八年级上册 Unit 1-4（讲练学案）-2023年中考英语第一轮复习讲练测（人教版）
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2023年中考英语一轮复习讲练测
八上Unit 1-4
一、重点短语
Unit 1
1. go on vacation =take a vacation=go for vacation 去度假
2. quite a few/ a little /a lot (of) 相当多；不少
3. have a good time =have fun =enjoy oneself 玩的开心；过得愉快
4. in the past 在过去
5. because of 因为
6. up and down 上上下下
7. in excitement 兴奋地；激动地
8. another two hours = two more hours 另外两小时
Unit 2
1. of course 当然
2.hardly ever 几乎不；不曾
3.once a day 每天一次 twice a week 每周两次 three times a month 每月三次
4.help with housework 帮忙做家
5.be good/bad for 对……有好处/坏处
6.play sports 做运动
7.more than 多于
8.less than 少于
Unit 3
1. both... and... ……和……都
2. be talented in music 在音乐方面天赋
3 do the same things as me与我做相同的事
4. be good at sports 擅长运动
5. truly care about me 真正关心我
6. make me laugh 使我发笑
7. as long as 只要
8. be different from... 与……不同
9. bring out 使显现；使表现出
10. in fact 事实上
11. be similar to... 与……相似
12. be good with children善于同孩子打交道
Unit 4
1.be closest to home离家最近
2.so far到目前为止
3.couldn’t stop laughing忍不住大笑
4.around the world=all over the world全世界
5.have one thing in common有一个共同之处
6.play a role in doing sth在做某事中起作用
7.take sb/sth too seriously 认真对待某人或某事
8.be fun to do sth做某事有趣
9.make one’s dream come true使某人的梦想成真
10.be up to sb由某人决定
二、精讲精练
要点1
so many，so much，too many， too much和much too辨析
so many 如此多， 后接可数名词复数 There are so many people in the street. 大街上有如此多的人。
so much 如此多， 后接不可数名词 We make so much pollution every day. 我们每天制造如此多的污染。
too many 太多，后接可数名词复数 You made too many mistakes.你犯了太多的错误。
too much 太多，后接不可数名词 There is too much rain in Hefei this year.今年合肥下了太多的雨。
much too 太，过于， 后接形容词或副词 It’s much too noisy in the room. I can’t stand it. 房间里太吵了，我受不了了。
【典例分析】
1.请用too much, much too, too many填空
1). There is _____________ rice in my bowl.
2). We have _____________ apples in the bag.
3). Today is _____________ hot.
【答案】1.too much 2.too many 3.much too
要点2 because
because与because of的区别
because, because of都表示“因为”：
区别 举例
because引导原因状语从句，because通常用来回答why提出的问题，与so不能同时使用 I did it because they asked me to do it! = They asked me to do it, so I did it.我做这件事是因为他们让我做! —Why didn’t you go to see the film 你为什么没去看这部电影 —Because I have seen it.因为我看过了。
because of意为“因为”，其后可接名词、代词、动名词以及由what引导的从句等 He didn’t go to school because of illness. 他因为生病没去上学。 He knew she was crying because of what he said. 他知道她因为他说的话正在哭。
【典例分析】
1．The students didn’t need to go to school because there was a storm. （同义句改写）
The students didn’t need to go to school __________ ____ the storm.
【解析】 because of
2.He was ill, so he didn’t go to school. （同义句改写）
_____________ he was ill, he didn’t go to school.
【解析】Because
要点3 seem
seem常作系动词,意为“看来;似乎”,其常见结构如下:
1.seem+形容词/名词,意为“似乎……”。例如:
She seems quite happy today.今天她似乎很高兴。
2.seem+to do sth.,意为“好像要做某事”。例如:
Something seemed to be wrong with the train.火车好像出故障了。
3.It seems/seemed + that从句,意为“看起来似乎……”。
4.seem like...意为“似乎是……;看起来像……”。例如:
It seems like an interesting film.它看起来像是一部有趣的电影。
【典例分析】
1.它看起来像是一部有趣的电影。
It __________ ___________an interesting film.
【答案】seems like
2.she seems unhappy. (改为同义句)
=She ________ ________ ________ unhappy.
=_______ _______ ______she is unhappy
【答案】seems to be = It seems that
要点4 hardly （高频考题）
hardly是副词,意为“几乎不;几乎没有”,是一个具有否定意义的词。
My legs were so weak that I could hardly stand. 我的腿太虚弱,以至于几乎无法站立。
hardly 几乎不= almost not
He can hardly believe the result, can he （前否后肯）
辨析hard和 hardly的区别:
hard 作形容词,意为“困苦的;艰难的;坚硬的”; 作副词,意为“努力地;猛烈地
hardly 作副词, 意为“几乎不;几乎没有”,它并不是hard的副词形式
【典例分析】
1.—I have some trouble in learning maths.
—Take it easy, because we can __________avoid meeting problems in study.
A. always B. usually C. often D. hardly
【答案】D
【解析】always"总是";usually"通常";often"经常";hardly"几乎不"。结合语境可知此处指"难以"避免遇到问题,应用否定副词,故选D。
2. It rained ______. People could _______ go out.
A. hardly, hardly B. hard, hardly C. hardly, hard D. hard, hard
【答案】B
【解析】hard激烈地 猛烈地，努力地这里形容雨下的大用hard。hardly表示几乎不能。故选B。
要点5 full
full(adj.)忙的；满的；充满的
Next week is quite full for me, Jack. 杰克,下周我想当忙。
The bottle is full of water. 这个瓶子装满了水。
【探究】full意为“忙的”时,和busy同义;意为“满的；充满的”时,和empty互为反义词。
【拓展】be full of是固定搭配,意为"充满;装满",和be filled with是同义表达,其中fill是动词。
【典例分析】
1.我儿子饱了，不要往碗里加肉了。
My son is _________and don't ________the bowl _______ meat.
【答案】full 形容词 fill with 动词
2．Now you can see that cup is _______ water．
A．fill with B．filling with C．full with D．filled with
【答案】D
【解析】be filled with与be full of均有“充满、填满”之意，而full不能与with连用，故选D。
要点6
have to意为“不得不，必须”，表示客观情况要求某人必须做某事，有人称和时态的变化，后接动词原形。
【拓展】
must与have to的辨析：
have to侧重于客观需要，含有“不得不”或“被迫”之意，有多种时态形式；否定式为don’t have to意为“不必”。
must侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务去做某事；只有现在时一种形式（在宾语从句中可以表示过去）；否定式mustn’t 意为“一定不要；不允许”。例如：
It’s raining. I have to stay at home. 正在下雨，我不得不待在家里。
【典例分析】
用have to 和must填空
1.She isn’t very well these days and she __________stay at home.
2.You ________ do your homework first.
3.We _________help each other.
4.Mother is out, so I _________ look after the shop.
【答案】1.has to 2.must 3.must 4.have to
要点7
through & across & over
through 表示“从物体内部穿过”，如穿过隧道，森林，窗户，门等；
across 表示“穿过、横穿”，强调从物体表面通过，如穿过河道，街道等；
over 表示“越过”，强调从物体上方翻越，如翻过围墙，栅栏。
【典例分析】
1.用through across and over填空
1）.We have to walk__________ a big forest to get there.
2）Be careful when you go__________ the road.
3）He climbed ___________the wall.
4）Go the bridge and turn left.
5）The man swam the Yangtze River last year.
【答案】1)through 2)across 3)over 4）through 5）across
要点8
both, either, neither, all与none
both 代词，用于两者，表示“两者都”，常位于be动词、情态动词之后，行为动词之前。作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。常用于：both of+人称代词或 both of+ the/these/my...+ 名词 You are both right. 你们两个都对。
连词，常构成短语：both...and...,意为“两者都...”
all 用于三者或三者以上，表示“都，一切”，作主语，笼统地表示所有人时，谓语动词通常用复数形式;笼统地表示所有事物或现象时，谓语动词通常用单数形式，常用于“all of...”结构 All are here. 所有人都在这儿。 All is silent. 万籁俱寂。
none 表示三者或三者以上的人或物都不，常用于“none of...” 结构
either 副词，常构成短语： either...or..., 意为 “要么...要么...”
代词，意为“两者任一”，常用于：either of + 名词/代词
neither 副词，常构成短语：neither...nor..., 意为 “既不...也不...”
