2022-2023-2长郡中学高二下入学考试
英语
时量：120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)略
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
★A
The Red Cross is known for doing some of the most heroic acts in the world. There are Red Cross societies in 190 countries all over the world. Their task is to prevent and alleviate human suffering in the face of sudden serious situations by organizing the power of volunteers and asking people to donate.
In 1860, Swiss businessman and social activist, Jean Henri Dunant, saw the effects of wars, and countries not prepared or able to deal with the suffering of those who had been injured in the Battle of Solferino during the Second War of Italian Independence. Dunant organized a group of volunteers to help bring water and food to the injured, to help with medical treatment, or to write letters to the families of those who were dying. After that moment, he knew that more had to be done, and he wrote the book, A Memory of Solferino, which encouraged the public to create an organization which would help the wounded. His writing encouraged more people to support him in creating the International Federation of the Red Cross. And in 1863, the International Committee of the Red Cross was founded.
The modern-day Red Cross does more than nursing soldiers during wartime. The group began to spend most of its time on disaster relief and epidemic(流行病) treatment. It has achieved even greater service in humanitarian(人道主义的) programs that serve continuously in both peace and war.
One of the easiest ways you can help the Red Cross is to make sure you are able to donate blood and make an appointment at the Red Cross website. But, donating blood isn’t the only way you can help out — the Red Cross also encourages you to donate your time if you can, along with other things the modern-day Red Cross wants you to know.
1. What does the underlined word “alleviate” in paragraph 1 mean
A. Lighten. B. Report. C. Express. D. Find.
2. Why did Dunant write A Memory of Solferino
A. To make more people know the Red Cross.
B. To ask more people to help the wounded.
C. To let people see the effects of wars.
D. To call on people to stop wars.
3. What is the purpose of the last paragraph
A. To introduce the Red Cross website.
B. To explain the Red Cross’s future work.
C. To encourage people to offer help in the Red Cross.
D To show how the Red Cross helps needy people.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了红十字会的起源，职责及向红十字会提供帮助的方式。
【1题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第一段第三句“Their task is to prevent”（它们的任务是预防……）及“human suffering in the face of sudden serious situations”（面对严重突发情况人类遭受的困难）可知，这里指红十字会的任务是预防并减轻人类的困难。故推测“alleviate”是减轻，缓解的意思。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段第三句“After that moment, he knew that more had to be done, and he wrote the book, A Memory of Solferino, which encouraged the public to create an organization which would help the wounded.”（在那以后，他知道需要做更多的事，他写了一本书，名叫《索尔费里诺回忆录》，鼓励公众去创造一个帮助伤员的组织。）可知，他写书的目的是呼吁更多人去帮助伤员。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“But, donating blood isn’t the only way you can help out — the Red Cross also encourages you to donate your time if you can, along with other things the modern-day Red Cross wants you to know.”（但是献血并不是你能提供帮助的唯一方式，红十字会也鼓励你尽可能地贡献自己的时间及现代红十字会需要的其他事物。）可知，本段主要描述除了献血，还有其他帮助红十字会的方式，旨在鼓励人们通过各种方式向红十字会提供帮助。故选C项。
★B
When Adora Svitak was twelve years old, she spoke on the TED stage, saying she hates the word "childish" if it's being used to describe irrational （不合理的）demands or irresponsible behavior. She said she has seen enough of that in the adult world, so she knows irrational demands and irresponsible behavior aren't limited to children. In fact, she made the point that adults could learn a thing or two if they'd only open their mind to the possibility that kids have a lot to offer the world.
Even as a kid, Svitak often spoke to educators, making the point that there should be more of a reciprocal （互惠的）relationship between teachers and students. "It shouldn't just be teachers at the head of the classroom telling them to do this or that. The students should teach their teachers," she said.
But she wasn't naive（幼稚的）, and she knew that isn't how many classrooms and schools operate in that way. Her theory is that it's all about trust. Adults always seem to have a restrictive （约束的）attitude towards kids. "Kids have no or very little say in making the rules," Svitak joked.
As a young child, Svitak loved to write. When her mom gave her a computer she wrote over 300 short stories on it. She wanted to get them published, and she was lucky because her parents were on her side. Even though she was turned down by many publishers, eventually she did have a book of short stories published. She was only seven years old then.
After that first success, Svitak has gone on to do more impressive things, something she wishes more kids had the support to do. She says it's important for kids to be heard and contribute when they're young, so they grow up to become a better kind of adult. "The goal is not to turn kids into your kind of adults, but rather better adults than you guys have been. Progress happens because new generations and new eras grow and develop, and they become better than the previous ones. It's the reason we aren't in the Dark Ages anymore," she said.
4. What does Svitak think of using "childish" to describe irrational demands
A. It is unfair for children. B. It can lead to positive effects.
C. It takes no account of adults' needs. D. It can result in irresponsible behavior.
5. What is a good reciprocal relationship between teachers and students according to Svitak
A. Students get along with teachers. B. Students teach instead of learning.
C. Teachers keep telling students what to do. D. Teachers and students learn from each other.
6. How did Svitak's parents react to her dream
A. They supported her. B. They had doubt about it.
C. They were greatly shocked. D. They hardly took it seriously.
7. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. Children need to stick to their dreams.
