中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2022-2023八年级英语下册单元复习学案
Unit5（强化训练学案）
1．暴风雨 ___________ 2．闹钟 ___________
3. （闹钟）发出响声 ___________ 4. 开始 ___________
5. 在很大程度上；大量的 ___________ 6. 突然；忽然 ___________
7. 接电话 ___________ 8. 奇特的；奇怪的 ___________
9. 暴风雨 ___________ 10. 风 ___________
11. 光；光线；光亮 ___________ 12. 报道；公布 ___________
13. 地域；地区 ___________ 14. 木；木头 ___________
15. 窗；窗户 ___________ 16. 手电筒；火炬 ___________
17. 火柴 ___________ 18. 敲打；打败___________
19. 倚；碰；撞 ___________ 20. 睡着 ___________
21. 进入梦乡；睡着 ___________ 22. 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失 ___________
23. 升起；增加；提高 ___________ 24. 倒下的；落下的 ___________
25. 分离；分开 ___________ 26. 看一看 ___________
27. 覆盖着冰的；冰冷的 ___________ 28. 开玩笑；欺骗 ___________
29. 理解；领会；认识到 ___________ 30. 前往；费力的前进___________
31. 章节；段落 ___________ 32. 学生___________
33. 彻底地；完全地___________ 34. 惊愕的；受震惊的___________
35. 沉默；缄默；无声 ___________ 36. 沉默；无声 ___________
37. 不久前；最近 ___________ 38. 拆除；往下拽；记录 ___________
39. 恐怖主义者；恐怖分子 ___________ 40. 日期；日子___________
答案：
1．rainstorm 2．alarm 3. go off 4. begin 5. heavily 6. suddenly
7. pick up 8. strange 9. storm 10.wind 11. light 12. report
13. area 14. wood 15. window 16. flashlight 17. match 18. beat
19. against 20. asleep 21. fall asleep 22. fall asleep 23. rise
24. fallen 25. apart 26. have a look 27. icy 28. kid
29. realize 30. make one’s way 31. passage 32. pupil pletely
34. shocked 35. silence 36. in silence 37. recently 38. take down
39. terrorist 40. date
过去进行时
一、定义及结构
1. 定义
过去进行时，是表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作。
2. 结构：be (过去式）+ 动词-ing
二、用法
1. 过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事情发生的背景；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。常用的时间状语when，while。
My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle. 我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔了下来。
It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。
They left the station while it was raining. 天正在下雨的时候他们离开了车站。
When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 当我到达山顶的时候，阳光灿烂。
【易混辨析】
when和while的区别（1）when意为＂在……时；当……的时候＂，常指在某个时间点，可表示时间点或时间段，由when引导的时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去时。从句中的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬间动词。 I was just reading a book when she came into my room. 她走进我房间时，我正在看书。（2）while意为＂当……的时候＂，只表示时间段，常指某个时间段，由while引导的时间状语从句，主句用一般过去时，从句用过去进行时。从句谓语动词必须用延续性动词，且多用于进行时态。强调主句与从句的动作同时发生或主句的动作发生在从句的动作过程中。 While Jim was mending his bike, Lin Tao came to see him. 吉姆正在修他的自行车时，林涛来看他了。
2. 过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。常用的时间状语：this morning，the whole morning，all day yesterday，from nine to ten last evening。
What was she doing at nine o’clock yesterday 昨天晚上九点她在做什么？（介词短语表示时间点）
When I saw him he was decorating his room. 当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。（when从句表示时间点）
We were watching TV from seven to nine last night. 昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。
What was he researching all day last Sunday 上周日他一整天都在研究什么？
3. 在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。
While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper. 他边等车边看报纸。（两个动作都是延续性的）
He was cleaning his car while I was cooking. 他擦车时我在做饭。（两个动作同时进行）
4. 通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有：agree，be，believe，belong，care，forget，hate，have(拥有)，hear，know，like，love，mean，mind，notice，own，remember，seem，suppose，understand，want，wish等。
误：I was knowing the answer.
正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。
误：I wasn’t understanding him.
正：I didn’t understand him. 我不明白他的意思。
三、与一般过去时的区别
1. 一般过去时叙述旧事，过去进行时描述背景。
A. 一般过去时
（1）叙述过去状态、动作或事件
He went to Beijing the other day.（带具体时间）
（2）表示过去的习惯
①would，used to与过去时
would 表间断性不规则的习惯，常带频率时间；used to 表一贯性有规律的习惯。
They used to meet and would sometimes exchange one or two words.
He smoked a lot two years ago. （过去行为）
② would不可用于句首，只表示过去的习惯。used to表示今昔对比的含义，叙述习惯动作时可与would 换用。
When he was a boy, he would often go there. （叙述过去）
She isn’t what she used to be. （今昔对比）
③表示状态时一般只用used to
Tom used to be fat /There used to stand a tree there. （状态）
④was (were) used to +v-ing表示＂合适于，适应于……＂
He used to work at night. （＂习惯＂，表经常）
He was used to working at night. （＂习惯＂，表适应）
（3）表示过去的经历，平行动作，依次事件用一般过去时。
He sat there and listened to the radio. （依次发生）
（4）表示客气委婉的语气，用于情态动词，助动词和want，wonder，hope等
How did you like the film
Could you help me
B. 过去进行时
（1）表示在过去某阶段或某一时刻正在发生的动作
What were you doing at 8:30 last night （过去某时刻正在发生）
（2）与always，often，usually等连用表示喜爱、讨厌等感彩。
He was always changing his mind.
