九年级下册 Unit 1-2（讲练学案）-2023年中考英语第一轮复习讲练测（沪教牛津版）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2023年中考英语一轮复习讲练测
九下Unit 1-2
一、重点短语
Unit 1
1. 出发；动身 set off
2. 对……造成影响 have an effect on ...
3. 开辟 open up
4. 去旅行go on a trip
5. 建立；设立 set up
6. 起航 set sail
7. 被称为 (be) known as
8. 也；还 as well as
9. 导致 lead to
10. 把……与……对比 compare ... with ...
Unit 2
1. 爆炸 set off
2. 为了in order to
3. 既不……也不…… neither ... nor ...
4. 或者……或者 either ... or ...
5. 在某人的空闲时间 in one’s spare time
6. 在……岁时at the age of
7. 习惯于；适应 get used to
8. 脱掉（衣帽鞋等）take off
9. 文化冲击 culture shock
10. 私立学校private school
二、精讲精练
要点 1：develop
develop v. 增强，加强，（使）成长，（使）发展
His task was to develop relations and set up trade routes with foreign countries.
他的人物是和外国加强联系并建立贸易路线。
Children develop very rapidly. 儿童成长得很快。
【同根词】 developed adj. 发达的
America is a developed country. 美国是一个发达的国家。
developing adj. 发展中的
China is the biggest developing country. 中国是最大的发展中国家。
development n. 发展，成长
Wars stunted the development of science in the world. 战争使世界的科学发展受到了压制。
【典例分析】
1.The Great Britain is a ______________(develop) country.
2.Education is central to a country's economic ______________ (develop).
【解析】1.developed country 发达国家。developing country 发展中国家。2.develoment 发展。名词。
要点2
set off 动身；出发
set off意为“动身；出发”，相当于set out或start off。
(1)set off还有“使爆炸”的意思
与off搭配的常用短语：
get off 下车 take off 脱下，起飞
run off 跑开 see off 送行
cut off 切开 turn off 关掉
put off 推迟 go off 离开，走掉，走散
keep off 远离，不接近 fall off 掉落
【典例分析】
1. 我们燃放烟花来庆祝新年
We _________ fireworks to celebrate the New Year.
【答案】set off
2.在我们出发之前，有一些建议和规则。
Before we ___________, there are a few suggestions and rules.
【答案】set off
要点3 besides
besides adv.而且
besides作副词，意为“而且”，引出另一种情况，以作补充。可用于句首、句尾，也可用于句中常用逗号隔开。It's too late to go out now. Besides, it's going to rain. 现在出去太晚了。而且要下雨了。
【辨析】except、except for与besides
except：“除…之外”，后面的内容不包括在内
except for：“除…之外”，说明整体基本情况后，对细节加以纠正，表示“美中不足的是…”
besides：“除…之外还有…”，后面的内容包括在内
【典例分析】
1.Jane was quite alone in the world＿＿＿＿an aunt in Brazil.
A. except B. except for C. besides D. instead of
【答案】C
【解析】本句子是考查besides和except的用法，besides表示“包含在内”；except表示“不包含在内”。except for 是指主体的细节除外，和主体不是同类，所以排除。句意：除了在巴西的一位姑妈外，简在这个世界上相当孤独。
2. We go to school every day _____ Saturday and Sunday.
A. beside B. besides C. except D. except for
【答案】C
【解析】句意：除了星期六和星期日，我们每天都上学。本句子是考查besides和except的用法，besides表示“包含在内”；except表示“不包含在内”。except for 是指主体的细节除外，和主体不是同类，所以排除。结合句意可知，这里是不包括星期六和星期天的。故选C。
要点4
explore v. 探险；探测；探索；考察
I just wanted to explore on my own. 我只想独自考察一下。
Many boys dream to explore the universe. 许多男孩子梦想探索宇宙的奥秘。
【同根词】 explorer n. 探险家，探测者， 探测器
Zheng he was a famous Chinese explorer. 郑和是一位著名的中国探险家。
exploration n. 探测，探究
Social development suggests universal exploration. 社会的进步促使人类做出对宇宙空间的探索。
【典例分析】
He was the first European ___________ (explore) to learn from local people.
