九年级上册 Unit 3-4（讲练学案）-2023年中考英语第一轮复习讲练测（沪教牛津版）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2023年中考英语一轮复习讲练测
九上Unit 3-4
一、重点短语
Unit 3
1. 出差 2. 要么……要么……
3. 对……没有兴趣 4. 过时的
5. 帮着做 6. 洗碗
7. 有道理；有意义 8. 不同意(某事)
9. 对某人有耐心 10. 照顾
1.(be) on business 2.either ... or ... 3. have no interest in 4.out of date 5.help with
6.wash the dishes 7.make sense 8.disagree about 9.be patient with sb. 10. look after
Unit 4
1. 寻求建议/帮助 2. 节食
3. 嘲笑；讥笑 4. 与某人分享某物
5. 让某人受不了 6. 有……的习惯
7. 朝某人叫嚷 8. 与某人无关
9. 收到某人的信件 10. 下定决心
1.ask for advice/help 2.(be) on a diet 3.laugh at 4.share sth. with sb. 5.drive sb. mad
6.have a habit of 7.shout at sb. 8.none of one’s business 9.hear from 10.make up one’s mind
二、精讲精练
要点 1 expect
expect的用法
作为动词，意为“期盼；等待”。常用于以下表达中：
(1) expect to do sth.意为“期望做某事”
You can’t expect to learn English in a few months. 你不要指望几个月的时间能够把英语学好。
(2)expect sb. to do sth. 意为“希望某人做某事”
I expect my mother to buy me a bike. 我希望我妈妈给我买一辆自行车。
（3）expect + that 从句， 意为“预料……”
I don’t expect that Tom has done such a thing. 我预料汤姆不会做出这种事来的。
【典例分析】
1.不要指望在几个月内就能学会一门外语。
You can't_______________ a foreign language in a few months.
【答案】expect to learn
2. 他期望她同他一起去。
He___________________ with him.
【答案】 expected her to go
3. 我预计星期日回来。
I__________ that I will be back on Sunday.
【答案】expected
要点 2 mess
mess的用法 作为名词，意为“脏乱；凌乱”。
常用于以下表达中;
（1）make a mess,意为“搞得一塌糊涂”。
The kids made a mess in the classroom. 孩子们把教室搞得一塌糊涂。
（2）in a mess,意为“杂乱不堪”。
Tom, your bedroom is in a mess.汤姆，你的卧室一片凌乱。
【典例分析】
1. —What a________! You must tidy up your room at once.
—Sorry, Mum. I will do it now.
A. pity B. mess C. lie D. day
【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。pity意为“遗憾”; mess意为“凌乱”; lie作名词时, 意为“谎言”; day意为“(一)天”。根据“你必须马上整理你的房间”可知, 答案为mess, 故选B。
要点 3
win为动词，意为“赢、获胜”，
例：We are sure to win the game.我们确信能赢得比赛。
【考点】辨析win和beat
① win指在游戏、比赛、竞赛、选举中获胜，后常跟game， race， prize等表示“物”的词。
例：Tom won first prize in the writing competition.汤姆在写作竞赛中赢得了一等奖
② beat指在运动、比赛等中获胜，打败了其他人或其他队，后常跟somebody， class等表示“人”的词。
例：They beat us in the basketball match last Monday. 上周一他们在篮球比赛中打败我们。
【典例分析】
1.在最后，我们获得了比赛胜利！
At last，we ________ the game！
【点拨】won win意为“获胜；赢得”，表取得游戏、比赛
2.他竭尽全力击败他的朋友并获得了比赛的胜利
He tried his best to_________ his friend and __________ the game！
【点拨】beat won beat意为“打败”，打败某人或者某个集体.后面接“个体”“团队”。
3.Xu Haifeng ________ the first gold ________ in Olympic Games for China.
要点 4
business n. 商务，公事
on business 出差
Is the trip to Rome business or pleasure 这次去罗马是出差还是游玩？
He is always on business. 他经常出差。
【一词多义】
business 还有以下含义
(1) 商业；买卖；生意
It’s been a pleasure to do business with you.
(2) 商业机构；企业；公司
She works in the family business.
(3) 归（某人或某机构）管的事；职责
My choice is none of your business.
【典例分析】
1 . 10月份我们老师不得不去北京出差。
In October our teacher has to go to Beijing____________ ____________.