C. 进行时表某一行为的＂片断＂；一般时表示行为的＂整体＂和存在的状态。
I was reading the book at that time. （未读完，＂读＂的片段）
I read the book yesterday. （已读完，表整个＂读＂）
D. 表示在过去的某段时间里一直反复持续进行的动作。
It was raining all night.
He was writing a letter the whole of afternoon.
E. while时间状语从句中用短暂动词时只能用进行时。
He broke a chair while he was jumping up and down.[
F. while 所在主从句动作大致持续相等时主从句一般都用进行时，但若是持续动词可都用一般过去时，两个动作一长一短时短的用一般时，长的用进行时。
I was cooking the dinner while he was playing the piano. （平行）
I cooked the dinner while he played the piano.
I saw him while I was walking to the station.
【注意】
英语中有四类动词一般不用进行时（不用现在进行时和过去进行时）
（1）表心理状态、情感的动词，如love，hate，like，care，respect，please，prefer，know等，若用进行时则词意改变。
I’m forgetting it. ( =beginning to forget )
（2）表示存在、状态的动词，如appear，exist，lie，remain，stand，seem等。
（3）表示感觉的动词，如see，hear，feel，smell，sound，taste等。
（4）表示人的期待、允诺、拒绝、结束的词，如accept，allow，admit，decide，end，refuse，permit，promise等。
一、单项选择
1．—Some Chinese government officers have turned into live streamers(网络主播).
—Yes. They’re trying their best to help local farmers to ________ sales（销售）.
A．receive B．improve C．return D．realize
2．— Why isn’t Lucy at the English evening party
— She is racing ________ the clock to finish her report on her project.
A．beyond B．over C．against D．through
3．I think his new book will ________ a new world to us.
A．pick up B．put up C．open up D．make up
4．When I go to Moscow, it began to snow ________.
A．heavily B．nearly C．easily D．hardly
5．The film ________ for more than ten minutes.
A．began B．has begun C．has been on D．was beginning
6．There are many places to visit in Xuzhou, ________ Xuzhou Museum, Yunlong Lake and so on.
A．in some ways B．at first C．in fact D．such as
7．—It’s kind of you to give me a helping hand. My spoken English has greatly improved.
— ________
A．I’m sorry to hear that. B．My pleasure. C．Don’t say so. D．What a pity!
8．Now many students are under too much ________, and they have too much homework to do every day.
A．pressure B．silence C．trouble D．satisfaction
9．We ________ English when our English teacher _________ in.
A．were reading, came B．read, came
C．read, was coming D．were reading, was coming
10．—When did the accident happen
—This morning, while we ___________ a walk in the street.
A．take B．was taking C．took D．were taking
二、完形填空
阅读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The captain stood on the high wall of the city of Troy. “The Greeks have gone ___11___ we’ve won,” he said. “They’ve tried to capture our city for ten years. Now they’ve ___12___ and sailed away!”
“But look over there,” a soldier said. “They’ve left a huge ___13___ horse.”
“Ah, yes,” the captain said, “it’s too big. The Greeks didn’t want to take it with them. Get some ___14___ and pull it into the city.”
That night, in the main square of the city, all the Trojans celebrated. They sang and danced ___15___ the horse, and made jokes about the stupid Greeks. “I haven’t laughed ___16___ this since my childhood,” the captain said. ___17___ the party, they locked all the gates of the city and then all went to sleep.
By midnight, the main square was ___18___ , except for the huge horse. ___19___ a secret door opened on the side of the horse. The horse was ___20___ Greek soldiers! They quietly climbed out of the horse one ___21___ one.
The soldiers opened the main ___22___ . The Greek army entered the city.
___23___ ten years, the Greeks could not capture the city by ___24___ .
In one night, however, they ___25___ in capturing it through a clever trick.
11．A．and B．but C．so D．since
12．A．given up B．focused on C．put up D．come on
13．A．woolen B．broken C．golden D．wooden
14．A．ropes B．help C．medicine D．lines
15．A．behind B．near C．around D．under
16．A．as B．like C．unlike D．among
17．A．Before B．Since C．After D．Behind
18．A．clean B．noisy C．quiet D．empty
19．A．Suddenly B．Certainly C．Finally D．Quickly
20．A．short of B．full of C．ahead of D．instead of
21．A．by B．for C．in D．from
22．A．windows B．gates C．horses D．boxes
23．A．For B．During C．Among D．Since
24．A．fight B．to fight C．to fighting D．fighting
25．A．failed B．succeeded C．managed D．Gave
三、阅读理解
A
Confucius is the greatest teacher in Chinese history. He was born on September 28, 551 BC in the Kingdom of Lu, in today’s Shandong Province.
