九年级下册 Unit 3-4（讲练学案）-2023年中考英语第一轮复习讲练测（沪教牛津版）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2023年中考英语一轮复习讲练测
九下Unit 3-4
一、重点短语
Unit 3
1. 与……相同 the same as
2. 海平面sea level
3. 在危险中 in danger
4. 允许进入let ... in
5. 由于 as a result of
6. 造成；导致result in
7. 许多；大量 mountains of
8. 采取行动take action
9. 有作用；有影响 make a difference
10. 充当act as
Unit 4
1. 自然灾害 natural disaster
2. 表达情感express feelings
3. 通过；经过 pass by
4. 持续；坚持stick with
5. 不被理睬 fall on deaf ears
6. 闲坐sit around
7. 没有时间做 have no time to do
8. 盯着看stare at
9. 惊讶地 in surprise
10. 暂时for now
二、精讲精练
要点1 result的用法
result 作名词,意为“后果;结果”;作动词,意为“发生;导致”。
常用短语:result from意为“由……造成”,后接原因;
result in意为“导致”,后接结果;
as a result意为“因此;结果是”,后接结果,要用逗号隔开;
as a result of意为“由于……的原因”,后接原因。例如:
The bankrupt of the company resulted from poor management.公司破产是由管理不善造成的。
as a result为习惯短语，意为“因此；结果”，在句中作状语。例如：
He didn’t practice, and as a result ，he lost. 他没有练习，所以输了。【拓展】
as a result of意为“由于……；作为……的结果”。先交代结果，再用as a result of连接原因。例如：
We can’t go out as a result of the heavy rain. 因为下大雨，我们不能出去。
【典例分析】
用result构成的常用短语填空。（不限字数）
1）她因天气寒冷而生病。
She was ill ___________ the cold weather.
【答案】as a result of/because of
2）许多竹林遭到砍伐，其结果是，越来越多的野生大熊猫失去了它们的家园。
Lots of bamboo forests have been cut down. _____________, more and more wild pandas have lost their homes.
【答案】as a result
3）他的成功源于长年的努力工作。
His success___________ years of hard work.
= His success___________ years of hard work.
【答案】resulted from /came from
4）长年的辛勤工作造就了他的成功。
His years of hard work _________ success.
= His years of hard work _________ success.
【答案】resulted in /led to
5） 由于污染，该地区的居民很容易生病。
People in this area get sick easily _________________the pollution.
【答案】as a result of because of
要点2 increase
increase v. & n. 增加；增长
（1）increase by增加了 （2）increase to增加到
常用句型
increase by +倍数或百分数，表示“增加了……倍/百分之……”。
increase to +具体的增长后的数字，表示“增加到……”。
The population of this town has increased by 5 percent. 这个镇的人口增长了5%。
The population of our country has increased to 1.3 billion. 我们国家的人口已增长到了13亿。
【典例分析】
1.The number of the students in our school increased _________ 1000 last term.
A. to B. by C. in D. with
【答案】A
【解析】increase to +具体的增长后的数字，表示“增加到……”。
2.The price is said to have increased ______ 2% during last month.
A. by B. to C. with
【答案】A
【解析】 increase to 增加(或增长、扩大)到。后接增加后的数量。increase by增加(或增长、扩大)了。后接增加的幅度。故选A
要点3 pass的用法
1.pass作动词,意为“及格;通过(考试或检查)”,指在考试或测验中过关。例如:
She was glad to pass the Chinese exam.通过了语文考试,她很高兴。
2.pass作动词,还可意为“传递;经过”。例如:
Pass the book to me, please.请把那本书递给我。
I pass the shop every day.我每天都经过那家商店。
3.pass作名词,意为“及格;入场证;通行证”。例如:
Here is your pass, Mary.玛丽,这是你的入场证。
4.常见pass短语小结:
pass away消失;去世
pass by走过;(时间)逝去
pass on继续下去
pass sth.to sb.=pass sb. sth.把某物递给某人
【典例分析】
完成句子
1.他们穿过了森林。
They _________ __________ the forest.