B. Parents should satisfy their children's needs.
C. Children are advised to imitate their parents.
D. Parents should support and expect more from children.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Adora Svitak在TED舞台上发表的一次演讲。她认为教育者和孩子应该是平等互惠的关系，从而帮助孩子们更好地成长。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段关键句“When Adora Svitak was twelve years old, she spoke on the TED stage, saying she hates the word "childish" if it's being used to describe irrational demands or irresponsible behavior. She said she has seen enough of that in the adult world, so she knows irrational demands and irresponsible behavior aren't limited to children. ”（当Adora Svitak 12岁的时候，她在TED的舞台上说，她讨厌“幼稚”这个词被用来描述不合理的要求或不负责任的行为。她说她在成人世界已经看够了，所以她知道不合理的要求和不负责任的行为并不仅限于孩子。）可知，Svitak认为，使用“幼稚”这个词来描述不合理的要求对孩子来说是不公平的，因为此类要求不仅仅局限于孩子。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段关键句“"It shouldn't just be teachers at the head of the classroom telling them to do this or that. The students should teach their teachers," she said.”（她说：“不应该只是老师站在教室前面告诉他们做这个或做那个。学生应该教他们的老师。”）可知，对于Svitak来说，学生和老师之间一个好的互惠应该是学生和老师之间相互学习。故选D项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段关键句“She wanted to get them published, and she was lucky because her parents were on her side. ”（她想让它们出版，她很幸运，因为她的父母支持她。）可知，Svitak的父母支持她的梦想。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段关键句“After that first success, Svitak has gone on to do more impressive things, something she wishes more kids had the support to do. She says it's important for kids to be heard and contribute when they're young, so they grow up to become a better kind of adult.”（在第一次成功之后，Svitak继续做更多令人印象深刻的事情，她希望更多的孩子能得到支持。她说，让孩子们在年轻的时候被倾听和做出贡献很重要，这样他们长大后就会成为更好的成年人。）及“The goal is not to turn kids into your kind of adults, but rather better adults than you guys have been. Progress happens because new generations and new eras grow and develop, and they become better than the previous ones.”（我们的目标不是把孩子变成你们这样的成年人，而是比你们更好的成年人。进步的发生是因为新的一代和新的时代在成长和发展，他们变得比以前更好。）并结合整段内容可知，最后一段Svitak认为父母应该支持孩子的决定并对孩子们有更多的期待，从而使他们成为更好地成年人。故选D项。
C
Reflexology is a natural treatment dating back to ancient times. It is based on the idea that there are zones, or areas, in the feet and hands that are related to other parts and systems of the body. For example, the tips of the toes and fingers are related to the head and neck, and the ball of the foot is related to the heart and chest. A reflexologist applies pressure to specific areas in a patient’s feet and hands to relieve symptoms or pain in other related areas.
This type of treatment does not cure or diagnose specific health problems, and it does not involve any medicine or drugs. Yet many patients find that it successfully relieves symptoms of stress and disease. Reflexology is effective for pain, headaches, and sleeping difficulties, among other ilnesses. Applying pressure to the feet and hands relieves tension, improves blood circulation, and relaxes muscles. It promotes the natural, healthy functions and well-being of the entire body. Reflexology is often used along with other types of treatments, including conventional medicine.
This gentle therapy is safe and simple. A reflexologist’s only tools are his or her hands. Pressure is strong, but not uncomfortable. It’s not uncommon for patients to fall asleep during treatments.
A typical treatment session lasts one hour. Treatment is usually focused on the feet for most of the session. A patient is asked to remove his or her shoes and socks, to sit in a comfortable reclining chair, and then to relax as the reflexologist warms the patient’s feet with his or her hands and applies pressure to the appropriate parts of the foot. The last ten minutes of the session are dedicated to the hands.
After relieving specific problems, many patients continue a regular program of treatment to maintain good health. Some reflexologists suggest building at least a five- minute reflexology session into every day for long-term relief of stress and pain.
8. What is a reflexologist
A. a scientist who studies reflexology practice.
B. a patient who receives reflexology treatment.
C. a person who provides reflexology treatment.
D. a person who supports the reflexology theory.
9. Which of the following is true about reflexology according to the article
A. It can deal with problems with the feet.
B. It works wonderfully with some diseases.
C. It is often combined with other treatments.
D. Many people do it at least five minutes daily.
10. In a typical session of reflexology, about how much time is spent on the feet
A. One hour. B. Fifty minutes. C. Ten minutes. D. Half the time.
11. In ideas, which of the following is similar to reflexology
A. Chinese herbal therapy. B. Spiritual healing method.
C. Traditional western medicine. D. Chinese acupuncture (针灸).
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是反射疗法的优点。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“A reflexologist applies pressure to specific areas in a patient’s feet and hands to relieve symptoms or pain in other related areas.(反射疗法师在病人的脚和手的特定部位施加压力，以缓解其他相关部位的症状或疼痛。)”可知，反射疗法师是提供反射治疗的人。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Reflexology is often used along with other types of treatments, including conventional medicine.(反射疗法经常与其他类型的治疗一起使用，包括传统医学。)”可知，反射疗法通常与其他治疗方法结合使用，故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“A typical treatment session lasts one hour. Treatment is usually focused on the feet for most of the session.(一个典型的疗程持续一个小时。治疗的大部分时间都集中在脚上。)”和“The last ten minutes of the session are dedicated to the hands.(疗程的最后十分钟是专门针对手的。)”可知，在一个典型的反射疗法中，大约有50分钟是花在脚上的，故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“It is based on the idea that there are zones, or areas, in the feet and hands that are related to other parts and systems of the body.(它是基于这样一种想法，即在脚和手中有一些区域或区域与身体的其他部位和系统有关。)”可知，在思想上，反射疗法和中国的针灸相似，故选D。
D
Pieter Bruegel’s iconic 1565 painting The Harvesters hangs at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. The work showed people harvesting wheat nearly as tall as they were.“nowadays, however, if you walk through a wheat field, you basically see that wheat is about knee-height. The reduced height is essentially a consequence of breeding (培育)along with genes for increasing production to feed a growing population,” biologist De Smet explained.
De Smet says wheat is just one example of how historical artwork can allow us to track the transformation of food crops over time. He teamed up with art historian Vergauwen, a friend since childhood, to document such artwork around the world. They have been mainly looking at things where they can spot changes in shape, color and size.
Their interest in plants in artwork began with a visit to the Hermitage Museum, where they noticed an odd-looking watermelon in an early-17th-century painting. It appeared to be pale and white on the inside. Biologist De Smet assumed the painter had done a poor job. But art historian Vergauwen had a different idea. “No, this is one of the best painters ever from that era. So if he painted it like that, that’s the way it must have looked like,” he explained.
Other paintings revealed that both red and white watermelons were grown during the 17th century.“With all the genetic knowledge we now have, we can look in more detail how something comes about,”De Smet said. “For example, until the 18th century, European strawberries appeared tiny in paintings-they then grew in size as they were crossbred with North American varieties.”
Ultimately, the team hopes to create an online research database of historical plant artwork. They seek the contributions of art enthusiasts around the world via the social media. “However,” Vergauwen reminds, “if you’re going to use, for example, Picasso to try and understand how a pear looked in the early 20th century, you might be misled.”
12. What can we learn about the painting The Harvesters
A. It shows how people successfully grew wheat.
B It proves that wheat was much shorter in the past.