When he was young, Confucius and his mother had a hard life. At the age of fifteen, he began to learn music, and he did well in it. Then he went on learning other subjects. When he was thirty, he became a teacher. He started his own school. He believed everyone should have a chance to get education no matter they were rich or poor. He had about 3, 000 students and many of them became famous.
In China, we regard Confucius as the greatest thinker and also the greatest teacher. His most important ideas are kindness and good manners. He said young people should take care of the old. People should stop thinking of themselves and work for others. His ideas are around in people’s everyday life. Today people can still hear them, and they go far into east and South Asia.
26．When was Confucius born
A．He was born on September 1st. B．He was born in 701 BC．
C．He was born in 372 BC． D．He was born on September 28.
27．Life was ________ to Confucius when he was young.
A．difficult B．rich C．perfect D．lucky
28．What did Confucius begin to learn when he was 15
A．Drawing. B．Swimming. C．Music. D．Math.
29．When did Confucius become a teacher
A．At the age of 25. B．At the age of 28. C．At the age of 35. D．At the age of 30.
30．Which is the main idea of Paragraph 3
A．How were the ideas of Confucius brought to South Asia
B．Ideas of Confucius and their influence today.
C．When were the ideas of Confucius brought to South Asia
D．Some other ancient great thinkers and great teachers.
B
The Silk Road is the name of different roads that long ago connected Europe, Africa and Asia. People reached these different places along these roads. Scientists believe people began to travel the Silk Road about 3,000 years ago. By the time the Chinese silk trade became important in the world, the Silk Road covered almost 6,500 kilometers. It spread (传播) from Rome to China, which is from the West to the Far East.
Traders travelling along the Silk Road carried silk, of course. They also carried and traded spices (香料), cloth, valuable stones and gold.
There is a famous old story along the old road. It is said that Roman soldiers (士兵) travelled through central Asia. They started to live somewhere near the ancient Chinese village of Liqian. Some of these Romans married local Chinee women and the story of blue-eyed villages of China started.
During its busiest time, the Silk Road allowed people from many different cultures and countries to meet each other and mix (融合). The Silk Road allowed the sharing of valuable goods and new ideas. All these people travelled the Silk Road, and they shared goods, stories, languages, and cultures.
In modern times, People still use the old Silk Road routes, but now they cross by trains instead of camels and horses. There is even a Silk Route Museum in Jiuquan in China. It has over 35,000 objects from all along the Silk Road. In this way, China protects the history of many countries and peoples.
31．How many states (洲) did the Silk Road connect long ago
A．Three B．Four C．Five D．Six
32．What goods did the traders carry according to the passage
A．Silk, cloth and meat. B．Cloth, stones and vegetables.
C．Gold, silk and fruit. D．Spices, stones and gold.
33．The Silk Road spread from ________ to _________.
A．the West, the Far East B．Australia, China
C．the north, the south D．America, Asia
34．Which of the following is True according to the passage
A．The Silk Road covered almost 6,500 meters.
B．Silk Road allowed different people to share valuable goods and new ideas.
C．People still use the Silk Road on horses and camels.
D．Some Americans married local Chinese women and the story of blue-eyed villages of China.
35．China protects the history of many countries and peoples because _________.
A．There is even a Silk Route Museum in Jiuquan in China
B．People travelled the Silk Road and shared goods, stories, languages, and cultures
C．Chinese silk trade became important in the world
D．All of the above
四、语法填空
In fact, before and during the Qin and Han dynasties, most people ate two meals ____36____ day. They didn’t have enough food ____37____ farming was still a bit undeveloped at this time. ____38____ (usual), people had breakfast between 7 am ____39____ 9 am. Another meal was eaten in the afternoon. Their breakfast, as their main meal, was ____40____ (rich) than their afternoon meal.
Three meals a day became common during the Sui and Tang dynasties as agriculture developed. At that time, lunch replaced breakfast as the main meal of the day. The word “lunch” often appeared in poems. For example, Tang Dynasty ____41____ (poem) Bai Juyi and Jia Dao both wrote about lunch in their poems.
In the past, the number of ____42____ (meal) someone ate largely depended on ____43____ (they) financial situation, social status (社会地位) and customs. For example, during the Han Dynasty, emperors ____44____ (enjoy) four meals a day. During the Qing Dynasty, emperors had only two meals a day. This was the custom of the Manchu ethnic group ( 满族), which the emperors _____45_____ (be) members of.
五、补全对话
A: The weather in Beijing is beautiful.
B: ___46___
A: Oh, I see. The hot summer is over, and the cold winter is still far away.
B: ___47___
A: It is also very nice in Washington DC．
B: Is it freezing in winter there
A: No, it’s not very cold. ___48___
B: Does it rain a lot in summer there
A: Yes, sometimes it rains heavily. ___49___
B: There is a lot of rain in summer, but it rains little in autumn.
A: ___50___
B: That’s true. Many people from the south of China don’t like the dry weather here.
A．What’s the weather like in Washington DC at this time of year
B．It sounds good.
C．How about the weather in summer in Beijing
D．It’s always very dry in Washington DC．
E．Autumn is the best season in Beijing, you know.