代词，意为 “两者都不”，常用于：neither of + 名词 / 代词的复数
【典例分析】
一.用both，all，either与neither填空
1）.________the two boys__________(be) clever. 两个男孩都很聪明。
2）.__________of the two boys ________(be) clever. 两个男孩都很聪明。
3）.__________of the two boys ________(be) clever. 两个男孩都不聪明
4）.There are flowers on ___________ sides of the road. 路边长满了野花。
5）.There are flowers on ________ side of the road. 路边长满了野花。
6）. _________ the flowers are gone. 所有的花都谢了。
7）. ________of us are from China.我们都来自中国。
8）. Her parents are ____________doctors.她父母都是医生。
9）.The two coats are cheap, so you can choose _________ of them.那两件外套不贵，你可以随便挑一件。
10）. All the coats are cheap, so you can choose _________ of them. 所有的外套不贵，你可以随便挑一件。
【答案】1.Both are 2.Either is 3.Neither is 4.both 5.either 6.All 7.All 8.both 9.either 10.any
要点9 Break
break(v.)打破；打碎；折断(n.)停顿；休息
作动词时,既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词。意为“(使)破裂；(使)破坏；损坏”
作名词时，意为“停顿；休息”
【同步拓展】
break into 破门而入；强行闯入 break down 垮掉；出故障
break off (使)分离；停止；中断 take breaks/a break休息
break out (战争，不愉快事件)爆发，突然发生 break up 结束；破碎
【典例分析】
1. His race car ________ halfway. He had to give up the race.
A．broke out B．broke into C．broke up D．broke down
【答案】D break down 垮掉；出故障
要点11
care(v.)在意；担忧；关心
【观察】He didn't pass the exam, but he didn't seem to care. 他考试没有及格，但他似乎不在意。
I don't care what sports he likes. 我不在意他喜欢什么运动。
【探究】care意为“在意；担忧；关心”，可以作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词。当作 及物动词时，其后通常跟宾语从句。
【拓展】(1)care还可以作名词，意为“在意；关心”。
Children need our care. 孩子们需要我们的关心。
要点12 similar
similar作形容词，意为“相似的”。be similar to…意为“与……相似，接近”，一般用在相近似的物品和情境的对比上。例如：
His problem is similar to yours. 他的问题和你的相似。
【拓展】
（1）look like意为“看起来像……” 。应用范围最广，除了描述人、物之外，也能抽象表达事件或现象。例如：
He looks like a famous movie star. 他看起来像一个电影明星。
（2）take after 最常见的是用在有血缘关系的亲子之间，外貌用的最多，也能够用在性格脾气这些内在特质上。例如：
She took after her mother almost in everything. 她几乎与她母亲一模一样。
【典例分析】
1.Your new bike is different________ mine, but quite similar________ Jack’s.
A. to; to B. to; from C. from; to D. from; from
【答案】C
【解析】be different from 与。。。不同。Be similar to 与。。。相似。
2.—Can you tell the difference between these two pictures
—The difference Oh, no. They look quite .
A. similar B. different C. strange D. interesting
【答案】A
【解析】similar"相似的";different"不同的";strange"奇怪的";interesting"有趣的"。结合本题语境可知,它们看起来很"相似",故所缺的词是similar。
要点13
(1)as long as意为“只要”，引导条件状语从句。从句可以置于主句前，用逗号隔开，也可以放到主句后。如果主句是一般将来时，从句常用一般现在时。
As long as it doesn't rain, we will go there. 只要不下雨，我们就会去那里。
as long as还可意为“既然；和....一样长；达.....之久”
As long as you are going, I'll go.既然你要去，那么我也去。
【典例分析】
1.—What's your opinion on friends
—They are like books. We don't need a lot of them they're good.
A. as long as B. as soon as C. so that D. as if
【答案】A
【解析】 考查连词短语辨析。as long as 意为“只要”；as soon as意为“一……就……”；so that意为“以便”；as if意为“好像”。句意：“关于朋友，你有什么观点？”“朋友就像书一样。不在多而贵在好。”故选A。
要点14
be different from
Be different from 意为“与……不一样”
【考点拓展】the same as 意为“与……一样”
【典例分析】
1.Many teenagers don't like to talk with their parents. But I am them. I love to share my joy and sorrow with my parents.
A．the same as B. different from C. interested in D. angry with
【答案】the same as“与……一样”；be different from“与……不同”；be interested in“对……感兴趣”；be angry with“生某人的气”，由句意可知选B。
要点15
be good with... 和……相处得好 后接表示人的名词
be good for对有好处
be good for的反义词组为 be bad for（对……不利；对……有害）
★ Enough sleep is good for our health.充足的睡眠对我们的健康有益
★ Eating vegetables is good for you.吃蔬菜对你有好处。
【易混辨析】
be good to... 对……友善 后接表示人的名词
be good at... 擅长…… 后接名词、代词或动名词
be good with... 和……相处得好 后接表示人的名词
【典例分析】
1.用be good （to at for with）填空。
1）Exercising ____________our health.
2）Chinese_____________ foreigners.
3）Tony___________ skiing.
4）He___________ children.
【答案】1）is good for 2）are good to \is good with 3）is good at 4） is good with\ is good to
要点16 close to
close to意为“靠近，接近”，相当于next to。例如：
Jim’s house is close to his school. 吉姆的家离学校很近。
【拓展】
（1）close可作动词，意为“关上，闭上”。其形容词形式为closed，意为“关着的”。例如：
Some stations are closed on public holidays. 在公共假日里某些车站是关闭的。
close还可作形容词，意为“亲密的；势均力敌的”。例如：
close friends 密友 a close game势均力敌的比赛
【注意】
be close to的反义短语是be far from...离……远
【典例分析】
1.我们班的人数将近40人。
The number of the students in our class is _________ _________ 40.
2.这家商店8点钟关门。
The shop _______ ______ at 8 o’clock.= The shop ______ at 8 o’clock
3.Mary是Lily的密友。
Mary is Lily’s _________ friend.
【答案】1.close to 接近。时间，数量，地点的靠近。 2.is closed\closes 3.close 形容词。亲密的。
要点 17 choose
choose的用法
(1)作为动词，意为“选择；挑选”。常用于以下表达中：
①choose (sb.)to do sth. “选择(某人)去做某事
My teacher chose me to answer his question. 我的老师选择我来回答他的问题。
②choose sb.as... “选择某人作为……”
My classmates chose me as their monitor. 我的同学们选择我当班长。
③choose sb. sth.=choose sth. for sb. “为某人挑选某物”
My mother chose a special present for me on my birthday.
=My mother chose me a special present on my birthday.
在我生日时妈妈为我选择了一份特别的礼物。
（2）其名词为choice,意为“选择”。
常用于:
①make a choice to do sth. “选择去做某事”
②have no choice but to do sth. “除了做某事之外别无选择”
【典例分析】
1.He chose me a nice present.（同义改写）
=He chose a nice present _________ __________.
【答案】for me
2. ① We go to the store to ___________ (挑选) presents for our friends.
② It’s my____________ (choose), not yours.
【答案】① choose 动词 ② choice 名词
3.我别无选择只得呆在家里。（完成句子）
I had _______ _______ ______ ________ __________ stay at home.
【答案】no choice but to
要点18
creative作形容词，意为＂有创造力的；创造性的＂。比较级形式是more creative；最高级形式是most creative。
He is a very creative child. 他是一个很有创造力的孩子。
His performance is the most creative one. 他的表演是最有创造力的。
【知识拓展】
（1）creative的动词形式为create，意为＂创造；创作＂。 She created lots of popular songs. 她创作了许多流行歌曲。 （2）-ive是常见的形容词后缀，加在一些动词后，构成形容词多表示＂具有……特性的＂＂有……倾向的＂，如：active积极的；活跃的；impressive给人印象深刻的；attractive有吸引力的。这类形容词大都是多音节词，其比较级、最高级一般是在词前加more/most。 These children always take an active part in after class activities. 这些孩子总是积极参加课后活动。
【典例分析】
1. My brother is ____________ (富有创造力的) and he always comes up with good ideas.
2. Her sister is one of the ____________（creative）engineers in our country.
【答案】1. creative 2. most creative
3. It's a idea to build cabin hospitals(方舱医院) to receive patients(收治病人) during the outbreak of COVID -19.
A. simple B. funny C. creative D. serious
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词。句意:在COVID-19疫情爆发期间建立方舱医院收治病人是一个创造性的想法。simple意为“简单的”;funny意为“好玩的”; creative意为“有创造性的”;serious意为“严肃的”。根据句意可知,是一个创造性的想法。故选C。
要点19
be up to sb. 意为＂是某人的职责；由某人决定＂，常用到的结构为：It’s up to sb. to do sth.＂应由某人做某事＂。
Whether we will go to the zoo is up to your father. 我们是否去动物园由你爸爸决定。
【知识拓展】
（1）be up to意为＂忙于；从事于＂，其中to是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。 What are you up to now 你现在忙什么呢？ （2）be up to意为＂胜任；适合＂，通常用于否定句或疑问句。 Do you think Jim is up to doing it by himself 你认为吉姆自己能胜任它吗？
【典例分析】
1.—_______
—I’m making a birthday card for Mum.
