(共34张PPT)
Discovering Useful Structures—语法·提升语言能力
课时目标
1. 理解动词-ing形式作宾语补足语和状语的功能和意义。
2. 正确使用动词-ing形式描写人物的行为、动作及其发生的原因、目的、结果及伴随状况等。
语法项目——动词-ing形式作宾语补足语和状语
初识语法——在美文运用中体悟
A blonde got on an airplane, ①sitting down in the first class section and was heard ②singing happily.The flight attendant told her that she must move to coach because she didn't have a first class ticket.The blonde replied, “As long as there's an available seat，I'm staying in first class until we reach Jamaica.” The flight attendant got the head flight attendant, ③asking the woman to leave.
Again, she said，“As long as there's an available seat，I'm staying in first class until we reach Jamaica.” The flight attendants didn't know what to do because they had to get the rest of the passengers ④seated to take off, so they got the co-pilot.The co-pilot went up to the blonde，⑤whispering in her ear.She immediately got up and went to her seat in the coach section.The head flight attendant asked the co-pilot what he had said to get her ⑥to move.The co-pilot replied，“I told her the front half of the airplane wasn't going to Jamaica.”
①句中sitting down in the first class section是v.-ing形式短语作伴随状语；
②句中 singing是v.-ing形式作主语补足语；
③句中asking the woman to leave是v.-ing形式短语作伴随状语；
④句中seated是v.-ed形式作宾语补足语；
⑤句中whispering in her ear是v.-ing形式短语作伴随状语；
⑥句中to move是不定式作宾语补足语。
慧学语法——运用“形式—意义—使用”三维动态语法观
一、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语
动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时，与宾语之间构成主谓关系，即宾语是其逻辑上的主语。
[先感知]
①I felt somebody standing behind me.
②I saw the little boy crying there.
③We kept the fire burning all night long.
④I won't have you running about in the room.
⑤I couldn't do my homework with the noise going on.
⑥With so many people looking at her, she felt nervous.
[会发现]
1．句①②中 和 是表示感觉的动词。
2．句③④中 和 属于使役动词。
3．句⑤⑥是 。
[明规则]
1．表示感觉的感官动词(短语)(常见的有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等)＋sb.＋doing sth.(作宾补)。
2．表示指使意义的使役动词(常见的有have, let, keep, get, leave等)＋sb./sth.＋doing sth.(作宾补)。
3．with复合结构中，with＋名词/代词＋doing(作宾补)。
feel
see
keep
have
with复合结构
[名师点津] 使役动词接现在分词作宾语补足语表示“让……一直做某事”；接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语表示“让某人做某事”；接过去分词作宾语补足语，表示“主语请某人做某事，使完成某事或主语遭遇某事”。
[对点练]
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①They use computers to keep the traffic (run) smoothly.
②The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog _________(follow) them.
③He had the walls (paint) this morning.
running
following
painted
④(2022·全国乙卷)Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children (weep) from the cold.
(2)完成句子
①I suddenly felt by a heavy fist.
我突然感到自己被重重地打了一拳。
②I found at the door.
我发现一个乞丐站在门口。
③We shouldn't keep in the day.
我们白天不应该让灯开着。
weeping
myself being hit
a beggar standing
the lights burning
④With , he felt so proud.
所有的粉丝一起歌唱，他感到如此的骄傲。
⑤He wants to have tomorrow.
他明天想去检查眼睛。
all fans singing together
his eyes examined
二、动词-ing形式作状语
动词-ing形式作状语，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致，可表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、伴随等。
[先感知]
①Walking in the park, she saw an old friend.
＝When/While (she was) walking in the park, she saw an old friend.
②Being ill, he couldn't go to school.
＝As he was ill, he couldn't go to school.
③Working hard, you'll make great progress.
＝If you work hard, you'll make great progress.
④The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, allowing more patients to be treated.
⑤He was caught in the rain, thus making himself catch a cold.
⑥I hurried to school, only to find it was Sunday.
⑦Mary sat by the window of the classroom, reading a book.
＝Mary sat by the window of the classroom and was reading a book.
⑧Though knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage.
[会发现]
1．句①中动词-ing形式作时间状语，相当于一个 从句。
2．句②中动词-ing形式作原因状语，一般可转换成由as或because引导的 __________从句。
3．句③中动词-ing形式作 ，相当于if, unless等引导的条件状语从句。
4．句④⑤中动词-ing形式作结果状语，动词-ing形式作结果状语时，通常放在句末，中间用逗号隔开，表示一种顺其自然、意料之中的结果。句⑥中only后接不定式在句中作结果状语，表示 的结果。
5．句⑦⑧中动词-ing形式分别作 和 状语，作伴随状语时，表示的动作和主句的动作同时发生。
时间状语
原因状语
条件状语
意料之外
伴随
让步
[明规则]
动词-ing形式在句中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、结果、方式、让步或伴随状况等。
1．为强调动词-ing形式表达的意义，可在其前加上各种连词。例如，加上when, while，强调与谓语动词同时发生；加上before, after，强调动作先后发生；加上thus，强调结果；加上(al)though，强调让步等。
2．动词-ing形式作结果状语，表示随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果，前面有时候可以加thus。而不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果，有时前面可以加only。
[对点练] (完成句子)
①There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, .
没有什么比在草地中央平躺着盯着星星更快乐的事了。
② ,he can't afford a computer.
因为穷，他买不起电脑。
③Newly-built wooden cottages line the street， a dreamland.
新建的木屋林立在街道两旁，将这个古老的小镇变成了一个梦幻之地。
staring at the stars
Being poor
turning the old town into
三、动词-ing形式作状语的注意事项
(一)动词-ing形式的时态
[先感知]
①Walking in the street, I met some foreigners.
②Having finished the letter, he went to post it.
[会发现]
1．句①Walking和谓语动词met 发生；
2．句② 是先发生的， 是后发生的。
同时
Having finished
went
[明规则]
动词-ing形式作状语时，要注意时间性，是用其一般式(doing)，还是用完成式(having done)。
(1)动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生时，用一般式。
(2)动作先于谓语动词的动作而发生时，用完成式。
[对点练] (用所给词的适当形式填空)
①The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows, (make) air conditioning unnecessary.
② (work) for three hours, he took a rest.
③ (live) in Beijing for years, I almost know every place quite well.
④ (spend) nearly all our money, we couldn't afford to stay at a hotel.
⑤Nervously (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”．
making
Having worked
Having lived
Having spent
facing
(二)动词-ing形式的语态
[先感知]
①Having been shown around the factory, they were very happy.
②Having finished his homework, he went to bed.
[会发现]
1．句①Having been shown是动词-ing形式的 式。
2．句②Having finished是动词-ing形式的 式。
[明规则]
使用主动式还是被动式，这主要取决于动作和句子主语之间的关系，句子的主语就是动词 ing形式的逻辑主语。二者之间是主动关系则用主动式，是被动关系则用被动式。
被动
主动
[对点练] (用所给词的适当形式填空)
① (talk) to, you should look into the eyes of the person.
② (tell) for several times, he still couldn't understand the rules.
③ (receive) his reply, she rang him up.
④ (ask) to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.
Being talked
Having been told
Having received
Having been asked
(三)动词-ing形式的否定式：not＋doing; not having＋done
Not knowing this, he didn't come.
他不知道这件事，所以没来。
Not having made full preparations，we put off the sports meeting.
因为没有做好充分的准备，我们把运动会延期了。
(四)独立主格结构
[先感知]
①The trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres.
②The weather being fine, we went out for a walk.
[会发现]
1．句①中句子的主语是 ，独立主格结构的主语是 。
2．句②中句子的主语是 ，独立主格结构的主语是 。
[明规则]
动词-ing形式作状语，有时它也可以有自己独立的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构，通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况，也可以表示时间、原因或条件。
The trees
some
we
The weather
(五)动词-ing形式作评论性状语
有些动词-ing形式在句中没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在，它们往往作为句子的评论性状语来修饰整个句子，表明说话者的态度、观点等。例如：generally speaking“一般说来”， judging by/from ...“从……判断”，taking everything into consideration“从全盘考虑”。
Judging from his behaviour, he must be mad.
从他的行为来判断，他一定是疯了。
[对点练]
(1)完成句子
① (春天来了), the trees turned green.
② (一般说来), girls are more interested in literature than boys.
(2)用独立主格结构改写下列句子
①If weather permits, we shall go there on foot.
→ ,we shall go there on foot.
②After Mary came back, they discussed it together.
→ ,they discussed it together.
Spring coming on
Generally speaking
Weather permitting
Mary coming back
用所给词的适当形式填空
Today I performed in the school play.I did a good job！1. (see) all my family and friends in the audience applaud me, I 2. (feel) so confident and grateful.
At first, I hadn't realised how much work it would be.The teacher was very strict, 3. (make) me so nervous that I would forget my lines.I often stayed up late at night 4. (practise) my part.
Seeing
felt
making
practising
5． (feel) extremely discouraged, I almost gave up.But thanks to the support of my teacher, parents and friends, I overcame my fears, 6. (know) that I did the best I could.
It's an unforgettable experience.“No pains, no gains，” as the saying goes.
Feeling
knowing
学新知——学用结合方能“融会通”
1．Despite the difficult situation，Dr Bethune did whatever he could to assist the Chinese people.
尽管条件艰苦，白求恩大夫倾尽全力来帮助中国人民。
★assist vt.帮助；援助
[用法感知]
①(2022·全国乙卷)That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews' efforts.
那可能是危险的工作，在无人机的协助下，机组人员可以避免。
②(2021·全国乙卷)I love doing housework.I always assist my parents in doing the dishes after meals.
我喜欢做家务。我总是在饭后帮父母洗碗。
③Do you often assist your mother with the housework
你经常帮助妈妈做家务吗？
[归纳点拨]
[应用融会] (单句语法填空)
④I am willing to assist you with your Mandarin.
＝I am willing to assist you (learn) your Mandarin.
＝I am willing to assist you in (learn) your Mandarin.
⑤The charity aims to provide (assist) to people in need.
to learn
learning
assistance
2．After Dr Bethune's death, Chairman Mao Zedong wrote an article in memory of him, in which he praised Dr Bethune as a hero to be remembered in China.
白求恩大夫去世后，毛泽东主席写了一篇文章来纪念他，在文章中他赞扬白求恩大夫是中国值得纪念的英雄。
★in memory of 作为对……的纪念
[用法感知]
①(以文化人助写作)This festival is held in memory of Qu Yuan, a great poet and statesman in Ancient China.
举行这个节日是为了纪念中国古代伟大诗人和政治家屈原。
[归纳点拨]
in place of 代替；取代
in charge of 负责；掌管
in possession of 拥有；持有；占有
in search of 寻找
in favour of 赞同；支持
in terms of 就……而言
in case of 假使，如果
[应用融会] (选用以上短语填空)
②There, a big memorial has been built him, who devoted all his life to the Chinese revolution and construction.
在那里建了一座大的纪念碑来纪念他，他一生致力于中国的革命和建设事业。
③Scientists are a cure for the disease.
