Due to those good qualities, I have made great achievements in my study and life.
Finally, I sincerely invite you to come to China and stay in my home for some time to experience more Chinese culture by yourself.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份写一封邮件介绍自己家的家风传承 。写作背景： 你的英国朋友Leo对中国人的家庭文化很感兴趣。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括： 1）你家的家风； 2）家风对你的影响。 提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。In your email, you said that you wanted to know something about my family spirit.运用了宾语从句；In fact, a lot of good qualities have been passed on from generation to generation in my family, such as honesty, bravery, perseverance and diligence and my parents have set good examples for me.运用了并列句； My family spirit has a profound influence on me and thus I always follow what they have taught me. 运用了并列句，宾语从句； I always cheer myself up and never stop chasing my goal even though I meet with difficulties. 运用了让步状语从句。
67．（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
The event that stands out in Tom's memory happened one morning when Tom was only ten years old. He was at home with his elder sister Jane. Tom was doing his homework when he heard raised voices. At first he thought nothing of it since customers in the motorcycle shop directly below their flat often became loud, but he soon realized this time it was different. "Quick! Quick! Remove the motorcycles from the shop. " someone yelled.
Then a thick burning smell filled the air. When Tom opened the front door of their flat to investigate, a thick cloud of smoke greeted him, The motorcycle shop had caught fire and people were running and crying.
Jane, who had been playing the violin in her room, hurried to the living room. Jane and Tom rushed out of the door and went along the corridor through the smoke.
They were heading towards the stairway at the far end of the corridor when Jane stopped in her track. She turned around and headed back the way they came. Tom had no idea what she was doing, but he followed suit.
Jane had suddenly remembered the lady in her 70s who lived next door to them. They called her Auntie Makcik. Jane began banging on Makcik's door, but got no answer. As the smoke thickened around them, Tom could see many of their neighbors — some still in their pajamas — running for safety. The thought of fear crossed his mind.
"She may have run for safety like everyone else! " Tom said. However. Jane refused to give up and said, " I know Makcik is still inside. " Jane was familiar with Makcik's daily routine and was certain she would still be sleeping. She pounded the door. "Go downstairs. Go now! Go! "
注意：1）续写词数应为150左右； 2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Tom noticed the flame was reaching up.
Luckily, some neighbors passing by stopped and offered help.
【答案】Tom noticed the flame was reaching up. Frozen with fear, he stood rooted to the spot. He comprehended the gravity of the situation and held Jane's hand tightly. By then, both of them were coughing and their eyes were stinging. Time seemed to stand still, though they were probably there for only two or three minutes. Tom begged Jane to run for safety as quickly as possible. Jane tried to shield her nose from the choking smoke and shook her head. She kept pounding against the door. Tom burst out crying.
Luckily, some neighbors passing by stopped and offered help. A sense of strength immediately replaced the mounting fear and anxiety in Jane's mind. She told them Makcik must be still in the room. They forced the door open with all their might. Sure enough, Makcik was lying in bed, unconscious. She was carried downstairs. And then some neighbours rushed her to the hospital, where she finally came to herself.
People in the neighbourhood felt relieved. Jane and Tom's joy was immense.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了10的汤姆和他的姐姐清晨发现所住的公寓发生火灾，简和汤姆冲出门，穿过烟雾沿着走廊走去，他们正朝走廊尽头的楼梯走去，这时简停住了脚步。她转过身，简突然想起了住在他们隔壁的那位70多岁的老妇人。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“汤姆注意到火焰正在蔓延”可知，第一段可描写简和汤姆救人的艰辛过程。②由第二段首句内容“幸运的是，一些路过的邻居停了下来，并提供了帮助”可知，第二段可描写在邻居的帮助下，那位70多岁的老妇人获救以及简和汤姆的心情。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如： Frozen with fear, he stood rooted to the spot.运用了形容词作状语； By then, both of them were coughing and their eyes were stinging.运用了并列句； Time seemed to stand still, though they were probably there for only two or three minutes.运用了让步状语从句；Sure enough, Makcik was lying in bed, unconscious. 运用了形容词作状语； And then some neighbours rushed her to the hospital, where she finally came to herself.运用了非限制性定语从句。
1 / 1江西省宜春市铜鼓县中2022-2023学年高二下学期开学考英语试卷（音频暂未更新）
一、听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
1．（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）What does the man want to do in the future
A．Start his own business.
B．Teach in a private school.
C．Work at a London restaurant.
2．（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）What does the man probably do
A．A hotel manager. B．A bank clerk. C．A taxi driver.
3．（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）Why is the woman unhappy with the man
A．He was late to meet her.
B．He didn't tell her his location.
C．He didn't return the book on time.
4．（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）What does the woman probably want to buy
A．Clothes. B．Colorful lights. C．Skin care products.
5．（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）What is the man doing
A．Walking through a forest.
B．Visiting the woman's house.
C．Planting flowers in his garden.
二、听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）听录音，回答问题。
6．What role does the woman wish to take in the school play
A．The violinist. B．The writer. C．The actress.
7．Which instrument does the man learn to play recently
A．The guitar. B．The violin. C．The guzheng.
（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）听录音，回答问题。
8．Why does the woman give up getting her car fixed
A．It is beyond repair.
B．She has to spend a lot fixing it.
C．Her grandfather will buy her a new one.
9．How does the woman plan to get to school
A．By bus. B．On foot. C．By bike.
（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）听录音，回答问题。
10．What will the weather be like over the weekend
A．Rainy. B．Windy. C．Sunny.
11．What is the relationship between the speakers
A．Friends. B．Classmates. C．Family members.
12．What is the woman going to do next Tuesday
A．Meet friends in a park.
B．Stay at home and watch TV.
C．Help her father with some housework.
（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）听录音，回答问题。
13．Where does the conversation probably take place
A．In a gym. B．In an office. C．In a restaurant.
14．When does the conversation take place
A．In the morning. B．In the afternoon. C．In the evening.
15．How is the woman feeling
A．Pleased. B．Anxious. C．Confident.
16．Which department does the woman probably work in
A．Support services. B．Technology. C．Marketing.
（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）听录音，回答问题。
17．What does the speaker mainly talk about
A．His school life. B．His writing career. C．His work experience.
18．What did the speaker end up studying at university
A．Science.
B．Literature.
C．Journalism and communication.
19．When will the science fiction be published
A．In 6 months. B．In 8 months. C．In 14 months.
20．How can the speaker be described
A．Aimless. B．Determined. C．Overconfident.
三、阅读理解（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分
（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Three Types of Renewable Energy Sources
Water Power
Water power is the world's biggest source of renewable energy by far, with China, Brazil, Canada, the U. S. , and Russia the leading water power producers. While water power is a clean energy source provided by rain and snow, it also has several drawbacks.