C. It explains the consequence of different breeding methods.
D. It gives clues about how wheat in the 16th century looked like.
13. What inspired the research team to start their study
A. Their preference for food crops.
B. Their friendship since childhood.
C. Their divided views on an old painting.
D. Their shared interest in Hermitage Museum.
14. What is the message from Vergauwen in the last paragraph
A. Art enthusiasts are not careful enough.
B. Abstract paintings often mislead people.
C. The source paintings need to be realistic.
D. Picasso’s paintings are hard to understand.
15. What is the purpose of the text
A. To comment on historical plant paintings.
B. To tell interesting stories behind plant artwork.
C. To inform readers of a scientific breakthrough.
D. To introduce a study on food crop transformation.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了古艺术品能够传递一定的农业信息，为农作物变化的研究提供线索。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Pieter Bruegel’s iconic 1565 painting The Harvesters hangs at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. The work showed people harvesting wheat nearly as tall as they were.”（彼得·勃鲁盖尔1565年的标志性画作《收割机》悬挂在大都会艺术博物馆。研究显示，收割小麦的人几乎和他们的身高一样高。）可知，关于《收割者》这幅画，我们能了解到它为16世纪小麦的样子提供了线索。故选D项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Biologist De Smet assumed the painter had done a poor job. But art historian Vergauwen had a different idea. “No, this is one of the best painters ever from that era. So if he painted it like that, that’s the way it must have looked like,” he explained.”（生物学家德·斯梅特认为画家画得不好。但艺术史学家韦高文却有不同的看法。“不，这是那个时代最好的画家之一。所以如果他把它画成那样，那它肯定就是这样的。”他解释道。）故可推知，他们对一幅古画有不同的看法激发了研究团队开始他们的研究。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Vergauwen reminds, “if you’re going to use, for example, Picasso to try and understand how a pear looked in the early 20th century, you might be misled.””（韦高文提醒说，“如果你试图用毕加索的作品来理解20世纪初梨子的样子，你可能会被误导。”）可知，在最后一段中韦高文传达了抽象画常常误导人的信息。故选B项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第二段中“De Smet says wheat is just one example of how historical artwork can allow us to track the transformation of food crops over time.”（德斯梅特说，小麦只是历史艺术品如何让我们追踪粮食作物随时间变化的一个例子。）和最后一段中“Ultimately, the team hopes to create an online research database of historical plant artwork. They seek the contributions of art enthusiasts around the world via the social media.”（最终，该团队希望创建一个历史植物艺术品的在线研究数据库。他们通过社交媒体寻求世界各地艺术爱好者的贡献。）故可推知，这篇文章的目的是介绍粮食作物变化研究。故选D项。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What makes you cry Being moved by a sad movie, waving a loved one off, or getting emotional after splitting up with your partner can all cause tears to roll down our faces. _______16_______
When you think about it, shedding tears from your eyes can cause embarrassment or confusion. But it seems to be an automatic reaction when we get sad or upset. _________17_________ However, the feeling is the same – your cheeks puff up, your eyes tighten and before you know it, tears are streaming down your face. Some of us may weep a little while others might cry like a baby.
A study in the UK in 2017 found that women admitted they cry 72 times a year. This was, on average, more than men. Adam Rutherford, lead researcher, says that the result has been pretty much consistent with previous research. ________18________Are they just more embarrassed about showing their true feelings The debate continues.
One place where we experience emotional and tearful outbursts is in the workplace.___19___ Someone might be stressed with a heavy workload. And, as therapist Joanna Cross put it, “crying is often a build-up of frustration and undealt-with situations and it’s a bit of a final straw moment.” She describes how someone might start weeping when they’re just asked to make a cup of tea. Actually, their stress has accumulated to the breaking point.
But crying in the office or elsewhere can be an effective stress reliever. It can actually make you feel better.______20______Crying your eyes out shows others how you feel, so perhaps it’s a crying shame that more of us, particularly men, don’t cry more often.
A. Then how do we cope with it
B. This can be where emotions run high.
C. People reach their breaking point in different ways.
D. We all have the power to cry, but is that a good thing
E. Maybe it dissolves or clears the negative feelings you’ve had.
F. What brings about this reaction differs from person to person.
G. But does this mean men don’t get as upset or emotional as women
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. G 19. B 20. E
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了哭是人们伤心时的正常反应，并且哭对于人们而言是有好处的。
【16题详解】
上文提到“Being moved by a sad movie, waving a loved one off, or getting emotional after splitting up with your partner can all cause tears to roll down our face”（被电影感动，和爱人分离，与搭档分道扬镳都会导致眼泪流下脸庞），本空承上启下，引出文章主题，所以根据下文内容，“crying in the office or elsewhere can be an effective stress reliever. ”（在办公室或其他地方哭可能是一种有效的减压方式），可知本文主要讲哭是所有人的反应，并且哭对人们有好处，所以本空目的在于引出此话题。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据上句“ it seems to be an automatic reaction when we get sad or upset”（哭是我们伤心难过时的自动反应），所以本空承接上句，F项句意“造成人们伤心难过的原因是各不相同的”，符合语境。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据上句“women admitted they cry 72 times a year. This was, on average, more than men. Adam Rutherford, lead researcher, says that the result has been pretty much consistent with previous research.”（女性承认，她们一年哭72次，这平均来说比男人要多。调查者说这个结果和以前的研究结果是一致的），本空承上启下，下句“Are they just more embarrassed about showing their true feelings ”（他们对于表达自己真实的情感会更尴尬吗），所以本空应该是讲男人哭的次数少的原因。故选G。
【19题详解】
上句提到“One place where we experience emotional and tearful outbursts is in the workplace”（我们经历情绪爆发的地点之一是在工作地），本空承接上文，应该接着讲工作地对人们情绪的影响，所以B项句意“工作地是情绪上涨之地”符合句意。故B项符合语境。故选B。
【20题详解】
根据上句“ It can actually make you feel better.”（哭会让你感觉更好），本空承上启下，应该接着讲哭对于人们的好处，所以E项句意“哭能融化或清除你的消极情感”符合句意。故选E。
【点睛】
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When you are storm chasing, most mornings start off in a cheap hotel trying to remember where you ended up the night before. This morning, we were in Wichita, Kansas, midway through a project to____21____the dramatic and destructive weather that travels across the middle of the United States every spring.