科学家们正在寻找这种病的治疗方法。
④Twenty years ago, his father was very rich and was a farm.
二十年前，他父亲很富有，拥有一个农场。
⑤ population, China is the largest country in the world.
就人口而言，中国是世界上人口最多的国家。
in memory of
in search of
in possession of
In terms of
“课时跟踪检测”见“课时跟踪检测（二）”
(单击进入电子文档)(共40张PPT)
Listening and Speaking—听说·强化交际技能
课时目标
1.泛听文章，熟悉话题语境，准确理解听力文本的内容。
2.精听文章，获取关键词及相关的细节信息。
3.能够掌握说话人态度的技能，并能结合活动主题表达自己面临道德困境时会如何选择。
背教材内词汇
1．moral adj. 道德的；道义上的
n. 品行；道德；寓意
2．virtue n. 高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质
3．dilemma n. 进退两难的境地；困境
4．moral dilemma 道德困境
5．faint vi. 昏倒；晕厥
adj. 不清楚的；微弱的
背同“主题”佳句
“互帮互助”欢乐多
1．As far as I'm concerned, to build a good relationship, we should trust each other first.
就我个人而言，要建立良好的关系，我们首先应该彼此信任。
2．As the old saying goes, “A friend in need is a friend indeed.”
常言道，“患难见真情。”
3．As we all know, making friends can help us establish good interpersonal relationships, and build a harmonious society.
众所周知，交友有助于我们建立良好的人际关系，也有利于构建和谐社会。
4．In my opinion, this relationship should be filled with love, care, understanding, and respect, so we can exchange ideas freely and get along well with each other.
我认为，这种关系应该充满爱、关心、理解和尊重，因此我们能够自由地交换观点，并且能够相处融洽。
5．It was your help and kindness that made my study and life in the UK special and enjoyable.
正是你的帮助和友好让我在英国的学习和生活既特别又快乐。
教材为基——课内听力4 遍过
Step 1 过词块(英汉互译)
1．moral dilemmas _________
2．all the time _____
3．take the entrance exam ______________
4． 旁边
5． 照顾
6．put the needs of the other person first _______________________
道德困境
一直
参加入学考试
next to
look after
把对方的需要放在第一位
7． 放弃
8． 因……而著名
9．care for ____________
10．tens of thousands of __________
11．be full of _____
12．stop sb.from _____________
13．be in need _____
give up
照顾；关心
成千上万
充满
阻止某人……
需要
become famous for
Step 2 过句式(完成句子)
1．It's ,and you have to choose one, but for moral reasons, sometimes .
当你有两个选择时，你必须选择一个，但出于道德原因，有时真的很难做出决定。
2．It mentions a girl for a medical university in Beijing.
它提到一个正在北京参加一所医科大学入学考试的女孩。
3．That's — but not this girl.
那是我这么想的，但不是这个女孩。
when you have two choices
it could be really difficult to decide
who was taking the entrance exam
what I thought
4．She stopped to help the student， to put the needs of the other person first.
她停下来帮助那个学生，认为把对方的需要放在第一位更好。
5．So she became a doctor that day!
所以她成为了一名医生，尽管那天她没有参加完考试！
thinking that it was better
even though she left her exam
Step 3 过关键信息
Listen to the conversation and decide whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F)．
1．Jane is reading an interesting article on the Internet. ( )
2．Moral dilemmas don't happen to students. ( )
3．Lin Qiaozhi took the entrance exam for a medical university in Beijing. ( )
4．The girl next to Lin fainted and Lin helped her. ( )
5．Lin always cared for others more than for herself. ( )
F
F
T
T
T
Step 4 过文意理解
Listen to the conversation again and fill in the blanks.
Lin Qiaozhi was taking the entrance exam for a 1. in Beijing.During the exam, the student next to her 2. .The girl had a 3. .Should she finish the exam or should she stop and help the student She 4. ________to help the student, thinking that it was better to put the needs of the other person 5. .She never finished the exam.Instead,
medical university
fainted
choice
stopped
first
she carried the student to a 6. and looked after her.Then she went to the hospital with the student and called her sister.She later DID get into medical university and then she became a great 7. .She became famous for caring for tens of thousands of 8. .Her life was full of hard choices, but she did not let them stop her from taking care of people who were in need.She always cared for others more than for herself.
safe place
women and their babies
doctor
知能为先——必备知能一站明
(一)如何推测态度
听力测试中常涉及推测态度题，因此在听录音时，你不仅要注意说话人所说的内容，还要注意说话人的语调。如果人们强烈不同意某件事，他们可能会夸大自己的语调。如果你听到有人说话很快或很大声，他们可能很兴奋或生气。如果他们说得很慢或经常停下来，他们可能会感到困惑或不确定自己在说什么。推测说话者的态度，应注意一些有倾向性的词语和转折连词，如would rather, would like to, prefer, but 等。因为这类词语常常表达事与愿违的事实或后悔已做过的事情。
[典例] (2022年全国甲卷听力第16题)
Q：What is Susan's attitude to John's problem
A．Carefree.
B．Understanding.
C．Forgiving.
[听力原文]
…
M：Well, early last March, I started doing a part-time job in a law firm. A few weeks before, I had started writing my term paper. I thought I could finish it by August.
W：That was a pretty good idea — trying to have some work experience.
M：For the first three weeks, you know, I tried. I got up early and worked for an hour on my paper before going to work. But work was so fun! I met tons of new people and soon I couldn't find even a minute for my paper.So I had to quit my part-time job and finally finished my paper in October.
W：Well, it's never too late to mend. It's kind of hard to find a balance between what you have to do and what you want to do.
[分析] 首先根据题干中的关键词“attitude”可知，这是一道询问态度的试题，听时要仔细听与态度相关的词句。根据对话中最后一句“在你必须做的事情和你想做的事情之间很难找到平衡。”可推知，苏珊对约翰的问题是理解的，故答案是B项。
Ⅱ.请写出下列句子是升调还是降调
1．When's Women's Day？ _____
2．Can I try it？ _____
3．Here you are. _____
4．Do you like milk or cola？ ________
5．What's your favorite season？ _____
降调
升调
升调
前升后降
降调
二、听力仿真训练
听第1段材料，回答第1题。
1．Where does the conversation probably take place
A．In a train. B．In a plane. C．In a restaurant.
听第2段材料，回答第2题。
2．What does the woman think of the people there
A．They were interesting.
B．They were friendly.
C．They were honest.
听第3段材料，回答第3题。
3．Why does the man think his bill was wrong
A．He forgot he ordered a small plate.
B．He believed his waitress is dishonest.
C．He thought he ordered a cheaper main dish.
听第4段材料，回答第4题。
4．What quality is a must in the woman's opinion
A．Being hard-working.
B．Being honest.
C．Being friendly.
听第5段材料，回答第5题。
5．Why hasn't Adam come yet
A．He was absorbed in his work.
B．He quarreled with the woman.
C．He wasn't informed of the meeting time.
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．How will the woman go to the Art Gallery
A．By car. B．By bus. C．By subway.
7．Where is the Art Gallery
A．At Stone Road.
B．At Fifth Avenue.
C．At Washington Street.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．What does the speaker say about gift-giving rules in North America
A．Strange. B．Frightening. C．Simple.
9．What does the speaker think of Japanese gift-giving rules
A．Strict.
B．Out-of-date.
C．Detailed and ancient.
10．What can be inferred from the speech
A．Color plays an important role in gift-giving.
B．Middle Easterners seldom give flowers as gifts.
C．Friends usually give no gifts to each other in the US.
答案：1～5 BBCBA 6～10 BACCA
附：听力材料
(Text 1)
M：You can sit in my place if you like a window seat.
W：Oh, it's very kind of you, ①but mine is right over a wing.I would be able to see anything.Thanks anyway.
(Text 2)
M：Good morning, Sue! How is your holiday Did you enjoy it
W：Yes, I had a great time.I went to Inner Mongolia with some of my friends.②The people there were nice.We met some farmers and they invited us to have tea in their house.
(Text 3)
M：Waitress! I think there's something wrong with our bill.
W：No, I don't think so ...$10 for the drinks, 15 for the small plate, and 20 for the main dish.
M：What I knew the cheese sticks were 15.③I always order cheese sticks, but I thought the main dish was $10.
W：Oh, that explains it.You think the bill should be $35.
(Text 4)
M：So，what sort of person are we looking for
W：Well, they'd have to be reliable，of course.④Honesty is definitely important.I don't want to find that we are about to go out and that they haven't shown up, or that they are running late or something.
(Text 5)
M：Where is Adam He was supposed to meet us here half an hour ago, but he hasn't come yet.
W：I've just phoned and we've had a quarrel.⑤He was busy with the contract and didn't notice the time.
(Text 6)
W：Excuse me, sir.I'm new here.Can you tell me how to get the Art Gallery
M：Are you driving or taking public transport such as the subway
W：⑥I'm taking the bus.
M：That's good.It's slower, but you'll get to see more of the city on the bus.First you have to walk east to Washington Street where you catch the No.4 bus.Take it for five stops.Get off it at Fifth Avenue and transfer to No.9 bus going west.⑦Then ask the driver to let you off at Stone Road.Finally you can see the Art Gallery at the corner.You can't miss it.
W：Thanks.I appreciate your help.
(Text 7)
The last area of behavior that I want to mention today is gift-giving.The rules of gift-giving vary quite a lot, and not knowing them can result in great embarrassment.⑧In North America, the rules are fairly simple.If you're invited to someone's home for dinner, bring wine or flowers or a small item from your country.Among friends and family, we generally don't give gifts on other occasions except on someone's birthday and Christmas.⑨The Japanese, on the other hand, give gifts quite often, often to thank someone such as a teacher or a doctor for their kindness.In Japanese culture, as in many other cultures in Asia, the tradition of gift-giving is very ancient.
⑩There are many detailed rules for everything from the color of the wrapping paper to the time of the gift presentation.Middle Easterners are also generous gift givers, both in social and business situations.And while Europeans don't generally exchange business gifts, they do follow some formal customs when visiting homes, such as bringing flowers.The type and color of flowers, however, can carry special meaning, depending on which European country we are talking about.
?加练新题型
Listen to Text 7 again and match the information.
1．North America A．often to thank someone such as a teacher or a doctor for their kindness
2．Japanese B．follow some formal customs when visiting homes, such as bringing flowers
3．Middle Easterners C．bring wine or flowers or a small item from your country
4．Europeans D．generous gift givers, both in social and business situations
答案：1～4 CADB
三、口语交际训练
根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
A. He got fainted.
B．What happened to him
C．What help did you give him
D．Here is a letter of thanks for you.
E．I called the police and we took Mr Black to the hospital.
答案：1～5 DCBAE
If people strongly disagree with something, they might exaggerate their intonation.
如果人们强烈反对某事，他们可能会夸大他们的语调。
★disagree with不同意，与……有分歧；不一致；不适应
[用法感知]
①I disagree with the premise that economic development has priority over the environment.
我不赞成经济发展应优先于环境这个前提。
②(以文化人助写作)David is an honorable person — respected even by those who disagree with him.