Large dams can damage river ecosystems and surrounding communities, harming wildlife and displacing residents. Even water power at full capacity bears its own emissions problems, as rotting organic material in reservoirs releases
methane (甲烷,沼气).
Dams aren't the only way to use water for power. Tidal and wave energy projects around the world aim to capture the ocean's natural rhythms. The potential marine energy is great.
Wind Power
Wind turbines (涡轮) are growing around the globe, and China, the U. S., and Germany are the leading wind energy producers.
Some people may object to how wind turbines look on the horizon (地平线) and to how they sound, but wind energy, whose prices are declining, is proving too valuable a resource to deny. Another problem with wind turbines is that they're a danger for birds and bats, killing hundreds of thousands annually that engineers are working on solutions to make them safer for flying wildlife.
Solar Power
From home rooftops to farms, solar power is reshaping energy markets around the world.
In addition to solar panels, which change the sun's light to electricity, concentrating solar power (CSP) plants use mirrors to concentrate the sun's heat, getting thermal energy. Solar thermal energy is also being used worldwide for hot water, heating, and cooling. China, Japan, and the U. S. are leading the solar transformation, but solar still has a long way to go.
21．Which country is the leading producer of all the three renewable energies
A．China. B．Japan. C．Germany. D．Russia.
22．What may reduce the disadvantages of water power
A．Gathering organic material in reservoirs.
B．Employing alternative water sources.
C．Moving residents away from dams
D．Using water power at full capacity.
23．What is a problem with the wind turbines
A．They cost too much.
B．They occupy much space.
C．They cause noise pollution.
D．They affect flying wildlife's health.
（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C
和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Local
authorities and firefighters in the United States are always on the lookout for
new and creative methods to help control wildfires. Especially during the hot
and dry summer months, thousands of wildfires cause damage to forests every
year. The city of West Sacramento in North California has found a creative
secret weapon to help deal with this phenomenon: goats.
These
friendly animals have been assisting the city with wildfire prevention and fire
risks by eating weeds, dry grass and dead trees. When the goats eat the things
that are likely to catch fire, they prevent the problem from happening.
Wildfires
occur naturally when dry plants are ignited(点燃)by the sun's heat and catch on fire.
However, most wildfires are caused by human carelessness, including unattended
campfires, cigarettes and other flammable objects. The best strategy to battle
the fires and minimize the damage is to attempt to remove the fuel that enables
the spread of the flames, in this case the dry weeds, trees and plants. If the
things that are most likely to catch fire are gone, the fire is less likely to
spread.
The
love able goats are able to reach difficult areas that people are not able to
access. About 400 of these goats can clear two acres per day. They even
fertilize(使肥沃)the
area, a natural and free side effect of eating all those dry plants.
Firefighters
and government officials cannot be happier with the results.
"For
us, the combination of turning to goats for help with the quick fire response
is an effective method of keeping our neighbors safe from disastrous wildfires,"said
assistant Fire Chief Khari Helae." With climate change and the fact that
our vegetation is being affected because of climate change, it's necessary to
focus on our fuel reduction program."
24．How do goats assist the city in dealing with wildfires
A．By identifying the fuel in forests.
B．By consuming dry plants.
C．By leading firefighters to fire sources.
D．By eating up green tree leaves.
25．What can we say about the new method
A．It is complex but rewarding. B．It causes damage to local land.
C．It is well accepted worldwide. D．It is environmentally-friendly.
26．What can be learned from Khari Helae's words
A．He spoke highly of the new method.
B．He was dissatisfied with fire responses.
C．He was optimistic about climate change.
D．He considered fuel reduction impractical.
27．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Goats Help Keep Wildfires Under Control
B．Firefighters Are Being Gradually Replaced
C．Disastrous Wildfires Need to Be Controlled
D．Animals Are Fighting Against Climate Change
（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C
和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
When
you start working on something but don't finish it, thoughts of the unfinished
work continue to jump into your mind even when you've moved on to other things.
Psychologists refer to this psychological phenomenon as the Zeigarnik effect. The
effect was first observed by a Russian psychologist named Bluma Zeigarnik.
While sitting in a busy restaurant in Vienna, she noted the waiters had better
memories of unpaid orders. Once the bill was paid, however, the waiters had
difficulty remembering the exact details of the orders.
In
one of her studies, participants were asked to complete simple tasks such as
putting together puzzles, or solving math problems. Half of the participants
were interrupted halfway through these tasks. After an hour-long delay,
Zeigarnik asked the participants to give an account of what they'd been working
on. She discovered that those who had their work interrupted were twice as
likely to remember what they had been doing as those who had actually completed
the tasks.
We
can use this effect to our advantage. For example, if you're struggling to
memorize something important, momentary interruptions might actually work to
your advantage. Rather than simply remember the information over and over
again, review it several times and then take a break. While you're focusing on
other things, you'll find yourself mentally returning to the information you
were studying.
We
often put off tasks until the last moment only completing them in a rush at the
last possible moment.
Unfortunately,
this tendency can lead to heavy stress and even poor performance. One way to
overcome this is to put the
Zeigarnik
effect to work. Start by taking the first step, no matter how small. Once you've
begun，but
not finished your work, you'll find yourself thinking of the task until, at
last, you finish it. You might not finish it all at once, but each small step
you take puts you closer to your final goal.
28．What does the Zeigarnik effect refer to
A．Waiters tend to have good memories.
B．Once interrupted, one will forget things easily.
C．Most people can't focus on one thing for a long time.
D．People remember unfinished tasks better than completed ones.
29．What were all the participants required to do in the study
A．Describe their tasks. B．Express their feelings.
C．Test their intelligence. D．Design simple activities.
30．How should we study according to the Zeigarnik effect
A．Repeat over and over again. B．Divide up our study session.
C．Focus on several tasks at a time. D．Have enough rest before studying.
31．What's the main idea of the last paragraph
A．How to get rid of heavy stress.
B．Why we should set a final goal.
C．How to break the habit of delaying work.
D．Why we always complete tasks in a rush.
（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Over the last few years, social mobility (流动性) between the generations has become an important topic. Many possible factors that prevent children from moving further up the social ladder than their parents have already been investigated, such as financial resources, the educational system and genetics. Recently, Dr. Reto Odermatt (University of Basel) and Prof. Dr. Warn Lekfuangfu (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid) conducted a study to investigate the connection between career aspirations (抱负) in social mobility and later life satisfaction.
The basis for the study is a dataset(数据集) that follows the lives of over 17,000 people in the UK who were all born in the same week in 1958, and continues to collect data to this day. Among other things, the dataset gathers together information on each individual's childhood environment, the backgrounds of their parents, the participants' abilities, their aspirations in their youth, their jobs and their happiness as an adult.