F．But sometimes it snows a lot in winter.
G．I feel it’s very dry here.
参考答案：
1．B
【详解】句意：——一些中国政府官员变成了网络主播。——是的。他们正在尽最大努力帮助当地农民提高销售额。
考查动词辨析。receive收到；improve提高；return归还；realize意识到。根据“Some Chinese government officers have turned into live streamers(网络主播).”可知政府官员当网络主播为了帮助当地农民提高产品销量，故选B。
2．C
【详解】句意：——露西为什么不参加英语晚会？——她正争分夺秒地完成她的项目报告。
考查介词辨析。beyond超过，超出；over在……上方；against与……相反；through穿过。根据“She is racing...the clock to finish her report on her project.”可知，此处应用race against the clock“争分夺秒”，固定搭配，表示露西没参加晚会是因为她要赶着完成报告。故选C。
3．C
【详解】句意：我认为他的新书将为我们打开一个新的世界。
考查动词短语。pick up捡起；put up张贴；open up打开；make up构成。根据“I think his new book will...a new world to us.”可知，他的新书为我们打开一个新的世界，C选项“打开”符合语境。故选C。
4．A
【详解】句意：当我去莫斯科时，天开始下起了大雪。
考查副词辨析。heavily大量地；nearly几乎；easily容易地；hardly几乎不。表示雨、雪下得大用副词heavily。故选A。
5．C
【详解】句意：这部电影已经放映十多分钟了。
考查现在完成时。根据时间状语“for more than ten minutes”可知，此句应用现在完成时，且应用延续性动词，begin是瞬间动词，be on是延续性动词，表示动作的持续进行，与一段时间连用。故选C。
6．D
【详解】句意：徐州有很多地方可以参观，如徐州博物馆、云龙湖等。
考查介词短语辨析。in some ways在某些方面；at first起初；in fact事实上；such as例如，常列举同类人或物中的几个例子。根据“Xuzhou Museum, Yunlong Lake and so on.”可知，此空后有几个例子，所以应该填入such as。故选D。
7．B
【详解】句意：——你帮了我一把，真是太善良了。我的英语口语已经大大地提高了。——不客气。
考查情景交际。I’m sorry to hear that听到这个消息我很难过；My pleasure不客气；Don’t say so不要这么说；What a pity真可惜。根据“It’s kind of you to give me a helping hand. My spoken English has greatly improved.”可知，在你的帮助下，我的英语口语有了很大提高，B选项“不客气。”符合语境。故选B。
8．A
【详解】句意：现在很多学生压力太大，每天都有太多的作业要做。
考查名词辨析。pressure压力；silence沉默；trouble麻烦，困难；satisfaction满意。根据“they have too much homework to do every day.”可知，现在的学生有太多的作业，说明压力太大。故选A。
9．A
【详解】句意：我们正在读英语，这时我们的英语老师进来了。
考查动词时态。when引导的时间状语从句，从句表示过去发生的动作，主句表示过去某个时刻正在发生的事情，所以从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时的结构，故选A。
10．D
【详解】句意：——事故是什么时候发生的？——今天早上，我们在街上散步的时候。
考查动词时态。take a walk散步。while引导的时间状语从句，从句一般使用进行时态；由“did”可知，事故发生在过去，因此从句要使用过去进行时，其构成为：was/were+动词的现在分词；主语we是第一人称复数，be动词用were；take的现在分词是taking。故选D。
11．A 12．A 13．D 14．A 15．C 16．B 17．C 18．D 19．A 20．B 21．A 22．B 23．A 24．D 25．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了著名的特洛伊战争的故事。
11．句意：希腊人走了，我们赢了。
and和；but但是；so因此；since自从。根据“The Greeks have gone…we’ve won,”可知，前后表示并列，应该用and连接。故选A。
12．句意：现在他们已经放弃并乘船离开了。
given up放弃；focused on集中；put up建造；come on快点。根据“sailed away”可知，他们应该是放弃了。故选A。
13．句意：他们留下了一匹巨大的木马。
woolen羊毛的；broken损坏的；golden金色的；wooden木质的。根据常识可知，此处留下了木马。故选D。
14．句意：找些绳子把它拉进城里。
ropes绳子；help帮助；medicine药；lines线。根据“and pull it into the city”可知，应该用绳子拉。故选A。
15．句意：他们围着马又唱又跳，还拿愚蠢的希腊人开玩笑。
behind在……后面；near在附近；around围绕；under在……下面。根据“They sang and danced…the horse,”可知，应该是围着马唱跳。故选C。
16．句意：我从小就没这么笑过。
as作为；like像；unlike不像；among在……当中。根据“laughed…this”可知，是“像这样笑”。故选B。
17．句意：晚会结束后，他们锁上了所有的城门，然后都去睡觉了。
Before在……之前；Since自从；After在……之后；Behind在……后面。根据“they locked all the gates of the city and then all went to sleep.”可知，是晚会后，他们锁上了城门。故选C。
18．句意：到了午夜，除了那匹巨大的马，主广场已经空无一人。
clean干净的；noisy嘈杂的；quiet安静的；empty空的。根据“except for the huge horse”可知，除了那匹马，广场上是空的。故选D。
19．句意：突然，一扇暗门在马的一侧打开了。
Suddenly突然地；Certainly确定；Finally最终；Quickly快地。根据“a secret door opened on the side of the horse.”可知，这是突然发生的事情。故选A。
20．句意：那匹马装满了希腊士兵！
short of缺少；full of装满；ahead of早于；instead of代替。根据“…Greek soldiers”可知，木马里装满了希腊士兵。故选B。
