人教版（2019） 必修 第二册Unit 4 History and traditions 词汇学习（25张PPT）

(共25张PPT)
Unit 4 History and traditions
词汇变形
记忆思维图
重点词汇讲解
philosophy n. 哲学家 ______________
puzzle adj. 感到困惑的 _________ 令人费解的_________
n. 迷惘，困惑________
belong n. 财物 ______________
currency adj. ____________
defence v. ______________
surround adj. _________________ n. ______________
evidence adj. _____________
location v. _______________
fascinating v. ______________ n. _____________
announce n. ______________
9. fascinating v. ______________ n. _____________
10. announce n. ______________
11. generous n. ____________
12. eager n. _____________
13. poet n. 诗歌_____________ adj. __________
14. greet n. ______________
15. transition adj. ____________
16. crowd adj. _____________
17. achievement v. ____________________ adj. __________________
1. philosophy n. philosopher
2. puzzle adj. puzzled puzzling puzzlement
3. belong n. belongings
4. currency adj. current
5. defence v. defend
6. surround adj. surrounding n. surroundings
7. evidence adj. evident
8. location v. locate
9. fascinating v. fascinate n. fascination
10. announce n. announcement
11. generous n. generosity
12. eager n. eagerness
13. poet n. poem/ poetry adj. poetic
14. greet n. greeting
15. transition adj. transitional
16. crowd adj. crowded
17. achievement v. achieve adj. achievable
Identity
teacher, philosopher,
political theorist
Philosophy of Confucianism
Birthplace
Kingdom/ state of Lu
Family residence for his descendants
Cemetery of Confucius
Temple of Confucius
Mansion of Kong family
Currency/ legal system
Be surrounded by Qi, Chu…
War/ battle/
military force/ attack/ defend
Conquer/ conqueror/ conquest
Join those states to Qin Empire
Puzzle
A puzzling puzzle
A puzzling puzzle makes me puzzled.
Puzzle
n. Riddle
v. Confuse
Confused
Confusion (puzzlement)
Confusing
Achievement
Achieve
Treat
Treatment
Announce
Announcement
Establish
Establishment
Puzzle
Puzzlement
Location
Locate
Be located in
Contribute
Contribution
Promote
Promotion
Investigate
Investigation
Donate
Donation
Logical
Illogical
Literate
Illiterate
Danger
Endanger
Able
Enable
Achilles
Heel
Arrow
Greek myth
Achilles’ heel
a surprising weakness in an otherwise strong or powerful person
epic poem The Iliad
Poet Homer
King
Kingdom
Queen
Prince
(royal highness)
Princess
Trees of royal family
Emperor
Empire
Empress
Prince
(crown prince;)
Princess
Trees of royal family
puzzle v. 使困惑 n. 谜 adj. puzzling / puzzled n. 困惑 puzzlement
After reading the story entitled The Curse of the Mummy, she frowned in puzzlement. She puzzled over/about the mystery all evening. Up to now, the curse of the mummy remains a puzzle. What puzzles the scientists is why so many explorers died after visiting the tomb of Tutankhamun.

belong vi. 属于
The islands belong to Spain. 这些岛屿隶属西班牙。（不用进行时；无被动语态）
The four countries belonging (belong) to the United Kingdom work together in some areas.
n. belonging 归属感[u] ; 个人所有物，财物 [pl]
归属感 a sense of belonging 个人财物 personal belongings
defence/defense n. 防御；保卫
n. soldiers who died in defence of their country为保卫祖国而献身的战士
他后退几步，举起双手，好像在自卫。He stepped back and put up his hands, as if in defence.
v. defend 防御；辩解
军队将不惜一切代价保卫祖国不受任何侵略。The army will do whatever it takes to defend the motherland against any invasion.
surround v. 围绕；包围 adj. surrounding周围的 n. surroundings周围的环境
湖边都是大树。Tall trees surround the lake. --> The lake is surrounded by/with tall trees.
Surrounded by hills on all sides, the village is accessible only by helicopter.
务必确保身边有友善、大方的人。Make sure to surround yourself with kind, generous people.
幼年时我备受关爱。 As a child I was surrounded by love and kindness.