The authors used this database to investigate how the aspirations of children and young people affect their later life. And they eventually found that the educational and career aspirations held by participants as teenagers were among the most important forecasters overall for their later success in education and careers. This indicates that ambitious career goals motivate people to invest more in their future career success.
The opposite is also the case: unambitious career aspirations can be an important explanation for limited social mobility. The study showed that young people whose parents were less well educated did indeed have less ambitious career goals. "This cannot be explained solely (唯一地) by the differences in family income or in participants' abilities. It is more the case that inequality seems to begin early on, with their parents' aspirations for them," reasons Odermatt. "We didn't expect parents' aspirations for their children to have such a strong influence."
"This reminds us that we shouldn't leave it entirely to parents to influence children's career aspirations; schools can step in here," Odermatt points out. Teaching staff could actively make teenagers aware of careers that suit their abilities.
This could encourage them to look beyond their own horizons. After all, a person's view of the world is often strongly defined by their surroundings.
32．What is the purpose of the first paragraph
A．To present previous research findings on social mobility.
B．To introduce the concept of social mobility to readers.
C．To indicate the complexity of social mobility research.
D．To stress the practical significance of the new study.
33．What can we learn about the database of the study
A．It has some unexpected limitations.
B．It focuses more on children than on adults.
C．It covers many aspects of individuals involved.
D．It was set up through joint efforts of many countries.
34．Which of the following surprised the researchers
A．"Dreaming big" can have a negative influence on young children.
B．Children's future can be obviously affected by parents' aspirations.
C．Educated parents tend to have unambitious aspirations for children.
D．Ambitious career goals can be helpful in removing social inequality.
35．What does Odermatt expect teachers to do
A．To help students broaden their horizons.
B．To encourage students to try various careers.
C．To make changes to the students' surroundings.
D．To improve students' adaptability to new environments.
四、任务型阅读（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分
（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some people cry during movies, while others only tear up for very sad or happy moments. Sometimes, we even cry randomly. 　36． 　 Each has its own job and flows from your tear ducts (泪腺) for a different reason.
　37． 　 But if you tear up frequently for no reason, it might be a sign of a serious condition. If you notice that you're crying every day during normal activities, you may have depression. If you think you have depression, talk to your doctor right away to find the right treatment for you.
If someone begins to cry in front of you, your reaction may come from the discomfort you feel in this situation. Though you may not mean to, your response could cause the person who is crying to feel weak, embarrassed, or less understood.
Instead of rushing to cheer a crier up or offer immediate help, sometimes it's best to give a person space to cry. 　38． 　
If you're around someone who is crying, respect their tears. Let them release (释放) their feelings and show them you care. Don't rush to offer advice or to say anything at all. Give them space to process and release their tears. 　39． 　
Let them think and organize their thoughts. Accept the way they respond in the moment. Don't push them to feel a different way.
It's best not to hold in emotions all the time. 　40． 　 If you need to control a cry, try to hold back your tears just until you're in a better place for them. This way you won't suppress (压抑) your emotions altogether.
A. Don't talk too much.
B. We cry different types of tears.
C. Then how can we deal with crying
D. Crying can be normal in certain situations.
E. Sometimes tears are needed to process emotion.
F. We should pay attention to your emotional problems.
G. However, sometimes it's important to hold back tears.
五、完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分, 满分 15 分）
（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Edmond
was a school bus driver for 22 years. One morning, the rain pouring down, he
and the bus monitor Valentine were called to 41． a student who missed the bus. What 42． them was that the student didn't turn up when
they reached the specified place.
Edmond
and Valentine didn't expect they had a larger 43． to achieve. Just around the corner, they found
two children 44． in the rushing floodwaters. The boy and the
girl were struggling to hold onto a 45． to avoid being swept away.
Edmond
and Valentine couldn't 46． to save them, but neither could swim. Jumping
into action meant putting their own 47． on the line. Since the bus was for special
needs children, it was 48． with removable seat belts. They got a(n) 49． .
Immediately they tied the seat belts together so as to 50． the children.
Close
by neighbors additionally got here to 51． ,
and the group made combined efforts to 52． the boy and the girl from the tree. They
created a human chain and 53． the tied belts out until Edmond got a firm
hold on the children and pulled them to safety.
The
two children were 54． of Edmond, giving him a big hug. Surrounding
them, everyone present was filled with happiness, though wet all over. This
great rescue operation went viral on social media and drew praise for their
55． from all quarters.
41．A．look after B．send
for C．pick up D．call on
42．A．discouraged B．bored C．excited D．impressed
43．A．dream B．goal C．success D．mission
44．A．diving B．playing C．stuck D．prepared
45．A．tree B．belt C．seat D．bus
46．A．offer B．wait C．pretend D．long
47．A．lives B．future C．jobs D．family
48．A．covered B．decorated C．filled D．equipped
49．A．suggestion B．idea C．belief D．conclusion
50．A．lock B．search C．reach D．hang
51．A．assist B．cheer C．respond D．watch
52．A．protect B．tell C．free D．tear
53．A．extended B．pushed C．threw D．kicked
54．A．proud B．appreciative C．fond D．tired
55．A．attitude B．description C．action D．fortune
六、语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Wandering Earth is China's biggest sci-fi film to date. 　56． 　(direct) by Frant Gwo of My Old
Classmate and starring Wu Jing of Wolf Warrior 1 and 2, The Wandering Earth was one of 　57． 　 most anticipated films of 2019. The film is based on a short story by Liu Cixin, 　58． 　 flagship work The Three Body Problem was 　59． 　(original) supposed to receive the cinematic treatment before production issues shelved the movie.
The film 　60． 　(set) in a future Earth, whose inhabitants prepare to escape from the solar system as the sun expands into a red giant phase, 　61． 　(threaten) to engulf(吞没) Earth in flames. As the expanding sun changes the climate of the Earth, the governments of the world unite 　62． 　 the leadership of the UN Security Council to build massive engines to push the planet out of the solar system and towards nearby Proxima Centauri. At the same time, the 　63． 　(resident) of Earth move to underground cities for the thousands-year-long transit.
However, just as the Earth begins on 　64． 　(it) journey across the galaxy, it gets trapped in the gravity well of
Jupiter — after which it's up to Wu Jing's character Liu Peiqiang, his father-in-law, his son, his adopted daughter, and a number of Chinese soldiers and scientists 　65． 　(save) the world.
七、写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
66．（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Leo对中国人的家庭文化很感兴趣。请你给他写一封邮件介绍自己家的家风(family
spirit)传承。内容包括：
1）你家的家风； 2）家风对你的影响。
注意：
1）词数80左右;开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数；
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear
Leo,
I'm
delighted to know that you are interested in Chinese family culture.
