八年级下册 Unit 4-6（讲练学案）-2023年中考英语第一轮复习讲练测（人教版）
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2023年中考英语一轮复习讲练测
八下Unit 4-6
一、重点短语
Unit 4
1. look through 快速查看；浏览
2. work out 成功地发展；解决
3.get on with 和睦相处；关系良好
4. get into/have a fight with sb.与某人打架
5. so that 以便；为了
6.be afraid of doing sth.害怕做某事
7.cut out删除；删去
8.compare...with...把……和……作比较；对比
9. in one's opinion 依……看
10.not...until...直到......才......
11.know about 了解
12. push sb. so hard 逼迫某人太紧
13. cause a lot of stress for sb.给某人造成很多压力
Unit 5
1.at the time of在…时候
2. be busy doing sth忙于做某事
3.go off 闹钟发出响声
4. wake up醒来；叫醒
5.pick up 接电话
6.make sure确保
7. in a mess 凌乱不堪；乱七八糟
8.right away立刻；马上
9. make one’s way前往；费力地前进
10. in silence 沉默；无声
11. take down拆除；记录
12. Point out 指出
13. feel like doing sth想要做某事
Unit 6
1.work on 从事
2. as soon as 一…就
3.turn…into 变成
4.come out 出现；出版；结果是
5 make a dress 做衣服
6.fall in love爱上；喜欢上
7.get married结婚
8.all over the world全世界
9. the whole family整个家庭
10.have no time to do sth没有时间做某事
11.can’t stop doing sth情不自禁做某事
12.remind sb. to do sth提醒某人做某事 remind sb. of sth./sb.使某人想起
二、精讲精练
要点 1
Why don’t you... 句型
【原文链接】Why don't you talk to your parents (U4 P25）
1.Why don’t you do sth. =Why not do sth. 你为什么不做某事呢
例句：Why don’t you stay for supper = Why not stay for supper 你为什么不留下来吃晚饭呢
2.拓展：Why not 是常见的口语表达，意为“为什么不呢 ”，用于表示同意或赞同。
例句：—Let’s go to the seaside. 让我们去海边吧。—OK. Why not 可以。为什么不呢
【典例分析】
1.How about hanging out with friends to lower your stress （改为同义句）
Why_________ _________hang out with friends to lower your stress
【答案】don’t you
【解析】句意：和朋友一起出去释放一下压力如何？“why not”为什么不，和“how about”一样都表示提建议。在本句中“hang”是实义动词且主语“you”是第二人称，故把助动词do提前进行否定。故答案为Why，don’t，you。
2.—What should I get for my mother's birthday —Why _________ buy her a scarf
A．don't you B．do you C．are you D．aren't you
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——我该为我妈妈的生日准备什么呢？——为什么不给她买条围巾呢？
考查固定句型。why don't you do sth=why not do sth表示“为什么不做某事”，故选A。
3.Why don' t you get her a camera (改为同义句)
_________ _________ get her a camera
【答案】Why not
【解析】句意：你为什么不给她买个照相机呢？Why +don’t/didn’t you+动词原形？=Why not+动词原形？故答案为(1). Why (2). not 。
要点2
allow作为及物动词，意为“允许，准许”，后接动名词做宾语，通常不接不定式，allow doing sth“允许做某事”常用结构如下：
(1)allow doing sth. 允许做某事
(2)allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
(3)allow sb. sth. 让某人拥有某物(尤指钱或时间)
(4)allow + that ... 承认……
【典例分析】
1. Drivers shouldn't be allowed___________ after drinking，or they will break the law.
A. drive B. driving C. to drive D. drove
【点拨】C。allow sb to do 允许某人做某事。其被动形式。Be allowed to do sth. 故答案选C。
2. We don’t allow ________ in the library.
A . make B. making C. to make D. made
【点拨】B。allow doing sth. 允许做某事。故答案选B
3.My mother ______us ______TV after we finished our homework.
A. allow; watch B. allow; watching C. allowed; to watch D. allowed; watching
【点拨】C解析：句意： 我们做完作业后，妈妈允许我们看电视。根据 after we finished our homework，可知时态是一般过去时，allow sb to do，固定搭配，允许某人做某事，故选C。
要点3 look through
Well, I found my sister looking through my things yesterday.(U4 P26）
1.look though是固定短语，意为“快速查看；浏览”。
例：I looked through the notes before the exam. 我考试前匆匆看了一下笔记。
2.【拓展】look的短语小结
look at看 look up向上看；查阅
look for寻找 look out小心
look after照顾 look up to 仰慕；尊敬
look into 调查 look down on看不起
look through浏览 look over检查
look around环顾；四下察看 look forward to期待
【典例分析】
1.—I don’t know the new word.
—It doesn’t matter, you can ________ in the dictionary.
A．look up it B．look it up C．look for it
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我不认识这个生词，没关系，你可以在字典里查一下它。
考查动词短语的辨析。look for的意思是“寻找”；look up的意思是“查字典”，跟代词时应该放在look与up的中间，因此，答案为B项。
2.—What’s the meaning of “One Belt and One Road”
—Let me _____ the words in the new dictionary.
A. look at B. look for C. look after D. look up
【点拨】用短语辨析法解题。look at 看……；look for 寻找；look after 照顾；look up 查找。结合句意可知，“在词典中查找单词”。
3.When you don’t know a word，you can________ in the dictionary．
A. look it up B. set it up C. give it up D. pick it up
【点拨】考查固定短语。 A. look it up查单词；B. set it up 建立；C. give it up放弃；D. pick it up 拾起；句意：当你不知道这个单词的意思时，请查个字典，故选A项。
4. My mother is ill in hospital. I have to ________ my grandparents at home.
A．look for B．look at C．look up D．look after
【点拨】A．look for 寻找 B．look at看 C．look up 查阅 D．look after照顾。根据句意选D。
要点4 against的用法
① 词性：against是介词
② 可以表示“反对，对抗，违背”的意思，表示“强烈反对”一般与副词strongly搭配；
经常与“be ; play ; fight ; argue”等连用：
be against……:违反，反对…… ；play against…..:和……对抗比赛；fight against…..:和……战斗
argue against……:和……争辩
③ 可以表示位置“靠着；倚着，顶着”
④ 可以表示“撞击，碰着”
【典例分析】
1.我们将和来自二班的足球队比赛。
We will ________ ____________ the football team from Class Two.
【点拨】play against
2.全世界人民都反对战争。
The people around the world _________ _____________ the war.
【点拨】fight against
3. We are all against _____________________ wild animals for food.
A. to kill B. killing C. of killing D. kill
【点拨】 B句意：我们都反对猎杀野生动物来获取食物。考查非谓语动词形式的搭配。根据句中的are against，against为副词性质，其后通常连接名词性质的词形“名词、代词或动名词doing”。故选B。
4.—Which team will the French football team play ______
—The South Korean team.
A. for B. on C. against D. at
【点拨】C。考查固定搭配。句意: ——法国足球队和哪支球队对抗 ——韩国队。play against意为“与……对抗”。
要点5 work out
【原文链接】Hope things work out.(U4 P26）
1.work out属于“动词+副词”的短语搭配，意为“解决；成功地发展”。
如果宾语是名词，既可以放在out前，也可以放在out后；若宾语是代词，只能放在work和out之间。
例：I hope the project can work out fine. 我希望这个项目能顺利发展。
She is experienced enough to work out the problems. 她足够有经验，能够解决这些问题。
2.【拓展】动词+out
check out 查证 turn out 结果是
go out 出去 give out 分发；发放
find out查明 run out用完
try out试用；试验 set out动身；出发
【典例分析】
1.Last Friday, a fireman came to our school and told us what to do if a fire _________ .
A．works out B．puts out C．breaks out D．runs out
【答案】C
【详解】句意：上周五，一位消防员来到我们学校，告诉我们如果火灾突然发生我们做什么。
考查动词短语。works out研究出；puts out扑灭；breaks out，突然发生爆发；runs out用完。根据“a fire”可知表达的是“火灾突然发生”，用动词短语“breaks out”。故选C。
要点6 get on with
My problem is that I can’t get on with my family.(U4 P27）
1.get on with是固定短语，表示“和睦相处；相处融洽”，与get along with 同义。
get on/ along well with sb. 意为“和某人相处得很好”
例：They got on well with their classmates. 他们和同学们相处得很好。
2.get on badly with sb. 和某人相处得不好
【典例分析】
1.玛丽和她的父母和睦相处。
Mary_________ _________well with her parents.
【答案】gets on
【解析】句意：玛丽和她的父母和睦相处。主语三单，谓语三单，故谓语动词用单数形式；短语get on well with：和…和睦相处；结合句意和提示可知答案是(1). gets (2).on。
要点7
arrive v.到达；抵达
They arrived at the school before the bell rang.在铃响之前他们到达了学校。
辨析reach, arrive和get
(1)arrive不及物动词，后接宾语时要加介词in(大地点)或at(小地点)。
I arrived in Beijing last night.我昨天晚上到达了北京。
(2)reach及物动词，后面可以直接加宾语。
Finally we reached the top of the mountain.最终我们到达了山顶。
get作“到达”讲，后接宾语时要加介词to。
When did you get to the park 你什么时候到公园的？
注意：当arrive, get后接表示地点的副词，如here, there, home等时，则不用介词，即arrive/get＋地点副词。
词语 大地点 小地点 其他副词
arrive +in +at arrive here, arrive there, arrive home
reach reach +地点 reach here, reach there, reach home
get get to+地点 get here, get there, get home
【典例分析】
1.My uncle _______ the airport at 9:00 pm yesterday.
A. arrived B. got C. reached D. appeared
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我叔叔昨天晚上9点到达机场。A. arrived是不及物动词，后接宾语时要用介词at或in；B. got是不及物动词，后接宾语时要用介词to；C. reached是及物动词，后直接接宾语；D. appeared出现。句子My uncle _______ the airport at 9:00 pm yesterday.中的the airport前，没有任何介词，因此用动词reach。语境是：我叔叔昨天晚上9点到达机场。故选C。
2. Jim has _________ China for two years.
A. been to B. come to C. arrived in D. been in
【答案】D
【解析】arrive in 到达。非延续性动词。不能于一段时间连用。
3.Susan will _______ Beijing next Monday morning.