【点拨】passed through. Pass 通过，常与“by ，through”连用
2.他递给我一支笔。
He passed me a pen. = He passed_______ _______ ________ me.
【点拨】pass 传递。双宾结构。 Pass sb. sth =pass sth. to sb.
3.当他获得这个消息时，他继续传递给别人。
When he got the message, he _________it _______ ________ others.
【点拨】passed on to 传递。
要点4 stick
（1）stick作名词，意为“棍，棒，拐杖等”。例如：
The old man has to walk with a walking stick. 那个老人得靠拐杖走路。
（2）stick 作动词，意为“刺；粘贴；卡住”。例如：
The needle stuck her in the hand. 针扎了她的手。
Remember to stick a stamp on envelope. 记住在信封上贴张邮票。
The car was stuck in the mud. 那辆车陷在泥里了。
【拓展】
（1）stick to 意为“坚持，信守”。表示原则、计划、意见、诺言等名词
1.坚持你的梦想：stick to your dream
2.坚持做某事: stick to doing sth
Young people should not stick to old ideas and must have the courage to innovate.
年轻人不应该拘泥于旧说, 要勇于创新。
（2）stick out意为“伸出，突出”。例如：
She stuck out her foot and tripped him over.
她伸出脚把他绊倒。
【典例分析】
1.----Don’t lose heart, ______ and never give up. I’m sure you will succeed one day.
---- Thanks. I will try my best.
A．stick learning B．go on to learn C．stick to learn D．stick to learning
【答案】D
【解析】句意：----不要灰心，坚持学习，永不放弃。我相信总有一天你会成功的。
----谢谢。我会尽力的。考查stick to doing sth：坚持做某事，to是介词，后接动名词，所以答案是D，A缺少to，B中的go on后接动名词，所以是go on learning. 因此D正确。
2. You shouldn't_____ only one way. You may try another way to think about the problem.
A. stick on B. stick to C. copy on D. copy to
【答案】B
【解析】句意：你不应该只坚持一条路。你可以试着用另一种方式来思考这个问题。Stick to坚持。
要点5
purpose作名词，意为“目的；意图”，后可接介词in，也可跟介词of。当purpose前是物主代词时，后用介词in；当purpose前是定冠词the时，后面用介词of。purpose后不跟介词for。例如：
What was the purpose of his visit
他来访的目的是什么？
He came here with/for the purpose of seeing his family.
他来这里的目的是看望家人。
She did it on purpose , of course.
她当然是故意那样做的。
What’s the purpose of our being alive
我们活着是为了什么
【拓展】
purpose 搭配with the purpose of 目的是；为了 on purpose 故意地
【典例分析】
1.这项活动的目的是筹款。
________ ________ ________ this activity is to raise money.
【答案】The purpose of
2.我认为她是故意那么做的。
I think she did it ________ ________．
【答案】on purpose
要点 6：destroy
destroy v.摧毁，毁灭。
destruction n. 毁坏，毁灭。
Destroy 强调具有摧毁或杀伤性的力量把某物彻底毁掉。
Damage 破坏，常指局部的，或可以修好的。
【典例分析】
1.森林是被那场大火毁掉的。（完成句子）
The forest __________ _________ _________ the fire.
【答案】was destroyed by
2.The earthquake ______ almost the whole town.
A. hurt B. damaged C. destroyed
【答案】C
【解析】A. hurt 使。。。受伤 B. damaged 损坏，破坏 C. destroyed摧毁
3.The flood caused serious ______________ (destroy) to the railway. (根据要求完成句子)
【解析】destruction
【解析】destruction是destroy的名词。
4.You’ll d___________ your future if you break the law. (根据首字母完成句子)
【解析】destroy
【解析】如果你触犯了法律，你会毁了你的未来。
要点 7：solution
solution 解决办法，处理手段。
Solve 动词。解决，处理。
【典例分析】
1.The __________ (solve) to this problem is acceptable.