Yours,
Li
Hua
67．（2023高二下·铜鼓开学考）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
The event that stands out in Tom's memory happened one morning when Tom was only ten years old. He was at home with his elder sister Jane. Tom was doing his homework when he heard raised voices. At first he thought nothing of it since customers in the motorcycle shop directly below their flat often became loud, but he soon realized this time it was different. "Quick! Quick! Remove the motorcycles from the shop. " someone yelled.
Then a thick burning smell filled the air. When Tom opened the front door of their flat to investigate, a thick cloud of smoke greeted him, The motorcycle shop had caught fire and people were running and crying.
Jane, who had been playing the violin in her room, hurried to the living room. Jane and Tom rushed out of the door and went along the corridor through the smoke.
They were heading towards the stairway at the far end of the corridor when Jane stopped in her track. She turned around and headed back the way they came. Tom had no idea what she was doing, but he followed suit.
Jane had suddenly remembered the lady in her 70s who lived next door to them. They called her Auntie Makcik. Jane began banging on Makcik's door, but got no answer. As the smoke thickened around them, Tom could see many of their neighbors — some still in their pajamas — running for safety. The thought of fear crossed his mind.
"She may have run for safety like everyone else! " Tom said. However. Jane refused to give up and said, " I know Makcik is still inside. " Jane was familiar with Makcik's daily routine and was certain she would still be sleeping. She pounded the door. "Go downstairs. Go now! Go! "
注意：1）续写词数应为150左右； 2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Tom noticed the flame was reaching up.
Luckily, some neighbors passing by stopped and offered help.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: So, you're a chef
M: Yes. I currently run the kitchen at a local private school. Before that, I trained as a manager at several busy London restaurants. But I hope one day to be my own boss. (1)
【分析】问题：男士将来想做什么？根据“Before that, I trained as a manager at several busy London restaurants. But I hope one day to be my own boss.”在此之前，我曾在伦敦几家繁忙的餐厅担任经理。但我希望有一天能成为自己的老板。故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
2．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Where do you want to go, madam
W: The Grosvenor Hotel, please. Before we set off, would you be able to give me change for a 50 note
M: Yes, madam. No problem. I always keep plenty of change in the taxi. (2)
【分析】问题：男士可能做什么？根据“I always keep plenty of change in the taxi. ”我总是在出租车里放很多零钱。可推知他可能是出租司机，故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地去抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
3．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: I'm sorry I'm late. I forgot to bring the book you lent me, and I had to go back to get it.
W: It's okay. But please send me a message next time! I didn't know where you were. (3)
【分析】问题：为什么女士对男士不满意？根据“But please send me a message next time! I didn't know where you were.”但请下次给我留言！我不知道你在哪里。故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，听录音前快速浏览选项，听录音时抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
4．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Wow, I love that dress on you.
W: Its length is perfect. But I'm not sure about the color. My skin color is a little dark and I wonder if it looks good. The indoor lights are too strong.
M: Let's see if we have the same dress in blue. (4)
【分析】问题：这位女士可能想买什么？根据“ Let's see if we have the same dress in blue.”让我们看看是否有同样的蓝色衣服。故选A。
【点评】考查对话型听力题。听前要快速浏览答语，理解答语意思，听时要注意力集中，选出答案。
5．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: There are so many plants in your house!
W: Yeah. I used to be a professional gardener, but my age eventually made it impossible. So now, I have my lovely little garden.
M: It's beautiful! (5) I feel like I'm traveling through a forest.
【分析】问题：男士在干什么？根据“There are so many plants in your house!”你家里有这么多植物！；以及“t's beautiful! I feel like I'm traveling through a forest.”太美了！ 我觉得我在穿越森林。故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地去听关键词。
【答案】6．C
7．A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: What are you up to this afternoon
M: I'm going to try out for the school musical. (6)
W: Me too! I hope to play the role of a famous actress. (6) What about you
M: I hope to be in the band.
W: What instrument do you play
M: Several, actually. My grandfather taught me to play the guzheng when I was little. It's a traditional Chinese instrument. Then I started violin lessons at primary school, and I took up the guitar a few months ago. (7)
W: Wow! Do you write songs as well
M: Not really. But I'd like to have a go at it someday!
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
6．问题：这位女士希望在学校剧中扮演什么角色？根据“ I'm going to try out for the school musical.”我打算参加学校的音乐剧。故选C。
7．问题：男士最近学了什么乐器？根据“ and I took up the guitar a few months ago.”几个月前我开始学习吉他。故选A。
【答案】8．B
9．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: My car is broken. (8)
M: Oh dear! Will you get it fixed (8)
W: Maybe not, it will cost too much. (8)
M: That's a shame.
W: Well, it is a very old car. It belonged to my grandfather, and I was lucky to
have it for this long.
M: How will you get to school now (9)
W: Not sure. I've been looking at buses, but I have to take three different ones to get to school.
M: That's not very convenient.
W: Exactly. Plus, it's expensive. I'm thinking about buying a bike, though. (9)
M: Great! Maybe we can meet up on the way and cycle together.
W: That would be fun!
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先阅读题目，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
8．问题：为什么女士放弃修车？根据“Maybe not, it will cost too much.”也许不会，这会花费太多。故选B。
9．问题：这位女士打算怎样去上学？根据“I'm thinking about buying a bike, though.”不过我在考虑买一辆自行车。故选C。
【答案】10．B
11．C
12．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: I can't believe it's raining again.
W: The radio said that it is going to rain all week.
M: It's too bad. Now we've got two weeks off from school, but it's too wet to go anywhere.
W: Yeah. I'm getting a little bored of sitting at home and watching TV.
M: I've got a weather app on my phone that gives you a 10-day report. Let's see what that says.
W: Okay.
M: It looks like the radio is right. It's going to rain until Friday. Then there's going to be some winds over the weekend. (10)
W: Oh, great! The wind is going to blow the rain clouds away.
M: Fantastic! We should make some plans to do something.
W: What about a picnic in the park
M: Great! Shall we go next Tuesday (12)
W: I promised our dad I'd help him with some housework on Tuesday. (11) (12)
M: Wednesday, then. Let's invite some friends and make a day of it!
W: No problem.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
10．问题：周末的天气会怎么样？根据“Then there's going to be some winds over the weekend. ”然后周末会有一些风。故选B。
11．问题：谈话人之间的关系是什么？根据“ I promised our dad I'd help him with some housework on Tuesday. ”我答应过我们的爸爸，星期二我会帮他做一些家务。故选C。
12．问题：这位女士下周二打算做什么？根据“ I promised our dad I'd help him with some housework on Tuesday. ”我答应过我们的爸爸，星期二我会帮他做一些家务。故选C。
【答案】13．A
14．A
15．B
16．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Hi Jane! I've never seen you here before. Have you recently joined (13)
W: No. I come here quite a bit. But I usually prefer to work out in the evenings. I'm not a morning person! (13) (14)
M: So, why did you come so early today (14)
W: I'm going to attend a big meeting this afternoon. I'm not sure how late I'll have to stay, so I thought it would be a good idea to get my workout done early! (14)
M: Good plan! I love working out the first thing in the morning. It gives me so much energy for the rest of the day.