A. How is your mum B. How will you do that
C. What do you want to do D. What are you up to
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——你在做什么？ ——我正在给妈妈做生日卡。A. How is your mum你妈妈怎么样；B. How will you do that你会怎么做？C. What do you want to do你想做什么；D. What are you up to你在做什么？由下文的答语I’m making a birthday card for Mum. 我正在给妈妈做生日卡。可知，上文应该用What are you up to来问。故选D。
要点20 thanks for
thanks for动词短语，意为“因……而感谢”for 后接感谢的原因，可以是名词或动词-ing形式。
比较：thanks to是介词短语，意为“多亏，由于”，thanks不可以改为thank you, to后接表示感谢的对象。
辨析：thanks to 与thanks for
thanks to 介词短语意为“多亏；幸亏”，相当于because of /as a result of. to后可以接名词\代词或名词性短语。
thanks for 动词短语，意为“因……而感谢”for 后接感谢的原因，可以是名词或动词-ing形式。
【典例分析】
1. ________the house next door，this one seems like a palace.
A. Compared with B. Instead of
C. Thanks to D. According to
【答案】A
【解析】句意：和邻居家的房子比较，这一个似乎像一个宫殿。A. Compared with和……比较；B. Instead of代替；C. Thanks to幸亏；多亏；D. According to视……而定。根据题意，故选A。
2. the government’s efforts, our life is becoming better and better.
A. Instead of B. In spite of C. According to D. Thanks to
【答案】D
【解析】句意:多亏了政府的努力,我们的生活变得越来越好。thanks to 多亏了,由于。
复合不定代词
一、构成
复合不定代词是由some, any, no, every加-body,-thing,-one构成，列表如下：
somebody 某人
someone 某人
something 某物，某事 anybody 任何人
anyone 任何人
anything 任何事物
nobody 没有人
no one 没有人
nothing 没有东西 everybody 每人
everyone 每人
everything 一切
二、用法
1. 复合不定代词若作主语，其谓语动词一般用单数。
2. 形容词修饰不定代词时，该形容词必须后置。
3. 复合不定代词与动词不定式连用，不定式必须后置。
4. 含some-和any-的复合不定代词的用法区别
something; someone; somebody anything; anyone; anybody
一般用法 something, someone, somebody通常用于肯定句中
He found something strange but interesting. anything, anyone, anybody一般用于否定句，疑问句或条件状语从句中
特殊用法 表示请求、邀请、提建议等带有委婉语气的疑问句；
希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句中；
用something, someone, somebody
Would you like something to eat 当anything表示“任何事(物)，无论何事(物)”；
anyone，anybody表示“无论谁，任何人”时；也可用于肯定句中。
Anybody knows the answer.
5. nothing和nobody的用法
nothing nobody
用法 nothing 回答以what 开头的问题
—What’s on the table
—Nothing. nobody (no one) 回答who 开头的问题
—Who is in the classroom
—Nobody. (No one).
【典例分析】
1. I’m hungry, would you please give me ________ to eat
A. something delicious B. anything delicious
C. delicious something D. nothing delicious
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我饿了，你能给我点好吃的吗？
考查复合不定代词的用法。something某物，用于肯定句或表示请求/建议的疑问句中；anything任何东西，用于否定句或疑问句中；nothing没有什么；由 “would you please give me”可知，该句是表示请求的疑问句，要用something；delicious美味的，形容词，修饰不定代词要放在不定代词后，故选A。
2.He asked me if there was _______to read.
A. easy enough something B. enough easy something
C．something easy enough D．something enough easy
【答案】C
【解析】形容词修饰不定代词，放在后面。Enough修饰形容词也放在形容词后面。
3.I really have something important_______.
A．do B．to doing C．to do D．does
【答案】C
【解析】复合不定代词与动词不定式连用，不定式必须后置。
4.I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with ______.
A．everything B．anything C．something D．nothing
【答案】A
【解析】A．everything 每件事 强调整体。这里指整体，所以A符合。 B．anything 任何事 强调个体。 C．something有些事 D．nothing没有事。
一、概念
频度副词表示某一动作或状态出现的频率，即在一定的时间内某一动作或状态重复出现的次数。常用的频度副词有always, usually, often, sometimes等，其表示的频率有大小之分。
频度副词 含义 频率
always 总是 100%
usually 通常 90%
normally/generally 平常；正常地 80%
often 经常，常常 70%
sometimes 有时，不时，间或 50%
hardly ever 几乎从不，很少 5%
never 从来不，未曾，永不 0%
二、用法
1.频度副词一般置于助动词、情态动词或be动词之后，实义动词之前。 sometimes可位于句首、句中或句末。
2.对频度副词(短语)提问要用how often，即“多久一次”，用于询问某件事或某项活动发生的频率。
一、单项选择
1．Jane usually walks to school, but ________ she goes to school by bus.
A．sometime B．some times C．sometimes D．some time
【答案】C
【解析】句意：简通常步行上学，但有时她乘公共汽车上学。
考查频度副词。sometime某一时候，表不确定的时间；some times几次，表次数；sometimes有时，表频率；some time一段时间。根据“Jane usually walks to school”可知，此处指简上学乘坐某种交通工具的频率。故选C。
2．Zhang Hao ________ watches TV. He likes using the Internet.
A．hard ever B．hardly ever C．ever D．sometimes
【答案】B
【解析】句意：张浩几乎从不看电视。他喜欢上网。
考查频度副词辨析。hard ever表述有误；hardly ever几乎从不；ever曾经；sometimes有时。根据“He likes using the Internet.”可知，张浩喜欢上网，几乎从不看电视。故选B。
3．________ say that English is too difficult for us to learn. We can learn it well with efforts.
A．Always B．Sometimes C．Often D．Never
【答案】D
【解析】句意：永远不要说英语对我们来说太难学。我们可以努力学好它。
考查频度副词辨析。Always总是；Sometimes有时；Often经常；Never绝不。根据后句“We can learn it well with efforts.”可推知，应是绝不要说英语对我们来说太难学。故选D。
4．—________ do you go to the movies
—Hardly ever.
A．How often B．How old C．How many D．How much
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——你多久看一次电影？——几乎从不。
考查特殊疑问句。how often多久一次，提问频率；how old多大，提问年龄；how many多少，提问可数名词的数量；how much多少，提问物品价格或不可数名词的量。由答语“Hardly ever.”可知提问频率。故选A。
形容词和副词的比较级
一、定义
比较级用于两者(人或事物)的比较，表示其中一个比另一个＂更……＂或＂较……＂，后面用连词than 连接另一个所比较的人或事物。
二、用法
1. 表示两个人或事物作比较时，形容词要用比较级形式，形容词比较级之后常用than引出比较的对象。
This pen is longer than that one. 这支钢笔比那支长。
New York is bigger than Cambridge. 纽约比剑桥大。
2. 表示两者之间的选择，意为＂哪一个更……＂。
Who is taller, Lily or Lucy 莉莉和露西相比，谁更高？
三、形容词比较级前的修饰词
比较级前可以用much、a little、a lot、even、rather、still、any、a bit、far等词修饰，起强调作用，不可用very、so、quite、too(只能修饰原级)等修饰。
四、比较级的句型
1.A+be+形容词比较级+than+B
This cake is nicer than that one. 这个蛋糕比那个好。
2.A+实义动词+副词比较级+than+B
I work harder than my brother. 我比我弟弟学习刻苦。
3.在含有or的选择疑问句中，如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比较级形式。
Who is taller, Tim or Tom
谁更高，蒂姆还是汤姆？
【注意】在含有than的比较级中，前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴，即同类事物之间的比较。
Tina's hair is shorter than mine. 蒂娜的头发比我的短。
五、比较级的常考结构
1.“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”若比较级由more构成，则用“more and more+原级”结构。
Our life gets better and better. 我们的生活变得越来越好了。
Our school is becoming more and more beautiful. 我们的学校变得越来越美丽了。
2.“The+比较级...，the+比较级....”表示“越……，就越……”。
The harder you study, the more you know. 你学习越努力,你知道得就越多。
【注意】在比较级前面有时会用一些表示比较程度的副词或短语，如much，a lot，a little，even，far等。
It is much colder today than yesterday.今天比昨天更冷。
表示"两者之间比较....的一个(of the two)"时,常用"the+比较级"结构.