A. reach to B. get to C. arrive at D. go
【答案】B
【解析】句意：苏珊下周一上午将到达北京。A. reach是及物动词，后直接接宾语,不需要要to；B. get是不及物动词，后接宾语时要用介词to；C. arrive是不及物动词，后接宾语时要用介词at或in；达到Beijing 用in D. go后面跟宾语要用to。句子Susan will _______ Beijing next Monday morning. 中的Beijing前，没有任何介词，因此用动词reach。语境是：苏珊下周一上午将到达北京。故选A。
要点8 cut out
Maybe I could cut out a few of their activities(U4 P30）
1.cut out是固定搭配，意为“删除；删去”
例：I cut out one paragraph in this article. 我删除了这篇文章的一个段落
2.cut短语
cut up 切开；切成小块 cut down 砍倒
cut off 切掉 cut in 打断别人说话；插嘴
【典例分析】
1.—Mom, I have too many after-school classes. Some are really unnecessary.
—I get it. I will _________.
A．cut out it B．cut it out C．cut out them D．cut them out
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——妈妈，我放学后的课程太多了。有些真的没必要。——我明白了。我会停止一些课程。
考查动词短语和代词。cut out删除，停止。根据“Some are really unnecessary”可知回答用“them”来指代“一些课程”，表示“停止它们”，代词放在动词短语中间。故选D。
2.—I’m sorry to _________ on you, but there’s something I can’t understand. —It doesn’t matter.
A．cut down B．cut in C．cut out D．cut off
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——很抱歉打断你，但有件事我不明白。——没关系。
考查动词短语辨析。cut down砍到；cut in插话；cut out切断；cut off中断。根据“but there’s something I can’t understand”可知，抱歉打断了对方的话，故选B。
要点9 compare
compare…with…与compare…to…的区别
compare用作动词“比较，对比，比作”。常用短语：
“compare with”表示“把……和……相比”，表示同类人或事物相比较，是指研究评判人与人之间、事
物与事物之间相同或相异的程度；
（2）“compare to 表示“比喻为……”，是指出两者之间的关系相似，常表示不同类人或事物相比作、比拟,意味着两种事物有共同之处。如：
He compared his camera with mine.他把他的照相机跟我的比较。
We often compare a teacher to a candle．我们常把老师比喻成蜡烛。
(3) compared with/to...意为“和……相比”，该短语通常要求与其他词语组成独立状语，放在句首。如：
Compared with/to other cities, I think Guilin is more beautiful.
和其他城市相比，我认为桂林更漂亮。
【典例分析】
根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词
1.请不要老是拿我和别人作比较！
Do not always __________ me __________ others, please!
【点拨】compare with 表示“把……和……相比”，表示同类人或事物相比较.
2.他们都开始把他比作雷锋。
They all started to __________ him __________ Lei Feng.
【点拨】compare to “compare to 表示“比喻为……”，是指出两者之间的关系相似，常表示不同类人或事物相比作
3.教师的工作常被比作蜡烛。
A teacher’s work_____________ often________ ___________a candle.
【点拨】is compared to
要点10
can’t help doing sth. 意为“忍不住做某事”。
We couldn’t help laughing when we heard the interesting news.
听到有趣的消息，我们都忍不住笑了。
can't help doing sth.的同义词组为can't stop doing sth.注意区分can't help（to） do sth.“不能帮忙做某事”。
【典例分析】
1.我不能帮忙洗碗，因为我正忙着准备入学考试。
I _______________the dishes because I am busy preparing for the entrance exam.
【答案】can't help（to）wash
2.当男孩听到这个不幸的消息时，他禁不住哭起来。
When the boy heard the sad news，he_____________.
【答案】couldn't help crying
要点11
lead的用法
（1）作为及物动词，意为“领导；率领；（过）某种生活”。
常用于以下表达中：
①lead sb.to do sth.，意为“带领某人去做某事”。
Our coach led us to beat Class 1 in the basketball match.
我们教练带领我们在篮球赛中击败了一班。
②lead sb. against ...，意为“带领某人对抗……”。
He led a group of people against the enemy.
他率领一群人和敌人对抗。
③lead a happy life,意为“过上幸福的生活”。
The young couple led a happy life from then on.
从那时起，这对年轻的夫妇过上了幸福的生活。
（2）作为不及物动词，意为“通向”，常用于lead to sp.,意为“通往某地”。
All roads lead to Rome.条条大道通罗马。
【典例分析】
1.我的父亲引导我帮助处在困境中的人。
My father_________ me __________ people in trouble.
【答案】leads to help. lead sb.to do sth.，意为“带领某人去做某事”
2.这条路通向旅馆。
This road _____________ the hotel.
【答案】leads to lead to 意为“通向”
3. 他的勤奋导致他的成功。
His hard work _________his success.
【答案】lead s to lead to 意为“导致”
要点12
go off为不及物动词短语，在此意为＂发出响声＂，可指闹钟或警报器等突然发出声响。
You’d better get up as soon as the alarm clock goes off.最好闹钟一叫你就起床。
A car alarm went off in the middle of the night. 半夜里一辆汽车的警报器响了。
Listen! The bell is going off. 听！铃响了。
【知识拓展】
(1) go off意为＂(灯)熄灭；停止运转；离开＂。 The light went off as we entered the room. 我们进屋时灯灭了。 (2) go off还可以表示＂变质，变坏＂。 Milk goes off quickly in hot weather. 牛奶在热天很容易变坏。
要点13
pick up意为＂接电话＂，是动副结构。当宾语是代词时，放在pick up中间，当宾语是名词时，放在pick up中间或后面。
The phone is ringing. Could you please pick it up for me 电话响了。请你帮我接一下好吗？
【知识拓展】
pick up的其他含义 (1)pick up还指“拾起来,捡起”,接名词作宾语时,放在副词前后都可以,当接代词it/them作宾语时, 只能放在动词和副词之间。 Your pen is lying on the floor; please pick it up.你的钢笔在地板上,请把它拾起来。 (2)pick up还可意为“(开车)接(某人)”。 I will pick you up at six tomorrow morning.明天早上六点钟我去接你。 (3)学会；(偶然)得到 Here’s a tip I picked up from my mother.告诉你一个窍门，是我从妈妈那里学来的。
【典例分析】
1.—Look! What’s on the ground
—Oh, it’s my sweater. Please ______________.
A. pick it up B. put it on C. give it out D. take it off
【答案】A
2.My grandmother is coming from Nanjing and I'm going to the airport to .
A、pick her up B、see her off C、ring her up D、wake her up
【点拨】A 句意：我奶奶要从南京来，我要去机场接他。pick up拾起；（用车）接某人；see off送行；ring up给某人打电话；wake up叫醒。根据句意可知A正确。
3.汤姆的爸爸每天都接他放学。
Tom’s father __________ __________ __________ every day.
【点拨】picks him up
要点14 seem
seem常作系动词,意为“看来;似乎”,其常见结构如下:
1.seem+形容词/名词,意为“似乎……”。例如:
She seems quite happy today.今天她似乎很高兴。
She seems a clever girl.看来她是一个聪明的女孩。
2.seem+to do sth.,意为“好像要做某事”。例如:
Something seemed to be wrong with the train.火车好像出故障了。
3.It seems/seemed + that从句,意为“看起来似乎……”。
4.seem like...意为“似乎是……;看起来像……”。例如:
It seems like an interesting film.它看起来像是一部有趣的电影。
【典例分析】
1.它看起来像是一部有趣的电影。
It __________ ___________an interesting film.
【答案】seems like
2.他似乎已经找到他的钱包了。
_________ ________ ________he has found his wallet.
【答案】It seems that
3.she seems unhappy. (改为同义句)
=She ________ ________ ________ unhappy.
=_______ _______ ______she is unhappy
【答案】seems to be = It seems that
要点15
either此处用作副词，意为“也（不）”，用于否定句句末。
If you do not go, I shall not go either. 你不去，我也不去。
【易混辨析】either,also, too与as well
either“也（不）”，用于否定句，一般放在句末
also“也”，一般用于肯定句，常放在句中
too“也”，一般用于肯定句或疑问句，常放在句末
as well“也”，用于肯定句或疑问句，位于句末
I didn’t come to school yesterday either. 我昨天也没来学校。
She speaks English and she also writes English. 她说英语，也写英语。
Are you going to work too 你也要去上班吗？
I can swim as well. 我也会游泳。
【典例分析】
用too, also, as well或either填空
1. They __________ went to the park last weekend.
2. He didn’t bring his homework to school, __________.
3. She bought some clothes __________.
4. Jack went fishing, __________.
【点拨】1.also 常用在句中，be动词之后行为动词之前。
2.either 用于否定句中，句末。
3.as well用于肯定句句末。不用逗号。
4.too 用于肯定句句末。用逗号隔开。
要点16
1）light n.光；光线；光亮。此时为不可数名词。
The children are dancing in the bright moonlight. 孩子们在明亮的月光下跳着舞。
【知识拓展】
light adj. 轻的；light n. 灯，为可数名词；light v. 点燃
It’s as light as a feather. 它像羽毛一样轻。
Please turn on the light. 请开灯。
Mother did not light the stove. 母亲没有生炉子。
1）beat动词，意为＂敲打；锤砸；击败＂，表示＂连续地打或拍＂，有＂殴打，击败＂之意，还可表示心脏或脉搏等跳动。
The rain beat against the car windscreen. 雨点打在汽车的挡风玻璃上。
要点17
hear动词，意为＂听说＂。常用结构为：
（1）hear sb do sth意为＂听见某人做某事＂。
（2）hear sb doing sth意为＂听见某人正在做某事＂。
（3）hear of /about sb / sth意为＂听说某人或某事＂。
（4）hear from sb 意为＂收到某人的来信＂。
（5）hear+ that从句意为＂听说……＂。
【典例分析】
1.He saw his mother___________(do)housework when he got up earlier.