W: Well, actually I am a bit nervous about my presentation today. (15)
M: Oh, you'll be fine. Any time I have a question about marketing, I always come to you! (16)
W: Just as any time my computer breaks, I come to you!
M: I hope it goes really well.
W: Thanks, Mike. See you in the staff restaurant at lunch
M: Sure thing! Enjoy your workout!
【点评】考查细节理解，首先理解题干，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
13．问题：对话可能发生在哪里？根据“ I come here quite a bit. But I usually prefer to work out in the evenings. ”我经常来这里。但我通常喜欢在晚上锻炼。可推知他们可能在健身馆，故选A。
14．问题：对话什么时候进行？根据“But I usually prefer to work out in the evenings. I'm not a morning person! ”但我通常喜欢在晚上锻炼。我不是早起的人！；以及“I'm not sure how late I'll have to stay, so I thought it would be a good idea to get my workout done early!”我不知道我要呆多久，所以我想早点完成锻炼是个好主意！可推知是在早上，故选A。
15．问题：女士感觉怎么样？根据“actually I am a bit nervous about my presentation today. ”实际上，我今天的演讲有点紧张。故选B。
16．问题：这位女士可能在哪个部门工作？根据“Any time I have a question about marketing, I always come to you!”每当我有关于营销的问题，我都会来找你！故选C。
【答案】17．B
18．B
19．A
20．B
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】 As a small child, I often wrote poems and short stories. My primary school teacher was impressed and would read my work to my classmates. I felt proud of my talent, and decided that one day I would become a famous writer. (20) In high school, I continued to write and even started my first novel. I also wrote for the school newspaper, and for several years I've considered becoming a reporter. I began studying journalism and communication at university. But within a few months, I realized that I had changed my mind. I was so busy with my studies that I didn't have time to write fiction, and I really missed it. So, with the help of my professor, I changed my major and gained a literature degree, (18) and I was much happier. After university, I got a job to write blogs for a small newspaper office. I continued my creative writing in my spare time and started to write science fiction. (19) I often wondered if I'd ever finish it! But I was determined to succeed. (20) It took me eight years in total to finish the fiction. And until 14 months ago, I finally found a publisher for my book. It's due to be published in six months! (19) I can't wait and I'm so glad that I never give up. (20)
【点评】考查听力理解能力，首先看懂问题，然后根据问题在文中找出依据，选出正确答案。
17．问题：发言人主要讲什么？根据短文内容可知，本文介绍了发言人的写作生涯，故选B。
18．问题：发言人最后在大学学习了什么？根据“So, with the help of my professor, I changed my major and gained a literature degree”所以，在教授的帮助下，我改变了专业，获得了文学学位，故选B。
19．问题：科幻小说什么时候出版？根据“ It's due to be published in six months!”它将在六个月后出版！故选A。
20．问题：如何描述发言人？根据“But I was determined to succeed.”但我决心要成功；以及“I can't wait and I'm so glad that I never give up. ”我迫不及待，我很高兴我从未放弃。故选B。
【答案】21．A
22．B
23．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了三种可再生资源。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
21．考查细节理解。根据Water Power部分中的“Water power is the world's biggest source of renewable energy by far, with China, Brazil, Canada, the U. S. , and Russia the leading water power producers.”水力发电是迄今为止世界上最大的可再生能源来源，中国、巴西、加拿大、美国和俄罗斯是主要的水力发电国；Wind Power部分中的“Wind turbines (涡轮) are growing around the globe, and China, the U. S., and Germany are the leading wind energy producers.”风力涡轮机在全球范围内不断增长，中国、美国和德国是主要的风能生产国；以及Solar Power部分中的“China, Japan, and the U. S. are leading the solar transformation, but solar still has a long way to go.”中国、日本和美国正在领导太阳能改造，但太阳能仍有很长的路要走。可知，中国在这三种可再生资源的生产中都处于主导地位。故选A。
22．考查推理判断。根据Water Power部分中的“Dams aren't the only way to use water for power. Tidal and wave energy projects around the world aim to capture the ocean's natural rhythms. The potential marine energy is great.”水坝并不是用水发电的唯一途径。世界各地的潮汐和波浪能项目旨在捕捉海洋的自然节奏。海洋能源潜力巨大。可知，除了水坝以外，还有潮汐和波浪能可以利用，以减少水电发电所造成的影响。故选B。
23．考查细节理解。根据Wind Power部分中的“Another problem with wind turbines is that they're a danger for birds and bats, killing hundreds of thousands annually that engineers are working on solutions to make them safer for flying wildlife.”风力涡轮机的另一个问题是，它们对鸟类和蝙蝠是一种危险，每年造成数十万只死亡，工程师们正在研究解决方案，以使它们对飞行的野生动物更安全。可知，风力发电对野生飞行动物的健康安全造成了威胁。故选C。
【答案】24．B
25．D
26．A
27．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；环境保护类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，美国的一个城市找到了一个有助于控制野火的秘密武器——山羊。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
24．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The best strategy to battle the fires and minimize the damage is to attempt to remove the fuel that enables the spread of the flames, in this case the dry weeds, trees and plants. If the things that are most likely to catch fire are gone, the fire is less likely to spread.”与火灾作斗争并将损失降至最低的最佳策略是试图移除使火焰蔓延的燃料，在这种情况下是干燥的杂草、树木和植物。如果最容易着火的东西都没有了，火势就不太可能蔓延。可知，山羊会吃掉可能会引发火灾的干枯的植物，从而防止野火发生。故选B。
25．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“They even fertilize(使肥沃)the area, a natural and free side effect of eating all those dry plants.”它们甚至会给该地区施肥，这是食用所有这些干燥植物的自然而免费的副作用。可推断，这个方法对环境是有益的。故选D。