We loaded the car with our____22____, and off we went, driving under cloudless blue skies for hundreds of miles. Then we reached the border of our targeted storm and entered a dark scene of clouds and occasional rain. As we____23____the heart of the storm, we found ourselves____24____with high winds, violent rain, and severe hail (冰雹). Photographer Krystle, at the wheel, ____25____to get in front of the storm, but it was moving too fast. We could____26____keep pace with it.
Then we caught sight of something____27____, created by the storm: a rain-wrapped tornado half a mile to our right. The chaotic conditions made it____28____for us to keep it in sight. We lost our cellphone signals and all the data we were desperately____29____for communication. We couldn’t see beyond 20 feet. That was when Nick, our expedition (探险) leader and weather expert, called, “We have to flee.” Krystle_____30_____changed direction, driving the car north onto a country road, _____31_____the madness of that dangerous chase.
We weren’t done. After a stretch of clear skies, we found another_____32_____waiting for us. This time, we_____33_____to get in front of it, stopping to photograph it and racing back to the car to_____34_____its extreme anger.
A little past midnight, we let the storm go. We watched as the lightning-filled cloud rolled away, displaying the night sky — a beautiful_____35_____for those reckless (不顾危险的) enough to seek it.
21. A. recognize B. transform C. photograph D. forecast
22. A. nutrients B. flavor C. equipment D. documents
23. A. mentioned B. identified C. captured D. approached
24. A. struggling B. comparing C. engaged D. filled
25. A. pretended B. accelerated C. deserved D. hesitated
26. A. instantly B. gradually C. exactly D. hardly
27. A. disgusting B. frightening C. annoying D. embarrassing
28. A. efficient B. contradictory C. fundamental D. tough
29. A. dependent on B. absorbed in C. satisfied with D. curious about
30. A. deliberately B. frequently C. rigidly D. abruptly
31. A. predicting B. tolerating C. escaping D. witnessing
32. A. cloud B. storm C. car D. road
33. A. regretted B. devoted C. managed D. proposed
34. A. calm B. ignore C. challenge D. avoid
35. A. reward B. excuse C. appetite D. thought
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一行人拍摄恶劣天气景象的艰辛过程。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天早上，我们在堪萨斯州的威奇托市，正在拍摄每年春天穿越美国中部的剧烈且具有破坏性的天气。A. recognize认出；B. transform使变形；C. photograph拍摄；D. forecast预测。根据上文“When you are storm chasing”和下文“This time, we 13 to get in front of it, stopping to photograph it”可知作者一行人追逐风暴并进行拍摄。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在车上装上我们的装备，然后就出发了，在万里无云的蓝天下行驶了几百英里。A. nutrients营养；B. flavor风味；香料；C. equipment设备；D. documents文件。根据第一段中“When you are storm chasing”可知作者一行在追逐风暴，结合常识和上文“loaded the car with...”可推知，从事专业且危险的事情，他们需要带上设备。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们接近风暴中心时，我们发现自己正在与大风、暴雨和猛烈的冰雹作斗争。A. mentioned提到；B. identified辨认；C. captured捕获；D. approached接近。根据上文“Then we reached the border of our targeted storm”可知，此处指作者一行接近风暴的中心。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们接近风暴中心时，我们发现自己正在与大风、暴雨和猛烈的冰雹作斗争。A. struggling挣扎；作斗争；B. comparing比较；C. engaged参加，从事；D. filled充满，装满。根据上文可知，作者一行接近了风暴中心，遭遇狂风、暴雨和冰雹，所以他们与这些恶劣天气作斗争。struggle with意为“与……作斗争”。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：摄影师克里斯特尔在驾驶，加速以赶在风暴前面，但风暴移动得太快了。我们几乎跟不上它。A. pretended假装；B. accelerated加速，促进；C. deserved值得，应得；D. hesitated犹豫。根据下文“to get in front of the storm”可知，为了赶到风暴的前面需要加速行驶。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：摄影师克里斯特尔在驾驶，加速以赶在风暴前面，但风暴移动得太快了。我们几乎跟不上它。A. instantly立刻，马上；B. gradually逐渐地；C. exactly精确地，正确地；D. hardly几乎不。根据上文“but it was moving too fast.”可知，他们几乎追不上风暴。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后，我们看到了由风暴造成的可怕景象：在我们右边半英里处，被雨包裹的龙卷风。A. disgusting讨厌的；B. frightening可怕的；C. annoying厌烦的；D. embarrassing尴尬的。根据下文“a rain-wrapped tornado half a mile to our right”可知，在他们旁边出现了龙卷风，这是令人害怕的景象。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：混乱的情况使我们很难把它保持在视线内。A. efficient效率高的；B. contradictory相互矛盾的；C. fundamental根本的，基本的；D. tough困难的。根据上文“The chaotic conditions”可推知，混乱的环境使他们很难看清风暴的动向。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词短语辨析。句意：我们失去了我们的手机信号和所有我们迫切依赖的通讯数据。A. dependent on依靠；B. absorbed in全神贯注于；C. satisfied with满意；D. curious about好奇。结合常识和句中“our cellphone signals and all the data”可推知，他们需要依赖手机信号和数据来进行通讯。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，我们的探险队队长、气象专家尼克喊道：“我们必须逃离。”克里斯特尔突然改变方向，把车开向北方的一条乡间小路，躲开了疯狂的危险的追逐。A. deliberately故意地；B. frequently频繁地；C. rigidly严格地；D. abruptly突然地，唐突地。根据前文恶劣天气导致的混乱场面描述可知，此时情况十分紧急，故克里斯特尔是听到指令后立即（突然）改变行车方向。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，我们的探险队队长、气象专家尼克喊道：“我们必须逃离。”克里斯特尔突然改变方向，把车开向北方的一条乡间小路，躲开了疯狂的危险的追逐。A. predicting预测；B. tolerating容忍；C. escaping逃离；D. witnessing目睹。根据前文“We have to flee.”和“driving the car north onto a country road”可知，此处指我们为了逃离龙卷风的追逐而把车开到一条乡间小路。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一段晴朗的天空之后，我们发现又有一场风暴在等着我们。A. cloud云；B. storm暴风雨；C. car汽车；D. road路，公路。根据前文对暴风雨天气的描述可知此处指另一场暴风雨正等着我们。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一次，我们设法赶到了它的前面，停下来拍照，然后跑回车里躲避它极度的愤怒。A. regretted遗憾；B. devoted献身，致力；C. managed设法做到，管理；D. proposed提议，建议。根据下文“to get in front of it, stopping to photograph it”可知，这一次他们设法赶到了风暴的前面，并成功拍照。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一次，我们设法赶到了它的前面，停下来拍照，然后跑回车里躲避它极度的愤怒。A. calm使镇静；B. ignore忽视；C. challenge挑战；D. avoid避免，避开。根据前文“racing back to the car”可知此处指为了避开风暴的突变。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们看着闪电密布云消散了，展现出夜空——这是对那些不顾危险寻找它的人的美丽奖赏。A. reward奖励；B. excuse借口；C. appetite食欲，胃口；D. thought想法。根据前文我们不顾危险拍摄暴风的细节描写，再结合语境可知此处指的是对那些不顾危险寻找它（恶劣天气景象）的人的美丽奖赏。故选A项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Working in Space
Astronauts perform many tasks as they orbit the Earth. The space station ___36___(design) to be a permanent orbiting research facility. ___37___(it) major purpose is to perform world-class science research, ___38___only a microgravity environment can provide. The station crew spend their day working on science experiments that require their input, as well ___39___monitoring those that are controlled from the ground. They also take part in medical experiments to determine how well their bodies are adjusting to ___40___(live) in microgravity for long periods of time.