【点拨】doing 表示看到某人正在做某事
2. I often see her ____________(dance) in the park.
【点拨】dance 表示看到某人做了某事
3. Did you see them _________ TV just now
A. to watch B. watching C. watched D. watches
【点拨】B考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：你刚才看见他们在看电视了吗？固定用法：see sb. doing sth. 意为“看见某人正在做某事”。故选B。
要点18
instead & instead of
instead 作为副词，意为“代替；而不是”，既可用于句首、也可以用于句中或句末。当instead位于句首起连接作用时，其前后一般用句号、逗号等标点隔开。 The professor didn’t answer my question. Instead, he asked me a question. 教授没有回答我的问题，相反，他问了我一个问题。
instead of 作为介词短语，意为“而不是”，其后常接名词、代词或动名词等。 Let’s go out for a walk instead of watching TV at home all day long. 让我们出去散步，而不是整日待在家里看电视吧。
【典例分析】
1.昨晚他待在家里，而没有去看电影
He stayed at home_________ ________ ________ to the cinema last night.
【点拨】instead of going
2.她没有玩电脑游戏，而是为考试而学习。
She didn’t play computer games. She studied for the test __________.
【点拨】instead
3.He didn't answer my question. Instead，he asked me a question.(同义改写)
＝He asked me a question_________ ________ ___________my question.
【点拨】instead of asking
要点19 whole
whole与all的用法：
① whole和all两者都用作形容词，意为“整个的；全部的”，但在句中的位置不同，whole位于限定词（定冠词、指示代词、物主代词及所有格）之后（限定词+whole+名词）。all位于限定词（定冠词、指示代词、物主代词及所有格）之前（all+限定词+名词）。如：
The whole school/all the school was empty. 整个学校空无一人。
② 修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数时，一般用all。如：
I know all those people. 我认识所有那些人。
Jane has drunk all the milk. 简已经喝了所有的牛奶。
③ 在表示地名的专有名词前用all，不用whole，但可用the whole of，如不能说the whole China，但可说the whole of China，用all时则可表示为all China。如：
Li Ming travelled the whole of China/all China in the past few years.
在过去几年里，李明游览了全中国。
【典例分析】
1．He spent________ writing.
A．the morning all B．the all morning
C．whole the morning D．the whole morning
【点拨】D本题用词语应用法解答。表示“全部的，整个的”时，whole放在冠词之后，all放在冠词之前。故选D。
2. Last Sunday my ________ family went to the beach except my father. He was away on business.
A. healthy B. whole C. strange D. dangerous
【点拨】. B。本题考查形容词辨析。healthy意为“健康的”，whole意为“全部的；整个的”，strange意为“奇怪的”，dangerous意为“危险的”，结合语境可知应选B。
要点20
turn 相关短语
辨析：turn down/turn up/turn on/turn off
turn down 关小；调低；拒绝 The music is too noisy. Please turn it down.音乐太吵了，请把它调低。
turn up 开大；调高 Turn up the TV. I’m going to listen to the weather report.把电视音量调大，我要听天气预报。
turn on 打开（电源、煤气、水等） She turned on all the lights in the house.她打开了屋里所有的灯。
turn off 关闭 Don’t forget to turn off the light when you leave.你离开时不要忘了关灯。
【典例分析】
1. ---- Sara, __________ the TV right now. It’s time to go to bed. ---- Oh, Mum, this is my favourite programme!
A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down
【点拨】B A. turn on打开（电器等） B. turn off 关上 C. turn up将（声音）调大 D. turn down将（声音）调小。句意：在关掉电视。该睡觉了。----哦，妈妈，这是我最喜欢的节目！故答案选B。
2. How noisy it is! Could you please ____ the CD player a little
A. turn off B. turn down C. turn on D. turn up
【点拨】根据句意选B。turn down(把……调低)。
3. 别担心! 我已经关灯了.
Don't worry! I have _______ _______ the lights.
【点拨】turn off
要点21感叹句
本句是由what形成的感叹句，英语中的感叹句分为两种：由what引导的感叹句和由how引导的感叹句。
由 what 引导的感叹句，其句子结构可分为以下三种：
1. “ What + a/an ＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！”，如：
What a nice present it is! 它是一件多么好的礼物啊！
2. “ What ＋形容词＋可数名词复数＋主语＋谓语！”，如：
What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花啊！
3. “ What ＋形容词＋不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！”，如：
What fine weather it is today! 今天天气多好啊！
由 how 引导的感叹句，其句子结构也分为二种：
1. “ How ＋形容词 / 副词＋主语＋谓语！”，如：
How careful she is! 她多么细心啊！
2. “ How ＋形容词＋ a/an ＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！”，如：
How beautiful a girl she is! 她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊！
【典例分析】
1. ________special classes we had! We have learned a lot about paper cutting. （2019，山东青岛卷）
A. What B. What a C. How a D. How
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我们上的课多么不寻常啊！我们学到了很多剪纸的知识。感叹句的基本结构：How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语+其他! What+（a/an）＋(形容词)＋名词＋主语+谓语+其他！题干中的中心词classess是可数名词复数，符合“What＋形容词＋可数名词复数＋（主语+谓语+其他）！”，故答案选A。
注意：判断感叹句是由what还是how引导的方法：首先，断句。从句子后面向前看，找到“主语+谓语+其他”部分，把句子断开；其次，观察。观察句子前面剩余部分为名词（词组），还是形容词或副词；若是名词（词组），那么本句是由what（a/an）引导；若是形容词或副词，那么本句就由how 引导。
2.-___________wonderful the music is! What’s its name -Victory.
A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——多么美妙的音乐啊!它的名字是什么 ——Victory。考查感叹句。how和what都可用于引导感叹句：how修饰形容词或副词，what修饰名词或名词性短语。本句wonderful（美妙的）是形容词，需用how引导。根据句意结构，可知选A。
注意：表达欢喜、悲伤、惊讶等感情的句子称为感叹句。一般以疑问词what或how起始，而以惊叹号终结。感叹句通常有以下形式：一、How+形容词〔或副词〕+S+V…! 二、What a [an] +形容词+名词+S+V…! 若名词为不可数或复数的话，就不能用不定冠词。例如：What bad weather we’re having! 多讨厌的天气!三、How+形容词+ a [an] +名词+S+V…!
一、情态动词should与could的用法
1. should的用法
should为情态动词，表示劝告、建议，意为＂应该＂，它和其他情态动词一样，没有人称和数的变化，后接动词原形，其否定形式为shouldn’t。
Maybe she should say sorry to you. 也许她应该跟你说对不起。
2. could的用法
could既是can的过去式，表示过去的能力，又可以作情态动词表示谨慎、客气的建议，后接动词原形，其否定形式为couldn’t。
You could go out and buy her some medicine. 你可以出去给她买些药。
二、 提建议的表达方式
1. 用Why not... 来提出建议，表示＂何不…… ＂，not后接动词原形。＂Why not... ＂实际上是＂Why don’t we/you... ＂的简略形式。
Why not meet at the school gate at eight 何不8点在校门口见面？
Why don’t we stay here another day 我们为什么不在这儿再待一天呢？
2. 用＂Would/Could you please... ＂来提出建议或请求。此句式中的would/could并非是动词过去式，而是表示说话者的语气较为委婉。
Could you please tell me how to get to the post office 请你告诉我怎么才能到邮局好吗？
Would you please go hiking with me 和我一起去远足好吗？
3. 可以用＂Will you... ＂表示委婉地提建议或请求。
Will you go to Jinan with us 你和我们一起去济南好吗？
4. shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句，表示征求对方意见。
Shall we go swimming this afternoon 今天下午我们去游泳好吗？
Shall I open the window and close the door 我把窗户打开，把门关上好吗？
5. 可以用＂Let’s...＂来提出建议或征求对方意见。
Let’s make it a little earlier, OK 我们把时间定早一点好吗？
6. 用＂What about/How about... ＂来提出建议，about是介词，后面要接名词或动名词。
What about writing back to him about it 要不要就这事给他回一封信？
7. 用＂Would you like... ＂来提出建议，意思是＂你想要……吗 ＂，would you like后可接名词或动词不定式。
Would you like a cup of tea 你想要杯茶吗？
8. 回答建议的表达方式
（1）同意对方的建议时，一般用：
Good idea. / That’s a good idea.
OK. / All right. / Yes, please. / Yes, I’d love to.
No problem. / I agree with you.
Sure. / Of course. / Certainly.
Yes, I think so.
（2）对对方的建议表示拒绝时，一般用：
I don’t think so. / Sorry, I can’t. / Sorry, but...
I’d love / like to, but... / I’m afraid...
三、until，so that，although，when/while的用法
1. until的用法
（1）作介词，表示＂直到……为止＂。
The meeting may last until Friday. 会议可能要延续到星期五。
Mark will be working until 5 o’clock. 马克将一直工作到五点钟。
【注意】由上面两个例句可知：until用于肯定句中表示动作一直持续到until短语所表示的时间为止，即表示动作的终点，意为＂直到……为止＂。在这种用法中，句子的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，如：live，wait，last，love，like，stay，work等。
（2）作连词，表示＂直到……为止；在……以前；不到……（不）＂。
①用于肯定句中
Please wait here until I come. 请在这里等到我来。
②用于否定句中
I won’t stop shouting until you let me go. 你不放开我，我就一直喊叫。
【注意】 until作连词用于否定句中，从句的动作先发生，主句的动作后发生，意为＂直到……才……＂。
2. so that的用法
（1）so that引导目的状语从句，从句谓语动词常用情态动词may/might/can/could等。
We went early so that we could get good seats. 为了占到好座位，我们早早就去了。
（2）so that引导目的状语从句，当主句主语与从句主语一致时，可用＂so as to(in order to)＋动词原形＂转化为简单句。
He got up early so that he could catch the early bus.
=He got up early in order to/so as to catch the early bus.