【解析】explorer探险家。
要点5 manage
(1) 作动词，意为“管理;经营;处理”。例如：
He manages a hotel for his father.
他替他父亲经营一家旅馆。
(2) 作动词，还意为“控制;照管;驾驭”。例如：
She doesn’t know how to manage her naughty children.
她不知道怎样管好自己的顽皮孩子。
(3) 作动词，还指“设法做到”。例如：
How did you manage to get their approval
你怎么得到他们的同意的
【拓展】
辨析manage to do sth.，try to do sth.与try doing sth.的用法：
①manage to do sth.意为“设法做成某事”，强调结果，事情已经成功，相当于succeed in doing sth.。如：
He managed to send the passengers to the airport in time.
他设法把乘客及时送到了机场。
②try to do sth.意为“努力/设法/试图/尽力去做某事”，强调过程，能否成功不确定。如：
We tried to stop him smoking in bed but he would do it.
我们试图阻止他在床上吸烟，但他就是不听。
③try doing sth.意为“试着做某事”，表示抱着试试看的想法去做。如：
Let’s try knocking at the back door. Maybe he is sleeping.
咱们敲敲后门试试。可能他在睡觉。
【典例分析】
1.If you manage __________(exercise)every day, you will be healthy.
【答案】to exercise。manage to do sth.意为“设法做成某事”
2. —I'm tired out. I have stayed up late the whole week.
—You'd better_______ your time better and have things organized.
make B. have C. take D. manage
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意:“我太累了。我整个星期都熬夜了。”“你最好更好地管理你的时间,把事情安排得井井有条。”make意为“使得;制造”;have意为“有”;take意为“拿,取;接受;花费”;manage意为“管理;经营”。根据句意可知要用manage。故选D。
要点6
fail的用法
（1）作为动词，意为“失败；未能及格；未能达到”，既是及物动词，也是不及物动词。
常见用法如下：
①fail（in）sth. “（在某方面）失败”，如fail (in) the exam, “考试不及格”。
②fail to do sth.“没能成功做成某事”
③fail in doing sth.“在做某事方面失败”
（2）其名词为failure,意为“失败”。
【典例分析】
1.___________(fail )is the mother of success.
【答案】failure 名词。
2.The doctor failed ______ ________ （save）the dog.
【答案】to save
3.如果你不努力学习，你将考试不及格。
If you don’t study hard, you will_________ _________ _________ __________.
【答案】fail in the exam
4.他今早没有赶上第一班公交车。
He ________ _______ ________ the first bus this morning.
【答案】failed to catch/failed in catching
要点7
everyday、every day的区别
everyday是形容词, 意思是“每天的；日常的”, 后面必须接被修饰的名词;
every day是副词, 意思是“每天”, 表示动作的时间。放在句首或句末，用来修饰整个句子。
daily & everyday & every day
daily 作为形容词，意为“每天的；天天的”。作为名词，意为“日报”。 The library is open daily. 图书馆每天都开放。 The young man reads China Daily every day. 年青人每天都读<<中国日报>>。
everyday 作为形容词，意为“每天的；日常的”，只能够作定语。 Doing exercise is important in my everyday life. 锻炼在我的日常生活中很重要。
every day 作为副词短语，意为“每天”，在句子作时间状语。 I do some reading every day. 我每天都做阅读。
【典例分析】
1，他每天练习英语日常用语。
He practises _________ English _________.
【答案】daily /everyday every day
2. 每天锻炼在我的日常生活中很重要。
Doing exercise __________is important in my __________ life.