That the astronauts work on the space station also means ensuring the ___41___(maintain) and health of the orbiting platform. Crew members are ___42___(constant) checking support systems and cleaning filters, updating computer equipment: doing many of the things ___43___(homeowner) must do to ensure that their largest investment stays in good shape. Similarly, the Mission Control Centre continuously monitors the space station and sends messages each day ___44___voice or email with new instructions or plans ____45____(assist) the crew members in their daily routines.
【答案】36. is designed
37. Its 38. which
39. as 40. living
41. maintenance
42. constantly
43. homeowners
44. through
45. to assist
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了宇航员在空间站的工作。
【36题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：空间站被设计成一个永久性的轨道研究设施。此处描述客观事实，谓语动词和主语之间是被动关系，谓语动词design用一般现在时的被动语态。主谓一致，故填is designed。
【37题详解】
考查代词。句意：它的主要目的是进行世界一流的科学研究，这只有在微重力环境下才能做到。限定名词应用形容词性物主代词。句首单词首字母大写，故填Its。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：它的主要目的是进行世界一流的科学研究，这只有在微重力环境下才能做到。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为science research，指代事物，应用关系代词which引导，在从句中作宾语。故填which。
【39题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：空间站的工作人员每天都在进行需要他们参与的科学实验，同时还要监控地面控制的实验。as well as“以及，此外”是固定短语。故填as。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们还参加医学实验，以确定他们的身体如何适应长期生活在微重力环境中。动词短语adjust to中的to是介词，应用动名词作宾语。故填living。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：宇航员在空间站工作也意味着要确保轨道平台的维护和健康。定冠词后应用名词maintenance(不可数)作动词ensuring的宾语。故填maintenance。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：工作人员不断检查支持系统，清洗过滤器，更新计算机设备：做许多房主必须做的事情，以确保他们最大的投资保持良好状态。修饰后文动词应用副词。故填constantly。
【43题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：工作人员不断检查支持系统，清洗过滤器，更新计算机设备：做许多房主必须做的事情，以确保他们最大的投资保持良好状态。此处为修饰名词the things的定语从句，从句中，应用名词复数形式作主语，零冠词可数名词复数表泛指。故填homeowners。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：同样，任务控制中心持续监测空间站，并每天通过语音或电子邮件发送新的指令或计划，以协助机组人员进行日常工作。表示“通过语音或电子邮件”，应用介词through构成介词短语，意为“（指方法、手段）经，由，通过”。故填through。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：同样，任务控制中心持续监测空间站，并每天通过语音或电子邮件发送新的指令或计划，以协助机组人员进行日常工作。根据句意可知，此处应用动词不定式作状语，表目的。故填to assist。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，寒假时你们全班参观了湖南省博物院。请你为校英文报写一篇新闻报道，内容包括：
1 参加人员、时间；
2. 活动内容；
3. 活动反响。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Visit to Hunan Museum
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 A Visit to Hunan Museum
During the winter holiday, our class visited the Hunan Museum.
We gathered at the school gate at 9 a.m., and then took a bus to the museum, where we saw a rich collection of cultural relics, with Ma Wangdui Han tomb relics, Shang and Zhou bronzes, Chu relics, ceramics, paintings and calligraphy, modern cultural relics and so on. We surely visited the body of Mrs. Xinzhui. After more than two thousand years, the body had not decomposed, which surprised us all. We were all amazed at the ancient objects displayed in the museum and deeply impressed by the vivid description.
The visit was a great success. Not only did it help us learn more about China, but it also helped broaden our horizons.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于新闻报道。要求考生写一篇新闻报道，报道寒假时全班参观湖南省博物院的活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
假期：vacation→holiday
展览：show→display
描述：account→description
帮助：assist→help
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The visit was a great success.
拓展句：The visit was a great success, which we will never forget.
【点睛】【高分句型1】We gathered at the school gate at 9 a.m., and then took a bus to the museum, where we saw a rich collection of cultural relics, with Ma Wangdui Han tomb relics, Shang and Zhou bronzes, Chu relics, ceramics, paintings and calligraphy, modern cultural relics and so on. (运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】After more than two thousand years, the body had not decomposed, which surprised us all. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One particular Thanksgiving, the weather was so beautiful that Mom decided to have dinner on our front lawn. Dad built a long table, and Mom and I rounded up every chair in the house. I did the place settings and made the centerpiece — my favorite job of the year.
My aunt arrived with Uncle Gordon. I watched him walk from the street up the lawn, tall with his blond hair shining in the sun. Another car had pulled up behind them, and Uncle Gordon waited for a slim man to join him. As they walked, he and Gordon chatted. Mom came out of the house and greeted my aunt. Then, with a surprised look, she said hello to Gordon and his friend.
“Who’s this ”
Gordon smiled and told us the man’s name. “A Canuck(法裔加拿大人) from Toronto, like me.”