大卫是一个可敬的人——甚至受到与其有分歧的人们的尊重。
[归纳点拨]
(1)disagree vi. 不同意；有分歧；不一致
disagree with sb.on/about/over sth. 与某人在某事上有分歧
disagree with sb. (食物或天气等)使某人不适应
(2)disagreement n. 分歧；争论；不一致
in disagreement with 与……不符合；与……不一致
[应用融会] (单句语法填空)
③I don't like the books, which disagree me.
④To be frank, I disagree with you the matter.
⑤I disagree you on how to decorate the house.
⑥(2022·全国甲卷)The (disagree) was so sharp that neither he nor I knew how to settle it.
with
on/over/about
with
disagreement(共25张PPT)
Listening and Talking—听说·强化交际技能
课时目标
1.能够听懂友善主题的文章大意，准确获取关键信息。
2.能够讲述亲身经历或听到的关于善行的故事。
背教材内词汇
1．chain n． 一连串(人或事)；链子；链条
2．café n. 咖啡馆；小餐馆
3．waitress n. (餐馆的)女服务员；女侍者
背同“主题”佳句
学会“给予”，收获幸福
1．As the saying goes，“Giving is much better than receiving.”
常言道， “给予总比接受好。”
2．Everyone was very happy with those unexpected gifts, especially little kids and elderly people.
每个人都对那些意想不到的礼物感到高兴，尤其是孩子们和老人们。
3．True friendship should be based on mutual understanding, not on mutual benefit.
真正的友谊应该基于相互的理解而非相互的利益。
4．Make full use of your passion and kindness to bridge the gap between you and others.
充分利用你的热情和善良架起你和他人之间的桥梁。
5．Only as we have the right attitude toward ourselves can we have the right attitude toward others.
只有当我们能正确地对待自己时，我们才能正确地对待他人。
教材为基——课内听力4 遍过
Step 1 过词块(英汉互译)
1． 偿还
2．show kindness to someone else _________
3．give sb.an example of ___________________
4． 抛锚
5．pay for her meal __________
6．walk out _______
7． 有一个惊喜的结局
8． 发现
pay back
善待他人
给某人举……的例子
break down
为她付饭钱
走出去
have a surprise ending
find out
Step 2 过句式(完成句子)
1．Paying it forward means that ,you don't try to pay them back.
将爱心传递出去意味着如果你从别人那里得到了善意，你不用试图偿还他们。
2．The song starts with a man .
这首歌的开头是一个男人在帮助一位汽车抛锚的女士。
3．Then the lady walks out, .
然后这位女士走了出去，留下零钱和一张纸条给女服务员。
if you receive kindness from someone
who helps a lady whose car has broken down
leaving the change and a note for the waitress
4．The waitress goes home to her husband, _________________________________
.
女服务员回到她丈夫身边，因为这位女士对她的友好而感到高兴。
5．Then we find out that he's the man !
然后我们发现他是第一个开启仁慈之链的人！
6．We never know by our kindness.
我们永远不知道我们的善良会给别人带来什么影响。
happy because of the kindness the
who first started the chain of kindness
lady showed her
what light we might spark in others
Step 3 过关键信息
Listen to the conversation and decide whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F)．
1．The radio program is for those who come home from work. ( )
2．Paying it forward means that if you receive kindness from someone, you need pay them back. ( )
3．The song “The Chain of Love” is created by Kevin Miller. ( )
4．The man who first started the chain of kindness is the waitress's husband. ( )
5．Nearly 40 people paid for the coffee of the person behind them. ( )
T
F
F
T
F
Step 4 过文意理解
Listen again and fill in the blanks.
“Paying it forward”means that if you receive 1. from someone, you don't try to pay them back.Instead, you go out and 2. kindness to someone else.One woman, after paying for her coffee, then quietly paid for the coffee of the 3. behind her.When that customer 4. his coffee had been paid for, he paid for the customer behind him.The chain of kindness 5. for hours.Nearly 400 people paid for the coffee of the person behind them! Let's join the chain of kindness today and 6. the millions of people who are “paying it forward”！
kindness
show
customer
discovered
continued
join
训练为重——能力提升多听说
一、听力仿真训练
听第1段材料，回答第1题。
1．What does the man want to do
A．Take photos.
B．Buy a camera.
C．Help the woman.
听第2段材料，回答第2题。
2．What does the woman want
A．A one-dollar bill.
B．Some coins.
C．A parking place.
听第3段材料，回答第3题。
3．Why does the woman break the rule for the man
A．He is very polite.
B．He is seriously ill.
C．He can't afford a full checkup.
听第4段材料，回答第4题。
4．What do we know about the boss
A．He's impolite.
B．He's funny.
C．He's kind-hearted.
听第5段材料，回答第5题。
5．Which year of college is the woman in
A．The second year.
B．The third year.
C．The fourth year.
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Which position does the man most probably hold
A．General manager.
B．Secretary.
C．Department manager.
7．What do you think the man will do this weekend
A．Have relaxation.
B．Continue working.
C．Help the woman.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．When did the woman catch the thief
A．On Monday afternoon.
B．On Monday morning.
C．On Tuesday morning.
9．What did the thief buy
A．Some small articles.
B．Some of the cheapest things.
C．One of the most expensive dresses.
10．What's the real relationship between the assistant and the thief
A．Shop assistant and customer.
B．Teacher and student.
C．Mother and daughter.
答案：1～5 ABAAC 6～10 AABAC
附：听力材料
(Text 1)
M：I've got my camera with me.①But am I allowed to take photos here
W：I think so.It doesn't say you can't.
(Text 2)
W：②Do you have any change for one dollar
M：What do you want it for
W：I need to pay for the parking fee.
M：I can just give you 4 quarters if that'll help you.
(Text 3)
M：My doctor's away on vacation.He always gives me this to reduce my pain, but I've run out of my pills.I wonder if, uh, you might be able to give me some.
W：You really should have a thorough checkup，③but you're the most polite patient I've seen all week, so I'll break the rule for you.
(Text 4)
W：How was your dinner party
M：I think it went pretty well.People really seemed to enjoy themselves.But we shouldn't have invited my wife's boss again.④He stayed until two o'clock in the morning!
(Text 5)
W：You want to see me, Mr Wallace
M：Yes, Laura.Please sit down.How are things going
W：Quite well, thank you.I'm quite busy — graduate papers, exams and job interviews ...⑤You know，four years at college goes quickly!
M：Laura, you are such a polite, hardworking and helpful student.You have set a good example to everyone.
(Text 6)
M：Oh，I'm exhausted.
W：Why are you so tired？What did you do today
M：There were so many things to do.
W：Did you do all those things by yourself
M：Oh，yes.I had to.I had to check the new products.⑥I had to hold the meeting with the department managers.I had to listen to their reports and give my comments.That's my job，you know.
W：Well，it sounds like you really had to do all those things.But you shouldn't work too hard.Do you know what you should do at the moment
M：What
W：Take some time off.
M：Go on holiday
W：⑦To relax yourself.How about having a trip this weekend
M：You mean having a picnic
W：Yes.
M：Great idea!
(Text 7)
W：People are not so honest as they once were.
M：Why do you say so
W：Some people are tempted to steal in large shops.
M：Did you catch one of them
W：Yes, ⑧on Monday morning.There were few people in the shop, so I could catch the thief easily.
M：Was it a man or a woman
W：A middle-aged woman.⑨She first bought some small articles.Then she chose one of the most expensive dresses in the shop.
M：Did she catch the dress away quickly regardless of the assistants
W：Certainly not.An assistant wrapped it up for her and helped her walk out of the shop without paying.
M：An assistant How could she do that
W：⑩She is the daughter of the woman.The girl “gave” her mother a free dress once a week!
?加练新题型
Listen to Text 7 again and then fill in the blanks.
People are not so 1. as they once were.Some people are 2. to steal in large shops.On Monday morning, there were few people in the shop, so I could catch a thief 3. .A middle-aged woman first bought some small articles.Then she chose one of the most expensive 4. in the shop.An assistant 5. it up for her and helped her walk out of the shop without paying.She is the daughter of the woman.The girl “gave” her mother a free dress once a week!
honest
tempted
easily
dresses
wrapped
二、口语交际训练
根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
A．But I've found that sharing knowledge with colleagues can be misunderstood sometimes.
B．That helps a lot.
C．It might be because I like sharing my experience and knowledge with them.
D．Some people will misunderstand your intentions.
E．I've noticed that you are very popular with your colleagues.
答案：1～5 ECADB(共78张PPT)
Reading and Thinking—读思·发展思维品质
课时目标
1.略读文章，识别人物传记体裁的特征和语言特点。
2.能够根据文章提供的细节信息对人物的个性和品格作出合理的推断和概括。
3.基于文章内容联系生活，针对人生抉择发表自己的看法。
4.掌握本课时重点单词、短语及句型的用法。
一、背阅读单词——会认就行
1．tuition n． (小组)教学；讲课
2．fee n. 专业服务费；报酬
3．union n. 协会；联合会；工会
4．clinic n. 诊所；门诊部
5．faraway adj. 遥远的
6．decade n. 十年；十年期
7．elsewhere adv. 在别处；去别处
8．kindergarten n. 学前班；幼儿园
9．principle n. 道德原则；法则；原则
10．passive adj. 被动的；顺从的
二、背重点单词——写对才行
1． adj. 珍稀的；宝贵的
2． vt. 委托；交付
3． n. 大部分；大多数
4． n. 奖学金
5． vt. 聘任；雇用；租用
n. 租借；租用
6． n. 同事；同僚
7． n. 员工；全体职员
8． vt. 接替；取代；更换
precious
entrust
majority
scholarship
hire
colleague
staff
replace
三、背拓展单词——活用才行
1． vt.(举例)说明；阐明；给(书或文章)加插图→ illustration n．插图；示例
2． n．结婚；婚姻→marry v．结婚；嫁；娶
3． vi.& vt.抱怨；发牢骚→complaint n．抱怨；牢骚
4． vt.回答；回复 vi.做出反应；回应→ n．反应；回答；
回复
5． n．医师；(尤指)内科医生→physics n．物理学→physical adj.身体的；物质的→physically adv.身体上
illustrate
marriage
complain
respond
response
physician
6． vt.拒绝接受；不录用→ n．拒绝接受；否决
7． vt.任命；委派→appointment n．任命；约定
8． vt.选举；推选→ n．选举；推选；当选
9． vt.照顾；照料 vi.倾向；趋于→tendency n．倾向；趋势
10． vt.发表(作品)；出版→publication n．出版
11． vi.& vt.退休；退职；退出→retirement n．退休；退职
reject
rejection
appoint
elect
election
tend
publish
retire
12． n．节省物；节省；节约；[pl.]储蓄金；存款→save v．节省；挽救
13． adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→ vt.惊吓；使害怕 vi.受惊吓
14． adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的→sharply adv.锋利地；急剧地→sharpen vt.使锋利
15． n．保险；保险业→insure vt.投保
16． adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的→energetically adv.精力充沛地→energy n．精力；能量
saving
scared
scare
sharp
insurance
energetic
四、背短语、词块——多积更行
1． 看到……的内心世界
2． 帮助某人渡过难关
3． 从……毕业
4． 需要
5． 有时
6． 发挥关键作用
look into the heart of
carry sb. through sth.
graduate from
in need of
at times
play a key role
7． 关心；照顾；喜欢
8． 对……负责
9． 把……看作/视为……
10． 作为……而出名
11． 在某人的一生中
12． 易于做某事；往往会发生某事
care for
be responsible for
treat ... as ...
be known as
in one's lifetime
tend to do sth.