Mary is the taller of the twins. 玛丽是双胞胎中较高的那一个。
形容词和副词的最高级的用法
(1)三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时,用形容词或副词的最高级形式。形容词最高级前通常需加定冠词the,副词最高级前的the可以省
略,句末常接in/of/among短语来表示范围。
He is the strongest of all the boys.
他是所有男孩中最强壮的。
Of all the subjects, I like English best.
在所有学科中我最喜欢英语。
(2)表示“最……之一”用“one of + the +形容词最高级”。
The light bulb is one of the most helpful inventions.灯泡是
(3)形容词最高级前可以由物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰,此时不用定冠词the。
Yesterday is her happiest day in her life.
昨天是她生命中最开心的一天。
(4)比较级的形式表达最高级的含义
She runs the fastest in our class.=She runs faster than any
other student in our class.=She runs faster than the other students in our class.
她是我们班跑得最快的。
(5)表示“第……最……的”,用“the+序数词+形容词最高级”。
Is Shanghai the second largest city in China
上海是中国第二大城市吗
【典例分析】
1.他多么的开心啊！
__________ ____________ he is!
【答案】How happy
2.我觉得英语和语文一样重要。
In my point of view, English is ________ _________ _________ Chinese.
【答案】as important as (A=B as…as句式)
3. 我姐姐我细心得多。
My sister is __________ _________ __________ than me.
【答案】much more careful （A>B 比较级+than ，much修饰比较级）
4.这本书不及那本书有趣。
This book _________ ___________ ___________ __________ that one
【答案】isn’t as/so interesting as (A5. 老师告诉我们一些有趣的事情
The teacher told us __________ ___________.
【答案】something interesting。（形容词修饰不定代词后置）
6. 那个公园变得越来越美丽。
The park is getting ______ _____ ______ ___________.
【答案】more and more beautiful(比较级+and+比较级, 表示“越来越”)
7. 雨正变得越来越大。
The rain is becoming _______ _______ _______ .
【答案】heavier and heavier (比较级+and+比较级, 表示“越来越”)
8. 你吃的越多就越胖。
_____ _____ you eat, ____ _______you will be.
【答案】The more the fatter.( The +比较级， the +比较级 表示“越来越”)
9.这本书比那本书难
The book is _______ _________ _________ that one
【答案】more difficult than （A>B 比较级+than ，much修饰比较级）
10.中山是中国最美丽的城市之一。
Zhongshan is one of ________ __________ __________ cities in China.
【答案】the most beautiful (表示“最……之一”，用one of +最高级+复数名词)
11.这本书比那本书更有得多趣。
This book is___________ ___________ ___________ _____________that one.
【答案】a lot more interesting than (a lot 修饰比较级)
一、阅读目标
1-4单元着重叙事文的阅读，谈论过去的事件，经常发生的事情，以及个人爱好，学会形容词比较级，最高级在篇章的应用。
While the pandemic has prevented people from traveling afar, there’s a silver lining to that dark cloud: micro-tourism, or mini-vacations.
Micro-tourism refers to short-distance travel in which people drive two or three hours to a nearby destination and spend two or three days. With the pandemic prevention and control measures making long and distant trips less convenient, more and more Chinese people choose to take short trips instead. Mark Hou from Beijing is one of them. Before the pandemic, the 28-year-old preferred taking long trips abroad or leaving Beijing to see places of interest in other Chinese provinces. But the pandemic meant he had to adapt to a new travel style.
“Traveling a long distance means you should take public transportation. But that would be likely to increase the chances of infection, ” Hou said. “To stay healthy, short-distance travel is the better choice.”
After a long and tiring week at work, Hou likes to invite three or four friends and drive to Beijing’s suburbs on weekends. “In the peach blossom season, we go to the mountains with many peach trees. Walking in the mountains, we not only get the fresh air and have exercise, but also enjoy the beauty of flowers,” Hou explained. “When we feel tired, we can put up a tent to rest and have a picnic. That can ease tensions of daily life.”
To adapt to the new trend, many cities also create more opportunities for tourists. For example, in 2020, Shanghai launched a number of micro-tourism products for half-day and one-day tours, including exploring cultural heritage sites in the city experiencing rural life and going hiking. Destinations around cities, parks, campsites and resorts are offering new, specialized facilities and services for RV (房车) camping, jubensha parties, barbecues and picnics.
“With these programs, young tourists no longer look to get ‘distance’, but are willing to find new ways to experience their cities,” Feng Rao, head of Mafengwo Tourism Research Center, told People’s Daily.
Travel doesn’t mean you need to go far away to find a resting place for your heart. That’s also the mission of the micro-tourism.
1．Why do more and more Chinese people choose to take short trips
A．People don’t like to take public transportation.
B．The pandemic makes long and distant trips less convenient.
C．Micro-tourism is much easier and more interesting.
D．People want to find new ways to experience their cities.
2．The underlined words “adapt to” in paragraph 3 probably means ________.
A．to change oneself to deal with something B．to make something different
C．to be pleased to accept something D．to find something pleasant
3．According to the passage, which is NOT the micro-tourism
A．exploring cultural heritage sites in the city B．experiencing rural life around the city
C．going hiking in the mountains in the suburb D．visiting places of interest in another province
4．It’s clear that ________.
A．Long-distance travel must increase the chances of infection.
B．Mark Hou likes to have a short-distance travel with his friends on weekends.
C．Many cities including Shanghai will launch a number of micro-tourism products for tourists.
D．Only traveling afar can help to find a resting place for our heart.
5．What would be the best title for the passage
A．Adapting to a new style B．The meaning of travel
C．More opportunities for tourists D．Destinations around cities
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．A
【解析】本文主要介绍了由于疫情，人们可以选择一种新的旅行方式，也就是短途旅行来放松自己。
1．细节理解题。根据“With the pandemic prevention and control measures making long and distant trips less convenient, more and more Chinese people choose to take short trips instead”可知，因为随着疫情防控措施的实施，长途旅行变得不那么方便，故选B。
2．词义猜测题。根据“Before the pandemic, the 28-year-old preferred taking long trips abroad or leaving Beijing to see places of interests in other Chinese provinces. But the pandemic meant he had to adapt to a new travel style.”可知，再疫情之前，他选择出国旅游或离开北京去中国的其他省份旅游，疫情改变了旅行方式，所以他不得不要适应一种新的旅行方式，划线单词与“to change oneself to deal with something”同义，故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“For example, in 2020, Shanghai launched a number of micro-tourism products for half-day and one-day tours, including exploring cultural heritage sites in the city experiencing rural life and going hiking.”可知，包括探索城市的文化遗产，体验乡村生活和徒步旅行，故选D。
4．细节理解题。根据“After a long and tiring week at work, Hou likes to invite three or four friends and drive to Beijing’s suburbs on weekends”可知，马克喜欢在周末和他的朋友进行短途旅行，故选B。
5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了由于疫情，人们可以选择一种新的旅行方式，也就是短途旅行来放松自己，所以A选项“适应新的方式”符合本文标题，故选A。
二、写作目标
【实战演练】
近几年来，在党和国家惠民政策的帮助下，你的家乡发生了翻天覆地的变化。请以“Great changes in my hometown”为题，写一篇80词左右的文章，应包括以下要点，可适当发挥。
1.人们的生活条件有了很大提高，高楼随处可见。农村的孩子也有了更好的教育。
2.生活环境也得到了改善，天更蓝，水更清，路更宽，树更绿。交通变得更方便，……
3.最近，越来越多的游客来旅游……。
4.将来……。
要求：
1. 语句通顺，书写工整。
2. 不得出现真实的学校和姓名。
3. 可适当增加内容，不少于80词。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Great changes in my hometown
In the past, my hometown was very small. People lived a poor life. The houses were old and small. Pollution was very serious, and there was rubbish everywhere. The traffic was not convenient, so few visitors came here.
Now great changes have taken place in my hometown. The environment has become more beautiful. The mountains have turned greener, the rivers clearer and the sky bluer. There are trees, flowers and grass everywhere. People live a better life. Their houses are large and bright. Many people have their own cars. Every year, thousands of people come to visit our city.