为了赶早班公交车他起床很早。
（3）so that还可以与in order that互换。
He worked day and night so that/in order that he could succeed. 他夜以继日地工作为的是成功。
【知识拓展】
so...that...表示＂如此……以至于……＂，引导结果状语从句。
The boy is so young that he can’t go to school. 这个男孩太小还不能去上学。
3. although的用法
（1）although较正式，引导的从句放在主句的前后均可。
Henry often helps me with my math although he is quite busy. 尽管亨利很忙，但是他经常帮助我学习数学。
（2）although不能与but连用，但可与yet，still连用。
虽然他老了，但是他工作努力。
Although he was old, but he worked hard.（×）
Although he was old, he worked hard.（√）
Although he was old, yet he worked hard.（√）
4.while 和when
while 连词，意思是“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句。如：
While she was sleeping , someone knocked at the door. 当她睡觉时，有人敲门。
when 和while 都表示“当……的时候”。when 引导的时间状语从句中，谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是终止性动词，表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生或先后发生。
While引导的时间状语从句中，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，常用进行时态，表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生。When后动词一般用过去式，while后动词一般用过去进行时。
【典例分析】
单项选择
1. —What should I buy for my mother’s birthday
—_________________ buy her a new dress？Your mother likes wearing dresses.
A. Why do you B. Why don’t you
C. How about D. Shall I
【答案】B
【解析】此题用正确把握语境法，即通过对语境的分析来确定答案。分析上下文可知这是一个表达建议的语境，常用＂Why don’t you... ＂和＂How about... ＂来表达。根据＂buy＂可知选B项。
2. —Could you please _________________ in the room
—Oh, I’m sorry.
A. not smoking B. not smoke
C. not to smoke D. don’t smoke
【答案】B
【解析】本题中情态动词could后应跟动词原形，否定形式只需在could后加not，或在主要谓语动词前加not，故本题选B。
3. —_________________ you row a boat at the age of 10
—No, but now I _________________.
A. Can；can B. Can；could
C. Could ；can D. Could；could
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——你十岁的时候会划船吗？——不会，但是现在我会。Could用于一般疑问句，表示一种委婉的语气；can用于肯定答语时，表示肯定＂会＂。故选C。
4. Mr Green _________________ go to bed _________________ he finished his work last night.
A. does；until B. don’t；until C. didn’t；until
【答案】C
【解析】句意：昨天晚上格林先生一直到完成他的工作之后才上床睡觉。因为是昨天晚上发生的事情，用过去时态，故选C。
5. We got up early _________________ we could catch the early bus.
A. so that B. that
C. such that D. in order to
【答案】A
【解析】由题干可知句意为：我们早早地起床以便于能赶上早班车。so that 以便于，以至于；so...that...表示＂如此……以至于……＂；such...that... 表示＂如此……以至于……＂；in order to do sth表示＂为了做某事＂。由以上分析可知答案是A。
6. _________________ he is very young, _________________ he can do many things.
A. Although；but B. Although；/
C. /；although D. But；although
【答案】B
【解析】句意：虽然他很小，可他会做许多事情。although的意思是＂尽管，虽然＂，引导的是让步状语从句。but的意思是＂但是＂，构成的是并列句。在一个句子中but和although是不可以连用的，but放在句中，although放在句首。故选B。
7.Julie didn’t leave her office _________________ the police arrived.
A. however B. whenever
C. while D. until
【答案】D
【解析】考查连词的用法。句意：朱莉直到警察来才离开她的办公室。however然而；whenever无论何时；while当……的时候；until直到……时候。这句话中使用的结构是not...until...＂直到……才……＂，故选D。
8.John fell asleep _____ he was listening to the radio.
A. after B. before C. while D. as soon as
【答案】C
【解析】当John听广播的时候，睡着了。 While 当。。。时候。While引导的时间状语从句中，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，常用进行时态。
9. While we _______ the picnic, it _______ to rain.
A. are having; started B. have; is starting
C. were having; started D. were having; was starting
【答案】C
【解析】句意：当我们在野餐时，下雨了。考查时态。过去进行时表示在过去某一个动作发生时，
另一个动作正在发生。故答案选C
10. He ______ in Italy when he _______ the accident.
A. travelled; had B. was travelling; had
C. was travelling; was having D. travelled; was having
【答案】B
【解析】表示过去某个动作正在进行时，另一个动作发生了。此时通常用when连接。
11. Daisy always turns on the TV _____ she comes home.
A. because B. as soon as C. though D. then
【答案】B
【解析】句意：黛西一回家就打开电视。As soon as 一。。。就引导时间状语从句。
过去进行时
1. 过去进行时的构成：
肯定句形式：主语+was/were+动词的现在分词.
否定句形式：主语+was not(wasn’t)/were not(weren’t)+动词的现在分词.
一般疑问句形式：Was/Were+主语+动词的现在分词
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+was/were.
否定回答：No, 主语+was not (wasn’t)/ were not (weren’t).
2. 过去进行时的基本用法：
(1)过去进行时表示过去某一段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作。常用的时间状语有：at that time/ moment, (at)this time yesterday(last night/ Sunday/week …), at+几点钟+yesterday(last night / Sunday …)，when sb. did sth. 等。
(2)when和while表示“当……的时候”时，when后面通常接短暂性动词的一般时态，while后面通常接持续性动词的进行时态。
【典例分析】
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. While we ________________(wait)for the bus, a girl ________ (run)up to us.
【答案】was waiting ran. 当一件事情正在进行时，另一件事情发生了。
2. I ________________(telephone)a friend when Bob____________ (come)in.
【答案】was telephoning came when 后面一般是非延续性动词。
3. Jim ___________(jump)on the bus as it __________ (move)away.
【答案】jumped was moving
4. While mother _______________(put)Cathy to bed, the door bell ___________(ring).
【答案】was putting rang
5. We _______________(test)the new machine when the electricity __________(go)off.
【答案】was testing went
6. While we _____________ (wait) for the bus, an old man fell down.
【答案】were waiting
一、阅读目标
问题与建议，故事的阅读。
①The word “zhiyin”, which means close friends, comes from the story of Yu Boya and Zhong Ziqi in the Warring States Period.
②Boya was good at playing the guqin. One day, he was playing music on his way home on the boat. To Boya’s surprise, Ziqi, a woodcutter who happened to pass by, could understand exactly what he wanted to express through his music. After a long talk, they became good friends. Since Boya had to return to his state, they agreed to meet again in the following year.
③Unfortunately, when getting back to visit Ziqi, Boya heard that his friend had died from a disease（疾病）. Boya was so sad and in front of Ziqi’s tomb（墓）, he played again the music he had played when they first met. The feeling of the music was so strong that it was as if the rivers and the mountains were crying. When finishing playing, Boya broke his guqin into pieces. From then on, Boya never played again.
④People in the Song Dynasty built the Guqin Tai in Hanyang to the memory of the deep friendship between Boya and Ziqi. It became an important part of the local culture.
⑤Zhiyin culture has new development in the new period. The famous ancient Chinese classical（古典的）music piece Gaoshan Liushui was performed during the G20 Summit in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province in 2016. The musical performance not only showed the beauty of traditional Chinese culture, but also expressed China’s willingness to develop its friendship with people from around the world.
1. Why did Boya and Ziqi become good friends
A. They often went out on boat. B. They often cut wood together.
C. Ziqi could understand Boya’s music. D. They often played music together.
2. From paragraphs ②-③, we can know that _______.
A. Boya actually only met Ziqi once B. Boya broke his date with Ziqi at last
C. Boya often played the guqin in memory of Ziqi D. Boya and Ziqi were both good at playing music
3. Paragraph ⑤ is mainly about _______.
A. the new role of zhiyin culture B. the importance of classical music
C. the tradition of Gaoshan Liushui D. the friendship with foreign countries
4. Which of the following can best show the main idea of the story
A. Both together do best of all. B. A true friend is hard to find.
C. Old friends and old wine are best. D. A friend to everybody is a friend to nobody.
5. Which of the following best shows the structure（结构）of the passage
A. B. C. D.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. A 4. B 5. B
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是战国时期的俞伯牙和钟子期知音难求的感人故事，如今，知音文化也在新时期的发展中有了新的作用。
1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To Boya’s surprise, Ziqi, a woodcutter who happened to pass by, could understand exactly what he wanted to express through his music.”可知当俞伯牙在弹琴的时候，身为樵夫的钟子期刚好路过听到，竟能准确地理解俞伯牙想通过音乐传达的东西，说明钟子期能听懂俞伯牙的音乐。故选C。
2. 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Unfortunately, when getting back to visit Ziqi, Boya heard that his friend had died from a disease（疾病）.”可知，当俞伯牙要再次拜访钟子期的时候，听闻他已经患病而亡，说明俞伯牙和钟子期事实上只有一面之缘。故选A。
3. 主旨大意题。根据第五段第一句可知“Zhiyin culture has new development in the new period.”知音文化在新时期已经有了新发展，说明第五段主要说明了知音文化在新时期起到新的作用。故选A。
4. 主旨大意题。纵观全文可知文章讲述的是俞伯牙痛失知音钟子期的感人故事，由此可悟出“知音难求”的道理。故本文的标题应是“知音难求”。故选B。
5. 篇章结构题。文章第一段由“知音”一词引出了俞伯牙和钟子期“知音难求”的典故，这一典故在第二段和第三段做了详细的叙述，第四段叙述了唐朝时期人们修建知音台来纪念这一故事，并使它成为当地的文化。第五段则说明了这一知音文化在新时代的新意义。因此选项B的篇章结构图符合题意。故选B。
二、写作目标
问题与建议
【实战演练】
假如你是张阳，彼得是你的朋友，他现在是一名九年级学生。为了迎接中考，他整天忙于学 习，最近他感到压力很大，寝食不安，情绪低落，学习效率低下。请你写一封信给他提一些有益的建议，帮助他调整心态，提高学习效率，轻松应考。
要点如下
1.学会放松（每天适当锻炼、听音乐……）：
2.健康饮食；
3.保持充足睡眠;
4.多与他人沟通。
词数：80词左右，信件的开头和结用已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Peter,
Don't worry about your study too much. First, you should __________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours.
Zhang Yang
Dear Peter,
Don’t worry about your study too much. First, you should learn to relax. I think doing some sports is good for you. Listening to music is also a good way to relax. And I think it’s necessary to have a healthy eating habit. Remember to have breakfast every morning. It can provide you with enough energy to learn for the whole morning. What’s more, you’d better not stay up too late so as to have enough sleep. It will help you remain active during the day. Finally, you can talk with your friends, parents or teachers often. Tell them about your thoughts. Try to get help from them.