26．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“For us, the combination of turning to goats for help with the quick fire response is an effective method of keeping our neighbors safe from disastrous wildfires,”对我们来说，向山羊寻求帮助与快速火灾反应相结合，是保护我们的邻居免受灾难性野火伤害的有效方法。可知，Khar Heae认为将依靠山羊控制野火和快速应对野火相结合是一个有效的方法，面对气候变化，人类更应该着眼于减少火源。可推断，Khan Helae高度赞扬依靠山羊控制野火这一创新的方式。故选A。
27．考查主旨大意。根据第一段“The city of West Sacramento in North California has found a creative secret weapon to help deal with this phenomenon: goats.”北加州西萨克拉门托市发现了一种创造性的秘密武器来帮助解决这一现象：山羊。可知，本文介绍了山羊是如何帮助控制野火的。“山羊有助于控制野火”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。
【答案】28．D
29．A
30．B
31．C
【知识点】主旨大意；推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种常见的心理现象—蔡加尼克效应。这种心理现象对我们的生活与学习有诸多启示。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
28．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“While sitting in a busy restaurant in Vienna, she noted the waiters had better memories of unpaid orders. Once the bill was paid, however, the waiters had difficulty remembering the exact details of the orders.”当她坐在维也纳一家繁忙的餐馆里时，她注意到服务员对未付订单有更好的记忆。 然而，一旦账单被支付，服务员就很难记住订单的确切细节；以及第二段中的“She discovered that those who had their work interrupted were twice as likely to remember what they had been doing as those who had actually completed the tasks.”她发现，那些工作被打断的人比那些实际完成任务的人更有可能记住他们所做的事情。可推断，蔡加尼克效应指人们对于尚未处理完的事比已处理完成的事情印象更加深刻。故选D。
29．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“After an hour-long delay, Zeigarnik asked the participants to give an account of what they'd been working on.”经过一个小时的拖延，Zeiganik要求参与者说明他们在做什么。可知，Zeigarnik要求参与者描述他们一直在做什么。故选A。
30．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“if you're struggling to memorize something important, momentary interruptions might actually work to your advantage. Rather than simple remember the information over and over again, review it several times and then take a break.”如果你在努力记住一些重要的东西，短暂的中断实际上可能对你有利。不是简单地一遍又一遍地记住信息，而是复习几遍，然后休息一下。 可推断，我们应该分几个时间段学习。故选B。
31．考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“One way to overcome this is to put the Zeigarnik effect to work.”克服这一问题的一种方法是使蔡加尼克效应发挥作用；以及下文讲述的实施过程可知，本段主要告诉我们如何有效利用蔡加尼克效应来改善拖延症。故选C。
【答案】32．D
33．C
34．B
35．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明，社会流动性中的职业抱负与后来的生活满意度之间有紧密联系。父母对孩子的期待影响着孩子的未来；学校应该让学生有更广阔的见识，注意自己适合的职业，以提高他们未来职业生涯的满意度。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
32．考查推理判断。根据第一段“Over the last few years, social mobility (流动性) between the generations has become an important topic. Many possible factors that prevent children from moving further up the social ladder than their parents have already been investigated, such as financial resources, the educational system and genetics. Recently, Dr. Reto Odermatt (University of Basel) and Prof. Dr. Warn Lekfuangfu (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid) conducted a study to investigate the connection between career aspirations (抱负) in social mobility and later life satisfaction.”在过去几年里，代际间的社会流动已经成为一个重要的话题。许多可能阻碍孩子比父母在社会阶梯上晋升地更高的因素已经被调查过，比如经济资源、教育系统和遗传。最近，Reto Odermatt博士（巴塞尔大学）和Warn Lekfuangfu教授（马德里卡洛斯三世大学）进行了一项研究，调查社会流动性中的职业抱负与后来的生活满意度之间的联系。可知，代际间的社会流动性是一个重要的社会话题，但是之前的研究涉及的是经济资源、教育系统和遗传等因素，因此这项新的研究——社会流动性中的职业抱负与后来的生活满意度之间的联系有重要的实际意义，第一段旨在强调这一点，故选D。
33．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Among other things, the dataset gathers together information on each individual's childhood environment, the backgrounds of their parents, the participants' abilities, their aspirations in their youth, their jobs and their happiness as an adult.”除此之外，该数据集还收集了每个人的童年环境、父母背景、参与者的能力、青年时期的抱负、工作以及成年后的幸福感等信息。可知，该调查研究涉及个人的许多方面。故选C。
34．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“We didn't expect parents' aspirations for their children to have such a strong influence.”没想到父母对孩子的期望会有这么大的影响力。可知，让研究者意外的是父母的期望对孩子的未来有很大影响。故选B。
35．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“‘This reminds us that we shouldn't leave it entirely to parents to influence children's career aspirations; schools can step in here,' Odermatt points out. Teaching staff could actively make teenagers aware of careers that suit their abilities. This could encourage them to look beyond their own horizons.”“这提醒我们，我们不应该完全让父母来影响孩子的职业抱负；学校可以介入，” Odermatt指出。师可以积极地让青少年意识到适合他们能力的职业。这可能会鼓励他们超越自己的视野。可知，老师应该帮助学生开阔眼界。故选A。
【答案】36．B；37．D；38．E；39．A；40．G
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，人们会因为不同的原因而流泪，在某些情况下，哭泣是正常的。但如果你经常无缘无故地流泪，这可能是一种病情严重的征兆。那么应该如何对待流泪呢？本文提出了一些行之有效的方法。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读， 要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
36．根据空前“Some people cry during movies, while others only tear up for very sad or happy moments. Sometimes, we even cry randomly.”有些人会在看电影时哭泣，而有些人只会在非常悲伤或快乐的时候流泪。有时候，我们甚至会随意地哭泣；以及空后“Each has its own job and flows from your tear ducts (泪腺) for a different reason.”每一种都有自己的功能，并且出于不同的原因从你的泪腺流出。可知，空前讲有时候我们会莫名其妙地哭；空后讲每种(眼泪)都有自己的职责，并出于不同的原因从你的泪腺流出。 B. We cry different types of tears. “我们会流出不同类型的眼泪”承上启下，符合语境。故选B。