【答案】solution
2. 也许要花很长时间才能找到解决这个问题的办法。（完成句子）
It may take a long time to find ________ ________ __________ the problem.
【答案】a solution to
要点8 missing
missing 作形容词，意为“丢失的，不见的”。 例如：
It was only an hour or so later that I discovered that my gun was missing.
仅仅约一个小时之后，我发现我的枪不见了。
(2) be missing= be gone\lost 意为“丢失，不见了”。
My wallet is missing\gone\lost. 我的钱包不见了，丢了。
【拓展】
miss是及物动词，意为“未出席; 未出现”
miss用作及物动词, 还有“想念; 怀念”之意。
错过; 漏掉 miss doing sth. 意为“错过做某事”。
miss作名词意为“女士;小姐”, 此时m必须大写, 常用于姓名或姓之前, 尤指未婚女子。
如: Miss Brown。布朗小姐
⑤missing作形容词, 意为“丢失的; 失踪的”。
辨析 missing ; lost ; gone
missing 意为“失踪了，不见了”，强调某人或物不在原处，暂时找不着了(含最终可能找到之意)，可作定语、表语或宾补。
lost 意为“丢失”，含有“难以找回”的意思，可作定语、表语或宾语补足语。
gone 意为“(东西)没了；(时间)过去了；(人)死了”，而且语气肯定，作表语或宾语补足语，不可以作定语。
【典例分析】
1、用missing lost和gone填空。
1）I can't find my mobile phone. It's ________！
【答案】missing/lost
2）Look! She is looking for her __________ key.
【答案】lost /missing
3）___________time will never be found again.
【答案】Lost
4）They set out to look for the _____________ girl at once.
【答案】Missing/lost
要点9
dead形容词，意为“死的，失去生命的”，“不运转的”“不运行的：在句中可作定语或表语。
He was watching his dead cat when I came in. 当我进来时，他正在注视着他的死去的猫。
The line is dead. 电话线路坏了。
die(v) 死亡 death(n) 死亡
die为不及物动词，意为“死”，其过去式为died，现在分词为dying。
More than three hundred people died in the air crash. 在这次飞机失事中有300多人死亡。
She is ill and I’m afraid she’s dying. 她病了，恐怕快要死了。
译：他的母亲去世5年了。
误：His mother died for five years.
正：His mother has been dead for five years.
拓展：
die of意为“因……而死”，一般指由于疾病、情感等内因引起的死亡。
Her grandfather died of cancer in 1992. 她的祖父于1992年死于癌症。
die from意为“因……而死”，一般指由于外伤、事故等外因引起的死亡。
The old man died from a car accident last year. 那位老人去年死于一场车祸。
【典例分析】
1. —Do you know that Mr. Zhang passed by last week
—Yes. He died ________ illness.
A. of B. from C. with D. as
【答案】A
【解析】die of意为“因……而死”，一般指由于疾病、情感等内因引起的死亡。
2. The lamb ________ for quite some time.
A. has died B. die C. has dead D. has been dead
【答案】D
【解析】die 是非延续性动词。不能与一段时间连用。故要用表示状态的词。答案选D
3. —When did the old man ________？
—In 2006. He ________ for nearly ten years.
A. die; died B. die; has been dead C. dead; has died D. dead; died
【答案】B 应用现在完成时且动词用延续性动词
Ⅱ.根据句意及汉语或首字母提示填写单词。
5. Li Hua's grandfather has been d________ for 20 years.
6 About 50 passengers were burned to ________(死亡)on BRT Xiamen on June 7th , 2013
【答案】5.dead 6. death
要点10 notice
Notice n.注意；布告 v．注意
【重点】notice的用法
notice sb./sth. 注意到某人/某物 eg：I noticed a big hole on the floor. 我发现地板上有个大洞。
notice＋that从句 注意……　 eg：I notice that you like reading. 我注意到你喜欢读书。
notice sb. do sth. 注意到某人做了某事　 I noticed him enter the teacher's office.
notice sb. doing sth. 注意到某人正在做某事 I noticed that boy copying others' homework.