五、背重点句式——不背不行
1.
悟原句 To a person nothing is more precious than their life，and if they entrust me with that life，how could I refuse that trust, saying I'm cold, hungry, or tired？(否定词与比较级连用，表示最高级含义)
对一个人来说，生命是最宝贵的。而现在这个人对你说，我把生命交给你，那么你还说什么呢？你冷？你饿？你困？
写佳句 Nothing is playing table tennis.
没有什么比打乒乓球更令人愉快的了。
more enjoyable than
2.
悟原句 She responded, “I'd rather stay single to study all my life！”(would rather＋动词原形)
她回答：“我宁愿一辈子不嫁人，也要学医！”
写佳句 She than surrender before the enemy.
她在敌人面前宁死不屈。
would rather die
3.
悟原句 She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.(名词前有序数词修饰时后接不定式作定语)
她随即成为北京协和医院妇产科聘任的第一位女住院医师。
写佳句 He is always .
他总是第一个来公司的工人。
the first worker to come to the company
4.
悟原句 At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care.(“be seen doing sth.”表示“被看到正在做某事”，现在分词作主语补足语)
有时，人们甚至会看到她骑着毛驴去偏远的乡村给人看病。
写佳句 In the video, the man can his mobile phone in his hand.
在视频中，可以看到该男子正手持手机。
be seen holding
5.
悟原句 The new People's Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role.(see在本句中意为“目睹；见证”，是拟人化的修饰手法)
中华人民共和国成立后，林巧稚医生发挥了更大的作用。
写佳句 The past three decades in China.
过去的三十年见证了中国巨大的变化。
have seen great changes
第一遍 泛读通文意
MOTHER OF TEN THOUSAND BABIES
“Life is precious.... To a person nothing is more precious than their life , and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust， saying I'm cold, hungry, or tired ”These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman, and what carried her through a life of hard choices.
As a five-year-old girl, Lin Qiaozhi was deeply affected by her mother's death. At age 18, instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls, she chose to study medicine.“Why should girls learn so much Finding a good husband should be their final goal！” her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees. She responded, “I'd rather stay single to study all my life！”
Eight years later, Lin graduated from Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) with the Wenhai Scholarship, the highest prize given to graduates. She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. Within six months, she was named a chief resident physician， a position that usually took four years to achieve. After working for a few years, she was sent to study in Europe and then, in 1939, in the US. She greatly impressed her American colleagues， who invited her to stay. Dr Lin, however, rejected the offer. She wanted to serve the women and children at home.
In 1941, Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be appointed director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital, but just a few months later, the department was closed because of the war. Thinking of all the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened a private clinic. She charged very low fees to treat patients and often reduced costs for poor patients. At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care.
The new People's Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role. In 1954, she was elected to the first National People's Congress and, over the next several decades, she held many important positions. Her heart, however, was elsewhere. She was more interested in tending patients, publishing medical research on care for women and children, and training the next generation of doctors. “The OB-GYN department cares for two lives，” she told new staff in her department.“As doctors, we should be responsible for the patients and treat them as our sisters.”
Though Lin Qiaozhi never married, she was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”， having delivered over 50,000 babies in her lifetime. Dr Lin did not retire until the day she died, 22 April 1983. Since she had no children of her own, she left her savings to a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors. And even as she lay dying, her final thoughts were for others. “I'm ready to go，” she said.“Don't try to rescue me any more. Don't waste the medicine any more.”
[参考译文]
万婴之母
“生命是宝贵的……对一个人来说，生命是最宝贵的。而现在这个人对你说，我把生命交给你，那么你还说什么呢？你冷？你饿？你困？”从林巧稚医生的这番话，我们可以看到这位伟大女性的内心世界，以及到底是什么支撑着她走过充满艰难抉择的一生。
[句式释解]
句 否定词和比较级连用表示最高级含义，相当于their life is the most precious。
句 现在分词短语作伴随状语。
句 the heart of this amazing woman和what carried ...共同作介词into的宾语，what在宾语从句中作主语。
林巧稚五岁时母亲病故，这对她影响极大。十八岁时，她没有像大多数的女孩那样走上婚姻这一传统道路，而是选择了学医。“女孩子读那么多书干嘛？找个好丈夫才是她们的归宿！”她的兄弟一想到高昂的学费就这么抱怨。她回答：“我宁愿一辈子不嫁人，也要学医！”
[句式释解]
句 介词短语作状语。
句 动名词短语Finding a good husband作主语，现在分词短语thinking of the high tuition fees作状语。
八年之后，林巧稚从北京协和医学院毕业，并获得了该校毕业生的最高荣誉奖——“文海”奖学金。她随即成为北京协和医院妇产科聘任的第一位女住院医师。不到六个月，她就成了住院主任医师，而升任这一职位通常需要四年时间。工作了几年之后，她被派往欧洲学习，之后于1939年又赴美学习。美国同行对她印象极佳，邀请她留下。但是，林医生谢绝了邀请。她希望服务祖国的妇女和儿童。
[句式释解]
句 名词短语作同位语。
句 名词前有序数词修饰时，常用不定式作定语。
句 名词短语作同位语，解释说明a chief resident physician，其中that引导定语从句，修饰a position。
句 who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词her American colleagues。
1941年，林医生成为北京协和医院妇产科的首位中国籍女主任，但是仅仅数月之后，妇产科就因为战争而关闭。想到还有那么多人需要帮助，林医生开办了一间私人诊所。她向病人收取的治疗费用极低，而且经常为穷苦病人减免费用。有时，人们甚至会看到她骑着毛驴去偏远的乡村给人看病。
第二遍 精读提素养
步骤一|先明文章主旨大意，知写了什么
What's the main idea of the text
A．Lin Qiaozhi's belief in childhood.
B．Lin Qiaozhi's study.
C．Lin Qiaozhi's career.
D．Lin Qiaozhi's contributions to medicine and great influence on society.
答案：D
步骤二|再逐段精读文章，看怎样写的
阅读文章第1、2段，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
What can we learn from the second paragraph
A．Dr Lin married earlier.
B．Her mother complained about her learning medicine.
C．Her brother was against her studying medicine.
D．Dr Lin gave in to her brother.
答案：C
2．表达的技巧
(1)第1、2行中的nothing is more precious than ...用得恰到好处，突出了生命的宝贵，语气表达非常强烈。nothing is more than “没有比……更……的了”。
试翻译下面句子：
没有什么比你的健康更重要的了。
(2)第15行中用would rather表明了林巧稚学医的决心。
试翻译下面句子：
他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。
Nothing is more important than your health.
He would rather keep time for his hobbies.
阅读文章第3、4段，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1)Dr Lin was really in the field of medical research.
A．normal B．outstanding
C．ordinary D．traditional
答案：B
(2)Which of the following is NOT the reason why Dr Lin opened her own clinic
A．To help those in need of help.
B．To reduce costs for poor patients.
C．To make some money to do other things.
D．To continue her wish to treat patients.
答案：C
2．表达的技巧
(1)第22、23行中使用介词短语Within six months 放在句首作状语，强调了林巧稚用时之短、进步之快以及她对医学掌握的熟练程度。
(2)第30行中使用the first，说明了林巧稚在此方面开创了历史先河，突出了她在医学方面的成就。
试完成下面句子：
In 2012, Liu Yang became from China .
2012年，刘洋成为第一位进入太空的中国女宇航员。
the first female astronaut
to go into space
阅读文章第5、6段，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1)What can we know about the life of Dr Lin
A．She had children of her own.
B．She was interested in the positions in government.
C．She devoted herself to the patients.
D．She built a kindergarten to help the poor.
答案：C
(2)Which of the following can best describe Dr Lin
A．Warm-hearted and careful.
B．Positive and confident.
C．Devoted and thankful.
D．Hard-working and kind.
答案：D
2．表达的技巧
(1)第41行中的key用词贴切，说明了林巧稚在医学方面发挥的巨大作用和影响力。
(2)第60、61行中使用了两个否定祈使句，突出了林巧稚弥留之际仍心怀他人的高贵品质。试翻译下面句子：
Don't make a promise when you are in joy.Don't reply when you are sad.Don't make a decision when you are angry.Think twice and act wise.
在喜悦时不要许下诺言。伤心的时候不要回答。在生气的时候不要做决定。三思而后行。
步骤三|读后理层次结构，析有何逻辑
本文是一篇人物小传。文章按照时间顺序叙述了林巧稚的一生，其中着重描写了她曾面临的人生抉择，而林巧稚所作出的抉择无一不反映了她坚定的信念、美好的心灵、高度的职业责任感和奉献精神。文章不仅将林巧稚的生平经历进行了简要概括，还呈现了一些打动人心的细节，多处引用林巧稚的原话的英译，这些话语真实、具有说服力，从正面体现了林巧稚的高贵品质和精神。
阅读技巧：人物传记是通过对典型人物的生平、生活、贡献功绩、思想风貌等多方面进行综述的一种文学体裁，多以第三人称叙事，通常会交代人物的生卒时间和地点，介绍该人物的家庭背景、童年时光、重大的生活转折点，会对人物的性格、品质特点进行分析，引用人物自身或熟知其人的第三方话语作为佐证，往往还会对该人物的影响进行说明。
步骤四|最后知选文意图，思有何价值
树立良好的道德观念
本文倒数第二段最后一句提到As doctors, we should be responsible for the patients and treat them as our sisters.“作为医生，我们必须对患者负责，视她们如姐妹。”由此可以看出林巧稚所具有的高尚的道德观念。林巧稚的故事对于我们有重要的教育意义，能够激励我们坚持信念和梦想，理解生活的价值和意义，努力抓住机遇，把握自己的人生。我们要树立良好的道德观念，心系家国情怀，强化责任担当，激扬青春、崇尚奋斗，为建设祖国美好家园贡献智慧与力量。
请体会并记住下面的句子：
①Virtue exists mostly in good habits.
美德大多存在于良好的习惯之中。
②To live is to make others live a better life. —Lei Feng
活着，就是为了使别人活得更美好。 ——雷锋
③To make everything around put glorious greatly, oneself also should be like a candle burning. —Gorky
要使周围的一切都大放光彩，自己也应该像蜡烛那样燃烧。 ——高尔基
第一板块 单词和短语——点点清
1．These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman, and what carried her through a life of hard choices.
从林巧稚医生的这番话，我们可以看到这位伟大女性的内心世界，以及到底是什么支撑着她走过充满艰难抉择的一生。
★carry sb.through sth.帮助某人渡过难关
[用法感知]
①(以文化人助写作)His determination carried him through the difficulty.
他的决心帮他渡过了难关。
②The girl's courage carried her through her illness.