21．句意：他们一个一个悄悄地从马上爬下来。
by通过；for为了；in在……里面；from来自。one by one“一个接一个”，固定短语。故选A。
22．句意：士兵们打开了大门。
windows窗户；gates大门；horses马；boxes盒子。根据“The Greek army entered the city.”可知，是打开了大门。故选B。
23．句意：十年来，希腊人无法通过战斗占领这座城市。
For后接一段时间（表示事件持续了多长时间）；During在……期间（通常表示事件发生在何时）；Among在……中；Since自从。此处表示“十年来，希腊人无法通过战斗占领这座城市。”，这件事持续了十年，介词for符合题意。故选A。
24．句意：十年来，希腊人无法通过战斗占领这座城市。
fight作战，动词原形；to fight动词不定式；to fighting介词+动名词；fighting现在分词/动名词。空前有介词by，故此空应该用动名词作宾语。故选D。
25．句意：然而，在一个晚上，他们通过一个聪明的技巧成功地捕获了它。
failed失败；succeeded成功；managed管理；gave给。succeed in doing sth.“成功地做成某事”。故选B。
26．D 27．A 28．C 29．D 30．B
【导语】本文介绍了孔子的生平以及他的思想。
26．细节理解题。根据“He was born on September 28, 551 BC in the Kingdom of Lu, in today’s Shandong Province.”可知，孔子出生在9月28日，故选D。
27．细节理解题。根据“When he was young, Confucius and his mother had a hard life.”可知，孔子小时候的生活是很艰苦的，故选A。
28．细节理解题。根据“At the age of fifteen, he began to learn music, and he did well in it.”可知，孔子在十五岁开始学习音乐，故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据“When he was thirty, he became a teacher.”可知，孔子在三十岁成为一名老师，故选D。
30．主旨大意题。根据“His most important ideas are kindness and good manners.”和“His ideas are around in people’s everyday life. Today people can still hear them, and they go far into east and South Asia.”可知，第三段主要介绍了孔子的思想以及它们在今天的影响，故选B。
31．A 32．D 33．A 34．B 35．A
【导语】本文主要介绍丝绸之路，古代时商人携带丝绸、香料、布料、珍贵的石头以及黄金等进行交易。并讲述在丝绸之路上发生的故事。丝绸之路让来自不同文化和国家的人们相遇并分享他们的货物、故事、语言以及文化。最后介绍酒泉的丝绸之路博物馆，中国保护了许多国家和民族的历史。
31．细节理解题。根据“The Silk Road is the name of different roads that long ago connected Europe, Africa and Asia.”可知，丝绸之路连接了三个洲。故选A。
32．细节理解题。根据“Traders travelling along the Silk Road carried silk, of course. They also carried and traded spices (香料), cloth, valuable stones and gold.”可知，沿着丝绸之路旅行的商人携带丝绸。他们还携带和交易香料、布料、贵重的石头和黄金。D选项符合。故选D。
33．细节理解题。根据“It spread (传播) from Rome to China, which is from the West to the Far East.”可知，它从罗马传播到中国，也就是从西方传播到远东。故选A。
34．细节理解题。根据“The Silk Road allowed the sharing of valuable goods and new ideas.”可知，丝绸之路让不同的人分享有价值的商品和新思想。故选B。
35．细节理解题。根据“There is even a Silk Route Museum in Jiuquan in China. It has over 35,000 objects from all along the Silk Road. In this way. China protects the history of many countries and peoples.”可知，中国酒泉有一座丝绸之路博物馆，中国以这种方式保护着许多国家和人民的历史。故选A。
36．a 37．because 38．Usually 39．and 40．richer 41．poets 42．meals 43．their 44．enjoyed 45．were
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章向我们讲述了在过去中国人一天吃几顿饭的历史发展过程和背后的原因。
36．句意：事实上，在秦汉之前和期间，大多数人一天吃两顿饭。根据“ate two meals”可知应是一天两顿饭，a day“一天”符合语境，故填a。
37．句意：他们没有足够的食物因为当时的农耕还不够发达。根据“They didn’t have enough food”和“farming was still a bit undeveloped at this time.”可知二者为因果关系，表示前果后因，所以用because引导原因状语从句，故填because。
38．句意：通常情况下，人们在上午7点和9点之间吃早餐。此处应填副词，修饰整个句子，位于句首首字母需要大写，故填Usually。
39．句意：通常情况下，人们在上午7点和9点之间吃早餐。根据“ between 7 am...9 am.”可知，此处考查between...and“在……和……之间”，故填and。
40．句意：他们的早餐作为他们的主餐，比他们的下午餐丰盛。根据“than”可知此处应用形容词比较级，故填richer。
41．句意：例如唐朝诗人白居易和贾岛在他们的诗里都写了午餐。根据“Bai Juyi and Jia Dao”可知此处是说两个诗人，poet“诗人”，可数名词，用其复数形式，故填poets。
42．句意：在过去，某人吃饭的餐数很大程度上取决于他们的经济情况，社会地位和风俗习惯。the number of“……的数量”，后续可数名词复数，故填meals。
43．句意：在过去，某人吃饭的餐数很大程度上取决于他们的经济情况，社会地位和风俗习惯。此处应填形容词性物主代词做定语，故填their。