“Oh,” Mom said uncertainly. “Well, welcome. Leslie, get another place setting and a chair.” She turned to the stranger. “Please have a seat. We’re going to eat in about half an hour. ”I thought the man looked a little funny, but he smiled. “Why, thanks. Thanks a lot.” I did as Mom asked and set a place at the table for the stranger. I put him next to Uncle Gordon so the two friends could recall home. And they did a lot of talking.
After dinner, the man approached my mother with a smile. “Thank you for including me in your Thanksgiving dinner, Joyce. It wasn’t something I was expecting.” Mom frowned, a little confused. “Of course,” she said. “We’re glad you could be here. Do you have Thanksgiving in Canada ”
“Ours is in October. We have turkey, though, just like you.” He smiled. “But this is one of the best Thanksgivings I’ve had. I guess Americans and Canadians aren’t that different, eh ” Then again, he said, “But I never expected this.”
“Gordon’s friend seems nice,” Mom said to my aunt when we were alone in the kitchen.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“Gordon’s friend ” my aunt said. “He’s not Gordon’s friend. We don’t know him.”
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“I was, actually, lost in the neighborhood,” replied the stranger.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】“Gordon’s friend ” my aunt said. “He’s not Gordon’s friend. We don’t know him.” My aunt’s words stunned my mom into silence for several moments before she snapped back to her senses and started to utter again, “So... we’ve been treating a total stranger to dinner this entire evening! What if...” As Mom strived to shake off all the crazy ideas going on in her mind, my aunt beckoned Uncle Gordon into the kitchen with a wave. Upon hearing the news, Uncle Gordon’s eyebrows jerked up in surprise. “Well, at least he acted nice and gentle. You know what Probably we should just go ask him,” my aunt proposed.
“I was, actually, lost in the neighborhood,” replied the stranger. When asked why he had come to our house, the stranger was quite honest. He described how hospitable we were when he came in, how he had no time to interrupt when Uncle Gordon dragged him into the talks about Canada, and how excited Mom was to introduce her cooking recipes. “It was such a wonderful gathering that I almost forgot my initial intention.” he continued, embarrassed. We burst into laughter and told him to ease off. Seeing him off in the right direction, I couldn’t help but think that the best way to celebrate Thanksgiving would always be to give regardless.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了在一次感恩节的时候，一个陌生人来到我们家和我们一起共度感恩节的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“戈登的朋友吗？姑妈说。“他不是戈登的朋友。我们不认识他。”可知，第一段可描写在弄清楚事实之后的故事。
②由第二段首句内容“事实上，我在附近迷路了，”陌生人回答。”可知，第二段可描写陌生人向我们解释为什么来我们家的原因以及我们的感受。
2.续写线索：不认识这个陌生人——弄清楚事实后姨妈和妈妈的感受——决定去问这个陌生人——陌生人的解释——我们终于豁然开朗——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①认识：know/recognize/identify
②说，讲：utter/speak/say
③.摆脱：shake off /get rid of
情绪类
①.惊讶地：in surprise / in amazement / in astonishment
②.热情好客的：hospitable /warm/enthusiastic
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. As Mom strived to shake off all the crazy ideas going on in her mind, my aunt beckoned Uncle Gordon into the kitchen with a wave.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句。）
[高分句型2]. He described how hospitable we were when he came in, how he had no time to interrupt when Uncle Gordon dragged him into the talks about Canada, and how excited Mom was to introduce her cooking recipes.（运用了连接词how引导的宾语从句。）
[高分句型3]. Seeing him off in the right direction, I couldn’t help but think that the best way to celebrate Thanksgiving would always be to give regardless.（运用了非谓语动词中的现在分词作状语。）2022-2023-2长郡中学高二下入学考试
英语
时量：120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)略
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
★A
The Red Cross is known for doing some of the most heroic acts in the world. There are Red Cross societies in 190 countries all over the world. Their task is to prevent and alleviate human suffering in the face of sudden serious situations by organizing the power of volunteers and asking people to donate.
In 1860, Swiss businessman and social activist, Jean Henri Dunant, saw the effects of wars, and countries not prepared or able to deal with the suffering of those who had been injured in the Battle of Solferino during the Second War of Italian Independence. Dunant organized a group of volunteers to help bring water and food to the injured, to help with medical treatment, or to write letters to the families of those who were dying. After that moment, he knew that more had to be done, and he wrote the book, A Memory of Solferino, which encouraged the public to create an organization which would help the wounded. His writing encouraged more people to support him in creating the International Federation of the Red Cross. And in 1863, the International Committee of the Red Cross was founded.
The modern-day Red Cross does more than nursing soldiers during wartime. The group began to spend most of its time on disaster relief and epidemic(流行病) treatment. It has achieved even greater service in humanitarian(人道主义的) programs that serve continuously in both peace and war.
One of the easiest ways you can help the Red Cross is to make sure you are able to donate blood and make an appointment at the Red Cross website. But, donating blood isn’t the only way you can help out — the Red Cross also encourages you to donate your time if you can, along with other things the modern-day Red Cross wants you to know.
1. What does the underlined word “alleviate” in paragraph 1 mean
A. Lighten. B. Report. C. Express. D. Find.
2. Why did Dunant write A Memory of Solferino
A. To make more people know the Red Cross.
B. To ask more people to help the wounded.
C. To let people see the effects of wars.
D. To call on people to stop wars.
3. What is the purpose of the last paragraph
A. To introduce the Red Cross website.
B. To explain the Red Cross’s future work.
C. To encourage people to offer help in the Red Cross.
D. To show how the Red Cross helps needy people.
★B
When Adora Svitak was twelve years old, she spoke on the TED stage, saying she hates the word "childish" if it's being used to describe irrational （不合理的）demands or irresponsible behavior. She said she has seen enough of that in the adult world, so she knows irrational demands and irresponsible behavior aren't limited to children. In fact, she made the point that adults could learn a thing or two if they'd only open their mind to the possibility that kids have a lot to offer the world.
Even as a kid, Svitak often spoke to educators, making the point that there should be more of a reciprocal （互惠的）relationship between teachers and students. "It shouldn't just be teachers at the head of the classroom telling them to do this or that. The students should teach their teachers," she said.
But she wasn't naive（幼稚的）, and she knew that isn't how many classrooms and schools operate in that way. Her theory is that it's all about trust. Adults always seem to have a restrictive （约束的）attitude towards kids. "Kids have no or very little say in making the rules," Svitak joked.