女孩的勇气使她战胜了疾病。
[归纳点拨]
carry through 顺利完成；进行到底
carry out 执行；实行；贯彻；实现
carry on 开展；坚持；继续
carry forward 继承；弘扬
[应用融会] (选用以上适当的短语填空)
③The activity is aimed at the traditional Chinese culture.
这次活动旨在弘扬中国传统文化。
④We should the plan strictly and carefully.
我们应该严格认真地执行这个计划。
⑤We hope that more artists will and develop the folk art.
我们希望更多的艺术家能够坚持和发展民间艺术。
⑥It was my mother that me my hard time in middle school.
是我的母亲帮助我渡过了中学的艰难时期。
carrying forward
carry out
carry on
carried
through
2．At age 18, instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls，she chose to study medicine.
十八岁时，她没有像大多数的女孩那样走上婚姻这一传统道路，而是选择了学医。
★majority n．大部分；大多数
[用法感知]
①People all have dreams inside their heart, but the majority choose not to pursue them.
人们心中都有梦想，但是大多数人选择不去追求梦想。
②When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.
说到教育，大部分人认为它是一个终生学习的过程。
轻巧识记
归纳点拨 (1)a/the majority of ... 大多数……
be in the/a majority 占大部分/大多数
(2)minority n. 少数；少数派/人
in the minority 占少数
[名师点津] “the/a majority of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与of后面的名词保持一致；the majority单独作主语时，谓语动词可以用单数(视为整体)或复数(考虑其个体)。
[应用融会] (单句语法填空)
③Only a minority people in that city do not have a car while the people taking subway to work are the majority.
④The majority of the damage (be) easy to repair.
of
in
is
3．...her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees.
……她的兄弟一想到高昂的学费就这么抱怨。
★complain vi.& vt.抱怨；发牢骚
[用法感知]
①(以文化人助写作)In time of difficulty, what we need is not to complain to each other but to understand each other.
遇到困难的时候，我们需要的不是相互抱怨，而是相互理解。
②We should strictly obey traffic rules, stopping at the red light rather than complaining about traffic jams.
我们应严格遵守交通规则，红灯的时候停下来而不是抱怨交通堵塞。
[归纳点拨]
(1)complain (to sb.) about/of (doing) sth. (向某人)抱怨/投诉(做)某事
complain (to sb.) that ... (向某人)抱怨/投诉……
(2)complaint n. 抱怨；不满；投诉
make a complaint about ... 投诉……
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
③She often complains not feeling appreciated at work.
④Several passengers complained the air company about the bad service on the flight.
⑤If you wish to make a (complain) about that, you should see the manager.
(2)句式改写(改写为复合句)
⑥They complained about the low wages.
＝They the wages were too low.
about/of
to
complaint
complained that
4．She responded, “I'd rather stay single to study all my life！”
她回答：“我宁愿一辈子不嫁人，也要学医！”
★respond vt.回答；回复vi.做出反应；回应
[用法感知]
①I offered to help him on WeChat and kept waiting for his response, but he didn't respond.
我在微信上主动提出帮助他，并一直等着他的答复，但他没有回复。
②(2022·全国甲卷)He took me to the museum and I responded very strongly to what I saw on the walls there.
他带我去了博物馆，在那里，我对我在墙上看到的东西反应很强烈。
③The product was developed in response to customers' demand.
这种产品是为满足顾客的需求而开发的。
[归纳点拨]
(1)respond to ... 对……做出回应或反应
(2)response n. 回答；答复；反应
in response to 作为对……的答复/反应
make (a) response to 回答；对……做出回应
[应用融会] (单句语法填空)
④With the help of his teammate, the operator responded immediately the accident.
⑤He contributed many books to the poor children response to my request.
⑥She made no (respond) to my question, which made me very angry.
to
in
response
5．In 1941，Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be appointed director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital, but just a few months later，the department was closed because of the war.
1941年，林医生成为北京协和医院妇产科的首位中国籍女主任，但是仅仅数月之后，妇产科就因为战争而关闭。
★appoint vt.任命；委派；安排；确定(时间、地点)
[用法感知]
①He was appointed as manager and wanted to tell his girlfriend the good news at the appointed time，but she missed their appointment somehow.
他被任命为经理，并且想在约定好的时间告诉女友这个好消息，但不知为什么，她错过了约定。
[归纳点拨]
(1)appoint sb.as/to be ... 任命某人为……
appoint sb.to do sth. 委派某人做某事
(2)appointment n. 任命；约会；约定
make an appointment with sb. 与某人约会
have an appointment with sb. 与某人有一个约定
keep/break an appointment 守/违约
[应用融会] (单句语法填空)
②We appointed him president of the club.
③We are considering appointing him (act) as secretary.
④I left early because I had an (appoint) later that day.
[联想发散]
表示“职场经历”的高频单词
①apply v． 申请 ②interview v． 面试；采访
③appoint v. 任命；委派 ④promote v. 升职
⑤dismiss/fire v. 开除；解雇 ⑥resign v. 辞职
as
to act
appointment
6．She was more interested in tending patients, publishing medical research on care for women and children, and training the next generation of doctors.
她更感兴趣的是治病救人、发表妇幼护理医学研究成果、培养下一代的医生。
★tend vt.照顾；照料；护理vi.倾向；趋于；易于
[用法感知] (写出下列各句中tend的含义)
①(2020·天津高考)Scientists tend to be curious and ambitious. _____
②He tends to lose his temper when he hears bad news. _____
③Ambulance crews were tending to the injured. _____
倾向
易于
护理
[归纳点拨]
(1)tend to do/be ... 易于做……/趋向……
tend (to) sb./sth. 照顾/护理某人/某物
(2)tendency n. 趋向；倾向
have a tendency to do sth. 倾向于做某事；喜欢做某事
There is a tendency for sb.to do sth. 某人有做某事的倾向
[应用融会] (单句语法填空)
④Women tend (live) longer than men.
⑤She had a tendency (talk) fast when she was nervous.
to live
to talk
第二板块 句式和语法——句句通
1．Thinking of all the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened a private clinic.
想到还有那么多人需要帮助，林医生开办了一间私人诊所。
[感知将学语法]
句中Thinking ...是现在分词短语作伴随状语，think of 与Dr Lin 之间为主谓关系。下节还将要学到动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的用法。
The new People's Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role.
中华人民共和国成立后，林巧稚医生发挥了更大的作用。
2．To a person nothing is more precious than their life，and if they entrust me with that life，how could I refuse that trust, saying I'm cold, hungry, or tired
对一个人来说，生命是最宝贵的。而现在这个人对你说，我把生命交给你，那么你还说什么呢？你冷？你饿？你困？
[归纳点拨]
本句中使用了“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级的用法。通常译为
“没有比……更……的了；没有像……一样……的了”。这种结构中的常用否定词还有no, not, never, nobody, hardly, seldom等。
[应用融会] (完成句子)
①I have .
我没看过比这部更好的电影。
②No one can be than she is.
没有人比她更细心。
③—How did your interview go
—I about it!
——你的面试如何？
——我对那次面试的感觉再好不过了！
④Nothing is .
这是最容易的事。
never seen a better film than this
more careful
couldn't feel better
easier than this
3．She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.
她随即成为北京协和医院妇产科聘任的第一位女住院医师。
[归纳点拨]
句中不定式to be hired作定语，修饰the first woman。名词前有序数词、形容词最高级修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语。
①It was the first play to win all three of these major awards.
它是赢得所有这三项大奖的第一部戏剧。
英语中常用不定式作后置定语的情况还有：
(1)被修饰词前有the only, the very, the next等时。
②The next thing to do is to relax yourself completely.
下一步要做的事情是完全放松你自己。
(2)抽象名词time, way, ability, reason, chance, courage, opportunity等后常用不定式作定语。
③I had a chance to visit the Great Wall last month.
上个月我有一个机会游览了长城。
(3)不定代词something, nothing, little等后常用不定式作定语。
④I have something important to tell you.
我有重要的事要告诉你。
续
表
[名师点津]
(1)作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，不定式后面就要有必要的介词。
(2)如果不定式所表示的动作不是由主语发出，则不定式应使用被动语态。
[应用融会] (完成句子)
⑤I don't think he is the job because he is careless.
我认为他不是做这项工作的最佳人选，因为他不细心。
⑥Amy was at the top of the mountain.
Amy 是唯一一个到达山顶的人。
the best man to do
the only person to arrive
⑦She has only a little room .
她只有一个小房间居住。
⑧I am going to Beijing next week.Do you have to your son
我下周打算去北京，你有东西要带给你儿子吗？
to live in
anything to be taken
4．The new People's Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role.
中华人民共和国成立后，林巧稚医生发挥了更大的作用。
[归纳点拨]
一些动词如see, feel, find, watch, witness等，可以用地点或时间名词作主语，表示某地或某时“经历、发生、目睹”了某事，这是英语中一种拟人化的修辞手法。
[应用融会] (完成句子)
① many changes of this city.
这座石桥见证了这个城市的诸多变化。
②The city of the war.
这个城市见证了战争的爆发。
③ a little girl crying in the street.
黄昏时，一个小女孩在街上哭。
The stone bridge saw
witnessed the outbreak
The dusk found
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The proposal supported by a large (大多数) of the teachers was accepted.
2．He hadn't paid his television licence (费用) by the end of last month.
3．We are working for the (联合会) of the two countries.
4．I came to talk to you because I wanted to apply for a (奖学金)．
5．They have just returned from (遥远的) places with wonderful stories to tell.
majority
fee
union
scholarship
faraway
6．I (委托) my cat to a friend while I was away.
7．We've gone to the opposite extreme of a few (十年) ago when parents tended to be more strict.
8．They were living rather well, in comparison with people (在别处) in the world.
9．The (全体职员) are not very happy about the latest pay increase.
10．The little boy was ill and his mother sent him to a (诊所)．
entrusted
decades
elsewhere
staff
clinic
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．He was trapped in an unhappy (marry)．
2．Although this reason might not be true, but such (respond) was understandable.
3．The (physics) made a careful examination for him.
4．The (reject) of such plans does not mean we are not interested.
5．The government held a general (elect) 5 years ago.
marriage
response
physician
rejection
election
6．When I was young, I was often asked, “What is your occupation____________ (tend)？”
7．I wrote a letter of (complain), and the manager has promised to look into the matter.
8．The boys were still standing there, too shocked and (scare) to move.
9．We have an excellent (retire) plan and medical insurance as well.
10．The wide spread (publish) of traffic laws helps prevent accidents.
tendency
complaint
scared
retirement
publication
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．Some courses help students get a job after they school.
2．It's a difficult job but she's the person to it .
3．It seemed to be her task to her brother's children.
4．Our head teacher us her own children, so all the students in our class think highly of her.
all one's life， graduate from， in need of， treat ...as ...，be known as， of one's own， be responsible for， care for， carry ...through， at times
graduate from
carry
through
care for
treats
as
5．The children should cleaning their own rooms.
6．One can get a little house in the country with a garden .
7．When they got there, they found the people suffering the storm were_________ food and water supplies.