2. Most ____________（busy）letters are written in English.
解析：第一题 on business 在出差。 第二题： busy 形容词。business 名词商务，生意。
要点5 lonely
lonely表示“寂寞的，孤寂的”，带有较强感彩，可用作表语或定语；表示“荒凉的，偏僻的”，用来说明地方，多用作定语。例如：
When his wife died, he was very lonely.
太太死后他非常孤独。
【拓展】lonely与alone的辨析：
lonely作形容词，意为“（人）孤单的，寂寞的”，它更强调一种主观的感觉；alone作形容词和副词，意为“独自的（地），单独的（地）”，它更强调一种客观情况。alone作形容词，在句中只用作表语。例如：
Don’t leave me alone. I will feel lonely.
别留下我一个人，我会觉得孤单的。
区分 alone 与 lonely
alone 形容词和副词 强调客观上“独自一人”，不带有感彩。作形容词时不可作定语。
lonely 形容词 强调情感上“孤独的；寂寞的”，可作定语和表语。 还可意为“偏僻的”，只作定语。
【典例分析】
1.The old man lives in a ____________place ____________. He feels ___________ because he doesn’t have any sons or daughters.（用alone，lonely填空）
【点拨】第一空lonely “偏僻的”，只作定语。 第二空，alone 强调客观上“独自一人”，第三空，lonely强调情感上“孤独的；寂寞的”
2. His grandparents live ________ in a small house, but they don't feel ________.
A. lonely; alone B. alone; lonely C. lonely; lonely D. alone; alone
【点拨】B句意：他的祖父母独自住在一个小房子里，但他们并不感到孤独。
考查形容词与副词。alone可以作形容词，也可以作副词，意为“单独，独自”；而lonely只可以作形容词，意为"内心孤独的"。根据句中关键词live可知，要用副词alone来修饰；关键词feel是一个感官系动词，后面应跟形容词lonely。故选B。
要点6
hear sb./sth.+动词原形：听见某人/某物（经常/过去）做…….
hear sb./sth.+动词-ing: 听见某人/某物正在做…….
I heard her play the piano in her room last night.
I hear her playing the piano in her room now.
hear sb. doing sth. 听到某人正在做某事
【考点聚焦】
1）注意区别hear sb. do和hear sb. doing:
hear sb. do sth.表示“听到某人做某事的全过程”。
hear sb. doing sth.表示“听到某人正在做某事”。
2)注意掌握hear的其他短语：
hear about听说关于…… hear of听说……
hear that ...听说…… hear from收到……的来信
还有see 和watch 还有类似用法
【典例分析】
1.—Is Tom in the next room
—Well, it's hard to say. But I heard him _____ loudly when I passed by just now.
speak B. to speak C. spoken D. speaking
【答案】D
【解析】由 when I passed by just now 可知，是强调动作正在进行，hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事，现在分词短语作宾语补足语。
要点7
event n.公开活动。为可数名词。
There was a fund-raising event in the main streets in our city yesterday.
昨天在我们城市的主要道路上举行了筹款活动。
event 还有“重大事件”和“体育项目”等含义。
The Olympic Games were the main event of 2008.奥运会是2008年的主要大事。
The 800 meters was the fourth event of the afternoon. 800米赛跑是下午的第四项比赛。
【典例分析】
1． It was quite an _________ when a woman first became prime minister.
A. accident B. event C. affair
【解析】答案选B。当女性第一次成为总理大臣时，这是一件大事。
要点8 suppose
（1）动词suppose意为“猜想、假设”，suppose后接that从句，that可以省略。例如：
I suppose he is not yet twenty. 我猜想他不到二十岁。
（2）be supposed to后面用动词原形，表示“被期望做某事、应该做某事”，相当于情态动词should。例如：
　　You are supposed to say hello to the foreigners. 你应该跟这些外宾打招呼。
【拓展】
（1）当句子的主语是人的时候，be supposed to表示“应该做某事、被期望做某事”，经常用来表示劝告、建议、义务和责任等。这里be supposed to相当于情态动词should。例如：
　 You are supposed to ask our teacher if you want to leave the classroom.
　 如果你要离开教室，应该先问一问我们的老师。
（2）当句子的主语是物的时候，be supposed to表示“本应该”的意思，经常用来表示某事物本应该发生而没有发生。例如：
　 The meeting was supposed to take place on Tuesday, but we have to put it off.
　 这个会议本应该在星期二举行，但我们不得不把他推迟了。
（3）短语be supposed to do sth.的否定形式是be not supposed to do sth，表示“命令和禁止”，意为“不应该做某事”。例如：
You are not supposed to talk loudly in class.