44．句意：例如，汉朝期间，皇帝一天享用四顿饭。根据“ during the Han Dynasty”可知时态为一般过去时，故填enjoyed。
45．句意：这是满族的习俗，皇帝是满族成员。根据“This was the custom of the Manchu ethnic group”可知时态为一般过去时，主语emperors为复数，be动词用were。故填were。
46．E 47．A 48．F 49．C 50．G
【导语】本文是A和B两人在谈论北京和华盛顿特区的天气。
46．根据”The hot summer is over, and the cold winter is still far away.”可知炎热的夏天已经过去，寒冷的冬天还远着呢。此处应该是在谈论秋天。E项“你知道，秋天是北京最好的季节。”符合语境。故选E。
47．根据“It is also very nice in Washington DC.”可知此处在询问华盛顿特区的天气。A项“每年这个时候华盛顿特区的天气怎么样 ”符合语境。故选A。
48．根据“Is it freezing in winter there ”可知此处在描述华盛顿特区冬天的天气。F项“但是冬天有时会下很多雪。”符合语境。故选F。
49．根据“There is a lot of rain in summer”可知此处在询问北京夏天的天气。C项“北京夏天的天气怎么样 ”符合语境。故选C
50．根据“Many people from the south of China don’t like the dry weather here.”可知许多来自中国南方的人不喜欢这里的干燥天气。说话人认为这里天气干燥。G项“我觉得这里太干燥了。”符合语境。故选G。
词汇回顾++
考点精讲
强化训练
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共43张PPT)
2022-2023八年级英语下册复习课件
Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came？
单元复习课件
Learning Aims
1.Review the phrases and key sentences of Unit5.
2. To review to summarize the usages of when/while.
3.Learn how to write a passage.
重点单词过关
1暴风雨 ___________
闹钟 ___________
开始 ___________
在很大程度上；大量地 ___________
突然；忽然 __________
奇特的；奇怪的 ___________
rainstorm
alarm
begin
heavily
suddenly
strange
storm
wind
light
report
area
wood
window
flashlight
match
n. 暴风雨
n. 风
n. 光；光线；光亮
v.&n. 报道；公布
n. 地域；地区
n. 木；木头
n. 窗；窗户
n. 手电筒；火炬
n. 火柴
beat
against
at first
asleep
fall asleep
die down
rise
fallen
apart
v. 敲打；打败
prep. 倚；碰；撞
起初；起先
adj. 睡着
进入梦乡；睡着
逐渐变弱；逐渐消失
v.&n. 升起；增加；提高
adj. 倒下的；落下的
adv. 分离；分开
理解；领会；认识到 _______________
前往；费力地前进 _______________
接电话 _______________
进入梦乡；睡着 _______________
逐渐变弱；逐渐消失 _______________
看一看 _______________
realize
make one’s way
pick up
fall asleep
die down
have a look
章节；段落 __________
学生 __________
彻底地；完全地 __________
惊愕的；受震惊的 __________
沉默；缄默；无声 __________
不久前；最近 __________
passage
pupil
completely
shocked
silence
recently
重点短语
_______________ (闹钟)发出响声
_______________ 醒来
_______________________ 接电话
________________ 起初; 起先
________________ 进入梦乡; 睡着
________________ 错过了公交
________________ 等公交
________________ 步行回家
go off
wake up
pick up the phone)
at first
fall asleep
miss the bus
wait for the bus
walk home
感觉像
首先
入睡
逐渐变弱
确信
一团糟
清理
互相帮助
在困难时期
feel like
at first
fall asleep
die down
make sure
in a mess
clean up
help each other
in times of difficulty
________________ 照相
________________ 打扫(或清除)干净
________________ 弹钢琴
________________ 因为
________________ 买饮料
________________ 看一看
________________ 离开家
________________ 打开收音机
________________________ 把车送到洗车处
__________________ 你在开玩笑！
take photos
clean up
play the piano
because of
buy a drink
have a look
leave the house
turn on the radio
take the car to the car wash
You’re kidding!
With no light outside, it felt like midnight.
介词with在这里表伴随，意思 是“由于；因为”
With my parents away, I’m the king of the house.
我爸妈不在，我可是家中的“王”了。
I can’t work with all that noise going on.
由于那噪音响着，我无法工作。
2. The news on TV reported that …
report v. 报告(情况)；报导；公布
You should report them to the police.
你应当向警方控告他们的。
She reported the success of a new experiment.