8．Samuel Clemens, who Mark Twain, became a famous American writer.
9．He went to the badminton club during his school days.
10．An old farmer spent on his farm in the country in the southeast of England.
be responsible for
of one's own
in need of
was known as
at times
all his life
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．They are really pleased that they .
他们真的很高兴有一个舒服的房子来居住。
2．The ancient temple of the village in the past two hundred years.
这座古庙见证了过去二百年里这个村庄的巨大变迁。
3．From my point of view, a mother's love.
就我个人而言，母爱是最伟大的。
have a comfortable house to live in
has seen great changes
nothing is greater than
4．We turned around and in the lake.
我们转过身，发现一个小女孩在湖中挣扎。
5．Mice ran out of the fields .
老鼠跑出田野，寻找藏身之处。
found a girl struggling
looking for places to hide
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
MOTHER OF TEN THOUSAND BABIES
When Lin Qiaozhi was five, her mother died,1. affected her deeply.At 18，she chose to study medicine against her brother's will.Eight years later，Lin graduated from Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) with the Wenhai Scholarship, the highest prize 2. (give) to graduates.She 3._____________ (immediate) became the first woman to work as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.After several years, she 4. (send) to study in Europe and then, in 1939, in the US.She left such a good impression 5. ___her American colleagues that they invited her to stay.However，Lin rejected the offer and returned to China.
which
given
immediately
was sent
on
In 1941, Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman 6. (appoint) director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.When the department was closed because of the war, she opened 7. private clinic to continue to treat patients.
After the new People's Republic of China was founded, Dr Lin Qiaozhi held many important positions. But she was 8. (interest) in tending patients, publishing medical research 9. training new staff in her department.Dr Lin never married and she kept working until her death in 1983.She left her 10. (saving) to a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors.
to be appointed
a
more interested
and
savings
“课时跟踪检测”见“课时跟踪检测（一）”
(单击进入电子文档)(共43张PPT)
Reading for Writing—读写·体现学以致用
课时目标
1.能够通过人物言行的对比，分析道德故事的深层内涵。
2.结合现实生活案例发表自己的见解和看法。
3.运用所学词汇和句式写一篇观点明确、层次分明的故事评论。
课文语基积累
(一)背重点词汇
1． vt. 装扮；假扮；掩盖
n. 伪装；化装用具
2． n. 枫树；槭树
3． n. 手推车；运货马车
4． vt.&vi.(spilt/spilled, spilt/spilled) (使)洒出；(使)溢出
5． vi. 跛行；一瘸一拐地走
disguise
maple
cart
spill
limp
6． n. 眼泪；泪水
7． n．&vt. 伤害；损害
8． n. 绝望
vi. 绝望；感到无望
9． n. 力量；威力
10． 被……绊倒
11. 流着泪；含着泪
12． 处于绝望中
13． 大量
tear
harm
despair
might
trip over
in tears
in despair
a great deal (of)
(二)背经典句式
1．He crashed into the stone, spilling the milk everywhere.
他撞在石头上，牛奶四处飞溅。
2．Neither she nor her friends thought about moving the stone out of the road.
无论是她自己，还是她的同伴，都没有想到把石头从路中间挪开。
3．Now the gold is yours, because you are the only person who has learnt the lesson I wanted to teach my people.
现在，金币归你了，因为我想教给我的子民的道理，只有你一人学会了。
写作素材积累
(一)背写作词汇
1．passage n. 文章
2．comment n. 评论；议论
3．recommend vt. 推荐；介绍
4．highlight n. 最好(或最精彩、最激动人心)的部分
5．theme n. 主题；主题思想
6．lesson n. 教训
7．principle n. 道理；原则
8．be recognised 被认可
9．learn from 从……中学到
10．do a good deed 做好事
11．moral character 道德品质
12．take action 采取行动
(二)背写作佳句
1．常用开头句
①The title of the fable is ...
这个寓言的标题是……
②It is a fable about ...
这是一个关于……的寓言
③The story mainly tells us ...
这个故事主要告诉我们……
2．常用中间句
①The purpose of the author is to ...
作者的目的是……
②The details of the story were ...
故事的细节是……
③The author achieved its purpose ...
作者达到了目的……
④The message conveyed here is very clear.
这里传达的信息非常清楚。
3．常用结束句
①In my opinion, I like/dislike ...
在我看来，我喜欢/不喜欢……
②I would like to recommend it to ...
我想把它推荐给……
③What impresses me most is that ...
给我印象最深的是……
④I like the story because ...
我喜欢这个故事，因为……
(三)背续写佳句
读后续写微技能之描述“鼓励”之情
1．After that, Spotty and I became more friendly. I really appreciated his courage.
从那以后，斯波蒂和我变得更友好了。我真的很欣赏他的勇气。
2．Harry was clear he must give an explanation, so he gathered his courage to open his mouth, “I'm sorry.”
哈利很清楚他必须给出一个解释，所以他鼓起勇气开口说：“对不起。”
3．Instead, everyone will cheer for you when you are running!
相反，当你跑步时，每个人都会为你欢呼！
4．David was inspired instantly and accepted to run.
大卫立刻受到鼓舞，接受了跑步。
5．He had worked for it, and he wouldn't give up!
他为此付出了努力，他不会放弃的！
6．Upon dashing towards the finishing line, a wave of thunderous applause flooded in.
冲向终点线时，一阵雷鸣般的掌声涌了进来。
7．It was you who made me realize that just be myself, and I can be the master of my destiny.
是你让我意识到，仅仅做我自己，我就可以主宰自己的命运。
8．We were filled with hope and excitement to find such a building in the middle of nowhere.
在这么偏僻的地方找到这样的建筑，我们充满了希望和兴奋。
写作项目——Share your opinions about a moral story
本单元的写作任务是写一篇故事评论。写作时首先了解故事的内涵，对故事进行由表及里的分析，正确解读作者的观点，以批判的眼光看待故事中的人物和逻辑关系；然后联系生活实际，谈论现实生活中相似的状况或情景，客观审视自我和他人面对问题及障碍时的言行，合理组织语言，表达自己的感悟和看法。
由课文学写作范式(写得“像模像样”)
(一)常用范式推荐
(二)写作要点指津
在写故事评论时要注意：
1．不要写成读后感，直接对作品进行分析，不要加入个人的感性评论或抒情，也就是说，分析要理性。
2．简要叙述故事梗概后，在发表个人观点时，要给出原因，以使评论更具有客观性。
由课文学亮点表达(写得“韵味十足”)
阅读文章第一部分(Paragraph 1)，习得以下素养
?学写作手法
第一段第一句中的Once upon a time 是常用的故事开头语，然后作者用One day开始叙述故事。
阅读文章第二部分(Paragraphs 2～5)，习得以下素养
?学亮点表达
本部分多处使用了现在分词短语：spilling the milk everywhere, each balancing a pot of water on her head，crashing to the ground, making an attempt to move it，使得句子形象、生动，故事的情景历历在目，突显出作者较强的语言功底。
[微点写作] (完成句子)
① many times, he didn't still lose heart.
失败了很多次后，他依然没有灰心。
②Look at the people .
看那些人正躺在沙滩上。
③The little boy went upstairs .
那个小男孩走上楼去，后面拖拽着他的玩具熊。
?学逻辑衔接
第二部分主要是按照时间顺序展开的，并运用Early one morning, Then, After a while, all day等时间副词使句子之间层次清晰、衔接紧密、语意连贯。
Having failed
lying on the beach
trailing his teddy bear behind him
阅读文章第三部分(Paragraphs 6～9)，习得以下素养
?学亮点表达
第三部分第八段第三句使用了If not 省略句。运用省略结构既可以避免重复表达，又可以使得语言更加精练，突显表达效果。
[微点写作] (完成句子)
①Please correct my mistakes .
如果有的话，请改正我的错误。
②He may be busy. ,I'll call later. ,can I see him now
他可能忙，如果是这样，我以后再来拜访。他如果不忙，我现在可以见他吗？
if any
If so
If not
[应用体验]
假定你是李华，请你给学校英语校报写一篇关于《孔融让梨》的英文评论。内容包括：
1．故事梗概； 2．内容分析；
3．个人观点。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
根据提示完成短文，选择恰当的句子并认真抄写在文中空白处。
“How does Kong Rong share the pears” is ① . When Kong Rong was four years old, he could divide the pears according to the order of age. Everyone ② ， but the one given to him is the least. He said respect for the elderly is ③ .
The author wants to tell us: to learn respect for the elderly, and ④ .The story is short, the thread is clear, and ⑤ .
I like this story so much that I would like to recommend it to the readers.
A．know how to respect
B．gets his share
C．a story of virtue
D．the principle of life
E．it serves its purpose of educating the world well
答案：①～⑤ CBDAE
1．Early one morning, the king disguised himself and went to a local village.
一天清晨，国王乔装打扮一番后，来到了当地的一座村庄。
★disguise vt.装扮；假扮；掩盖 n.伪装；化装用具
[用法感知]
①(以文化人助写作)Yang Zirong went among the enemy in disguise.
杨子荣化装打入敌人内部。
②We wore the colourful clothing at the party. I disguised myself as an old man.
在派对上，我们穿着鲜艳的服装。我化装成了一位老人。
[归纳点拨]
in disguise 化了装地；乔装改扮地
there's no disguising the fact that ... ……是无法掩盖的事实
disguise oneself as 伪装成；化装成
[应用融会] (完成句子)
③I thought maybe you were a policeman .
我还以为你是一个便衣警察。
④ their team is much better than ours.
他们队比我们的强多了，这是无法掩盖的事实。
⑤ Hua Mulan a man so she could fight on the battlefield.
花木兰女扮男装，这样她就能在战场上战斗了。
in disguise
There's no disguising the fact that
disguised herself as
2．The king was in despair.
国王陷入了绝望。
★despair n．绝望 vi.绝望；感到无望
[用法感知]
①Those who abandon themselves to despair can't succeed.
那些自暴自弃的人无法成功。
②Many who came in despair went away in hope.
许多人带着绝望而来，却满怀希望而去。
[归纳点拨]
[应用融会] (完成句子)
③I could do nothing but run from his room .
我无能为力，只能绝望地从他的屋里跑开。
④My handwriting was .
我的字使老师们感到十分失望。
⑤He did not victory in the end.
他没有失去赢得最后胜利的信心。
(1)in despair 处于绝望中
the despair of sb. 令某人毫无办法
(2)despair of sth. 对……感到绝望或丧失信心
in despair
the despair of my teachers
despair of
3．Is there no one in this village who feels any responsibility to keep their neighbours from harm
难道整个村子都没有一个人觉得有责任让邻居免遭不测吗？
★harm n．&vt.伤害；损害
[用法感知]
①As is known to all, smoking harms our health.
众所周知，吸烟有害健康。
②Modern farming method does great harm to the countryside.
现代的耕作方式对乡村造成很大的损害。
③The haze is quite harmful to our health.