你不应该在课堂上大声交谈。
（4） be supposed to的后面接have+过去分词，表示“本应该做完的事情而没有做完”。例如：
My mother is supposed to have arrived an hour ago.
我的妈妈应该一个小时前就到了。
【典例分析】
1．As a student, you________ do your homework by yourself.
A．suppose that B．are supposed to C．are supposed D．are wanted
【答案】B be supposed to do 应该做某事。
2.我猜想我们下周将去那儿.
I suppose _______ ________ ________ _________next week.
【答案】they will go there
要点9
suggest 意为“建议”，后接that引导的宾语从句，that从句用should+动词原形，should可以省略不写。例如：
She suggested that the class meeting (should) not be held on Saturday。她建议班会不要在星期六举行。
【拓展】 suggest的其他用法：
（1）可接名词做宾语。例如：
We suggested a visit to the museum the next day. 我们建议明天去参观博物馆。
（2）可接动名词做宾语。例如：
I suggested putting off the sports meet. 我建议将运动会延期。
（3）suggest 也表示“提出”的意思。例如：
Xiao Wang suggested a way to solve the problem. 小王提出了一个解决这个问题的办法。
【典例分析】
用动词的适当形式填空
1.We suggested that he ___________(go) and make an apology to his teacher.
2.They suggested___________ (wait)until the proper time.
3.The teacher suggest us _________(keep) English diary every day.
【答案】1.（should）go 2.waiting 3.keeping
要点10
have to意为“不得不，必须”，表示客观情况要求某人必须做某事，有人称和时态的变化，后接动词原形。例如：
Do you have to do everything 什么事都得你做吗？
She doesn’t have to come this afternoon. 今天下午她不必来。
【拓展】
must与have to的辨析：
have to侧重于客观需要，含有“不得不”或“被迫”之意，有多种时态形式；否定式为don’t have to意为“不必”。
must侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务去做某事；只有现在时一种形式（在宾语从句中可以表示过去）；否定式mustn’t 意为“一定不要；不允许”。例如：
It’s raining. I have to stay at home. 正在下雨，我不得不待在家里。
口诀：“主观职责”说“必须”，must赶紧用上去；若是“环境”“不得不”，赶紧换用have to。
【典例分析】
用have to 和must填空
1.She isn’t very well these days and she __________stay at home.
2.You ________ do your homework first.
3.We _________help each other.
4.Mother is out, so I _________ look after the shop.
【答案】1.has to 2.must 3.must 4.have to
要点11 regret
regret动词，意为“懊悔；遗憾” 。
regret (doing) sth.“对某事感到后悔（已经做过的）”
regret to do sth.“为要做的事感到抱歉、遗憾（马上要做）。
I don't regret telling her what I thought.　
I regret causing him so much inconvenience.
我因让他如此不方便而感到后悔。
【典例分析】
1.李先生后悔给妻子买了这么贵的包。
Mr. Li regretted__________ such an expensive bag for his wife.
【点拨】buying regret (doing) sth 后悔做过某事。
2.我遗憾地告诉你，你考试不及格。
I regret ______________you failed in the exam.
【点拨】to tell regret to do sth 为要做的事感到抱歉、遗憾
要点12
drive sb. mad “让人受不了”
You will drive me mad. 你会让我发疯的。
All the noise will drive me mad. 所有这些噪音会让我受不了的。
【拓展】mad adj.“发疯的，神经错乱的，很生气”
be mad at/with sb. “生某人的气”
be mad about/on sth./sb. “特别喜欢某人/某物”
She’s mad at me for being late. 我迟到了，她非常气愤。
要点13 worry
（1）worry可用作不及物动词或及物动词。作及物动词时，意为“使烦恼，使担忧”。作不及物动词时，意为“发愁，担心，烦恼”，常与介词about连用。例如：
What’s worrying you 什么事使你烦恼？
Don’t worry about me. 不要为我担心。
（2）worry也可用作名词。既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词。例如：
Her face showed signs of worry. 她脸上显出担忧的神情。
I have a lot of worries. 我有很多担心。
（3）worry的过去分词worried相当于形容词，意为“担心的，烦恼的”，常与be/look/feel等系动词连用。be worried about意为“为……担心”。例如：
She is worried about her sick mother. 她担心她生病的母亲。
worry about 担心，担忧
be worried about . . . 结构中，意为“担心…”，表示状态，一般不用于祈使句中。
【典例分析】
1.我很担心我弟弟。
I__________ _________ __________ my brother.