【答案】every day daily
要点8
（1）whatever代词，意为“无论什么，不管什么”，相当于no matter what，引导让步状语从句。
【拓展】类似whoever可以引导让步状语从句的词还有：
however ＝ no matter how 无论怎样
wherever ＝ no matter where 无论何地
whatever ＝ no matter what 无论什么
whenever ＝ no matter when无论谁
whichever ＝ no matter which 无论哪一个
【典例分析】
14.My teacher always offers to help me ____________________(无论我什么时候处于困境)．
【答案】whenever I'm in trouble
2.__________________(无论你做什么)，you must do it well.
【答案】Whatever you do
3.________________________(无论天气怎样冷)，he always goes swimming.
【答案】However cold it is
4.__________________________(无论你借哪本书)，you must return it in a week.
【答案】whichever book you borrow
5.任何参加这个活动的人都有机会获得一个iPhone 12作为礼物。
__________ _________ ________this event will have the opportunity to get an iPhone 12 as a gift.
【答案】Whoever takes part in
要点 9：trade
trade n. 贸易 v. 以物易物，互相交换
China has a long history of trade with the Middle East. 中国与中东有着永久的贸易历史。
They had years of experience of trading with the West. 他们有数年与西方做生意的经验。
【同根词】 trader n. 商人，交易者
This trader persuaded me into buying his goods. 这个商人说服我买了他的货物。
【搭配】 trade with ….和… 做生意，和… 进行交易
British built up her wealth by trading with other countries. 英国通过与其他国家贸易积累本国财富。
trade A for B 用A 交换 B
China traded its tea and silk for the other goods from other countries.
中国用茶叶和丝绸来交换别的国家的其他商品。
【典例分析】
He _________ (trade) his sheep for 20 dollars yesterday.
【解析】traded 交换。
要点 10
admit（常指勉强）承认 admitted- admitted- admitting
I must admit that at first America was a big culture shock for me. 我必须承认，起初美国文化对我来说说是一次大的文化冲击。
You have to admit that Sheila has a good point. 你不得不承认希拉有一个优点。
He will never admit to me that he is lazy. 他不会向我承认他懒惰。
【搭配】：admit doing sth. 承认做了某事
He admitted having stolen the car. 他承认偷了那辆车。
The man admitted hiding in the box before the plane left London. 那个人承认在飞机离开伦敦以前他就藏在箱子里。
要点11 spare
（1）spare adj. 空闲的；不用的
常用短语：in one’s spare time = in one’s free time 在某人的空闲时间
spare v. 抽出；留出 多指抽出时间、空间等
spare sth for sb = spare sb sth 为某人抽出/留出 .....
1.spare sth /sb to do sth或spare sth /sb for sth/sb
意为：抽出，留出（时间等）做某事，留出（时间等）做某事
We can only spare one room for you.
2.spare no effort意为：不遗余力
The government is determined to spare no effort in investigating this case thoroughly.
【典例分析】
1.-Mike, can you ________time to help me solve the math problem - Sure.
A. find B. know C. spare D. see
【答案】C
【解析】 spare v. 抽出；留出 多指抽出时间、空间等
2. -What do you usually do in your ________time
-I often play basketball with my friends.
A. smooth B. spare C. lazy D. busy
【答案】B
【解析】spare adj. 空闲的；不用的。In one’s spare time 在某人的空闲时间内。
要点12 neither ...nor...
neither ...nor... 是固定结构，意为“既不……也不……”，表示两者都否定。例如：
It’s neither cold nor hot. 天气既不冷也不热。
辨析neither...nor...；both…and…；either…or…
这三个词组都可用作连词，但搭配和意义各不相同。总的说来，要注意它们应连接两个平行对等的句子成分(即同为两个主语、谓语、宾语、状语等)。
（1）both…and…表示两者兼有。例如：
She was both tired and hungry. 她又累又饿。
（2）either…or…表示两者或两种可能性中任择其一。例如：
He must be either mad or drunk.他不是疯了就是醉了。
（3）not only…..but also
★not only … but also连接两个分句时，not only可用于句首，第一个从句主谓要倒装。
Not only is he clever, but also he is hard working.