As a young child, Svitak loved to write. When her mom gave her a computer she wrote over 300 short stories on it. She wanted to get them published, and she was lucky because her parents were on her side. Even though she was turned down by many publishers, eventually she did have a book of short stories published. She was only seven years old then.
After that first success, Svitak has gone on to do more impressive things, something she wishes more kids had the support to do. She says it's important for kids to be heard and contribute when they're young, so they grow up to become a better kind of adult. "The goal is not to turn kids into your kind of adults, but rather better adults than you guys have been. Progress happens because new generations and new eras grow and develop, and they become better than the previous ones. It's the reason we aren't in the Dark Ages anymore," she said.
4. What does Svitak think of using "childish" to describe irrational demands
A. It is unfair for children. B. It can lead to positive effects.
C. It takes no account of adults' needs. D. It can result in irresponsible behavior.
5. What is a good reciprocal relationship between teachers and students according to Svitak
A. Students get along with teachers. B. Students teach instead of learning.
C. Teachers keep telling students what to do. D. Teachers and students learn from each other.
6. How did Svitak's parents react to her dream
A. They supported her. B. They had doubt about it.
C. They were greatly shocked. D. They hardly took it seriously.
7. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. Children need to stick to their dreams.
B. Parents should satisfy their children's needs.
C. Children are advised to imitate their parents.
D. Parents should support and expect more from children.
C
Reflexology is a natural treatment dating back to ancient times. It is based on the idea that there are zones, or areas, in the feet and hands that are related to other parts and systems of the body. For example, the tips of the toes and fingers are related to the head and neck, and the ball of the foot is related to the heart and chest. A reflexologist applies pressure to specific areas in a patient’s feet and hands to relieve symptoms or pain in other related areas.
This type of treatment does not cure or diagnose specific health problems, and it does not involve any medicine or drugs. Yet many patients find that it successfully relieves symptoms of stress and disease. Reflexology is effective for pain, headaches, and sleeping difficulties, among other ilnesses. Applying pressure to the feet and hands relieves tension, improves blood circulation, and relaxes muscles. It promotes the natural, healthy functions and well-being of the entire body. Reflexology is often used along with other types of treatments, including conventional medicine.
This gentle therapy is safe and simple. A reflexologist’s only tools are his or her hands. Pressure is strong, but not uncomfortable. It’s not uncommon for patients to fall asleep during treatments.
A typical treatment session lasts one hour. Treatment is usually focused on the feet for most of the session. A patient is asked to remove his or her shoes and socks to sit in a comfortable reclining chair, and then to relax as the reflexologist warms the patient’s feet with his or her hands and applies pressure to the appropriate parts of the foot. The last ten minutes of the session are dedicated to the hands.
After relieving specific problems, many patients continue a regular program of treatment to maintain good health. Some reflexologists suggest building at least a five- minute reflexology session into every day for long-term relief of stress and pain.
8. What is a reflexologist
A. a scientist who studies reflexology practice.
B. a patient who receives reflexology treatment.
C. a person who provides reflexology treatment.
D. a person who supports the reflexology theory.
9. Which of the following is true about reflexology according to the article
A. It can deal with problems with the feet.
B. It works wonderfully with some diseases.
C. It is often combined with other treatments.
D Many people do it at least five minutes daily.
10. In a typical session of reflexology, about how much time is spent on the feet
A. One hour. B. Fifty minutes. C. Ten minutes. D. Half the time.
11. In ideas, which of the following is similar to reflexology
A. Chinese herbal therapy. B. Spiritual healing method.
C. Traditional western medicine. D. Chinese acupuncture (针灸).
D
Pieter Bruegel’s iconic 1565 painting The Harvesters hangs at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. The work showed people harvesting wheat nearly as tall as they were.“nowadays, however, if you walk through a wheat field, you basically see that wheat is about knee-height. The reduced height is essentially a consequence of breeding (培育)along with genes for increasing production to feed a growing population,” biologist De Smet explained.
De Smet says wheat is just one example of how historical artwork can allow us to track the transformation of food crops over time. He teamed up with art historian Vergauwen, a friend since childhood, to document such artwork around the world. They have been mainly looking at things where they can spot changes in shape, color and size.
Their interest in plants in artwork began with a visit to the Hermitage Museum, where they noticed an odd-looking watermelon in an early-17th-century painting. It appeared to be pale and white on the inside. Biologist De Smet assumed the painter had done a poor job. But art historian Vergauwen had a different idea. “No, this is one of the best painters ever from that era. So if he painted it like that, that’s the way it must have looked like,” he explained.
Other paintings revealed that both red and white watermelons were grown during the 17th century.“With all the genetic knowledge we now have, we can look in more detail how something comes about,”De Smet said. “For example, until the 18th century, European strawberries appeared tiny in paintings-they then grew in size as they were crossbred with North American varieties.”
Ultimately, the team hopes to create an online research database of historical plant artwork. They seek the contributions of art enthusiasts around the world via the social media. “However,” Vergauwen reminds, “if you’re going to use, for example, Picasso to try and understand how a pear looked in the early 20th century, you might be misled.”
12. What can we learn about the painting The Harvesters
A. It shows how people successfully grew wheat.
B. It proves that wheat was much shorter in the past.
C. It explains the consequence of different breeding methods.
D It gives clues about how wheat in the 16th century looked like.
13. What inspired the research team to start their study
A. Their preference for food crops.
B. Their friendship since childhood.
C. Their divided views on an old painting.
D. Their shared interest in Hermitage Museum.
14. What is the message from Vergauwen in the last paragraph
A. Art enthusiasts are not careful enough.
B. Abstract paintings often mislead people.
C. The source paintings need to be realistic.
D. Picasso’s paintings are hard to understand.
15. What is the purpose of the text
A. To comment on historical plant paintings.
B. To tell interesting stories behind plant artwork.
C. To inform readers of a scientific breakthrough.
D. To introduce a study on food crop transformation.
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What makes you cry Being moved by a sad movie, waving a loved one off, or getting emotional after splitting up with your partner can all cause tears to roll down our faces. _______16_______
When you think about it, shedding tears from your eyes can cause embarrassment or confusion. But it seems to be an automatic reaction when we get sad or upset. _________17_________ However, the feeling is the same – your cheeks puff up, your eyes tighten and before you know it, tears are streaming down your face. Some of us may weep a little while others might cry like a baby.