I’m sure my hometown will become better and better in the future.
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2023年中考英语一轮复习讲练测
八上Unit 1-4
一、重点短语
Unit 1
1. go on vacation =take a vacation=go for vacation 去度假
2. quite a few/ a little /a lot (of) 相当多；不少
3. have a good time =have fun =enjoy oneself 玩的开心；过得愉快
4. in the past 在过去
5. because of 因为
6. up and down 上上下下
7. in excitement 兴奋地；激动地
8. another two hours = two more hours 另外两小时
Unit 2
1. of course 当然
2.hardly ever 几乎不；不曾
3.once a day 每天一次 twice a week 每周两次 three times a month 每月三次
4.help with housework 帮忙做家
5.be good/bad for 对……有好处/坏处
6.play sports 做运动
7.more than 多于
8.less than 少于
Unit 3
1. both... and... ……和……都
2. be talented in music 在音乐方面天赋
3 do the same things as me与我做相同的事
4. be good at sports 擅长运动
5. truly care about me 真正关心我
6. make me laugh 使我发笑
7. as long as 只要
8. be different from... 与……不同
9. bring out 使显现；使表现出
10. in fact 事实上
11. be similar to... 与……相似
12. be good with children善于同孩子打交道
Unit 4
1.be closest to home离家最近
2.so far到目前为止
3.couldn’t stop laughing忍不住大笑
4.around the world=all over the world全世界
5.have one thing in common有一个共同之处
6.play a role in doing sth在做某事中起作用
7.take sb/sth too seriously 认真对待某人或某事
8.be fun to do sth做某事有趣
9.make one’s dream come true使某人的梦想成真
10.be up to sb由某人决定
二、精讲精练
要点1
so many，so much，too many， too much和much too辨析
so many 如此多， 后接可数名词复数 There are so many people in the street. 大街上有如此多的人。
so much 如此多， 后接不可数名词 We make so much pollution every day. 我们每天制造如此多的污染。
too many 太多，后接可数名词复数 You made too many mistakes.你犯了太多的错误。
too much 太多，后接不可数名词 There is too much rain in Hefei this year.今年合肥下了太多的雨。
much too 太，过于， 后接形容词或副词 It’s much too noisy in the room. I can’t stand it. 房间里太吵了，我受不了了。
【典例分析】
1.请用too much, much too, too many填空
1). There is _____________ rice in my bowl.
2). We have _____________ apples in the bag.
3). Today is _____________ hot.
【答案】1.too much 2.too many 3.much too
要点2 because
because与because of的区别
because, because of都表示“因为”：
区别 举例
because引导原因状语从句，because通常用来回答why提出的问题，与so不能同时使用 I did it because they asked me to do it! = They asked me to do it, so I did it.我做这件事是因为他们让我做! —Why didn’t you go to see the film 你为什么没去看这部电影 —Because I have seen it.因为我看过了。
because of意为“因为”，其后可接名词、代词、动名词以及由what引导的从句等 He didn’t go to school because of illness. 他因为生病没去上学。 He knew she was crying because of what he said. 他知道她因为他说的话正在哭。
【典例分析】
1．The students didn’t need to go to school because there was a storm. （同义句改写）
The students didn’t need to go to school __________ ____ the storm.
【解析】 because of
2.He was ill, so he didn’t go to school. （同义句改写）
_____________ he was ill, he didn’t go to school.
【解析】Because
要点3 seem
seem常作系动词,意为“看来;似乎”,其常见结构如下:
1.seem+形容词/名词,意为“似乎……”。例如:
She seems quite happy today.今天她似乎很高兴。
2.seem+to do sth.,意为“好像要做某事”。例如:
Something seemed to be wrong with the train.火车好像出故障了。
3.It seems/seemed + that从句,意为“看起来似乎……”。
4.seem like...意为“似乎是……;看起来像……”。例如:
It seems like an interesting film.它看起来像是一部有趣的电影。
【典例分析】
1.它看起来像是一部有趣的电影。
It __________ ___________an interesting film.
【答案】seems like
2.she seems unhappy. (改为同义句)
=She ________ ________ ________ unhappy.
=_______ _______ ______she is unhappy
【答案】seems to be = It seems that
要点4 hardly （高频考题）
hardly是副词,意为“几乎不;几乎没有”,是一个具有否定意义的词。
My legs were so weak that I could hardly stand. 我的腿太虚弱,以至于几乎无法站立。
hardly 几乎不= almost not
He can hardly believe the result, can he （前否后肯）
辨析hard和 hardly的区别:
hard 作形容词,意为“困苦的;艰难的;坚硬的”; 作副词,意为“努力地;猛烈地
hardly 作副词, 意为“几乎不;几乎没有”,它并不是hard的副词形式
【典例分析】
1.—I have some trouble in learning maths.
—Take it easy, because we can __________avoid meeting problems in study.
A. always B. usually C. often D. hardly
【答案】D
【解析】always"总是";usually"通常";often"经常";hardly"几乎不"。结合语境可知此处指"难以"避免遇到问题,应用否定副词,故选D。
2. It rained ______. People could _______ go out.
A. hardly, hardly B. hard, hardly C. hardly, hard D. hard, hard
【答案】B
【解析】hard激烈地 猛烈地，努力地这里形容雨下的大用hard。hardly表示几乎不能。故选B。
要点5 full
full(adj.)忙的；满的；充满的
Next week is quite full for me, Jack. 杰克,下周我想当忙。
The bottle is full of water. 这个瓶子装满了水。
【探究】full意为“忙的”时,和busy同义;意为“满的；充满的”时,和empty互为反义词。
【拓展】be full of是固定搭配,意为"充满;装满",和be filled with是同义表达,其中fill是动词。
【典例分析】
1.我儿子饱了，不要往碗里加肉了。
My son is _________and don't ________the bowl _______ meat.
【答案】full 形容词 fill with 动词
2．Now you can see that cup is _______ water．
A．fill with B．filling with C．full with D．filled with
【答案】D
【解析】be filled with与be full of均有“充满、填满”之意，而full不能与with连用，故选D。
要点6
have to意为“不得不，必须”，表示客观情况要求某人必须做某事，有人称和时态的变化，后接动词原形。
【拓展】
must与have to的辨析：
have to侧重于客观需要，含有“不得不”或“被迫”之意，有多种时态形式；否定式为don’t have to意为“不必”。
must侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务去做某事；只有现在时一种形式（在宾语从句中可以表示过去）；否定式mustn’t 意为“一定不要；不允许”。例如：
It’s raining. I have to stay at home. 正在下雨，我不得不待在家里。
【典例分析】
用have to 和must填空
1.She isn’t very well these days and she __________stay at home.
2.You ________ do your homework first.
3.We _________help each other.
4.Mother is out, so I _________ look after the shop.
【答案】1.has to 2.must 3.must 4.have to
要点7
through & across & over
through 表示“从物体内部穿过”，如穿过隧道，森林，窗户，门等；
across 表示“穿过、横穿”，强调从物体表面通过，如穿过河道，街道等；
over 表示“越过”，强调从物体上方翻越，如翻过围墙，栅栏。
【典例分析】
1.用through across and over填空
1）.We have to walk__________ a big forest to get there.
2）Be careful when you go__________ the road.
3）He climbed ___________the wall.
4）Go the bridge and turn left.
5）The man swam the Yangtze River last year.
【答案】1)through 2)across 3)over 4）through 5）across
要点8
both, either, neither, all与none
both 代词，用于两者，表示“两者都”，常位于be动词、情态动词之后，行为动词之前。作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。常用于：both of+人称代词或 both of+ the/these/my...+ 名词 You are both right. 你们两个都对。
连词，常构成短语：both...and...,意为“两者都...”
all 用于三者或三者以上，表示“都，一切”，作主语，笼统地表示所有人时，谓语动词通常用复数形式;笼统地表示所有事物或现象时，谓语动词通常用单数形式，常用于“all of...”结构 All are here. 所有人都在这儿。 All is silent. 万籁俱寂。
none 表示三者或三者以上的人或物都不，常用于“none of...” 结构
either 副词，常构成短语： either...or..., 意为 “要么...要么...”
代词，意为“两者任一”，常用于：either of + 名词/代词
neither 副词，常构成短语：neither...nor..., 意为 “既不...也不...”