【注意】
以上连词连接主语时，both…and…一般只与复数谓语连用，either…or…和neither…nor…则通常根据就近原则，要求谓语动词与最邻近主语的人称、数保持一致。例如：
Either you or I am wrong. 不是你错就是我错。
Neither he nor she was at home. 他和她都不在家。
Both New York and London have traffic problems. 纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。
【典例分析】
完成句子not only ….. but also neither……nor either…… or both……and
1.在学校老师们不仅给我们传播知识而且还教我们如何做人。
At school teachers teach us ________ _________ knowledge_______ _______ how to be good.
2．他和我还没有看过这部电影。
__________ he ___________ I __________ ____________ the film yet.
3. 只有一张入场券，杰克和你当中只能一个人去看时装展。
There is only one ticket. ________ Jack ________ you will go to the fashion show.
4. 肯特和孩子们都不想去动物园。
_________ Kent _________ the children wanted to go to the zoo.
5,John 和Peter 在电影院看见Jolie 时，都很吃惊
_______ ________ John ______ ________ Peter ________ surprised when they saw Jolie in the cinema.
_______ John ______ Peter ________ surprised when they saw Jolie in the cinema.
6, 只有一个座位，要不你去，要不我去。
There is only one seat, ________ you _______ I can go.
【答案】1.not only but also 2.Neither nor have seen 3.either or 4.Both and 5.Not only but also was
Both and were 6.either or
结果状语从句
A so / such ... that ...
so / such ... that ... 表示“如此……以致……”，引导结果状语从句。
1. so ... that ... 句型：
so+形容词 / 副词+that ...
so+形容词+a / an+单数可数名词+that ...
so+ many (多) / few(少)+复数可数名词+that ...
so+ much(多) / little(少)+不可数名词+that ...
2 such ... that ... 句型：
such+ a / an+形容词+单数可数名词+that ...
such+形容词+复数可数名词+that ...
such+形容词+不可数名词+that ...
注意：“so+形容词+a / an+单数可数名词+that ...”与“such+ a / an+形容词+单数可数名词+that ...”可相互转化。
B. too ... to ...
too ... to ... 表示“太……以至于不能……”，too后面接形容词或副词。当so ... that ... 从句是否定句时，可与too ... to ... 相互转换。
C enough to ...
enough to ... 表示“足够……可以做……”，enough前面是形容词或副词。当so ... that ... 从句是肯定句时，可与enough to ... 相互转换
【典例分析】
一、单项选择。
1. I’ve had _______ many falls that I am black and blue all over.
A. so B. such C. too D. very
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我摔了很多跤，全身青一块紫一块。当名词前有many, little, few, much等表示大小多少的词来修饰时，只能用so, 不能用such
2.The camera is _______ expensive _______ I can’t afford it.
A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to
【答案】A
【解析】句意：这照相机太贵了，我买不起。A. so+adj/adv+that+句子“如此……以至于……”；B. “such a/an+adj+可数名词单数+that+句子”或者“such+adj+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that+句子”“如此……以至于”； C. too adj to do“太……以至于不能……”；D. enough; to 足够。。。以致能
3. It was ______ yesterday that they went out for a picnic.
a such fine day B. such a fine day C. so a fine day D. a so fine day
【答案】B
【解析】句意：昨天天气这么好，他们出去野餐了。主语+谓语+so+adj+a/an+单数名词+that 从句。本句亦可以表达成：so fine a day. 答案也正确。
状语从句
类别 连接词 例句
时间状语从句 when, while, as, as soon as, until, since, after, before, whenever When she saw Peter, she was very surprised.
原因状语从句 because, since, as He was angry because I was late.
结果状语从句 so ... that ..., such ... that ... He was so angry that he couldn’t speak.
目的状语从句 so that; in order that Speak clearly so that they may understand you.
条件状语从句 if, unless If I have enough money, I will buy that computer.