【拓展】notice作名词时，意为“布告，通告”。
例：There is a notice about our school in front of the classroom building.
在教学楼前有一则关于我们学校的通知。
【典例分析】
1.—Did you notice someone ________ the meeting room just now
—Sorry, I was making a phone call.
A．to leave B．leaves C．left D．leave
【答案】D
【解析】句意：-你注意到刚才有人离开会议室了吗？-对不起，我在打电话。
to leave离开，动词不定式；leaves第三人称单数形式；left离开，是leave的过去式；leave动词原形。句中谓语动词为notice，意为“注意到”，常用于句型notice sb. do sth.注意某人做某事。故应选D。
2.—Last night at 7 the little boy noticed a thief ________ in the supermarket.
A．steal B．to steal C．steal D．stealing
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——昨晚7点，小男孩注意到一个小偷正在超市偷窃。notice sb do 注意某人做过某事。
notice sb doing sth 注意某人在做某事。故答案选D。
语法
A. the same和different
the same相同的，同样的。different不同的，不一样的。
B. like, the same as和different from
1 like除了可以作动词，表示“喜欢；喜爱”, 还可以作介词，表示“像；跟……一样”。be like像……一样。look like 看起来像……。
C. the same ... as
the same+名词+as 和……相同的……。
【典例分析】
1.All the three people received the ________ text, but only Jackie’s reply satisfied the company.
A. same B. other C. second D. whole
【答案】A
【解析】句意：三个人都收到了同样的短信，但只有杰基的回复使公司满意。
2.Life _______ a box of chocolates because you never know what you are going to get.
A. like B. likes C. is liked D. is like
【答案】D
【解析】like作介词，表示“像；跟……一样”。be like像……一样。
3. The Earth is __________ the Sun in size.
A. like B. the same as C. different from D. look like
【答案】C
【解析】be different from意为“与…不同”，地球和太阳大小不用。故选C。
It常见的用法
用法 例句
1 用作人称代词代替前面提到过的事物 The book is not mine. It’s Mary’s.
2 用来代替指示代词 — What’s this — It’s a dictionary.
3 指时间、季节、天气、气候 It’s spring now. It’s warm.
4 指距离 It is a long way to the hospital.
5 作形式主语 It is difficult to finish the work in two days.
6 作形式宾语 I found it interesting to study English.
It常见句型
用法 例句
1 用作人称代词代替前面提到过的事物 The book is not mine. It’s Mary’s.
2 用来代替指示代词 — What’s this — It’s a dictionary.
3 指时间、季节、天气、气候 It’s spring now. It’s warm.
4 指距离 It is a long way to the hospital.
5 作形式主语 It is difficult to finish the work in two days.
6 作形式宾语 I found it interesting to study English.
【典例分析】
一、单项选择。
1. —What is the time now？
—_______ is two o'clock.
A. This B. That C. It D. He
【答案】C
【解析】it指时间、季节、天气、距离等.这里it指“时间。”
2. —What is the weather like？
—_______ is windy.
A. That B. This C. It D. He
【答案】C
【解析】it指时间、季节、天气、距离等.这里it指“天气。”
3. I can’t find my ticket. I think I must have lost ______.
A. it B. one C. this D. them
【答案】A
【解析】it用作代词，指代物，指前面提到过的同一事物。
4. It takes me half an hour ________ the piano every day.
A. play B. playing C. to play D. played
【答案】C
【解析】不定式作主语，it作形式主语。
一、阅读目标
环境保护。能阅读有关环境保护的文章。
When your pen is broken, the battery(电池)in your toy runs out, or you have some leftover(吃剩的)food， what do you do with these things You will probably throw them all into one bin. But actually, all kinds of rubbish need to be sorted(分类) separately.