I hope you will be full of energy and learn better.
Yours,
Zhang Yang
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
2023年中考英语一轮复习讲练测
八下Unit 4-6
一、重点短语
Unit 4
1. look through 快速查看；浏览
2. work out 成功地发展；解决
3.get on with 和睦相处；关系良好
4. get into/have a fight with sb.与某人打架
5. so that 以便；为了
6.be afraid of doing sth.害怕做某事
7.cut out删除；删去
8.compare...with...把……和……作比较；对比
9. in one's opinion 依……看
10.not...until...直到......才......
11.know about 了解
12. push sb. so hard 逼迫某人太紧
13. cause a lot of stress for sb.给某人造成很多压力
Unit 5
1.at the time of在…时候
2. be busy doing sth忙于做某事
3.go off 闹钟发出响声
4. wake up醒来；叫醒
5.pick up 接电话
6.make sure确保
7. in a mess 凌乱不堪；乱七八糟
8.right away立刻；马上
9. make one’s way前往；费力地前进
10. in silence 沉默；无声
11. take down拆除；记录
12. Point out 指出
13. feel like doing sth想要做某事
Unit 6
1.work on 从事
2. as soon as 一…就
3.turn…into 变成
4.come out 出现；出版；结果是
5 make a dress 做衣服
6.fall in love爱上；喜欢上
7.get married结婚
8.all over the world全世界
9. the whole family整个家庭
10.have no time to do sth没有时间做某事
11.can’t stop doing sth情不自禁做某事
12.remind sb. to do sth提醒某人做某事 remind sb. of sth./sb.使某人想起
二、精讲精练
要点 1
Why don’t you... 句型
【原文链接】Why don't you talk to your parents (U4 P25）
1.Why don’t you do sth. =Why not do sth. 你为什么不做某事呢
例句：Why don’t you stay for supper = Why not stay for supper 你为什么不留下来吃晚饭呢
2.拓展：Why not 是常见的口语表达，意为“为什么不呢 ”，用于表示同意或赞同。
例句：—Let’s go to the seaside. 让我们去海边吧。—OK. Why not 可以。为什么不呢
【典例分析】
1.How about hanging out with friends to lower your stress （改为同义句）
Why_________ _________hang out with friends to lower your stress
【答案】don’t you
【解析】句意：和朋友一起出去释放一下压力如何？“why not”为什么不，和“how about”一样都表示提建议。在本句中“hang”是实义动词且主语“you”是第二人称，故把助动词do提前进行否定。故答案为Why，don’t，you。
2.—What should I get for my mother's birthday —Why _________ buy her a scarf
A．don't you B．do you C．are you D．aren't you
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——我该为我妈妈的生日准备什么呢？——为什么不给她买条围巾呢？
考查固定句型。why don't you do sth=why not do sth表示“为什么不做某事”，故选A。
3.Why don' t you get her a camera (改为同义句)
_________ _________ get her a camera
【答案】Why not
【解析】句意：你为什么不给她买个照相机呢？Why +don’t/didn’t you+动词原形？=Why not+动词原形？故答案为(1). Why (2). not 。
要点2
allow作为及物动词，意为“允许，准许”，后接动名词做宾语，通常不接不定式，allow doing sth“允许做某事”常用结构如下：
(1)allow doing sth. 允许做某事
(2)allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
(3)allow sb. sth. 让某人拥有某物(尤指钱或时间)
(4)allow + that ... 承认……
【典例分析】
1. Drivers shouldn't be allowed___________ after drinking，or they will break the law.
A. drive B. driving C. to drive D. drove
【点拨】C。allow sb to do 允许某人做某事。其被动形式。Be allowed to do sth. 故答案选C。
2. We don’t allow ________ in the library.
A . make B. making C. to make D. made
【点拨】B。allow doing sth. 允许做某事。故答案选B
3.My mother ______us ______TV after we finished our homework.
A. allow; watch B. allow; watching C. allowed; to watch D. allowed; watching
【点拨】C解析：句意： 我们做完作业后，妈妈允许我们看电视。根据 after we finished our homework，可知时态是一般过去时，allow sb to do，固定搭配，允许某人做某事，故选C。
要点3 look through
Well, I found my sister looking through my things yesterday.(U4 P26）
1.look though是固定短语，意为“快速查看；浏览”。
例：I looked through the notes before the exam. 我考试前匆匆看了一下笔记。
2.【拓展】look的短语小结
look at看 look up向上看；查阅
look for寻找 look out小心
look after照顾 look up to 仰慕；尊敬
look into 调查 look down on看不起
look through浏览 look over检查
look around环顾；四下察看 look forward to期待
【典例分析】
1.—I don’t know the new word.
—It doesn’t matter, you can ________ in the dictionary.
A．look up it B．look it up C．look for it
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我不认识这个生词，没关系，你可以在字典里查一下它。
考查动词短语的辨析。look for的意思是“寻找”；look up的意思是“查字典”，跟代词时应该放在look与up的中间，因此，答案为B项。
2.—What’s the meaning of “One Belt and One Road”
—Let me _____ the words in the new dictionary.
A. look at B. look for C. look after D. look up
【点拨】用短语辨析法解题。look at 看……；look for 寻找；look after 照顾；look up 查找。结合句意可知，“在词典中查找单词”。
3.When you don’t know a word，you can________ in the dictionary．
A. look it up B. set it up C. give it up D. pick it up
【点拨】考查固定短语。 A. look it up查单词；B. set it up 建立；C. give it up放弃；D. pick it up 拾起；句意：当你不知道这个单词的意思时，请查个字典，故选A项。
4. My mother is ill in hospital. I have to ________ my grandparents at home.
A．look for B．look at C．look up D．look after
【点拨】A．look for 寻找 B．look at看 C．look up 查阅 D．look after照顾。根据句意选D。
要点4 against的用法
① 词性：against是介词
② 可以表示“反对，对抗，违背”的意思，表示“强烈反对”一般与副词strongly搭配；
经常与“be ; play ; fight ; argue”等连用：
be against……:违反，反对…… ；play against…..:和……对抗比赛；fight against…..:和……战斗
argue against……:和……争辩
③ 可以表示位置“靠着；倚着，顶着”
④ 可以表示“撞击，碰着”
【典例分析】
1.我们将和来自二班的足球队比赛。
We will ________ ____________ the football team from Class Two.
【点拨】play against
2.全世界人民都反对战争。
The people around the world _________ _____________ the war.
【点拨】fight against
3. We are all against _____________________ wild animals for food.
A. to kill B. killing C. of killing D. kill
【点拨】 B句意：我们都反对猎杀野生动物来获取食物。考查非谓语动词形式的搭配。根据句中的are against，against为副词性质，其后通常连接名词性质的词形“名词、代词或动名词doing”。故选B。
4.—Which team will the French football team play ______
—The South Korean team.
A. for B. on C. against D. at
【点拨】C。考查固定搭配。句意: ——法国足球队和哪支球队对抗 ——韩国队。play against意为“与……对抗”。
要点5 work out
【原文链接】Hope things work out.(U4 P26）
1.work out属于“动词+副词”的短语搭配，意为“解决；成功地发展”。
如果宾语是名词，既可以放在out前，也可以放在out后；若宾语是代词，只能放在work和out之间。
例：I hope the project can work out fine. 我希望这个项目能顺利发展。
She is experienced enough to work out the problems. 她足够有经验，能够解决这些问题。
2.【拓展】动词+out
check out 查证 turn out 结果是
go out 出去 give out 分发；发放
find out查明 run out用完
try out试用；试验 set out动身；出发
【典例分析】
1.Last Friday, a fireman came to our school and told us what to do if a fire _________ .
A．works out B．puts out C．breaks out D．runs out
【答案】C
【详解】句意：上周五，一位消防员来到我们学校，告诉我们如果火灾突然发生我们做什么。
考查动词短语。works out研究出；puts out扑灭；breaks out，突然发生爆发；runs out用完。根据“a fire”可知表达的是“火灾突然发生”，用动词短语“breaks out”。故选C。
要点6 get on with
My problem is that I can’t get on with my family.(U4 P27）
1.get on with是固定短语，表示“和睦相处；相处融洽”，与get along with 同义。
get on/ along well with sb. 意为“和某人相处得很好”
例：They got on well with their classmates. 他们和同学们相处得很好。
2.get on badly with sb. 和某人相处得不好
【典例分析】
1.玛丽和她的父母和睦相处。
Mary_________ _________well with her parents.
【答案】gets on
【解析】句意：玛丽和她的父母和睦相处。主语三单，谓语三单，故谓语动词用单数形式；短语get on well with：和…和睦相处；结合句意和提示可知答案是(1). gets (2).on。
要点7
arrive v.到达；抵达
They arrived at the school before the bell rang.在铃响之前他们到达了学校。
辨析reach, arrive和get
(1)arrive不及物动词，后接宾语时要加介词in(大地点)或at(小地点)。
I arrived in Beijing last night.我昨天晚上到达了北京。
(2)reach及物动词，后面可以直接加宾语。
Finally we reached the top of the mountain.最终我们到达了山顶。
get作“到达”讲，后接宾语时要加介词to。
When did you get to the park 你什么时候到公园的？
注意：当arrive, get后接表示地点的副词，如here, there, home等时，则不用介词，即arrive/get＋地点副词。
词语 大地点 小地点 其他副词
arrive +in +at arrive here, arrive there, arrive home
reach reach +地点 reach here, reach there, reach home
get get to+地点 get here, get there, get home
【典例分析】
1.My uncle _______ the airport at 9:00 pm yesterday.
A. arrived B. got C. reached D. appeared
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我叔叔昨天晚上9点到达机场。A. arrived是不及物动词，后接宾语时要用介词at或in；B. got是不及物动词，后接宾语时要用介词to；C. reached是及物动词，后直接接宾语；D. appeared出现。句子My uncle _______ the airport at 9:00 pm yesterday.中的the airport前，没有任何介词，因此用动词reach。语境是：我叔叔昨天晚上9点到达机场。故选C。
2. Jim has _________ China for two years.
A. been to B. come to C. arrived in D. been in
【答案】D
【解析】arrive in 到达。非延续性动词。不能于一段时间连用。
3.Susan will _______ Beijing next Monday morning.