37．根据空后“But if you tear up frequently for no reason, it might be a sign of a serious condition. If you notice that you're crying every day during normal activities, you may have depression. If you think you have depression, talk to your doctor right away to find the right treatment for you.”但如果你无缘无故地频繁流泪，这可能是一种严重状况的迹象。如果你发现自己每天在正常活动时都在哭，你可能患有抑郁症。如果你认为自己患有抑郁症，请立即与你的医生交谈，以找到适合你的治疗方法。可知，空后讲但如果你经常无缘无故地流泪，这可能是病情严重的一种征兆。如果你发现自己每天日常生活中都在哭泣，你可能患有抑郁症。 D. Crying can be normal in certain situations. “在某些情况下，哭泣是正常的”引出下文，符合语境。故选D。
38．根据空前“If someone begins to cry in front of you, your reaction may come from the discomfort you feel in this situation. Though you may not mean to, your response could cause the person who is crying to feel weak, embarrassed, or less understood. Instead of rushing to cheer a crier up or offer immediate help, sometimes it's best to give a person space to cry.”如果有人开始在你面前哭，你的反应可能来自你在这种情况下感到的不适。虽然你可能不是故意的，但你的反应可能会让哭泣的人感到虚弱、尴尬或不太被理解。与其急于让哭泣的人振作起来或立即提供帮助，有时最好给一个人哭泣的空间。可知，空前讲有时候，不要急着让一个哭的人高兴起来或立即提供帮助，最好给他哭的空间。 E. Sometimes tears are needed to process emotion. “有时候情绪是需要用眼泪来处理的”承接上文，符合语境。故选E。
39．根据空前“If you're around someone who is crying, respect their tears. Let them release (释放) their feelings and show them you care. Don't rush to offer advice or to say anything at all. Give them space to process and release their tears.”如果你身边有人正在哭泣，尊重他们的眼泪。让他们释放他们的感受，并表示你的关心。不要急于提出建议或说任何话。给他们处理和释放眼泪的空间；以及空后“Let them think and organize their thoughts. Accept the way they respond in the moment. Don't push them to feel a different way.”让他们思考并组织自己的思想。接受他们当时的反应。不要强迫他们有不同的感觉.可知，空前讲给他们空间来处理和缓解他们的眼泪；空后讲让他们思考和组织他们的想法。 A. Don't talk too much. “不要说太多话”承上启下，符合语境。故选A。
40．根据空前“It's best not to hold in emotions all the time.” 最好不要一直压抑自己的情绪；以及空后“If you need to control a cry, try to hold back your tears just until you're in a better place for them. This way you won't suppress (压抑) your emotions altogether.”如果你想控制自己的哭泣，试着忍住眼泪，直到你在一个更好的地方去面对它们。这样你就不会完全压抑自己的情绪。可知，空前讲最好不要总是压抑(自己的)情绪；空后讲如果你需要控制哭泣，试着忍住眼泪，直到你找到更适合(哭泣)的地方。G. However, sometimes it's important to hold back tears.“然而，有时候忍住眼泪是很重要的”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
【答案】41．C；42．A；43．D；44．C；45．A；46．B；47．A；48．D；49．B；50．C；51．A；52．C；53．A；54．B；55．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了校车司机爱德蒙和班长瓦伦丁在大雨倾盆的早上救出被洪水围困的两个孩子的故事。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
41．句意：一天早上，大雨倾盆而下，他和班长瓦伦丁接到电话，去接一个错过公交车的学生。A. look after“照顾”；B. send for“召唤，派人去请”；C. pick up“开车接”；D. call on“号召”。根据上文“Edmond was a school bus driver”和下文“What 2 them was that the student didn't turn up when they reached the specified place.”可知，爱德蒙和班长去接一个错过公交车的学生。故选C。
42．句意：让他们沮丧的是，他们到达指定地点时学生没有出现。A. discouraged“使沮丧”；B. bored“使厌烦”；C. excited“使激动”；D. impressed“使印象深刻”。根据上文“the rain pouring down”和空后“the student didn't turn up when they reached the specified place.”可知，那天早上大雨倾盆，他们专门去接那名学生，但学生却没有出现，这让他们很沮丧。故选A。
43．句意：爱德蒙和瓦伦丁没想到他们还有更大的任务要完成。A. dream“梦想”；B. goal“目标”；C. success“成功”；D. mission“使命，任务”。根据下文可知，爱德蒙和瓦伦丁在洪水中救出被困小孩，这是一个更大的任务。故选D。
44．句意：就在拐角处，他们发现两个孩子被困在汹涌的洪水中。A. diving“潜水”；B. playing“玩耍”；C. stuck“（在……中）卡住，陷住”；D. prepared“准备”。根据下文“The boy and the girl were struggling to hold onto a 5 to avoid being swept away.”可知，两个孩子被困在汹涌的洪水中。此处指。故选C。
45．句意：男孩和女孩挣扎着抓住一棵树，以免被卷走。A. tree“树”；B. belt“腰带”；C. seat“座位”；D. bus“公交车”。根据下文“the group made combined efforts to 12 the boy and the girl from the tree”可知，此处指男孩和女孩挣扎着抓住一棵树。故选A。
46．句意：爱德蒙和瓦伦丁迫不及待地想救他们，但他们都不会游泳。A. offer“提供”；B. wait“等待”；C. pretend“假装”；D. long“期待”。根据语境和常识可知，当时情况危急，所以爱德蒙和瓦伦丁迫不及待地想救他们。couldn't wait to do sth. 固定短语“迫不及待地做某事”。 故选B。
47．句意：采取行动意味着将自己的生命置于危险之中。A. lives“生命”；B. future“将来”；C. jobs“工作”；D. family“家庭”。根据空前“but neither could swim”可知，他们都不会游泳，在如此危急的情况下救人肯定意味着将自己的生命置于危险之中。故选A。
48．句意：由于这辆巴士是为有特殊需要的儿童而设计的，所以它配备了可拆卸的安全带。A. covered“覆盖”；B. decorated“装饰”；C. filled“填充”；D. equipped“安装”。根据空前“Since the bus was for special needs children”可知，此处指它配备了可拆卸的安全带。故选D。
49．句意：他们有了主意。他们立即把安全带系在一起，以便够到孩子们。A. suggestion“建议”；B. idea“主意”；C. belief“信念”；D. conclusion“结论”。根据下文“Immediately they tied the seat belts together so as to 10 the children.”可知，这是他们想到的主意。故选B。
50．句意：他们有了主意。他们立即把安全带系在一起，以便够到孩子们。A. lock“锁”；B. search“寻找”；C. reach“到达，能伸到”；D. hang“悬挂”。根据空前“they tied the seat belts together”可知，他们把安全带系在一起是为了够到孩子们。故选C。
51．句意：附近的邻居们也来到这里帮忙，小组共同努力将男孩和女孩从树上解救出来。A. assist“帮助”；B. cheer“欢呼”；C. respond“回应”；D. watch“观看”。根据空后“the group made combined efforts”可知，附近的邻居们也来到这里帮忙。故选A。
52．句意：附近的邻居们也来到这里帮忙，小组共同努力将男孩和女孩从树上解救出来。A. protect“保护”；B. tell“告诉”；C. free“释放，使解脱”；D. tear“撕”。根据上文“The boy and the girl were struggling to hold onto a 5 to avoid being swept away.”可知，两个孩子之前挣扎着抓住一棵树，他们通过把安全带系在一起把男孩和女孩从树上解救出来。故选C。
53．句意：他们制造了一条人链，把系好的皮带伸出来，直到爱德蒙牢牢抓住孩子们，把他们拉到安全的地方。A. extended“延伸”；B. pushed“推”；C. threw“扔”；D. kicked“踢”。根据语境可知，他们制造了一条人链，把系好的皮带伸出来去，把他们拉到安全的地方。故选A。
54．句意：这两个孩子很感激爱德蒙，给了他一个大大的拥抱。A. proud“自豪的”；B. appreciative“感激的”；C. fond“喜爱的”；D. tired“厌烦的”。根据空后“giving him a big hug”以及常识可知，孩子被营救出来，肯定心存感激。故选B。