让步状语从句 though, although Although he is poor, he is happy.
比较状语从句 as, as ... as, not so ... as, than This book is as good as that one.
【典例分析】
1.Our business won’t improve ____ we offer better service to our customers.
A. because B. unless C. after D. since
【答案】B
【解析】句意：除非我们为顾客提供更好的服务，否则我们的生意就不会好转。because因为，引导原因状语从句；unless除非，引导条件状语从句；after在…之后，引导时间状语从句；since自从，引导时间状语从句。根据主句Our business won’t improve以及从句中offer better service可知，从句中也应表示否定的意思，unless相当于if…not，“如果不”，符合句意，故选B。
2._________ we didn't win the basketball game, we were satisfied with our hard work.
A. If B. Though C. Since D. Because
【答案】B
【解析】句意“尽管我们没有赢得篮球比赛，但是我们对我们勤奋的工作感到很满意”。A.如果（引导条件状语从句）；B.尽管（引导让步状语从句）；C.自从（引导时间状语从句）；D.因为（引导原因状语从句）。根据句意可知，主句和从句之间表示让步，译为“尽管”，故选B。
4.Love your parents __________ they are alive Don't wait until it is too late.
A. while B. though C. because D. unless
【答案】A
【解析】句意：爱你的父母，趁他们还活着。不要等到为时已晚。考查连词辨析。while当……的时候，表时间；though尽管，表让步；because因为，表原因；unless除非，表条件。本句是时间状语从句，根据句意结构，可知选A。
5. In summer milk will quickly go bad ______ it is put into a fridge.
A. though B. unless C. because D. once
【答案】B
【解析】夏天牛奶除非放进冰箱里，否则很快就会变质。 A、 尽管 B.除非 C.因为 D.曾经，一旦。
6. ______ we continue making too much rubbish, the pollution problem will get worse.
A. When B. Whether C. Why D. If
【答案】D
【解析】句意：如果我们继续制造太多的垃圾，污染问题会变得更糟。If表示条件关系。
7. — I can hardly believe my eyes. Is that you, Lucy
— Yes. It has been almost 20 years _____ we were together last time.
A. since B. before C. after D. until
【答案】A
【解析】句意：-我简直不敢相信我的眼睛。是你吗，露西？
-是的。自从我们上次在一起以来，已经快20年了 A. since 自从，常与现在完成时连用 B. before 在以前，引导时间状语从句。 C. after 在以后，引到时间状语从句 D. until 直到
8. Tom will not go to school today ______ he is ill.
A. though B. because C. when D. why
【答案】B
【解析】句意：汤姆今天不去上学，因为他病了。前后句子：因果关系。
9. Don’t get off the bus _______ it has stopped.
A. when B. until C. so D. after
【答案】B
【解析】直到公共汽车停下来才可以下车。 Not …until 直到。。。才。引导时间状语从句。
10. He’s not a perfect child. He sometimes talks back ______ his parents talk with him.
A. if B. before C. when D. until
【答案】C
【解析】他不是一个完美的孩子。他父母和他说话时，他有时会顶嘴。When 当。。。时候。
一、阅读目标
“探究和交流”
Edmund Hillary was one of the greatest explorers and mountain climbers of the 20th century. He was born in Auckland, New Zealand on 20 July, 1919. He spent his childhood in the countryside in Tuakau, where he went to the local primary school. Later he travelled daily to the city for middle school. He discovered his joy in the mountains on a school trip to Mount Ruapehu, and it never left him.
During the 1940s he made many climbs in New Zealand, especially in the Southern Alps. He quickly became well known for his courage and strength(力气). Then he came to climb in Europe which brought the invitation to join Sir John Hunt’s team to Everest(珠穆朗玛峰) in 1951. It was a moment of history that Hillary and his guide Tenzing Norgay from Nepal were the first to climb Everest, reaching the top on 29 May, 1953.