A. reach to B. get to C. arrive at D. go
【答案】B
【解析】句意：苏珊下周一上午将到达北京。A. reach是及物动词，后直接接宾语,不需要要to；B. get是不及物动词，后接宾语时要用介词to；C. arrive是不及物动词，后接宾语时要用介词at或in；达到Beijing 用in D. go后面跟宾语要用to。句子Susan will _______ Beijing next Monday morning. 中的Beijing前，没有任何介词，因此用动词reach。语境是：苏珊下周一上午将到达北京。故选A。
要点8 cut out
Maybe I could cut out a few of their activities(U4 P30）
1.cut out是固定搭配，意为“删除；删去”
例：I cut out one paragraph in this article. 我删除了这篇文章的一个段落
2.cut短语
cut up 切开；切成小块 cut down 砍倒
cut off 切掉 cut in 打断别人说话；插嘴
【典例分析】
1.—Mom, I have too many after-school classes. Some are really unnecessary.
—I get it. I will _________.
A．cut out it B．cut it out C．cut out them D．cut them out
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——妈妈，我放学后的课程太多了。有些真的没必要。——我明白了。我会停止一些课程。
考查动词短语和代词。cut out删除，停止。根据“Some are really unnecessary”可知回答用“them”来指代“一些课程”，表示“停止它们”，代词放在动词短语中间。故选D。
2.—I’m sorry to _________ on you, but there’s something I can’t understand. —It doesn’t matter.
A．cut down B．cut in C．cut out D．cut off
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——很抱歉打断你，但有件事我不明白。——没关系。
考查动词短语辨析。cut down砍到；cut in插话；cut out切断；cut off中断。根据“but there’s something I can’t understand”可知，抱歉打断了对方的话，故选B。
要点9 compare
compare…with…与compare…to…的区别
compare用作动词“比较，对比，比作”。常用短语：
“compare with”表示“把……和……相比”，表示同类人或事物相比较，是指研究评判人与人之间、事
物与事物之间相同或相异的程度；
（2）“compare to 表示“比喻为……”，是指出两者之间的关系相似，常表示不同类人或事物相比作、比拟,意味着两种事物有共同之处。如：
He compared his camera with mine.他把他的照相机跟我的比较。
We often compare a teacher to a candle．我们常把老师比喻成蜡烛。
(3) compared with/to...意为“和……相比”，该短语通常要求与其他词语组成独立状语，放在句首。如：
Compared with/to other cities, I think Guilin is more beautiful.
和其他城市相比，我认为桂林更漂亮。
【典例分析】
根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词
1.请不要老是拿我和别人作比较！
Do not always __________ me __________ others, please!
【点拨】compare with 表示“把……和……相比”，表示同类人或事物相比较.
2.他们都开始把他比作雷锋。
They all started to __________ him __________ Lei Feng.
【点拨】compare to “compare to 表示“比喻为……”，是指出两者之间的关系相似，常表示不同类人或事物相比作
3.教师的工作常被比作蜡烛。
A teacher’s work_____________ often________ ___________a candle.
【点拨】is compared to
要点10
can’t help doing sth. 意为“忍不住做某事”。
We couldn’t help laughing when we heard the interesting news.
听到有趣的消息，我们都忍不住笑了。
can't help doing sth.的同义词组为can't stop doing sth.注意区分can't help（to） do sth.“不能帮忙做某事”。
【典例分析】
1.我不能帮忙洗碗，因为我正忙着准备入学考试。
I _______________the dishes because I am busy preparing for the entrance exam.
【答案】can't help（to）wash
2.当男孩听到这个不幸的消息时，他禁不住哭起来。
When the boy heard the sad news，he_____________.
【答案】couldn't help crying
要点11
lead的用法
（1）作为及物动词，意为“领导；率领；（过）某种生活”。
常用于以下表达中：
①lead sb.to do sth.，意为“带领某人去做某事”。
Our coach led us to beat Class 1 in the basketball match.
我们教练带领我们在篮球赛中击败了一班。
②lead sb. against ...，意为“带领某人对抗……”。
He led a group of people against the enemy.
他率领一群人和敌人对抗。
③lead a happy life,意为“过上幸福的生活”。
The young couple led a happy life from then on.
从那时起，这对年轻的夫妇过上了幸福的生活。
（2）作为不及物动词，意为“通向”，常用于lead to sp.,意为“通往某地”。
All roads lead to Rome.条条大道通罗马。
【典例分析】
1.我的父亲引导我帮助处在困境中的人。
My father_________ me __________ people in trouble.
【答案】leads to help. lead sb.to do sth.，意为“带领某人去做某事”
2.这条路通向旅馆。
This road _____________ the hotel.
【答案】leads to lead to 意为“通向”
3. 他的勤奋导致他的成功。
His hard work _________his success.
【答案】lead s to lead to 意为“导致”
要点12
go off为不及物动词短语，在此意为＂发出响声＂，可指闹钟或警报器等突然发出声响。
You’d better get up as soon as the alarm clock goes off.最好闹钟一叫你就起床。
A car alarm went off in the middle of the night. 半夜里一辆汽车的警报器响了。
Listen! The bell is going off. 听！铃响了。
【知识拓展】
(1) go off意为＂(灯)熄灭；停止运转；离开＂。 The light went off as we entered the room. 我们进屋时灯灭了。 (2) go off还可以表示＂变质，变坏＂。 Milk goes off quickly in hot weather. 牛奶在热天很容易变坏。
要点13
pick up意为＂接电话＂，是动副结构。当宾语是代词时，放在pick up中间，当宾语是名词时，放在pick up中间或后面。
The phone is ringing. Could you please pick it up for me 电话响了。请你帮我接一下好吗？
【知识拓展】
pick up的其他含义 (1)pick up还指“拾起来,捡起”,接名词作宾语时,放在副词前后都可以,当接代词it/them作宾语时, 只能放在动词和副词之间。 Your pen is lying on the floor; please pick it up.你的钢笔在地板上,请把它拾起来。 (2)pick up还可意为“(开车)接(某人)”。 I will pick you up at six tomorrow morning.明天早上六点钟我去接你。 (3)学会；(偶然)得到 Here’s a tip I picked up from my mother.告诉你一个窍门，是我从妈妈那里学来的。
【典例分析】
1.—Look! What’s on the ground
—Oh, it’s my sweater. Please ______________.
A. pick it up B. put it on C. give it out D. take it off
【答案】A
2.My grandmother is coming from Nanjing and I'm going to the airport to .
A、pick her up B、see her off C、ring her up D、wake her up
【点拨】A 句意：我奶奶要从南京来，我要去机场接他。pick up拾起；（用车）接某人；see off送行；ring up给某人打电话；wake up叫醒。根据句意可知A正确。
3.汤姆的爸爸每天都接他放学。
Tom’s father __________ __________ __________ every day.
【点拨】picks him up
要点14 seem
seem常作系动词,意为“看来;似乎”,其常见结构如下:
1.seem+形容词/名词,意为“似乎……”。例如:
She seems quite happy today.今天她似乎很高兴。
She seems a clever girl.看来她是一个聪明的女孩。
2.seem+to do sth.,意为“好像要做某事”。例如:
Something seemed to be wrong with the train.火车好像出故障了。
3.It seems/seemed + that从句,意为“看起来似乎……”。
4.seem like...意为“似乎是……;看起来像……”。例如:
It seems like an interesting film.它看起来像是一部有趣的电影。
【典例分析】
1.它看起来像是一部有趣的电影。
It __________ ___________an interesting film.
【答案】seems like
2.他似乎已经找到他的钱包了。
_________ ________ ________he has found his wallet.
【答案】It seems that
3.she seems unhappy. (改为同义句)
=She ________ ________ ________ unhappy.
=_______ _______ ______she is unhappy
【答案】seems to be = It seems that
要点15
either此处用作副词，意为“也（不）”，用于否定句句末。
If you do not go, I shall not go either. 你不去，我也不去。
【易混辨析】either,also, too与as well
either“也（不）”，用于否定句，一般放在句末
also“也”，一般用于肯定句，常放在句中
too“也”，一般用于肯定句或疑问句，常放在句末
as well“也”，用于肯定句或疑问句，位于句末
I didn’t come to school yesterday either. 我昨天也没来学校。
She speaks English and she also writes English. 她说英语，也写英语。
Are you going to work too 你也要去上班吗？
I can swim as well. 我也会游泳。
【典例分析】
用too, also, as well或either填空
1. They __________ went to the park last weekend.
2. He didn’t bring his homework to school, __________.
3. She bought some clothes __________.
4. Jack went fishing, __________.
【点拨】1.also 常用在句中，be动词之后行为动词之前。
2.either 用于否定句中，句末。
3.as well用于肯定句句末。不用逗号。
4.too 用于肯定句句末。用逗号隔开。
要点16
1）light n.光；光线；光亮。此时为不可数名词。
The children are dancing in the bright moonlight. 孩子们在明亮的月光下跳着舞。
【知识拓展】
light adj. 轻的；light n. 灯，为可数名词；light v. 点燃
It’s as light as a feather. 它像羽毛一样轻。
Please turn on the light. 请开灯。
Mother did not light the stove. 母亲没有生炉子。
1）beat动词，意为＂敲打；锤砸；击败＂，表示＂连续地打或拍＂，有＂殴打，击败＂之意，还可表示心脏或脉搏等跳动。
The rain beat against the car windscreen. 雨点打在汽车的挡风玻璃上。
要点17
hear动词，意为＂听说＂。常用结构为：
（1）hear sb do sth意为＂听见某人做某事＂。
（2）hear sb doing sth意为＂听见某人正在做某事＂。
（3）hear of /about sb / sth意为＂听说某人或某事＂。
（4）hear from sb 意为＂收到某人的来信＂。
（5）hear+ that从句意为＂听说……＂。
【典例分析】
1.He saw his mother___________(do)housework when he got up earlier.