55．句意：这一伟大的救援行动在社交媒体上疯传，并赢得了各方的赞扬。A. attitude“态度”；B. description“描述”；C. action“行动”；D. fortune“运气”。根据上文可知，爱德蒙和附近的邻居们共同努力将男孩和女孩从树上解救出来，所以这是一次救援行动。故选C。
【答案】56．Directed；57．the；58．whose；59．originally；60．is set；61．threatening；62．under；63．residents；64．its；65．to save
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，是对电影《流浪地球》的简介和影评。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，冠词，定语从句，副词，时态语态，介词，名词，代词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
56．句意：《流浪地球》由《我的老同学》的弗朗特·格沃执导，《战狼1》和《战狼2》的吴京主演，是2019年最受期待的电影之一。 direct 与主语 he Wandering Earth 是动宾关系，过去分词表被动，故填 Directed 。
57．句意：《流浪地球》由《我的老同学》的弗朗特·格沃执导，《战狼1》和《战狼2》的吴京主演，是2019年最受期待的电影之一。形容词最高级与定冠词连用，故填the。
58．句意：这部电影是根据刘慈欣的一个短篇故事改编的，他的旗舰作品《三体问题》原本应该在制作问题搁置这部电影之前接受电影化处理。此处是非限制性定语从句的引导词，先行词是 Liu Cixin ，在从句中作定语，修饰 flagship work ，应用关系代词whose，故填whose。
59．句意：这部电影是根据刘慈欣的一个短篇故事改编的，他的旗舰作品《三体问题》原本应该在制作问题搁置这部电影之前接受电影化处理。此处副词修饰谓语动词 was supposed 作状语，故填originally 。
60．句意：这部电影以未来的地球为背景，当太阳膨胀到红巨星阶段时，地球上的居民准备逃离太阳系，有可能将地球吞噬在火焰中。此处是谓语动词，与主语The film是被动关系，应用被动语态，结合语境应用一般现在时，故填is set。
61．句意：这部电影以未来的地球为背景，当太阳膨胀到红巨星阶段时，地球上的居民准备逃离太阳系，有可能将地球吞噬在火焰中。 a red giant phase 与 threaten 在逻辑上是主谓关系，现在分词表主动，故填 threatening 。
62．句意：随着不断膨胀的太阳改变了地球的气候，世界各国政府在联合国安理会的领导下团结起来，建造大型发动机，将地球推出太阳系，并推向附近的半人马座比邻星。 underthe leadership of，固定短语，“在......的领导下”，故填under 。
63．句意：与此同时，地球上的居民搬到地下城市进行长达数千年的运输。此处名词作主语，结合谓语动词，应用复数形式，故填 residents 。
64．句意：然而，就在地球开始穿越银河系之旅时，它被困在木星的引力井中——之后，这取决于吴京饰演的角色刘培强、他的岳父、他的儿子、他的养女，以及许多中国士兵和科学家拯救世界。此处形容词性物主代词作定语，修饰 journey ，故填 its 。
65．句意：然而，就在地球开始穿越银河系之旅时，它被困在木星的引力井中——之后，这取决于吴京饰演的角色刘培强、他的岳父、他的儿子、他的养女，以及许多中国士兵和科学家拯救世界。此处是固定句式 it's up to sb. to do，“由某人负责做......”，故填 to save 。
66．【答案】Dear Leo,
I'm delighted to know that you are interested in Chinese family culture. In your email, you said that you wanted to know something about my family spirit.
In fact, a lot of good qualities have been passed on from generation to generation in my family, such as honesty, bravery, perseverance and diligence and my parents have set good examples for me. My family spirit has a profound influence on me and thus I always follow what they have taught me. I'm always friendly to others and offer a helping hand when others are in trouble. I always cheer myself up and never stop chasing my goal even though I meet with difficulties. Due to those good qualities, I have made great achievements in my study and life.
Finally, I sincerely invite you to come to China and stay in my home for some time to experience more Chinese culture by yourself.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份写一封邮件介绍自己家的家风传承 。写作背景： 你的英国朋友Leo对中国人的家庭文化很感兴趣。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括： 1）你家的家风； 2）家风对你的影响。 提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。In your email, you said that you wanted to know something about my family spirit.运用了宾语从句；In fact, a lot of good qualities have been passed on from generation to generation in my family, such as honesty, bravery, perseverance and diligence and my parents have set good examples for me.运用了并列句； My family spirit has a profound influence on me and thus I always follow what they have taught me. 运用了并列句，宾语从句； I always cheer myself up and never stop chasing my goal even though I meet with difficulties. 运用了让步状语从句。
67．【答案】Tom noticed the flame was reaching up. Frozen with fear, he stood rooted to the spot. He comprehended the gravity of the situation and held Jane's hand tightly. By then, both of them were coughing and their eyes were stinging. Time seemed to stand still, though they were probably there for only two or three minutes. Tom begged Jane to run for safety as quickly as possible. Jane tried to shield her nose from the choking smoke and shook her head. She kept pounding against the door. Tom burst out crying.
Luckily, some neighbors passing by stopped and offered help. A sense of strength immediately replaced the mounting fear and anxiety in Jane's mind. She told them Makcik must be still in the room. They forced the door open with all their might. Sure enough, Makcik was lying in bed, unconscious. She was carried downstairs. And then some neighbours rushed her to the hospital, where she finally came to herself.
People in the neighbourhood felt relieved. Jane and Tom's joy was immense.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了10的汤姆和他的姐姐清晨发现所住的公寓发生火灾，简和汤姆冲出门，穿过烟雾沿着走廊走去，他们正朝走廊尽头的楼梯走去，这时简停住了脚步。她转过身，简突然想起了住在他们隔壁的那位70多岁的老妇人。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“汤姆注意到火焰正在蔓延”可知，第一段可描写简和汤姆救人的艰辛过程。②由第二段首句内容“幸运的是，一些路过的邻居停了下来，并提供了帮助”可知，第二段可描写在邻居的帮助下，那位70多岁的老妇人获救以及简和汤姆的心情。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如： Frozen with fear, he stood rooted to the spot.运用了形容词作状语； By then, both of them were coughing and their eyes were stinging.运用了并列句； Time seemed to stand still, though they were probably there for only two or three minutes.运用了让步状语从句；Sure enough, Makcik was lying in bed, unconscious. 运用了形容词作状语； And then some neighbours rushed her to the hospital, where she finally came to herself.运用了非限制性定语从句。
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