代词，意为 “两者都不”，常用于：neither of + 名词 / 代词的复数
【典例分析】
一.用both，all，either与neither填空
1）.________the two boys__________(be) clever. 两个男孩都很聪明。
2）.__________of the two boys ________(be) clever. 两个男孩都很聪明。
3）.__________of the two boys ________(be) clever. 两个男孩都不聪明
4）.There are flowers on ___________ sides of the road. 路边长满了野花。
5）.There are flowers on ________ side of the road. 路边长满了野花。
6）. _________ the flowers are gone. 所有的花都谢了。
7）. ________of us are from China.我们都来自中国。
8）. Her parents are ____________doctors.她父母都是医生。
9）.The two coats are cheap, so you can choose _________ of them.那两件外套不贵，你可以随便挑一件。
10）. All the coats are cheap, so you can choose _________ of them. 所有的外套不贵，你可以随便挑一件。
【答案】1.Both are 2.Either is 3.Neither is 4.both 5.either 6.All 7.All 8.both 9.either 10.any
要点9 Break
break(v.)打破；打碎；折断(n.)停顿；休息
作动词时,既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词。意为“(使)破裂；(使)破坏；损坏”
作名词时，意为“停顿；休息”
【同步拓展】
break into 破门而入；强行闯入 break down 垮掉；出故障
break off (使)分离；停止；中断 take breaks/a break休息
break out (战争，不愉快事件)爆发，突然发生 break up 结束；破碎
【典例分析】
1. His race car ________ halfway. He had to give up the race.
A．broke out B．broke into C．broke up D．broke down
【答案】D break down 垮掉；出故障
要点11
care(v.)在意；担忧；关心
【观察】He didn't pass the exam, but he didn't seem to care. 他考试没有及格，但他似乎不在意。
I don't care what sports he likes. 我不在意他喜欢什么运动。
【探究】care意为“在意；担忧；关心”，可以作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词。当作 及物动词时，其后通常跟宾语从句。
【拓展】(1)care还可以作名词，意为“在意；关心”。
Children need our care. 孩子们需要我们的关心。
要点12 similar
similar作形容词，意为“相似的”。be similar to…意为“与……相似，接近”，一般用在相近似的物品和情境的对比上。例如：
His problem is similar to yours. 他的问题和你的相似。
【拓展】
（1）look like意为“看起来像……” 。应用范围最广，除了描述人、物之外，也能抽象表达事件或现象。例如：
He looks like a famous movie star. 他看起来像一个电影明星。
（2）take after 最常见的是用在有血缘关系的亲子之间，外貌用的最多，也能够用在性格脾气这些内在特质上。例如：
She took after her mother almost in everything. 她几乎与她母亲一模一样。
【典例分析】
1.Your new bike is different________ mine, but quite similar________ Jack’s.
A. to; to B. to; from C. from; to D. from; from
【答案】C
【解析】be different from 与。。。不同。Be similar to 与。。。相似。
2.—Can you tell the difference between these two pictures
—The difference Oh, no. They look quite .
A. similar B. different C. strange D. interesting
【答案】A
【解析】similar"相似的";different"不同的";strange"奇怪的";interesting"有趣的"。结合本题语境可知,它们看起来很"相似",故所缺的词是similar。
要点13
(1)as long as意为“只要”，引导条件状语从句。从句可以置于主句前，用逗号隔开，也可以放到主句后。如果主句是一般将来时，从句常用一般现在时。
As long as it doesn't rain, we will go there. 只要不下雨，我们就会去那里。
as long as还可意为“既然；和....一样长；达.....之久”
As long as you are going, I'll go.既然你要去，那么我也去。
【典例分析】
1.—What's your opinion on friends
—They are like books. We don't need a lot of them they're good.
A. as long as B. as soon as C. so that D. as if
【答案】A
【解析】 考查连词短语辨析。as long as 意为“只要”；as soon as意为“一……就……”；so that意为“以便”；as if意为“好像”。句意：“关于朋友，你有什么观点？”“朋友就像书一样。不在多而贵在好。”故选A。
要点14
be different from
Be different from 意为“与……不一样”
【考点拓展】the same as 意为“与……一样”
【典例分析】
1.Many teenagers don't like to talk with their parents. But I am them. I love to share my joy and sorrow with my parents.
A．the same as B. different from C. interested in D. angry with
【答案】the same as“与……一样”；be different from“与……不同”；be interested in“对……感兴趣”；be angry with“生某人的气”，由句意可知选B。
要点15
be good with... 和……相处得好 后接表示人的名词
be good for对有好处
be good for的反义词组为 be bad for（对……不利；对……有害）
★ Enough sleep is good for our health.充足的睡眠对我们的健康有益
★ Eating vegetables is good for you.吃蔬菜对你有好处。
【易混辨析】
be good to... 对……友善 后接表示人的名词
be good at... 擅长…… 后接名词、代词或动名词
be good with... 和……相处得好 后接表示人的名词
【典例分析】
1.用be good （to at for with）填空。
1）Exercising ____________our health.
2）Chinese_____________ foreigners.
3）Tony___________ skiing.
4）He___________ children.
【答案】1）is good for 2）are good to \is good with 3）is good at 4） is good with\ is good to
要点16 close to
close to意为“靠近，接近”，相当于next to。例如：
Jim’s house is close to his school. 吉姆的家离学校很近。
【拓展】
（1）close可作动词，意为“关上，闭上”。其形容词形式为closed，意为“关着的”。例如：
Some stations are closed on public holidays. 在公共假日里某些车站是关闭的。
close还可作形容词，意为“亲密的；势均力敌的”。例如：
close friends 密友 a close game势均力敌的比赛
【注意】
be close to的反义短语是be far from...离……远
【典例分析】
1.我们班的人数将近40人。
The number of the students in our class is _________ _________ 40.
2.这家商店8点钟关门。
The shop _______ ______ at 8 o’clock.= The shop ______ at 8 o’clock
3.Mary是Lily的密友。
Mary is Lily’s _________ friend.
【答案】1.close to 接近。时间，数量，地点的靠近。 2.is closed\closes 3.close 形容词。亲密的。
要点 17 choose
choose的用法
(1)作为动词，意为“选择；挑选”。常用于以下表达中：
①choose (sb.)to do sth. “选择(某人)去做某事
My teacher chose me to answer his question. 我的老师选择我来回答他的问题。
②choose sb.as... “选择某人作为……”
My classmates chose me as their monitor. 我的同学们选择我当班长。
③choose sb. sth.=choose sth. for sb. “为某人挑选某物”
My mother chose a special present for me on my birthday.
=My mother chose me a special present on my birthday.
在我生日时妈妈为我选择了一份特别的礼物。
（2）其名词为choice,意为“选择”。
常用于:
①make a choice to do sth. “选择去做某事”
②have no choice but to do sth. “除了做某事之外别无选择”
【典例分析】
1.He chose me a nice present.（同义改写）
=He chose a nice present _________ __________.
【答案】for me
2. ① We go to the store to ___________ (挑选) presents for our friends.
② It’s my____________ (choose), not yours.
【答案】① choose 动词 ② choice 名词
3.我别无选择只得呆在家里。（完成句子）
I had _______ _______ ______ ________ __________ stay at home.
【答案】no choice but to
要点18
creative作形容词，意为＂有创造力的；创造性的＂。比较级形式是more creative；最高级形式是most creative。
He is a very creative child. 他是一个很有创造力的孩子。
His performance is the most creative one. 他的表演是最有创造力的。
【知识拓展】
（1）creative的动词形式为create，意为＂创造；创作＂。 She created lots of popular songs. 她创作了许多流行歌曲。 （2）-ive是常见的形容词后缀，加在一些动词后，构成形容词多表示＂具有……特性的＂＂有……倾向的＂，如：active积极的；活跃的；impressive给人印象深刻的；attractive有吸引力的。这类形容词大都是多音节词，其比较级、最高级一般是在词前加more/most。 These children always take an active part in after class activities. 这些孩子总是积极参加课后活动。
【典例分析】
1. My brother is ____________ (富有创造力的) and he always comes up with good ideas.
2. Her sister is one of the ____________（creative）engineers in our country.
【答案】1. creative 2. most creative
3. It's a idea to build cabin hospitals(方舱医院) to receive patients(收治病人) during the outbreak of COVID -19.
A. simple B. funny C. creative D. serious
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词。句意:在COVID-19疫情爆发期间建立方舱医院收治病人是一个创造性的想法。simple意为“简单的”;funny意为“好玩的”; creative意为“有创造性的”;serious意为“严肃的”。根据句意可知,是一个创造性的想法。故选C。
要点19
be up to sb. 意为＂是某人的职责；由某人决定＂，常用到的结构为：It’s up to sb. to do sth.＂应由某人做某事＂。
Whether we will go to the zoo is up to your father. 我们是否去动物园由你爸爸决定。
【知识拓展】
（1）be up to意为＂忙于；从事于＂，其中to是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。 What are you up to now 你现在忙什么呢？ （2）be up to意为＂胜任；适合＂，通常用于否定句或疑问句。 Do you think Jim is up to doing it by himself 你认为吉姆自己能胜任它吗？
【典例分析】
1.—_______
—I’m making a birthday card for Mum.