【点拨】doing 表示看到某人正在做某事
2. I often see her ____________(dance) in the park.
【点拨】dance 表示看到某人做了某事
3. Did you see them _________ TV just now
A. to watch B. watching C. watched D. watches
【点拨】B考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：你刚才看见他们在看电视了吗？固定用法：see sb. doing sth. 意为“看见某人正在做某事”。故选B。
要点18
instead & instead of
instead 作为副词，意为“代替；而不是”，既可用于句首、也可以用于句中或句末。当instead位于句首起连接作用时，其前后一般用句号、逗号等标点隔开。 The professor didn’t answer my question. Instead, he asked me a question. 教授没有回答我的问题，相反，他问了我一个问题。
instead of 作为介词短语，意为“而不是”，其后常接名词、代词或动名词等。 Let’s go out for a walk instead of watching TV at home all day long. 让我们出去散步，而不是整日待在家里看电视吧。
【典例分析】
1.昨晚他待在家里，而没有去看电影
He stayed at home_________ ________ ________ to the cinema last night.
【点拨】instead of going
2.她没有玩电脑游戏，而是为考试而学习。
She didn’t play computer games. She studied for the test __________.
【点拨】instead
3.He didn't answer my question. Instead，he asked me a question.(同义改写)
＝He asked me a question_________ ________ ___________my question.
【点拨】instead of asking
要点19 whole
whole与all的用法：
① whole和all两者都用作形容词，意为“整个的；全部的”，但在句中的位置不同，whole位于限定词（定冠词、指示代词、物主代词及所有格）之后（限定词+whole+名词）。all位于限定词（定冠词、指示代词、物主代词及所有格）之前（all+限定词+名词）。如：
The whole school/all the school was empty. 整个学校空无一人。
② 修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数时，一般用all。如：
I know all those people. 我认识所有那些人。
Jane has drunk all the milk. 简已经喝了所有的牛奶。
③ 在表示地名的专有名词前用all，不用whole，但可用the whole of，如不能说the whole China，但可说the whole of China，用all时则可表示为all China。如：
Li Ming travelled the whole of China/all China in the past few years.
在过去几年里，李明游览了全中国。
【典例分析】
1．He spent________ writing.
A．the morning all B．the all morning
C．whole the morning D．the whole morning
【点拨】D本题用词语应用法解答。表示“全部的，整个的”时，whole放在冠词之后，all放在冠词之前。故选D。
2. Last Sunday my ________ family went to the beach except my father. He was away on business.
A. healthy B. whole C. strange D. dangerous
【点拨】. B。本题考查形容词辨析。healthy意为“健康的”，whole意为“全部的；整个的”，strange意为“奇怪的”，dangerous意为“危险的”，结合语境可知应选B。
要点20
turn 相关短语
辨析：turn down/turn up/turn on/turn off
turn down 关小；调低；拒绝 The music is too noisy. Please turn it down.音乐太吵了，请把它调低。
turn up 开大；调高 Turn up the TV. I’m going to listen to the weather report.把电视音量调大，我要听天气预报。
turn on 打开（电源、煤气、水等） She turned on all the lights in the house.她打开了屋里所有的灯。
turn off 关闭 Don’t forget to turn off the light when you leave.你离开时不要忘了关灯。
【典例分析】
1. ---- Sara, __________ the TV right now. It’s time to go to bed. ---- Oh, Mum, this is my favourite programme!
A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down
【点拨】B A. turn on打开（电器等） B. turn off 关上 C. turn up将（声音）调大 D. turn down将（声音）调小。句意：在关掉电视。该睡觉了。----哦，妈妈，这是我最喜欢的节目！故答案选B。
2. How noisy it is! Could you please ____ the CD player a little
A. turn off B. turn down C. turn on D. turn up
【点拨】根据句意选B。turn down(把……调低)。
3. 别担心! 我已经关灯了.
Don't worry! I have _______ _______ the lights.
【点拨】turn off
要点21感叹句
本句是由what形成的感叹句，英语中的感叹句分为两种：由what引导的感叹句和由how引导的感叹句。
由 what 引导的感叹句，其句子结构可分为以下三种：
1. “ What + a/an ＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！”，如：
What a nice present it is! 它是一件多么好的礼物啊！
2. “ What ＋形容词＋可数名词复数＋主语＋谓语！”，如：
What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花啊！
3. “ What ＋形容词＋不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！”，如：
What fine weather it is today! 今天天气多好啊！
由 how 引导的感叹句，其句子结构也分为二种：
1. “ How ＋形容词 / 副词＋主语＋谓语！”，如：
How careful she is! 她多么细心啊！
2. “ How ＋形容词＋ a/an ＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！”，如：
How beautiful a girl she is! 她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊！
【典例分析】
1. ________special classes we had! We have learned a lot about paper cutting. （2019，山东青岛卷）
A. What B. What a C. How a D. How
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我们上的课多么不寻常啊！我们学到了很多剪纸的知识。感叹句的基本结构：How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语+其他! What+（a/an）＋(形容词)＋名词＋主语+谓语+其他！题干中的中心词classess是可数名词复数，符合“What＋形容词＋可数名词复数＋（主语+谓语+其他）！”，故答案选A。
注意：判断感叹句是由what还是how引导的方法：首先，断句。从句子后面向前看，找到“主语+谓语+其他”部分，把句子断开；其次，观察。观察句子前面剩余部分为名词（词组），还是形容词或副词；若是名词（词组），那么本句是由what（a/an）引导；若是形容词或副词，那么本句就由how 引导。
2.-___________wonderful the music is! What’s its name -Victory.
A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——多么美妙的音乐啊!它的名字是什么 ——Victory。考查感叹句。how和what都可用于引导感叹句：how修饰形容词或副词，what修饰名词或名词性短语。本句wonderful（美妙的）是形容词，需用how引导。根据句意结构，可知选A。
注意：表达欢喜、悲伤、惊讶等感情的句子称为感叹句。一般以疑问词what或how起始，而以惊叹号终结。感叹句通常有以下形式：一、How+形容词〔或副词〕+S+V…! 二、What a [an] +形容词+名词+S+V…! 若名词为不可数或复数的话，就不能用不定冠词。例如：What bad weather we’re having! 多讨厌的天气!三、How+形容词+ a [an] +名词+S+V…!
一、情态动词should与could的用法
1. should的用法
should为情态动词，表示劝告、建议，意为＂应该＂，它和其他情态动词一样，没有人称和数的变化，后接动词原形，其否定形式为shouldn’t。
Maybe she should say sorry to you. 也许她应该跟你说对不起。
2. could的用法
could既是can的过去式，表示过去的能力，又可以作情态动词表示谨慎、客气的建议，后接动词原形，其否定形式为couldn’t。
You could go out and buy her some medicine. 你可以出去给她买些药。
二、 提建议的表达方式
1. 用Why not... 来提出建议，表示＂何不…… ＂，not后接动词原形。＂Why not... ＂实际上是＂Why don’t we/you... ＂的简略形式。
Why not meet at the school gate at eight 何不8点在校门口见面？
Why don’t we stay here another day 我们为什么不在这儿再待一天呢？
2. 用＂Would/Could you please... ＂来提出建议或请求。此句式中的would/could并非是动词过去式，而是表示说话者的语气较为委婉。
Could you please tell me how to get to the post office 请你告诉我怎么才能到邮局好吗？
Would you please go hiking with me 和我一起去远足好吗？
3. 可以用＂Will you... ＂表示委婉地提建议或请求。
Will you go to Jinan with us 你和我们一起去济南好吗？
4. shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句，表示征求对方意见。
Shall we go swimming this afternoon 今天下午我们去游泳好吗？
Shall I open the window and close the door 我把窗户打开，把门关上好吗？
5. 可以用＂Let’s...＂来提出建议或征求对方意见。
Let’s make it a little earlier, OK 我们把时间定早一点好吗？
6. 用＂What about/How about... ＂来提出建议，about是介词，后面要接名词或动名词。
What about writing back to him about it 要不要就这事给他回一封信？
7. 用＂Would you like... ＂来提出建议，意思是＂你想要……吗 ＂，would you like后可接名词或动词不定式。
Would you like a cup of tea 你想要杯茶吗？
8. 回答建议的表达方式
（1）同意对方的建议时，一般用：
Good idea. / That’s a good idea.
OK. / All right. / Yes, please. / Yes, I’d love to.
No problem. / I agree with you.
Sure. / Of course. / Certainly.
Yes, I think so.
（2）对对方的建议表示拒绝时，一般用：
I don’t think so. / Sorry, I can’t. / Sorry, but...
I’d love / like to, but... / I’m afraid...
三、until，so that，although，when/while的用法
1. until的用法
（1）作介词，表示＂直到……为止＂。
The meeting may last until Friday. 会议可能要延续到星期五。
Mark will be working until 5 o’clock. 马克将一直工作到五点钟。
【注意】由上面两个例句可知：until用于肯定句中表示动作一直持续到until短语所表示的时间为止，即表示动作的终点，意为＂直到……为止＂。在这种用法中，句子的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，如：live，wait，last，love，like，stay，work等。
（2）作连词，表示＂直到……为止；在……以前；不到……（不）＂。
①用于肯定句中
Please wait here until I come. 请在这里等到我来。
②用于否定句中
I won’t stop shouting until you let me go. 你不放开我，我就一直喊叫。
【注意】 until作连词用于否定句中，从句的动作先发生，主句的动作后发生，意为＂直到……才……＂。
2. so that的用法
（1）so that引导目的状语从句，从句谓语动词常用情态动词may/might/can/could等。
We went early so that we could get good seats. 为了占到好座位，我们早早就去了。
（2）so that引导目的状语从句，当主句主语与从句主语一致时，可用＂so as to(in order to)＋动词原形＂转化为简单句。
He got up early so that he could catch the early bus.
=He got up early in order to/so as to catch the early bus.