她报告说一次新的实验成功了。
3. … was making sure the flashlights and radio were working.
make sure = be sure 确认；查明；确保
make sure (that) + 句子
Make sure you turn off the TV before you leave the house.
在你离开屋子之前确认关了电视。
make sure of / about sth.
Arrive earlier tomorrow to make sure of catching the first bus.
明天早上早点儿到以确保能赶上首班车。
make sure to do sth.
Make sure to check your homework before handing it in.
交作业之前请检查一遍。
4. … began to beat heavily against the windows.
beat v. 打；敲打
The rain was beating on the windows.
雨水敲打着窗子。
beat v. 打败
I can beat you in swimming.
在游泳上我要胜你一筹。
win和beat都可用作及物动词，作“赢、战胜”讲时，其区别主要在于宾语的不同：
win的宾语是比赛、战争、奖品、金钱等名词，即race, match, game, competition, war, prize之类的词；
beat的宾语的则是比赛、竞争的对手，即指人或球队的名词或代词。例如：
beat & win
He won first prize in the surfing competition．
他在冲浪比赛中获得第一。
We beat the strongest team in the football match this time．
在这次足球赛中我们战胜了最强的那个队。
5. He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m..
asleep adj. 睡着的
fall asleep 进入梦乡；睡着
He fell asleep in the living room.
他在客厅睡着了。
When mother came back, she found the baby asleep.
当妈妈回到家时，发现小宝宝睡着了。
happen v. 发生；碰巧（指偶然性发生）
The accident happened close to Martha's house.
事故发生在玛莎家附近。
happen to sb. 某事发生在某人身上
What happened to you
你发生什么事了？/ 你怎么了？
sb. happen to do sth. 某人碰巧做某事
I happened to pass by the Grand Theater.
我碰巧经过大戏院。
(1) take place和happen都表示“发生”，都是不及物动词，无被动语态。两者都是短暂性动词，不能与“一段时间”的状语连用。
(2) take place 表示按照预先计划、安排某事发生。
happen往往表示偶然性的、没有预料的事情“突然发生”。
take place / happen
6. My parents were completely shocked!
completely adv. 彻底地，完全地
e.g. I understand completely.
我完全明白。
shocked adj. 惊愕的；受震惊的
e.g. She was so shocked that she could
hardly say a word.
她大为震惊, 几乎一句话也说不出来。
7. My parents did not talk after that, and we finished the rest of our dinner in silence.
那之后, 我的父母没有说话, 我们默不作声地吃完了剩下的晚饭。
in silence 固定短语, 意为“沉默; 无声”
silence n. 沉默; 缄默; 无声
e.g. The hugged each other in silence for a long time.
他们默默地拥抱了彼此很长时间。
同根词
silent adj. 沉默的
silence n. 沉默; 无声
silently adv. 沉默地
in silence 沉默; 无声
keep silent 保持沉默
-ly是副词后缀
8. … most Americans remember what they were doing when the World Trade Center in New York was taken down by terrorists.
绝大多数美国人都记得当时纽约世界贸易中心被恐怖分子摧毁时他们正在做什么。
was taken down 被摧毁(被动语态)
take down表示将建筑物或高的物体“拆除；拆掉；拆卸”，此处根据上下文可翻译成“摧毁；毁掉”。
e.g. They’re talking about how to take that
wall down. 他们在讨论如何拆除那堵墙。
【拓展】take down还有如下含义:
记下; 写下 All the pupils took down the speech.
所有的学生都把那篇演讲记下来了 。
拿下; 取下 Did he take down the blue flag
他把蓝旗子取下来了吗？
9. She remembers working in her office near the two towers.
remember doing something
记得曾经做过某事
remember to do sth.
记得要去做某事
【链接】
forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(已做) forget to do sth. 忘记做某事(还未做)
10. I didn’t believe him at first.
at first起初, 首先(介词短语, 只起副词作用，在句中用作状语)。
at first主要用于强调前后对照, 暗示接下去的动作与前面的动作不同甚至相反, 因此常有but, afterwards, soon, at last等相呼应。
e.g. At first I didn’t want to go, but soon
I changed my mind. 我开始不想去,
但我很快就改变了主意。
重点语法
when
when引导的时间状语从句可以表示一个时间点, 也可以表示一个时间段。从句中可以用短暂性动词，也可以用延续性动词。
It was snowing when we got to the airport.
我们到达机场时， 天正下着雪。
My key dropped on the ground when I was walking in the park.
我在公园散步时， 钥匙掉在了地上。
when and while “当……的时候”
while引导的时间状语从句常指一个时间段，从句中的动词常为延续性的。while有时还可表示主句的动作与从句的动作同时发生。
While he was reading, the phone rang.
他正在看书时，电话铃响了。
Some students were reading while others were writing.
一些学生在读书，另一些学生在写字。
while
1) 若从句是一个短暂性动作，主句是一个持续性动作，可用 when 但不用 while：
It was raining hard when we arrived.
我们到达时正下着大雨。
2) 表示主、从句正在进行的动作或状态的对比时多用while：
While she was making a phone call, I was writing a letter.
when 和 while 的区别
3) when 可用作并列连词，表示“这时(突然)”，但while不可以；while 可以用作并列连词，表示“而、却”(表示对比)，但when没有这种用法。
We were about to start when it began to rain.