过了好久他才适应了新环境。It was a long time before he adapted (himself) to his new surroundings.
charge n.
n. 1) 收费[c]/[u] The leaflet is available free of charge (免费) from post offices.
2) 控告[c]/[u] He will be sent back to England to face a charge of armed robbery.
3) Jim took charge of (掌管) the farm after his father's death. So far, he has been in charge of (掌管，负责) the farm for ten years. In other words, the farm has been in the charge of (由...掌管) Jim for ten years.
charge v. 1) 收费 charge (sb) money (for sth)
这家餐馆收了我20英镑的餐费。The restaurant charged me￡20 for dinner.
控告 charge sb with (doing) sth = accuse sb of sth
他被指控犯有谋杀罪。He was charged with murder.
向......猛冲 He came charging (charge) into my office and demanded to know why he got an “F” in his dictation.
充电 Remember to get your mobile phone fully charged (charge) in case something urgent comes up.
amount n. 数量；金额 修饰不可数名词
an large amount of time/money/information+谓语单数
large amounts of time/money/information +谓语复数
注意：
下列词常接复数名词： (a) few, many, a good/great many, a (good) number of,
下列词常接不可数名词：(a) little, much, a great deal of, a (large) amount of/ large amounts of
下列词可接复数名词或不可数名词：some, any, a lot of / lots of, plenty of
a large quantity of / large quantities of
approach n. approachable adj. 和蔼可亲的；可接近的
n. 1) 距离和时间上的）靠近，接近 [sing.]
With the approach of spring (随着春天的来临), green shoots were sprouting everywhere.
2)（待人接物或思考问题的）方式，方法 [c]
The school has decided to adopt a different approach to discipline (采取另外一种方式解决纪律问题).
The head teacher is exploring different approaches to handling (handle) those students who are always stirring up trouble.
路径；道路 去港口的一条新路 a new approach to the port
approach v. 1) （在距离或时间上）靠近，接近 vi./ vt.
We heard the sound of an approaching (approach) car.
As spring approached (approach), the secret garden was coming alive.
When he approached the robin, it flapped its wings and soared (up) into the sky.
2) 着手处理；对付 vt. What’s the best way of approaching this problem
generous adj.
慷慨的，大方的 It’s generous of you to share your food with me.
You are always generous in giving help. Without your generous help, I couldn’t have got through the tough time.
You were always generous with your time, helping polish up my pronunciation and cultivating my linguistic skills.
充足的，丰富的 The car has a generous amount of space. 这辆汽车的空间很大。
n. But for your generosity (慷慨解囊), we couldn’t have paid off all the debts.
eager adj. 热切的；渴望的 n. eagerness
她渴望得到父母的赞许。She is/was eager for her parents’ approval.
班上每个人似乎都热爱学习。Everyone in the class seems eager to learn.
每到周五下午学生们都无法掩饰想回家的渴望。The students can’t hide their eagerness to get back home on Friday afternoons.
greet vt. n. greeting
1）打招呼；欢迎 她微笑着向我们打招呼。She greeted us with a smile.
An Australian delegation consisting of two teachers and 20 students arrived at our school, greeted (greet) by the applause from the principal and the student representatives.
2）（以某种方式）对…作出反应 The play was greeted with enthusiastic reviews. 好评如潮
3)（景象、声音或气味 ) 映入…的眼帘；传入…的耳中（或鼻中）
她打开窗，梅花的香气扑鼻而来。
When she opened the window, she was greeted by the scent of plum blossoms.
striking adj. 引人注目的；显著的
姑娘们既聪明伶俐，又妩媚动人，跟她们的兄弟形成鲜明的对照。 In striking contrast to their brothers, the girls were both intelligent and charming.
显著的特征 a striking feature 美得出奇 strikingly beautiful
be struck by/on 被某人（或某物）打动；迷恋某人（或某物）
Struck (strike) by the awesome beauty of the warbler, I focused my camera on it and took a snapshot of the little elf.
It suddenly struck/hit me (我突然明白) that playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team.
贫困地区 poverty-stricken areas
They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence.
John can speak Chinese as well as French.
The teacher as well as the students is required (require) to have nucleic acid test (核酸检测) once a week.
当as well as 接两个成分作主语时，其谓语动词通常与前面一个主语保持一致。类似的表达还有：(together/along) with, rather than, except, but（除了）等词。