A study in the UK in 2017 found that women admitted they cry 72 times a year. This was, on average, more than men. Adam Rutherford, lead researcher, says that the result has been pretty much consistent with previous research. ________18________Are they just more embarrassed about showing their true feelings The debate continues.
One place where we experience emotional and tearful outbursts is in the workplace.___19___ Someone might be stressed with a heavy workload. And, as therapist Joanna Cross put it, “crying is often a build-up of frustration and undealt-with situations and it’s a bit of a final straw moment.” She describes how someone might start weeping when they’re just asked to make a cup of tea. Actually, their stress has accumulated to the breaking point.
But crying in the office or elsewhere can be an effective stress reliever. It can actually make you feel better.______20______Crying your eyes out shows others how you feel, so perhaps it’s a crying shame that more of us, particularly men, don’t cry more often.
A. Then how do we cope with it
B. This can be where emotions run high.
C. People reach their breaking point in different ways.
D. We all have the power to cry, but is that a good thing
E. Maybe it dissolves or clears the negative feelings you’ve had.
F. What brings about this reaction differs from person to person.
G. But does this mean men don’t get as upset or emotional as women
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When you are storm chasing, most mornings start off in a cheap hotel trying to remember where you ended up the night before. This morning, we were in Wichita, Kansas, midway through a project to____21____the dramatic and destructive weather that travels across the middle of the United States every spring.
We loaded the car with our____22____, and off we went, driving under cloudless blue skies for hundreds of miles. Then we reached the border of our targeted storm and entered a dark scene of clouds and occasional rain. As we____23____the heart of the storm, we found ourselves____24____with high winds, violent rain, and severe hail (冰雹). Photographer Krystle, at the wheel, ____25____to get in front of the storm, but it was moving too fast. We could____26____keep pace with it.
Then we caught sight of something____27____, created by the storm: a rain-wrapped tornado half a mile to our right. The chaotic conditions made it____28____for us to keep it in sight. We lost our cellphone signals and all the data we were desperately____29____for communication. We couldn’t see beyond 20 feet. That was when Nick, our expedition (探险) leader and weather expert, called, “We have to flee.” Krystle_____30_____changed direction, driving the car north onto a country road, _____31_____the madness of that dangerous chase.
We weren’t done. After a stretch of clear skies, we found another_____32_____waiting for us. This time, we_____33_____to get in front of it, stopping to photograph it and racing back to the car to_____34_____its extreme anger.
A little past midnight, we let the storm go. We watched as the lightning-filled cloud rolled away, displaying the night sky — a beautiful_____35_____for those reckless (不顾危险的) enough to seek it.
21. A. recognize B. transform C. photograph D. forecast
22. A. nutrients B. flavor C. equipment D. documents
23. A. mentioned B. identified C. captured D. approached
24. A. struggling B. comparing C. engaged D. filled
25 A. pretended B. accelerated C. deserved D. hesitated
26. A. instantly B. gradually C. exactly D. hardly
27. A. disgusting B. frightening C. annoying D. embarrassing
28. A. efficient B. contradictory C. fundamental D. tough
29. A. dependent on B. absorbed in C. satisfied with D. curious about
30 A. deliberately B. frequently C. rigidly D. abruptly
31. A. predicting B. tolerating C. escaping D. witnessing
32. A. cloud B. storm C. car D. road
33. A. regretted B. devoted C. managed D. proposed
34. A. calm B. ignore C. challenge D. avoid
35. A. reward B. excuse C. appetite D. thought
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Working in Space
Astronauts perform many tasks as they orbit the Earth. The space station ___36___(design) to be a permanent orbiting research facility. ___37___(it) major purpose is to perform world-class science research, ___38___only a microgravity environment can provide. The station crew spend their day working on science experiments that require their input, as well ___39___monitoring those that are controlled from the ground. They also take part in medical experiments to determine how well their bodies are adjusting to ___40___(live) in microgravity for long periods of time.
That the astronauts work on the space station also means ensuring the ___41___(maintain) and health of the orbiting platform. Crew members are ___42___(constant) checking support systems and cleaning filters, updating computer equipment: doing many of the things ___43___(homeowner) must do to ensure that their largest investment stays in good shape. Similarly, the Mission Control Centre continuously monitors the space station and sends messages each day ___44___voice or email with new instructions or plans ____45____(assist) the crew members in their daily routines.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，寒假时你们全班参观了湖南省博物院。请你为校英文报写一篇新闻报道，内容包括：
1. 参加人员、时间；
2. 活动内容；
3. 活动反响。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Visit to Hunan Museum
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One particular Thanksgiving, the weather was so beautiful that Mom decided to have dinner on our front lawn. Dad built a long table, and Mom and I rounded up every chair in the house. I did the place settings and made the centerpiece — my favorite job of the year.
My aunt arrived with Uncle Gordon. I watched him walk from the street up the lawn, tall with his blond hair shining in the sun. Another car had pulled up behind them, and Uncle Gordon waited for a slim man to join him. As they walked, he and Gordon chatted. Mom came out of the house and greeted my aunt. Then, with a surprised look, she said hello to Gordon and his friend.
“Who’s this ”
Gordon smiled and told us the man’s name. “A Canuck(法裔加拿大人) from Toronto, like me.”
“Oh,” Mom said uncertainly. “Well, welcome. Leslie, get another place setting and a chair.” She turned to the stranger. “Please have a seat. We’re going to eat in about half an hour. ”I thought the man looked a little funny, but he smiled. “Why, thanks. Thanks a lot.” I did as Mom asked and set a place at the table for the stranger. I put him next to Uncle Gordon so the two friends could recall home. And they did a lot of talking.
After dinner, the man approached my mother with a smile. “Thank you for including me in your Thanksgiving dinner, Joyce. It wasn’t something I was expecting.” Mom frowned, a little confused. “Of course,” she said. “We’re glad you could be here. Do you have Thanksgiving in Canada ”
“Ours is in October. We have turkey, though, just like you.” He smiled. “But this is one of the best Thanksgivings I’ve had. I guess Americans and Canadians aren’t that different, eh ” Then again, he said, “But I never expected this.”
“Gordon’s friend seems nice,” Mom said to my aunt when we were alone in the kitchen.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“Gordon’s friend ” my aunt said. “He’s not Gordon’s friend. We don’t know him.”
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“I was, actually, lost in the neighborhood,” replied the stranger.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