为了赶早班公交车他起床很早。
（3）so that还可以与in order that互换。
He worked day and night so that/in order that he could succeed. 他夜以继日地工作为的是成功。
【知识拓展】
so...that...表示＂如此……以至于……＂，引导结果状语从句。
The boy is so young that he can’t go to school. 这个男孩太小还不能去上学。
3. although的用法
（1）although较正式，引导的从句放在主句的前后均可。
Henry often helps me with my math although he is quite busy. 尽管亨利很忙，但是他经常帮助我学习数学。
（2）although不能与but连用，但可与yet，still连用。
虽然他老了，但是他工作努力。
Although he was old, but he worked hard.（×）
Although he was old, he worked hard.（√）
Although he was old, yet he worked hard.（√）
4.while 和when
while 连词，意思是“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句。如：
While she was sleeping , someone knocked at the door. 当她睡觉时，有人敲门。
when 和while 都表示“当……的时候”。when 引导的时间状语从句中，谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是终止性动词，表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生或先后发生。
While引导的时间状语从句中，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，常用进行时态，表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生。When后动词一般用过去式，while后动词一般用过去进行时。
【典例分析】
单项选择
1. —What should I buy for my mother’s birthday
—_________________ buy her a new dress？Your mother likes wearing dresses.
A. Why do you B. Why don’t you
C. How about D. Shall I
【答案】B
【解析】此题用正确把握语境法，即通过对语境的分析来确定答案。分析上下文可知这是一个表达建议的语境，常用＂Why don’t you... ＂和＂How about... ＂来表达。根据＂buy＂可知选B项。
2. —Could you please _________________ in the room
—Oh, I’m sorry.
A. not smoking B. not smoke
C. not to smoke D. don’t smoke
【答案】B
【解析】本题中情态动词could后应跟动词原形，否定形式只需在could后加not，或在主要谓语动词前加not，故本题选B。
3. —_________________ you row a boat at the age of 10
—No, but now I _________________.
A. Can；can B. Can；could
C. Could ；can D. Could；could
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——你十岁的时候会划船吗？——不会，但是现在我会。Could用于一般疑问句，表示一种委婉的语气；can用于肯定答语时，表示肯定＂会＂。故选C。
4. Mr Green _________________ go to bed _________________ he finished his work last night.
A. does；until B. don’t；until C. didn’t；until
【答案】C
【解析】句意：昨天晚上格林先生一直到完成他的工作之后才上床睡觉。因为是昨天晚上发生的事情，用过去时态，故选C。
5. We got up early _________________ we could catch the early bus.
A. so that B. that
C. such that D. in order to
【答案】A
【解析】由题干可知句意为：我们早早地起床以便于能赶上早班车。so that 以便于，以至于；so...that...表示＂如此……以至于……＂；such...that... 表示＂如此……以至于……＂；in order to do sth表示＂为了做某事＂。由以上分析可知答案是A。
6. _________________ he is very young, _________________ he can do many things.
A. Although；but B. Although；/
C. /；although D. But；although
【答案】B
【解析】句意：虽然他很小，可他会做许多事情。although的意思是＂尽管，虽然＂，引导的是让步状语从句。but的意思是＂但是＂，构成的是并列句。在一个句子中but和although是不可以连用的，but放在句中，although放在句首。故选B。
7.Julie didn’t leave her office _________________ the police arrived.
A. however B. whenever
C. while D. until
【答案】D
【解析】考查连词的用法。句意：朱莉直到警察来才离开她的办公室。however然而；whenever无论何时；while当……的时候；until直到……时候。这句话中使用的结构是not...until...＂直到……才……＂，故选D。
8.John fell asleep _____ he was listening to the radio.
A. after B. before C. while D. as soon as
【答案】C
【解析】当John听广播的时候，睡着了。 While 当。。。时候。While引导的时间状语从句中，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，常用进行时态。
9. While we _______ the picnic, it _______ to rain.
A. are having; started B. have; is starting
C. were having; started D. were having; was starting
【答案】C
【解析】句意：当我们在野餐时，下雨了。考查时态。过去进行时表示在过去某一个动作发生时，
另一个动作正在发生。故答案选C
10. He ______ in Italy when he _______ the accident.
A. travelled; had B. was travelling; had
C. was travelling; was having D. travelled; was having
【答案】B
【解析】表示过去某个动作正在进行时，另一个动作发生了。此时通常用when连接。
11. Daisy always turns on the TV _____ she comes home.
A. because B. as soon as C. though D. then
【答案】B
【解析】句意：黛西一回家就打开电视。As soon as 一。。。就引导时间状语从句。
过去进行时
1. 过去进行时的构成：
肯定句形式：主语+was/were+动词的现在分词.
否定句形式：主语+was not(wasn’t)/were not(weren’t)+动词的现在分词.
一般疑问句形式：Was/Were+主语+动词的现在分词
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+was/were.
否定回答：No, 主语+was not (wasn’t)/ were not (weren’t).
2. 过去进行时的基本用法：
(1)过去进行时表示过去某一段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作。常用的时间状语有：at that time/ moment, (at)this time yesterday(last night/ Sunday/week …), at+几点钟+yesterday(last night / Sunday …)，when sb. did sth. 等。
(2)when和while表示“当……的时候”时，when后面通常接短暂性动词的一般时态，while后面通常接持续性动词的进行时态。
【典例分析】
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. While we ________________(wait)for the bus, a girl ________ (run)up to us.
【答案】was waiting ran. 当一件事情正在进行时，另一件事情发生了。
2. I ________________(telephone)a friend when Bob____________ (come)in.
【答案】was telephoning came when 后面一般是非延续性动词。
3. Jim ___________(jump)on the bus as it __________ (move)away.
【答案】jumped was moving
4. While mother _______________(put)Cathy to bed, the door bell ___________(ring).
【答案】was putting rang
5. We _______________(test)the new machine when the electricity __________(go)off.
【答案】was testing went
6. While we _____________ (wait) for the bus, an old man fell down.
【答案】were waiting
一、阅读目标
问题与建议，故事的阅读。
①The word “zhiyin”, which means close friends, comes from the story of Yu Boya and Zhong Ziqi in the Warring States Period.
②Boya was good at playing the guqin. One day, he was playing music on his way home on the boat. To Boya’s surprise, Ziqi, a woodcutter who happened to pass by, could understand exactly what he wanted to express through his music. After a long talk, they became good friends. Since Boya had to return to his state, they agreed to meet again in the following year.
③Unfortunately, when getting back to visit Ziqi, Boya heard that his friend had died from a disease（疾病）. Boya was so sad and in front of Ziqi’s tomb（墓）, he played again the music he had played when they first met. The feeling of the music was so strong that it was as if the rivers and the mountains were crying. When finishing playing, Boya broke his guqin into pieces. From then on, Boya never played again.
④People in the Song Dynasty built the Guqin Tai in Hanyang to the memory of the deep friendship between Boya and Ziqi. It became an important part of the local culture.
⑤Zhiyin culture has new development in the new period. The famous ancient Chinese classical（古典的）music piece Gaoshan Liushui was performed during the G20 Summit in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province in 2016. The musical performance not only showed the beauty of traditional Chinese culture, but also expressed China’s willingness to develop its friendship with people from around the world.
1. Why did Boya and Ziqi become good friends
A. They often went out on boat. B. They often cut wood together.
C. Ziqi could understand Boya’s music. D. They often played music together.
2. From paragraphs ②-③, we can know that _______.
A. Boya actually only met Ziqi once B. Boya broke his date with Ziqi at last
C. Boya often played the guqin in memory of Ziqi D. Boya and Ziqi were both good at playing music
3. Paragraph ⑤ is mainly about _______.
A. the new role of zhiyin culture B. the importance of classical music
C. the tradition of Gaoshan Liushui D. the friendship with foreign countries
4. Which of the following can best show the main idea of the story
A. Both together do best of all. B. A true friend is hard to find.
C. Old friends and old wine are best. D. A friend to everybody is a friend to nobody.
5. Which of the following best shows the structure（结构）of the passage
A. B. C. D.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. A 4. B 5. B
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是战国时期的俞伯牙和钟子期知音难求的感人故事，如今，知音文化也在新时期的发展中有了新的作用。
1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To Boya’s surprise, Ziqi, a woodcutter who happened to pass by, could understand exactly what he wanted to express through his music.”可知当俞伯牙在弹琴的时候，身为樵夫的钟子期刚好路过听到，竟能准确地理解俞伯牙想通过音乐传达的东西，说明钟子期能听懂俞伯牙的音乐。故选C。
2. 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Unfortunately, when getting back to visit Ziqi, Boya heard that his friend had died from a disease（疾病）.”可知，当俞伯牙要再次拜访钟子期的时候，听闻他已经患病而亡，说明俞伯牙和钟子期事实上只有一面之缘。故选A。
3. 主旨大意题。根据第五段第一句可知“Zhiyin culture has new development in the new period.”知音文化在新时期已经有了新发展，说明第五段主要说明了知音文化在新时期起到新的作用。故选A。
4. 主旨大意题。纵观全文可知文章讲述的是俞伯牙痛失知音钟子期的感人故事，由此可悟出“知音难求”的道理。故本文的标题应是“知音难求”。故选B。
5. 篇章结构题。文章第一段由“知音”一词引出了俞伯牙和钟子期“知音难求”的典故，这一典故在第二段和第三段做了详细的叙述，第四段叙述了唐朝时期人们修建知音台来纪念这一故事，并使它成为当地的文化。第五段则说明了这一知音文化在新时代的新意义。因此选项B的篇章结构图符合题意。故选B。
二、写作目标
问题与建议
【实战演练】
假如你是张阳，彼得是你的朋友，他现在是一名九年级学生。为了迎接中考，他整天忙于学 习，最近他感到压力很大，寝食不安，情绪低落，学习效率低下。请你写一封信给他提一些有益的建议，帮助他调整心态，提高学习效率，轻松应考。
要点如下
1.学会放松（每天适当锻炼、听音乐……）：
2.健康饮食；
3.保持充足睡眠;
4.多与他人沟通。
词数：80词左右，信件的开头和结用已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Peter,
Don't worry about your study too much. First, you should __________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours.
Zhang Yang
Dear Peter,
Don’t worry about your study too much. First, you should learn to relax. I think doing some sports is good for you. Listening to music is also a good way to relax. And I think it’s necessary to have a healthy eating habit. Remember to have breakfast every morning. It can provide you with enough energy to learn for the whole morning. What’s more, you’d better not stay up too late so as to have enough sleep. It will help you remain active during the day. Finally, you can talk with your friends, parents or teachers often. Tell them about your thoughts. Try to get help from them.
I hope you will be full of energy and learn better.
Yours,
Zhang Yang
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