He likes coffee, while she likes tea.
constitution of v.-ing
a. 一般动词在词尾加-ing: go-going
b. 以不发音字母e结尾的动词, 先去掉e, 再加-ing:
come-coming, make-making, write-writing
c. 以重读闭音节结尾的动词, 如果末尾以一个辅音字母结尾, 应先双写这个字母, 再加ing，x和w结尾的除外:
get-getting, swim-swimming, show-showing
d. 以字母y结尾的单词, 直接加ing:
carry-carrying, play-playing, study-studying
e. 以字母ie结尾的动词，变ie为y, 再加ing: die-dying, lie-lying
f. 以元音字母加e结尾，或以e结尾，且e发音的动词，直接加-ing:
see-seeing, be-being
◎Notice
(1)下列几类动词通常不用过去进行时：
① 表状态：be；
② 表感官：feel, hear, see, smell, taste等;
③ 表思维或心理状态：believe, forget, consider, know, remember, hope, wish, want, love, like, un-derstand等；
④表所属关系: belong, have, own, hold等
(2)在there和here引起的句子中，常用一般现在时代替现在进行时。
Here comes the bus.
There goes the bell.
◎Contrast: Past Progressive Tense & Past Tense
(1)过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间
正在进行的动作，暂时、持续、未完成，强调
过程，侧重表示动作延长的时间长度。
而一般过去时则表示一个完整的动作, 表示在
过去某个时间发生过的动作或存在的状态，发
生过、已结束，强调结果，侧重说明事实。
They were writing letters to their friends last night.
昨晚他们在写信给他们的朋友。
They wrote letters to their friends last night.
他们昨晚写了信给他们的朋友。
He is writing all night last night.
昨晚他一直在写东西。
He wrote something last night．
昨晚他写了一些东西。
(2)当动作延续较长时间时或表示厌烦、赞美等
感彩时, 常用过去进行时表示。
He was thinking more of others than of himself.
他考虑别人的比考虑自己的多。(表赞扬)
The boy was always making trouble then .
那时，他总是惹麻烦。(表厌烦)
◎Extension
Present P.P Past P.P
Concept 现在正在 进行的动作 过去某个时刻
正在进行的动作
Structure is/am/are+doing was/were+doing
Adverbial of time now at that time, when+过去时
e.g. I am having an English class. When he came in, I was cooking.
Writing
本单元以“谈论过去正在发生的事情”为话题，讲述了大事件发生时人们正在进行的各种活动。具体到书面表达中，要求同学们会对过去正在发生的事情进行描述，在写这类短文时，要运用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时或过去进行时等。在写作时要注意以下几点：
①明确中心思想，无论是看图写作，还是情景描写，都要围绕文章中心展开；
②要注意记叙文的几个要素，即把时间、地点、人物、事件、起因、经过、结果等交代清楚；
③要合理安排好写作的顺序；
④叙述事件时语言简洁，把文章写得生动、详实。
教材中出现的相关句型：
①When you called，I was in the kitchen helping my mom.当你打电话时，我正在厨房帮助我的母亲。
②When you called，I was having a shower.当你打电话时，我正在洗澡。
③While you were sleeping，I called Jenny and she helped me.当你睡觉的时候，我给詹妮打了电话，她帮助了我。
④I was sleeping at that time.那时我正在睡觉。
⑤He was reading in the library when the rainstorm came.当暴风雨来的时候，他正在图书馆看书。
⑥While Linda was sleeping，Jenny was helping Mary with her homework.当琳达睡觉的时候，詹妮正在帮助玛丽做家庭作业。
⑦An important event that I remember well was...我记忆最深的一件重大事情是……
⑧The event happened in/on...这件事情发生在……
⑨When the event happened/When I heard the news of this event，I was...当这件事发生时/当我听到有关这件事的新闻时，我正在……
⑩I remember this event well because...我把这件事记得很清楚，是因为……
句型拓展：
①At the time of the typhoon，I was so scared that I stayed in bed without moving.
②I had trouble walking home because it rained heavily.
③While my dad was closing the windows，my mom was sweeping the floor.
Last Sunday Mary You
9：00～9：30 read English listen to the English tapes
10：00～11：00 do math homework watch TV
12：00～1：00 have lunch with Dad have lunch with Dad
2：00～3：30 have a piano lesson have a piano lesson
4：00～5：00 visit her friends do homework
Last Sunday，Mary was very busy，and so was I．When Mary was reading English at 9：00，I was listening to the English tapes.At 10：00，while she was doing math homework，I was watching TV，because my favorite program was on at that time.After that we had lunch with our dad.From 2：00 to 3：30 p．m.，Mary and I were having a piano lesson together.Both of us like playing the piano.But at 4：00 last Sunday afternoon，while Mary was visiting her friends，I was doing my homework.
谢谢
21世纪教育网（www.21cnjy.com)
中小学教育资源网站
兼职招聘：
https://www.21cnjy.com/recruitment/home/admin