I__________ _________ my brother.
【点拨】am worried about worry about
要点14
smell n.气味 v.发出…气味;闻到
典例 Bob and Sally hate the smell of onions.(名词)鲍勃和萨莉讨厌洋葱的气味。
Dinner smells good.(动词)晚饭闻起来很香。
The dog smelt a rabbit.(动词)狗嗅到了兔子的气味
一句辨义 The boy smelt the bottle, and there was a strange smell.
这个男孩闻了闻这个瓶子,有一种奇怪的气味。
注意 smell的过去式为 smelled或 smelt;过去分词为 smelled或 smelt。
拓展：smell作系动词，意为“闻到……的味道， 闻起来”，后接形容词作表语。
类似的还有:
taste 尝起来……
look.....看起来
sound......听起来 + adj
smell.....闻起来
feel.....摸起来,感觉
【典例分析】
1. Let’s keep all the windows open. The _________ in the office is really terrible.
A. style B. shape C. smell D. space
【答案】C
【解析】本小题考查名词词义辨析。style意为“样式”；shape意为“形状”；smell意为“气味”；space意为“空间”。根据“让所有的窗户都开着吧”可知，办公室里的“气味”难闻，故选C。
2.Coffee is ready. How nice it___！
A．smells B．sounds C．feels D. becomes
【答案】A
【解析】
句意：咖啡准备好了，它闻起来多好！A. smells闻起来；B. sounds听起来； C. feels摸起来； D. becomes成为。根据形容词nice，可知动词应该是系动词；根据前面提到的是咖啡，所以应该是闻起来。故选A。
系动词
系动词是用来帮助说明主语的动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后面必须跟表语（通常是形容词或名词）构成系表结构，说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。
A 系动词be
系动词be用来表示主语的状态。如：
I’m a student. 我是个学生。
B 其他系动词
1) 表象系动词：用来表示“看起来……”，主要有appear, look, seem等。如：
He looks tired. 他看起来很累。
She seemed very sad. 她看起来很伤心。
(2) 感官系动词：主要有feel“摸起来……；觉得……”，smell“闻起来……”，sound“听起来……”，taste“吃起来……”等。如：
This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布料手感很软。
3) 变化系动词：表示主语变成什么样，主要有become, get, go, grow, turn等。如：
She became mad after that. 自那以后，她疯了。
(4) 持续系动词：表示主语继续或保持某种状况或态度，主要有keep, remain, stay等。如：
He always kept silent when he was asked about it.
被问及此事时，他总是保持沉默。
五种基本句式
(1) 主语＋不及物动词（S＋V）
如：The girl smiled. 女孩笑了。
S V
(2) 主语＋及物动词＋宾语（S＋V＋O）
如：Tom likes music. 汤姆喜欢音乐。
S V O
(3) 主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语（S＋V＋IO＋DO）
有些动词如give, bring, buy, send等后接间接宾语和直接宾语。
如：Mother bought me a dictionary. 母亲给我买了一本词典。
S V IO DO
(4) 主语＋及物动词＋直接宾语＋间接宾语（S＋V＋DO＋IO）
可以借助for或to，把直接宾语放在间接宾语前面。
如：Mother bought a dictionary for me. 母亲给我买了一本词典。
S V DO IO
(5) 主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋补语（S＋V＋O＋C）
如：We keep the classroom clean. 我们使教室保持清洁。
S V O C
【典例分析】
1．I ________ busy now, but I _______ free next week.
A．am, am B．am, will C．am, will be D．being, will be
【答案】C
【解析】考查系表结构这一语法。形容词前面要用系动词一起构成系表结构。
2. The children all looked _________at the broken model plane and felt quite _________.
A. sad, sad B. sadly, sadly C. sad, sadly D. sadly, sad
【答案】D
【解析】look at 看着某人。在这里是实义动词。用副词修饰。Feel 后面接形容词。故答案选D。
3. This math problem is _________and I can do it _________.
A. easy, easily B. easily, easily C. easy, easy D. easily, easy
【答案】A
【解析】第一空系表结构，用形容词。第二空修饰动词用副词。故答案选A。
一、阅读目标
“想法和观点”阅读表达不同观点的文章，学习如何表达自己的观点和想法。
Anger (愤怒) often makes us uncomfortable. Seeing your child’s anger can be especially uncomfortable. In order to relieve (缓解) this feeling, parents often encourage children to “stop crying” and say things like “It’s nothing to cry about.” It’s moments like those that plant the seeds (种子) of unhealthy anger. The “stop crying” parents are just doing what they were taught by their own parents, who were probably taught that by their parents on and on. However, we should learn how to create healthy anger in our kids.