A. How is your mum B. How will you do that
C. What do you want to do D. What are you up to
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——你在做什么？ ——我正在给妈妈做生日卡。A. How is your mum你妈妈怎么样；B. How will you do that你会怎么做？C. What do you want to do你想做什么；D. What are you up to你在做什么？由下文的答语I’m making a birthday card for Mum. 我正在给妈妈做生日卡。可知，上文应该用What are you up to来问。故选D。
要点20 thanks for
thanks for动词短语，意为“因……而感谢”for 后接感谢的原因，可以是名词或动词-ing形式。
比较：thanks to是介词短语，意为“多亏，由于”，thanks不可以改为thank you, to后接表示感谢的对象。
辨析：thanks to 与thanks for
thanks to 介词短语意为“多亏；幸亏”，相当于because of /as a result of. to后可以接名词\代词或名词性短语。
thanks for 动词短语，意为“因……而感谢”for 后接感谢的原因，可以是名词或动词-ing形式。
【典例分析】
1. ________the house next door，this one seems like a palace.
A. Compared with B. Instead of
C. Thanks to D. According to
【答案】A
【解析】句意：和邻居家的房子比较，这一个似乎像一个宫殿。A. Compared with和……比较；B. Instead of代替；C. Thanks to幸亏；多亏；D. According to视……而定。根据题意，故选A。
2. the government’s efforts, our life is becoming better and better.
A. Instead of B. In spite of C. According to D. Thanks to
【答案】D
【解析】句意:多亏了政府的努力,我们的生活变得越来越好。thanks to 多亏了,由于。
复合不定代词
一、构成
复合不定代词是由some, any, no, every加-body,-thing,-one构成，列表如下：
somebody 某人
someone 某人
something 某物，某事 anybody 任何人
anyone 任何人
anything 任何事物
nobody 没有人
no one 没有人
nothing 没有东西 everybody 每人
everyone 每人
everything 一切
二、用法
1. 复合不定代词若作主语，其谓语动词一般用单数。
2. 形容词修饰不定代词时，该形容词必须后置。
3. 复合不定代词与动词不定式连用，不定式必须后置。
4. 含some-和any-的复合不定代词的用法区别
something; someone; somebody anything; anyone; anybody
一般用法 something, someone, somebody通常用于肯定句中
He found something strange but interesting. anything, anyone, anybody一般用于否定句，疑问句或条件状语从句中
特殊用法 表示请求、邀请、提建议等带有委婉语气的疑问句；
希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句中；
用something, someone, somebody
Would you like something to eat 当anything表示“任何事(物)，无论何事(物)”；
anyone，anybody表示“无论谁，任何人”时；也可用于肯定句中。
Anybody knows the answer.
5. nothing和nobody的用法
nothing nobody
用法 nothing 回答以what 开头的问题
—What’s on the table
—Nothing. nobody (no one) 回答who 开头的问题
—Who is in the classroom
—Nobody. (No one).
【典例分析】
1. I’m hungry, would you please give me ________ to eat
A. something delicious B. anything delicious
C. delicious something D. nothing delicious
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我饿了，你能给我点好吃的吗？
考查复合不定代词的用法。something某物，用于肯定句或表示请求/建议的疑问句中；anything任何东西，用于否定句或疑问句中；nothing没有什么；由 “would you please give me”可知，该句是表示请求的疑问句，要用something；delicious美味的，形容词，修饰不定代词要放在不定代词后，故选A。
2.He asked me if there was _______to read.
A. easy enough something B. enough easy something
C．something easy enough D．something enough easy
【答案】C
【解析】形容词修饰不定代词，放在后面。Enough修饰形容词也放在形容词后面。
3.I really have something important_______.
A．do B．to doing C．to do D．does
【答案】C
【解析】复合不定代词与动词不定式连用，不定式必须后置。
4.I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with ______.
A．everything B．anything C．something D．nothing
【答案】A
【解析】A．everything 每件事 强调整体。这里指整体，所以A符合。 B．anything 任何事 强调个体。 C．something有些事 D．nothing没有事。
一、概念
频度副词表示某一动作或状态出现的频率，即在一定的时间内某一动作或状态重复出现的次数。常用的频度副词有always, usually, often, sometimes等，其表示的频率有大小之分。
频度副词 含义 频率
always 总是 100%
usually 通常 90%
normally/generally 平常；正常地 80%
often 经常，常常 70%
sometimes 有时，不时，间或 50%
hardly ever 几乎从不，很少 5%
never 从来不，未曾，永不 0%
二、用法
1.频度副词一般置于助动词、情态动词或be动词之后，实义动词之前。 sometimes可位于句首、句中或句末。
2.对频度副词(短语)提问要用how often，即“多久一次”，用于询问某件事或某项活动发生的频率。
一、单项选择
1．Jane usually walks to school, but ________ she goes to school by bus.
A．sometime B．some times C．sometimes D．some time
【答案】C
【解析】句意：简通常步行上学，但有时她乘公共汽车上学。
考查频度副词。sometime某一时候，表不确定的时间；some times几次，表次数；sometimes有时，表频率；some time一段时间。根据“Jane usually walks to school”可知，此处指简上学乘坐某种交通工具的频率。故选C。
2．Zhang Hao ________ watches TV. He likes using the Internet.
A．hard ever B．hardly ever C．ever D．sometimes
【答案】B
【解析】句意：张浩几乎从不看电视。他喜欢上网。
考查频度副词辨析。hard ever表述有误；hardly ever几乎从不；ever曾经；sometimes有时。根据“He likes using the Internet.”可知，张浩喜欢上网，几乎从不看电视。故选B。
3．________ say that English is too difficult for us to learn. We can learn it well with efforts.
A．Always B．Sometimes C．Often D．Never
【答案】D
【解析】句意：永远不要说英语对我们来说太难学。我们可以努力学好它。
考查频度副词辨析。Always总是；Sometimes有时；Often经常；Never绝不。根据后句“We can learn it well with efforts.”可推知，应是绝不要说英语对我们来说太难学。故选D。
4．—________ do you go to the movies
—Hardly ever.
A．How often B．How old C．How many D．How much
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——你多久看一次电影？——几乎从不。
考查特殊疑问句。how often多久一次，提问频率；how old多大，提问年龄；how many多少，提问可数名词的数量；how much多少，提问物品价格或不可数名词的量。由答语“Hardly ever.”可知提问频率。故选A。
形容词和副词的比较级
一、定义
比较级用于两者(人或事物)的比较，表示其中一个比另一个＂更……＂或＂较……＂，后面用连词than 连接另一个所比较的人或事物。
二、用法
1. 表示两个人或事物作比较时，形容词要用比较级形式，形容词比较级之后常用than引出比较的对象。
This pen is longer than that one. 这支钢笔比那支长。
New York is bigger than Cambridge. 纽约比剑桥大。
2. 表示两者之间的选择，意为＂哪一个更……＂。
Who is taller, Lily or Lucy 莉莉和露西相比，谁更高？
三、形容词比较级前的修饰词
比较级前可以用much、a little、a lot、even、rather、still、any、a bit、far等词修饰，起强调作用，不可用very、so、quite、too(只能修饰原级)等修饰。
四、比较级的句型
1.A+be+形容词比较级+than+B
This cake is nicer than that one. 这个蛋糕比那个好。
2.A+实义动词+副词比较级+than+B
I work harder than my brother. 我比我弟弟学习刻苦。
3.在含有or的选择疑问句中，如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比较级形式。
Who is taller, Tim or Tom
谁更高，蒂姆还是汤姆？
【注意】在含有than的比较级中，前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴，即同类事物之间的比较。
Tina's hair is shorter than mine. 蒂娜的头发比我的短。
五、比较级的常考结构
1.“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”若比较级由more构成，则用“more and more+原级”结构。
Our life gets better and better. 我们的生活变得越来越好了。
Our school is becoming more and more beautiful. 我们的学校变得越来越美丽了。
2.“The+比较级...，the+比较级....”表示“越……，就越……”。
The harder you study, the more you know. 你学习越努力,你知道得就越多。
【注意】在比较级前面有时会用一些表示比较程度的副词或短语，如much，a lot，a little，even，far等。
It is much colder today than yesterday.今天比昨天更冷。
表示"两者之间比较....的一个(of the two)"时,常用"the+比较级"结构.