On 4 January, 1958, Hillary successfully led the British exploration team to the Antarctic. During the 1960s he continued to explore the Himalayas. He also led a famous exploration team by ship and on foot to the Ganges(恒河). Like his other adventures it was full of joy because of his great interest and sense of humour. After leading one last exploration team in 1977, he gave up his job and lived on the farm outside Auckland.
Even after stopping working, Hillary remained an important voice in the sport of mountain climbing. He had also kept taking part in activities in the region where he made his famous climb. For the love, respect and care for the Sherpa people, Hillary built hospitals and schools in the mountains of Nepal. He also raised money, bought things and worked on many of the buildings. In a 1995 interview, Hillary said, “I think the most important things I’ve done are not those on the mountains or in the Antarctic, but the projects with my friends, the Sherpa people. The 27 schools we’ve now set up and the hospitals are the things I would like to be remembered for.”
1. Hillary became famous because he was _______ during his climbs in New Zealand.
A. brave B. creative C. humorous D. smart
2 In what order did the following take place
a. Hillary and his guide reached the top of Everest.
b. Hillary led the British exploration team to the Antarctic.
c. Hillary climbed the Southern Alps.
d. Hillary was invited to join Sir John Hunt’s team.
A. d-c-a-b B. c-b-d-a C. c-d-a-b D. c-a-d-b
3.Hillary thought _______ was the most important thing he had done.
A. reaching the top of Everest
B. working in the Sir John Hunt’s team
C. being the leader of the British exploration team
D. building hospitals and schools in Nepal
4 From the last paragraph, we can know Hillary was very ______.
A. healthy B. rich C. lucky D. kind
【答案】ACDD
【解析】本文介绍20世纪伟大的探险家埃德蒙·希拉里的一些事迹。
1.推理题。从He quickly became well known for his courage and strength。可知答案选A
2.C排序题。可以从时间发展线索做出判断。c. Hillary climbed the Southern Alps. （During the 1940s）
d. Hillary was invited to join Sir John Hunt’s team.（in 1951） a. Hillary and his guide reached the top of Everest.（ on 29 May, 1953.）b. Hillary led the British exploration team to the Antarctic. （On 4 January, 1958,）故答案选C
3.细节理解题。从“I think the most important things I’ve done are not those on the mountains or in the Antarctic, but the projects with my friends, the Sherpa people. The 27 schools we’ve now set up and the hospitals are the things I would like to be remembered for.” 我认为我所做的最重要的事情不是在山上或在南极，而是与我的朋友夏尔巴人一起进行的项目。我们现在建立的27所学校和医院是我希望人们记住的事情。”故答案D
4.从文中我们知道埃德蒙·希拉里不仅是一位探险家，更是一位慈善家。（修建医院和学校）故答案选D
二、写作目标
假定你是陈军，你昨天收到了笔友戴维(David)的电子邮件，得知他要作为交流生到广州学习中文，他想了解如何学好中文。 请你给他回复一封邮件，介绍学习中文的体会和方法。要点提示：
1. 汉语非常有用，许多外国朋友都在学习它；
2. 汉语较难，与英语不一样；
3. 必须多记词，读和写也很重要；
4. 可以通过看电视和听广播锻炼听力。
注意：词数80左右。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear David,
I am glad to hear that you'll be an exchange student and come to Guangzhou to learn Chinese.
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If you have any questions please ask me. Ill sure you'll learn Chinese well.
Hope to see you soon in Xi'an.
Yours,
Chen Jun
【答案】Dear David.
I’m glad to hear that you'll be an exchange student and come to Guangzhou to learn Chinese. Chinese is very useful and many foreigners are learning it now. It may difficult for you because it's quite different from English. You have to remember as many Chinese words as possible. It's also important to do some reading and writing. You can watch TV and listen to the radio to practice your listening. Do your best to talk with people in Chinese. You can learn Chinese not only from books but also from people around you. If you have any questions please ask me. I’m sure you'll learn Chinese well.
Hope to see you soon in Xi'an.
Yours, Chen Jun
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