这种雾霾对于我们的健康十分有害。
[归纳点拨]
(1)do harm to sb./sth.＝do sb./sth.harm 对某人/某物有害
There is no harm in doing sth. 做某事无害
(2)harmful adj. 有害的
be harmful to 对……有害
harmless adj. 无害的
[应用融会] (单句语法填空)
④As parents，they have responsibility to make sure we won't (harm)．
⑤Eating and drinking too much will surely do harm their health.
⑥We can't tell the difference between the true and the false, which may be
(harm) to our study and life.
be harmed
to
harmful
4．After a great deal of effort, she finally succeeded in moving it to the side of the street.
费了好大一番功夫，她终于成功地把石头推到了路边。
★a great deal of 大量；许多
[用法感知]
①There is a great deal of evidence indicating that listening to soft music can reduce stress.
有大量证据表明，听轻音乐可以减轻压力。
②I am ready to do anything that I can for you, because I owe you a great deal.
我愿意为你做任何我能做的事，因为我欠你很多。
[归纳点拨]
(1)a great deal可用作副词性短语，修饰动词、形容词，尤其是修饰形容词比较级。
(2)a great deal还可以作名词短语，用作不可数名词；可作主语或宾语，作主语时谓语动词用单数。
(3)a great/good deal of常修饰不可数名词，表示“大量的；非常多的”。
[联想发散]
[应用融会] (完成句子)
③Communicating with him has given her much more confidence.
经常和他交流已经给了她更多的信心。
④She ran faster than I.
她跑得比我快得多。
⑤After several years' self-study, he acquired knowledge.
经过几年的自学，他获得了许多知识。
a great deal
a great deal
a great deal of
语基综合训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Tell them the (寓言) about the fox and the grapes.
2．There are a great many (枫树) on the north side of the garden.
3．People pulled (手推车) of fruits and vegetables along the streets.
4．As we knew, he had to (跛行) because of his injured leg.
5．On the track, she ran to the finish line with all her (力量)．
6．The supposed beggar was really a police officer in (伪装)．
fable
maples
carts
limp
might
disguise
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Staying up late at night is (harm) to your health.
2．I didn't know I was going to say them until they came (spill) out.
3．After he failed many times, he soon gave up the attempt despair.
4．Hearing the sad news, she left the room tears so I went after her.
5．Supposing that you are right, we'll make great deal of money from the project.
6．If you leave your shoes lying around like that, you'll trip them.
harmful
spilling
in
in
a
over
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．I before my mother arrived at home.
在我妈妈到家之前，我一直在打扫卫生。
2．When you your habits, you will feel more comfortable.
当你尝试改变你的习惯时，你会感觉更舒服。
3．I think there's a train at midday. ,you'll have to wait till 12：30.
我想正午会有一班火车。要是没有，你只好等到十二点半了。
had been doing the cleaning
make an attempt to change
If not
4．He tried his best to ，but he failed.
他尽力劝阻她去南方，但是失败了。
5．With your help, I my English exam.
在你的帮助下，我成功地通过了英语测验。
keep her from going to the south
succeeded in passing
写作专项训练
Ⅰ.应用文写作
假定你是李华，请你给学校英语校报写一篇关于《守株待兔》的英文评论。内容包括：
1．故事梗概；
2．内容分析；
3．个人观点。
注意：写作词数应为80左右。
参考范文：
“Waiting for a rabbit” is a fable about a farmer in ancient times who accidentally got a hare killed on a tree stump. From then on, he dropped his hoe and waited beside the stump all day long. The purpose of the author is to tell us: only through their own labor can people gain something.Or they will eventually get nothing, leaving a lifetime of regret. The story is short, the thread is clear, and it fully serves the author's purpose of warning the world. I like this story as a reminder that I can't do things by accident. I would like to recommend this story to readers.
Ⅱ.读后续写(基础性)
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。词数80左右。
This whole mess started about two months ago, when Jay felt pretty terrible and didn't feel like doing homework.
“Hi, Jay.How was your day Do you have any homework？” Mom asked, when he came home from school.“Uh, I don't have any，” he said.“I finished it at school.” It was only a little lie, he thought.And besides, he told himself, he would just do his homework on the bus ride the next morning, so maybe it didn't even matter.
A few days later it happened again.When Mom asked about his homework, he pulled out his math worksheet but left the rest in his backpack.So easy! Before long, though, his backpack was growing heavy with unfinished homework.The problem was, as the backpack got heavier, so did his heart.
Jay feared seeing the look on his parents' faces when they found out.Walking in the door, he dropped his heavy backpack and walked into the kitchen.“Hi, Mom，” he said.She hugged him and stood back.“Jay, I got an e-mail from your teacher today.She said you lied about your homework.We need to talk.”
Jay sat at the table and buried his head in his arms.
参考范文：
Jay sat at the table and buried his head in his arms.Although he wanted to apologize for not telling the truth, he was too ashamed to say a word.He thought they must be disappointed about him.However, his parents didn't blame him too much.“If you have any problem, you can tell us.We are willing to try our best to help you, but telling lies is not a good way，” his mom said softly.Hearing what his mom said, Jay began to describe the difficulties in math which he was facing and had no idea how to deal with.Finally, with the help of mom, Jay made up the homework that he left behind.
“课时跟踪检测”见“课时跟踪检测（三）”
(单击进入电子文档)(共9张PPT)
Opening Page—开篇·把握单元目标
单元素养解读
一、语言能力
听 听有关道德困境和传递友善的对话，了解相关内容。
说 能讲述自己面临的道德困境，并作出正确选择；讲述一则友善待人的故事。
读 阅读人物小传，了解人物生平事迹，分析人物性格与品质，理解人生道路上的“道德困境”；阅读寓言故事，理解故事内容以及隐含的道德教育意义。
写 能够写一篇道德寓言故事的评论。
看 通过浏览相关图文内容，获取关键信息；观看相关视频，理解儒家的“仁义礼智信”的思想。
二、学习能力
1．能依据说话人表述的内容及其语音、语调、语速、停顿等分辨其态度。
2．能通过阅读从文章中提取事实和细节，并基于这些信息推导出合理的结论。
3．能够根据时间顺序或事件发展的先后次序来叙事。
4．能够区分一些近义词在语用上的差异，并根据语境正确使用这些词汇。
三、文化意识
1．了解不同文化背景下人们所共同推崇的道德观念与美好品质，如善良、敬业、无私、诚信、责任感等。
2．学习和理解儒家“仁义礼智信”的思想，树立正确的道德观和价值观，自觉遵守和践行中华美德，为传播和弘扬中华优秀传统文化而努力。
四、思维品质
能够基于单元所学内容、生活体验以及各种所见所闻梳理和提炼出世界上不同民族普遍认可和赞颂的道德准则与美德精神；能够辨别什么是道德困境，客观分析和推理身处困境的人的不同选择可能产生的结果和影响，从而打破二元对立的思维模式，学会全面地、客观地、理性地看待问题，进而对道德和人性有更加深入的思考和理解。
主题佳句背诵
一、名言警句
教材名言 The best portion of a good man's life is his little, nameless, unremembered acts of kindness and of love.—William Wordsworth
深意解读 本单元的引言是英国诗人华兹华斯的《抒情歌谣集》(Lyrical Ballads)中的一句话，意为“一个好人一生最好的部分，是他细小的、无名的、不被人记得的出于善良和爱的行为。”此名言强调了美德往往“润物细无声”，体现在平凡生活的点滴之中，只有用心体会，才能发现道德和美德在社会生活中不可忽视的力量。
文化微语 华兹华斯的诗以描写自然风光、田园景色等闻名于世。文笔朴素清新、自然流畅，开创了新鲜活泼的浪漫主义诗风。华兹华斯在本书序言中详细阐述了浪漫主义新诗的理论。他的诗歌理论动摇了英国古典主义诗学的统治，有力地推动了英国诗歌的革新和浪漫主义运动的发展
续表
二、相关佳句
1．The best way to find yourself is to lose yourself in the service of others.
—Mahatma Gandhi
寻找自我存在的最好方法就是让自己忙于服务他人之中。 ——圣雄甘地
2．The superior man thinks always of virtue; the common man thinks of comfort. —Confucius
君子怀德，小人怀土。 ——孔子
3．Wisdom, compassion, and courage are the three universally recognised moral qualities of men.
智慧、同情和勇气是人们公认的三种道德品质。
4．Make yourself a better person and know who you are before you try and know someone else and expect them to know you.
在你想了解别人也想让别人了解你之前，先完善并了解自己。(共44张PPT)
Assessing Your Progress—实践·注重应用评价
对接“单元活动”——让活动有效开展
该部分的活动主题是“制作海报以激励他人践行美德”(Make a poster to motivate others to practise virtues)。该活动的目的是通过让学生收集、积累和记忆美德格言，理解其中的道理和内涵，不仅是为了语言学习和知识积累，同时还有利于塑造优良品格，树立正确的世界观、人生观和价值观。
[活动“助手”]
描写美德的有关表达：
1．Happiness should be the companion of virtue.
快乐应该是美德的伴侣。
2．Sincerity is the life of the highest virtue.
真诚是人生最高的美德。
3．Without faith, there is no true virtue.
没有信仰，就没有真正的美德。
4．Compassion is the highest of all moral virtue.
同情是一切道德中最高的美德。
5．Virtues are mostly contained in good habits.
美德大都包含在良好的习惯之内。
6．It is not enough to do good; one must do it the right way.
人不仅要做好事，更要以正确的方式做好事。
[活动任务]
你校正在进行“英语读书周”活动，该活动要求学生摘录名言佳句(quote)并相互交流。以下是某同学摘录的句子“Honesty is the best policy.”。请按下列要求用英语写一篇短文：
1．针对摘录句子的观点谈谈你的看法；
2．举例说明理由。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
In the English Reading Week, one of my classmates recommended a quote to us which goes like this: “Honesty is the best policy.”
参考范文：
In the English Reading Week, one of my classmates recommended a quote to us which goes like this: “ Honesty is the best policy.” I couldn't agree more with this view.Honesty can always make a person popular and happy.But if you tell a lie and people find out, you are likely to end up with many negative consequences.You can't be trusted again and you will feel sorry all the time.
Take myself for example.I brought in a “cheat sheet” during the last exam and luckily I didn't get caught.This, however, didn't mean I had gotten away with that.I felt that everybody gave me a disgusted look when the result was announced.How ashamed I was and finally I confessed to the teacher.Now I know that being dishonest simply makes life more difficult and that honesty is always the best way to go about a situation.
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Where are the two speakers
A．In Canada. B．In the US. C．In Mexico.
2．What's the relationship between the two speakers
A．Classmates.
B．Friends.
C．Brother and sister.
3．What are the speakers mainly discussing
A．Careers.
B．Health problems.
C．Types of hospitals.
4．When does the man want to go to the library
A．On Saturday. B．On Sunday. C．On Monday.
5．How does the woman respond to the man
A．She is disappointed.
B．She is impressed.
C．She is indifferent.
第二节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What is the dog's name
A．Harry. B．Yoda. C．Luke.
7．What is the dog like
A．Young and fast.
B．Old and loyal.
C．Big and scary.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．What does the woman dislike
A．Parties in her house.
B．Mozart.
C．Soft drinks.
9．What will the woman do tonight
A．Drink some soft drinks.