Mary is the taller of the twins. 玛丽是双胞胎中较高的那一个。
形容词和副词的最高级的用法
(1)三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时,用形容词或副词的最高级形式。形容词最高级前通常需加定冠词the,副词最高级前的the可以省
略,句末常接in/of/among短语来表示范围。
He is the strongest of all the boys.
他是所有男孩中最强壮的。
Of all the subjects, I like English best.
在所有学科中我最喜欢英语。
(2)表示“最……之一”用“one of + the +形容词最高级”。
The light bulb is one of the most helpful inventions.灯泡是
(3)形容词最高级前可以由物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰,此时不用定冠词the。
Yesterday is her happiest day in her life.
昨天是她生命中最开心的一天。
(4)比较级的形式表达最高级的含义
She runs the fastest in our class.=She runs faster than any
other student in our class.=She runs faster than the other students in our class.
她是我们班跑得最快的。
(5)表示“第……最……的”,用“the+序数词+形容词最高级”。
Is Shanghai the second largest city in China
上海是中国第二大城市吗
【典例分析】
1.他多么的开心啊！
__________ ____________ he is!
【答案】How happy
2.我觉得英语和语文一样重要。
In my point of view, English is ________ _________ _________ Chinese.
【答案】as important as (A=B as…as句式)
3. 我姐姐我细心得多。
My sister is __________ _________ __________ than me.
【答案】much more careful （A>B 比较级+than ，much修饰比较级）
4.这本书不及那本书有趣。
This book _________ ___________ ___________ __________ that one
【答案】isn’t as/so interesting as (A5. 老师告诉我们一些有趣的事情
The teacher told us __________ ___________.
【答案】something interesting。（形容词修饰不定代词后置）
6. 那个公园变得越来越美丽。
The park is getting ______ _____ ______ ___________.
【答案】more and more beautiful(比较级+and+比较级, 表示“越来越”)
7. 雨正变得越来越大。
The rain is becoming _______ _______ _______ .
【答案】heavier and heavier (比较级+and+比较级, 表示“越来越”)
8. 你吃的越多就越胖。
_____ _____ you eat, ____ _______you will be.
【答案】The more the fatter.( The +比较级， the +比较级 表示“越来越”)
9.这本书比那本书难
The book is _______ _________ _________ that one
【答案】more difficult than （A>B 比较级+than ，much修饰比较级）
10.中山是中国最美丽的城市之一。
Zhongshan is one of ________ __________ __________ cities in China.
【答案】the most beautiful (表示“最……之一”，用one of +最高级+复数名词)
11.这本书比那本书更有得多趣。
This book is___________ ___________ ___________ _____________that one.
【答案】a lot more interesting than (a lot 修饰比较级)
一、阅读目标
1-4单元着重叙事文的阅读，谈论过去的事件，经常发生的事情，以及个人爱好，学会形容词比较级，最高级在篇章的应用。
While the pandemic has prevented people from traveling afar, there’s a silver lining to that dark cloud: micro-tourism, or mini-vacations.
Micro-tourism refers to short-distance travel in which people drive two or three hours to a nearby destination and spend two or three days. With the pandemic prevention and control measures making long and distant trips less convenient, more and more Chinese people choose to take short trips instead. Mark Hou from Beijing is one of them. Before the pandemic, the 28-year-old preferred taking long trips abroad or leaving Beijing to see places of interest in other Chinese provinces. But the pandemic meant he had to adapt to a new travel style.
“Traveling a long distance means you should take public transportation. But that would be likely to increase the chances of infection, ” Hou said. “To stay healthy, short-distance travel is the better choice.”
After a long and tiring week at work, Hou likes to invite three or four friends and drive to Beijing’s suburbs on weekends. “In the peach blossom season, we go to the mountains with many peach trees. Walking in the mountains, we not only get the fresh air and have exercise, but also enjoy the beauty of flowers,” Hou explained. “When we feel tired, we can put up a tent to rest and have a picnic. That can ease tensions of daily life.”
To adapt to the new trend, many cities also create more opportunities for tourists. For example, in 2020, Shanghai launched a number of micro-tourism products for half-day and one-day tours, including exploring cultural heritage sites in the city experiencing rural life and going hiking. Destinations around cities, parks, campsites and resorts are offering new, specialized facilities and services for RV (房车) camping, jubensha parties, barbecues and picnics.
“With these programs, young tourists no longer look to get ‘distance’, but are willing to find new ways to experience their cities,” Feng Rao, head of Mafengwo Tourism Research Center, told People’s Daily.
Travel doesn’t mean you need to go far away to find a resting place for your heart. That’s also the mission of the micro-tourism.
1．Why do more and more Chinese people choose to take short trips
A．People don’t like to take public transportation.
B．The pandemic makes long and distant trips less convenient.
C．Micro-tourism is much easier and more interesting.
D．People want to find new ways to experience their cities.
2．The underlined words “adapt to” in paragraph 3 probably means ________.
A．to change oneself to deal with something B．to make something different
C．to be pleased to accept something D．to find something pleasant
3．According to the passage, which is NOT the micro-tourism
A．exploring cultural heritage sites in the city B．experiencing rural life around the city
C．going hiking in the mountains in the suburb D．visiting places of interest in another province
4．It’s clear that ________.
A．Long-distance travel must increase the chances of infection.
B．Mark Hou likes to have a short-distance travel with his friends on weekends.
C．Many cities including Shanghai will launch a number of micro-tourism products for tourists.
D．Only traveling afar can help to find a resting place for our heart.
5．What would be the best title for the passage
A．Adapting to a new style B．The meaning of travel
C．More opportunities for tourists D．Destinations around cities
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．A
【解析】本文主要介绍了由于疫情，人们可以选择一种新的旅行方式，也就是短途旅行来放松自己。
1．细节理解题。根据“With the pandemic prevention and control measures making long and distant trips less convenient, more and more Chinese people choose to take short trips instead”可知，因为随着疫情防控措施的实施，长途旅行变得不那么方便，故选B。
2．词义猜测题。根据“Before the pandemic, the 28-year-old preferred taking long trips abroad or leaving Beijing to see places of interests in other Chinese provinces. But the pandemic meant he had to adapt to a new travel style.”可知，再疫情之前，他选择出国旅游或离开北京去中国的其他省份旅游，疫情改变了旅行方式，所以他不得不要适应一种新的旅行方式，划线单词与“to change oneself to deal with something”同义，故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“For example, in 2020, Shanghai launched a number of micro-tourism products for half-day and one-day tours, including exploring cultural heritage sites in the city experiencing rural life and going hiking.”可知，包括探索城市的文化遗产，体验乡村生活和徒步旅行，故选D。
4．细节理解题。根据“After a long and tiring week at work, Hou likes to invite three or four friends and drive to Beijing’s suburbs on weekends”可知，马克喜欢在周末和他的朋友进行短途旅行，故选B。
5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了由于疫情，人们可以选择一种新的旅行方式，也就是短途旅行来放松自己，所以A选项“适应新的方式”符合本文标题，故选A。
二、写作目标
【实战演练】
近几年来，在党和国家惠民政策的帮助下，你的家乡发生了翻天覆地的变化。请以“Great changes in my hometown”为题，写一篇80词左右的文章，应包括以下要点，可适当发挥。
1.人们的生活条件有了很大提高，高楼随处可见。农村的孩子也有了更好的教育。
2.生活环境也得到了改善，天更蓝，水更清，路更宽，树更绿。交通变得更方便，……
3.最近，越来越多的游客来旅游……。
4.将来……。
要求：
1. 语句通顺，书写工整。
2. 不得出现真实的学校和姓名。
3. 可适当增加内容，不少于80词。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Great changes in my hometown
In the past, my hometown was very small. People lived a poor life. The houses were old and small. Pollution was very serious, and there was rubbish everywhere. The traffic was not convenient, so few visitors came here.
Now great changes have taken place in my hometown. The environment has become more beautiful. The mountains have turned greener, the rivers clearer and the sky bluer. There are trees, flowers and grass everywhere. People live a better life. Their houses are large and bright. Many people have their own cars. Every year, thousands of people come to visit our city.
I’m sure my hometown will become better and better in the future.
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