Rubbish sorting is a big issue (议题)worldwide. In recent years, some Chinese cities have been working hand on it, Shanghai has worked with Alipay to create a “green account(账户)” service for its residents(居民). Account holders get points by sorting their rubbish correctly. Through the Alipay app, they ran exchange the points for milk, phone cards and other products . The city is asking all of its residents to sort their rubbish into four groups: wet, recyclable, harmful and dry. Wet waste is also known as household waste. Paper, metal and glass are recyclable waste. Medicine and batteries are harmful waste. Finally, any waste that's not wet, recyclable or harmful will go in the "dry waste" bin. Many other Chinese cities are also doing this. Shenzhen has been sorting its rubbish into the same four groups since 2012. Students there must study waste-sorting guidebooks.
If you don’t sort your rubbish， it will go to a landfill(垃圾填埋场) and be buried together. These landfills can take up large areas of ground. Some rubbish can pollute the soil and groundwater and it can also do harm to the environment around us. China is improving its waste-sorting efforts. There is still a long way to go.
1.How should we deal with all kinds of rubbish
A．We can throw them all into one bin
B．We can sort them separately.
C．We can throw them away freely.
D．We can reuse them all
2.How is Shanghai encouraging people to sort their rubbish
A．By creating a "green account" service with the help of Alipay.
B．By paying people to sort their rubbish correctly.
C．By allowing people to exchange rubbish with each other.
D．By providing its residents with guidebooks to help them
3.Which of the following things belong to harmful waste
A．Leftover food and batteries.
B．Metal and medicine.
C. Batteries and medicine
D. Paper and glass.
4.What is the main idea of the last paragraph
A．Where we can bury our waste.
B．Why we should sort our rubbish properly.
C．What kinds of waste can pollute the environment
D．How some kinds of waste can be reused and recycled.
5. What do we know about rubbish sorting in China
A．Shenzhen has been sorting its rubbish for 10 years.
B．All the students have to take waste-sorting classes at school
C．As for rubbish sorting, we Chinese still have much work to do.
D．Burying is the only way of dealing with rubbish
【答案】BACBC
【解析】这篇短文主语讲述了垃圾分类是一个世界性的大问题.如果你不分类你的垃圾,它会被送到垃圾填埋场一起掩埋,这样会对我 们周围的环境造成危害。
1.细节理解。根据文中But actually, all kinds of rubbish need to be sorted（分类）separately.可知，我们可以分开分类。故选B
2.细节理解. 根据文中Shanghai has worked with Alipay to create a "green account" service for its residents. Account holders get points by sorting their rubbish correctly. Through the Alipay app, they ran exchange the points for milk, phone cards and other products可知,在支付宝的帮助下创建"绿色账户"服务。故选A。
3. 细节理解.根据文中Medicine and batteries are harmful waste.可知,电池和药品是有害的废物.故选C。
4段落大意题.通读整个最后一段可知,主要讲述了为什么我们要把垃圾分类.故选B.
5.细节理解。根据文中China is improving its waste-sorting efforts. There is still a long way to go.可知,至于垃圾分类，我们中国人还有很多工作要做。故选C。
二、写作目标
环境保护
近年来，环境污染越来越严重，因此环境保护越来越受到政府和人们的重视，你校准备举行“保护环境，从我做起”的英语征文比赛，你打算投稿，请根据以下内容写一篇英语短文。
造成污染的主要原因：1.工厂增加，随意倾倒污水，
2.汽车增多，排放大量二氧化碳，人们乱扔垃圾。
3.保护环境的必要性：没有好的环境，人们身体就受到威胁。
4. 自己建议：2-3条
Act now to protect the environment
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Act now to protect the environment
【参考范文】
Pollution is more and more serious. There are many reasons for it. For one reason, more and more factories are built and some of them put dirty water into the rivers without cleaning it. And most people are richer than before. So more and more people have cars. They send out harmful gases, some people throw rubbish everywhere.
To protect our environment. We have to take action now. first, factories must make the water clean before they put it into the rivers. Second, we had better take buses more often instead of cars. Last but not least, we should put rubbish into dustbins.
Let’s try our best to protect our environment.
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