If a child never sees his or her parents express anger, he or she should never express anger, either. But if parents always express their anger loudly, their child may start to think of anger as something that is always frightening.
The first thing you can do to create healthy anger in your children is to practice creating healthy anger in yourself. Once you’re better at experiencing anger and expressing it in a healthy way, you’ll be able to set a good example for your kids.
Stopping kids from expressing their feelings is wrong. You may feel bad when you believe you are wrong. When children express their feelings and are told that it’s nothing to cry about, they come to know that they themselves are bad.
We need to raise them in an environment where it’s safe to express feelings. Once you feel more comfortable with your own anger, you can teach your children why anger is a helpful feeling. When your kids express anger, help them examine what it is that has made them angry. Why did it make them angry How did it do that Then, you can teach them that those feelings are never wrong and our expressions of feelings are in our control.
Anger is natural and normal, and it can be experienced and expressed in a healthy way.
1. Why do parents tell children not to cry
A. To relieve their anger.
B. To make them uncomfortable.
C．To encourage them to stop crying.
D．To plant the seeds of unhealthy anger.
2．What can we know according to paragraph 2
A．Parents have a great influence on their children.
B．Parents should get angry with their children.
C．Expressing anger loudly is good for children.
D．Children must express their anger like their parents.
3．What should parents do to set a good example for children
A．Stop them from expressing their anger.
B．Raise them in a safe environment.
C．Let them know they are right or wrong.
D．Express their own anger in a healthy way.
4．What does the writer think of anger
A．It’s impossible for us to control it. B．It’s a common feeling.
C．It’s harmful to our health. D．It often makes us embarrassed.
5．What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the text
A．To tell us how to teach kids.
B．To show us how to control anger.
C．To introduce the dangers of anger.
D．To lead parents to create healthy anger in our kids.
【答案】AADBD
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了父母如何让孩子形成“良性愤怒”，想要让孩子形成良性的愤怒情绪，父母自己应该率先实践。
1．细节理解题。根据“In order to relieve (缓解) this feeling, parents often encourage children to “stop crying” and say things like “It’s nothing to cry about.””可知是为了缓解孩子的愤怒，故选A。
2．推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，如果孩子从来没有看到父母表达愤怒，他们也不会表达出愤怒的情绪，但如果父母总是大声地表达他们的愤怒，他们的孩子可能会开始认为愤怒是一种总令人害怕的东西。因此可以推断父母对孩子有很大的影响，故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“Once you’re better at experiencing anger and expressing it in a healthy way, you’ll be able to set a good example for your kids.”可知，父母应该以健康的方式表达自己的愤怒，为孩子树立一个好榜样。故选D。
4．细节理解题。根据“Anger is natural and normal, and it can be experienced and expressed in a healthy way.”可知作者认为愤怒是普遍的。故选B。
5．主旨大意题。根据“However, we should learn how to create healthy anger in our kids.”以及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了父母对孩子的影响很大，因此应该为孩子树立一个良好的榜样，为孩子创造一种健康良性的愤怒。故选D。
二、写作目标
问题和建议
假如你是张阳，彼得是你的朋友，他现在是一名九年级学生。为了迎接中考，他整天忙于学 习，最近他感到压力很大，寝食不安，情绪低落，学习效率低下。请你写一封信给他提一些有益的建议，帮助他调整心态，提高学习效率，轻松应考。
要点如下
1.学会放松（每天适当锻炼、听音乐……）：
2.健康饮食；
3.保持充足睡眠;
4.多与他人沟通。
词数：80词左右，信件的开头和结用已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Peter,
Don't worry about your study too much. First, you should __________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours.
Zhang Yang
Dear Peter,
Don’t worry about your study too much. First, you should learn to relax. I think doing some sports is good for you. Listening to music is also a good way to relax. And I think it’s necessary to have a healthy eating habit. Remember to have breakfast every morning. It can provide you with enough energy to learn for the whole morning. What’s more, you’d better not stay up too late so as to have enough sleep. It will help you remain active during the day. Finally, you can talk with your friends, parents or teachers often. Tell them about your thoughts. Try to get help from them.
I hope you will be full of energy and learn better.
Yours,
Zhang Yang
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