B．Stay with her cousin.
C．Move to Japan.
10．When will the boys go home
A．At 11 o'clock.
B．In the morning.
C．At 1 o'clock.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．What is the first thing you should do before giving a speech
A．Greeting the audience.
B．Stating your name.
C．Sharing some relevant information.
12．How should you speak when giving your name
A．Clearly and loudly.
B．Clearly and confidently.
C．Confidently and loudly.
13．What may NOT help you decide on the sort of information you share
A．The audience.
B．The subject.
C．The environment.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14．When will the man NOT buy flowers for his wife
A．On her birthday.
B．On the Qixi Festival.
C．On Tomb-Sweeping Day.
15．When is the man's mother's birthday
A．The day before the Qixi Festival.
B．On the Qixi Festival.
C．The day after the Qixi Festival.
16．What color does the man choose for his mother
A．Blue. B．Green. C．Purple.
17．Where is the man going next
A．A bookstore.
B．A supermarket.
C．Another flower store.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．When was the White House completed
A．In 1792. B．In 1800. C．In 1902.
19．Which country damaged the White House
A．France. B．England. C．Germany.
20．What did Andrew Jackson do for the White House
A．He added grass.
B．He added a porch.
C．He installed running water.
答案：1～5 ACACB 6～10 CAABA
11～15 ABCCC 16～20 BBBBC
附：听力材料
(Text 1)
M：Where are we now I can't tell what road this is.
W：We're heading for the US, ①but we're still in Canada.And we're quite a long distance from Mexico.
(Text 2)
W：What a fine day! Shall we go hiking this early spring morning
M：②Mom won't let us.We have to take care of little Jenny after we finish our homework.
(Text 3)
W：③Dad, I want to be a nurse when I grow up.
M：③A nurse Your aunt has been a nurse for 20 years and she loves it.When your grandma wasn't well, she knew how to take care of her.
(Text 4)
W：I need to return these books today.Do you want to come with me
M：No.④The downtown library doesn't open on Sundays.I'd rather go tomorrow so I can check some new books for myself.
(Text 5)
W：That is a beautiful painting, Jerry! Where did you buy it
M：Actually, I made it.I've been taking art classes for the past year.
W：Really ⑤That's amazing! I had no idea you were so talented.This looks like it was painted by a professional.
(Text 6)
M：Check out my pet! He is a German shepherd.
W：Aw! He's so cute! What's his name
M：⑥I named him Luke after my favorite movie character, Luke Skywalker.
W：Great name! I am surprised you didn't name him Harry after your favorite book character.
M：⑦He's really fast, and that's why I named him Luke.If I had an older dog, I would name him Yoda.
W：How old is he
M：⑦Only four months old.
(Text 7)
W：Bye! Have a nice night.You won't play loud music, will you ⑧You know I don't like parties in my house.
M：Oh no, Mrs White! Only Mozart, and maybe Vivaldi.
W：And of course no alcoholic drinks either!
M：No, certainly not.Only soft drinks.
W：Good, well, I won't be back tonight.⑨I'm staying with my cousin.He's moving to Japan this Sunday.Goodbye, boys!
M：See you in the morning, Mrs White!
W：By the way, ⑩everybody must go home at 11 o'clock.
M：Oh, all right, bye.
(Text 8)
W：Professor, could you give me some suggestions about how to introduce myself before giving a speech
M：OK. First, greet the audience and then state your name. As you say hello and give your name, remember to speak clearly and confidently.
W：Should I speak as loudly as possible
M：Not exactly.It depends on the environment and the audience.You just need to make sure that your voice is loud enough to enable everyone to hear you.
W：Thanks.And next
M：Share some relevant information about yourself. The sort of information you share will depend on the audience and what you'll be talking about.
W：I understand.
M：And then, before you start the speech, thank your audience for being there.
W：Thank you very much.I have learned a lot from you.
(Text 9)
W：May I help you
M：Yes, madam.I'd like to buy some flowers.
W：Do you want to give them to your girlfriend
M：No, to my wife.Everyone knows that ladies like flowers.
W： Today is the Qixi Festival.That must be why you want them.Just one day of the year.
M：Not exactly.I get them for her birthday, and for all kinds of weird anniversaries.
W： But not on Tomb-Sweeping Day, right
M：Ha ha, right.Oh, and by the way, I want some more for my mother. Tomorrow is her birthday.
W：How about these Purple seems popular with mothers.
M：Not with mine.Do you have any other color
W：How about blue or these green ones They are fresh and bright.
M：All right！ I will take these green ones and go to the supermarket for some chocolate.
W：There is one just across from the bookstore.Here you are! Please come again.
M：Thanks! Bye!
(Text 10)
W：Have you all heard about the White House Today we're going to talk about the building that symbolizes the USA.Mr Green, please.
M：The White House is one of the most recognizable structures in the world.You can't say you've been to Washington D．C.if you haven't seen the White House.Not every American president lives there. Though the Executive Mansion was begun in 1792 under the direction of George Washington, the structure was not completed until 1800, so ironically Washington never called it home.The White House is open to the public on weekdays from 10 am until noon.
The building was torched by British troops in 1814, during the War of 1812, and the structural damage caused by the fire was repaired, but the sandstone walls outside were still black from the fire.The walls were then painted white, giving birth to the name the building now goes by.An act of Congress made it the official name in 1920.Every President has left his mark upon the White House, with Thomas Jefferson adding grass to the east and west wings， Andrew Jackson installing running water, and Harry Truman adding a porch.Bill Clinton's addition to the White House was an indoor track.
(Topic：Talk about the important virtues)
Teacher：As we all know，we Chinese 1. (有很多传统美德)．Next，I want to find some students to tell us something about our virtues.Li Hua, please!
Li Hua：Thanks，Ms Liu.I think 2. _______________________________________
(最重要的美德之一是诚实)．Honesty is the base of the society.
Teacher：Very good.Wang Lei，do you have something to say
have many traditional virtues
one of the most important virtues is honesty
Wang Lei：Yes，Ms Liu.In my opinion，diligence is more important, because we Chinese 3. (因……而著名) being diligent and hard-working.
Teacher：Good！Anyone else
Han Meimei：Ms Liu, I think kindness is 4. (对我们社会很重要)．
are known for
of great importance to our society
Joan of Arc was a girl from the countryside who dressed as a man and went to fight for the French.She helped drive the English out of France.She was caught and put to death by the English.
Elizabeth Fry was a Quaker.She helped improve prison conditions and gave prisoners work and education.Her work helped the Quakers get the Nobel Peace Prize in 1947.
Song Qingling，Sun Yat-sen‘s wife，was one of the top leaders in modern Chinese history.She concerned herself with welfare projects, especially the China Welfare Institute for women and children.
1．Write true(T) or false(F) according to the above pictures.
① Joan of Arc was a man and fought for the French. ( )
②Elizabeth Fry ever worked in a prison. ( )
③Elizabeth Fry got the Nobel Peace Prize in 1947. ( )
④Song Qingling was one of the top leaders in modern Chinese history. ( )
F
F
F
T
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2．These people win great respect at home and abroad.What do you think is the main reason (The answers may be various.)
3．What can we learn from these great people
They have made great contributions to the world in their fields.
We should pursue a career we love and devote ourselves to it.
Elizabeth Blackwell was born in Bristol, England in 1821. Her family moved to the United States when she was 11. There, several years later, a family friend who suffered from cancer suggested that she study medicine. The dying friend said that perhaps her sickness would have been better understood if she had been treated by a woman. Elizabeth knew that no woman had ever been permitted to study in a medical college, but she began to think about the idea seriously after the friend died.
Supported by her family, she began to study medicine privately with a doctor. Later she was accepted by Geneva Medical College in New York State and graduated in 1849 with high honors. She became the first woman in the Western World to have completed medical school training.
Dr. Blackwell had many dreams. One was to start a hospital for women and children；another was to build a medical school to train women doctors. After many years' struggle against every kind of opposition, she finally succeeded in opening the first medical college. Elizabeth Blackwell believed that the true responsibility of doctors was to prevent diseases. She started a program for disease prevention in her school. It was the first time that the idea of preventing diseases had been taught at a medical college.
Dr. Blackwell died in 1910, at the age of 89. She is remembered for her contributions to the cause of medicine and showing women the way to move on.
Questions：
1．What led Elizabeth Blackwell to study medicine
A．A family friend's death.
B．Her family.
C．Her parents' advice.
D．Moving to America.
答案：A
2．Where did Elizabeth go to the medical college
3．What did Elizabeth think was the true responsibility of doctors
In America.
To prevent diseases.
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On Christmas Eve, seventy-three-year-old George selected his food carefully.Skim milk was $2.99, white bread 89 cents with a 10-cent discount.Leaving the cashier, he calculated that he had saved 80 cents today.
At the exit, the wind reminded him of his gloves.“Where are they？” Not in the coat pockets.Not in the grocery bag either.He was sure he was wearing them when he entered the store.He clearly remembered putting them into the pocket of this coat.George made a second thorough search of all his pockets, again including the grocery bag.Now he was sure they must have been dropped somewhere inside the store.
Old George had bought the black leather gloves at a 25% discount, for just $35.00 ten years ago.They were soft and warm and very durable.He had taken care not to let a drop of water or rain touch his expensive gloves, so they looked like new.Losing this favorite possession was almost like losing a child to him.
George, calm on the outside but nervous inside, re-entered the store.He followed the same route he had walked before, starting at the bread counter, to the milk section, the corner where salt and sugar were placed, then the rest of the store.Several minutes of anxious searching turned out to be in vain.He asked the customers whether they saw a pair of black leather gloves, but they said no.Then he went over to the cashier without hesitation to ask if she had received any lost gloves, but only received the same answer.His heart grew heavier.
“Society has changed, and people have changed，” he murmured to himself.“Years ago, if somebody picked up something lost, they would give it back.Now a good action is lost.”
Yet he did not give up hope.He started to stare at anybody wearing black gloves to see if they looked like his.The first two persons he saw did wear gloves, but one was women's and the other not black.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Paragraph 1：
Suddenly, he found a man looking like a lawyer, wearing black leather gloves.
Paragraph 2：
During the whole holiday, he was always thinking whether to buy a new pair.
参考范文：
Paragraph 1：
Suddenly, he found a man looking like a lawyer, wearing black leather gloves.Abrupt as it might seem, George came up without hesitation and asked if they were his, but there came a disappointing answer.On second thought, he realized nobody would be so foolish as to wear them right inside the store.He had no other alternative but to ask the cashier to keep them in case the lost gloves were found.Then he dragged his legs towards the exit.
Paragraph 2：
During the whole holiday, he was always thinking whether to buy a new pair.After all, in deep winter, he could not do without gloves.Finally poor George decided to buy another pair of leather gloves.With the last ray of hope, he stepped into the store again.No sooner had he opened the door than the cashier told him there was indeed one such pair as he lost.After examining them carefully, he was wild with joy, expressing sincere gratitude and saying to himself that a good action was never lost.
“课时跟踪检测”见“课时跟踪检测（四）”
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“UNIT 2 单元验收评价(一)—(二)”
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